Biomass gasifier with waste cleaning function

Abstract

The invention discloses a biomass gasifier with a waste cleaning function, and relates to the technical field of biomass gasifiers, the gasifier comprises a gasifier body, a water-cooling slag discharge cabin, a sound wave ash removal device and a cyclone dust removal device, a heating block is arranged in the gasifier body, the heating block heats and incinerates biomass raw materials in the gasifier, and the water-cooling slag discharge cabin and the sound wave ash removal device are communicated with the cyclone dust removal device. The sound wave ash cleaning device is arranged above the gasification furnace body and is used for cleaning accumulated ash and wall-hung objects in the gasification furnace body, the water-cooling slag discharging cabin is arranged below the gasification furnace body, a surrounding type water-cooling interlayer is arranged on the wall of the cabin body of the water-cooling slag discharging cabin, and the water-cooling interlayer realizes local cooling through an external circulating water system. The cyclone dust removal device is connected with the gasification furnace body through a pipeline, and combustible gas generated by combustion of biomass raw materials in the gasification furnace body is filtered by the cyclone dust removal device and then discharged. Efficient cooling of waste materials is achieved through the water-cooling deslagging cabin, and the effect of avoiding damage of high temperature to a deslagging system is achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of biomass gasification furnace, and particularly relates to a biomass gasification furnace with waste cleaning function. BACKGROUND

[0002] The biomass gasification furnace converts agricultural and forestry wastes, industrial organic wastes, etc. into combustible gas through thermochemical conversion, but the ash, carbon particles and impurities generated in the running process of the biomass gasification furnace have long been the core bottleneck restricting the stable operation and energy efficiency improvement of the equipment.

[0003] The early biomass gasification furnace generally relies on manual regular shutdown cleaning, and the accumulated slag at the bottom of the furnace is manually removed by tools such as harrow and shovel. This method not only has high labor intensity and long maintenance period, but also has safety hazards such as scalding and dust inhalation in the high-temperature environment.

[0004] The waste slag generated by biomass gasification has extremely high temperature, and the traditional slag discharge device is prone to deformation, aging and even damage due to long-term bearing of high temperature, thereby affecting the service life and running stability of the equipment. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to provide a biomass gasification furnace with waste cleaning function to solve the problems in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a biomass gasification furnace with waste cleaning function, the gasification furnace comprising a gasification furnace body, a water-cooled slag discharge cabin and a heat exchange device, the inner wall of the gasification furnace body is provided with two symmetrically installed heating blocks, the cabin wall of the water-cooled slag discharge cabin is provided with a water-cooled interlayer, the heat exchange device cools the liquid inside the water-cooled interlayer and forms a circulation of the liquid inside the water-cooled interlayer, and the bottom of the water-cooled slag discharge cabin is provided with a spiral slag discharge machine, biomass raw materials enter the gasification furnace body, the heating blocks inside the gasification furnace body heat the biomass raw materials, the biomass raw materials are fully combusted, the water-cooled interlayer inside the water-cooled slag discharge cabin efficiently cools the waste materials entering the water-cooled slag discharge cabin, thereby avoiding damage of high temperature to the slag discharge cabin, and the heat exchange device cools the liquid inside the water-cooled interlayer.

[0007] The upper part of the gasification furnace body is provided with a sound wave ash cleaning device, the sound wave ash cleaning device comprises a sound wave ash cleaner, the sound wave ash cleaner is externally provided with a machine shell, the machine shell is connected with the gasification furnace body, the top of the machine shell is provided with a fixed plate, the center part of the fixed plate is provided with a limiting block, the limiting block is connected with the sound wave ash cleaner, and the sound wave ash cleaner cleans the inner wall of the gasification furnace body under the limiting action of the limiting block, thereby avoiding the influence of dust adhesion on the reaction efficiency.

[0008] The upper end of the outer surface of the gasification furnace body is provided with a feeding port, the inner wall of the gasification furnace body is provided with a temperature sensor at the upper end, the central part of the outer surface of the gasification furnace body is provided with an air inlet, and the bottom of the gasification furnace body is provided with a furnace body slag discharge port.

[0009] The gasification furnace body is connected with the flange of the water-cooled slag discharge cabin arranged below, and the gasification furnace body and the water-cooled slag discharge cabin are connected through nuts, so that the maintenance and replacement of the equipment are facilitated.

[0010] The outer side of the gasification furnace body is provided with a cyclone dust removal device, the cyclone dust removal device comprises an air outlet pipeline, one end of the air outlet pipeline is connected with the gasification furnace body, the other end of the air outlet pipeline is connected with a cyclone separator, a collecting box is arranged below the cyclone separator, and the cyclone separator is connected with a fan through a fan pipeline.

[0011] The water-cooled slag discharge cabin is of a modular quick-release structure, a conical distribution block is arranged in the water-cooled slag discharge cabin, the conical distribution block is connected with the water-cooled slag discharge cabin through a connecting plate, a slag discharge cone barrel is arranged on the water-cooled slag discharge cabin, the slag discharge cone barrel is located above the conical distribution block, the bottom of the conical distribution block is connected with a water-cooled interlayer through a water pipe, a water wheel is arranged at the central position of the conical distribution block, a vibration rod is arranged at the upper end in the conical distribution block, and a high-pressure nozzle is arranged at the bottom of the conical distribution block.

[0012] The bottom center position of the water-cooled slag discharge cabin is provided with a furnace bottom slag discharge port, the furnace bottom slag discharge port is connected with a screw slag discharger through a pipeline, one end of the screw slag discharger is provided with a slag discharge port, a valve is arranged between the furnace bottom slag discharge port and the pipeline, the residue falls into the bottom of the water-cooled slag discharge cabin, the valve between the furnace bottom slag discharge port and the pipeline is closed, after the residue is completely cooled, the valve is opened, the residue enters the screw slag discharger through the furnace bottom slag discharge port, and finally is discharged from the slag discharge port, so that the waste cleaning is completed.

[0013] The water-cooled interlayer is connected with a water pump through a water outlet pipeline, a support frame is arranged below the water pump, the water pump is connected with a heat exchanger through a water inlet pipeline of the heat exchanger, a heat exchanger support is arranged below the heat exchanger, and the heat exchanger is connected with the water-cooled interlayer through a water inlet pipeline.

[0014] The gasification furnace body is connected with support legs, and the support legs increase the stability of the gasification furnace body structure.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are: 1. The water-cooled slag discharge cabin is used for realizing efficient cooling of waste slag, can directly avoid damage of high temperature to the slag discharge cabin, makes the equipment not easy to deform and damage, increases the service life and stability of the equipment.

[0016] 2. The liquid circulation design of the water-cooled interlayer and the conical distribution block realizes vibration distribution by cooperation of a water wheel and a vibration rod while cooling the residue, is used in cooperation with a high-pressure nozzle, increases the flowability of the residue, avoids adhesion of the residue to the inner wall, and the temperature of the residue at the outlet of the water-cooled slag discharge cabin can be reduced to below 80 DEG C, not only reduces high-temperature wear of the screw slag discharger, but also improves the hardness of the residue by cooling and reduces adhesion loss of the slag discharge equipment.

[0017] 3. The water-cooled slag discharge cabin adopts a modular quick-release structure, the design shortens the average fault repair time of the equipment, and facilitates maintenance and replacement of the equipment.

[0018] 4. The slag discharge process has high automation degree, greatly reduces the demand for manual intervention, avoids response lag and judgment error caused by manual monitoring and manual operation, greatly increases the work efficiency, realizes continuous and efficient waste slag discharge, and guarantees long-term stable operation of the gasification furnace. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is an isometric view of the present application; Figure 2 It is a front view of the present application; Figure 3 It is a right view of the present application; Figure 4 is a rear view of the present application; Figure 5 is a rear view of the present application; Figure 6 is a rear view of the present application; Figure 5 is a partial enlarged view of region C in the present application; Figure 7 is a rear view of the present application; Figure 8 is a rear view of the present application; Figure 7 is a partial enlarged view of region A in the present application; Figure 9 is a rear view of the present application; Figure 7 is a partial enlarged view of region B in the present application.

[0020] In the figure: 1, gasification furnace body; 2, water-cooled slag discharge chamber; 3, gas inlet; 4, acoustic ash cleaner; 5, casing; 6, limiting block; 7, fixed plate; 8, feed inlet; 9, temperature sensor; 10, heating block; 11, nut; 12, water outlet; 13, water inlet; 14, water-cooled interlayer; 15, water outlet pipeline; 16, water pump; 17, heat exchanger water inlet pipe; 18, support frame; 19, heat exchanger; 20, heat exchanger support frame; 21, water inlet pipeline; 22, furnace body slag discharge port; 23, slag discharge cone barrel; 24, conical distribution block; 25, connecting plate; 26, high-pressure nozzle; 27, water pipe; 28, furnace bottom slag discharge port; 29, screw slag discharger; 30, slag discharge port; 31, gas outlet pipeline; 32, cyclone separator; 33, fan pipeline; 34, fan; 35, fan gas outlet; 36, collection box; 37, support leg; 38, water wheel; 39, vibration rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0022] Embodiment: as Figures 1-9As shown, the present application provides technical solutions, a biomass gasification furnace with waste cleaning function, the gasification furnace includes gasification furnace body 1, water cooling slag discharge cabin 2 and heat exchange device, the inner wall of gasification furnace body 1 is provided with two symmetrical heating blocks 10, the cabin wall of water cooling slag discharge cabin 2 is provided with water cooling sandwich 14, the heat exchange device cools the liquid inside water cooling sandwich 14, and makes the liquid inside water cooling sandwich 14 form a cycle, the bottom of water cooling slag discharge cabin 2 is provided with a spiral slag discharge machine 29, biomass raw materials enter gasification furnace body 1, the heating block 10 inside gasification furnace body 1 heats the biomass raw materials, so that the biomass raw materials are fully burned, the water cooling sandwich 14 is arranged inside water cooling slag discharge cabin 2, the waste entering water cooling slag discharge cabin 2 is efficiently cooled, and the damage of high temperature to the slag discharge cabin is avoided, and the heat exchange device cools the liquid inside water cooling sandwich 14.

[0023] The upper end of the outer surface of the gasification furnace body 1 is provided with a feeding port 8, the upper end of the inner wall of the gasification furnace body 1 is provided with a temperature sensor 9, the central part of the outer surface of the gasification furnace body 1 is provided with an air inlet 3, the bottom of the gasification furnace body 1 is provided with a furnace body slag discharge port 22, the biomass raw materials enter the inside of the gasification furnace body 1 through the feeding port 8, the temperature sensor 9 inside the gasification furnace body 1 is connected with the control panel, the temperature inside the gasification furnace body is detected through the temperature sensor 9, so as to ensure that the biomass raw materials are fully burned, the air enters the inside of the gasification furnace body 1 from the air inlet 3, and a series of reactions such as oxidation and reduction occur between the biomass raw materials and the air at high temperature, to generate combustible gas, and the waste slag generated by combustion is discharged into the water cooling slag discharge cabin 2 from the furnace body slag discharge port 22 at the bottom of the gasification furnace body 1.

[0024] The upper part of the gasification furnace body 1 is provided with a sound wave dust cleaning device, the sound wave dust cleaning device includes a sound wave dust cleaner 4, the sound wave dust cleaner 4 is provided with an outer casing 5, the casing 5 is connected with the gasification furnace body 1, the top of the casing 5 is provided with a fixed plate 7, the central part of the fixed plate 7 is provided with a limiting block 6, the limiting block 6 is connected with the sound wave dust cleaner 4, the sound wave dust cleaner 4 cleans the inner wall of the gasification furnace body 1 under the limiting action of the limiting block 6, to avoid that dust adhesion affects the reaction efficiency.

[0025] The water-cooled slag discharge tank 2 is of a modular quick-release structure, and a conical distributing block 24 is arranged in the water-cooled slag discharge tank 2. The conical distributing block 24 is connected with the water-cooled slag discharge tank 2 through a connecting plate 25. A slag discharge cone barrel 23 is arranged on the water-cooled slag discharge tank 2, and the slag discharge cone barrel 23 is located above the conical distributing block 24. The bottom of the conical distributing block 24 is connected with the water-cooled interlayer 14 through a water pipe 27. A water wheel 38 is arranged at the center position of the conical distributing block 24. A vibrating rod 39 is arranged at the upper end in the conical distributing block 24. A high-pressure nozzle 26 is arranged at the bottom of the conical distributing block 24. The residue after the biomass principle combustion is discharged from the furnace body slag discharge port 22, enters the water-cooled slag discharge tank 2 through the slag discharge cone barrel 23, and falls on the conical distributing block 24 in the water-cooled slag discharge tank 2. The liquid in the water-cooled interlayer 14 is transported to the inside of the conical distributing block 24 through the water pipe 27. At this time, the water pump 16 increases the power to accelerate the flow rate of the liquid in the water-cooled interlayer 14 and the conical distributing block 24. The high-pressure nozzle 26 is provided with a closing valve. At this time, the closing valve of the high-pressure nozzle 26 is closed. Due to the increase of the flow rate, the water flow in the conical distributing block 24 drives the water wheel 38 to rotate. The water wheel 38 rotates and drives the vibrating rod 39 to vibrate. The vibration of the vibrating rod 39 causes the shell of the conical distributing block 24 to vibrate, thereby strengthening the dispersion of the residue by the conical distributing block 24. After the residue completely enters the water-cooled slag discharge tank 2, the closing valve of the high-pressure nozzle 26 is opened. The liquid in the conical distributing block 24 is sprayed out from the bottom high-pressure nozzle 26 to cool the residue. The sprayed liquid and the residue are mixed to form a slurry, thereby increasing the flowability of the residue.

[0026] A furnace bottom slag discharge port 28 is arranged at the center position of the bottom of the water-cooled slag discharge tank 2. The furnace bottom slag discharge port 28 is connected with a screw slag discharger 29 through a pipeline. One end of the screw slag discharger 29 is provided with a slag discharge port 30. A valve is arranged between the furnace bottom slag discharge port 28 and the pipeline. The residue falls into the bottom of the water-cooled slag discharge tank 2. The valve between the furnace bottom slag discharge port 28 and the pipeline is closed. After the residue is completely cooled, the valve is opened. The residue enters the screw slag discharger 29 through the furnace bottom slag discharge port 28, and is finally discharged from the slag discharge port 30, thereby completing the waste cleaning.

[0027] The water-cooled interlayer 14 is connected with the water pump 16 through a water outlet pipeline 15. A support frame 18 is arranged below the water pump 16. The water pump 16 is connected with a heat exchanger 19 through a heat exchanger inlet pipeline 17. A heat exchanger support 20 is arranged below the heat exchanger 19. The heat exchanger 19 is connected with the water-cooled interlayer 14 through an inlet pipeline 21. After absorbing heat, the liquid in the water-cooled interlayer 14 enters the water pump 16 through the water outlet pipeline 15, enters the heat exchanger 19 through the heat exchanger inlet pipeline 17 for cooling, and then returns to the water-cooled interlayer 14 through the inlet pipeline 21, thereby forming a circulating cooling.

[0028] The gasification furnace body 1 is provided with a cyclone dust removal device outside, the cyclone dust removal device includes a gas outlet pipeline 31, one end of the gas outlet pipeline 31 is connected with the gasification furnace body 1, the other end of the gas outlet pipeline 31 is connected with a cyclone separator 32, a collecting box 36 is arranged below the cyclone separator 32, the cyclone separator 32 is connected with a fan 34 through a fan pipeline 33, the fan 34 is provided with a fan air outlet 35 on one side, the combustible fuel gas generated by combustion enters the cyclone dust removal device through the gas outlet pipeline 31, under the action of centrifugal force of the cyclone separator 32, solid particles in the combustible fuel gas are separated out and fall into the collecting box 36 below, the purified combustible fuel gas enters the fan 34 through the fan pipeline 33 and is finally discharged from the fan air outlet 35.

[0029] The gasification furnace body 1 is connected with the flange of the water-cooled slag discharge cabin 2 arranged below, and the gasification furnace body 1 and the water-cooled slag discharge cabin 2 are connected through a nut 11, so that the equipment is convenient to maintain and replace.

[0030] The gasification furnace body 1 is connected with a supporting leg 37, and the supporting leg 37 increases the stability of the structure of the gasification furnace body 1.

[0031] Working principle of the present application: The biomass raw material enters the furnace from the feed inlet 8 at the upper end of the gasification furnace body 1, the two symmetrical heating blocks 10 installed on the inner wall of the gasification furnace body 1 start to work to provide the heat required for pyrolysis and gasification of the biomass, and the temperature sensor 9 at the upper end of the inner wall monitors the temperature in the furnace in real time and displays on the control panel, so that the biomass raw material can be completely incinerated.

[0032] Air enters the furnace from the air inlet 3 at the center part of the gasification furnace body 1, and a series of reactions such as oxidation and reduction occur between the air and the biomass raw material at high temperature to generate combustible fuel gas. After the combustion of the biomass raw material is completed, the acoustic dust cleaning device at the upper part of the gasification furnace body 1 plays a role, the acoustic dust cleaner 4 is limited by the limiting block 6 to clean the inner wall of the gasification furnace body 1, so that the dust adhesion does not affect the reaction efficiency, and the casing 5 and the fixed plate 7 provide installation and fixing support for the acoustic dust cleaner 4.

[0033] The residue after the biomass principle combustion is discharged from the furnace through the residue discharge port 22, enters the water-cooled residue discharge cabin 2 through the residue discharge cone barrel 23, falls on the conical distributing block 24 in the water-cooled residue discharge cabin 2, and the liquid in the water-cooled layer 14 is delivered to the inside of the conical distributing block 24 through the water pipe 27. At this time, the water pump 16 increases the power to accelerate the flow rate of the liquid in the water-cooled layer 14 and the conical distributing block 24. At this time, the high-pressure nozzle 26 is in a closed state. Due to the increase of the flow rate, the water flow in the conical distributing block 24 drives the water wheel 38 to rotate, the water wheel 38 rotates to drive the vibration rod 39 to vibrate, the vibration of the vibration rod 39 makes the shell of the conical distributing block 24 vibrate, and the dispersion of the conical distributing block 24 to the residue is strengthened. After the residue completely enters the water-cooled residue discharge cabin 2, the liquid in the conical distributing block 24 is sprayed out from the bottom high-pressure nozzle 26 to cool and treat the residue, increase the flowability of the residue, and the cooled residue falls into the bottom of the water-cooled residue discharge cabin 2, enters the screw residue discharger 29 through the furnace bottom residue discharge port 28, and is finally discharged from the residue discharge port 30 to complete the waste cleaning.

[0034] The liquid in the water-cooled layer 14 is cooled after absorbing heat, enters the water pump 16 through the water outlet pipe 15, enters the heat exchanger 19 for cooling through the heat exchanger inlet pipe 17, and returns to the water-cooled layer 14 through the inlet pipe 21 to form a circulating cooling.

[0035] The combustible gas generated by combustion enters the cyclone dust removal device through the gas outlet pipe 31, and the solid particles in the combustible gas are separated out under the action of the centrifugal force of the cyclone separator 32 and fall into the collection box 36 below. The purified combustible gas enters the fan 34 through the fan pipe 33 and is finally discharged from the fan air outlet 35.

[0036] It is apparent for those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, but can be implemented in other concrete forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present application. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the present application being defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended to embrace all changes and modifications that fall within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claims to which they belong.

Claims

1. A biomass gasifier having a waste cleaning function, characterized by: The gasification furnace comprises a gasification furnace body (1), a water-cooled slag discharge cabin (2) and a heat exchange device, the inner wall of the gasification furnace body (1) is provided with two symmetrically installed heating blocks (10), the cabin wall of the water-cooled slag discharge cabin (2) is provided with a water-cooled interlayer (14), the heat exchange device cools the liquid inside the water-cooled interlayer (14) and makes the liquid inside the water-cooled interlayer (14) circulate, and the bottom of the water-cooled slag discharge cabin (2) is provided with a screw slag discharger (29).

2. The biomass gasification furnace with waste cleaning function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper portion of the gasification furnace body (1) is provided with a sound wave ash removal device, the sound wave ash removal device comprises a sound wave ash remover (4), the sound wave ash remover (4) is externally provided with a machine shell (5), the machine shell (5) is connected with the gasification furnace body (1), the top of the machine shell (5) is provided with a fixing plate (7), the center portion of the fixing plate (7) is provided with a limiting block (6), and the limiting block (6) is connected with the sound wave ash remover (4).

3. The biomass gasification furnace with waste cleaning function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the outer surface of the gasification furnace body (1) is provided with a feeding port (8), the upper end of the inner wall of the gasification furnace body (1) is provided with a temperature sensor (9), the center portion of the outer surface of the gasification furnace body (1) is provided with an air inlet (3), and the bottom of the gasification furnace body (1) is provided with a furnace body slag discharge port (22).

4. The biomass gasification furnace with waste cleaning function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gasification furnace body (1) is connected with the flange of the water-cooled slag discharge cabin (2) arranged below, and the gasification furnace body (1) and the water-cooled slag discharge cabin (2) are connected through a nut (11).

5. The biomass gasification furnace with waste cleaning function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the gasification furnace body (1) is provided with a cyclone dust removal device, the cyclone dust removal device comprises an air outlet pipeline (31), one end of the air outlet pipeline (31) is connected with the gasification furnace body (1), the other end of the air outlet pipeline (31) is connected with a cyclone separator (32), a collecting box (36) is arranged below the cyclone separator (32), the cyclone separator (32) is connected with a fan (34) through a fan pipeline (33), and one side of the fan (34) is provided with a fan air outlet (35).

6. The biomass gasification furnace with waste cleaning function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water-cooled slag discharge cabin (2) is of a modular quick-release structure, the inside of the water-cooled slag discharge cabin (2) is provided with a conical distribution block (24), the conical distribution block (24) is connected with the water-cooled slag discharge cabin (2) through a connecting plate (25), the water-cooled slag discharge cabin (2) is provided with a slag discharge conical barrel (23), the slag discharge conical barrel (23) is located above the conical distribution block (24), the bottom of the conical distribution block (24) is connected with the water-cooled interlayer (14) through a water pipe (27), a water wheel (38) is arranged at the center position of the conical distribution block (24), a vibrating rod (39) is arranged at the upper end in the conical distribution block (24), and a high-pressure nozzle (26) is arranged at the bottom of the conical distribution block (24).

7. The biomass gasification furnace with waste cleaning function according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom center position of the water-cooled slag discharge cabin (2) is provided with a furnace bottom slag discharge port (28), the furnace bottom slag discharge port (28) is connected with the screw slag discharger (29) through a pipeline, and one end of the screw slag discharger (29) is provided with a slag discharge port (30).

8. The biomass gasification furnace with waste cleaning function according to claim 6, characterized in that: The water cooling interlayer (14) is connected with a water pump (16) through a water outlet pipeline (15), a support frame (18) is arranged below the water pump (16), the water pump (16) is connected with a heat exchanger (19) through a heat exchanger water inlet pipeline (17), a heat exchanger support frame (20) is arranged below the heat exchanger (19), and the heat exchanger (19) is connected with the water cooling interlayer (14) through a water inlet pipeline (21).

9. The biomass gasification furnace with waste cleaning function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gasification furnace body (1) is connected with supporting legs (37).

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