Long-acting lubricating method for forming transition metal sulfide on surface in situ

Abstract

The invention provides a long-acting lubricating method for forming transition metal sulfide on the surface in situ, and belongs to the technical field of friction chemical synthesis and lubrication. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing an active sulfur-containing hydrogen bond donor with a hydrogen bond acceptor to obtain a sulfur-containing eutectic solvent; a sliding friction pair is formed by a substrate material and a pair, the sulfur-containing eutectic solvent is added to a contact area of the sliding friction pair and reaches an immersed state, friction is carried out, and the substrate material contains transition metal elements. Based on a friction chemical reaction mechanism, a sulfur-containing eutectic solvent is used as an active sulfur source, and stress and heat of a friction interface are utilized to develop a system for carrying out in-situ vulcanization reaction on the surface containing transition metal elements to generate transition metal sulfide with a lubricating property; the problem of performance degradation caused by friction loss and difficulty in supplement of transition metal sulfides such as molybdenum disulfide and tungsten disulfide in the use process of the traditional lubricant is solved, and the service life of a lubricating system is greatly prolonged.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of tribological chemistry synthesis and lubrication technology, and particularly relates to a long-acting lubrication method for in-situ forming transition metal sulfide on surface. BACKGROUND

[0002] Tribological chemistry is an interdisciplinary subject of chemical synthesis and tribology. In the process of collision and friction shear, in addition to the flash temperature caused by the contact of surface micro-convex and concave, the fresh substrate surface exposed to stress causes lattice distortion and has greatly improved chemical activity. At the same time, due to the existence of various mechanical stresses including pressure and shear force, the high pressure generated by local high mechanical stress can also directly act on the reactant molecules to cause the change of chemical potential energy surface, and the introduction of mechanical energy reduces the activation energy, so that the chemical reaction no longer follows the reaction mechanism based on thermodynamics, and the reactant molecules only need to overcome a smaller chemical reaction barrier to form a local high-energy state and then transform into a product, ultimately showing a faster chemical reaction rate and special reaction selectivity. The reaction products that cannot be obtained based on thermal chemical process under the same temperature conditions can be prepared by tribological chemical reaction.

[0003] Transition metal sulfide represented by molybdenum disulfide and tungsten disulfide is a widely used high-performance solid lubricant. Due to its poor dispersibility in lubricating fluid, it is mainly used in the form of solid lubricating coating. At present, the main means for preparing solid lubricating coating are physical vapor deposition, chemical vapor deposition and bonding technology. These technical means depend on expensive and precise synthesis equipment, and the whole preparation process is time-consuming and energy-consuming, and the generation of sulfur-containing waste is also inevitable. Moreover, the hardness of the transition metal sulfide solid lubricating coating itself is small, and it is lost with friction and wear during use, resulting in a significant deterioration and failure of performance. Therefore, the transition metal sulfide solid lubricating coating has always had the problems of limited service life and difficulty in repairing after loss. If the low friction state is to be maintained, the entire moving part has to be frequently disassembled and replaced, which brings the problems of low use efficiency, time-consuming and laborious maintenance process and high cost. In summary, according to the interface design theory of in-situ generation, it is of great significance to develop new lubrication methods and technologies. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the purpose of the present application is to provide a long-acting lubrication method for in-situ forming transition metal sulfide on surface. The present application uses a sulfur-containing eutectic solvent with tribological chemical activity as a lubricating fluid, and in-situ forms transition metal sulfide with excellent lubrication performance on the surface of a substrate material containing a transition metal element through a tribological chemical reaction, without the need for external supplementation, thereby meeting the requirements of continuous lubrication of the friction interface.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the application, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The application provides a long-acting lubrication method for forming transition metal sulfide in situ on a surface, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Mixing an active sulfur-containing hydrogen bond donor with a hydrogen bond acceptor to obtain a sulfur-containing deep eutectic solvent;

[0008] Forming a sliding friction pair by combining a base material with a counterpart, adding the sulfur-containing deep eutectic solvent to a contact area of the sliding friction pair to reach a submerged state, and performing friction, wherein the base material contains a transition metal element.

[0009] Preferably, the sulfur-containing deep eutectic solvent comprises the following components in terms of molar percentage: 40-80% of the active sulfur-containing hydrogen bond donor, and 20-60% of the hydrogen bond acceptor.

[0010] Preferably, the active sulfur-containing hydrogen bond donor comprises one or more of thioacetamide, thiourea, thiaminocarboxylic acid, methionine, cysteine and 2-mercaptonicotinic acid.

[0011] Preferably, the hydrogen bond acceptor comprises one or more of betaine, proline and polyethylene glycol.

[0012] Preferably, the transition metal element comprises molybdenum and / or tungsten.

[0013] Preferably, the mass fraction of the transition metal element in the base material is 30-100%.

[0014] Preferably, the material of the counterpart comprises metal and / or ceramic.

[0015] Preferably, the metal comprises one or more of GCr15 steel, TZM alloy, TZC alloy, Mo-30W alloy, Mo, W and 304 steel; and the ceramic comprises one or more of Si3N4, ZrO2 and SiC.

[0016] Preferably, the friction is one or more of point contact, line contact and surface contact.

[0017] Preferably, the load of the friction is 1-1000 N, and the sliding speed is 0.05-30 cm / s.

[0018] The application provides a long-acting lubrication method for forming transition metal sulfide in situ on a surface, comprising the following steps: mixing an active sulfur-containing hydrogen bond donor with a hydrogen bond acceptor to obtain a sulfur-containing deep eutectic solvent; forming a sliding friction pair by combining a base material with a counterpart, adding the sulfur-containing deep eutectic solvent to a contact area of the sliding friction pair to reach a submerged state, and performing friction, wherein the base material contains a transition metal element.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The application forms transition metal sulfide with excellent lubricating performance in-situ on the surface of a substrate material containing transition metal elements by tribological chemical reaction using a sulfur-containing eutectic solvent with tribological chemical activity as a lubricating fluid, without external supplement, to meet the requirement of continuous lubrication of the friction interface, compared with the conventional application form of lubricating coating, the in-situ generation system of transition metal sulfide provided by the application can adapt to complex and changeable working conditions, solve the problems of irreversible damage caused by friction loss and lubrication failure in a short period, the in-situ formed transition metal sulfide can continuously repair and supplement in the friction interface area, has excellent tribological performance, and realizes continuous and long-acting lubrication of the friction interface.

[0021] Further, since the eutectic solvent has a certain viscosity, it is a fluid with a certain lubricating capacity, and the application takes advantage of the adjustable composition and wide selection range of components to realize in-situ generation of molybdenum disulfide or tungsten disulfide on the surface of a substrate material containing transition metal molybdenum or tungsten elements, which has important practical application value in energy saving and emission reduction and prolonging the lubrication life of mechanical equipment.

[0022] Moreover, the process of the application is simple and easy to operate, the raw materials are easy to obtain, the cost is low, and the applicability is strong. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 The photos of the eutectic solvents of Examples 1-2 are shown in the following table:

[0024] Figure 2 The curves of the friction coefficient with time of the eutectic solvents of Examples 1-2 under the lubrication of betaine / thioacetamide eutectic solvent and betaine / thiourea eutectic solvent on a molybdenum substrate are shown in the following table:

[0025] Figure 3 The Raman test spectra of the eutectic solvents of Examples 1 and 2 under the lubrication of betaine / thioacetamide eutectic solvent and betaine / thiourea eutectic solvent on a molybdenum substrate are shown in the following table:

[0026] Figure 4 The photos of the eutectic solvents of Examples 2 and 4 and Comparative Example 1 are shown in the following table:

[0027] Figure 5 The curves of the friction coefficient with time of the eutectic solvents of Comparative Example 1 and Example 2 under the lubrication of betaine / urea eutectic solvent and betaine / thiourea eutectic solvent on a molybdenum substrate are shown in the following table:

[0028] Figure 6 The average friction coefficients of the eutectic solvents of Comparative Example 1 and Example 2 under the lubrication of betaine / urea eutectic solvent and betaine / thiourea eutectic solvent on a molybdenum substrate are shown in the following table:

[0029] Figure 7Raman spectra of wear tracks of Comparative Example 1, Example 2 on molybdenum substrate, respectively lubricated with betaine / urea deep eutectic solvent, betaine / thiourea deep eutectic solvent;

[0030] Figure 8 Friction coefficient vs. time curves of Comparative Example 2, Example 3 on molybdenum trioxide substrate, respectively lubricated with betaine / urea deep eutectic solvent, betaine / thiourea deep eutectic solvent;

[0031] Figure 9 Average friction coefficient of Comparative Example 2, Example 3 on molybdenum trioxide substrate, respectively lubricated with betaine / urea deep eutectic solvent, betaine / thiourea deep eutectic solvent;

[0032] Figure 10 Raman spectra of wear tracks of Comparative Example 2, Example 3 on molybdenum trioxide substrate, respectively lubricated with betaine / urea deep eutectic solvent, betaine / thiourea deep eutectic solvent;

[0033] Figure 11 Energy dispersive X-ray mapping of wear tracks of Example 3 on molybdenum trioxide substrate, lubricated with betaine / thiourea deep eutectic solvent;

[0034] Figure 12 Friction coefficient vs. time curves of Comparative Example 3, Example 4 on molybdenum substrate, respectively lubricated with polyethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol / thiourea deep eutectic solvent;

[0035] Figure 13 Average friction coefficient of Comparative Example 3, Example 4 on molybdenum substrate, respectively lubricated with polyethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol / thiourea deep eutectic solvent;

[0036] Figure 14 Raman spectra of wear tracks of Comparative Example 3, Example 4 on molybdenum substrate, respectively lubricated with polyethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol / thiourea deep eutectic solvent;

[0037] Figure 15 Friction coefficient vs. time curves of Comparative Example 4, Example 5 on tungsten substrate, respectively lubricated with polyethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol / thiourea deep eutectic solvent;

[0038] Figure 16 Average friction coefficient of Comparative Example 4, Example 5 on tungsten substrate, respectively lubricated with polyethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol / thiourea deep eutectic solvent;

[0039] Figure 17 Raman spectra of wear tracks of Comparative Example 4, Example 5 on tungsten substrate, respectively lubricated with polyethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol / thiourea deep eutectic solvent. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The application provides a long-acting lubrication method for in-situ forming transition metal sulfide on a surface, comprising the following steps:

[0041] Mixing an active sulfur-containing hydrogen bond donor with a hydrogen bond acceptor to obtain a sulfur-containing deep eutectic solvent;

[0042] Forming a sliding friction pair by combining a substrate material with a counter material, adding the sulfur-containing deep eutectic solvent to a contact area of the sliding friction pair to reach a submerged state, and performing friction, wherein the substrate material contains a transition metal element.

[0043] In the application, the raw materials used are commercially available products in the art unless otherwise specified.

[0044] The application mixes an active sulfur-containing hydrogen bond donor with a hydrogen bond acceptor to obtain a sulfur-containing deep eutectic solvent.

[0045] In the application, the sulfur-containing deep eutectic solvent preferably comprises the following components in terms of molar percentage: 40-80% of an active sulfur-containing hydrogen bond donor, specifically 40%, 50%, 60%, 70% or 80%, and 20-60% of a hydrogen bond acceptor, specifically 20%, 30%, 40%, 50% or 60%. In a specific embodiment of the application, the molar ratio of the hydrogen bond acceptor to the active sulfur-containing hydrogen bond donor is preferably 1:1 or 1:2.

[0046] In the application, the active sulfur-containing hydrogen bond donor preferably comprises one or more of thioacetamide, thiourea, thiocarbamic acid, methionine, cysteine and 2-mercaptonicotinic acid.

[0047] In the application, the hydrogen bond acceptor preferably comprises one or more of betaine, proline and polyethylene glycol.

[0048] In the application, the mixing is preferably performed at a temperature of 130-150°C, specifically 130°C, 140°C or 150°C, for a time of 0.5-3h, specifically 0.5h, 1h, 2h or 3h, preferably under stirring, and the stirring speed is preferably 400rpm.

[0049] In the application, the transition metal element preferably comprises molybdenum and / or tungsten.

[0050] In the application, the mass fraction of the transition metal element in the substrate material is preferably 30-100%, specifically 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 80%, 90% or 100%.

[0051] In the application, the substrate material preferably comprises an inorganic metal material or an inorganic non-metal material, and the application does not have special limitations on the types of the inorganic metal material or the inorganic non-metal material.

[0052] In the present application, the base material preferably comprises a pretreatment before use, the pretreatment comprising a step-by-step polishing and polishing in sequence.

[0053] In the present application, the step-by-step polishing preferably comprises using 240 mesh, 400 mesh, 600 mesh, 800 mesh, 1200 mesh, 1500 mesh, 2000 mesh and 2500 mesh sandpaper respectively.

[0054] In the present application, the polishing preferably comprises polishing the base material obtained by step-by-step polishing on a polishing cloth using 10000 mesh diamond polishing paste to obtain a mirror-polished base material.

[0055] After the polishing is completed, the present application preferably further comprises performing thermal oxidation to form a transition metal oxide.

[0056] In the present application, the temperature of the thermal oxidation is preferably 500℃, and the time is preferably 3-6h, and can be specifically 3h, 4h, 5h or 6h.

[0057] In the present application, the thermal oxidation is preferably performed in a muffle furnace.

[0058] In the present application, the transition metal oxide preferably comprises molybdenum trioxide and / or tungsten trioxide.

[0059] In the present application, the material of the counterpart preferably comprises metal and / or ceramic.

[0060] In the present application, the metal preferably comprises one or more of GCr15 steel, TZM alloy, TZC alloy, Mo-30W alloy, Mo, W and 304 steel; and the ceramic preferably comprises one or more of Si3N4, ZrO2 and SiC.

[0061] In the present application, the friction preferably comprises one or more of point contact, line contact and surface contact.

[0062] In the present application, the load of the friction is preferably 1-1000N, and can be specifically 1N, 50N, 100N, 200N, 300N, 400N, 500N, 600N, 700N, 800N, 900N or 1000N, and the sliding speed is preferably 0.05-30cm / s, and can be specifically 0.05cm / s, 0.1cm / s, 1cm / s, 5cm / s, 10cm / s, 15cm / s, 20cm / s, 25cm / s or 30cm / s.

[0063] In the present application, under the action of mechanical stress and heat generated at the friction interface after the friction occurs, the chemical activity of the transition metal element-containing substrate and the sulfur-containing eutectic solvent molecules is greatly improved, the introduction of mechanical energy causes the two to react, overcomes the smaller chemical reaction barrier to form a local high-energy state and in-situ generates transition metal sulfide molybdenum disulfide or tungsten disulfide, and since the weak interaction between adjacent planes of the transition metal sulfide is easy to shear under sliding conditions, the transition metal sulfide has a lower friction coefficient. In the continuous friction process, the transition metal sulfide is continuously generated on the surface to make up for the loss caused by wear, thereby obtaining a long-acting lubrication effect.

[0064] The technical solutions in the present application will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the embodiments in the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0065] Embodiment 1

[0066] (1) Betaine and thioacetamide were weighed according to a molar ratio of 1:2, mixed and placed in a glass vial, the glass vial containing the betaine and thioacetamide mixture was placed in an oil bath, stirred at 140℃ for 0.5h, and the stirring speed was 400rpm, to obtain a transparent homogeneous betaine / thioacetamide eutectic solvent with certain viscosity.

[0067] (2) The metal molybdenum block was polished on a polishing cloth using 10000 mesh diamond polishing paste after being polished by using 240 mesh, 400 mesh, 600 mesh, 800 mesh, 1200 mesh, 1500 mesh, 2000 mesh and 2500 mesh sandpaper in sequence, to obtain a mirror-polished metal molybdenum block.

[0068] (3) The friction test was performed on an SRV-V micro-tribological wear tester. Before the test, 100μL of the betaine / thioacetamide eutectic solvent was moved to the upper surface of the metal molybdenum block, and the friction test was performed for 1h with a ceramic ball with a diameter of 10mm and a material of ZrO2 as the friction pair.

[0069] Embodiment 2

[0070] The same as embodiment 1, the only difference is that betaine and thiourea are weighed according to a molar ratio of 1:2 to obtain a transparent homogeneous betaine / thiourea eutectic solvent with certain viscosity.

[0071] Embodiment 3

[0072] Similar to Example 2, the only difference is that the obtained mirror-polished molybdenum block is transferred to a muffle furnace and thermally oxidized at 500°C for 6 hours to generate a molybdenum trioxide layer on its surface, thus obtaining a molybdenum trioxide substrate.

[0073] Example 4

[0074] Similar to Example 1, the only difference is that polyethylene glycol 400 and thiourea were weighed according to a molar ratio of 1:1, mixed and placed in a glass vial. The glass vial containing the polyethylene glycol 400 and thiourea mixture was placed in an oil bath and stirred at 60°C for 1.5 hours at a stirring speed of 400 rpm to obtain a transparent, homogeneous polyethylene glycol / thiourea eutectic solvent with a certain viscosity.

[0075] Example 5

[0076] Same as Example 4, except that the molybdenum block is replaced with a tungsten block.

[0077] Comparative Example 1

[0078] Same as Example 2, except that thiourea is replaced with urea.

[0079] Comparative Example 2

[0080] Same as Example 3, except that thiourea is replaced with urea.

[0081] Comparative Example 3

[0082] Similar to Example 4, except that the eutectic solvent was omitted and polyethylene glycol 400 was used directly as a lubricant for the friction test.

[0083] Comparative Example 4

[0084] Similar to Example 5, except that the eutectic solvent was omitted and polyethylene glycol 400 was used directly as a lubricant for the friction test.

[0085] Figure 1 The images show the eutectic solvents used in Examples 1 and 2. The betaine / thioacetamide eutectic solvent is a red liquid, while the betaine / thiourea eutectic solvent is a transparent liquid.

[0086] Figure 2 The figures for Examples 1 and 2 show the coefficient of friction versus time on a molybdenum substrate under lubrication with betaine / thioacetamide and betaine / thiourea eutectic solvents, respectively. It can be seen that the coefficients of friction under the two eutectic solvent lubrications are quite similar. Further Raman spectroscopy was performed on the wear tracks after friction in Examples 1 and 2, and the results are as follows: Figure 3 As shown, by Figure 3 It can be seen that at 414cm -1and 386m -1 The presence of a characteristic peak for molybdenum disulfide indicates that both the betaine / thioacetamide eutectic solvent and the betaine / thiourea eutectic solvent can undergo tribochemical reactions with the molybdenum substrate during the friction process, generating molybdenum disulfide in situ, thus exhibiting good tribological properties.

[0087] Figure 4 The images show the eutectic solvents used in Examples 2, 4, and Comparative Example 1, all of which are colorless and transparent liquids.

[0088] Figure 5 For Comparative Example 1 and Example 2, the curves showing the change of friction coefficient over time on a molybdenum substrate under lubrication with betaine / urea eutectic solvent and betaine / thiourea eutectic solvent, respectively, are provided. Figure 6 The average friction coefficients of Comparative Example 1 and Example 2 under betaine / urea eutectic solvent and betaine / thiourea eutectic solvent lubrication, respectively, are shown to be 43.72% lower than that of Comparative Example 1 (average friction coefficient of Comparative Example 1 is 0.26757). Raman spectroscopy was further performed on the wear tracks of Comparative Example 1 and Example 2 after friction. The test results are as follows... Figure 7 As shown, by Figure 7 It can be seen that at 414cm -1 and 386cm -1 The presence of a characteristic peak for molybdenum disulfide indicates that during the friction process, the betaine / thiourea eutectic solvent undergoes a tribochemical reaction with the molybdenum substrate, generating molybdenum disulfide in situ, thus exhibiting excellent tribological properties.

[0089] Figure 8 For Comparative Examples 2 and 3, the curves showing the change of friction coefficient over time on a molybdenum trioxide substrate under lubrication with betaine / urea eutectic solvent and betaine / thiourea eutectic solvent, respectively, are provided. Figure 9 The average friction coefficients of Comparative Example 2 and Example 3 under betaine / urea and betaine / thiourea eutectic solvent lubrication, respectively, are shown. It can be seen that compared to Comparative Example 2 (average friction coefficient of Comparative Example 2 is 0.38892), the friction coefficient of Example 3 (average friction coefficient of Example 3 is 0.1321) decreased by 66.03%. Further Raman spectroscopy tests were performed on the wear tracks of Comparative Example 2 and Example 3 after friction. The test results are as follows... Figure 10 As shown, by Figure 10 It can be seen that at 407cm -1 and 378cm -1 The presence of molybdenum disulfide characteristic peaks indicates that during the friction process, the betaine / thiourea eutectic solvent undergoes a tribochemical reaction with the molybdenum trioxide substrate, generating molybdenum disulfide in situ, thus exhibiting good tribological properties. Figure 11The energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) scan of the wear track on a molybdenum trioxide substrate under lubrication with a betaine / thiourea eutectic solvent, as shown in Example 3, reveals obvious molybdenum and sulfur enrichment signals in the wear track region, while oxygen levels decrease, indicating that molybdenum trioxide has transformed into a dense layer of molybdenum disulfide.

[0090] Figure 12 For Comparative Examples 3 and 4, the curves showing the change of friction coefficient over time on a molybdenum substrate under lubrication with polyethylene glycol 400 and polyethylene glycol / thiourea eutectic solvent, respectively, are provided. Figure 13 The average friction coefficients of Comparative Example 3 and Example 4 under polyethylene glycol 400 and polyethylene glycol / thiourea eutectic solvent lubrication, respectively, are shown. It can be seen that compared to Comparative Example 3 (average friction coefficient of Comparative Example 3 is 0.20307), the friction coefficient of Example 4 (average friction coefficient of Example 4 is 0.05676) is reduced by 72.05%. Further Raman spectroscopy tests were performed on the wear tracks of Comparative Example 3 and Example 4 after friction. The test results are as follows... Figure 14 As shown, by Figure 14 It can be seen that at 417cm -1 and 388cm -1 The presence of a characteristic peak for molybdenum disulfide indicates that during the friction process, the polyethylene glycol / thiourea eutectic solvent undergoes a tribochemical reaction with the molybdenum substrate, generating molybdenum disulfide in situ, thus exhibiting excellent tribological properties.

[0091] Figure 15 For Comparative Examples 4 and 5, the curves showing the change of friction coefficient over time on a tungsten substrate under lubrication with polyethylene glycol and polyethylene glycol / thiourea eutectic solvents, respectively, are provided. Figure 16 The average friction coefficients of Comparative Example 4 and Example 5 under polyethylene glycol 400 and polyethylene glycol / thiourea eutectic solvent lubrication, respectively, are shown. It can be seen that compared to Comparative Example 4 (average friction coefficient of Comparative Example 4 is 0.25285), the friction coefficient of Example 5 (average friction coefficient of Example 5 is 0.0606) is reduced by 76.03%, exhibiting good tribological properties. Further Raman spectroscopy tests were performed on the interfaces of Comparative Example 4 and Example 5 after friction. The test results are as follows... Figure 17 As shown, by Figure 17 It can be seen that at 424cm -1 and 361cm -1 The presence of a characteristic peak of tungsten disulfide indicates that a tribochemical reaction occurs between the eutectic solvent and the tungsten substrate during the friction process, resulting in the in-situ formation of tungsten disulfide, which exhibits excellent tribological properties.

[0092] The above merely describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and does not limit the present application in any form. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several improvements and refinements can be made without departing from the principles of the present application, and these improvements and refinements should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method of forming a long-lasting lubrication of transition metal sulfides in situ on a surface, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: mixing an active sulfur-containing hydrogen bond donor with a hydrogen bond acceptor to obtain a sulfur-containing deep eutectic solvent; composing a sliding friction pair with a substrate material and a counterpart, adding the sulfur-containing deep eutectic solvent to a contact area of the sliding friction pair to reach a submerged state, and performing friction, wherein the substrate material contains a transition metal element.

2. The long-life lubrication method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sulfur-containing deep eutectic solvent comprises the following components in terms of molar percentage: 40-80% of an active sulfur-containing hydrogen bond donor and 20-60% of a hydrogen bond acceptor.

3. The long-life lubrication method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The active sulfur-containing hydrogen bond donor comprises one or more of thioacetamide, thiourea, thiocarbamic acid, methionine, cysteine and 2-mercaptonicotinic acid.

4. The long-life lubrication method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The hydrogen bond acceptor comprises one or more of betaine, proline and polyethylene glycol.

5. The long-lasting lubricating method according to claim 1, wherein The transition metal element comprises molybdenum and / or tungsten.

6. The long-life lubrication method according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that, The mass fraction of the transition metal element in the substrate material is 30-100%.

7. The long-lasting lubricating method according to claim 1, wherein The material of the counterpart comprises metal and / or ceramic.

8. The extended lube method of claim 7, wherein, The metal comprises one or more of GCr15 steel, TZM alloy, TZC alloy, Mo-30W alloy, molybdenum, tungsten and 304 steel; and the ceramic comprises one or more of Si3N4, ZrO2 and SiC.

9. The extended lube method of claim 1 wherein, The friction is one or more of point contact, line contact and surface contact.

10. The long-life lubrication method according to claim 1 or 9, characterized in that, The load of the friction is 1-1000 N, and the sliding speed is 0.05-30 cm / s.

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