Real-time working condition judgment and depth acquisition method based on drilling parameters

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of geotechnical engineering investigation, and discloses a real-time working condition judgment and depth acquisition method based on drilling parameters. According to the method, a drilling parameter sensor is additionally arranged on a drilling machine and used for collecting parameters such as displacement, drilling speed and drilling force of an active drill rod in real time; by calculating the displacement difference of the power head and combining the displacement critical value, the drilling speed and the drilling force, the up-down moving state of the drill rod is judged, and therefore the working conditions of rotary drilling, rotary lifting, pipe screwing, pipe unloading, empty releasing, empty lifting, lowering with the rod, hovering static, hovering idling and the like are distinguished; a depth updating rule is set according to different working conditions, the drilling depth is corrected under the working condition that substantial influence is generated on the position of the drill bit, and the depth is kept unchanged under other working conditions. By means of the method, the real-time monitoring and drilling depth of drilling construction can be accurately obtained, the authenticity and reliability of exploration results are improved, and meanwhile data support is provided for researching the relation between drilling parameters and stratum soil.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of geotechnical engineering investigation, in particular to a real-time working condition judgment and depth acquisition method based on drilling parameters. BACKGROUND

[0002] Geotechnical engineering investigation drilling obtains the physical and mechanical indexes of rock and soil by drilling rock and soil samples in the ground and sending them to the laboratory for soil testing. Therefore, the quality of drilling results directly affects the safety and reliability of geotechnical engineering design. Currently, drilling often occurs "drilling depth is not enough, missing exploration holes", which brings great safety hazards to engineering design and construction. With the development of Internet of Things and sensing technology, sensors are installed on the drilling rig to measure parameters such as feed force, lifting force, drilling speed, torque, and active drill rod displacement during drilling. However, there is no clear method for real-time judgment of drilling conditions based on these parameters.

[0003] Traditional drilling depth perception often relies on manual statistical drilling rod quantity to estimate footage. This method has poor accuracy. Even though high degree of automation drilling rig can real-time collect active drill rod displacement parameters, drilling conditions involve "empty lifting, empty placing, pipe twisting, lowering drilling, lifting pipe, and pipe removal". Although CN 116950646A proposes a drilling depth acquisition method based on drilling parameters of a full-hydraulic drilling rig, this method is based on "pump capacity, speed, torque, and drilling pressure" to judge the effective displacement of a drilling process, but it cannot judge the working condition during drilling. Therefore, this patent proposes a depth calculation method based on real-time judgment of working conditions. SUMMARY

[0004] To overcome the defects of the prior art, a real-time working condition judgment and depth acquisition method based on drilling parameters is provided. This method uses real-time sensing parameters such as drilling force, drilling speed, torque, and active drill rod displacement during drilling to immediately judge the drilling condition, and then constructs a drilling depth calculation method based on real-time judgment of drilling conditions. This method realizes dynamic supervision of drilling construction and facilitates the establishment of a "drilling parameter-depth" relationship, laying a foundation for further research on the relationship between drilling and soil properties. The specific scheme is as follows:

[0005] A real-time working condition judgment and depth acquisition method based on drilling parameters, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1, installing a drilling parameter sensor on the drilling rig to real-time collect active drill rod displacement S i , drilling speed r i , and drilling force absolute value F i . When the drilling force F i is positive, it is the down pressure of the drill rod. When the drilling force F i is negative, it is the lifting force of the drill rod (for simplicity and ease of understanding, the drilling force F i and the critical value F c in the following text are positive values, and the drilling force F i is the down pressure of the drill rod, and the drilling force F c is the lifting force of the drill rod).cri The numerical judgment is compared in absolute value;

[0007] S2, according to the current acquisition of the active drill pipe displacement value S i and the previous displacement value S i-1 Calculate the displacement difference △S i = S i - S i-1 ;

[0008] S3, when △S i < 0, judge the active drill pipe to move down, combined with △S i and the critical value △S cri , drilling speed r i , drilling force F i Determine the working condition, get the pipe, rotary drilling, empty or with rod down the working condition, the critical value △S cri is the width of the drill pipe joint thread;

[0009] S4, when △S i = 0, combined with the drilling speed r i The working condition is judged to be suspended static or suspended idle;

[0010] S5, when △S i > 0, judge the active drill pipe to move up, combined with △S i and the critical value △S cri , drilling speed r i , drilling force F i Determine the working condition, get the pipe, rotary up, empty or with rod up the working condition;

[0011] S6, combine the working condition obtained by judging with the displacement difference △S i , according to the following rules to get the current drilling depth H i :

[0012] S61, when the working condition is active drill pipe with rod down, active drill pipe with rod empty, rotary drilling, rotary up, H i = H i-1 - △S i , H i-1 is the previous depth;

[0013] S62, when the working condition is suspended static, suspended idle, active drill pipe empty, active drill pipe empty, pipe, pipe, H i = H i-1 .

[0014] Further, when △S i < 0, the following determination steps are carried out:

[0015] S31, determine △S i>-△S cri r i >0, F i <F cri If both conditions are met, it indicates a pipe tightening operation. (F) cri The absolute value of the critical drilling force;

[0016] If △S i >-△S cri Establishment, r i >0 are all true and F i <F cri This condition is invalid, indicating a rotary drilling operation.

[0017] If △S i >-△S cri Established and r i >0 is not true, continue to judge F i Does F = 0 hold true? i =0 indicates the active drill pipe idling condition, if F i =0 indicates an active drill pipe lowering operation.

[0018] S32, if △S i >-△S cri If not, continue to evaluate r in turn. i >0, F i Is the expression = 0 true?

[0019] If r i >0, F i =0 is true for all values, indicating an active drill pipe idling condition.

[0020] If r i >0 is true, F i =0 is not true, indicating rotary drilling operation.

[0021] If r i >0 is not true, F i = 0 indicates an active drill pipe idling condition.

[0022] If r i >0, F i =0 is not true, indicating the active drill pipe lowering condition.

[0023] Furthermore, when △S i When = 0, the following determination steps are performed:

[0024] Determine r i Does r = 0 hold true? i =0 indicates a hovering and stationary condition; if r i =0 indicates a hovering, idle condition.

[0025] Furthermore, in step S5, when △S i When the value is greater than 0, the following determination steps are performed:

[0026] 1) Determine △S in sequence i <△S cri r i >0, F i <F cri Is it true or false?

[0027] If △S i <△S cri r i >0, F i <F cri All of these indicate the pipe unloading condition;

[0028] If △S i <△S cri r i >0 are all true and F i <F cri This condition is not valid, indicating a rotating and lifting operation.

[0029] If △S i <△S cri Established and r i >0 is not true, continue to judge F i Does F = 0 hold true? i =0 indicates an active drill pipe lifting condition; if F i =0 is not true, indicating an active drill pipe lifting operation.

[0030] 2) If △S i <△S cri If not, continue to evaluate r in turn. i >0, F i Is the expression = 0 true?

[0031] If r i >0, F i =0 indicates an active drill pipe lifting operation.

[0032] If r i >0 holds and F i =0 is not true, indicating a rotating and lifting operation.

[0033] If r i >0, F i =0 is not true, indicating an active drill pipe lifting operation;

[0034] If r i >0 is not true, F i =0 indicates an active drill pipe lifting operation.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0036] 1. High real-time and accuracy: The present application collects parameters such as the displacement of the main drill rod, drilling speed and drilling force in real time by installing sensors on the drilling machine, and discriminates the working conditions in combination with the critical value, thereby realizing the instant recognition of the drilling state. This method avoids relying on manual statistics of the number of drill rods, significantly improves the real-time and accuracy of the drilling depth acquisition, and reduces the error caused by human factors.

[0037] 2. Fine and comprehensive working condition discrimination: The present application can distinguish various typical working conditions such as rotary drilling, rotary lifting, pipe twisting, pipe unloading, emptying, empty lifting, rod lowering, hovering and hovering, and sets different judgment criteria for different working conditions. This scheme covers the main operating states in the drilling process, ensuring the reliability of working condition recognition.

[0038] 3. Reasonable and reliable depth calculation: The present application determines whether to update the drilling depth according to the working condition discrimination result, and only corrects the depth in working conditions such as rod lowering, rotary drilling and rotary lifting which have substantial influence on the position of the drill bit, and keeps the depth unchanged in other working conditions, thereby avoiding cumulative error and improving the accuracy of drilling depth calculation.

[0039] 4. Effective prevention of false records: The present application realizes dynamic monitoring of the drilling process, can timely find false behaviors such as false reporting of depth, insufficient footage and omission of drill holes, forms a process constraint on drilling construction, helps to ensure the authenticity and reliability of geotechnical investigation results, and thus improves the safety of engineering design and construction.

[0040] 5. High value of promotion and application: The present application establishes a dynamic correspondence between drilling parameters, working conditions and drilling depth, which can not only be applied to real-time supervision of the drilling process, but also provide data support for subsequent research on the relationship between drilling parameters and stratum soil properties, and has strong value of promotion and application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0041] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0042] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of a real-time working condition judgment criterion based on drilling parameters. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention can be practiced without one or more of these details. In other instances, certain technical features well-known in the art have not been described in order to avoid obscuring the invention.

[0044] To fully understand this invention, detailed steps and structures will be presented in the following description to illustrate the technical solution of this invention. Preferred embodiments of the invention are described in detail below; however, in addition to these detailed descriptions, the invention may have other embodiments.

[0045] Reference Figure 1 As shown, this invention provides a method for real-time condition judgment and depth acquisition based on drilling parameters, including the following steps:

[0046] S1. Install drilling parameter sensors on the drilling rig to collect the real-time displacement S of the active drill rod. i Drilling speed r i and drilling force F i Drilling force F i When it is positive, it represents the downward pressure on the drill pipe, and the drilling force F. i When the value is negative, it represents the drill pipe lifting force. Specifically, when the active drill pipe is at its highest point, S... i Maximum, and minimum; when the drilling force is positive, it is the downward pressure on the drill pipe, and when it is negative, it is the pulling force on the drill pipe. (For simplicity and ease of understanding, the drilling force F will be referred to as such in the following text.) i and critical value F cri Numerical comparisons are based on absolute values.

[0047] S2. After obtaining the active drill pipe displacement, the displacement difference of the active drill pipe movement is first calculated. The displacement difference is calculated using the currently sensed active drill pipe displacement value S. i Compared with the previously sensed active drill pipe displacement value S i-1 The difference △S i , △S i =S i -S i-1 Among them, the preceding displacement S i-1 This refers to the previous power head displacement S in the drilling rig's automatically acquired parameters. i-1 Corresponding to this is the current displacement S of the power head. i The difference between the two values ​​represents the displacement difference within this time period.

[0048] S3, when △S i When <0, it is determined that the active drill pipe moves downward, combined with ΔS i With the critical value ΔS cri Drilling speed r i Drilling force F iThe working conditions are determined by identifying the pipe tightening, rotary drilling, descent, or rod lowering conditions, with the critical value ΔS as the threshold value. cri This refers to the width of the drill pipe joint thread. Generally, during the process of the power head tightening the drill pipe, the lower part of the drill pipe clamp will not shift. The rotation of the power head and any small displacement will not exceed the spacing of one drill pipe thread, i.e., ΔS. cri When △S i When the value is less than 0, it is determined that the active drill pipe has moved downwards. Further, it is determined whether the displacement difference of the active drill pipe moving downwards is less than the critical value ΔS. cri This is used to determine whether the active drill pipe is screwed onto the drill pipe, and further, when △S i >-△S cri At that time, an initial assessment is made as to whether the active drill pipe is rotating. Further, when r... i When the value is greater than 0, a preliminary assessment is made as to whether the drilling force exceeds the critical value F. cri This is used to determine whether the active drill pipe has undergone light pressure bonding. When F i <F cri At that time, the final judgment was that it was a case of tightening the pipe; when F i ≥F cri At that time, it was ultimately determined to be rotary drilling. When r i When = 0, the initial judgment is F i Whether it is 0, i.e., whether the active drill pipe end is connected to the drill pipe. When F i When F = 0, the final judgment is that the active drill pipe is left unloaded; when F i When the value is not equal to 0, the final determination is that the drill pipe is lowered with the rod attached. cri The determination depends on the working performance of the drilling rig and the state of the drill pipe loading and unloading, and needs to be based on the on-site loading and unloading of the drill pipe and the drilling rig test calibration.

[0049] When △S i ≤-△S cri At that time, an initial assessment is made as to whether the active drill pipe is rotating. Further, when r... i When >0, the initial judgment is F i Whether it is 0, i.e., whether the active drill pipe end is connected to the drill pipe. When F i When F = 0, the final judgment is that the active drill pipe is left unloaded; when F i When r ≠ 0, the final determination is rotary drilling. i When = 0, the initial judgment is F i Whether it is 0, i.e., whether the active drill pipe end is connected to the drill pipe. When F i When F = 0, the final judgment is that the active drill pipe is left unloaded; when F i When the value is not equal to 0, the final judgment is that the drill pipe is lowered with the rod attached.

[0050] S4, when △S i When the value is 0, initially determine whether the active drill pipe is rotating. Combine this with the drilling speed r. i The operating condition is determined as either hovering at rest or hovering with freewheeling. When △Si = 0, the specific determination steps are as follows: determine whether r i = 0 is true, if r i = 0 is true, it indicates the hovering static working condition, if r i = 0 is not true, it indicates the hovering idle working condition.

[0051] S5, when △S i > 0, it is determined that the active drill pipe moves upward, and the working condition is determined in combination with △S i , the critical value, the drilling speed r cri , the drilling force F i , and the drilling depth H i , to obtain the pipe unloading, the rotary lifting, the idle lifting or the rod lifting working condition. Further, when △S i < △S cri , it is initially determined whether the active drill pipe rotates. Further, when r i > 0, it is initially determined whether the drilling force exceeds the critical value F cri , to determine whether the active drill pipe is lifted lightly to unload the pipe. When F i < F cri , it is finally determined as the pipe unloading; when F i ≥ F cri , it is finally determined as the rotary lifting. When r i = 0, it is initially determined whether F i = 0, that is, whether the end of the active drill pipe is connected to the drill pipe. When F i = 0, it is finally determined as the idle lifting of the active drill pipe; when F i ≠ 0, it is finally determined as the rod lifting of the active drill pipe.

[0052] When △S i ≥ △S cri , it is initially determined whether the active drill pipe rotates. Further, when r i > 0, it is initially determined whether F i = 0, that is, whether the end of the active drill pipe is connected to the drill pipe. When F i = 0, it is finally determined as the idle lifting of the active drill pipe; when F i ≠ 0, it is finally determined as the rotary lifting. When r i = 0, it is initially determined whether F i = 0, that is, whether the end of the active drill pipe is connected to the drill pipe. When F i = 0, it is finally determined as the idle lifting of the active drill pipe; when F i ≠ 0, it is finally determined as the rod lifting of the active drill pipe.

[0053] S6, the working condition obtained by the determination is combined with the displacement difference △S i , to obtain the current drilling depth H i according to the following rules:

[0054] S61, when the working condition is active drill pipe with rod lowering, active drill pipe with rod empty lifting, rotary drilling, and rotary lifting, H i = H i-1 -△S i , H i-1 is the previous depth;

[0055] S62, when the working condition is hovering static, hovering idling, active drill pipe empty lowering, active drill pipe empty lifting, pipe twisting, and pipe unloading, H i = H i-1 .

[0056] The method for obtaining the drilling depth is to identify the movement of the active drill rod and the drill bit in real time. The movement of the active drill rod and the drill bit is the working condition of "active drill pipe with rod lowering, active drill pipe with rod empty lifting, rotary drilling, and rotary lifting". The displacement difference △S i influences the previous depth H i-1 in turn, and is taken as the current depth H i (H i = H i-1 -△S i . Note that when △S i < 0, the displacement of the active drill rod is downward. The working conditions such as "hovering static, hovering idling, active drill pipe empty lowering, active drill pipe empty lifting, pipe twisting, and pipe unloading" do not affect the position of the drill bit, and the current depth H i is consistent with the previous depth H i-1 (H i = H i-1 ).

[0057] Drilling mode Depth calculation Hover stationary H i =H i-1 ]]> Hover idle H i =H i-1 ]]> Active pipe off H i =H i-1 ]]> Active pipe up H i =H i-1 ]]> Pipe screwing H i =H i-1 ]]> Pipe unscrewing H i =H i-1 <!-- 4 -->]]> Active pipe with rod off H i =H i-1 -△S i ]]> Active pipe with rod up H i =H i-1 -△S i ]]> Rotary drilling H i =H i-1 -△S i ]]> Rotary up H i =H i-1 -△S i ]]>

[0058] The preferred embodiments of the present application are described above. It should be understood that the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that the devices and structures not described in detail should be understood as being implemented in the ordinary way in the art; any person skilled in the art can make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solutions of the present application, or modify them into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, without departing from the scope of the technical solutions of the present application, which does not affect the essential content of the present application. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change, and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present application, without departing from the content of the technical solutions of the present application, still belongs to the scope of protection of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for real-time working condition judgment and depth acquisition based on drilling parameters, characterized in that, comprising the steps of: S1, installing drilling parameter sensors on the rig for real-time collection of the active drill pipe displacement S i , the drilling speed r i , and the absolute value of the drilling force F i , the drilling force F i is positive when it is the drill pipe down pressure, and the drilling force F i is negative when it is the drill pipe lifting force; S2, the current acquired active drill pipe displacement S i the previous displacement S i-1 the displacement difference ΔS i = S i - S i-1 ; S3, when △S i <0, it is judged that the active drill pipe moves downward, combined with △S i and the critical value △S cri , the drilling speed r i , the drilling force F i , the working condition is distinguished, and the pipe twisting, rotary drilling, emptying or rod lowering working condition is obtained, and the critical value △S cri is the width of the drill pipe joint thread; S4, when △S i = 0, combine the drilling speed r i determine the working condition as hovering static or hovering idle; S5, when ΔS i > 0, it is determined that the active drill pipe moves upward, combined with ΔS i and the critical value ΔS cri , the drilling speed r i , the drilling force F i , the working condition is distinguished, and the pipe unloading, rotary lifting, empty lifting or rod lifting working condition is obtained; S6, the working condition obtained by the discrimination is compared with the displacement difference AS i In combination, the current drilling depth H is obtained according to the following rules i : S61、when the working condition is active drill pipe with rod lowering, active drill pipe with rod lifting, rotary drilling, and rotary lifting, H i = H i-1 -△S i , H i-1 is the previous depth; S62、When the working condition is hovering static, hovering idling, active pipe-off, active pipe-up, pipe twisting, pipe unloading, H i = H i-1 .

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, In step S3, when ΔS i When <0, the following determination step is performed: S31, determine if ΔS i > - ΔS cri , r i > 0, F i < F cri are all true, it means the pipe screwing condition, F cri is the absolute value of the drilling force critical value, If ΔS i > - ΔS cri are all true and F i > 0 are all true and F i < F cri is not true, which means the rotary drilling working condition. if ΔS i > - ΔS cri and r i > 0, continue to determine F i = 0, if F i = 0 indicates the active drill pipe free running condition, if F i = 0 does not indicate the active drill pipe with rod running down condition, S32, if ΔS i > - ΔS cri Not true, continue to determine r in turn i > 0, F i Is true: If r i > 0, F i = 0, it means the active drill pipe is in the free running condition, If r i > 0 holds, F i = 0 does not hold, it indicates a rotary drilling working condition, If r i > 0 is not true, F i = 0 is true, indicating a positive drill pipe free running condition, If r i > 0, F i = 0 are not true, indicating the active drill rod with rod down the line conditions.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, In step S4, when ΔS i = 0, the following determination step is performed: r i = 0 is true, if r i = 0 is true, the hover idle condition is indicated, if r i = 0 is not true, the hover run condition is indicated.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, In step S5, when ΔS i > 0, the following determination step is performed: 1) sequentially determine ΔS i < ΔS cri , r i > 0, F i < F cri whether it is true: If ΔS i < ΔS cri , r i > 0, F i < F cri are all true, it means the pipe is uninstalled. If ΔS i If ΔS cri , r i > 0 and F i < F cri , it means the rotating lifting working condition. If ΔS i If ΔS cri If ΔS i If ΔS i If ΔS i If ΔS i If ΔS 2) if ΔS i < ΔS cri is not true, continue to determine r i > 0, F i = 0 is true: If r i > 0, F i = 0 are both true, it means the active drill pipe empty lifting working condition, If r i > 0 and F i ≠ 0, it means the lifting condition of rotation, If r i > 0, F i = 0 are not true, it means the active drill rod with rod lifting working condition; If r i > 0 is not true, F i = 0 is true, which indicates a positive pipe-off condition.

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