Fly ash uniform discharge structure for horizontal flue of waste heat boiler

Abstract

The invention discloses a waste heat boiler horizontal flue fly ash uniform discharging structure, and belongs to the technical field of waste incineration power generation equipment, the waste heat boiler horizontal flue fly ash uniform discharging structure comprises an ash bin, a manhole door assembly used for being externally connected with a horizontal flue is arranged on the side face of the upper portion of the ash bin, an air hammer is arranged on each of the two sides of the lower portion of the ash bin, and a star-shaped discharging valve is arranged at the bottom of the ash bin; the top of the ash bin is communicated with a horizontal flue, a reducer union is arranged below the star-shaped discharge valve, an expansion joint is arranged below the reducer union, an elbow joint is arranged below the expansion joint, and a falling pipe is arranged below the elbow joint. Shutdown of the slag extractor caused by overload of the scraper is reduced, slurry ash blockage is reduced, the operation cycle of the slag extractor is prolonged, the ash falling rhythm is controlled, equipment damage is reduced, long-time blowing-out cleaning is avoided, the maintenance cost is reduced, dust leakage is prevented, the furnace tail environment is improved, and the requirement for environmental protection is met.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of waste incineration power generation equipment, in particular to a fly ash uniform discharging structure of a horizontal flue of a waste heat boiler. BACKGROUND

[0002] In a waste incineration power generation system, a waste heat boiler undertakes the task of recovering heat of flue gas. High-temperature flue gas enters the waste heat boiler from an incinerator, and the flue gas is guided into heat exchangers of different levels through a horizontal flue in the convection section of the boiler. In this process, part of the fly ash in the flue gas settles at the bottom of the flue due to the decrease in temperature and the decrease in speed. This part of fly ash is usually directly discharged through a tail-end slag falling shaft connected to a slag discharger, and is treated together with the slag from the tail end of the grate.

[0003] The slag discharger is generally of a water-sealed scraper structure, and its normal operation depends on a uniform-speed thrust transmission system to push the slag out of the water. Since the fly ash in the horizontal flue is concentrated in deposition, is not continuously discharged, is fine and dense, and is easily argillized, it is easy to combine with water to form a slurry after falling directly into the water seal of the slag discharger, causing a sharp increase in the thrust of the slag discharger, blocking of the scraper, and even automatic shutdown of the system for protection, which seriously affects the continuity of the operation of the grate and the stability of the system.

[0004] At present, in most systems, no buffer and throttling ash discharging device is arranged at the tail end of the horizontal flue of the waste heat boiler, resulting in the following problems:

[0005] 1. Uneven ash discharging: the fly ash deposits in the horizontal flue and falls in a concentrated manner at a certain moment, causing impact loading.

[0006] 2. Argillization and blocking: the fly ash contains unreacted alkaline components, which react with the water seal water to form a slurry, causing adhesion and blocking of the scraper.

[0007] 3. Thrust overload and shutdown: the load of the slag discharger suddenly increases, and the hydraulic system is protected and shut down, affecting the operation of the main furnace.

[0008] 4. Frequent maintenance and difficult manual cleaning: the water seal mud needs to be manually removed regularly, increasing the workload of operation and maintenance.

[0009] To solve the above problems, the present application provides a fly ash uniform discharging structure of a horizontal flue of a waste heat boiler. SUMMARY

[0010] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a fly ash uniform discharging structure of a horizontal flue of a waste heat boiler.

[0011] The technical scheme of the present application is: a waste heat boiler horizontal flue fly ash uniform discharge structure, including an ash bin, a manhole door assembly for externally connecting a horizontal flue is arranged on the upper side of the ash bin, an air hammer is arranged on each of the lower sides of the ash bin, a star-shaped discharge valve is arranged at the bottom of the ash bin, the top of the ash bin is communicated with a horizontal flue, a reducing joint is arranged below the star-shaped discharge valve, an expansion joint is arranged below the reducing joint, an elbow joint is arranged below the expansion joint, and a falling pipe is arranged below the elbow joint.

[0012] Further, the manhole door assembly comprises a connecting interface, a door frame is fixed outside the connecting interface, and a sealing door is hingedly connected outside the door frame.

[0013] Description: The manhole door assembly is used for workers to enter the ash bin for maintenance and cleaning. If fly ash that is not easy to clean is generated in the ash bin, the upper part of the star-shaped discharge valve is blocked, or large and hard fly ash cannot fall.

[0014] Further, the locking mechanism comprises a rotating shaft arranged on the sealing door, a rotating wheel is connected to the outer end of the rotating shaft, a gear is connected to the inner end of the rotating shaft, sliding rods are arranged on both sides of the gear, sliding sleeves are arranged outside the sliding rods, and teeth are arranged on the side of the sliding rods close to the gear and meshed with the gear.

[0015] Description: The rotating wheel is rotated to drive the rotating shaft to rotate, and then the gear is rotated to drive the sliding rods to move up and down, thereby realizing the locking of the sealing door and sealing the sealing door.

[0016] Further, the star-shaped discharge valve comprises a shell, a rotating shaft is rotatably connected in the shell, a rotating motor for driving the rotating shaft to rotate is arranged at one end of the rotating shaft, the rotating motor is fixed to the shell, and a plurality of discharge plates are arranged on the rotating shaft.

[0017] Description: The rotating motor is rotated to drive the rotating shaft to rotate, and then the discharge plates are rotated, and then the fly ash is caused to fall by the discharge plates.

[0018] Further, a dust cleaning motor is arranged at the top of the ash bin, an output shaft of the dust cleaning motor extends into the ash bin through the top of the ash bin, a U-shaped cleaning rod is arranged below the output shaft, and a plurality of cleaning brushes are arranged outside the U-shaped cleaning rod.

[0019] Description: The dust cleaning motor is rotated to drive the U-shaped cleaning rod to rotate, and then the cleaning brushes clean the fly ash on the inner wall of the ash bin.

[0020] Further, a connecting plate for fixing with the mounting frame is arranged on each of the upper sides of the ash bin.

[0021] Description: Through the connecting plate, the installation frame is fixed, and then the support force is provided for the ash bin, and the stability of the ash bin installation is enhanced.

[0022] Further, the ash bin is internally provided with a material level meter, and the material level meter and the rotating motor are electrically connected with a boiler DCS system.

[0023] Description: The thickness of the accumulated fly ash is detected through the material level meter, and then the discharging speed of the star-shaped discharging valve is controlled through the boiler DCS system, and the fly ash is knocked on the outer wall of the ash bin through the air hammer, so that the fly ash falls.

[0024] Further, one side of the falling pipe is provided with an air inlet pipe, and the air inlet pipe is communicated with an air pump at the end.

[0025] Description: The high-speed air ejected by the air pump provides kinetic energy for the movement of the fly ash in the falling pipe, so that the fly ash discharged from the falling pipe is more smooth.

[0026] Further, the outer wall of the falling pipe is provided with a plurality of vibrators, and the vibrators are electrically connected with the boiler DCS system.

[0027] Description: The vibrator can be controlled through the boiler DCS system, and the vibration of the vibrator shakes off the fly ash attached to the inner wall of the falling pipe, thereby reducing the risk of clogging of the falling pipe.

[0028] Further, one side of the falling pipe is provided with a through pipe opening, and the outer end of the through pipe opening is sealed by a threaded plug.

[0029] Description: In the case of clogging of the falling pipe, the threaded plug is removed, and the falling pipe is dredged by inserting a wire or a steel wire into the through pipe opening.

[0030] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0031] (1) The present application changes the original direct ash falling mode to collecting first and then uniformly releasing through the ash bin, effectively buffers the impact load, realizes a continuous and stable ash discharging process, the star-shaped ash discharging valve can be sealed and operated, prevents fly ash from leaking or air leakage, the ash discharging rhythm is controllable, greatly reduces the thrust interference on the slag extractor, breaks the concentrated falling mode of fly ash through the combined structure of the ash bin + ash discharging valve, realizes smooth transition, controls the ash amount and rhythm, avoids the sudden change of the ash water ratio in the water seal area of the slag extractor, reduces the number of abnormal shutdown and manual maintenance, and improves the continuous operation ability of the equipment.

[0032] (2)The present application can avoid sudden ash amount impact, reduce the slag outlet machine downtime caused by scraper overload, reduce the slurry ash blockage, prolong the slag outlet machine running cycle, control the falling ash rhythm, reduce the equipment damage, avoid long time furnace cleaning, reduce the maintenance cost, prevent dust leakage, improve the furnace tail environment, meet the environmental protection requirements, realize personalized control by adjusting the star type ash valve rate, adapt to various incineration working condition requirements.

[0033] (3)The high-speed airflow generated by the air pump of the present application can make the fly ash discharge more smoothly in the falling pipe, reducing the risk of falling pipe blockage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the present application.

[0035] Figure 2 is the left view of the present application.

[0036] Figure 3 is the left view of the manhole assembly of the present application.

[0037] Figure 4 is the left view of the structure of the star type discharge valve of the present application.

[0038] Figure 5 is the connection relationship diagram of the ash bin and the cleaning motor of the present application.

[0039] Among them, 1-ash bin, 2-manhole assembly, 3-air hammer, 4-star type discharge valve, 11-horizontal flue, 5-reducing joint, 6-expansion joint, 7- elbow joint, 8-falling pipe, 21-connection interface, 22-door frame, 23-sealing door, 24-locking mechanism, 241-rotating shaft, 242-rotating wheel, 243-gear, 244-sliding rod, 245-sliding sleeve, 246-tooth, 221-connection ring, 222-mounting hole, 41-outer shell, 42-rotating shaft, 43-rotating motor, 44-discharge plate, 12-ash removal motor, 13-U-shaped cleaning rod, 14-cleaning brush, 15-connection plate, 16-material level meter, 81-inlet pipe, 82-air pump, 83-vibrator, 84-through pipe, 85-threaded nozzle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] Example 1:

[0041] As Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, a kind of waste heat boiler horizontal flue fly ash uniform discharge structure, including ash bin 1, the upper side of ash bin 1 is equipped with manhole door assembly 2 for external connection horizontal flue, the lower side of ash bin 1 is equipped with one air hammer 3 in each side, the bottom of ash bin 1 is equipped with star type discharge valve 4, the top of ash bin 1 is communicated with horizontal flue 11, the lower side of star type discharge valve 4 is equipped with reducing joint 5, the lower side of reducing joint 5 is equipped with expansion joint 6, the lower side of expansion joint 6 is equipped with elbow joint 7, the lower side of elbow joint 7 is equipped with downcomer 8.

[0042] As Figure 3 As shown, manhole door assembly 2 includes connecting interface 21, connecting interface 21 is fixed with door frame 22 outside, door frame 22 is hinged with sealing door 23 outside, the inner wall of sealing door 23 is equipped with locking mechanism 24.

[0043] Manhole door assembly 2 is used for staff to enter the inside of ash bin 1 to maintain and clean, such as the fly ash generated in the inside of ash bin 1 is not easy to clean, leading to the blockage above star type discharge valve 4, or the large block fly ash cannot fall.

[0044] Locking mechanism 24 includes rotating shaft 241 on sealing door 23, the outer end of rotating shaft 241 is connected with rotating wheel 242, the inner end of rotating shaft 241 is connected with gear 243, both sides of gear 243 are equipped with sliding rod 244, the outer side of sliding rod 244 is equipped with sliding sleeve 245, the side of sliding rod 244 close to gear 243 is equipped with gear teeth 246 meshing transmission with gear 243.

[0045] By rotating rotating wheel 242 to drive rotating shaft 241 to rotate, in turn gear 243 is rotated, gear 243 rotation drives sliding rod 244 to move up and down, in turn realize the locking of sealing door 23, for sealing sealing door 23.

[0046] As Figure 4 As shown, star type discharge valve 4 includes shell 41, rotating shaft 42 is rotatably connected in shell 41, one end of rotating shaft 42 is equipped with rotating motor 43 for driving rotating shaft 42 to rotate, rotating motor 43 is fixed with shell 41, a plurality of discharge plates 44 are arranged on rotating shaft 42.

[0047] By rotating motor 43 rotation drives rotating shaft 42 to rotate, in turn gear 243 is rotated, gear 243 rotation drives sliding rod 244 to move up and down, in turn realize the locking of sealing door 23, for sealing sealing door 23.

[0048] The upper side of ash bin 1 is equipped with one connecting plate 15 for fixing with mounting frame in each side.

[0049] Through connecting plate 15, it is convenient to fix with mounting frame, mounting frame is used for connecting ground and connecting plate 15, in turn to provide support force for ash bin 1, and connecting plate 15 can enhance the stability of ash bin 1 installation.

[0050] Example 2:

[0051] like Figure 5 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in this embodiment, a cleaning motor 12 is provided on the top of the ash hopper 1, the output shaft of the cleaning motor 12 passes through the top of the ash hopper 1 and extends into the interior of the ash hopper 1, and a U-shaped cleaning rod 13 is provided below the output shaft, and multiple cleaning brushes 14 are provided on the outside of the U-shaped cleaning rod 13.

[0052] Compared to Embodiment 1, this embodiment uses a cleaning motor 12 to drive a U-shaped cleaning rod 13 to rotate, which in turn drives a cleaning brush 14 to clean the fly ash on the inner wall of the ash hopper 1.

[0053] Example 3:

[0054] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 2 is that in this embodiment, the ash hopper 1 is equipped with a level gauge 16, and both the level gauge 16 and the rotating motor 43 are electrically connected to the boiler DCS system.

[0055] Compared to Example 2, this embodiment uses a level gauge 16 to detect the accumulated thickness of fly ash, and then controls the unloading speed of the star-shaped unloading valve 4 through the boiler DCS system. If the fly ash thickness is too thick, the air hammer 3 can be used to strike the outer wall of the ash hopper 1 to make the fly ash fall.

[0056] Example 4:

[0057] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 3 is that in this embodiment, an air inlet pipe 81 is provided on one side of the drop pipe 8, and an air pump 82 is connected to the end of the air inlet pipe 81.

[0058] Compared to Example 3, this embodiment uses high-speed air ejected by air pump 82 to provide kinetic energy for the movement of fly ash in the drop pipe 8, making the discharge of fly ash from the drop pipe 8 smoother.

[0059] Example 5:

[0060] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 4 is that in this embodiment, the outer wall of the drop pipe 8 is provided with multiple vibrators 83, and the vibrators 83 are electrically connected to the boiler DCS system.

[0061] Compared to Example 4, in this embodiment, the vibrator 83 can be controlled by the boiler DCS system. The vibration of the vibrator 83 shakes off the fly ash adhering to the inner wall of the drop pipe 8, reducing the risk of blockage in the drop pipe.

[0062] Example 6:

[0063] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 5 is that in this embodiment, a through-hole 84 is provided on one side of the drop pipe 8, and the outer end of the through-hole 84 is sealed by a threaded cap 85.

[0064] Compared with the embodiment 5, in the case of the blockage of the drop tube 8, the threaded plug 85 is removed, and a wire is inserted into the blockage of the drop tube 8 through the pipe opening 84 to dredge the blockage.

[0065] The working method of the fly ash uniform discharging structure of the waste heat boiler horizontal flue in the above embodiment 6 comprises the following steps:

[0066] S1, the slag falls from the top of the ash bin 1 along with the ash, the fly ash of the horizontal flue enters the ash bin 1 through the manhole door assembly 2, the material level meter 12 detects the thickness of the slag and the ash in the ash bin 1, and then the mixed slag and ash are discharged into the drop tube 8 by starting the star-shaped discharge valve 4;

[0067] S2, the ash cleaning motor 12 drives the U-shaped cleaning rod 13 to rotate and in turn drives the cleaning brush 14 to clean the fly ash on the inner wall of the ash bin 1, the high-speed air jetted by the air pump 82 provides kinetic energy for the movement of the fly ash in the drop tube 8, so that the fly ash discharged from the drop tube 8 is more smooth, the vibrator 83 can be controlled by the boiler DCS system, and the vibration of the vibrator 83 shakes the fly ash attached to the inner wall of the drop tube 8, thereby reducing the risk of blockage of the drop tube 8, and the wire is inserted into the blockage of the drop tube 8 through the pipe opening 84 to dredge the blockage.

[0068] The air hammer 3, the rotating motor 43, the material level meter 16, the air pump 82 and the vibrator 83 used in the above embodiments are all commercially available products, as long as they can realize the functions of the present application, and the person skilled in the art can select and use them according to the conventional common sense, which is not specially limited here.

Claims

1. A structure for uniform discharge of fly ash in a horizontal flue of a waste heat boiler, characterized by, The utility model provides a horizontal flue ash bucket, including ash bin (1), the upper side of ash bin (1) is equipped with manhole door subassembly (2) for the external connection horizontal flue, the lower both sides of ash bin (1) are equipped with an air hammer (3) respectively, the bottom of ash bin (1) is equipped with star type discharge valve (4), the top of ash bin (1) is connected with horizontal flue (11), the lower side of star type discharge valve (4) is equipped with reducing joint (5), the lower side of reducing joint (5) is equipped with expansion joint (6), the lower side of expansion joint (6) is equipped with elbow joint (7), the lower side of elbow joint (7) is equipped with falling pipe (8).

2. A fly ash uniform discharge structure of a horizontal flue of a waste heat boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The manhole door subassembly (2) includes a connecting interface (21) having a door frame (22) fixed outside thereof, a sealing door (23) hingedly connected to the outside of the door frame (22), and a locking mechanism (24) provided on the inner wall of the sealing door (23).

3. A fly ash uniform discharge structure of a horizontal flue of a waste heat boiler according to claim 2, characterized in that, The locking mechanism (24) includes a rotating shaft (241) provided on the sealing door (23), a rotating wheel (242) connected to the outer end of the rotating shaft (241), a gear (243) connected to the inner end of the rotating shaft (241), sliding rods (244) provided on both sides of the gear (243), sliding sleeves (245) provided on the outer sides of the sliding rods (244), and teeth (246) provided on the side of the sliding rods (244) close to the gear (243) and in meshing transmission with the gear (243).

4. A fly ash uniform discharge structure of a horizontal flue of a waste heat boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The star type discharge valve (4) includes a housing (41) having a rotating shaft (42) rotatably connected inside the housing (41), a rotating motor (43) provided at one end of the rotating shaft (42) for driving the rotating shaft (42) to rotate, and a plurality of discharge plates (44) provided on the rotating shaft (42).

5. A fly ash uniform discharge structure of a horizontal flue of a waste heat boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ash bin (1) is provided with a dust cleaning motor (12) at the top thereof, an output shaft of the dust cleaning motor (12) extends into the ash bin (1) through the top of the ash bin (1), a U-shaped cleaning rod (13) is provided below the output shaft, and a plurality of cleaning brushes (14) are provided on the outer side of the U-shaped cleaning rod (13).

6. A fly ash uniform discharge structure of a horizontal flue of a waste heat boiler according to claim 1, wherein The ash bin (1) is provided with a connecting plate (15) for fixing with a mounting frame on each of the upper sides thereof.

7. A fly ash uniform discharge structure of a horizontal flue of a waste heat boiler according to claim 4, characterized in that, The ash bin (1) is provided with a material level meter (16) inside, and the material level meter (16) and the rotating motor (43) are electrically connected with a boiler DCS system.

8. A fly ash uniform discharge structure of a horizontal flue of a waste heat boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that, One side of the falling pipe (8) is provided with an air inlet pipe (81), and the air inlet pipe (81) is connected with an air pump (82) at the end thereof.

9. A fly ash uniform discharge structure of a horizontal flue of a waste heat boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of the falling pipe (8) is provided with a plurality of vibrators (83) electrically connected with the boiler DCS system.

10. A fly ash uniform discharge structure of a horizontal flue of a waste heat boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of the falling pipe (8) is provided with a plurality of vibrators (83) electrically connected with the boiler DCS system.

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