Loading device

Abstract

The invention provides a loading device, and relates to the technical field of civil engineering test equipment. The loading device comprises a test loading frame assembly and a counter-force frame assembly, the test loading frame assembly comprises a supporting piece, a connecting piece and a limiting piece, and the supporting piece is provided with a top; the connecting piece is rotatably connected with the top of the supporting piece and forms a rotating axis, the rotating axis is horizontally arranged, and the connecting piece is used for connecting a test piece; the limiting piece has a first working state and a second working state; the counterforce frame assembly is used for installing the force application assembly, and the force application assembly is used for applying test force to the test piece. The device realizes the conversion of a vertical loading test, a plane external loading test and a lateral loading test, can be suitable for wallboards with different heights, and can be reused to avoid waste. Hinge joint and rigid connection of test frame nodes can be flexibly changed to meet the requirements of different test reactor loading frames.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of civil engineering test equipment, and in particular to a loading device. BACKGROUND

[0002] In many fields such as scientific research and teaching experiments, a loading device is an indispensable important tool. Traditional loading devices are often single-function, and it is difficult to meet the complex and variable test requirements. For example, in the field of civil engineering, the loading test of a structural model usually needs to simulate different load conditions, including vertical loading, out-of-plane loading, low-cycle reciprocating loading, and unidirectional push-over loading. However, most of the existing loading devices can only realize single loading function, and have poor applicability. For models of different sizes and different materials, special loading devices often need to be customized, which not only causes great waste of resources, but also limits the breadth and depth of experimental research. SUMMARY

[0003] Therefore, the purpose of the present application is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and to provide a test loading frame assembly and a loading device to solve the problems of single function, poor applicability, and resource waste of the loading device. Moreover, the loading device can realize composite loading of various loading modes, including vertical loading, out-of-plane loading, low-cycle reciprocating loading, and unidirectional push-over loading; and has good applicability and flexibility, and can be applied to models of different sizes and different materials; and has mobility and detachability, facilitating use in different structural test rooms.

[0004] The present application provides the following technical solutions: The loading device provided by the present application comprises: The test loading frame assembly comprises a support, a connecting piece, and a limiting piece. The support has a top. The connecting piece and the top of the support are rotationally connected and form a rotation axis, which is horizontally arranged. The connecting piece is used for connecting a test piece. The limiting piece has a first working state and a second working state. In the first working state, the limiting piece is connected with the support and the connecting piece respectively. In the second working state, the limiting piece is connected with one of the support and the connecting piece. The reaction frame assembly is used for installing a force applying assembly, which is used for applying a test test force to the test piece.

[0005] In some embodiments, the support comprises a column, a support base, and a limiting part. The column has a bottom. The bottom of the column and the support base are hingedly connected and form a hinge axis. The hinge axis and the rotation axis are arranged in parallel. The limiting part is detachably connected with the column and the support base respectively. The plurality of limiting parts are arranged along the circumference of the column.

[0006] In some embodiments, the support further comprises at least one elastic part, one end of the elastic part is connected with the column, and the other end of the elastic part is connected with the support; and when the number of the elastic parts is plural, the plurality of elastic parts are arranged along the circumference of the column.

[0007] In some embodiments, the elastic part is arranged as an extension spring, the column has an upper limiting rod, the support has a lower limiting rod, the upper limiting rod penetrates the upper part of the extension spring, and the lower limiting rod penetrates the lower part of the extension spring.

[0008] In some embodiments, the connecting part comprises: a mounting part, which is rotationally connected with the column, so that the mounting part can rotate around the rotation axis; an adapter part, which is detachably connected with the mounting part, and a clamping space is defined between the adapter part and the mounting part, and the clamping space is used for accommodating and clamping a test piece.

[0009] In some embodiments, the connecting part further comprises: a base part, which has a mounting hole, and the column penetrates the mounting hole; a first insertion part, the sidewall of the base part has a first limiting hole, the column has a second limiting hole, and the first insertion part penetrates the limiting hole and the second limiting hole; wherein the number of the second limiting holes is plural, and the plurality of second limiting holes are arranged along the height direction of the column.

[0010] In some embodiments, the first limiting hole and the second limiting hole are respectively arranged as wedge-shaped holes, and the first insertion part is arranged as a first wedge-shaped pin. and / or, the connecting part further comprises a second wedge-shaped pin, the tip of the second wedge-shaped pin penetrates the gap between the inner wall of the mounting hole and the column.

[0011] In some embodiments, the limiting part comprises a second insertion part, the mounting part has a threaded hole, and the base part has a positioning hole; wherein the second insertion part is threadedly connected with the hole wall of the threaded hole, and the rotation of the second insertion part can make the end of the second insertion part enter or exit the positioning hole.

[0012] In some embodiments, the counterforce frame assembly comprises vertical load-bearing members and horizontal load-bearing members, the horizontal load-bearing members are arranged on top of the vertical load-bearing members, the horizontal load-bearing members are arranged above the support members, the vertical load-bearing members are arranged beside the support members, and the vertical load-bearing members and the horizontal load-bearing members are used for mounting force applying assemblies.

[0013] In some embodiments, the force applying assembly comprises a force applying member and a pressure sensor, the force applying member is used for applying a test force to the test piece mounted on the connecting member, the pressure sensor is connected with the force applying member, and the pressure sensor is used for acquiring the test force applied by the force applying member to the test piece.

[0014] The embodiments of the present application have the following advantages: The present application provides a loading device, which can realize the conversion of vertical loading test, out-of-plane loading test and lateral loading test, can be applied to wall panels of different heights, can be reused to avoid waste, can flexibly change the hinging and rigid connection of test frame nodes to adapt to the needs of different test stack loading frames, and has simple processing, material saving, convenient assembly and disassembly, and replaceable damaged parts.

[0015] The present application provides a loading device and a use method thereof, which overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art that most of the loading devices can only realize a single loading function and have poor applicability, makes the loading device flexible and diverse in loading function, thereby meeting various loading requirements, and has mobility and detachability, facilitating use in different structure test rooms.

[0016] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the following preferred embodiments are described in detail below, and the accompanying drawings are described as follows. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present application, and therefore should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 Fig. 1 shows a structure schematic diagram of a loading device according to an embodiment of the present application from one perspective; Figure 2 Fig. 2 shows a structure schematic diagram of a loading device according to an embodiment of the present application from one perspective; Figure 3A structural schematic diagram of a test loading frame assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown from one perspective; Figure 4 A structural schematic diagram of a test loading frame assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown from another perspective; Figure 5 A structural schematic diagram of a test loading frame assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown from still another perspective; Figure 6 A structural schematic diagram of a test loading frame assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown from still another perspective.

[0019] Main element symbol explanation: 100 - support; 110 - column; 111 - second limiting hole; 120 - support; 130 - elastic part; 140 - limiting part; 200 - connecting piece; 210 - second wedge-shaped pin; 220 - first wedge-shaped pin; 230 - base; 240 - mounting part; 250 - adapter part; 260 - second insertion part; 300 - counterforce frame assembly; 310 - transverse bearing; 320 - stiffened steel plate; 330 - vertical bearing; 400 - upper frame beam; 500 - fabricated wallboard; 600 - lower frame beam. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, in which the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application and cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0021] In related art, in many fields such as scientific research and teaching experiments, loading devices are indispensable important tools. Traditional loading devices often have single functions and are difficult to meet complex and variable testing requirements. For example, in the field of civil engineering, loading tests of structural models usually need to simulate different load conditions, including vertical loading, out-of-plane loading, low-cycle reciprocating loading, and one-way push-over loading. However, most existing loading devices can only realize single loading function and have poor applicability. For models of different sizes and different materials, special loading devices often need to be customized, which not only causes great waste of resources, but also limits the breadth and depth of experimental research.

[0022] As shown in FIGS. 1-6, to solve the above technical problems, the application provides a loading device, which comprises a test loading frame assembly and a counter-force frame assembly 300; the test loading frame assembly comprises a support 100, a connecting piece 200, and a limiting piece, the support 100 has a top; the connecting piece 200 and the top of the support 100 are rotationally connected and form a rotation axis, the rotation axis is horizontally arranged, and the connecting piece 200 is used for connecting a test piece; the limiting piece has a first working state and a second working state; in the first working state, the limiting piece is connected with the support 100 and the connecting piece 200 respectively; in the second working state, the limiting piece is connected with one of the support 100 and the connecting piece 200; the counter-force frame assembly 300 is used for mounting a force applying assembly, and the force applying assembly is used for applying a test test force to the test piece.

[0023] The loading device can realize composite loading of multiple loading modes, has good applicability and flexibility, is suitable for models of different sizes and different materials, and has mobility and detachability, which facilitates use in different structure test rooms.

[0024] The test loading frame assembly: the support 100 serves as the basic structure of the entire loading frame and provides necessary support force. The support 100 has a top. The connecting piece 200 is rotationally connected with the top of the support 100 and forms a horizontally arranged rotation axis, is used for connecting a test piece, and allows the test piece to rotate or remain fixed within a certain range. The limiting piece has a first working state (rigid connection) and a second working state (hinged connection). In the first state, the limiting piece is connected with the support 100 and the connecting piece 200 respectively; in the second state, the limiting piece is connected with only one of the support 100 or the connecting piece 200, allowing the connecting piece 200 to freely rotate around the rotation axis.

[0025] The counter-force frame assembly 300 is used for mounting a force applying assembly, and the force applying assembly is responsible for applying a test test force to the test piece. The design of the counter-force frame assembly 300 ensures the stability and accuracy of the force applying process. Changing the installation position of the force applying assembly can realize composite loading of multiple loading modes such as vertical loading, out-of-plane loading, low-cycle reciprocating loading, and one-way push-over loading. It is suitable for models of different sizes and materials, and can adapt to various types of test requirements by adjusting the state of the connecting piece 200 and the limiting piece. It supports rapid replacement and adjustment of test configurations, improving the experimental preparation efficiency. For example, in the present embodiment, the force applying assembly is a hydraulic jack. Of course, in other embodiments, the force applying assembly can also be an electric push rod, an air cylinder, etc., which is not specifically limited here.

[0026] It is convenient to move and use between different laboratories, reduces the idle time of equipment, and improves the utilization rate. Obviously, due to its high adaptability and modular design, the same set of loading devices can be applied to various experimental scenarios, avoiding the need to customize dedicated equipment for each specific experiment.

[0027] For the sake of understanding, the working principle is as follows: Connect the test piece to the connecting piece 200 to ensure that it is firmly fixed during the experiment.

[0028] For the case of needing to simulate rigid connection, place the limiting piece in the first working state to lock the position of the connecting piece 200. For the case of needing to simulate hinged connection, place the limiting piece in the second working state to allow the connecting piece 200 to rotate freely around the rotation axis.

[0029] Apply the required test test force to the test piece through the force applying assembly on the counter-force frame assembly 300, and select different loading modes (such as vertical loading, out-of-plane loading, low-cycle reciprocating loading, and one-way push-over loading) according to experimental requirements.

[0030] Real-time monitoring and recording of data generated during the experiment, such as stress-strain curve, displacement, force value, etc.

[0031] After the experiment is completed, evaluate the performance of the test piece based on the collected data.

[0032] It should be noted that in these embodiments, the problem of traditional test loading frame assemblies being able to fix only one type of connection is solved, thereby achieving flexible conversion between node rigid connection and hinged connection.

[0033] The support piece 100 serves as the base part of the entire loading frame, providing the necessary structural support. The support piece 100 has a height direction and has a top part for mounting other components.

[0034] The connecting piece 200 is connected to the top of the support piece 100 in a rotating manner, forming a horizontally arranged rotation axis. That is, the connecting piece 200 can rotate within the vertical plane, thereby adjusting the inclination of the test piece. This allows the connecting piece 200 to rotate relative to the support piece 100, thereby being able to simulate different node connection types (such as rigid connection and hinged connection). The main function of the connecting piece 200 is to connect the test piece to be tested. In other words, it is connected to the top of the support piece 100 through a horizontally arranged rotation axis, so that the connecting piece 200 can rotate on this axis to simulate different node connection situations. For example, the inclination angle of the test piece is 10°, 20°, 30°, 40°, or 50°, etc.

[0035] The limiting piece can be switched between two working states: The first working state: In this state, the limiting member is connected to both the support member 100 and the connecting member 200, ensuring the stability of the structure and simulating the rigid connection.

[0036] The second working state: In this state, the limiting member is connected to only one of the support member 100 and the connecting member 200, allowing the connecting member 200 to rotate freely along its rotation axis, thereby simulating the hinged connection.

[0037] To switch between the two working states, the limiting member needs to be designed in an adjustable form, such as using bolts, pins, or other locking mechanisms. The operator can change the position or state of the limiting member through simple manual operation, quickly converting the connection type without the need for large-scale adjustments or replacements of the entire loading frame.

[0038] Obviously, the test loading frame assembly not only adapts to different types of node connections, improving the flexibility and versatility of the equipment, but also effectively reduces the cost of the equipment, as there is no longer a need to prepare a dedicated loading frame for each connection type. In addition, this also helps to improve the test efficiency due to the reduction in the time and complexity of replacing equipment.

[0039] In some embodiments, the support member 100 includes a column 110, a base 120, and a limiting part 140. The column 110 has a bottom, and the bottom of the column 110 is hinged to the base 120 and forms a hinge axis, which is parallel to the rotation axis. The limiting part 140 is detachably connected to the column 110 and the base 120, respectively.

[0040] In these embodiments, the test loading frame assembly further specifies the structure of the support member 100. The column 110 serves as the main vertical support structure, bearing the load from the connecting member 200 and the test piece. The column 110 has a bottom, which is hinged to the base 120.

[0041] The base 120 provides a stable base for the column 110 and allows the column 110 to rotate within a certain range. By connecting the bottom of the column 110 to the base 120 via the hinge axis, the column 110 can rotate around the hinge axis on the base 120.

[0042] The limiting part 140 controls the position of the column 110 relative to the base 120, ensuring that the column 110 can be fixed or freely rotated when needed. The limiting part 140 is detachably connected to the column 110 and the base 120, allowing the operator to quickly adjust the state of the column 110 according to the test requirements. For example, the limiting part 140 is a bolt. Of course, the limiting part 140 can also be a screw, etc.

[0043] The hinge axis is formed by the hinge between the column 110 bottom and the support 120, while the rotation axis is located at the top of the column 110 for the rotation connection of the connecting piece 200 and the column 110. These two axes are arranged in parallel, ensuring that the column 110 can not only rotate around the hinge axis at the bottom (i.e., overall tilt), but also allow the connecting piece 200 connected at the top to rotate around the rotation axis (simulate hinge or rigid connection).

[0044] Obviously, due to the hinge between the column 110 and the support 120 and the presence of the limiting part 140, the test loading frame assembly can not only adapt to changes in the joint connection in the horizontal direction (such as from rigid to hinge), but also adapt to changes in the overall angle of the column 110, which increases the application range of the device.

[0045] It should be noted that the limiting part 140 is detachably connected, which means that the operator can easily install or remove the limiting part 140 according to the test requirements to achieve precise control of the position of the column 110.

[0046] In some embodiments, the number of limiting parts 140 is multiple, and the multiple limiting parts 140 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the column 110.

[0047] In these embodiments, multiple limiting parts 140 can provide more precise position control, ensuring that the relative position between the column 110 and the support 120 is more accurate. This is very important for experiments that require high precision.

[0048] When the limiting parts 140 are evenly distributed around the column 110, the load from the test piece can be better dispersed, thereby reducing the pressure on individual connection points and improving the stability of the entire system.

[0049] Since the limiting parts 140 are distributed circumferentially around the column 110, it means that different angles of the column 110 can be fixed by selecting different limiting parts 140. This allows the test loading frame assembly to adapt to a wider range of experimental requirements, especially those that require simulation of joint connection conditions with different inclination angles or directions.

[0050] By simply adjusting or removing the limiting part 140 at a specific position, the angle of the column 110 can be quickly changed or allowed to rotate freely without the need for complex reassembly processes.

[0051] In the first working state (rigid state), all or selected limiting parts 140 are in the locked state, firmly fixing the column 110 on the support 120 and preventing any unnecessary movement. In the second working state (hinged state), some or all limiting parts 140 can be unlocked, allowing the column 110 to freely rotate around the hinge axis on the support 120 to simulate the hinged condition in actual engineering.

[0052] For example, the number of limiters 140 is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7, etc.

[0053] In some embodiments, the support 100 further comprises at least one elastic part 130, one end of the elastic part 130 being connected to the column 110, and the other end of the elastic part 130 being connected to the support 120; and in the case of multiple elastic parts 130, multiple elastic parts 130 are arranged along the circumference of the column 110.

[0054] In these embodiments, the elastic part 130 can provide a certain buffering effect between the column 110 and the support 120, reducing the negative impact of external impact or vibration and protecting the test equipment and test piece from damage.

[0055] The elastic part 130 can generate a restoring force to help the column 110 return to its original position after being deflected by external force. This helps to maintain stability during the test process, and is particularly important for experiments that require resetting.

[0056] When multiple elastic parts 130 are arranged along the circumference of the column 110, the load from the test piece can be more evenly distributed, preventing local stress concentration and thus improving the durability and safety of the entire system.

[0057] By adjusting the stiffness or number of elastic parts 130, different elastic response characteristics in various engineering application scenarios can be simulated, such as the performance of bridges, buildings, and other structures under wind load or seismic conditions. This is very useful for studying the dynamic performance of structures.

[0058] In the absence of external force, the elastic part 130 maintains the relative position between the column 110 and the support 120. When external force is applied, causing the column 110 to tilt or move, the elastic part 130 is stretched or compressed, generating a corresponding reaction force. Once the external force disappears, the restoring force of the elastic part 130 will cause the column 110 to attempt to return to its original position, unless the limiter 140 prevents this action.

[0059] Obviously, this design with elastic part 130 increases the versatility and realistic simulation capability of the test loading frame assembly, and is particularly suitable for experiments that need to consider the elastic deformation characteristics of the structure. Not only does it improve the authenticity and accuracy of the test, but it also expands the application range of the equipment, enabling it to cope with more complex and variable actual engineering problems.

[0060] Exemplary static test: When performing static tests, the position of the column 110 can be fixed by locking all the limiters 140, at which time the elastic part 130 mainly plays a role in auxiliary support and shock absorption. Dynamic test: For dynamic tests or tests that need to simulate the elastic behavior of the structure, some or all of the limiters 140 can be unlocked, allowing the elastic part 130 to play a greater role, so that the column 110 can move freely within a certain range, while its movement amplitude and restoring force are controlled by the elastic part 130.

[0061] In some embodiments, the elastic part 130 is provided as a telescopic spring, the column 110 has an upper limiting rod, and the support 120 has a lower limiting rod, the upper limiting rod penetrates the upper part of the telescopic spring, and the lower limiting rod penetrates the lower part of the telescopic spring.

[0062] In these embodiments, the elastic part 130 is specifically provided as a telescopic spring, and the position of the spring is fixed by the upper limiting rod and the lower limiting rod. Such a design not only realizes the function of elastic support, but also provides structural stability and precise displacement control.

[0063] As the main component of the elastic part 130, the telescopic spring can produce compression or stretching deformation when subjected to external force, and restore to its original state after the force is removed, providing necessary cushioning and resetting functions. The upper limiting rod is installed on the column 110 and penetrates the upper part of the telescopic spring, limiting the maximum stretching length of the spring and ensuring its correct alignment. The lower limiting rod is installed on the support 120 and penetrates the lower part of the telescopic spring, playing a similar role, i.e. limiting the maximum compression degree of the spring and maintaining its position.

[0064] When not subjected to external force, the telescopic spring is maintained in a natural state, and the upper limiting rod and the lower limiting rod are located at the upper and lower ends of the spring respectively, ensuring correct installation and positioning of the spring. When external force is applied to tilt or move the column 110, the telescopic spring will compress or stretch accordingly according to the force, while the upper limiting rod and the lower limiting rod will slide along the spring, but will not be separated from the spring, thereby avoiding excessive deformation of the spring. Once the external force disappears, the telescopic spring will make the column 110 try to return to its original position due to its own elastic restoring force, unless it is prevented by other mechanisms (such as limiters).

[0065] The presence of the upper limiting rod and the lower limiting rod can effectively prevent the telescopic spring from being excessively stretched or compressed, protecting the spring from being damaged, while also limiting the maximum displacement range of the column 110, increasing the safety and controllability of the experiment. The continuous support force provided by the telescopic spring helps to enhance the stability of the entire system, especially in dynamic tests, which can more realistically simulate the structural response in actual engineering environments.

[0066] If a certain telescopic spring fails or needs to be adjusted for stiffness, the spring can be replaced by a simple operation without the need to disassemble the entire frame, greatly simplifying the maintenance process. When multiple telescopic springs are arranged circumferentially along the column 110, the angle of the column 110 can be fine-tuned according to different test requirements, so that the test loading frame assembly can better adapt to various complex experimental conditions.

[0067] Exemplarily, in the present embodiment, the number of telescopic springs is set to 4. Of course, in other embodiments, the number of telescopic springs can also be set to 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, etc.

[0068] In some embodiments, the connecting piece 200 includes a mounting portion 240 and an adapter portion 250. The mounting portion 240 is rotationally connected with the column 110, so that the mounting portion 240 can rotate around the rotation axis. The adapter portion 250 is detachably connected with the mounting portion 240, and a clamping space is defined between the mounting portion 240 and the adapter portion 250, which is used to accommodate and clamp the test piece.

[0069] In these embodiments, the connecting piece 200 is composed of the mounting portion 240 and the adapter portion 250, which allows the test loading frame assembly to flexibly adapt to different types of test pieces and can be conveniently adjusted or replaced to meet different experimental requirements.

[0070] The mounting portion 240, as the base part of the connecting piece 200, is connected with the rotation axis at the top of the column 110, so that the entire connecting piece 200 can rotate around this axis. The mounting portion 240 is connected with the column 110 through a horizontally arranged rotation axis, which ensures free rotation while maintaining stability. It must have sufficient mechanical strength to withstand the load from the test piece and the torque generated during rotation.

[0071] The adapter portion 250 is used to accommodate and clamp the test piece, and forms a clamping space with the mounting portion 240. The adapter portion 250 and the mounting portion 240 adopt a detachable design (such as using bolts, buckles or other quick release mechanisms) to facilitate quick replacement or adjustment as needed. Exemplarily, in the present embodiment, the adapter portion 250 is provided as a U-shaped clamp, and the two ends of the clamp are detachably connected with the mounting portion 240.

[0072] The space defined by the adapter portion 250 and the mounting portion 240 is used to safely fix the test piece, ensuring that it does not loosen or shift during the experiment.

[0073] For ease of understanding, the working principle is as follows: Mounting the test piece: Place the test piece inside the clamping space formed by the mounting portion 240 and the adapter portion 250. Securely connect the adapter portion 250 to the mounting portion 240 using appropriate fastening devices (such as bolts, clamps, etc.), ensuring that the test piece is securely clamped.

[0074] Conducting the experiment: Depending on the experimental requirements, the mounting portion 240 can be made to rotate freely around the rotation axis by releasing the limiting member, simulating a hinged condition; or the limiting member can be kept locked to prevent any unnecessary rotation, simulating a rigid connection condition.

[0075] Adjustment or replacement: For test pieces of different shapes or sizes, the adapter portion 250 can be easily removed, replaced with an adapter portion 250 suitable for the specific test piece, and then reinstalled and fixed.

[0076] Obviously, due to the detachable connection between the adapter portion 250 and the mounting portion 240, researchers can quickly replace different adapter portions 250 according to experimental requirements to adapt to various test pieces.

[0077] In some embodiments, the connecting member 200 further includes a base portion 230, the base portion 230 having a mounting channel through which the column 110 passes, and a first insertion portion, the side wall of the base portion 230 having a first limiting hole, the column 110 having a second limiting hole 111, the first insertion portion passing through the limiting hole and the second limiting hole 111; wherein the number of second limiting holes 111 is multiple, and the multiple second limiting holes 111 are arranged at intervals in the height direction of the column 110.

[0078] In these embodiments, the connecting member 200 not only includes the mounting portion 240 and the adapter portion 250, but also further includes the base portion 230 and the first insertion portion. This design enhances the functionality and flexibility of the test loading frame assembly by introducing additional mechanical structures, especially for experiments that require precise control of the relative position of the column 110 and the connecting member 200.

[0079] The base portion 230 serves as the foundation of the connecting member 200, providing a stable platform for mounting other components. The base portion 230 has a through mounting channel that allows the column 110 to pass through, ensuring that the connecting member 200 can rotate around the rotation axis at the top of the column 110. The base portion 230 provides the necessary support for the entire connecting member 200, ensuring its stability during the experiment.

[0080] The first insertion part is used to limit or fix the relative position between the stand 110 and the connecting piece 200, achieving locking at different height positions. The first limiting hole is located on the sidewall of the base 230 and is used in cooperation with the second limiting hole 111 on the stand 110. A plurality of second limiting holes 111 are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the stand 110, allowing selection of different height positions for fixation. The first insertion part (such as a pin, a bolt, etc.) can be inserted into different second limiting holes 111 to adjust the relative height of the stand 110 and the connecting piece 200, and fix them together.

[0081] The stand 110 is arranged in the mounting channel of the base 230, so that the connecting piece 200 can rotate freely around the stand 110. According to the experimental requirements, a second limiting hole 111 of appropriate height is selected, and the first insertion part is inserted into the first limiting hole of the base 230 and the corresponding second limiting hole 111, thereby fixing the relative position between the stand 110 and the connecting piece 200. When the relative height of the stand 110 and the connecting piece 200 needs to be changed, the first insertion part is simply pulled out, adjusted to the desired position of the second limiting hole 111, and then reinserted and fixed. When it is necessary to simulate a hinged condition, all limiting pieces can be unlocked to allow the connecting piece 200 to rotate freely; when it is necessary to simulate a rigid connection, the limiting pieces are kept in the locked state.

[0082] For experimental requirements of different heights or angles, the relative position of the stand 110 and the connecting piece 200 can be quickly adjusted by simply changing the position of the first insertion part, without the need to disassemble the entire device.

[0083] Because the stand 110 is provided with a plurality of second limiting holes 111, different height positions can be selected for fixation according to experimental requirements, increasing the application range of the device. The design of the first insertion part allows fine adjustment of the height of the connecting piece 200, ensuring that the relative position between the stand 110 and the connecting piece 200 remains accurate during the experiment.

[0084] In some embodiments, the first limiting hole and the second limiting hole 111 are respectively provided as wedge-shaped holes, and the first insertion part is provided as a first wedge-shaped pin 220; The connecting piece 200 further comprises a second wedge-shaped pin 210, the tip of the second wedge-shaped pin 210 being arranged in the gap between the inner wall of the mounting channel and the stand 110.

[0085] In these embodiments, the design of the connecting piece 200 is further optimized by setting the first limiting hole and the second limiting hole 111 as wedge-shaped holes, using the first wedge-shaped pin 220 as the first insertion part, and introducing the second wedge-shaped pin 210 to enhance the fixing effect between the stand 110 and the connecting piece 200. This design not only improves the stability and safety of the system, but also enhances its adaptability and operational convenience.

[0086] The first limiting hole (wedge-shaped hole) is located on the sidewall of the base 230 and is designed as a wedge-shaped hole to match the wedge-shaped hole on the stand 110. The first insertion part (first wedge-shaped pin 220) is used to limit or fix the relative position between the stand 110 and the connecting piece 200, achieving locking at different height positions. With the wedge-shaped pin design, by inserting the wedge-shaped holes on the base 230 and the stand 110, a tighter connection and higher stability are provided.

[0087] The plurality of second limiting holes 111 are arranged along the height direction of the stand 110, allowing selection of different height positions for fixation. The second wedge-shaped pin 210 further enhances the fixing effect between the stand 110 and the connecting piece 200, preventing any unnecessary looseness. The tip of the second wedge-shaped pin 210 is inserted into the gap between the inner wall of the mounting hole and the stand 110, increasing the friction force through the extrusion effect, ensuring a tight fit between the two.

[0088] In the case where the first wedge-shaped pin 220 has been fixed, the second wedge-shaped pin 210 provides an additional locking layer, enhancing the stability of the overall structure.

[0089] In some embodiments, the limiting piece includes a second insertion part 260, the mounting part 240 has a threaded hole, and the base 230 has a positioning hole; wherein the second insertion part 260 and the hole wall of the threaded hole are threadedly connected, and rotation of the second insertion part 260 can make the end of the second insertion part 260 enter or exit the positioning hole.

[0090] In these embodiments, the limiting piece further includes a second insertion part 260, which, by cooperating with the threaded hole of the mounting part 240 and the positioning hole of the base 230, provides a precise and reliable locking mechanism. This design not only enhances the functionality and flexibility of the test loading frame assembly, but also improves its stability and safety.

[0091] The second insertion part 260 is used to limit or fix the relative position between the stand 110 and the connecting piece 200, ensuring that they maintain a stable relative relationship during the experiment. The second insertion part 260 is threadedly connected with the threaded hole on the mounting part 240, allowing the position of the second insertion part 260 to be adjusted by rotation. The end of the second insertion part 260 can be rotated in and out of the positioning hole of the base 230, achieving a locked or unlocked state. The mounting part 240 is provided with a threaded hole for threaded connection with the second insertion part 260, so that the second insertion part 260 can be precisely adjusted to the desired position. The base 230 is provided with a positioning hole that cooperates with the end of the second insertion part 260, and when the second insertion part 260 is screwed in, its end can be inserted into the positioning hole, thereby fixing the relative position between the mounting part 240 and the base 230.

[0092] The column 110 is inserted into the mounting channel of the base 230, and the connecting member 200 can rotate freely around the column 110. According to the experimental requirements, the second insertion part 260 is screwed into the threaded hole of the mounting part 240, and the end of the second insertion part 260 is rotated into or out of the positioning hole of the base 230 to fix or release the connecting member 200. When it is necessary to simulate the rigid connection condition, the second insertion part 260 is tightened, and the end thereof is inserted into the positioning hole of the base 230 to fix the relative position between the mounting part 240 and the base 230, and prevent any unnecessary rotation. When it is necessary to simulate the hinged connection condition, the second insertion part 260 is loosened, and the end thereof is withdrawn from the positioning hole to release the restriction on the mounting part 240, allowing the connecting member 200 to rotate freely around the column 110. For experimental requirements of different heights or angles, the relative position between the mounting part 240 and the base 230 can be quickly adjusted by rotating the second insertion part 260, and the new position can be locked by inserting into the positioning hole.

[0093] For example, the second insertion part 260 is a bolt. Of course, in other embodiments, the second insertion part 260 can also be a screw rod, a screw, etc.

[0094] In some embodiments, the counterforce frame assembly 300 includes a vertical carrier 330 and a horizontal carrier 310, the horizontal carrier 310 is arranged on the top of the vertical carrier 330, and the horizontal carrier 310 is arranged above the support 100 in a spaced manner, and the vertical carrier 330 is arranged beside the support 100 in a spaced manner, and the vertical carrier 330 and the horizontal carrier 310 can be used to install the force applying assembly.

[0095] In these embodiments, the design of the counterforce frame assembly 300 is further refined to include a vertical carrier 330 and a horizontal carrier 310. This design not only enhances the versatility and flexibility of the loading device, but also improves its stability and applicability, and can better meet the complex and variable test requirements.

[0096] The vertical carrier 330 provides a vertical support structure for installing the force applying assembly to apply vertical loads. It is arranged beside the support 100 in a spaced manner to ensure proper distance from the test loading frame assembly and not to affect its operation. The vertical carrier 330 has sufficient mechanical strength to withstand the vertical force from the force applying assembly and transmit these forces to the ground or foundation structure.

[0097] The lateral carrier 310 provides a horizontal support structure for mounting the force application assembly to apply out-of-plane loads (e.g., lateral thrust). The lateral carrier 310 is disposed on top of the vertical carrier 330 and spaced above the support 100 to ensure that it does not interfere with the rotational movement of the connection 200. The lateral carrier 310 and the vertical carrier 330 can support various types of force application assemblies suitable for different experimental requirements, such as low-cycle fatigue loading, monotonic pushover loading, etc.

[0098] Mounting the force application assembly: Depending on the experimental requirements, select the appropriate carrier (vertical or lateral) and mount the force application assembly on it. For cases where vertical loads need to be applied, use the vertical carrier 330; for cases where lateral or out-of-plane loads need to be applied, use the lateral carrier 310.

[0099] Applying test forces: Apply the required test forces to the test specimen through the force application assembly, selecting different loading modes (e.g., vertical loading, out-of-plane loading, low-cycle fatigue loading, monotonic pushover loading) depending on the experimental requirements. The design of the vertical carrier 330 and the lateral carrier 310 ensures that the force application assembly can safely apply forces, and these forces can be effectively transmitted to the test specimen.

[0100] Monitoring and recording: Real-time monitoring and recording of data generated during the test, such as stress-strain curves, displacement, force values, etc. Due to the presence of the vertical carrier 330 and the lateral carrier 310, composite loading of multiple loading modes can be achieved on the same set of devices, improving experimental efficiency.

[0101] Analyzing results: After the experiment, evaluate the performance of the test specimen based on the collected data, such as bearing capacity, deformation characteristics, failure mode, etc.

[0102] It is important to note that the addition of multiple loading modes, the vertical carrier 330 and the lateral carrier 310 enable the loading device to support both vertical loading and out-of-plane loading, and even combined use, to achieve more complex loading scenarios.

[0103] In some embodiments, the vertical carrier 330 is also connected to the lateral carrier 310 through the stiffened steel plate 320. That is, the stiffened steel plate 320 is disposed at the angle between the vertical carrier 330 and the lateral carrier 310.

[0104] For example, the vertical carrier 330 is a vertical beam, and the lateral carrier 310 is a horizontal beam, both of which are arranged perpendicularly.

[0105] In some embodiments, the force application assembly includes a force application member and a pressure sensor. The force application member is used to apply test forces to the test specimen mounted on the connection 200, and the pressure sensor is connected to the force application member. The pressure sensor is used to obtain the test forces applied by the force application member to the test specimen.

[0106] In these embodiments, the force application assembly is further refined to include a force application element and a pressure sensor. This design not only enhances the functionality and accuracy of the loading device, but also improves the reliability and repeatability of experimental data.

[0107] The force application assembly directly applies the test test force to the test piece mounted on the connecting piece 200. For example, different types of equipment such as hydraulic cylinders, electric push rods, pneumatic actuators, etc. can be selected according to experimental requirements.

[0108] Accurate force value control is achieved through a control system such as a servo motor or hydraulic controller, ensuring that the applied force meets the experimental requirements.

[0109] The pressure sensor is connected to the force application element to obtain the test test force applied by the force application element to the test piece in real time. High-precision pressure sensors can accurately measure the actual force value transmitted by the force application element to the test piece. Provide immediate data feedback to facilitate monitoring and adjustment of force application during the experiment. It can be integrated with a data acquisition system to automatically record the force value changes during the entire experiment, ensuring the integrity and accuracy of the experimental data.

[0110] The force application element is installed on the vertical load-bearing member 330 or the horizontal load-bearing member 310 of the counterforce frame assembly 300 to ensure that it can safely apply the required test test force to the test piece. The pressure sensor is connected to the force application element to ensure that it can accurately measure the force value transmitted by the force application element to the test piece. According to experimental requirements, the force application element is operated by the control system to apply a predetermined test test force to the test piece. During the force application process, the pressure sensor monitors and records the actual applied force value in real time to ensure that it meets the experimental requirements. The experimental personnel can view the force application situation in real time through the data acquisition system connected to the pressure sensor and make adjustments as needed to ensure the consistency and accuracy of the experimental conditions. If abnormal conditions such as force value exceeding the set range are detected, timely measures can be taken to avoid unnecessary damage to the test piece. After the experiment is completed, the performance of the test piece is evaluated based on the collected data, and the response characteristics of the test piece under different loading conditions are analyzed, such as bearing capacity, deformation mode, failure mechanism, etc.

[0111] In addition, the present application provides a method for using the loading device for vertical loading test of the assembled wall panel 500: S1): Hoist the test loading frame assembly and the counterforce frame assembly 300 into position and anchor them to the test room track using ground anchor screws, nuts and steel washers; S2): Adjust the lateral carrier 310 to the appropriate height, install the stiffened steel plate 320, and fix the bottom of the column 110 and the support 120 and the top and the mounting portion 240 respectively to make them unable to rotate, and install the upper frame beam 400 in place through the adapter 250, and open holes on the lower frame beam 600 at the bottom of the test piece and fix it on the track through the ground anchor screw; S3): Install the force applying assembly, such as a hydraulic jack, in the middle of the lateral carrier 310, and set a distribution beam, a pressure sensor, and a rubber pad, etc. below the force applying assembly; S4): Load the pressure sensor through the vertical force applying assembly, such as a hydraulic jack, fixed on the lateral carrier 310, and record the test data through the measuring system; S5): If the test piece is loaded to destruction, resulting in the end of the test, slowly unload the oil to restore the force applying assembly to the original position; S6): After the test is completed, disassemble the equipment from top to bottom.

[0112] The application provides a use method of the frame equipment for the flat out-of-plane loading test of the fabricated wall panel 500: S1): Hoist and place the test loading frame assembly and the counterforce frame assembly 300, and anchor them on the track in the test room using the ground anchor screw, the nut, and the steel gasket; S2): Adjust the lateral carrier 310 to the appropriate height, install the stiffened steel plate 320, and fix the bottom of the column 110 and the support 120 and the column 110 and the mounting portion 240 respectively to make them unable to rotate, and install the upper frame beam 400 in place through the adapter 250, and open holes on the lower frame beam 600 at the bottom of the test piece and fix it on the track through the ground anchor screw; S3): Install the force applying assembly, such as a hydraulic jack, at the appropriate position of the vertical carrier 330, and set a distribution plate, a pressure sensor, and a rubber pad, etc. between the loading device and the fabricated wall panel 500; S4): Load the pressure sensor centroid through the vertical force applying assembly, such as a hydraulic jack, fixed on the vertical carrier 330, and record the test data through the measuring system; S5): If the test piece is loaded to destruction, resulting in the end of the test, slowly unload the oil to restore the loading device to the original position; S6): After the test is completed, disassemble the equipment from top to bottom.

[0113] The application provides a use method of the frame equipment for the low-cycle reciprocating loading test or the one-way push-over test of the fabricated wall panel 500: S1): Hoist and place the test loading frame assembly and the counterforce frame assembly 300, and anchor them on the track in the test room using the ground anchor screw, the nut, and the steel gasket; S2): Adjust the lateral carrier 310 to the appropriate height, install the stiffened steel plate 320, fix the bottom of the column 110 and the support 120 and the column 110 and the mounting portion 240 so as to be unable to rotate, and install the upper frame beam 400 in place through the adapter 250, open a hole on the lower frame beam 600 at the bottom of the test piece, and fix the test piece on the track through the ground anchor screw; S4): Perform low-cycle reciprocating loading or one-way push-over loading on the beam end of the upper frame beam 400 through the MTS, and record the test data through the measurement system; S5): If the test piece is seriously damaged to end the test, the damaged wallboard test piece can be removed, slow oil unloading is performed, and the test loading frame assembly is slowly restored to the original position by means of the elastic strain energy stored in the compression and tensile expansion springs; S6): The test is ended, and the equipment is disassembled from top to bottom.

[0114] In use, the position of the loading device can be flexibly set according to different loading directions and test methods, and the hinged and rigid connections of the test loading frame assembly nodes can be flexibly changed. When vertical loading is performed, the force applying assembly is arranged on the lateral carrier 310; when out-of-plane loading is performed, the force applying assembly is arranged on the vertical carrier 330; when in-plane lateral loading is performed, the present application can also be fixed near the counterforce wall, and the different requirements of hinged and rigid connections can be met by disassembling and assembling the limiting member.

[0115] In use, when the out-of-plane load is large, the out-of-plane support can be arranged on the test piece fixing device and the test piece according to the specific conditions to increase the out-of-plane stiffness of the test loading frame assembly.

[0116] The present application is simple to process, simple in material, convenient to assemble and disassemble, and the damaged parts can be replaced; the present application can realize the conversion of vertical loading test, out-of-plane loading test and lateral loading test, and can be applied to wallboards of different heights, and is repeatedly used to avoid waste.

Claims

1. A loading device, characterized by The loading device comprises: The test loading frame assembly comprises a support, a connecting piece and a limiting piece, the support has a top; the connecting piece and the top of the support are rotationally connected and form a rotation axis, the rotation axis is horizontally arranged, and the connecting piece is used for connecting a test piece; the limiting piece has a first working state and a second working state; in the first working state, the limiting piece is connected with the support and the connecting piece respectively; in the second working state, the limiting piece is connected with one of the support and the connecting piece; The counterforce frame assembly is used for mounting a force applying assembly, and the force applying assembly is used for applying a test test force to the test piece.

2. The loading device of claim 1, wherein, The support comprises a column, a support base and a limiting part, the column has a bottom, the bottom of the column and the support base are hingedly connected and form a hinge axis, the hinge axis and the rotation axis are arranged in parallel, and the limiting part is detachably connected with the column and the support base respectively. The number of the limiting parts is multiple, and the multiple limiting parts are arranged in a circumferential direction of the column.

3. The loading device of claim 2, wherein, The support further comprises at least one elastic part, one end of the elastic part is connected with the column, and the other end of the elastic part is connected with the support base; and when the number of the elastic parts is multiple, the multiple elastic parts are arranged in the circumferential direction of the column.

4. The loading device of claim 3, wherein, The elastic part is arranged as a telescopic spring, the column has an upper limiting rod, the support base has a lower limiting rod, the upper limiting rod penetrates an upper part of the telescopic spring, and the lower limiting rod penetrates a lower part of the telescopic spring.

5. The loading device of claim 2, wherein, The connecting piece comprises: A mounting part, which is rotationally connected with the column, so that the mounting part can rotate around the rotation axis; An adapter part, which is detachably connected with the mounting part, and a clamping space is defined between the adapter part and the mounting part, and the clamping space is used for accommodating and clamping a test piece.

6. The loading device of claim 5, wherein, The connecting piece further comprises: A base part, which has a mounting hole, and the column penetrates the mounting hole; A first insertion part, a side wall of the base part has a first limiting hole, the column has a second limiting hole, and the first insertion part penetrates the limiting hole and the second limiting hole; The number of the second limiting holes is multiple, and the multiple second limiting holes are arranged in a height direction of the column.

7. The loading device of claim 6, wherein, The first limiting hole and the second limiting hole are respectively arranged as wedge-shaped holes, and the first insertion part is arranged as a first wedge-shaped pin; And / or, the connecting piece further comprises a second wedge-shaped pin, a tip of the second wedge-shaped pin penetrates a gap between an inner wall of the mounting hole and the column.

8. The loading device of claim 6, wherein, The limiting piece comprises a second insertion part, the mounting part has a threaded hole, and the base part has a positioning hole; wherein the second insertion part is threadedly connected with a hole wall of the threaded hole, and rotation of the second insertion part can make an end of the second insertion part enter or exit the positioning hole.

9. The loading device of claim 1, wherein, The counterforce frame assembly comprises vertical load-bearing members and horizontal load-bearing members, the horizontal load-bearing members are arranged on the top of the vertical load-bearing members, the horizontal load-bearing members are arranged above the support members, the vertical load-bearing members are arranged on the sides of the support members, and the vertical load-bearing members and the horizontal load-bearing members are used for mounting force applying assemblies.

10. The loading device of claim 9, wherein, The force applying assembly comprises a force applying member and a pressure sensor, the force applying member is used for applying a test force to the test piece mounted on the connecting member, the pressure sensor is connected with the force applying member, and the pressure sensor is used for acquiring the test force applied by the force applying member to the test piece.

Images