Earthquake imaging method and device, electronic equipment, storage medium and program product

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses an earthquake imaging method and device, electronic equipment, a storage medium and a program product. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring active source seismic data and passive source seismic data of a target work area; imaging is carried out based on passive source seismic data for a to-be-constructed migration velocity model, and an obtained background velocity model is used as an initial velocity model of the migration velocity model; performing inversion imaging by combining the initial velocity model and the active source seismic data, and constructing a migration velocity model; and based on the migration velocity model, performing migration imaging processing on the active source seismic data to obtain an underground structure image of the target work area. According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the imaging quality of seismic imaging can be improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] Embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of geophysics, and in particular to a seismic imaging method and device, electronic equipment, storage medium and program product. BACKGROUND

[0002] The super-deep artificial seismic imaging technology using seismic data plays an important role in detecting the internal structure of the earth, but this technology still faces some challenges in imaging quality.

[0003] Specifically, the propagation of seismic waves in the deep crust is affected by various complex factors (such as the non-uniformity and anisotropy of the stratum medium, etc.), which can result in low imaging quality when imaging based on corresponding seismic data, making it difficult to accurately reflect the true situation underground, and thus needs to be solved urgently. SUMMARY

[0004] Embodiments of the present application provide a seismic imaging method, device, electronic equipment, storage medium and program product, which solve the problem of low imaging quality of seismic imaging.

[0005] According to an aspect of the present application, a seismic imaging method can include:

[0006] acquiring active source seismic data and passive source seismic data of a target work area;

[0007] for a migration velocity model to be constructed, imaging based on passive source seismic data, and taking the obtained background velocity model as an initial velocity model of the migration velocity model;

[0008] jointly inverting and imaging the initial velocity model and the active source seismic data to construct the migration velocity model;

[0009] based on the migration velocity model, performing migration imaging processing on the active source seismic data to obtain an underground structure image of the target work area.

[0010] According to another aspect of the present application, a seismic imaging device can include:

[0011] a seismic data acquisition module for acquiring active source seismic data and passive source seismic data of a target work area;

[0012] an initial velocity model construction module for, for a migration velocity model to be constructed, imaging based on passive source seismic data, and taking the obtained background velocity model as an initial velocity model of the migration velocity model;

[0013] a migration velocity model construction module for jointly inverting and imaging the initial velocity model and the active source seismic data to construct the migration velocity model;

[0014] The seismic imaging module is configured to perform migration imaging processing on the active source seismic data based on the migration velocity model to obtain an underground structure image of the target work area.

[0015] According to another aspect of the present application, an electronic device can include:

[0016] at least one processor; and

[0017] a memory in communication with the at least one processor; wherein

[0018] The memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, and the computer program is executed by the at least one processor to cause the at least one processor to implement the seismic imaging method provided by any of the embodiments of the present application.

[0019] According to another aspect of the present application, a computer readable storage medium is provided, and the computer readable storage medium stores computer instructions for causing a processor to implement the seismic imaging method provided by any of the embodiments of the present application.

[0020] According to another aspect of the present application, a computer program product is provided, and the computer program product stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the seismic imaging method provided by any of the embodiments of the present application.

[0021] The technical solution of the embodiments of the present application obtains active source seismic data and passive source seismic data of a target work area, which is the data basis for seismic imaging; performs imaging based on passive source seismic data for a migration velocity model to be constructed, and takes the obtained background velocity model as an initial velocity model of the migration velocity model, which can represent the missing low-frequency information in the active source seismic data; performs inversion imaging by combining the initial velocity model and the active source seismic data to construct the migration velocity model, which improves the construction accuracy of the migration velocity model by supplementing the low-frequency information; and performs migration imaging processing on the active source seismic data based on the migration velocity model to obtain an underground structure image of the target work area. The above technical solution supplements the missing low-frequency information in the active source seismic data by using the low-frequency information in the passive source seismic data to improve the construction accuracy of the migration velocity model, and performs migration imaging processing on the active source seismic data on this basis to improve the imaging quality of seismic imaging, i.e., to improve the quality of ultra-deep seismic data.

[0022] It should be understood that the content described in this section is not intended to identify key or important features of the embodiments of the present application, nor is it used to limit the scope of the present application. Other features of the present application will become apparent from the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed in the embodiments description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only show some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a seismic imaging method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of joint velocity modeling of active source and passive source in a seismic imaging method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 3 is a flow chart of another seismic imaging method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a seismic instrument in another seismic imaging method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a two-dimensional seismic survey line in another seismic imaging method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 6 is a structural block diagram of a seismic imaging device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 7 is a structural schematic diagram of an electronic device for implementing a seismic imaging method according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the technical personnel in the art better understand the present application scheme, the following will combine the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, not all. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort should be within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0032] It is to be understood that the terms "first", "second", and the like, used in the description and the claims of the application, as well as above-described figures, are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the use of data so designated is not to be construed as limiting of the embodiments of the application described herein to only those embodiments absolutely recited in the specification and claims. "Target", "original", and the like, are similar, and are not repeated here. In addition, the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but can include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products, or apparatuses.

[0033] Before introducing the embodiments of the application, the application scenarios of the embodiments of the application are exemplarily described. Exemplarily, seismic data can be roughly divided into two categories: active source seismic data and passive source seismic data. The active source can provide higher resolution and detection depth, while the passive source is helpful to obtain large-scale underground structure information. Moreover, both the active source seismic data and the passive source seismic data describe the elastic dynamics of the earth medium, have very close physical properties, and have good complementarity in signal frequency band and imaging scale.

[0034] It is to be noted that, in the process of seismic data acquisition, due to the limitation of the source and the receiver, the active source seismic data collected in the field is missing low-frequency information. In the velocity modeling, the low-frequency information corresponds to the long-wavelength component (i.e. background velocity) of the underground medium velocity. The missing of the low-frequency information will lead to inaccurate migration velocity modeling, and further lead to poor imaging quality of deep structure imaging. However, it is found through research that the passive source seismic data can be used for imaging the deep and regional scale geological structure to obtain the long-wavelength component, that is, the passive source seismic data can be used to make up for the missing low-frequency information in the active source seismic data.

[0035] Therefore, the embodiments of the application develop joint inversion imaging of the two types of seismic data by fully exploiting the hidden correlation between the two types of seismic data, so as to improve the imaging quality of seismic imaging.

[0036] Next, this will be described in detail.

[0037] Figure 1is a flow chart of a seismic imaging method provided by an embodiment of the present application. The embodiment can be applicable to the case of seismic imaging, and is particularly applicable to the case of seismic imaging by combining active source seismic data and passive source seismic data. The method can be performed by a seismic imaging device provided by an embodiment of the present application, which can be implemented in software and / or hardware, and can be integrated on an electronic device, which can be various user terminals or servers.

[0038] Referring to Figure 1 The method of the embodiment of the present application specifically includes the following steps:

[0039] S110. Obtain active source seismic data and passive source seismic data of a target work area.

[0040] The target work area can be understood as a work area to be subjected to seismic imaging, and further can be understood as a work area whose underground structure is to be imaged, and the work area corresponds to an active source.

[0041] The active source seismic data and the passive source seismic data of the target work area are obtained, and these seismic data can be understood as data required for seismic imaging. The active source seismic data can be understood as original acquisition data in seismic exploration, such as original acquisition shot gathers and / or velocity fields, which is related to the actual situation and is not specifically limited here. The passive source seismic data can reflect the background noise in the field.

[0042] After obtaining the passive source seismic data, the passive source seismic data can be optionally subjected to elimination processing, and the passive source seismic data is updated according to the elimination processing result, wherein the elimination processing includes noise elimination processing (such as eliminating instrument response and wind noise) and / or interference elimination processing (such as eliminating human interference), so as to improve the data quality of the passive source seismic data.

[0043] S120. For the migration velocity model to be constructed, perform imaging based on the passive source seismic data, and obtain a background velocity model as an initial velocity model of the migration velocity model.

[0044] The migration velocity model can be understood as a velocity model required to be applied in the process of seismic imaging, and needs to be constructed based on the active source seismic data.

[0045] The imaging is performed based on the passive source seismic data to obtain a background velocity model. According to the foregoing, the background velocity model can reflect the long-wavelength component of the underground medium velocity, and the long-wavelength component is the low-frequency information missing in the active source seismic data, which leads to inaccurate migration velocity modeling. Therefore, the background velocity model is taken as an initial velocity model of the migration velocity model to be constructed, so as to make up for the low-frequency information.

[0046] S130. Inversion imaging is performed by combining the initial velocity model and the active source seismic data to construct a migration velocity model.

[0047] Since the initial velocity model can compensate for the missing low frequency information in the active source seismic data, the initial velocity model and the active source seismic data are combined to perform inversion imaging to construct a high-precision migration velocity model.

[0048] For example, referring to Figure 2 , a background velocity model is obtained by velocity modeling based on passive source seismic data, and the background velocity model is used as an initial velocity model to perform velocity modeling based on active source seismic data to obtain a migration velocity model.

[0049] S140. Migration imaging processing is performed on the active source seismic data based on the migration velocity model to obtain an underground structure image of the target work area.

[0050] The migration imaging processing on the active source seismic data is performed based on the migration velocity model, for example, the migration imaging processing on the active source seismic data can be performed based on a model and data double-driven high-resolution seismic imaging technology to obtain a high-resolution underground structure image, thereby improving the imaging quality of seismic imaging.

[0051] The technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application obtains active source seismic data and passive source seismic data of a target work area, which is the data basis for seismic imaging; performs imaging based on passive source seismic data for a migration velocity model to be constructed, and uses a background velocity model obtained as an initial velocity model of the migration velocity model, which can represent the missing low frequency information in the active source seismic data; inversion imaging is performed by combining the initial velocity model and the active source seismic data to construct a migration velocity model, which compensates for the missing low frequency information to improve the construction precision of the migration velocity model; migration imaging processing is performed on the active source seismic data based on the migration velocity model to obtain an underground structure image of the target work area. The above technical scheme uses the low frequency information in the passive source seismic data to compensate for the missing low frequency information in the active source seismic data to improve the construction precision of the migration velocity model, and performs migration imaging processing on the active source seismic data based on the migration velocity model to improve the imaging quality of seismic imaging, i.e., to improve the quality of ultra-deep seismic data.

[0052] Figure 3is a flowchart of another seismic imaging method provided in the embodiments of the present application. The present embodiment is optimized on the basis of the above technical solutions. In the present embodiment, optionally, the passive source seismic data is received based on multiple seismographs, imaging is performed based on the passive source seismic data, including: through cross-correlation processing of continuous time signals between multiple seismographs, empirical Green's function extraction of the passive source seismic data is performed to obtain useful signals in the passive source seismic data; for the ambient noise field corresponding to the useful signals, the energy coherent part in the ambient noise field is stacked to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the useful signals; the useful signals with the improved signal-to-noise ratio are used to perform imaging of the underground medium structure of the target work area. Wherein, the same or corresponding terms as in the above embodiments are not repeated here.

[0053] Referring to Figure 3 The method of the present embodiment can specifically include the following steps:

[0054] S210. Obtain active source seismic data and passive source seismic data of a target work area, wherein the passive source seismic data is received based on multiple seismographs.

[0055] Wherein, the multiple seismographs are deployed in the underground of the target work area in advance, so that the passive source seismic data recorded in the field can be extracted from the multiple seismographs by recovering the multiple seismographs. Exemplarily, Figure 4 A seismograph is shown, and Table 1 shows the related parameters of the seismograph.

[0056] Table 1 Related parameters of the seismograph

[0057] Instrument dimensions 175*240mm Instrument weight 5.0kg Number of channels 3 Continuous operating time 45 days continuous operation Bandwidth 20-100Hz Dynamic range >120dB Sampling rate 50，100，200，250，500，1000 Storage capacity 32GB Data format Miniseed

[0058] In actual application, optionally, the signal received by the seismograph is amplified by an amplifier and a recorder to obtain a seismic waveform record. The recorder discretely samples the amplified electrical signal at a certain time interval, and then records it in digital form on a magnetic tape.

[0059] On this basis, in combination with the application scenarios that the embodiments of the present application can involve, optionally, the active source seismic data is collected on a target seismic survey line, and multiple seismographs are deployed on the target seismic survey line to make the consistency between the spatial positions corresponding to the active source seismic data and the passive source seismic data. Wherein, the target seismic survey line can be understood as a line deployed on the target work area for collecting active source seismic data, which can be a straight line or a broken line, and can be a two-dimensional line or a three-dimensional line, etc., which can be set according to actual needs, and is not limited here. Exemplarily, Figure 5The purple line in the figure represents a two-dimensional seismic survey line in a certain basin, and part of the two-dimensional seismic survey line is a straight line and the other part is a broken line. On this basis, multiple seismic instruments are deployed on the target seismic survey line, thereby ensuring the consistency between the spatial positions corresponding to the active source seismic data and the passive source seismic data, so that the two can be jointly applied.

[0060] On this basis, optionally, in the case where the target seismic survey line is a straight line, the multiple seismic instruments are sequentially deployed along the target seismic survey line according to the start position and the end position of the target seismic survey line. Further optionally, in the case where the target seismic survey line is a broken line, the multiple seismic instruments are sequentially deployed along the target seismic survey line according to the start position, the end position, and the turning point positions of each turning point on the target seismic survey line.

[0061] S220. The empirical Green's function extraction of the passive source seismic data is performed through the cross-correlation processing of the continuous time signals between the multiple seismic instruments, so as to obtain the useful signal in the passive source seismic data.

[0062] Through the extraction of the empirical Green's function, the effective extraction of the useful signal is realized, thereby avoiding the negative impact of the useless signal on the velocity modeling.

[0063] S230. The energy coherent part in the ambient noise field is superimposed to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the useful signal.

[0064] Exemplarily, the double-beam imaging method or other technologies can be used to superimpose the energy coherent part in the ambient noise field, so as to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the useful signal.

[0065] S240. The background velocity model is obtained by imaging the underground medium structure of the target work area using the useful signal with the improved signal-to-noise ratio.

[0066] Exemplarily, the background velocity model can be obtained by imaging using various seismic tomography methods and the useful signal with the higher signal-to-noise ratio.

[0067] S250. The background velocity model is used as the initial velocity model of the migration velocity model to be constructed.

[0068] S260. The initial velocity model and the active source seismic data are jointly used for inversion imaging to construct the migration velocity model.

[0069] S270. The migration imaging processing of the active source seismic data is performed based on the migration velocity model, so as to obtain the underground structure image of the target work area.

[0070] The technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application realizes accurate construction of a background velocity model through useful signal extraction, signal-to-noise ratio improvement and seismic imaging.

[0071] In order to better understand the above-mentioned various technical solutions as a whole, the following will be exemplarily described in combination with specific examples. Exemplarily, taking a certain basin super-deep natural seismic oil and gas exploration application two-dimensional seismic line as an example, the specific implementation process is as follows:

[0072] (1) Two-dimensional seismic line selection:

[0073] In the already deployed two-dimensional seismic line database, the corresponding two-dimensional seismic line is selected according to the geological target to be surveyed, if it is a straight line, the geodetic coordinates of the starting point and the ending point are needed, if it is a polyline, the geodetic coordinates of each turning point are further needed.

[0074] (2) Seismic instrument deployment:

[0075] According to the geodetic coordinates obtained in step (1), the deployment track of the two-dimensional seismic line is determined in the field, and the seismic instruments for collecting natural seismic signals and background noise are arranged according to the designed interval, that is, the seismic instruments for collecting passive source seismic data are arranged.

[0076] (3) Passive source seismic data imaging processing:

[0077] Firstly, the passive source seismic data recorded in the field is read, and the passive source seismic data is processed to eliminate noise interference, such as removing instrument response, wind noise and human interference, etc., so as to improve the data quality. Next, the empirical Green function is extracted through the cross-correlation processing of the continuous time signals between different stations to extract the useful signal from the background noise. Then, the double-beam imaging method and other technologies are used to stack the energy coherent part in the ambient noise field to improve the signal-to-noise ratio. Finally, the imaging of the underground medium structure is carried out by using the empirical Green function, which can be realized by various seismic tomography methods to obtain the background velocity model.

[0078] (4) Joint velocity modeling and high-resolution imaging of passive source and active source seismic data

[0079] Based on the imaging result of the passive source seismic data (i.e. the background velocity model), an initial model for velocity modeling is constructed; on this basis, based on the nonlinear full waveform inversion technology of the active source seismic data, the migration velocity model is obtained by inversion; finally, based on the high-resolution seismic imaging technology driven by the model and the data, the active source seismic data is processed by migration imaging to obtain the high-resolution underground structure image.

[0080] The technical scheme has the advantages that passive source seismic data is used to supplement the missing low-frequency information in active source seismic data, so that the construction precision of the migration velocity model is improved, and on this basis, the active source seismic data is subjected to migration imaging processing, so that the imaging quality of the seismic imaging is improved, that is, the quality of the ultra-deep seismic data is improved.

[0081] Figure 6 A structural block diagram of a seismic imaging device provided in the embodiments of the present application is provided, and the device is used to execute the seismic imaging method provided in any of the embodiments. The device and the seismic imaging method of each of the embodiments belong to the same inventive concept, and the details not described in the embodiments of the seismic imaging device can be referred to the embodiments of the seismic imaging method. Referring to Figure 6 The device can specifically include a seismic data acquisition module 310, an initial velocity model construction module 320, a migration velocity model construction module 330, and a seismic imaging module 340.

[0082] The seismic data acquisition module 310 is configured to acquire active source seismic data and passive source seismic data of a target work area.

[0083] The initial velocity model construction module 320 is configured to perform imaging based on the passive source seismic data for the migration velocity model to be constructed, and take the obtained background velocity model as the initial velocity model of the migration velocity model.

[0084] The migration velocity model construction module 330 is configured to perform inversion imaging based on the initial velocity model and the active source seismic data to construct the migration velocity model.

[0085] The seismic imaging module 340 is configured to perform migration imaging processing on the active source seismic data based on the migration velocity model to obtain an underground structure image of the target work area.

[0086] Optionally, the passive source seismic data is received based on multiple seismographs, and the initial velocity model construction module 320 can include:

[0087] The useful signal obtaining unit can be configured to extract an empirical Green function of the passive source seismic data through cross-correlation processing of continuous time signals between the multiple seismographs to obtain the useful signal in the passive source seismic data.

[0088] The signal-to-noise ratio improving unit is configured to stack energy coherent parts in the environmental noise field corresponding to the useful signal to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the useful signal.

[0089] The passive source imaging unit is configured to use the useful signal with the improved signal-to-noise ratio to perform imaging on the underground medium structure of the target work area.

[0090] On this basis, optionally, the active source seismic data is acquired on the target seismic line, and multiple seismographs are deployed on the target seismic line, so that the consistency between the spatial positions corresponding to the active source seismic data and the passive source seismic data is achieved.

[0091] On this basis, optionally, in the case that the target seismic line is a straight line, the multiple seismographs are deployed according to the start point position and the end point position of the target seismic line;

[0092] In the case that the target seismic line is a broken line, the multiple seismographs are deployed according to the start point position, the end point position, and the turning point position of each turning point on the target seismic line.

[0093] Optionally, on the basis of any of the above devices, the device can further include:

[0094] The passive source seismic data updating module can be used to perform elimination processing on the passive source seismic data after the active source seismic data and the passive source seismic data of the target work area are acquired, and update the passive source seismic data according to the elimination processing result, wherein the elimination processing includes noise elimination processing and / or interference elimination processing.

[0095] Optionally, the migration velocity model construction module 330 is specifically configured to:

[0096] The initial velocity model and the active source seismic data are combined, and nonlinear full waveform inversion technology is used for inversion imaging to construct the migration velocity model.

[0097] The seismic imaging device provided by the embodiment of the present application acquires the active source seismic data and the passive source seismic data of the target work area through the seismic data acquisition module, which is the data basis for seismic imaging; the initial velocity model construction module is used to perform imaging based on the passive source seismic data for the migration velocity model to be constructed, and the background velocity model obtained is used as the initial velocity model of the migration velocity model, which can represent the missing low-frequency information in the active source seismic data; the migration velocity model construction module is used to combine the initial velocity model and the active source seismic data for inversion imaging to construct the migration velocity model, and the supplement of the low-frequency information can help improve the construction precision of the migration velocity model; the seismic imaging module is used to perform migration imaging processing on the active source seismic data based on the migration velocity model to obtain the underground structure image of the target work area. The above device uses the low-frequency information in the passive source seismic data to supplement the missing low-frequency information in the active source seismic data, so as to improve the construction precision of the migration velocity model, and on this basis, the active source seismic data is subjected to migration imaging processing, so as to improve the imaging quality of the seismic imaging, that is, improve the quality of the ultra-deep seismic data.

[0098] The seismic imaging apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present application can perform the seismic imaging method provided by any of the embodiments of the present application, and has the corresponding function modules and advantages of performing the method.

[0099] It is worth noting that, in the embodiments of the above seismic imaging apparatus, each unit and module included is only divided according to the function logic, but is not limited to the above division, as long as the corresponding function can be realized; in addition, the specific name of each function unit is only for the convenience of mutual differentiation, and is not used to limit the protection scope of the present application.

[0100] Figure 7 A structural schematic diagram of an electronic device 10 that can be used to implement embodiments of the present application is shown. The electronic device is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptops, desktops, tablets, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframes, and other appropriate computers. The electronic device can also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processors, cellular telephones, smart phones, wearable devices (e.g., headsets, glasses, watches, etc.), and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions, are meant to be examples only, and are not intended to limit the implementations of the present application described and / or claimed in this document.

[0101] As shown in Figure 7 The electronic device 10 includes at least one processor 11, and a memory, such as a read-only memory (ROM) 12, a random access memory (RAM) 13, etc., which is communicatively connected to the at least one processor 11, wherein the memory stores a computer program that can be executed by the at least one processor, and the processor 11 can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to the computer program stored in the read-only memory (ROM) 12 or loaded into the random access memory (RAM) 13 from the storage unit 18. In the RAM 13, various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device 10 can also be stored. The processor 11, the ROM 12, and the RAM 13 are connected to each other through a bus 14. An input / output (I / O) interface 15 is also connected to the bus 14.

[0102] A plurality of components in the electronic device 10 are connected to the I / O interface 15, including: an input unit 16, such as a keyboard, a mouse, etc.; an output unit 17, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; a storage unit 18, such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc.; and a communication unit 19, such as a network card, a modem, a wireless communication transceiver, etc. The communication unit 19 allows the electronic device 10 to exchange information / data with other devices through a computer network, such as the Internet, and / or various telecommunications networks.

[0103] The processor 11 can be various general and / or special purpose processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of the processor 11 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various specialized artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various processors running machine learning model algorithms, a digital signal processor (DSP), and any suitable processor, controller, microcontroller, and the like. The processor 11 performs various methods and processes described above, such as the seismic imaging method.

[0104] In some embodiments, the seismic imaging method can be implemented as a computer program tangibly embodied in a computer readable storage medium, such as the storage unit 18. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program can be loaded and / or installed onto the electronic device 10 via the ROM 12 and / or the communication unit 19. When the computer program is loaded onto the RAM 13 and executed by the processor 11, one or more steps of the seismic imaging method described above can be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the processor 11 can be configured to perform the seismic imaging method by any other suitable means, such as by means of firmware.

[0105] Various implementations of the systems and techniques described above can be realized in digital electronic circuitry, integrated circuitry, a field programmable gate array (FPGA), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a system on a chip (SOC), a programmable logic device (PLD), a computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various implementations can include implementation in one or more computer programs that are executable and / or interpretable on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which can be special or general purpose, coupled to receive data and instructions from, and to transmit data and instructions to, a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device.

[0106] Computer programs used to implement the methods of the application can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs can be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the computer program, when executed, implements the functions / acts specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams. The computer program can be executed entirely on a machine, partially on a machine, partially on a machine and partially on a remote machine or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0107] In the context of the present application, a computer-readable storage medium can be a tangible medium that can contain or store a computer program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. A computer-readable storage medium can include, but is not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. Alternatively, a computer-readable storage medium can be a machine-readable signal medium. More specific examples of a machine-readable storage medium will include one or more lines of a program of instructions in a transitory signal, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0108] To provide for interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described here can be implemented on an electronic device having a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to the user and a keyboard and a pointing device (e.g., a mouse or a trackball) by which the user can provide input to the electronic device. Other kinds of devices can be used to provide for interaction with a user as well; for example, feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form, including acoustic, speech, or tactile input.

[0109] The systems and techniques described here can be implemented in a computing system that includes a back end component (e.g., as a data server), or that includes a middleware component (e.g., an application server), or that includes a front end component (e.g., a user computer having a graphical user interface or a Web browser through which a user can interact with an implementation of the systems and techniques described here), or any combination of such back end, middleware, or front end components. The components of the system can be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a blockchain network, and the Internet.

[0110] The computing system can include clients and servers. A client and server are generally remote from each other and typically interact through a communication network. The relationship of client and server arises by virtue of computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship to each other. The server can be a cloud server, also known as a cloud computing server or cloud host, which is a host product in the cloud computing service system, to solve the defects of large management difficulty and weak business scalability in traditional physical host and VPS service.

[0111] It should be understood that the various forms of flow shown above can be used to reorder, add or delete steps. For example, each step described in the present application can be executed in parallel, sequentially or in a different order, as long as the desired results of the technical solutions of the present application can be achieved, which is not limited herein.

[0112] The above detailed description does not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A method of seismic imaging, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: acquiring active source seismic data and passive source seismic data of a target work area; performing imaging based on the passive source seismic data for a migration velocity model to be constructed, and taking a background velocity model obtained as an initial velocity model of the migration velocity model; performing inversion imaging by combining the initial velocity model and the active source seismic data to construct the migration velocity model; performing migration imaging processing on the active source seismic data based on the migration velocity model to obtain an underground structure image of the target work area.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The passive source seismic data is received by multiple seismographs, and the imaging based on the passive source seismic data comprises the following steps: extracting an empirical Green function of the passive source seismic data through cross-correlation processing of continuous time signals between the multiple seismographs to obtain useful signals in the passive source seismic data; stacking energy coherent parts in an ambient noise field corresponding to the useful signals to improve a signal-to-noise ratio of the useful signals; performing imaging of an underground medium structure of the target work area by using the useful signals with the improved signal-to-noise ratio.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, The active source seismic data is acquired on a target seismic line, and multiple seismographs are arranged on the target seismic line to make the active source seismic data and the passive source seismic data correspond to consistent spatial positions.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein, In a case where the target seismic line is a straight line, the multiple seismographs are arranged according to a starting point position and an end point position of the target seismic line; In a case where the target seismic line is a broken line, the multiple seismographs are arranged according to the starting point position, the end point position, and a turning point position of each turning point on the target seismic line.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, After the active source seismic data and the passive source seismic data of the target work area are acquired, the method further comprises the following steps: performing elimination processing on the passive source seismic data, and updating the passive source seismic data according to an elimination processing result, wherein the elimination processing comprises noise elimination processing and / or interference elimination processing.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein, The method of constructing the migration velocity model by combining the initial velocity model and the active source seismic data comprises the following steps: combining the initial velocity model and the active source seismic data, and performing inversion imaging by using a nonlinear full waveform inversion technology to construct the migration velocity model.

7. A seismic imaging apparatus, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: a seismic data acquisition module, configured to acquire active source seismic data and passive source seismic data of a target work area; an initial velocity model construction module, configured to perform imaging based on the passive source seismic data for a migration velocity model to be constructed, and take a background velocity model obtained as an initial velocity model of the migration velocity model; a migration velocity model construction module, configured to perform inversion imaging by combining the initial velocity model and the active source seismic data to construct the migration velocity model; a seismic imaging module, configured to perform migration imaging processing on the active source seismic data based on the migration velocity model to obtain an underground structure image of the target work area.

8. An electronic device, comprising: The method comprises the following steps: at least one processor; and ​ a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein The memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, and the computer program is executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the seismic imaging method according to any one of claims 1-6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer readable storage medium stores computer instructions for enabling a processor to perform, when executed, the seismic imaging method according to any one of claims 1-6.

10. A computer program product, characterised in that, The computer program product comprises a computer program which, when executed by a processor, enables the seismic imaging method according to any one of claims 1-6.

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