Interface interaction method and device, equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention relates to an interface interaction method and device, equipment and a storage medium. The method comprises the steps that in a viewing interface, a content item associated with a first user is presented; in response to a first operation received through the viewing interface, presenting an interactive interface, the interactive interface being associated with a virtual object corresponding to the first user; and in response to receiving input content of a second user via the interactive interface, providing response content from the virtual object in the interactive interface, the response content being generated based on the reference information associated with the content item. In this way, according to the embodiment of the disclosure, by providing the at least one candidate topic determined based on the reference information associated with the live broadcast user, the topic configuration efficiency of the live broadcast user can be improved. Moreover, according to the embodiment of the invention, the topic interaction of the live broadcast room is promoted by presenting the first interaction entrance associated with the first topic configured by the live broadcast user in the live broadcast interface, so that the interaction efficiency of the user can be improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] Example embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to the field of computers, and in particular, to a method, apparatus, device and computer-readable storage medium for interface interaction. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of computer technology, some Internet platforms or applications, etc. begin to support users to create, share and play media content. In order to enrich the creation content and the viewing content, some platforms or applications also support users to perform some interactions related to live broadcast, for example, can support users to enter a live broadcast room to watch live broadcast, and for example, can also support a live broadcast user to initiate a live broadcast activity. SUMMARY

[0003] In a first aspect of the present disclosure, a method for interface interaction is provided. The method comprises: presenting, to a live broadcast user, a configuration portal associated with a live broadcast room; in response to a trigger of the configuration portal, presenting a set of candidate topics, at least one candidate topic in the set of candidate topics being determined based on reference information associated with the live broadcast user; and in response to a selection, by the live broadcast user, of a first topic in the at least one candidate topic, triggering presentation of a first interaction portal associated with the first topic in a live broadcast interface of the live broadcast room.

[0004] In a second aspect of the present disclosure, an apparatus for interface interaction is provided. The apparatus comprises: a first presentation module configured to present, to a live broadcast user, a configuration portal associated with a live broadcast room; a second presentation module configured to, in response to a trigger of the configuration portal, present a set of candidate topics, at least one candidate topic in the set of candidate topics being determined based on reference information associated with the live broadcast user; and a third presentation module configured to, in response to a selection, by the live broadcast user, of a first topic in the at least one candidate topic, trigger presentation of a first interaction portal associated with the first topic in a live broadcast interface of the live broadcast room.

[0005] In a third aspect of the present disclosure, an electronic device is provided. The device comprises at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions for execution by the at least one processor. The instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the device to perform the method of the first aspect.

[0006] In a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium is provided. The computer-readable storage medium has stored thereon a computer program, the computer program being executable by a processor to implement the method of the first aspect.

[0007] In a fifth aspect of the disclosure, a computer program product is provided. The computer program product is tangibly stored in a computer storage medium and includes computer- executable instructions that, when executed by a device, cause the device to perform the method of the first aspect.

[0008] It should be understood that nothing in the Summary is to be construed as a limitation on the scope of the embodiments of the disclosure or the present disclosure. Various embodiments of the disclosure will be described in conjunction with the drawings, which are intended to be exemplary only and not limiting. The following detailed description is not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of the disclosure or the present disclosure. Rather, the following detailed description, in connection with the drawings, is intended to describe various embodiments of the disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0009] The above and other features, aspects, and advantages of embodiments of the present disclosure will become more apparent from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, like reference numerals refer to like elements, wherein:

[0010] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing an example environment in which embodiments according to the present disclosure can be implemented is shown;

[0011] Figures 2A to 2E An example interface according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0012] Figures 3A to 3B An example interface according to some other embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0013] Figure 4 A flowchart showing an example process for interface interaction according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0014] Figure 5 A schematic block diagram showing an example apparatus for interface interaction according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown; and

[0015] Figure 6 A block diagram of an electronic device capable of implementing various embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described below in greater detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While certain embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be embodied in various forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present disclosure will be more thoroughly and completely understood. It should be understood that the drawings and embodiments of the present disclosure are for exemplary purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.

[0017] It should be noted that the titles of any sections / sub-sections provided herein are not limiting. Various embodiments are described throughout this document and any type of embodiment can be included under any section / sub-section. Furthermore, embodiments described in any section / sub-section can be combined with any other embodiments described in the same section / sub-section and / or different section / sub-section in any manner.

[0018] In the description of embodiments of the disclosure, the term "includes" and its derivatives, such as "including" should be understood in an open way, i.e., "including but not limited to". The term "based on" should be understood as "at least partially based on". The term "one embodiment" or "the embodiment" should be understood as "at least one embodiment". The term "some embodiments" should be understood as "at least some embodiments". The following can also include other explicit and implicit definitions. The terms "first", "second", etc. can refer to different or same objects. The following can also include other explicit and implicit definitions.

[0019] In embodiments of the disclosure, data related to users, acquisition and / or use of data, etc. can be involved. These aspects all comply with corresponding laws and regulations and relevant provisions. In embodiments of the disclosure, all data collection, acquisition, processing, processing, forwarding, use, etc. are carried out on the premise that the user is aware of and confirms. Accordingly, when implementing embodiments of the disclosure, the type of data or information that can be involved, the scope of use, the scenario of use, etc. should be notified to the user and the authorization of the user should be obtained in a proper manner according to relevant laws and regulations. The specific notification and / or authorization manner can vary according to the actual situation and application scenario, and the scope of the disclosure is not limited in this respect.

[0020] In the specification and embodiments, if personal information processing is involved, it will be processed on the premise of legality (for example, obtaining the consent of the subject of personal information, or being necessary for the performance of a contract, etc.), and only within the prescribed or agreed scope. Users refuse to process personal information other than the necessary information required for basic functions, which will not affect the user's use of basic functions.

[0021] As mentioned above, with the development of computer technology, some Internet platforms or applications, etc. begin to support users to create, share and play media content. In order to enrich the creation content and watch content, some platforms or applications also support users to carry out some interactions related to live broadcast, for example, users can be supported to enter a live broadcast room to watch live broadcast, and for example, live broadcast users can also be supported to initiate live broadcast activities.

[0022] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a scheme for interface interaction. According to the scheme, a configuration portal associated with a live room can be presented to a live user. Further, a set of candidate topics can be presented in response to a trigger of the configuration portal, at least one candidate topic in the set of candidate topics being determined based on reference information associated with the live user. Additionally, a first interaction portal associated with the first topic can be triggered to be presented in a live interface of the live room in response to a selection of a first topic in the at least one candidate topic by the live user.

[0023] Based on such a manner, embodiments of the present disclosure can enable a live user to more conveniently configure a live topic (e.g., the first topic) of a live room by presenting the live user with a configuration portal associated with the live room and presenting a set of candidate topics for the live user to select in response to a trigger of the configuration portal. Further, embodiments of the present disclosure can enable the set of candidate topics to be more matched with the live user by providing the set of candidate topics including at least one candidate topic determined based on reference information associated with the live user, thereby improving configuration efficiency of the live user. Moreover, embodiments of the present disclosure can promote topic interaction of users (e.g., the live user, a spectator user, etc.) in the live interface by triggering the first interaction portal associated with the first topic to be presented in the live interface of the live room in response to a selection of the first topic by the live user, thereby improving interaction efficiency of the users.

[0024] Thus, embodiments of the present disclosure can improve efficiency of a live user in configuring a topic by providing at least one candidate topic determined based on reference information associated with the live user in a set of candidate topics selectable by the live user. Moreover, embodiments of the present disclosure can further improve interaction efficiency of users by promoting topic interaction of the live room by presenting a first interaction portal associated with a first topic configured by the live user in a live interface.

[0025] Various example implementations of the scheme are described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0026] Example Environment

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating an example environment 100 in which embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented is shown. As shown, the example environment 100 can include an electronic device 110. Figure 1

[0028] ​In this example environment 100, the electronic device 110 can run an application 120 that supports interface interaction. The application 120 can be any suitable type of application for interface interaction, examples of which can include, but are not limited to, a live streaming application, an online video application, a content sharing application, or other suitable application. A user 140 (e.g., a live streaming user or a spectator user) can interact with the application 120 via the electronic device 110 and / or its attached devices. As an example, a live streaming user can be a user who initiates a live streaming activity, and a spectator user can be a user who watches a live streaming activity.

[0029] In Figure 1 In the environment 100, if the application 120 is in an active state, the electronic device 110 can present an interface 150 for supporting interface interaction via the application 120.

[0030] In some embodiments, the electronic device 110 communicates with the server 130 to implement the provisioning of services for the application 120. The electronic device 110 can be any type of mobile terminal, fixed terminal, or portable terminal including a mobile handset, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a notebook computer, a netbook computer, a tablet computer, a media computer, a multimedia tablet, a palmtop computer, a portable gaming terminal, a VR / AR device, a Personal Communication System (PCS) device, a personal navigation device, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), an audio / video player, a digital camera / camcorder, a positioning device, a television receiver, a radio broadcast receiver, an electronic book device, a game device, or any combination thereof, including accessories and peripherals of these devices, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the electronic device 110 can also support any type of interface to a user (such as “wearable” circuitry, etc.).

[0031] The server 130 can be a standalone physical server, a server cluster or distributed system composed of multiple physical servers, or a cloud server providing cloud services, cloud databases, cloud computing, cloud functions, cloud storage, network services, cloud communications, middleware services, domain name services, security services, content distribution networks, and basic cloud computing services such as big data and artificial intelligence platforms. The server 130 may, for example, include a computing system / server, such as a mainframe, an edge computing node, a computing device in a cloud environment, etc. The server 130 can provide background services for the application 120 in the electronic device 110 that supports content presentation.

[0032] A communication connection can be established between the server 130 and the electronic device 110. The communication connection can be established through a wired manner or a wireless manner. The communication connection can include, but is not limited to, a Bluetooth connection, a mobile network connection, a Universal Serial Bus (USB) connection, a Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) connection, and the like, and embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited in this regard. In embodiments of the present disclosure, the server 130 and the electronic device 110 can implement signaling interaction through the communication connection therebetween.

[0033] It should be understood that the structure and function of the various elements in the environment 100 are described for illustrative purposes only, without implying any limitation on the scope of the present disclosure.

[0034] Some example embodiments of the present disclosure will be described below with continued reference to the drawings.

[0035] Example interactions

[0036] Example One

[0037] Some example interaction processes according to embodiments of the present disclosure will be described below with reference to Figures 2A to 2E . Figures 2A to 2E Example interfaces 200A-200E according to some embodiments of the present disclosure are shown, which can be provided by the electronic device 110 shown, for example. Figure 1

[0038] In some embodiments, the electronic device 110 can present an interface 200A as shown in Figure 2A , which can include an interface for interface interaction. As an example, such an interface 200A can include a plurality of tabs corresponding to a plurality of labels, for example, as shown in Figure 2A , the interface 200A can present a label 211-1 "Start Live", a label 211-2 "Template", a label 211-3 "Snap", and the like. Each tab corresponding to each label can support a live user to create different types of media content. Taking the label 211-1 as an example, the interface 200A can present a tab page 220 corresponding to the label 211-1 "Start Live". Such a tab page 220 can support a live user to initiate a live activity, for example, the live user can trigger a live room to be started by triggering a control 221 in such a tab page 220. As an example, such a live room can be a network live program started by a live user, for example, through which the live user can perform live streaming.

[0039] ​In some embodiments, such interface 200A can support the live user to configure some information related to the live room before going live. As an example, the electronic device 110 can present an entry 222 to the live user, such an entry 222 can include a configuration entry associated with the live room. As an example, such an entry 222 can indicate at least one topic to help the live user understand the configuration entry. For example, the entry 222 can indicate the topic “food in city A” and the like.

[0040] In some embodiments, the live user can trigger the entry 222 to trigger to present a set of candidate topics (also referred to as, a first set of candidate topics). As an example, according to Figure 2B As shown in the interface 200B, such a set of candidate topics can include the topic 231-1 (e.g., “outdoor outfit guide”), the topic 231-2 (e.g., “life common sense that cannot be unknown”), the topic 231-3 (e.g., “food in city A”), the topic 231-4 (e.g., “time with pets”), the topic 231-5 (e.g., “stories of those years”), the topic 231-6 (e.g., “scenery in games”), and the like, which can be referred to individually or collectively as the topics 231. As an example, such a set of candidate topics can be presented in a panel 230 (e.g., a panel indicating “topic interaction”) to present such a set of candidate topics more clearly to the live user.

[0041] In some examples, the topics 231 can be determined based on reference information associated with the live user. As such, the electronic device 110 can present the candidate topics 231 that are more matched to the live user, thereby can improve the efficiency of the live user to configure the topics.

[0042] In some examples, the reference information associated with the live user can include historical live information associated with the live user. As an example, such historical live information can indicate historical live content of the live user, historical interaction content associated with historical live events of the live user, and the like.

[0043] In some examples, the electronic device 110 (or the server 130) can determine a set of topics associated with the live user. As an example, such a set of topics is stored in a topic library, the electronic device 110 can determine such a set of topics from such a topic library. As an example, such a set of topics can include a plurality of candidate topics determined based on historical live events of the live user. Further, the electronic device 110 (or the server 130) can determine such topics 231 from the plurality of candidate topics.

[0044] As an example, such multiple candidate topics can be filtered based on historical live streaming content of the live streaming user. Thus, the electronic device 110 (or the server 130) can determine, from the multiple candidate topics, the candidate topic 231 with which the historical live streaming content of the live streaming user has a higher relevance. As an example, such relevance can be determined by using any appropriate relevance determination tool, and embodiments of the present disclosure are not intended to be limited to such a manner of determining the relevance.

[0045] In some examples, such multiple candidate topics can be determined by clustering historical interaction content associated with historical live streaming time, and specific implementation manners of determining at least one sub-topic by clustering multiple pieces of interaction content associated with a first topic are not described herein again. Based on this, embodiments of the present disclosure can improve the quality of the candidate topics 231.

[0046] As an example, such historical interaction content can include comment content, like content, and the like triggered by at least one user (for example, including the live streaming user, a spectator user, and the like) in the historical live streaming event of the live streaming user. Thus, embodiments of the present disclosure can improve the relevance of such topics 231 to the live streaming user, thereby improving the quality of such topics 231.

[0047] In some examples, such topics 231 can also be associated with additional live streaming users. As an example, such additional live streaming users can be different from the live streaming user. For example, such topics 231 can be determined based on reference information associated with the additional live streaming users, and specific implementation manners of determining candidate topics based on reference information associated with the live streaming user can be referred to. As an example, the acquisition and use of the reference information associated with the additional live streaming users are performed with the knowledge and permission of the additional live streaming users, and both comply with the corresponding laws, regulations, and relevant provisions. Thus, embodiments of the present disclosure can improve the richness of the presented set of candidate topics.

[0048] In some embodiments, the live streaming user can trigger the entry 222 to trigger the presentation of a set of content items corresponding to such a set of candidate topics. For example, according to Figure 2B As shown in the interface 200B, the electronic device 110 can present the content item 232-1 corresponding to the topic 231-1, the content item 232-2 corresponding to the topic 231-2, the content item 232-3 corresponding to the topic 231-3, and the like, which can be individually or collectively referred to as the content item 232 corresponding to the topic 231.

[0049] In some embodiments, such content item 232 can include a corresponding candidate topic and a description label corresponding to the corresponding candidate topic. As an example, such description label can indicate some description information of the corresponding candidate topic, which may, for example, include a category of the candidate topic, an overview of the candidate topic, and / or the like.

[0050] As an example, as shown in Figure 2B content item 232-1 can include topic 231-1 “outdoor wear guide” and description label 233-1 “daily” corresponding to topic 231-1. As another example, content item 232-2 can include topic 231-2 “unforgettable life common sense” and description label 233-2 “daily” corresponding to topic 231-2. As a further example, content item 232-3 can include topic 231-3 “food in city A” and description label 233-2 “food” corresponding to topic 231-2, and / or the like.

[0051] Based on such description label, embodiments of the present disclosure can improve the amount of information presented about topic 231, which can help the live user to more conveniently understand the corresponding candidate topic and improve the efficiency of the live user to acquire information.

[0052] In some embodiments, electronic device 110 can present, in interface 200B, a content item corresponding to the topic indicated by entry 222 in a specified style. For example, entry 222 indicates topic “food in city A”, and electronic device 110 can present content item 232-3 in a specified style in the case that panel 230 is triggered to be presented. As an example, such specified style can include any suitable display style that is different from the display style of other content items in panel 230. In this way, the live user can quickly acquire information related to the topic indicated by entry 222.

[0053] In some embodiments, the live user can trigger to update the set of candidate topics presented in such panel 230. In some examples, electronic device 110 can update at least part of the set of candidate topics presented in panel 230 in the case that the live user triggers to present the panel 230, i.e., the live user can trigger to present at least partially different candidate topics for each trigger of the panel 230. In other examples, as shown in Figure 2B panel 230 to trigger to update such topics 231-5, 231-6. In this way, embodiments of the present disclosure can provide the live user with more selectable candidate topics, thereby further improving the richness of candidate topics.

[0054] In some embodiments, the live user can trigger the control 235 to trigger presenting, in a live interface of the live room, an interactive entry associated with the selected topic 231-3 (also referred to as a first topic). As an example, such a live interface can be a first live interface of the live user. Alternatively or additionally, such a live interface can be a second live interface of a spectator user. For example, Figure 2C As shown in the interface 200C, the electronic device 110 can present a first live interface of the live user, such as the interface 200C.

[0055] In some examples, such an interface 200C can present an interactive entry 241 (also referred to as a first interactive entry) associated with the topic 231-3. As an example, such an interactive entry 241 can indicate that the topic 231-3 is “food in City A”. In this way, the live user, a spectator user watching the live room, or the like can interact based on the topic 231-3 through the live interface of the live room, which can improve the efficiency of user interaction with the live room.

[0056] In some embodiments, the interface 200C can present a description label 231-3 (also referred to as a target description label) corresponding to the topic 231-3, which is “food”. As an example, such a description label 231-3 can be presented at any appropriate position in the interface 200C and can be presented in any appropriate display style. In this way, embodiments of the present disclosure can support users to further understand such a topic 231-3 through the live interface, which can improve the efficiency of users obtaining information from the live interface.

[0057] In some embodiments, in order to ensure the timeliness of the content presented in the live interface, the electronic device 110 can stop presenting the interactive entry 241 when the presentation duration of the interactive entry 241 reaches a preset duration. Alternatively or additionally, the electronic device 110 can switch the interactive entry 241 to a second interactive entry associated with a second topic when the presentation duration of the interactive entry 241 reaches a preset duration.

[0058] As an example, such a second topic can be determined based on interactive content associated with the live interface. As an example, the interactive content associated with the live interface can be comment content in the live interface, or the like, for example, the live interface includes comment content related to the scenery of City A, and then the first topic can be, for example, “the scenery of City A”. In this way, embodiments of the present disclosure can update the interactive entry presented in the live interface and the topic associated therewith in a timely manner using the interactive content associated with the live interface, which can improve the content presentation quality of the live interface.

[0059] In some embodiments, a live stream user can trigger a topic change by triggering interaction entry 241. Alternatively or additionally, a live stream user can trigger a topic change from the interaction menu by triggering an interaction entry. For example, according to Figure 2D As shown in the interface 200D, live streaming users can trigger entry 242 to trigger the presentation panel 250 (e.g., an interactive menu), and in such panel 250, trigger entry 251 to change the topic in the live streaming interface.

[0060] Furthermore, according to Figure 2E As shown in interface 200E, live stream users can trigger interactive entry 241 or entry 251 to activate display panel 260. This panel 260 can display a second set of candidate topics. For example, the second set of candidate topics may include topic 261-1 "The Sea You Saw," topic 261-2 "Travel Guide to City A," topic 261-3 "Food in City A," topic 261-4 "Your Encounter with Your Pet," topic 261-5 "People You Met in Your Youth," etc., which can be referred to individually or collectively as topic 261.

[0061] In some examples, such topic 261 may be determined based on reference information associated with the live stream user. Such reference information may include at least one of the following: live stream content associated with the live stream interface; interactive content associated with the live stream interface; and historical live stream information associated with the live stream user.

[0062] As an example, the live content associated with the live streaming interface may include media content broadcast live in the live streaming interface within a preset time period (e.g., within X minutes before the current time, etc.), such as live stream segments of preset duration.

[0063] As an example, interactive content associated with the live streaming interface may include comments, likes, etc. Historical live streaming information associated with a live streaming user can be referenced from the historical live streaming information described above, and will not be repeated here. Based on such reference information, embodiments of this disclosure can present higher-quality candidate topics 261 to live streaming users, thereby improving the efficiency of live streaming users updating topics.

[0064] In some examples, panel 260 may also include content items 262 corresponding to topic 261 (e.g., content item 262-1 corresponding to topic 261-1, content item 262-2 corresponding to topic 261-2, content item 262-3 corresponding to topic 261-3, etc.). Content item 262 may include the corresponding topic 261 and a description label corresponding to the corresponding topic 261. As an example, a detailed description of panel 260 can be found in the detailed description of content item 232, which will not be repeated here.

[0065] In some examples, the second set of candidate topics can reserve the topic selected by the live user in the interface 200B. For example, such topic 261-4 can be the same topic as topic 231-4, and in turn, such content item 262-3 can be consistent with content item 232-3. Further, the live user can trigger selection of content item 262-3 and trigger control 263 (e.g., “cancel topic”) to trigger cancellation of presenting interactive portal 241 in the live interface. Thus, embodiments of the present disclosure can support the live user to trigger the display state of configuring interactive portal 241, thereby improving the interactive richness.

[0066] In some examples, the live user can select a candidate topic from panel 260 to update the topic of the live. For example, the live user can trigger selection of candidate topic 261-1 (also referred to as a third topic) to trigger presentation of a third interactive portal associated with candidate topic 261-1 in the live interface. As an example, the specific presentation form of the third interactive portal and the interaction process related to the third interactive portal can refer to the discussion about the first interactive portal as described above, and will not be described here.

[0067] Based on this, embodiments of the present disclosure can improve the interaction efficiency of the live user in the live activity for the topic of the live.

[0068] Example Two

[0069] Some other example interaction processes according to embodiments of the present disclosure will be described below with reference to Figures 3A to 3B . Figures 3A to 3B Example interfaces 300A-300B according to some embodiments of the present disclosure are shown, which can be provided by the electronic device 110 shown, for example. Figure 1 .

[0070] In some embodiments, the electronic device 110 can present an interface 300A as shown in Figure 3A , which can include an interface for interface interaction. As an example, such interface 300A can be a second live interface corresponding to a spectator user. Such interface 300A can present live content of a live user. As an example, such interface 300A can present an interactive portal 311, which can be associated with a first topic (e.g., “food in City A”). As an example, the second live interface can present a description label “food” corresponding to the first topic, and can trigger the description label “food” to trigger viewing of more live rooms associated with the description label “food”.

[0071] In some embodiments, the spectator user can trigger the interaction entry 311 to trigger presenting the interaction panel in the second live interface. For example, the spectator user can trigger the control 312 in the interaction entry 311 to trigger presenting the interaction panel 320 in the second live interface 200B as shown in FIG. 2B. Figure 2B The interaction panel 320 in the interface 200B as shown.

[0072] As an example, the interaction panel 320 can include description information associated with the first topic. Here, the description information can include, for example, a number of participants associated with the first topic, at least one interaction content associated with the first topic, etc. Here, the interaction content can be, for example, a topic name of the first topic, at least one interaction content associated with the first topic, etc.

[0073] In some embodiments, the spectator user can trigger sending the interaction content associated with the first topic through such an interaction panel 320. For example, the electronic device 110 can provide an input component 321 in the interaction panel 320, the input component 321 being associated with the first topic. Further, the electronic device 110 can receive an input operation of the spectator user 140 via the input component 321 to post the interaction content determined based on the input operation.

[0074] As an example, such an interaction content can be, for example, a comment content, a like content, etc. Since the interaction panel 320 is associated with the first topic, the interaction content acquired via the input component 321 can be automatically associated to the first topic. In this way, embodiments of the present disclosure support sending the interaction content associated with the first topic more conveniently through the interaction panel, thereby improving the interaction efficiency of the user.

[0075] In some embodiments, the description information can indicate at least one sub-topic associated with the second topic. For example, as shown in FIG. 2B, the description information can indicate the at least one sub-topic including the sub-topic 322-1 “A City’s Dumplings are the Representative”, the sub-topic 322-2 “A City’s Soy Milk is Unbeatable”, the sub-topic 322-3 “A City’s Noodles are Unavoidable”, etc., which can be referred to as the sub-topics 322 collectively or individually. Figure 3B As shown, such at least one sub-topic can include the sub-topic 322-1 “A City’s Dumplings are the Representative”, the sub-topic 322-2 “A City’s Soy Milk is Unbeatable”, the sub-topic 322-3 “A City’s Noodles are Unavoidable”, etc., which can be referred to as the sub-topics 322 collectively or individually.

[0076] As an example, such at least one sub-topic can be determined by clustering a plurality of interaction contents associated with the first topic. Taking the interaction content including the comment content as an example, the server 130 can acquire a group of comment contents associated with the first topic. As an example, the server 130 can filter the group of comment contents associated with the first topic from a plurality of comment contents associated with the live interface through any appropriate algorithm. Further, the server 130 can provide such a group of comment contents to any appropriate topic generation tool to cluster such a group of comment contents, thereby generating the sub-topic 322 associated with the first topic.

[0077] Therefore, the embodiments of the present disclosure can present at least one sub-topic associated with the first topic in the viewing panel, and then the discussion of the participants of the interaction event on different directions of the first topic can be represented through the at least one sub-topic. Based on this, the embodiments of the present disclosure can enable the user to more clearly and conveniently obtain information associated with the first topic.

[0078] In some embodiments, the electronic device 110 can also present the interaction degree of different sub-topics in the interaction panel 320. Specifically, the description information also indicates first interaction information associated with the at least one sub-topic. The first interaction information indicates the interaction degree of different sub-topics. As an example, as shown in FIG. 3B, the electronic device 110 can present the first interaction information 333 in the interaction panel 320. The first interaction information 333 indicates the interaction degree of different sub-topics, which may, for example, be the number or proportion of comment contents corresponding to different sub-topics. Therefore, the embodiments of the present disclosure can present the interaction degree of different sub-topics in the interaction panel, so that the user can obtain more rich information associated with the first topic. Figure 3B

[0079] It should be understood that the above specific information items (for example, specific topics, specific sub-topics, specific interaction contents, specific numerical items, etc.) mentioned in the embodiments of the present disclosure are only exemplary, and the present disclosure is not intended to be limited thereto.

[0080] In this way, the embodiments of the present disclosure can improve the interaction efficiency of the audience user and the live interface.

[0081] Based on such a manner, the embodiments of the present disclosure can enable the live user to more conveniently configure the live topic (for example, the first topic) of the live room by presenting the configuration portal associated with the live room to the live user, and presenting a set of candidate topics for the live user to select in response to the triggering of the configuration portal. Further, the embodiments of the present disclosure can enable the set of candidate topics to be more matched with the live user by providing the set of candidate topics including at least one candidate topic determined based on the reference information associated with the live user, so as to improve the configuration efficiency of the live user. In addition, the embodiments of the present disclosure can promote the topic interaction of the user (for example, the live user, the audience user, etc.) in the live interface by triggering the presentation of the first interaction portal associated with the first topic in the live interface of the live room in response to the selection of the first topic by the live user, so as to improve the interaction efficiency of the user.

[0082] ​Thus, embodiments of the present disclosure can improve the efficiency of the live user configuring the topic by providing at least one candidate topic determined based on the reference information associated with the live user in the set of candidate topics selectable by the live user. Furthermore, embodiments of the present disclosure can promote the topic interaction in the live room by presenting the first interaction entrance associated with the first topic configured by the live user in the live interface, thereby further improving the user interaction efficiency.

[0083] Example process

[0084] Figure 4 A flowchart of a process 400 illustrating example interface interactions in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. The process 400 can be implemented at the electronic device 110. Reference is made below to the example environment of FIG. 1. Figure 1 The process 400 is described.

[0085] As shown in FIG. 4, at block 410, the electronic device 110 presents a configuration entrance associated with the live room to the live user. Figure 4

[0086] At block 420, the electronic device 110 presents a set of candidate topics in response to a trigger of the configuration entrance, at least one candidate topic in the set of candidate topics being determined based on reference information associated with the live user.

[0087] At block 430, the electronic device 110 triggers presentation of a first interaction entrance associated with a first topic in the live interface of the live room in response to a selection of the first topic in the at least one candidate topic by the live user.

[0088] In some embodiments, the live interface is further configured to: stop presenting the first interaction entrance in response to a presentation duration of the first interaction entrance reaching a preset duration; or update the first interaction entrance to a second interaction entrance associated with a second topic in response to the presentation duration of the first interaction entrance reaching the preset duration, the second topic being determined based on interaction content associated with the live interface.

[0089] In this way, embodiments of the present disclosure can present an improved timeliness of the interaction entrance presented in the live interface, thereby improving the content presentation quality of the live interface.

[0090] In some embodiments, the live interface includes a first live interface corresponding to the live user, the set of candidate topics is a first set of candidate topics, and the process 400 further includes: presenting a second set of candidate topics in the first live interface in response to a trigger of the first interaction entrance; and triggering updating of the first interaction entrance in the live interface to a third interaction entrance associated with a third topic in the second set of candidate topics in response to a selection of the third topic by the live user.

[0091] ​In this way, embodiments of the present disclosure can support the live user to flexibly adjust the live topic and the associated interactive portal during the live broadcast, thereby improving the interface interaction efficiency of the live user.

[0092] In some embodiments, the live interface includes a second live interface corresponding to a spectator user, and the process 400 further includes: in response to the triggering of the first interactive portal, presenting an interactive panel in the second live interface; and sending, via the interactive panel, the interactive content associated with the first topic.

[0093] In this way, embodiments of the present disclosure can support more convenient sending of the interactive content associated with the first topic through the interactive panel, thereby improving the interaction efficiency of the user.

[0094] In some embodiments, the process 400 further includes: presenting, in the interactive panel, description information associated with the first topic, the description information indicating at least one sub-topic associated with the first topic.

[0095] In this way, embodiments of the present disclosure can present at least one sub-topic associated with the first topic in the viewing panel, thereby representing the discussion of the participants of the interactive event on different directions of the first topic through the at least one sub-topic. Based on this, embodiments of the present disclosure can enable the user to more clearly and conveniently obtain information associated with the first topic.

[0096] In some embodiments, the description information further indicates: interactive information associated with the at least one sub-topic, the interactive information indicating the interactive degree of different sub-topics.

[0097] In this way, embodiments of the present disclosure can present the interactive degree of different sub-topics in the interactive panel, thereby enabling the user to obtain more rich information associated with the first topic.

[0098] In some embodiments, the at least one sub-topic is determined by clustering a plurality of interactive contents associated with the first topic.

[0099] In this way, embodiments of the present disclosure can determine the at least one sub-topic by clustering a plurality of interactive contents, thereby making the at least one sub-topic more accurate.

[0100] In some embodiments, the description information indicates at least one of: a number of participants associated with the first topic; and at least one interactive content associated with the first topic.

[0101] In this way, embodiments of the present disclosure can provide the user with more rich information associated with the second topic, thereby improving the efficiency of the user in obtaining information.

[0102] In some embodiments, the process 400 further includes: in response to receiving the update request associated with the set of candidate topics, updating at least part of the set of candidate topics.

[0103] In this way, embodiments of the present disclosure are capable of updating at least part of the set of candidate topics based on the update request, thereby more candidate topics can be provided for the live user to select from, and thus the interaction richness can be improved.

[0104] In some embodiments, the set of candidate topics further includes at least one first candidate topic and / or at least one second candidate topic, the at least one first candidate topic being associated with the additional live user, and the at least one second candidate topic being determined based on historical interaction content associated with a historical live event of the live user.

[0105] In this way, embodiments of the present disclosure further improve the richness of the presented set of candidate topics.

[0106] In some embodiments, in response to the triggering of the configuration portal, presenting the set of candidate topics includes: in response to the triggering of the configuration portal, presenting a set of content items corresponding to the set of candidate topics, wherein the content items include respective candidate topics and description labels corresponding to the respective candidate topics.

[0107] In this way, embodiments of the present disclosure are capable of improving the amount of information presented about the candidate topics, thereby the live user can be helped to understand the respective candidate topics more conveniently, and the efficiency of the live user to acquire information can be improved.

[0108] In some embodiments, the process 400 further includes: in response to the live user selecting a first topic in the at least one candidate topic, triggering presenting a target description label in the live interface, the target description label corresponding to the first topic.

[0109] In this way, embodiments of the present disclosure can support the user to further understand such candidate topics through the live interface, and thus the efficiency of the user to acquire information from the live interface can be improved.

[0110] In some embodiments, the description label indicates a category of the respective candidate topic.

[0111] In this way, embodiments of the present disclosure can support the user to quickly understand the category of the candidate topic, and thus the efficiency of the user to understand multiple candidate topics can be improved.

[0112] In some embodiments, the reference information includes at least one of: live content associated with the live interface; interaction content associated with the live interface; historical live information associated with the live user.

[0113] In this way, embodiments of the present disclosure can improve the quality of candidate topics identified based on reference information.

[0114] In some embodiments, at least one candidate topic is determined based on the following process: determining a set of topics associated with a live stream user, the set of topics including multiple candidate topics determined based on the live stream user's historical live stream events; and determining at least one candidate topic from the multiple candidate topics based on reference information.

[0115] In this way, embodiments of the present disclosure can improve the matching degree between at least one candidate topic and the live stream user, thereby further improving the efficiency of the live stream user in configuring topics.

[0116] In some embodiments, multiple candidate topics are determined by clustering historical interactive content associated with historical live events.

[0117] In this way, embodiments of the present disclosure can determine multiple candidate topics by clustering historical interactive content associated with historical live events, thereby making the multiple candidate topics more accurate.

[0118] Example devices and equipment

[0119] Embodiments of this disclosure also provide corresponding apparatus for implementing the above methods or processes. Figure 5 A schematic structural block diagram of an example device 500 for interface interaction according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. Device 500 may be implemented as or included in electronic device 110. Various modules / components in device 500 may be implemented by hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof.

[0120] like Figure 5 As shown, the device 500 includes a first presentation module 510 configured to present a configuration entry associated with the live streaming room to the live streaming user; a second presentation module 520 configured to present a set of candidate topics in response to the triggering of the configuration entry, wherein at least one of the candidate topics is determined based on reference information associated with the live streaming user; and a third presentation module 530 configured to trigger the presentation of a first interactive entry associated with the first topic in the live streaming interface of the live streaming room in response to the live streaming user's selection of a first topic from the at least one candidate topic.

[0121] In some embodiments, the device 500 further includes an entry processing module configured to: stop presenting the first interactive entry in response to the presentation duration of the first interactive entry reaching a preset duration; or update the first interactive entry to a second interactive entry associated with a second topic in response to the presentation duration of the first interactive entry reaching a preset duration, wherein the second topic is determined based on interactive content associated with the live streaming interface.

[0122] In some embodiments, the live streaming interface comprises a first live streaming interface corresponding to the live streaming user, the set of candidate topics comprises a first set of candidate topics, and the apparatus 500 further comprises a fourth presentation module configured to: in response to the triggering of the first interactive portal, present a second set of candidate topics in the first live streaming interface; and in response to the selection of a third topic in the second set of candidate topics by the live streaming user, trigger an update of the first interactive portal in the live streaming interface to a third interactive portal associated with the third topic.

[0123] In some embodiments, the live streaming interface comprises a second live streaming interface corresponding to the spectator user, and the apparatus 500 further comprises a sixth presentation module configured to: in response to the triggering of the first interactive portal, present an interactive panel in the second live streaming interface; and via the interactive panel, send the interactive content associated with the first topic.

[0124] In some embodiments, the apparatus 500 further comprises an information presentation module configured to: present, in the interactive panel, description information associated with the first topic, the description information indicating at least one sub-topic associated with the first topic.

[0125] In some embodiments, the description information further indicates: interactive information associated with the at least one sub-topic, the interactive information indicating an interactive degree of different sub-topics.

[0126] In some embodiments, the at least one sub-topic is determined by clustering a plurality of interactive contents associated with the first topic.

[0127] In some embodiments, the description information indicates at least one of: a number of participants associated with the first topic; at least one interactive content associated with the first topic.

[0128] In some embodiments, the apparatus 500 further comprises an update module configured to: in response to receiving an update request associated with the set of candidate topics, update at least part of the set of candidate topics.

[0129] In some embodiments, the set of candidate topics further comprises at least one first candidate topic and / or at least one second candidate topic, the at least one first candidate topic being associated with an additional live streaming user, and the at least one second candidate topic being determined based on historical interactive contents associated with historical live streaming events of the live streaming user.

[0130] In some embodiments, the second presentation module 520 is further configured to: in response to the triggering of the configuration portal, present a set of content items corresponding to the set of candidate topics, wherein a content item comprises a respective candidate topic and a description label corresponding to the respective candidate topic.

[0131] In some embodiments, the apparatus 500 further includes a label presenting module configured to, in response to the selection of the first topic in the at least one candidate topic by the live user, trigger presenting a target description label in the live interface, the target description label corresponding to the first topic.

[0132] In some embodiments, the description label indicates a category of the respective candidate topic.

[0133] In some embodiments, the reference information comprises at least one of: live content associated with the live interface; interactive content associated with the live interface; historical live information associated with the live user.

[0134] In some embodiments, the at least one candidate topic is determined based on a process comprising: determining a topic set associated with the live user, the topic set comprising a plurality of candidate topics determined based on historical live events of the live user; and determining the at least one candidate topic from the plurality of candidate topics based on the reference information.

[0135] In some embodiments, the plurality of candidate topics are determined by clustering historical interactive content associated with the historical live events.

[0136] The modules included in the apparatus 500 can be implemented in various ways, including software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, one or more of the units can be implemented using software and / or firmware, e.g., machine executable instructions stored on a machine readable medium. In addition to or alternatively, some or all of the modules in the apparatus 500 can be implemented at least partially by one or more hardware logic components. As an example and not by way of limitation, example types of hardware logic components that can be used include field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application-specific standard products (ASSPs), system-on-a-chip systems (SOCs), complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs), etc.

[0137] Figure 6 A block diagram of an electronic device 600 is shown in which one or more embodiments of the disclosure can be implemented. It should be understood that Figure 6 The electronic device 600 illustrated is merely exemplary and should not be taken as limiting the functionality and scope of the embodiments described herein. Figure 6 The electronic device 600 illustrated can be used to implement the electronic device 110 of Figure 1 or the apparatus 500 of Figure 5 .

[0138] As described above, the electronic device 600 can be used to implement the electronic device 110 of Figure 6As shown, the electronic device 600 is in the form of a general electronic device. Components of the electronic device 600 can include, but are not limited to, at least one processor 610 or processing unit, a memory 620, a storage device 630, one or more communication units 640, one or more input devices 650, and one or more output devices 660. The processor 610 can be a real or virtual processor and is capable of performing various processing according to programs stored in the memory 620. In a multi-processor system, multiple processors perform computer-executable instructions in parallel to improve parallel processing capability of the electronic device 600.

[0139] The electronic device 600 typically includes a plurality of computer storage media. Such media can be any available media that is accessible by the electronic device 600 and includes both volatile and non-volatile media, removable and non-removable media. The memory 620 can be a volatile memory (e.g., registers, cache, random access memory (RAM)), a non-volatile memory (e.g., read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory), or some combination thereof. The storage device 630 can be a removable or non-removable media and can include a machine-readable medium, such as a flash drive, a magnetic disk, or any other medium that can be used to store information and / or data and that can be accessed by the electronic device 600.

[0140] The electronic device 600 can further include additional removable / non-removable, volatile / non-volatile storage media. Although not shown in Figure 6 medium (e.g., a "floppy disk") or a removable, non-volatile tape. In such cases, each drive can be connected to the bus (not shown) by one or more data media interfaces. The memory 620 can include a computer program product 625 having one or more program modules configured to carry out the various methods or actions of the various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0141] The communication unit 640 enables communication with other electronic devices over communication media. Additionally, functionality of the components of the electronic device 600 can be implemented in a single computing cluster or a plurality of computer machines that are capable of communicating over a communication connection. As such, the electronic device 600 can operate in a networked environment using logical connections to one or more other servers, network personal computers (PCs), or another network nodes in a distributed computing environment.

[0142] The input device 650 can be one or more input devices such as a mouse, a keyboard, a trackball, etc. The output device 660 can be one or more output devices such as a display, a speaker, a printer, etc. The electronic device 600 can also communicate with one or more external devices (not shown) such as a storage device, a display device, etc., one or more devices that enable a user to interact with the electronic device 600, or any devices (e.g., a network card, a modem, etc.) that enable the electronic device 600 to communicate with one or more other electronic devices, as desired, via the communication unit 640. Such communication can be carried out via an input / output (I / O) interface (not shown).

[0143] According to an example implementation of the present disclosure, a computer readable storage medium is provided having computer executable instructions stored thereon, where the computer executable instructions are executed by a processor to implement the method described above. According to an example implementation of the present disclosure, a computer program product is also provided that is tangibly stored on a non-transitory computer readable medium and includes computer executable instructions, where the computer executable instructions are executed by a processor to implement the method described above.

[0144] The computer readable program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other device to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer, other programmable apparatus or other device to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide processes for implementing the functions / acts specified in the flowchart and / or block diagram block or blocks.

[0145] These computer readable program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions / acts specified in the flowchart and / or block diagram block or blocks. These computer readable program instructions can also be stored in a computer readable storage medium that can include a non-transitory computer readable storage medium. The instructions stored on the computer readable storage medium can be used to program a computer, a programmable data processing apparatus, and / or other devices to produce a manufactured product, such that the instructions which run on the computer, the programmable data processing apparatus, and / or other devices implement the functions / acts specified in the flowchart and / or block diagram block or blocks.

[0146] The computer readable program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other device to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer, other programmable apparatus or other device to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide processes for implementing the functions / acts specified in the flowchart and / or block diagram block or blocks.

[0147] The computer program product of the present disclosure can be a computer program product, which is a machine-readable medium (media) having instances of the software embodied thereon, such as computer software, firmware, wireless application protocol (WAP), middleware or microcode. For example, a computer program product can be a floppy disk, a CD-ROM, a DVD, a Blu-ray Disc™, a flash drive, a memory stick, a magnetic tape, or a hard disk drive. The computer program product can also be an article of manufacture that comprises a computer readable medium. The medium can comprise a hard disk drive, a memory, or a floppy diskette, which can be accessed using a drive unit. Additionally, the medium can comprise a storage device that can store program codes. The storage device can include, but is not limited to, devices needing a platter and a read / write head, optical disk drives such as CD-ROM, DVD, Blu-ray Disc™ drives, memory devices such as flash drives, memory sticks, or any device that stores digital information. Additionally, the medium can include a single storage device or a plurality of storage devices.

[0148] Various implementations of the disclosure have been described in detail above. The foregoing description is exemplary and explanatory only, and not exhaustive, of the disclosed implementations. Many modifications and variations of the implementations described herein are possible and will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the implementations described. The description of the term used herein is chosen for the purpose of explaining the principles of the implementations, practical application, or improvement over technology in the field, or to enable other ordinary skilled persons in the art to understand the various implementations disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method of interface interaction, comprising: presenting, to a live user, a configuration portal associated with a live room; in response to a trigger of the configuration portal, presenting a set of candidate topics, at least one candidate topic in the set of candidate topics being determined based on reference information associated with the live user; and in response to a selection of a first topic in the at least one candidate topic by the live user, triggering presentation of a first interaction portal associated with the first topic in a live interface of the live room.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the live interface is further configured to: stop presenting the first interaction portal in response to a presentation duration of the first interaction portal reaching a preset duration; or update the first interaction portal to a second interaction portal associated with a second topic in response to a presentation duration of the first interaction portal reaching a preset duration, the second topic being determined based on interaction content associated with the live interface.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the live interface comprises a first live interface corresponding to the live user, the set of candidate topics being a first set of candidate topics, the method further comprising: in response to the trigger of the first interaction portal, presenting a second set of candidate topics in the first live interface; and in response to a selection of a third topic in the second set of candidate topics by the live user, triggering an update of the first interaction portal in the live interface to a third interaction portal associated with the third topic.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the live interface comprises a second live interface corresponding to a spectator user, the method further comprising: in response to the trigger of the first interaction portal, presenting an interaction panel in the second live interface; and sending, via the interaction panel, interaction content associated with the first topic.

5. The method of claim 4, further comprising: presenting, in the interaction panel, description information associated with the first topic, the description information indicating at least one subtopic associated with the first topic.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the description information further indicates interaction information associated with the at least one subtopic, the interaction information indicating interaction degrees of different subtopics.

7. The method of claim 5, wherein the at least one subtopic is determined by clustering a plurality of interaction content associated with the first topic.

8. The method of claim 5, wherein the description information indicates at least one of: a number of participants associated with the first topic; and at least one interaction content associated with the first topic.

9. The method of claim 1, further comprising: in response to receiving an update request associated with the set of candidate topics, updating at least part of the set of candidate topics. ​ ​ ​ 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the set of candidate topics further comprises at least one first candidate topic and / or at least one second candidate topic, the at least one first candidate topic being associated with an additional live user, the at least one second candidate topic being determined based on historical interaction content associated with historical live events of the live user.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein presenting, in response to the trigger of the configuration portal, a set of candidate topics comprises: presenting, in response to the trigger of the configuration portal, a set of content items corresponding to the set of candidate topics, wherein a content item comprises a respective candidate topic and a description label corresponding to the respective candidate topic.

12. The method of claim 11, further comprising: triggering, in response to the selection of the first topic of the at least one candidate topic by the live user, presentation of a target description label in the live interface, the target description label corresponding to the first topic.

13. The method of claim 11, wherein the description label indicates a category of the respective candidate topic.

14. The method of claim 1, wherein the reference information comprises at least one of: live content associated with the live interface; interaction content associated with the live interface; historical live information associated with the live user.

15. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one candidate topic is determined based on a process comprising: determining a set of topics associated with the live user, the set of topics comprising a plurality of candidate topics determined based on historical live events of the live user; and determining the at least one candidate topic from the plurality of candidate topics based on the reference information.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the plurality of candidate topics are determined by clustering historical interaction content associated with the historical live events.

17. An apparatus for interface interaction, comprising: a first presentation module configured to present, to a live user, a configuration portal associated with a live room; a second presentation module configured to present, in response to a trigger of the configuration portal, a set of candidate topics, at least one candidate topic of the set of candidate topics being determined based on reference information associated with the live user; and a third presentation module configured to trigger, in response to a selection of a first topic of the at least one candidate topic by the live user, presentation of a first interaction portal associated with the first topic in a live interface of the live room.

18. An electronic device, comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions for execution by the at least one processor, the instructions when executed by the at least one processor cause the electronic device to perform the method of any of claims 1-16. ​ ​ 19. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon computer- executable instructions that can be executed by a processor to implement the method of any one of claims 1 to 16.

20. A computer program product tangibly stored in a computer storage medium and comprising computer-executable instructions that, when executed by a device, cause the device to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 16.

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