Solar cell and photovoltaic module

Abstract

The invention discloses a solar cell and a photovoltaic module, relates to the technical field of photovoltaic, and aims to prevent the solar cell from being damaged and the reliability of the module from being reduced due to the fact that different types of force of the solar cell acts on the same straight line in the same direction. The solar cell includes a cell body, a plurality of collector electrodes, a plurality of connection electrodes, and a plurality of electrical bonding portions. The plurality of collector electrodes extend along a first direction and are distributed at intervals along a second direction, and the first direction is different from the second direction. The plurality of connecting electrodes extend along the second direction and are distributed at intervals along the first direction. The plurality of electric combination parts are a plurality of groups of electric combination parts which are distributed at intervals along the first direction; each group of electric combination parts comprises at least two electric combination parts which are distributed at intervals in the second direction and are collinear, and each group of electric combination parts is electrically contacted with the partial current collection electrodes with the same polarity as the electric combination parts. The connection electrodes and the electric combination parts are not collinear in the second direction, and each connection electrode is electrically connected to at least part of the electric combination parts through part of the current collection electrodes in electrical contact with the connection electrode.

Description

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application No. 202510271931.3 filed on March 07, 2025, and titled "A solar cell and a photovoltaic module", the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular to a solar cell and a photovoltaic module. BACKGROUND

[0003] At present, solar cells are used more and more widely as a new energy alternative. Among them, photovoltaic solar cells are devices that convert solar light energy into electrical energy. Specifically, solar cells use the photovoltaic principle to generate carriers, and then use electrodes to lead out the carriers, thereby facilitating the effective use of electrical energy.

[0004] However, after the existing solar cells are connected together in series by interconnections to form a photovoltaic module, problems such as solar cell warping, solar cell hidden cracking, solar cell fragments, and / or poor solar cell contact are prone to occur. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a solar cell and a photovoltaic module for avoiding the simultaneous existence of multiple forces such as stress, interconnection tension, etc. in the extension direction of the interconnection on the solar cell after the solar cell is formed, which can effectively reduce the risks of solar cell warping, hidden cracking, fragmentation, poor contact, etc., improve the yield and working performance of the solar cell, and improve the reliability of the photovoltaic module.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, in a first aspect, the present application provides a solar cell, which comprises: a cell body, a plurality of current collecting electrodes, a plurality of connection electrodes, and a plurality of electrical junctions. The plurality of current collecting electrodes, the plurality of connection electrodes, and the plurality of electrical junctions are arranged on at least one of the front surface and the back surface of the cell body. On the same surface of the cell body, the plurality of current collecting electrodes extend along a first direction and are spaced apart along a second direction, the first direction being different from the second direction, the plurality of connection electrodes extend along the second direction and are spaced apart along the first direction; the plurality of electrical junctions are divided into a plurality of groups of electrical junctions spaced apart along the first direction, each group of electrical junctions comprises a plurality of electrical junctions spaced apart along the second direction and collinear, each group of electrical junctions is in electrical contact with at least part of the current collecting electrodes of the same polarity as itself; each connection electrode is in electrical contact with at least part of the current collecting electrodes of the same polarity as itself. Wherein, on the same surface of the cell body, the connection electrode and the electrical junction are not collinear along the second direction, and each connection electrode can be electrically connected to at least part of the electrical junctions through the part of the current collecting electrodes in electrical contact with itself.

[0007] The solar cell includes a collecting electrode, a connecting electrode and an electrical junction disposed on at least one of the front and back surfaces of the cell body. The electrical junction and the interconnector are electrically connected for connecting two adjacent solar cells in series to form a solar cell string. A single set of electrical junctions can include at least two electrical junctions spaced apart along a second direction and collinear, and the interconnector of a single string of solar cell string can extend along the direction collinear to the different electrical junctions in the same set, reducing the difficulty of laying the interconnector, and the interconnection force between the cell body and the interconnector is distributed along the extension direction of the interconnector. It can be understood that when the solar cell is in working condition, the plurality of collecting electrodes on the cell body are used to collect photo-generated carriers, and the collected carriers can be directly transmitted to the electrical junction in electrical contact with itself or first transmitted to the connecting electrode and then converged to the electrical junction. Finally, after forming a photovoltaic module, the photoelectric current is led out by the interconnector electrically connected to the electrical junction. The connecting electrode for collecting and transmitting carriers is different in material from the cell body, and there are forces such as stress, adhesion between the two, and these forces are usually distributed along the connecting electrode, which can affect the quality of the solar cell, such as causing hidden cracks and other cell damage. The solar cell provided in the present application has the following characteristics: on the same surface of the cell body, among all the collecting electrodes in electrical contact with a single connecting electrode, there are some collecting electrodes in electrical contact with the connecting electrode but not in electrical contact with the electrical junction, and there are some collecting electrodes in electrical contact with both the connecting electrode and some electrical junctions. In other words, there are some collecting electrodes that converge through the connecting electrode and then are electrically connected to the interconnector through the electrical junction, and of course there are some collecting electrodes that are directly electrically connected to the interconnector through the electrical junction. Therefore, the connecting electrode improves the collection of carriers in the edge region of the solar cell, while avoiding damage to the cell body (such as hidden cracks, fragments, etc.) caused by the electrical junction near the edge. In addition, each connecting electrode can be electrically connected to at least some electrical junctions through some collecting electrodes in electrical contact with itself, which is beneficial to the timely leading out of the carriers collected through the connecting electrode through the electrical junction in electrical contact with the connecting electrode. Since the interconnection force is distributed along the extension direction of the interconnector, i.e. the direction collinear to the different electrical junctions in the same set, the stress, adhesion and other forces between the connecting electrode and the cell body are distributed along the connecting electrode. When the connecting electrode and the electrical junction are not collinear along the second direction, it is ensured that different types of forces acting on different regions of the cell body do not act on the same straight line, because the direction, moment and other parameters of different types of forces are different, preventing the damage of the solar cell at different positions of different components caused by different types of forces acting on the same straight line. It can be seen that the solar cell provided in the present application can improve the collection of carriers in the cell, reduce the risk of solar cell warping, hidden cracks, fragments, poor contact and the like, improve the yield and working performance of the solar cell, and improve the reliability of the module.

[0008] As a possible implementation, the number of current collecting electrodes in electrical contact with the same connecting electrode along the second direction is N1. In the group of electrical junctions adjacent to the connecting electrode, the number of electrical junctions through which the connecting electrode is electrically connected by current collecting electrodes is N2, and N2 is less than N1. At this time, the length of the projection of the connecting electrode and the matching electrical junction in the first direction along the second direction overlaps the length of the connecting electrode, which not only ensures that the carriers collected by the connecting electrode can be conducted to the interconnect through the corresponding electrical junction, but also reduces the use of materials for manufacturing the electrical junction, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the solar cell. At the same time, it is also beneficial to improve the light utilization rate of the solar cell.

[0009] As a possible implementation, among the connecting electrodes located in the same row along the first direction, the pitch of the adjacent two connecting electrodes along the first direction is alternately arranged in size. In this way, it is beneficial to make the connecting electrodes located in the same row along the first direction regularly distributed on the battery body, and further make the stress, adhesion and other forces between the connecting electrodes and the battery body regularly distributed, thereby reducing the risk of the battery body appearing fragments and other problems due to the concentrated force of a single area.

[0010] As a possible implementation, among the connecting electrodes located in the same row along the first direction, no electrical junction is arranged between the adjacent two connecting electrodes with smaller pitch along the first direction. In this way, the adjacent two connecting electrodes with smaller pitch along the first direction can timely collect and conduct the carriers in the adjacent area, which not only reduces the recombination rate of the carriers, but also does not need to arrange an electrical junction between the two connecting electrodes, which is beneficial to reduce the number of electrical junctions, reduce the stress and adhesion and other forces between the electrical junctions and the battery body, and at the same time, it is also beneficial to simplify the complexity of the electrode pattern on the battery body, and reduce the manufacturing difficulty of the electrode structure.

[0011] As a possible implementation, among the connection electrodes in the same row in the first direction, no current collecting electrode is arranged between two adjacent connection electrodes with smaller spacing in the first direction. The application principle of the beneficial effect in this case can refer to the application principle of the beneficial effect of no electrical junction between two adjacent connection electrodes with smaller spacing in the first direction described above, which will not be repeated here. In addition, in the case of a back contact solar cell, the current collecting electrode can be insulated from each other by being disconnected at the intersection of its own extension line and the connection electrode with opposite polarity. In addition, the profile of the corresponding doped semiconductor layer located below the current collecting electrode generally coincides with the distribution of the current collecting electrode, i.e. when the current collecting electrode has a gap in the first direction, the doped semiconductor layer also needs to be disconnected at the gap of the corresponding current collecting electrode to prevent short circuit caused by leakage. When no current collecting electrode is arranged between two adjacent connection electrodes with smaller spacing in the first direction, there is no need to arrange a complex pattern of isolation grooves in the doped semiconductor layer between two adjacent connection electrodes with smaller spacing in the first direction, which reduces the manufacturing difficulty.

[0012] As a possible implementation, the battery body includes two first edge regions oppositely distributed in the first direction, and a first intermediate region between the two first edge regions, among the connection electrodes in the same row in the first direction, the spacing in the first direction between at least one connection electrode on at least one first edge region and the adjacent connection electrode and / or the spacing in the first direction between at least one connection electrode on the first intermediate region and the adjacent connection electrode is greater than the spacing in the first direction between every two adjacent connection electrodes.

[0013] The edge part of the battery body has many defects, so that the number of carriers generated by itself in the working state is relatively small, and therefore the spacing in the first direction between at least one connection electrode on at least one first edge region of the battery body and the adjacent connection electrode is set to a larger value, which can ensure that the carriers in the first edge region are collected by the connection electrodes arranged on the first edge region of the battery body in time, while also helping to reduce the number of connection electrodes, and reducing the size of the stress, adhesion and other forces between the connection electrodes and the battery body. In addition, the spacing in the first direction between at least one connection electrode on the first intermediate region of the battery body and the adjacent connection electrode is set to a larger value, which can use the first intermediate region as a symmetry axis, so that the connection electrodes arranged on the remaining regions on both sides of the first intermediate region in the first direction are approximately symmetrically distributed, which is beneficial to the symmetric distribution of stress, adhesion and other forces on both sides of the first intermediate region of the battery body, i.e. it is beneficial to the more balanced distribution of forces on different regions of the battery body in the first direction, which helps to reduce the risk of warping, hidden cracking or fragmentation of the solar cell.

[0014] As a possible implementation, along the first direction, the spacing between the geometric centers of the different groups of electrical junctions is equal. In this way, the different groups of electrical junctions are evenly distributed on the battery body, which is conducive to evenly distributing the stress and adhesion between the battery body and the electrical junctions, the interconnection tension between the interconnectors and the battery body through the electrical junctions, and other forces on each area of the battery body along the first direction, preventing problems such as warping or cracking due to excessive concentration of forces in a single area.

[0015] As a possible implementation, among the different groups of electrical junctions located in the same row along the first direction, the spacing between adjacent two groups of electrical junctions along the first direction is alternately arranged in size. The application principle of the beneficial effects in this case can refer to the application principle of the beneficial effects of the alternately arranged in size along the first direction among the different connecting electrodes located in the same row along the first direction as described above, which will not be repeated here.

[0016] As a possible implementation, among the different groups of electrical junctions located in the same row along the first direction, the spacing between adjacent two groups of electrical junctions along the first direction is alternately arranged in size, and among the adjacent two groups of electrical junctions with smaller spacing along the first direction, no connecting electrode is arranged. The application principle of the beneficial effects in this case can refer to the application principle of the beneficial effects of the electrical junction and / or current collecting electrode not arranged between the adjacent two connecting electrodes with smaller spacing along the first direction as described above.

[0017] As a possible implementation, on the same face of the battery body, along the first direction, all connecting electrodes are located on the same side of the electrical junction adjacent to themselves. At this time, the distribution of different connecting electrodes on the battery body is more regular, which is conducive to evenly distributing the stress and adhesion between the different connecting electrodes and the battery body on different areas of the battery body, preventing problems such as warping or cracking due to excessive concentration of forces in a single area.

[0018] As a possible implementation, on the same face of the battery body, among all connecting electrodes, part of the connecting electrodes are located on one side of the electrical junction adjacent to themselves along the first direction, and the remaining connecting electrodes are located on the other side of the electrical junction adjacent to themselves along the first direction, and among every adjacent three connecting electrodes, the connecting electrode located in the middle and at least one of the remaining two connecting electrodes are located on the same side of the corresponding group of electrical junctions along the first direction. To improve the applicability of the solar cell provided by the present application in different application scenarios.

[0019] As a possible implementation, on the same face of the battery body, all the connection electrodes of one polarity are located on one side of the electrical junctions adjacent to themselves and of the same polarity along the first direction, and all the connection electrodes of the other polarity are located on the other side of the electrical junctions adjacent to themselves and of the same polarity along the first direction. In this way, the polarity of the connection electrodes can be clearly and accurately distinguished according to the different relative positions of each connection electrode on both sides of the electrical junctions along the first direction, facilitating subsequent interconnection operations and reducing the risk of short circuit. In addition, the connection electrodes of the same polarity can also be distributed approximately uniformly along the first direction, which is beneficial to uniformly distributing the forces such as stress and adhesion between the connection electrodes and the battery body along the first direction. Furthermore, the spacing between the connection electrodes of opposite polarity located in the same row along the first direction can be large, thereby reducing the risk of electric leakage.

[0020] As a possible implementation, on the same face of the battery body, all the connection electrodes of one polarity are located on the same side of the electrical junctions adjacent to themselves and of the same polarity along the first direction, and part of the connection electrodes of the other polarity are located on one side of the electrical junctions adjacent to themselves and of the same polarity along the first direction, and the rest of the connection electrodes of the other polarity are located on the other side of the electrical junctions adjacent to themselves and of the same polarity along the first direction. In this way, the relative positions of the connection electrodes of the other polarity and the electrical junctions adjacent to themselves and of the same polarity along the first direction can be flexibly set according to different actual needs, thereby improving the applicability of the solar cell provided by the present application in different application scenarios.

[0021] As a possible implementation, on the same face of the battery body, part of the connection electrodes of each of the two polarities are located on one side of the electrical junctions adjacent to themselves and of the same polarity along the first direction, and the rest of the connection electrodes of each of the two polarities are located on the other side of the electrical junctions adjacent to themselves and of the same polarity along the first direction. In this way, the relative positions of the connection electrodes of the two polarities and the electrical junctions adjacent to themselves and of the same polarity along the first direction can be flexibly set according to different actual needs, thereby improving the applicability of the solar cell provided by the present application in different application scenarios.

[0022] As a possible implementation, on the same face of the battery body, at least one pair of adjacent groups of electrical junctions is not provided with connection electrodes along the first direction. In this way, the current carriers collected by the current collecting electrodes located between the pair of adjacent groups of electrical junctions can be directly conducted out through the electrical junctions, without the need for additional conduction through the connection electrodes to the electrical junctions, which is beneficial to reducing transmission loss and improving the working efficiency of the solar cell.

[0023] As a possible implementation, on the same face of the battery body, at least one pair of two adjacent groups of electrical junctions is provided with two connecting electrodes spaced along the first direction. In this way, the risk of the carrier being unable to be timely exported due to the fracture of the current collecting electrode located between the two adjacent groups of electrical junctions can be reduced, and the collection effect of the carrier can be improved.

[0024] As a possible implementation, in the case where no connecting electrode is provided between at least one pair of two adjacent groups of electrical junctions along the first direction, on the same face of the battery body, the spacing of a pair of connecting electrodes adjacent to the two groups of electrical junctions along the first direction is greater than the spacing of the remaining pair of adjacent connecting electrodes.

[0025] As a possible implementation, at least one connecting electrode is provided on at least one first edge region of the battery body along the first direction. In the case where at least one connecting electrode is provided between each adjacent two groups of electrical junctions along the first direction, or in the case where no connecting electrode is provided between at least one group of electrical junctions located at the edge along the first direction and the adjacent group of electrical junctions along the first direction, the spacing of the connecting electrode provided on the at least one first edge region of the battery body along the first direction and the adjacent connecting electrode is greater than the spacing of the remaining pair of adjacent connecting electrodes along the first direction.

[0026] As a possible implementation, in the case where at least two connecting electrodes are provided between at least one pair of two adjacent groups of electrical junctions along the first direction, the spacing of the adjacent two connecting electrodes between the two adjacent groups of electrical junctions is less than the spacing of the remaining pair of adjacent connecting electrodes. The spacing of the connecting electrodes provided between the two adjacent groups of electrical junctions along the first direction can be prevented from being too large, so that the carrier collected by the connecting electrode needs to be transmitted for a longer path before being conducted to the electrical junction, thereby reducing the transmission loss.

[0027] As a possible implementation, the width of at least a partial region of at least part of the current collecting electrode in electrical contact with the connecting electrode along the first direction is greater than the width of the current collecting electrode not intersecting with the connecting electrode. Since the carriers of the multiple current collecting electrodes need to be transmitted through the connecting electrode, by thickening the current collecting electrode connected with the connecting electrode and the electrical junction, the distribution of the carriers can be adjusted, the collection and transmission of the carriers can be improved, the resistance can be reduced, and the carrier loss can be reduced. At the same time, the problem that the carrier collected by the connecting electrode cannot be timely exported to the adjacent electrical junction due to the virtual printing or fracture of the current collecting electrode used to electrically connect the connecting electrode and the adjacent electrical junction with the same polarity can be prevented, and the conversion efficiency of the solar cell can be improved.

[0028] As a possible implementation, the width of the part of the current collecting electrode between the connecting electrode and the electrically combined part adjacent to itself and of the same polarity is greater than the width of the other part of the current collecting electrode on the battery body. The application principle of the beneficial effect in this case can refer to the application principle of the beneficial effect described above that the width of the at least partial area of the at least part of the current collecting electrode in electrical contact with the connecting electrode in the first direction is greater than the width of the current collecting electrode not intersecting with the connecting electrode, which will not be described herein again.

[0029] As a possible implementation, in the case where the at least one connecting electrode is provided with a plurality of groups of electrically combined parts adjacent to itself and of the same polarity on at least one side in the first direction, the different groups of electrically combined parts corresponding to the same connecting electrode are spaced apart in the second direction, and one connecting electrode is provided between the adjacent two groups of electrically combined parts.

[0030] As a possible implementation, in the case where the solar cell is a back contact cell, two connecting electrodes of opposite polarity are provided between the at least one pair of adjacent groups of electrically combined parts of opposite polarity.

[0031] As a possible implementation, at least part of the current collecting electrode has a disconnection part through which the current collecting electrode is electrically insulated from the connecting electrode of opposite polarity. And, in the case where two connecting electrodes of opposite polarity are provided between the at least one pair of electrically combined parts, the partial areas of different disconnection parts between the pair of electrically combined parts are collinear.

[0032] When the disconnection parts of the current collecting electrodes of opposite polarity corresponding to the two connecting electrodes have collinear areas in the second direction, the complexity of the electrode pattern corresponding to the disconnection parts can be reduced, thereby reducing the processing difficulty of the patterning process of the first doped semiconductor part and the second doped semiconductor part located below the current collecting electrode, and facilitating the improvement of the yield of the solar cell.

[0033] In a second aspect, the present application provides a photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic module comprises a cell string and a packaging layer covering the surface of the cell string. The cell string comprises a plurality of solar cells provided in the first aspect and various implementation manners thereof, and an interconnector for connecting two adjacent solar cells in series in the same cell string. The interconnector is in electrical contact with the electrically combined parts included in the solar cell.

[0034] The beneficial effects of the second aspect and various implementation manners thereof in the present application can refer to the beneficial effect analysis in the first aspect and various implementation manners thereof, which will not be described herein again. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0035] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application. In the drawings:

[0036] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of distribution relationship of current collecting electrode, connecting electrode and electrical junction in back side of solar cell provided by the embodiment of the application Figure 1 ;

[0037] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of distribution relationship of current collecting electrode, connecting electrode and electrical junction in back side of solar cell provided by the embodiment of the application Figure 1 ;

[0038] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of distribution relationship of current collecting electrode, connecting electrode and electrical junction in back side of solar cell provided by the embodiment of the application Figure 2 ;

[0039] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of distribution relationship of current collecting electrode, connecting electrode and electrical junction in back side of solar cell provided by the embodiment of the application Figure 2 ;

[0040] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of distribution relationship of current collecting electrode, connecting electrode and electrical junction in back side of solar cell provided by the embodiment of the application Figure 3 ;

[0041] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of distribution relationship of current collecting electrode, connecting electrode and electrical junction in back side of solar cell provided by the embodiment of the application Figure 3 ;

[0042] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of distribution relationship of current collecting electrode, connecting electrode and electrical junction in back side of solar cell provided by the embodiment of the application Figure 4 ;

[0043] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of distribution relationship of current collecting electrode, connecting electrode and electrical junction in back side of solar cell provided by the embodiment of the application Figure 5 ;

[0044] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of distribution relationship of current collecting electrode, connecting electrode and electrical junction in back side of solar cell provided by the embodiment of the applicationFigure 4 ;

[0045] Figure 10 The distribution relationship of the current collecting electrode, the connecting electrode and the electrical junction on the back side of the solar cell provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the case of the double-sided contact solar cell Figure 5 ;

[0046] Figure 11 The distribution relationship of the current collecting electrode, the connecting electrode and the electrical junction on the back side of the solar cell provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the case of the double-sided contact solar cell Figure 6 ;

[0047] Figure 12 The distribution relationship of the current collecting electrode, the connecting electrode and the electrical junction on the back side of the solar cell provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the case of the back contact solar cell Figure 6 ;

[0048] Figure 13 The distribution relationship of the current collecting electrode, the connecting electrode and the electrical junction on the back side of the solar cell provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the case of the back contact solar cell Figure 7 ;

[0049] Figure 14 The distribution relationship of the current collecting electrode, the connecting electrode and the electrical junction on the back side of the solar cell provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the case of the double-sided contact solar cell Figure 7 ;

[0050] Figure 15 The distribution relationship of the current collecting electrode, the connecting electrode and the electrical junction on the back side of the solar cell provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the case of the back contact solar cell Figure 8 ;

[0051] Figure 16 The distribution relationship of the current collecting electrode, the connecting electrode and the electrical junction on the back side of the solar cell provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the case of the double-sided contact solar cell Figure 8 ;

[0052] Figure 17 The distribution relationship of the current collecting electrode, the connecting electrode and the electrical junction on the back side of the solar cell provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the case of the back contact solar cell Figure 9 ;

[0053] Figure 18 The distribution relationship of the current collecting electrode, the connecting electrode and the electrical junction on the back side of the solar cell provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the case of the double-sided contact solar cell Figure 9 ;

[0054] Figure 19The distribution relationship of the current collecting electrode, the connecting electrode and the electrical junction in the back side of the solar cell provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the case of the back contact solar cell Figure 10 ;

[0055] Figure 20 The distribution relationship of the current collecting electrode, the connecting electrode and the electrical junction in the back side of the solar cell provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the case of the back contact solar cell Figure 10 One;

[0056] Figure 21 The distribution relationship of the current collecting electrode, the connecting electrode and the electrical junction in the back side of the solar cell provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the case of the back contact solar cell Figure 10 Two;

[0057] Figure 22 The distribution relationship of the current collecting electrode, the connecting electrode and the electrical junction in the back side of the solar cell provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the case of the double contact solar cell Figure 10 ;

[0058] Figure 23 The distribution relationship of the current collecting electrode, the connecting electrode and the electrical junction in the back side of the solar cell provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the case of the back contact solar cell Figure 10 Three;

[0059] Figure 24 The distribution relationship of the current collecting electrode, the connecting electrode and the electrical junction in the back side of the solar cell provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the case of the double contact solar cell Figure 10 One;

[0060] Figure 25 The distribution relationship of the current collecting electrode, the connecting electrode and the electrical junction in the back side of the solar cell provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the case of the back contact solar cell Figure 10 Four;

[0061] Figure 26 The first structure of the photovoltaic module provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the case of the back contact solar cell

[0062] Figure 27 The second structure of the photovoltaic module provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the case of the back contact solar cell

[0063] Figure 28 The third structure of the photovoltaic module provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the case of the back contact solar cell

[0064] Figure 29 The distribution relationship of the current collecting electrode, the connecting electrode and the electrical junction in the back side of the solar cell provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the case of the back contact solar cell Figure 10 Five;

[0065] Figure 30 FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the distribution relationship of the current collecting electrode, the connecting electrode, and the electrical junction portion in the back side of the solar cell according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 10 Six;

[0066] Figure 31 FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the distribution relationship of the current collecting electrode, the connecting electrode, and the electrical junction portion in the back side of the solar cell according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 10 Seven.

[0067] The reference numeral 11 is a cell body, 12 is a current collecting electrode, 13 is an electrical junction portion, 14 is a connecting electrode, and 15 is an auxiliary collecting electrode. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0068] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present application will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood, however, that the description is merely exemplary of the present application, but not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Furthermore, in the following description, the description of well-known structures and techniques is omitted to avoid obscuring the concept of the present application.

[0069] In the drawings, various structural diagrams according to embodiments of the present application are shown. These diagrams are not drawn to scale, in which some details are exaggerated and some are omitted for the sake of clarity. The shapes of various regions, layers, and the relative sizes and positional relationships among them shown in the drawings are merely exemplary, and in actuality, they can be deviated due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations, and regions / layers having different shapes, sizes, and relative positions can be additionally designed by those skilled in the art as needed.

[0070] In the context of the present application, when a layer / element is said to be located "on" another layer / element, the layer / element can be directly located on the other layer / element, or an intervening layer / element can be present therebetween. In addition, if a layer / element is located "on" another layer / element in one orientation, it can be located "under" the other layer / element when the orientation is reversed. In order to make the technical problems to be solved, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of the present application more apparent, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely intended to explain the present application, and not to limit the present application.

[0071] In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used only for the purpose of description, and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise explicitly and specifically limited. The meaning of "several" is one or more, unless otherwise explicitly and specifically limited.

[0072] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral connection; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; it can be direct connection, or indirect connection through intermediate medium, it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0073] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a solar cell. As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 The solar cell comprises a cell body 11, a plurality of collecting electrodes 12, a plurality of connecting electrodes 14 and a plurality of electrical junctions 13.

[0074] The cell body is the main functional unit of the solar cell, and the cell body has a semiconductor substrate and various functional layers (such as doped semiconductor layers, passivation layers, anti-reflection layers, etc.) on the semiconductor substrate. The arrangement of the functional layers has different combinations according to different cell types.

[0075] The main role of the collecting electrode, the connecting electrode and the electrical junction is to collect and guide the carriers generated by the cell body to the external circuit.

[0076] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 The plurality of collecting electrodes 12, the plurality of connecting electrodes 14 and the plurality of electrical junctions 13 are arranged on at least one of the front and back surfaces of the cell body 11. On the same surface of the cell body 11, the plurality of collecting electrodes 12 extend along a first direction and are spaced apart along a second direction, the first direction being different from the second direction, and the plurality of connecting electrodes 14 extend along the second direction and are spaced apart along the first direction.

[0077] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the plurality of electrical junctions 13 are divided into a plurality of groups of electrical junctions 13 spaced apart along the first direction, and each group of electrical junctions 13 comprises at least two electrical junctions 13 spaced apart and collinear along the second direction, and each group of electrical junctions 13 is in electrical contact with at least part of the current collector electrode 12 of the same polarity. It is to be noted that the at least two electrical junctions 13 are collinear, which means that the geometric centers of the electrical junctions 13 and / or the at least partial regions of the electrical junctions 13 along the extension line of the collinear direction are on a straight line.

[0078] As shown, each connecting electrode 14 is in electrical contact with at least part of the current collector electrode 12 of the same polarity. On the same face of the battery body 11, the connecting electrode 14 is not collinear with the electrical junctions 13 along the second direction, and each connecting electrode 14 is electrically connected to at least part of the electrical junctions 13 through the part of the current collector electrode 12 in electrical contact with the connecting electrode 14. Figure 1 Figure 2 It is to be noted that on the same face of the battery body, the connecting electrode is not collinear with the electrical junctions along the second direction means that on the same face of the battery body, along the second direction, the connecting electrode itself and the extension line of the connecting electrode do not pass through any of the electrical junctions, that is, any of the electrical junctions is located outside the connecting electrode itself and the extension line of the connecting electrode.

[0079] It is to be noted that on the same face of the battery body, the connecting electrode is not collinear with the electrical junctions along the second direction means that on the same face of the battery body, along the second direction, the connecting electrode itself and the extension line of the connecting electrode do not pass through any of the electrical junctions, that is, any of the electrical junctions is located outside the connecting electrode itself and the extension line of the connecting electrode.

[0080] As shown, each connecting electrode 14 is in electrical contact with at least part of the current collector electrode 12 of the same polarity. On the same face of the battery body 11, the connecting electrode 14 is not collinear with the electrical junctions 13 along the second direction, and each connecting electrode 14 is electrically connected to at least part of the electrical junctions 13 through the part of the current collector electrode 12 in electrical contact with the connecting electrode 14. Figure 1 Figure 2 ​​As shown, the solar cell includes a plurality of collecting electrodes 12, a plurality of connecting electrodes 14 and a plurality of electrical junctions 13 disposed on at least one of the front and back surfaces of the cell body 11. The electrical junctions 13 and the interconnects are electrically connected for connecting two adjacent solar cells in series to form a solar cell string. A single set of electrical junctions 13 can include at least two electrical junctions 13 spaced apart along the second direction and collinear, and the interconnects of a single string of solar cell string can extend along the direction collinear to the different electrical junctions 13 in the same set, reducing the difficulty of laying the interconnects, and the interconnection tension between the cell body 11 and the interconnects is distributed along the extension direction of the interconnects. It can be understood that when the solar cell is in a working state, the plurality of collecting electrodes 12 on the cell body 11 are used to collect photo-generated carriers, and the collected carriers can be directly transmitted to the electrical junctions 13 in electrical contact with themselves or first transmitted to the connecting electrodes 14 and then converged to the electrical junctions 13. Finally, after forming a photovoltaic module, the photoelectric current is led out by the interconnects electrically connected to the electrical junctions 13. The connecting electrodes 14 for collecting and transmitting carriers are different in material from the cell body 11, and there are forces such as stress and adhesion between the two, and these forces are usually distributed along the connecting electrodes 14, which can affect the quality of the solar cell, such as causing hidden cracks and other cell damage. In the solar cell provided by the embodiment of the present application, among all the collecting electrodes 12 in electrical contact with a single connecting electrode 14 on the same surface of the cell body 11, there are some collecting electrodes 12 in electrical contact with the connecting electrode 14 but not in electrical contact with the electrical junctions 13, and there are some collecting electrodes 12 in electrical contact with the connecting electrode 14 and some electrical junctions 13 at the same time, in other words, there are some collecting electrodes 12 converging through the connecting electrode 14 and then electrically connected to the interconnects through the electrical junctions 13, and of course there are some collecting electrodes 12 directly electrically connected to the interconnects through the electrical junctions 13, so the connecting electrode 14 improves the carrier collection in the edge region of the solar cell, while avoiding the damage (such as hidden cracks, fragments, etc.) of the cell body 11 caused by the electrical junctions 13 close to the edge, and each connecting electrode 14 is electrically connected to the electrical junctions 13 through the collecting electrodes 12 in electrical contact with itself, which is conducive to the timely leading out of the carriers collected through the connecting electrode 14 through the electrical junctions 13 electrically connected to the connecting electrode 14. Since the interconnection tension is distributed along the extension direction of the interconnects, i.e. the direction collinear to the different electrical junctions 13 in the same set, the forces such as stress and adhesion between the connecting electrode 14 and the cell body 11 are distributed along the connecting electrode 14, and when the connecting electrode 14 and the electrical junction 13 are not collinear along the second direction, it is ensured that different types of forces acting on different regions of the cell body 11 are not on the same straight line, because the direction and moment of different types of forces are different, preventing the damage of the solar cell at different positions of different components caused by different types of forces on the same straight line.It can be seen that the solar cell provided by the embodiment of the present application can improve the collection of the carrier of the cell, reduce the risks of warping, hidden cracking, fragmentation, poor contact and the like of the solar cell, improve the yield and working performance of the solar cell, and improve the reliability of the module.

[0081] In actual application, the type of the solar cell is not specifically limited by the embodiment of the present application. From the aspect of the distribution of the positive and negative cells, the solar cell can be a back contact cell in which the positive and negative electrodes are both arranged on the back side of the cell, or a double-sided contact cell in which one of the positive and negative electrodes is arranged on the front side of the cell and the other is arranged on the back side of the cell.

[0082] From the aspect of the specific structure of the electrode, at least one connecting electrode can be used in combination with at least one group of electrical junctions adjacent to the connecting electrode and having the same polarity. The connecting electrode and the adjacent partial electrical junctions are electrically connected through the partial current collecting electrode. The adjacent structure in combination conducts the carrier, which can shorten the carrier transmission path and reduce the carrier recombination.

[0083] For example, the sum of the number of the current collecting electrodes electrically connected to all the connecting electrodes and the number of the current collecting electrodes electrically connected to all the electrical junctions can be greater than the total number of the current collecting electrodes, so as to ensure the comprehensiveness of the carrier collection.

[0084] For example, a single current collecting electrode can be electrically connected to at least one connecting electrode and / or at least one electrical junction, so as to ensure that the carriers collected by all the current collecting electrodes can be transmitted out.

[0085] The number of the connecting electrodes and the number of the groups of the electrical junctions used in combination can be determined according to actual needs and the type of the solar cell, which will be described in detail in Embodiment I and Embodiment II below.

[0086] In addition, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 , only at least one connecting electrode 14 and at least one group of electrical junctions 13 adjacent to the connecting electrode and having the same polarity can be used in combination. Alternatively, as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the system can also consist of at least one connecting electrode 14, at least one set of electrical junctions 13 adjacent to the at least one connecting electrode 14 and having the same polarity, and at least one auxiliary collecting electrode 15. The auxiliary collecting electrode 15 extends along a second direction and is used to electrically connect at least two electrical junctions 13 spaced apart along the second direction, thereby improving carrier collection and reducing the carrier recombination rate. On the same surface of the battery body 11, the auxiliary collecting electrode 15 and the electrical junctions 13 electrically connected to it are collinear along the second direction. In addition, the auxiliary collecting electrode 15 can reduce the number of electrical junctions 13, and compared with the electrical junctions 13, the auxiliary collecting electrode has a smaller width, thereby reducing the stress and adhesion forces between the electrical junctions 13 and the battery body 11, and reducing the risk of problems such as warping or cracking of the solar cell.

[0087] In the solar cell provided in this application embodiment, the current collector electrode, connecting electrode, and auxiliary collecting electrode can be linear electrodes, zigzag electrodes, wavy electrodes, or electrodes of unequal width, etc. For example, the current collector electrode used to connect the connecting electrode to an adjacent electrical junction with the same polarity can be zigzag or wavy, which can prevent problems such as grid breakage due to poor printing. Another example: the connecting electrode can be designed as an electrode of unequal width with one end wider along the first direction and the other end narrower along the first direction. Yet another example: the auxiliary collecting electrode can be configured as an electrode of unequal width with both ends wider along the second direction and the middle narrower. This application embodiment does not specifically limit the morphology of the current collector electrode, connecting electrode, and auxiliary collecting electrode included in the solar cell, the total number of the three, the spacing between two adjacent current collector electrodes along the second direction, the spacing between two adjacent connecting electrodes along the first direction, and the spacing between two adjacent sets of electrical junctions along the first direction.

[0088] In addition, such as Figures 1 to 6 As shown, on the side of the battery body 11 where the current collector electrode 12, the connecting electrode 14, and the electrical junction portion 13 are provided, the widths of different current collector electrodes 12 along the second direction can be the same (the same width means the width difference is within ±5μm). The widths of different regions along the first direction of the same current collector electrode 12 can be the same.

[0089] Or, such as Figures 7 to 10As shown, the battery body 11 is provided with the collecting electrode 12, the connecting electrode 14 and the electrically connected part 13. Among all the collecting electrodes 12 on one side of the electrically connected part 13, at least part of the collecting electrodes 12 (it is to be noted that the collecting electrodes 12 in different rows are divided along the second direction, i.e. the collecting electrodes 12 in different rows are distributed along the second direction with intervals. When the same row of collecting electrodes includes multiple collecting electrodes, the different collecting electrodes 12 in the same row are distributed along the first direction with intervals) electrically connected with the connecting electrode 14 along the first direction, the width of at least the local area of the at least part of the collecting electrodes 12 can be different from the width of the collecting electrodes 12 not intersecting with the connecting electrode 14. As the carriers of the multiple collecting electrodes 12 need to be transmitted through the connecting electrode 14, by thickening the collecting electrodes 12 connected with the connecting electrode 14 and the electrically connected part 13, the distribution of the carriers can be adjusted, the collection and transmission of the carriers are improved, the resistance is reduced, and the loss of the carriers is reduced. At the same time, it can also prevent the problem of the collecting electrodes 12 used for electrically connecting the connecting electrode 14 and the adjacent electrically connected part 13 with the same polarity from appearing to be broken or offset, so that the carriers collected by the connecting electrode 14 cannot be timely guided out to the adjacent electrically connected part 13, which is beneficial to improving the conversion efficiency of the solar cell.

[0090] As shown in Figure 7 and Figure 9 , the width of the part of at least one row of collecting electrodes 12 between the connecting electrode 14 and the electrically connected part 13 can be greater than the width of the rest of the collecting electrodes 12. Alternatively, as shown in Figure 8 and Figure 10 , the width of each area of at least one row of collecting electrodes 12 used for electrically connecting the connecting electrode 14 and the adjacent electrically connected part 13 with the same polarity along the first direction can be greater than the width of the rest of the collecting electrodes 12. In addition, the collecting electrodes 12 electrically connected with the connecting electrode 14 and / or the collecting electrodes 12 located near the collecting electrodes 12 used for electrically connecting the connecting electrode 14 and the adjacent electrically connected part 13 with the same polarity can also be thickened according to the situation. The application principle of the beneficial effects of the thickened collecting electrodes can be referred to the foregoing, which will not be described herein.

[0091] Optionally, as shown in Figure 7 and Figure 9 , among all the collecting electrodes 12 on the battery body 11, the width of the part of the collecting electrodes 12 between the connecting electrode 14 and the electrically connected part 13 adjacent to itself and with the same polarity can be greater than the width of the other part of the collecting electrodes 12. The application principle of the beneficial effects in this case can be referred to the application principle of the beneficial effects of the width of at least the local area of at least part of the collecting electrodes 12 electrically connected with the connecting electrode 14 along the first direction being greater than the width of the collecting electrodes 12 not intersecting with the connecting electrode 14 described in the foregoing, which will not be described herein.

[0092] Optionally, among all the current collecting electrodes on the battery body, the width of the part of the current collecting electrode located at least between the two connection electrodes with the largest spacing in the first direction can be greater than the width of other parts of the current collecting electrode. At this time, the transmission path of the carriers collected by the current collecting electrode to the connection electrode through the connection electrode to the electrical junction is longer, and setting the width of the part of the current collecting electrode located at least between the two connection electrodes with the largest spacing in the first direction to a larger value can improve the carrier collection and transmission, reduce the resistance, and reduce the carrier loss. At the same time, it can also prevent the problem of virtual printing or fracture of this part of the current collecting electrode, so that the carriers collected by the connection electrode cannot be timely discharged to the adjacent electrical junction, which is beneficial to improve the conversion efficiency of the solar cell.

[0093] When the current collecting electrodes have a width difference, the specific width of the current collecting electrode and the width difference of the current collecting electrodes with different widths can be set according to actual needs, which is not limited here.

[0094] In some cases, the width of the current collecting electrode located on the inner side can also be greater than the width of the current collecting electrode located on the outer side in the direction from the edge to the center of the battery body. Such a setting can enhance the carrier collection capability of the current collecting electrode in the middle region of the battery body. The edge portion of the battery body has more defects, so that the number of carriers generated by itself in the working state is relatively small. Therefore, setting the width of the current collecting electrode located on the outer side in a relatively small range is also conducive to reducing the cost of the paste of the current collecting electrode, and conducive to improving the light utilization rate of the battery. This scheme is more suitable for use when the electrodes are arranged on the back surface of the battery body. When the electrodes are arranged on the front surface of the battery body, the center is considered as the main power generation area, and the width of the current collecting electrode in the power generation area is minimized to reduce the shading, so the width of the current collecting electrode located on the inner side can be less than the width of the current collecting electrode located on the outer side in the direction from the edge to the center of the battery body.

[0095] When the width of the current collecting electrode located on the inner side and the width of the current collecting electrode located on the outer side in the second direction are not equal, taking the width of the current collecting electrode located on the outer side being less than the width of the current collecting electrode located on the inner side as an example: the width of each at least one current collecting electrode located on the outer side can be less than the width of each at least one current collecting electrode located on the inner side, that is, the width can be gradually changed in the form of each strip, or the width can be gradually changed in the form of every multiple strips.

[0096] In addition, the battery body can have two first edges with opposite distribution along the first direction, two first edge regions with opposite distribution, and a first intermediate region between the two first edge regions. Along the first direction, there is no overlapping area between the first edge region and the first intermediate region. In addition, the battery body has two second edges with opposite distribution along the second direction, two second edge regions with opposite distribution, and a second intermediate region between the two second edge regions. Along the second direction, there is no overlapping area between the second edge region and the second intermediate region. Secondly, the region of the battery body between the two first edge regions along the first direction is defined as the first intermediate region. The region of the battery body between the two second edge regions along the second direction is defined as the second intermediate region.

[0097] In addition, along the first direction, the boundary of the first edge region to the boundary of the first intermediate region has a certain distance. Along the second direction, the boundary of the second edge region to the boundary of the second intermediate region has a certain distance. The specific distance is selected according to the actual situation. The ranges of the first edge region, the first intermediate region, the second edge region, and the second intermediate region can be determined according to the size of the battery body and the distribution of the electrode structure.

[0098] For example, along the first direction, in the case that the connecting electrode is distributed near the first edge, the first edge region can be the area between the straight line parallel to the first edge where the second connecting electrode near the first edge is located and the first edge. In the case that there is no connecting electrode near the first edge, the area between the straight line parallel to the first edge where the electrical junction part closest to the first edge is located and the first edge is the first edge region. The first intermediate region is the area enclosed by the three connecting electrodes near the center line of the battery body along the first direction and the extension line thereof along the second direction.

[0099] For example, along the second direction, in the case that the connecting electrode is distributed near the second edge, the second edge region can be the area between the straight line parallel to the second edge where the end of the connecting electrode away from the second edge is located and the second edge. In the case that there is no connecting electrode near the second edge or the connecting electrode is electrically connected to all the current collecting electrodes with the same polarity as the electrode shape, the area between the straight line parallel to the second edge where the electrical junction part closest to the second edge is located and the second edge is the second edge region. The second intermediate region is the area enclosed by the five current collecting electrodes near the center line of the battery body along the second direction and the extension line thereof along the first direction.

[0100] In addition, in the solar cell provided by the embodiment of the present application, the connecting electrode can be electrically connected to only part of the current collecting electrodes with the same polarity as itself, or can be electrically connected to all the current collecting electrodes with the same polarity as itself.

[0101] For example, Figure 11 andFigure 12 As shown in FIG. 1, the connecting electrode 14 can be arranged on at least one second edge region of the battery body 11 along the second direction and extend along a direction close to the second intermediate region; or, as shown in FIG. 2, the connecting electrode 14 can be arranged on the second intermediate region of the battery body 11 along the second direction; or, as shown in FIG. 3, the connecting electrode 14 arranged on at least one second edge region of the battery body 11 along the second direction and extend along a direction close to the second intermediate region, and the connecting electrode 14 arranged on the second intermediate region of the battery body 11 along the second direction. Figure 13 As shown in FIG. 1, the connecting electrode 14 can be arranged on at least one second edge region of the battery body 11 along the second direction and extend along a direction close to the second intermediate region; or, as shown in FIG. 2, the connecting electrode 14 can be arranged on the second intermediate region of the battery body 11 along the second direction; or, as shown in FIG. 3, the connecting electrode 14 arranged on at least one second edge region of the battery body 11 along the second direction and extend along a direction close to the second intermediate region, and the connecting electrode 14 arranged on the second intermediate region of the battery body 11 along the second direction. Figure 14 As shown in FIG. 1, the connecting electrode 14 can be arranged on at least one second edge region of the battery body 11 along the second direction and extend along a direction close to the second intermediate region; or, as shown in FIG. 2, the connecting electrode 14 can be arranged on the second intermediate region of the battery body 11 along the second direction; or, as shown in FIG. 3, the connecting electrode 14 arranged on at least one second edge region of the battery body 11 along the second direction and extend along a direction close to the second intermediate region, and the connecting electrode 14 arranged on the second intermediate region of the battery body 11 along the second direction.

[0102] As for the length of the connecting electrode, the length of the connecting electrode, the number of the current collecting electrodes in electrical contact with the connecting electrode, and the number of the electrical junctions in electrical contact with the connecting electrode can be set according to actual needs. In actual application, the number of the current collecting electrodes in electrical contact with the same connecting electrode along the second direction is defined as N1; at the same time, the number of the electrical junctions in electrical contact with the connecting electrode through the current collecting electrodes in a group of electrical junctions adjacent to the connecting electrode is defined as N2. In addition, the number of the current collecting electrodes in electrical contact with the same connecting electrode and not in electrical contact with the electrical junctions is defined as N3. It can be understood that there is a relationship between N1, N2 and N3: N1-N2=N3. In addition, N2 can also be used to represent the number of the electrical junctions in electrical contact with the connecting electrode. The size of N1, N2 and N3 can be selected according to actual conditions.

[0103] For example, N1 can be a positive integer greater than 2. At this time, the number of the current collecting electrodes in electrical contact with the connecting electrode is relatively large, which is beneficial to reduce the number of the electrical junctions, and in turn is beneficial to reduce the area of the interconnection in electrical contact with the battery body through the electrical junctions, and to reduce the stress between the two.

[0104] Of course, there can be at least one connecting electrode, and the number N1 of the current collecting electrodes in electrical contact with the connecting electrode is equal to 2. At this time, the number of the current collecting electrodes in electrical contact with the connecting electrode is relatively small, so that more current carriers collected by the current collecting electrodes can be directly transmitted to the electrical junctions in electrical contact therewith, which is beneficial to reduce the transmission loss of the current carriers.

[0105] For example, as shown in FIG. 1, Figure 13 As shown in FIG. 2, and Figure 14As shown, N2 can be less than N1, the number of current collecting electrodes 12 electrically contacting the same connecting electrode 14 along the second direction. In this case, the length of the projection of the connecting electrode 14 and the electrically combined part 13 used in conjunction along the first direction, which overlaps along the second direction, is less than the length of the connecting electrode 14. This not only ensures that the carriers collected by the connecting electrode 14 can be conducted to the interconnect through the corresponding electrically combined part 13, but also reduces the amount of material used to manufacture the electrically combined part 13, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the solar cell. At the same time, it is also beneficial to improve the light utilization rate of the solar cell.

[0106] Of course, in the case of multiple connecting electrodes used in conjunction with at least one set of electrically combined parts, there can also be at least one connecting electrode corresponding to N2 equal to N1, and N3 equal to 0 at this position.

[0107] For example, N3 can be equal to 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, or 10. This can prevent the length of the connecting electrode from being too large due to a too large N3, thereby reducing the transmission loss of the carriers.

[0108] Of course, in the case of multiple connecting electrodes used in conjunction with at least one set of electrically combined parts, there can also be at least one connecting electrode corresponding to N3 equal to 0. By providing such a connecting electrode, the risk of the current collecting electrode provided between two adjacent electrically combined parts along the second direction being broken and causing the carriers to be unable to be timely exported can be reduced.

[0109] For example, the number of current collecting electrodes (i.e., N2) that are electrically contacted by the connecting electrode at one end and electrically contacted by the electrically combined part adjacent to the connecting electrode at the other end can be greater than or equal to the number of current collecting electrodes (i.e., N3) that are electrically contacted by the connecting electrode only. By providing such a configuration, the carriers collected by the connecting electrode can be transmitted to the electrically combined part through a sufficient number of current collecting electrodes, and can be better dispersed to the interconnect, thereby reducing the transmission pressure of the carriers on a single electrically combined part, and reducing the risk of the carriers collected by the connecting electrode being unable to be timely exported after the current collecting electrode used to electrically connect the electrically combined part and the connecting electrode is broken.

[0110] Of course, N2 can also be less than N3. On the premise of ensuring that the connecting electrode can export the collected carriers to the adjacent electrically combined part through the electrically contacted current collecting electrode, this is beneficial to reduce the number of electrically combined parts, thereby reducing the stress and adhesion between the electrically combined part and the battery body, and the size of the interconnection force between the interconnect and the battery body through the electrically combined part, and reducing the risk of the solar cell being damaged, such as warping or cracking.

[0111] In addition, the size relationship between N2 and N3 can also be determined according to the size of the electrical bonding portion adjacent to the connecting electrode and electrically connected through the current collecting electrode. For example, when the size of the electrical bonding portion is large (e.g., the area of at least one electrical bonding portion adjacent to the connecting electrode and electrically connected through the current collecting electrode is larger than the area of the pad at other positions), N3 can be greater than or equal to N2. When the size of the electrical bonding portion is small (e.g., the electrical bonding portion can be a thickened section provided on the current collecting electrode), N3 is less than N2.

[0112] The specific length of the connecting electrode can be set according to the distribution of the electrical bonding portion and the connecting electrode and actual needs, which is not limited here.

[0113] For example, the length of the at least one connecting electrode in the second direction can be greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 20 mm. It can be understood that the length of the connecting electrode in the second direction will affect the number of current collecting electrodes in electrical contact with the connecting electrode when the distance between two adjacent current collecting electrodes in the second direction is fixed. Therefore, when the length of the at least one connecting electrode in the second direction is within the above range, it can prevent too many current collecting electrodes from being required to be transmitted through the connecting electrode to reach the electrical bonding portion for output, thereby reducing the transmission loss of the carriers. At the same time, it is beneficial to reduce the stress and adhesion force between the connecting electrode and the battery body. In addition, it can also prevent the number of electrical bonding portions from being too large due to the small length of the connecting electrode, thereby controlling the interconnection area between the interconnection member and the battery body through the electrical bonding portion, reducing the stress and adhesion force, and reducing the interconnection tension between the interconnection member and the battery body, and reducing the risk of damage such as warping or cracking of the solar cell.

[0114] The lengths of different connecting electrodes can be equal or unequal. The equal case will not be described again, and the unequal case can be selected according to the situation. Optionally, the lengths of the connecting electrodes at different positions are different, the length of the connecting electrode adjacent to the first edge is longer than that of the connecting electrode at other positions, which is beneficial to the collection of carriers at the edge position; the length of the connecting electrode adjacent to the second edge is longer than that of the connecting electrode in the second intermediate region, which improves the collection of carriers at the edge of the battery piece. Optionally, the lengths of the connecting electrodes of different polarities are different.

[0115] As for the width of the connecting electrode, the widths of the connecting electrode in different regions in the second direction can be the same or different. For example, in the second direction, the width of the connecting electrode can also gradually increase in the direction close to the electrical bonding portion, so as to improve the carrier collection and transmission capacity of the part of the connecting electrode close to the electrical bonding portion, and reduce the transmission resistance.

[0116] For example, along the first direction, the width of at least the outermost connecting electrode can be greater than the width of the other connecting electrodes to improve the carrier collection and transport capability of the outer connecting electrodes and reduce the transmission resistance.

[0117] In practical applications, along the first direction, the connecting electrodes can be positioned on either side of the electrical connection portion that they are used with. Along the first direction, multiple connecting electrodes 14 can be located on the same side of the electrical connection portion 13 they are used with, such as all located on the left side of the electrical connection portion 13, or all located on the right side of the electrical connection portion 13, for example... Figure 17 The connecting electrodes 14 shown are all located on the left side of the electrical connection portion 13; or, along the first direction, at least one connecting electrode 14 is located on one side of the electrical connection portion 13 that it is used with, and the remaining connecting electrodes 14 are located on the other side of the electrical connection portion 13 that they are used with, such as... Figure 15 and Figure 16 The portion of the connecting electrode 14 shown is located to the left of the electrical junction 13, and the portion of the connecting electrode 14 is located to the right of the electrical junction 13. This arrangement is applicable when a single connecting electrode 14 is used with at least one set of electrical junctions 13. When a single connecting electrode 14 is used with two or more sets of electrical junctions 13, in addition to the above arrangement, the connecting electrode 14 may also be located between two sets of electrical junctions 13 used with it, thereby ensuring that the charge carriers collected by the connecting electrode 14 can be better discharged. Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown, the multiple connecting electrodes 14 used together can be distributed at intervals along the second direction; or, at least two connecting electrodes have an overlapping portion when projected onto the same straight line parallel to the first direction along the second direction (the length of the overlapping portion can be set according to actual needs, and is not specifically limited here).

[0118] The distribution of adjacent connecting electrodes along the first direction and their respective electrical junctions can be configured according to actual needs. For example, on the same surface of the battery body, all connecting electrodes can be located on the same side along the first direction of their respective groups of electrical junctions (the respective groups of electrical junctions are those used with the connecting electrodes, i.e., those with the same polarity as the connecting electrodes and the smallest spacing along the first direction). Alternatively, as... Figure 15 and Figure 16 As shown, on the same side of the battery body 11, some of the connecting electrodes 14 are located on one side of the corresponding group of electrical junctions 13, and the remaining connecting electrodes 14 are located on the other side of the corresponding group of electrical junctions 13.

[0119] like Figures 14 to 16As shown, when some connecting electrodes 14 are located on one side of the corresponding group of electrical junctions 13, and the remaining connecting electrodes 14 are located on the other side of the corresponding group of electrical junctions 13, among every three adjacent connecting electrodes 14 along the first direction, the middle connecting electrode 14 and at least one of the other two connecting electrodes 14 can be located on the same side of the corresponding group of electrical junctions 13 along the first direction. For example: Figure 14 As shown, different connecting electrodes 14 can be symmetrically arranged with the approximate location of the centerline of the battery body 11 along the first direction as the line of symmetry. Alternatively, they can be symmetrically arranged in different regions of the battery body 11 along the first direction, with the approximate location of the centerline of the corresponding region as the line of symmetry. In this case, the distribution of different connecting electrodes 14 on the battery body 11 is more uniform, which is beneficial for the timely collection of charge carriers generated in different regions and reduces the recombination rate of charge carriers.

[0120] Alternatively, when some of the connecting electrodes are located on one side of the corresponding group of electrical junctions, and the rest are located on the other side of the corresponding group of electrical junctions along the connecting electrodes, such as... Figure 14 As shown, in each of the three adjacent connecting electrodes 14 spaced apart along the first direction, the middle connecting electrode 14 and the other two connecting electrodes 14 are located on different sides of the corresponding electrical junction portion 13 along the first direction. This improves the applicability of the solar cell provided in the embodiments of this application in different application scenarios.

[0121] For example, such as Figure 14 As shown, on the same surface of the battery body 11, along the first direction, at least one pair of adjacent electrical junctions 13 may not have a connecting electrode 14 between them. The pair of adjacent electrical junctions 13 may be the outermost pair of electrical junctions 13 along the second direction, or the pair of adjacent electrical junctions 13 may be the innermost pair of electrical junctions 13 along the second direction.

[0122] It is worth noting that when at least one pair of adjacent electrical junctions along the first direction may not have a connecting electrode, the charge carriers collected by the current collector electrode located between the two adjacent electrical junctions can be directly discharged through the electrical junction without having to be conducted to the electrical junction through the connecting electrode. This helps to reduce transmission loss and improve the working efficiency of the solar cell.

[0123] For example, such as Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown, on the same surface of the battery body 11, along a first direction, at least one pair of adjacent electrical junctions 13 are provided with two connecting electrodes 14 spaced apart along the first direction. The pair of adjacent electrical junctions 13 may be the outermost pair of electrical junctions 13 along a second direction, or the pair of adjacent electrical junctions 13 may be the innermost pair of electrical junctions 13 along the second direction.

[0124] It is worth noting that when two connecting electrodes are arranged between the at least one pair of two groups of electrical junctions adjacent in the first direction and spaced apart in the first direction, the risk of the current collector between the pair of adjacent two groups of electrical junctions breaking and failing to timely export the carriers can be reduced, thereby improving the collection effect of the carriers.

[0125] The spacing of the connecting electrodes in the same row in the first direction can be equal or unequal. It should be noted that the connecting electrodes in different rows are divided in the second direction, that is, the connecting electrodes in different rows are spaced apart in the second direction. The different connecting electrodes in the same row are spaced apart in the first direction.

[0126] When the spacing of the different connecting electrodes in the same row in the first direction is unequal, as shown in Figure 13 and Figure 14 , in the connecting electrodes 14 in the same row in the first direction, the spacing of every two connecting electrodes in the first direction can be alternately large and small, that is, arranged in an alternating manner of large spacing and small spacing or arranged in an alternating manner of small spacing and large spacing. At this time, the distribution of the different connecting electrodes 14 in the first direction has a certain regularity, which is beneficial to the collection of the carriers (the large spacing between different adjacent connecting electrodes is only relatively large with respect to the two small spacings adjacent to itself in the first direction. The different large spacings can be the same or different, and the specific value range of the large spacing can be set according to actual needs. The small spacing between different adjacent connecting electrodes is only relatively small with respect to the two large spacings adjacent to itself in the first direction. The different small spacings can be the same or different, and the specific value range of the small spacing can be set according to actual needs). Or, the large spacing and the small spacing can be arranged irregularly.

[0127] For example, as shown in Figure 2 , in the case that the spacing of the adjacent two connecting electrodes 14 in the first direction is alternately large and small among the different connecting electrodes 14 in the same row in the first direction, the adjacent two connecting electrodes 14 with small spacing in the first direction among the different connecting electrodes 14 in the same row in the first direction can not be provided with the electrical junction 13. In this way, the adjacent two connecting electrodes 14 with small spacing in the first direction can timely collect and conduct the carriers in the vicinity of themselves, while reducing the recombination rate of the carriers, without the need to arrange the electrical junction 13 between the two connecting electrodes 14, thereby reducing the number of electrical junctions 13, reducing the size of the stress and adhesion force between the electrical junctions 13 and the battery body 11, and simplifying the complexity of the electrode pattern on the battery body 11, and reducing the manufacturing difficulty of the electrode structure.

[0128] For example, as shown inFigure 30 As shown, in the case that the intervals of the adjacent two connecting electrodes 14 along the first direction are alternately arranged in size, among the different connecting electrodes 14 located in the same row along the first direction, the collecting electrode 12 can not be arranged between the adjacent two connecting electrodes 14 with smaller intervals along the first direction. The application principle of the beneficial effect in this case can refer to the application principle of the beneficial effect of the above-mentioned case that the electrically connecting part 13 is not arranged between the adjacent two connecting electrodes 14 with smaller intervals along the first direction, which will not be repeated here. In addition, in the case that the solar cell is a back contact cell, the collecting electrode 12 can be insulated from the connecting electrode 14 with opposite polarity by being disconnected at the intersection of the extension line of the collecting electrode 12 and the connecting electrode 14. In addition, the profile of the corresponding doped semiconductor layer located below the collecting electrode 12 is roughly consistent with the distribution of the collecting electrode 12, that is, when the collecting electrode 12 has intervals along the first direction, the doped semiconductor layer also needs to be arranged discontinuously at the intervals of the corresponding collecting electrode 12 to prevent short circuit caused by electric leakage. When the collecting electrode 12 is not arranged between the adjacent two connecting electrodes 14 with smaller intervals along the first direction, there is no need to arrange a relatively complex isolation groove in the doped semiconductor layer between the adjacent two connecting electrodes 14 with smaller intervals along the first direction, which reduces the manufacturing difficulty.

[0129] Of course, if the interval of the adjacent two connecting electrodes with smaller intervals along the first direction is also greater than a certain value, an electrically connecting part can be arranged between at least one pair of adjacent two connecting electrodes with smaller intervals along the first direction to reduce the transmission loss of the carriers collected by the connecting electrode when transmitted to the adjacent electrically connecting part, and to reduce the difficulty or inability of the carriers collected by the connecting electrode to be transmitted to the adjacent electrically connecting part due to the fracture of the collecting electrode, thereby improving the carrier collection efficiency and reducing the carrier recombination rate. Alternatively, a collecting electrode can also be arranged between at least one pair of adjacent two connecting electrodes with smaller intervals along the first direction to improve the carrier collection efficiency.

[0130] When the intervals of the different connecting electrodes located in the same row along the first direction are not equal along the first direction, as shown in FIG. 1C, the intervals of the adjacent two connecting electrodes 14 along the first direction are not equal, and the intervals of the adjacent two connecting electrodes 14 along the first direction are not equal. In this case, the collecting electrode 12 can be arranged between the adjacent two connecting electrodes 14 with smaller intervals along the first direction, and the electrically connecting part 13 can be arranged between the adjacent two connecting electrodes 14 with larger intervals along the first direction. Figure 21 and Figure 22As shown, the interval between the at least one connecting electrode 14 on the at least one first edge region of the battery body 11 and the adjacent connecting electrode 14 in the first direction can be greater than the interval between every two adjacent connecting electrodes 14 in the first direction. The edge portion of the battery body 11 has more defects, which makes the number of carriers generated in the working state relatively small. Therefore, by setting the interval between the at least one connecting electrode 14 on the at least one first edge region of the battery body 11 and the adjacent connecting electrode 14 in the first direction to a larger value, the first edge region carriers can be collected in time by the connecting electrodes 14 arranged on the first edge region of the battery body 11, while the number of connecting electrodes 14 is reduced, and the stress, adhesion and other forces between the connecting electrodes 14 and the battery body 11 are reduced.

[0131] Alternatively, as shown in Figure 23 and Figure 24 , the interval between at least one pair of adjacent connecting electrodes 14 on the inner side in the first direction can be greater than the interval between the connecting electrodes 14 on the first edge region and the adjacent connecting electrodes 14.

[0132] For example, as shown in Figure 23 and Figure 24 , among different connecting electrodes 14 in the same row in the first direction, the interval between the connecting electrodes 14 on the first intermediate region of the battery body 11 and the adjacent connecting electrodes 14 in the first direction can be greater than the interval between every two adjacent connecting electrodes 14 in the first direction. In this way, the first intermediate region is set as the symmetry axis, so that the connecting electrodes 14 arranged on the remaining regions on both sides of the first intermediate region in the first direction are approximately symmetrically distributed, which is beneficial to the symmetric distribution of stress, adhesion and other forces on both sides of the first intermediate region of the battery body 11, i.e., it is beneficial to the more balanced distribution of forces on different regions of the battery body 11 in the first direction, which reduces the risk of solar cell warping, hidden cracking or fragmentation.

[0133] For example, among different connecting electrodes in the same row in the first direction, the interval between the connecting electrodes on the region between the first edge region and the first intermediate region of the battery body and the adjacent connecting electrodes in the first direction can be greater than the interval between every two adjacent connecting electrodes in the first direction.

[0134] Optionally, in the case where the interval between the at least one connecting electrode on the at least one first edge region of the battery body and the adjacent connecting electrode in the first direction is greater than the interval between every two adjacent connecting electrodes in the first direction, the width of the part of the current collecting electrode between the connecting electrode on the first edge region of the battery body and the adjacent connecting electrode can be greater than the width of the other part of the current collecting electrode.

[0135] For example, in the case where the pitch between the connection electrode on the first intermediate region of the battery body and the adjacent connection electrode in the first direction is greater than the pitch between every other two adjacent connection electrodes in the first direction, the width of the portion of the current collecting electrode between the connection electrode on the first intermediate region of the battery body and the adjacent connection electrode can be greater than the width of the other portions of the current collecting electrode.

[0136] For example, as shown in FIG. 1, in the case where no connection electrode 14 is provided between at least one pair of adjacent two groups of electrical junctions 13, the pitch between a pair of connection electrodes 14 adjacent to the two groups of electrical junctions 13 on the same face of the battery body 11 in the first direction can be greater than the pitch between every other pair of adjacent two connection electrodes 14. Figures 21 to 24 For example, as shown in FIG. 1, in the case where no connection electrode 14 is provided between at least one pair of adjacent two groups of electrical junctions 13, the pitch between a pair of connection electrodes 14 adjacent to the two groups of electrical junctions 13 on the same face of the battery body 11 in the first direction can be greater than the pitch between every other pair of adjacent two connection electrodes 14.

[0137] Figures 1 to 22 For example, as shown in FIG. 1, in the case where no connection electrode 14 is provided between at least one pair of adjacent two groups of electrical junctions 13, the pitch between a pair of connection electrodes 14 adjacent to the two groups of electrical junctions 13 on the same face of the battery body 11 in the first direction can be greater than the pitch between every other pair of adjacent two connection electrodes 14.

[0138] For example, as shown in FIG. 1, in the case where no connection electrode 14 is provided between at least one pair of adjacent two groups of electrical junctions 13, the pitch between a pair of connection electrodes 14 adjacent to the two groups of electrical junctions 13 on the same face of the battery body 11 in the first direction can be greater than the pitch between every other pair of adjacent two connection electrodes 14. Figures 18 to 20 For example, as shown in FIG. 1, in the case where no connection electrode 14 is provided between at least one pair of adjacent two groups of electrical junctions 13, the pitch between a pair of connection electrodes 14 adjacent to the two groups of electrical junctions 13 on the same face of the battery body 11 in the first direction can be greater than the pitch between every other pair of adjacent two connection electrodes 14.

[0139] In addition, the minimum pitch between the connection electrode and the geometric center of the adjacent electrical junction having the same polarity in the first direction can be set according to the distribution of the connection electrode on the battery body and the actual needs, as long as the connection electrode and the electrical junction are not collinear in the second direction.

[0140] ​For example, the minimum distance between the geometric center of the connecting electrode and the geometric center of the adjacent electrical junction with the same polarity as the connecting electrode along the first direction can be greater than 0 and less than or equal to 15 mm. For example, the minimum distance between the geometric center of the connecting electrode and the geometric center of the adjacent electrical junction with the same polarity as the connecting electrode along the first direction can be 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, 5 mm, 7 mm, 9 mm, 10 mm, 12 mm, or 15 mm, etc. The minimum distance between the geometric center of the connecting electrode and the geometric center of the adjacent electrical junction with the same polarity as the connecting electrode along the first direction can be prevented from being too large, so that the current carriers collected by the current collecting electrode not in direct contact with the electrical junction have a longer transmission path to the electrical junction through the connecting electrode, which helps to reduce transmission loss and reduce the risk of the current carriers collected through the connecting electrode being unable to be exported in time due to the fracture of the current collecting electrode electrically connected with the electrical junction, thereby improving the working performance of the solar cell.

[0141] As shown in Figure 11 and Figure 12 , the minimum distance between the geometric center of the connecting electrode 14 and the geometric center of the adjacent electrical junction 13 with the same polarity as the connecting electrode 14 along the first direction can be less than, equal to, or equal to the distance between the connecting electrode 14 and at least one other connecting electrode 14 adjacent to the connecting electrode 14 along the first direction.

[0142] For example, as shown in Figures 21 to 24 , in the case where no connecting electrode 14 is provided between at least one pair of adjacent two groups of electrical junctions 13, the distance between the connecting electrodes 14 used in conjunction with the pair of adjacent two groups of electrical junctions 13 along the first direction is greater than the distance between the two connecting electrodes 14 and the electrical junctions 13 used in conjunction with them along the first direction, respectively.

[0143] For example, as shown in Figure 15 and Figure 16 , in the case where two connecting electrodes 14 are provided between at least one pair of adjacent two groups of electrical junctions 13 and are spaced apart along the first direction, the distance between the two connecting electrodes 14 along the first direction can be greater than or equal to the distance between the two connecting electrodes 14 and the electrical junctions 13 used in conjunction with them along the first direction, respectively.

[0144] In addition, the minimum distance between the geometric center of the connecting electrode and the geometric center of the adjacent electrical junction with the same polarity as the connecting electrode along the first direction can be equal or not equal.

[0145] For example, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the at least one connecting electrode 14 located at the outer side in the first direction is arranged at the end of the current collecting electrode 12 in the first direction, and the minimum distance between the geometric center of the connecting electrode 14 and the geometric center of the adjacent electrically combined part 13 with the same polarity of the connecting electrode 14 in the first direction can be greater than or equal to the minimum distance between the geometric center of the other connecting electrode 14 and the geometric center of the adjacent electrically combined part 13 with the same polarity of the connecting electrode 14 in the first direction. Since the edge portion of the battery body 11 has more defects, the power generation efficiency of the edge portion of the battery body 11 is relatively low, and the collection requirement of the corresponding carriers is also relatively low. Therefore, the minimum distance between the geometric center of the at least one connecting electrode 14 located at the outer side in the first direction and the geometric center of the adjacent electrically combined part 13 with the same polarity of the connecting electrode 14 in the first direction is set to a relatively large value, and the minimum distance between the geometric center of the other connecting electrode 14 and the geometric center of the adjacent electrically combined part 13 with the same polarity of the connecting electrode 14 in the first direction is set to a relatively small value, which is beneficial to meet the high carrier collection requirement of the battery body 11, reduce the carrier recombination rate in the middle region, and improve the working performance of the solar cell.

[0146] For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the solar cell 1 includes a plurality of connecting electrodes 14 and a plurality of electrically combined parts 13. The connecting electrodes 14 and the electrically combined parts 13 are arranged in a matrix form, and the connecting electrodes 14 and the electrically combined parts 13 are arranged in a staggered manner in the first direction and the second direction. Figures 29 to 31 As shown, the distance between the connecting electrode 14 and the adjacent electrically combined part 13 with the same polarity of the connecting electrode 14 in the first direction on the first edge region of the battery body 11 can be greater than the distance between the connecting electrode 14 and the adjacent electrically combined part 13 with the same polarity of the connecting electrode 14 in the first direction on the first middle region of the battery body 11. As described above, the edge portion of the battery body 11 has more defects, so that the number of carriers generated by the edge portion in the working state is relatively small. Therefore, the distance between the connecting electrode 14 and the adjacent electrically combined part 13 with the same polarity of the connecting electrode 14 in the first direction on the first edge region of the battery body 11 is set to a relatively large value, which can ensure that the carriers on the first edge region can be collected by the connecting electrode 14 arranged on the first edge region of the battery body 11 in time, and is also beneficial to reduce the number of electrically combined parts 13, reduce the size of the stress, adhesion and other forces between the electrically combined part 13 and the battery body 11, and the interconnection tension between the interconnection and the battery body 11 through the electrically combined part 13. In addition, the distance between the interconnection and the edge of the battery body 11 distributed in the first direction can be relatively large, which reduces the risk of cracks and other problems of the edge of the battery body 11 distributed in the first direction during the interconnection process.

[0147] For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the solar cell 1 includes a plurality of connecting electrodes 14 and a plurality of electrically combined parts 13. The connecting electrodes 14 and the electrically combined parts 13 are arranged in a matrix form, and the connecting electrodes 14 and the electrically combined parts 13 are arranged in a staggered manner in the first direction and the second direction. Figures 29 to 31As shown, the distance between the geometric center of the electrical bonding part 13 and the edge of the battery body 11 along the second direction is substantially equal to the distance between the different connecting electrodes 14 on the first intermediate region and the electrical bonding parts 13 adjacent to the different connecting electrodes 14 and having the same polarity along the first direction. Such arrangement is conducive to the uniform distribution of the stress, adhesion and interconnection tension and other forces acting on the different regions of the battery body 11 along the first direction, thereby reducing the risk of damage such as fragmentation of the battery. At the same time, it is also conducive to the timely discharge of the carriers generated in the different regions of the battery body 11 along the first direction through the connecting electrodes 14 and / or the electrical bonding parts 13, thereby improving the carrier collection efficiency.

[0148] For the electrical bonding part, the morphology of the electrical bonding part, the size of the electrical bonding part, the distribution of different electrical bonding parts, and the distance between different groups of electrical bonding parts along the first direction and along the second direction can be set according to actual needs, which are not limited here.

[0149] For example, the cross section of the electrical bonding part can be rectangular, rhombic, elliptical or circular in shape.

[0150] For example, the distance between the geometric center of the electrical bonding part and the edge of the battery body along the second direction can be 2 mm, 5 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm, 10 mm, 12 mm, 14 mm or 15 mm, etc. As shown in the figure, Figure 1 As shown, the distance between the geometric center of the electrical bonding part 13 and the edge of the battery body 11 along the second direction affects the length of the connecting electrode 14 arranged on the second edge region of the battery body 11. Therefore, when the distance between the geometric center of the electrical bonding part 13 and the edge of the battery body 11 along the second direction is within the above range, it can prevent the length of the connecting electrode 14 from being too small due to the small distance, thereby preventing the number of electrical bonding parts 13 from being too large, and facilitating the control of the interconnection area between the interconnection member and the battery body 11 through the electrical bonding part 13, thereby reducing the stress and adhesion between the two, and reducing the interconnection tension and other forces between the interconnection member and the battery body 11, thereby reducing the risk of damage such as warping or fragmentation of the solar cell. In addition, it also prevents the length of the connecting electrode 14 from being too large due to the large distance, which may result in too many current collecting electrodes 12 needing to be transmitted through the connecting electrode 14 to reach the electrical bonding part 13 for discharge, thereby reducing the transmission loss of the carriers. At the same time, it is also conducive to reducing the stress and adhesion between the connecting electrode 14 and the battery body 11. In addition, the distance between the geometric center of the electrical bonding part 13 and the edge of the battery body 11 along the second direction within the above range can also prevent the position of the electrical bonding part 13 and the interconnection member from being too close to the edge of the battery body 11 along the second direction, thereby reducing the risk of damage such as fragmentation of the edge of the battery body 11 along the second direction.

[0151] The intervals between the ends of the different groups of electrical junctions distributed along the first direction can be the same or different from the intervals between the edges of the adjacent battery bodies along the second direction.

[0152] For example, the intervals between the geometric centers of the different groups of electrical junctions along the first direction can be the same. In this way, the different groups of electrical junctions are evenly distributed on the battery body, which is conducive to evenly distributing the stress and adhesion between the battery body and the electrical junctions, the interconnection tension between the interconnectors and the battery body through the electrical junctions, and other forces on each region of the battery body along the first direction, preventing warping or cracking and other problems caused by excessive concentration of forces in a single region.

[0153] Of course, the intervals between the geometric centers of the different groups of electrical junctions along the first direction can also be different.

[0154] For example, as shown in FIG. 13, when the intervals between the geometric centers of the different groups of electrical junctions 13 along the first direction are different, the intervals between the adjacent two groups of electrical junctions 13 along the first direction in the same row along the first direction can be alternately large and small. The application principle of the beneficial effects in this case can refer to the application principle of the beneficial effects of the alternately large and small intervals between the adjacent two connecting electrodes 14 along the first direction in the same row along the first direction described above, and will not be described here. Figures 29 to 31

[0155] It should be noted that the electrical junctions in different rows are divided along the second direction, i.e., the electrical junctions in different rows are distributed along the second direction. The different electrical junctions in the same row are distributed along the first direction

[0156] In addition, among the different electrical junctions in the same row along the first direction, the intervals between every two along the first direction can be alternately large and small, i.e., arranged in the form of alternating large and small intervals or in the form of alternating small and large intervals, at which time the distribution of the different electrical junctions along the first direction has a certain regularity, which is conducive to the timely extraction of charge carriers (the large interval between the different adjacent groups of electrical junctions is only relatively large in terms of the two small intervals adjacent to itself along the first direction. The different large intervals can be the same or different, and the specific value range of the large interval can be set according to actual needs. The small interval between the different adjacent groups of electrical junctions is only relatively small in terms of the two large intervals adjacent to itself along the first direction. The different small intervals can be the same or different, and the specific value range of the small interval can be set according to actual needs.

[0157] For example, as shown in FIG. 13, when the intervals between the geometric centers of the different groups of electrical junctions 13 along the first direction are different, the intervals between the adjacent two groups of electrical junctions 13 along the first direction in the same row along the first direction can be alternately large and small. The application principle of the beneficial effects in this case can refer to the application principle of the beneficial effects of the alternately large and small intervals between the adjacent two connecting electrodes 14 along the first direction in the same row along the first direction described above, and will not be described here. Figures 29 to 31 ​As shown, in different groups of electrical connectors 13 located in the same row along the first direction, when the spacing between adjacent groups of electrical connectors 13 along the first direction alternates between large and small, no connecting electrode 14 is provided between adjacent groups of electrical connectors 13 with a smaller spacing along the first direction. The application principle of the beneficial effect in this case can refer to the application principle of the beneficial effect of not providing an electrical connector 13 between adjacent connecting electrodes 14 with a smaller spacing along the first direction described above.

[0158] Of course, when the spacing between two adjacent electrical junctions with a small gap along the first direction is also greater than a certain value, a connecting electrode can also be provided between the two adjacent electrical junctions with a small gap along the first direction to improve the carrier collection efficiency and reduce the risk that the carriers cannot be discharged in time after the collector electrode breaks.

[0159] Furthermore, when the distance between the geometric centers of different groups of electrical junctions 13 is not equal along the first direction, the distance between adjacent groups of electrical junctions 13 located in the same row along the first direction can be any arrangement other than alternating large and small spacings, such as having at least one small spacing between every two large spacings, or having large and small spacings arranged in a disordered manner. Any such arrangement is acceptable as long as it can be applied to the solar cell provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0160] In terms of distribution density, such as Figure 17 and Figure 18 As shown, along the second direction, the distribution density of a single electrical junction 13 within at least one end near the connecting electrode 14 in the same group of electrical junctions 13 can be greater than the distribution density of a single electrical junction 13 within the region electrically connected to the connecting electrode 14. This distribution density can be calculated by the number of electrical junctions 13 on or between every four, five, or six, etc., collector electrodes 12 along the second direction, and / or the total area of ​​the electrical junctions 13. This arrangement facilitates increasing the number of electrical junctions 13 electrically in contact with the connecting electrode 14, reducing the transmission pressure on a single electrical junction 13 to extract carriers collected by the connecting electrode 14, lowering the transmission resistance, and also reducing the carrier recombination rate.

[0161] When, along the second direction, the distribution density of electrical connections within at least one end of the same group of electrical connections near the connecting electrode is greater than the distribution density of a single electrical connection within the region where the connecting electrode is electrically connected, such as... Figure 17 and Figure 18 As shown, the distribution density of electrical connections 13 in at least one end of the same group of electrical connections 13 along the second direction can be increased by adding the number of individual electrical connections 13 near at least one end of the connecting electrode 14 and / or increasing the area of ​​individual electrical connections 13.

[0162] For example, when the distribution density of the electrical junctions in the at least one end of the second direction of the same group of electrical junctions is greater than the distribution density of the single electrical junction in the region where the connecting electrode is electrically connected, the area of at least one of the multiple electrical junctions in the at least one end of the second direction of the same group of electrical junctions can be greater than the area of the remaining electrical junctions.

[0163] In addition, if the distribution density of the electrical junctions in the at least one end of the second direction of the same group of electrical junctions is increased by increasing the number of single electrical junctions, the added single electrical junctions can be electrically connected to the connecting electrode and the matching connecting electrode, or no collecting electrode can be provided between the two.

[0164] It can be understood that in different cases, the structure of the cell body included in the solar cell, and the distribution and morphology of the collecting electrode, the connecting electrode and the electrical junction provided on the cell body can also be different, and therefore the following will be illustrated by the following embodiment one and embodiment two:

[0165] Embodiment one

[0166] The solar cell in embodiment one is a back contact cell. The cell body included in the back contact cell can have a semiconductor substrate, and a first doped semiconductor portion and a second doped semiconductor portion provided on the back side of the semiconductor substrate. The conductive types of the first doped semiconductor portion and the second doped semiconductor portion are opposite.

[0167] The first doped semiconductor portion can be a doped region provided in a local area on the back side of the semiconductor substrate, or a doped semiconductor layer provided on a local area on the back side of the semiconductor substrate.

[0168] As for the second doped semiconductor portion, the second doped semiconductor portion can be a doped region provided in a local area on the back side of the semiconductor substrate. Alternatively, the second doped semiconductor portion can be a doped semiconductor layer provided on at least a local area on the back side of the semiconductor substrate.

[0169] The first doped semiconductor portion and the second doped semiconductor portion can be alternately and spacedly distributed on the back side of the semiconductor substrate. Alternatively, at least part of the side surface of the first doped semiconductor portion and at least part of the side surface of the second doped semiconductor portion can also extend laterally and electrically contact each other to reduce the risk of hot spot of the back contact solar cell. Alternatively, when at least one of the first doped semiconductor portion and the second doped semiconductor portion is a doped semiconductor layer disposed on the back side of the semiconductor substrate, one of the doped semiconductor layers can extend to cover part of the other doped semiconductor layer to reduce the etching amount of the patterning process in the manufacturing process of the solar cell and also reduce the risk of hot spot of the back contact solar cell.

[0170] When at least one of the first doped semiconductor portion and the second doped semiconductor portion is a doped semiconductor layer disposed on part of the back side of the semiconductor substrate, the material of the doped semiconductor layer can include any one of silicon, silicon-germanium, germanium or gallium arsenide. In terms of the arrangement form of the substance, the crystal phase of the doped semiconductor layer can be amorphous, microcrystalline, nanocrystalline, single crystal or polycrystalline. When both the first doped semiconductor portion and the second doped semiconductor portion are doped semiconductor layers disposed on the back side of the semiconductor substrate, the materials of the first doped semiconductor portion and the second doped semiconductor portion can be the same or different. For example, the materials of the first doped semiconductor portion and the second doped semiconductor portion can both be doped polysilicon. For another example, the materials of the first doped semiconductor portion and the second doped semiconductor portion can both include at least one of doped amorphous silicon, doped microcrystalline silicon and doped nanocrystalline silicon. For another example, the material of the first doped semiconductor portion can be doped polysilicon, and the material of the second doped semiconductor portion can include at least one of doped amorphous silicon, doped microcrystalline silicon and doped nanocrystalline silicon.

[0171] In addition, when at least one of the first doped semiconductor portion and the second doped semiconductor portion is a doped semiconductor layer arranged on a partial region of the back surface of the semiconductor substrate, the doped semiconductor layer can be directly arranged on the semiconductor substrate. Alternatively, the battery body can further comprise an interface passivation layer arranged between the semiconductor substrate and the doped semiconductor layer. In this case, the passivation contact structure composed of the interface passivation layer and the doped semiconductor layer has excellent interface passivation effect and can realize selective collection of carriers, reduce the carrier recombination rate of the surface of the corresponding region in the back surface of the semiconductor substrate, and further improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell. The material and thickness of the interface passivation layer can be set according to the material of the doped semiconductor layer and actual requirements, and are not specifically limited here. For example, when the material of the doped semiconductor layer is doped polysilicon, the interface passivation layer is a tunnel passivation layer. For another example, when the material of the doped semiconductor layer includes at least one of doped amorphous silicon, doped microcrystalline silicon and doped nanocrystalline silicon, the interface passivation layer is an intrinsic amorphous silicon layer, an intrinsic microcrystalline silicon layer, an intrinsic nanocrystalline silicon layer or a mixed layer of the above three.

[0172] When the first doped semiconductor portion and the second doped semiconductor portion are both doped semiconductor layers arranged on the back surface of the semiconductor substrate, an interface passivation layer can be arranged only between the first doped semiconductor portion and the semiconductor substrate. Alternatively, an interface passivation layer can also be arranged only between the second doped semiconductor portion and the semiconductor substrate. Alternatively, an interface passivation layer can be arranged between the first doped semiconductor portion and the semiconductor substrate, and between the second doped semiconductor portion and the semiconductor substrate.

[0173] When an interface passivation layer is arranged between the first doped semiconductor portion and the semiconductor substrate, and between the second doped semiconductor portion and the semiconductor substrate, the type of the first selective contact structure composed of the first doped semiconductor portion and the interface passivation layer can be the same as or different from the type of the second selective contact structure composed of the second doped semiconductor portion and the interface passivation layer.

[0174] Alternatively, the first selective contact structure and the second selective contact structure can both be tunnel passivation contact structures or hetero contact structures. Alternatively, one of the first selective contact structure and the second selective contact structure can be a tunnel passivation contact structure, and the other can be a hetero contact structure.

[0175] In addition, in the case of a back contact solar cell, the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the solar cell are both arranged on the back surface of the battery, so that in Embodiment One, only the back surface of the battery body is provided with a plurality of current collecting electrodes, a plurality of connecting electrodes and a plurality of electrical junctions. One of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the solar cell is arranged on the first doped semiconductor portion, and the other is arranged on the second doped semiconductor portion.

[0176] The first direction and the second direction are any two directions parallel to the back surface of the battery body and different from each other. For example, in the case where the back surface of the battery body is a rectangle and the rectangle is formed by alternately arranging at least a first side and a second side, the first direction can be parallel to the first side of the rectangle, and the second direction can be parallel to the second side of the rectangle.

[0177] In Embodiment One, on the back surface of the battery body, as shown in Figure 1 The current collecting electrode 12 included in the positive electrode and the current collecting electrode 12 included in the negative electrode extend along the first direction, and the current collecting electrode 12 included in the positive electrode and the current collecting electrode 12 included in the negative electrode are alternately and spaced apart along the second direction. The present application does not specifically limit the spacing of the current collecting electrodes 12 with opposite polarities included in the solar cell along the second direction.

[0178] For example, along the second direction, the spacing of the current collecting electrodes 12 with opposite polarities can be greater than or equal to 0.002 mm and less than or equal to 3 mm.

[0179] In Embodiment One, on the back surface of the battery body, the current collecting electrode 12 whose extension along the first direction intersects with the connecting electrode 12 with opposite polarity can be a continuous current collecting electrode (i.e., along the first direction, the current collecting electrodes in the same row only include one current collecting electrode, and one or more electrical junctions can be provided at the single continuous current collecting electrode).

[0180] The current collecting electrode 12 whose extension along the first direction intersects with the connecting electrode 12 with opposite polarity and / or the current collecting electrode 12 whose extension along the first direction intersects with the straight line on which the electrical junction 12 with opposite polarity is located can be a discontinuous current collecting electrode (i.e., along the first direction, the current collecting electrodes in the same row include multiple current collecting electrodes that are spaced apart, and the current collecting electrodes can not be provided with or provided with one or more electrical junctions as needed); the spacing of the discontinuous current collecting electrode can be provided for the connecting electrode 12 with opposite polarity or the interconnector (or auxiliary current collecting electrode) to pass through. Some of the discontinuous current collecting electrodes are only disconnected at the part where the extension intersects with the connecting electrode 12 with opposite polarity, but are not disconnected at the intersection with the straight line on which the electrical junction 12 with opposite polarity is located (at this time, the current collecting electrode can be electrically insulated from the interconnector by an insulating material such as insulating glue). Alternatively, some of the discontinuous current collecting electrodes can be only disconnected at the intersection with the straight line on which the electrical junction 12 with opposite polarity is located, but not disconnected at the part where the extension intersects with the connecting electrode 12 with opposite polarity (at this time, the current collecting electrode can be electrically insulated from the connecting electrode by an insulating material such as insulating glue).

[0181] Alternatively, the current collecting electrode intersecting the connecting electrode with opposite polarity to the self at the extension line of the self in the first direction can also be provided as a continuous current collecting electrode, which can be electrically insulated by an insulating material such as insulating glue at the intersection of the extension line of the self and the connecting electrode with opposite polarity to the self.

[0182] It can be understood that, on the back of the battery body, when the extension line of the self of all the current collecting electrodes intersects the current collecting electrode of the connecting electrode with opposite polarity to the self, all the current collecting electrodes can also be discontinuous current collecting electrodes.

[0183] For the connecting electrode, on the back of the battery body, as shown in Figure 1 , the connecting electrode 14 included in the positive electrode and the connecting electrode 14 included in the negative electrode extend in the second direction and are alternately and spacedly distributed in the first direction.

[0184] It should be noted that, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 3 , on the same face of the battery body 11, in the first direction, there can be at least one pair of two adjacent groups of electrical junctions 13 between which two connecting electrodes 14 with opposite polarity are spacedly distributed in the first direction. The pair of two adjacent groups of electrical junctions can be a pair of electrical junctions located at the outermost side in the second direction, or the pair of two adjacent groups of electrical junctions 13 can also be a pair of electrical junctions 13 located at the inner side in the second direction.

[0185] It should be noted that, when at least one pair of two adjacent groups of electrical junctions in the first direction are provided with two connecting electrodes spacedly distributed in the first direction, the risk that the carriers cannot be timely extracted due to the fracture of the current collecting electrode between the pair of two adjacent groups of electrical junctions can be reduced, which is beneficial to improve the collection effect of the carriers.

[0186] In the case that at least part of the current collecting electrodes are discontinuous current collecting electrodes and the current collecting electrodes are electrically insulated from at least part of the connecting electrodes with opposite polarity to the self by at least part of the connecting electrodes, as shown in Figure 1 , when at least one pair of two adjacent groups of electrical junctions 13 with opposite polarity are provided with two connecting electrodes 14 with opposite polarity, the two connecting electrodes 14 can be provided with a current collecting electrode 12, and the disconnected positions of the current collecting electrodes 12 with opposite polarity corresponding to the two connecting electrodes 14 are not collinear, which can increase the interval of the two connecting electrodes 14 with opposite polarity in the first direction, reduce the risk of electric leakage and reduce the process difficulty of manufacturing the connecting electrodes 14. Alternatively, as shown in Figure 12As shown, the collector electrode 12 may not be provided between the two connecting electrodes 14. In this case, some regions at different disconnections between the electrode pair 13 are collinear. When the disconnections of the collector electrodes 12 with opposite polarities corresponding to the two connecting electrodes 14 have collinear regions in the second direction, the complexity of the electrode pattern corresponding to the disconnection can be reduced, thereby reducing the difficulty of patterning the first doped semiconductor portion and the second doped semiconductor portion located below the collector electrode 12, which is beneficial to improving the yield of the solar cell.

[0187] like Figure 1 As shown, when two connecting electrodes 14 are provided between two adjacent sets of electrical junctions 13 along the first direction and there is a current collector electrode 12 between the two connecting electrodes 14, the minimum distance between the two connecting electrodes 14 and the geometric center of the corresponding set of electrical junctions 13 along the first direction can be greater than or equal to the distance between the two connecting electrodes 14 and other adjacent connecting electrodes 14 along the first direction.

[0188] like Figure 12 As shown, when two connecting electrodes 14 are provided between two adjacent sets of electrical junctions 13 along the first direction and there is no current collector electrode 12 between the two connecting electrodes 14, the minimum distance between the two connecting electrodes 14 and the geometric center of the corresponding set of electrical junctions 13 along the first direction can be greater than the distance between the two connecting electrodes 14 and other adjacent connecting electrodes 14 along the first direction.

[0189] The connecting electrodes and electrical connections used in combination can be determined based on their polarity along a first direction. Connecting electrodes and electrical connections with the same polarity located on the outer side of the first direction are used together; that is, all connecting electrodes and electrical connections with the same polarity within the boundary of connecting electrodes and electrical connections located on the second outer side with opposite polarity are used together. Connecting electrodes and electrical connections located on the inner side can be determined based on electrical connections and connecting electrodes with opposite polarity along the first direction; in other words, all connecting electrodes and electrical connections located between connecting electrodes and electrical connections with opposite polarity and spaced apart along the first direction are used together.

[0190] The number of connecting electrodes and electrical junctions used, as well as the distribution of the connecting electrodes and electrical junctions, can be set according to actual needs.

[0191] For example, such as Figure 3As shown, only a set of electrical junctions 13 and one connecting electrode 14 can be used in combination. In this arrangement, the connecting electrode 14 is used to improve the collection of carriers at the edge of the electrode pattern, prevent the problem of the collector electrode 12 breaking during actual application and causing the carriers to be unable to be timely exported, improve the carrier collection effect, and at the same time avoid the battery being damaged due to the electrical junctions 13 being too close to the edge of the battery piece. The electrical junctions 13 are arranged to be electrically connected to the interconnect for carrier transmission and to bear the tension.

[0192] As shown, when only a set of electrical junctions and one connecting electrode are used in combination, Figure 3 the connecting electrode 14 can be in electrical contact with all the row collector electrodes 12 of the same polarity as itself; or, the connecting electrode can be in electrical contact with only part of the row collector electrodes of the same polarity as itself. At this time, the connecting electrode 14 can extend from the second edge region to the direction close to the second middle region of the side of the battery body 11 provided with the collector electrode 12, the connecting electrode 14 and the electrical junction 13. In this arrangement, the side of the battery body 11 provided with the collector electrode 12, the connecting electrode 14 and the electrical junction 13 has no electrical junction 13 arranged on one of the second edge regions, so as to prevent the risk of the battery body 11 being cracked and other problems when the interconnect is interconnected with the electrical junction 13, and at the same time, it can also prevent short circuiting between adjacent solar cells in the same battery string through the interconnect arranged at the edge of the battery.

[0193] As shown, Figure 1 for example, a set of electrical junctions 13 and multiple connecting electrodes 14 can also be used in combination. In this arrangement, the number of connecting electrodes 14 used in combination is large, and the connecting electrodes 14 can be arranged at different positions such as the edge and / or middle position of the electrode pattern according to the characteristics of different parts, so as to achieve optimized collection of carriers at different positions. In addition, multiple connecting electrodes 14 can also be used to balance the stress, so as to prevent the stress from being concentrated in certain positions such as the second edge region of the battery body 11. In addition, as described above, at least part of the collector electrodes 12 are in electrical contact with the connecting electrodes 14 and are not in electrical contact with the electrical junctions 13 used in combination with the connecting electrodes 14, so as to facilitate reducing the number of collector electrodes 12 connected to the electrical junctions 13 and the number of electrical junctions 13 used in combination, reducing the interconnection area between the electrical junctions 13 and the battery body 11, and further reducing the stress and saving the cost of paste; at least part of the collector electrodes 12 are in electrical contact with the connecting electrodes 14 at one end and in electrical contact with the electrical junctions 13 used in combination with the connecting electrodes 14 at the other end, so as to transmit the carriers collected by the connecting electrodes 14 to the electrical junctions 13 through the interconnect.

[0194] As shown, Figure 1As shown, each connecting electrode 14 is electrically contacted only with the portion of the row current collector 12 that has the same polarity as itself. Additionally, as... Figure 1 As shown, at least one connecting electrode 14 can extend from a second edge region toward a second middle region in one side of the battery body 11 where the current collector electrode 12, the connecting electrode 14 and the electrical junction portion 13 are provided.

[0195] Furthermore, when a set of electrical junctions and multiple connecting electrodes are used together, at least one connecting electrode may be located in the second intermediate region of the side of the battery body where the current collector electrode, the connecting electrode, and the electrical junction are provided.

[0196] Alternatively, two connecting electrodes (typically located near the two edges of the battery body along the second direction to optimize carrier collection at the battery body edge) and a set of electrical junctions spaced along the same straight line (suitable for conventional solder strip connections and conductive backplates) can be used together.

[0197] For example, such as Figure 13 As shown, multiple sets of electrical junctions 13 and multiple connecting electrodes 14 can also be used together. This arrangement allows for a larger number of connecting electrodes 14 and electrical junctions 13, which can be positioned at different locations according to actual needs, such as the edges and / or middle of the electrode pattern. Arranging the connecting electrodes 14 according to the characteristics of different parts allows for optimized carrier collection at different locations. Furthermore, by using multiple connecting electrodes 14, a balanced stress distribution between the connecting electrodes 14 and the battery body 11 can be achieved, preventing stress from existing only in certain locations such as the second edge region of the battery body 11. In addition, setting the different electrical junctions 13 as multiple sets spaced apart along the second direction allows the interconnecting tension exerted on the battery body 11 by the interconnects through the electrical junctions 13 to be dispersed into multiple smaller forces spaced apart along the second direction, further reducing the risk of damage to the battery body 11 (such as microcracks, fragmentation, etc.). Furthermore, since the number of current collectors 12 provided on the side of the battery body 11 having current collectors 12, connecting electrodes 14 and electrical junctions 13 is fixed, and as mentioned above, some current collectors 12 are not in electrical contact with the electrical junctions 13 used in conjunction with the connecting electrodes 14, there are more connecting electrodes 14 used in conjunction. This helps to reduce the number of current collectors 12 connected to the electrical junctions 13 and the number of individual electrical junctions 13 used in conjunction, thereby reducing the interconnection area between the electrical junctions 13 and the battery body 11, and thus reducing the stress between the electrical junctions 13 and the battery body 11. At the same time, it can also save on slurry costs.

[0198] like Figure 13As shown, when multiple sets of electrical junctions 13 and multiple connecting electrodes 14 are used together, the different sets of electrical junctions 13 used together are spaced apart along the second direction; along the second direction, a connecting electrode 14 is provided between two adjacent sets of electrical junctions 13. Each connecting electrode 14 is in electrical contact only with the portion of the current collector 12 that has the same polarity as itself.

[0199] In addition, such as Figure 13 As shown, when multiple sets of electrical junctions 13 and multiple connecting electrodes 14 are used together, at least one connecting electrode 14 may be located in the second edge region of the side of the battery body 11 where the current collector electrode 12, the connecting electrode 14 and the electrical junction 13 are provided, and extends toward the direction of the second middle region.

[0200] Alternatively, it can be two connecting electrodes (typically located at two second edge regions near the battery body to optimize carrier collection at the battery body edge) and multiple sets of electrical junctions distributed along different straight line intervals, with each set of electrical junctions including multiple electrical junctions distributed along the same straight line interval (applicable to conventional solder strip connections and conductive backplates, but more suitable for conductive backplates).

[0201] Optionally, there may be four connecting electrodes (typically located at two second edge regions near the battery body and at both sides of the middle electrode spacing region along the second direction of the battery body, which can optimize carrier collection at the edges of the battery body along the second direction and the edges of the electrode pattern), used in conjunction with one or more sets of electrical junctions.

[0202] For example, such as Figure 19 As shown, multiple sets of electrical junctions 13 and a connecting electrode 14 can also be used together. This arrangement, with multiple sets of different electrical junctions 13 spaced apart along the second direction, disperses the interconnecting tension exerted on the battery body 11 by the interconnecting elements through the electrical junctions 13 into multiple smaller forces spaced apart along the second direction, further reducing the risk of damage to the battery body 11 (such as microcracks, fragmentation, etc.). Furthermore, to electrically connect the multiple sets of electrical junctions 13 spaced apart along the second direction, the connecting electrode 14 has a large extension length in the second direction. This largely prevents the inability of charge carriers to be discharged in time when problems such as poor imprinting or breakage occur in the current collector electrodes 12 located between adjacent electrical junctions 13, thus improving the conversion efficiency of the solar cell. In this case, the connecting electrode 14 can be in electrical contact with all rows of current collector electrodes 12 of the same polarity; or, it can be in electrical contact only with the rows of current collector electrodes 12 of the same polarity that are not directly connected to the electrical junctions 13.

[0203] In practical applications, such as Figure 19As shown in the case where the plurality of connecting electrodes 14 are used in combination with at least one set of electrical junctions 13, the different connecting electrodes 14 used in combination can be collinear along the second direction; or, there is at least one connecting electrode 14 that is not collinear along the second direction with the rest of the connecting electrodes 14 used in combination, so as to disperse the forces between the different connecting electrodes 14 used in combination and the battery body 11, such as stress and adhesion, into respective components along the first direction, avoiding the problem that the various forces are integrated to act on the same straight line of the battery body 11, causing damage to the battery, and reducing the risk of problems such as warping or cracking of the solar cell.

[0204] In addition, as shown in the case where the plurality of connecting electrodes 14 are used in combination with at least one set of electrical junctions 13, the different connecting electrodes 14 used in combination can be collinear along the second direction; or, there is at least one connecting electrode 14 that is not collinear along the second direction with the rest of the connecting electrodes 14 used in combination, so as to disperse the forces between the different connecting electrodes 14 used in combination and the battery body 11, such as stress and adhesion, into respective components along the first direction, avoiding the problem that the various forces are integrated to act on the same straight line of the battery body 11, causing damage to the battery, and reducing the risk of problems such as warping or cracking of the solar cell. Figure 13 and Figure 19 As shown in the case where the plurality of connecting electrodes 14 are used in combination with at least one set of electrical junctions 13, the different connecting electrodes 14 used in combination can be collinear along the second direction; or, there is at least one connecting electrode 14 that is not collinear along the second direction with the rest of the connecting electrodes 14 used in combination, so as to disperse the forces between the different connecting electrodes 14 used in combination and the battery body 11, such as stress and adhesion, into respective components along the first direction, avoiding the problem that the various forces are integrated to act on the same straight line of the battery body 11, causing damage to the battery, and reducing the risk of problems such as warping or cracking of the solar cell.

[0205] When there is at least one set of electrical junctions that is not collinear along the second direction with the rest of the sets of electrical junctions used in combination, in addition, among the two adjacent sets of electrical junctions used in combination and spaced apart along the first direction, the single electrical junctions in the same row can be staggered along the second direction. Or, among the two adjacent sets of electrical junctions used in combination and spaced apart along the first direction, at least one pair of adjacent electrical junctions in the same row can be in electrical contact with the same current collecting electrode.

[0206] As shown in the case where the plurality of connecting electrodes 14 are used in combination with at least one set of electrical junctions 13, the different connecting electrodes 14 used in combination can be collinear along the second direction; or, there is at least one connecting electrode 14 that is not collinear along the second direction with the rest of the connecting electrodes 14 used in combination, so as to disperse the forces between the different connecting electrodes 14 used in combination and the battery body 11, such as stress and adhesion, into respective components along the first direction, avoiding the problem that the various forces are integrated to act on the same straight line of the battery body 11, causing damage to the battery, and reducing the risk of problems such as warping or cracking of the solar cell. Figure 17 As shown in the case where the plurality of connecting electrodes 14 are used in combination with at least one set of electrical junctions 13, the different connecting electrodes 14 used in combination can be collinear along the second direction; or, there is at least one connecting electrode 14 that is not collinear along the second direction with the rest of the connecting electrodes 14 used in combination, so as to disperse the forces between the different connecting electrodes 14 used in combination and the battery body 11, such as stress and adhesion, into respective components along the first direction, avoiding the problem that the various forces are integrated to act on the same straight line of the battery body 11, causing damage to the battery, and reducing the risk of problems such as warping or cracking of the solar cell.

[0207] As shown in the case where the plurality of connecting electrodes 14 are used in combination with at least one set of electrical junctions 13, the different connecting electrodes 14 used in combination can be collinear along the second direction; or, there is at least one connecting electrode 14 that is not collinear along the second direction with the rest of the connecting electrodes 14 used in combination, so as to disperse the forces between the different connecting electrodes 14 used in combination and the battery body 11, such as stress and adhesion, into respective components along the first direction, avoiding the problem that the various forces are integrated to act on the same straight line of the battery body 11, causing damage to the battery, and reducing the risk of problems such as warping or cracking of the solar cell.Figure 25 As shown, when at least one set of electrical junctions 13 are provided at intervals between current collectors 12 with opposite polarity and whose extensions intersect the direction of their own line, each electrical junction 13 is electrically connected to a current collector 12 with an adjacent connecting electrode 14. This arrangement increases the effective electrical transport area between the connecting electrode 14 and the electrical junction 13, alleviates the carrier transport pressure on the individual current collector 12 located between the connecting electrode 14 and the electrical junction 13, facilitates timely discharge of carriers, and reduces transport losses.

[0208] As for the relative positions of the connecting electrode and the electrical junctions adjacent to it and of the same polarity along the first direction, they can be set according to actual needs.

[0209] For example, such as Figure 29 As shown, on the same surface of the battery body 11, all connecting electrodes 14 of one polarity are located on one side of the adjacent electrical junction 13 of the same polarity along the first direction, and all connecting electrodes 14 of the other polarity are located on the other side of the adjacent electrical junction 13 of the same polarity along the first direction. Optionally, all connecting electrodes 14 of the positive polarity may be located on the left side of the adjacent electrical junction 13 of the same polarity along the first direction, and all connecting electrodes 14 of the negative polarity may be located on the right side of the adjacent electrical junction 13 of the same polarity along the first direction. Alternatively, all connecting electrodes 14 of the negative polarity may be located on the left side of the adjacent electrical junction 13 of the same polarity along the first direction, and all connecting electrodes 14 of the positive polarity may be located on the right side of the adjacent electrical junction 13 of the same polarity along the first direction. (It should be noted that the left and right sides along the first direction are arranged according to...) Figure 29 As defined in the diagram, when the specific direction of the first direction differs from that shown in the diagram (it may not be left or right, but it is always along both sides of the first direction), this arrangement allows for clear and accurate identification of the polarity of the connecting electrodes 14 based on their different relative positions on both sides of the electrical junction 13 along the first direction. This facilitates subsequent interconnection operations and reduces the risk of short circuits. Furthermore, it allows connecting electrodes 14 of the same polarity to be distributed approximately evenly along the first direction, which helps to ensure a uniform distribution of stress and adhesion forces between the connecting electrodes 14 and the battery body 11 along the first direction. Additionally, it allows for a larger spacing between connecting electrodes 14 of opposite polarity located in the same row along the first direction, reducing the risk of leakage.

[0210] For example, such as Figure 21As shown, on the same side of the battery body 11, all the connection electrodes 14 of one polarity are located on the same side of the electrical junction 13 adjacent to itself and of the same polarity, and among all the connection electrodes 14 of the other polarity, part of the connection electrodes 14 are located on one side of the electrical junction 13 adjacent to itself and of the same polarity, and the rest of the connection electrodes 14 are located on the other side of the electrical junction 13 adjacent to itself and of the same polarity. Alternatively, all the connection electrodes 14 of the positive polarity can be located on the same side (which can be the left side or the right side) of the electrical junction 13 adjacent to itself and of the same polarity, and among all the connection electrodes 14 of the negative polarity, part of the connection electrodes 14 are located on one side of the electrical junction 13 adjacent to itself and of the same polarity, and the rest of the connection electrodes 14 are located on the other side of the electrical junction 13 adjacent to itself and of the same polarity (the number of connection electrodes 14 corresponding to the left side and the right side in the negative polarity can be set according to actual needs). Alternatively, all the connection electrodes 14 of the negative polarity can be located on the same side (which can be the left side or the right side) of the electrical junction 13 adjacent to itself and of the same polarity, and among all the connection electrodes 14 of the positive polarity, part of the connection electrodes 14 are located on one side of the electrical junction 13 adjacent to itself and of the same polarity, and the rest of the connection electrodes 14 are located on the other side of the electrical junction 13 adjacent to itself and of the same polarity (the number of connection electrodes 14 corresponding to the left side and the right side in the positive polarity can be set according to actual needs). In this way, the relative positions of the connection electrodes 14 of the other polarity and the electrical junction 13 adjacent to itself and of the same polarity along the first direction can be flexibly set according to different actual needs, thereby improving the applicability of the solar cell provided in the embodiment of the present application in different application scenarios.

[0211] For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the connection electrodes 14 of the positive polarity and the connection electrodes 14 of the negative polarity are arranged on the same side of the battery body 11, and the connection electrodes 14 of the positive polarity and the connection electrodes 14 of the negative polarity are arranged on the same side of the electrical junction 13 adjacent to itself and of the same polarity. Figure 23 As shown, on the same side of the battery body 11, among all the connection electrodes 14 of the two polarities, part of the connection electrodes 14 are located on one side of the electrical junction 13 adjacent to itself and of the same polarity, and the rest of the connection electrodes 14 are located on the other side of the electrical junction 13 adjacent to itself and of the same polarity (the number of connection electrodes 14 corresponding to the left side and the right side in the positive polarity and the negative polarity can be set according to actual needs). In this way, the relative positions of the connection electrodes 14 of the two polarities and the electrical junction 13 adjacent to itself and of the same polarity along the first direction can be flexibly set according to different actual needs, thereby improving the applicability of the solar cell provided in the embodiment of the present application in different application scenarios.

[0212] Embodiment two

[0213] The solar cell provided in Embodiment Two is a dual-sided contact solar cell. The solar cell body included in the dual-sided contact solar cell can include a semiconductor substrate, a first doped semiconductor portion, and a second doped semiconductor portion. The first doped semiconductor portion and the second doped semiconductor portion are of opposite conductivity types. The first doped semiconductor portion is disposed on the front side of the semiconductor substrate, and the second doped semiconductor portion is disposed on the back side of the semiconductor substrate.

[0214] The material and the conductivity type of the semiconductor substrate in Embodiment Two can refer to the material and the conductivity type of the semiconductor substrate in Embodiment One described above, which will not be repeated here.

[0215] In Embodiment Two, the conductivity type of the first doped semiconductor portion disposed on the front side of the semiconductor substrate can be P-type, and the conductivity type of the second doped semiconductor portion disposed on the back side of the semiconductor substrate can be N-type. Alternatively, the conductivity type of the first doped semiconductor portion disposed on the front side of the semiconductor substrate can be N-type, and the conductivity type of the second doped semiconductor portion disposed on the back side of the semiconductor substrate can be P-type.

[0216] In addition, the first doped semiconductor portion can be a doped region disposed in the entire area or a partial area on the front side of the semiconductor substrate, or a doped semiconductor layer disposed on the entire area or a partial area on the front side of the semiconductor substrate.

[0217] As for the second doped semiconductor portion, the second doped semiconductor portion can be a doped region disposed in the entire area or a partial area on the back side of the semiconductor substrate. Alternatively, the second doped semiconductor portion can also be a doped semiconductor layer disposed on the entire area or a partial area on the back side of the semiconductor substrate.

[0218] In the case where at least one of the first doped semiconductor portion and the second doped semiconductor portion is a doped semiconductor layer disposed on the semiconductor substrate, the optional material types of the doped semiconductor layer can refer to the above, which will not be repeated here.

[0219] In Embodiment Two, when at least one of the first doped semiconductor portion and the second doped semiconductor portion is a doped semiconductor layer disposed on a partial area on the back side of the semiconductor substrate, the doped semiconductor layer can be directly disposed on the semiconductor substrate. Alternatively, the solar cell body can further include an interface passivation layer disposed between the semiconductor substrate and the doped semiconductor layer. The material of the interface passivation layer can refer to the setting principle of the interface passivation layer in Embodiment One described above, which will not be repeated here.

[0220] In Embodiment Two, when the first doped semiconductor portion and the second doped semiconductor portion are both doped semiconductor layers disposed on the semiconductor substrate, the interface passivation layer can be disposed only between the first doped semiconductor portion and the semiconductor substrate. Alternatively, the interface passivation layer can be disposed only between the second doped semiconductor portion and the semiconductor substrate. Alternatively, the interface passivation layer can be disposed between the first doped semiconductor portion and the semiconductor substrate, and between the second doped semiconductor portion and the semiconductor substrate.

[0221] In Embodiment Two, when the interface passivation layer is disposed between the first doped semiconductor portion and the semiconductor substrate, and between the second doped semiconductor portion and the semiconductor substrate, the type of the first selective contact structure formed by the first doped semiconductor portion and the interface passivation layer can be the same as or different from the type of the second selective contact structure formed by the second doped semiconductor portion and the interface passivation layer.

[0222] Alternatively, the first selective contact structure and the second selective contact structure can both be a tunneling passivation contact structure or a heterocontact structure. Alternatively, one of the first selective contact structure and the second selective contact structure can be a tunneling passivation contact structure, and the other can be a heterocontact structure.

[0223] In addition, when the solar cell is a dual-sided contact cell, one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the solar cell is disposed on the first doped semiconductor portion located on the front side of the cell, and the other is disposed on the second doped semiconductor portion located on the back side of the cell. Therefore, in Embodiment Two, at least one of the front side and the back side of the cell body can be provided with a plurality of current collecting electrodes, a plurality of connection electrodes, and a plurality of electrical junction portions.

[0224] The first direction and the second direction are any two directions parallel to the side of the cell body on which the plurality of current collecting electrodes, the connection electrodes, and the electrical junction portions are disposed, and different from each other. For example, when the side of the cell body on which the plurality of current collecting electrodes, the connection electrodes, and the electrical junction portions are disposed is rectangular, and the rectangle is formed by at least first edges and second edges arranged alternately, the first direction can be parallel to the first edges of the rectangle, and the second direction can be parallel to the second edges of the rectangle.

[0225] In Embodiment Two, as shown in FIG. 2, the positive electrode or the negative electrode includes a plurality of current collecting electrodes 12, each of which extends along the first direction and is spaced apart along the second direction on the same side of the cell body. Figure 2

[0226] For example, on the same side of the cell body, the distance between the adjacent two current collecting electrodes along the second direction can be greater than or equal to 50 microns and less than or equal to 1 centimeter.

[0227] ​It can be understood that in Embodiment Two, the polarities of the current collecting electrodes, the connecting electrodes and the electrical junctions arranged on the same face of the battery body are the same, and therefore all the current collecting electrodes on the same face of the battery body can be continuous current collecting electrodes (i.e. in the first direction, the current collecting electrodes in the same row only include one current collecting electrode), so that the current collecting electrodes have a larger effective collection length in the first direction, to improve the carrier collection capacity of the current collecting electrodes.

[0228] Of course, there can also be at least one row of current collecting electrodes including a plurality of current collecting electrodes spaced apart in the first direction, to save the amount of current collecting electrode material used and reduce metal composite loss. At the same time, it can also provide another possible implementation for the solar cell in Embodiment Two of the present application. As for the spacing between the two adjacent current collecting electrodes included in the same row of current collecting electrodes in the first direction, it can be set according to actual needs, and is not specifically limited here.

[0229] As for the connecting electrodes, in Embodiment Two, as shown in Figure 2 , the plurality of connecting electrodes 14 included in the positive electrode or the negative electrode extend in the second direction and are spaced apart in the first direction. As for the specific structure of the connecting electrodes 14, reference can be made to the foregoing, and the contents not contrary to the double-sided contact battery can be applicable.

[0230] It should be noted that, as shown in Figure 2 , on the same face of the battery body 11, in the first direction, there can be at least one pair of two adjacent groups of electrical junctions 13 between which two connecting electrodes 14 spaced apart in the first direction are arranged (the polarities of the two connecting electrodes 14 are the same). The pair of two adjacent groups of electrical junctions 13 can be the pair of electrical junctions 13 located at the outermost side in the second direction, or the pair of two adjacent groups of electrical junctions 13 can also be the pair of electrical junctions 13 located at the inner side in the second direction.

[0231] It is worth noting that when there are two connecting electrodes spaced apart in the first direction between at least one pair of two adjacent groups of electrical junctions in the first direction, the risk that the carriers cannot be timely exported due to the fracture of the current collecting electrodes located between the pair of two adjacent groups of electrical junctions can be reduced, which is conducive to improving the collection effect of the carriers.

[0232] In addition, in Embodiment 2, when the double-sided contact battery includes a current collector electrode, a connecting electrode, and an electrical junction on both the front and back sides of the battery body, the connecting electrode located on the front side of the battery body can be aligned with the connecting electrode located on the back side of the battery body along a first direction; or, the connecting electrode located on the front side of the battery body can be staggered with the connecting electrode located on the back side of the battery body along the first direction, so that after the double-sided contact battery is connected in series by interconnecting members, the interconnecting members located on the front side of the battery body and the interconnecting members located on the back side of the battery body can also be staggered along the first direction, thereby helping to reduce the interconnecting stress of the battery body in the area near a single set of electrical junctions along the second direction and reducing the risk of problems such as warping of the battery body.

[0233] The connecting electrodes and electrical junctions used in combination can be determined based on minimizing the resistance from the connecting electrode to the electrical junction of the same polarity. Generally speaking, this means minimizing the distance from the connecting electrode to the electrical junction of the same polarity, thus ensuring minimal carrier loss. Overall, any combination that enables the collection and discharge of carriers gathered by all current collectors on the same surface of the battery body through at least one connecting electrode and at least one set of electrical junctions is acceptable. Along the first direction, the electrical junctions are used in combination with connecting electrodes located on the same side of the battery along the first direction and with a small distance between them.

[0234] The number of connecting electrodes and electrical junctions used, as well as the distribution of the connecting electrodes and electrical junctions, can be set according to actual needs.

[0235] For example, such as Figure 4 As shown, it can be used with only one set of electrical junctions 13 and one connecting electrode 14. With this configuration, the connecting electrode 14 is used to improve carrier collection at the edge of the electrode pattern, preventing the problem of carriers not being able to be discharged in time due to breakage of the current collector electrode 12 during actual application, thus improving the carrier collection effect. At the same time, it avoids the electrical junctions 13 being too close to the edge of the battery cell, which could damage the battery. The electrical junctions 13 are set up to electrically connect with the interconnects for carrier transfer and to bear the tensile force.

[0236] When only a set of electrical junctions and a connecting electrode are used together, such as Figure 4As shown, the connecting electrode 14 can be in electrical contact with all the row current collecting electrodes 12 of the same polarity; or, the connecting electrode can also be in electrical contact with only part of the row current collecting electrodes of the same polarity, in which case the connecting electrode 14 can extend from at least one side of the second edge region of the side of the battery body 11 provided with the current collecting electrodes 12, the connecting electrode 14 and the electrical junction 13 towards the second middle region, so as to prevent the risk of the battery body 11 from being cracked or the like when the interconnection member is interconnected with the electrical junction 13, and also to prevent the adjacent solar cell in the same battery string from being short-circuited by the interconnection member arranged at the edge of the battery.

[0237] As shown, the connecting electrode 14 can be in electrical contact with all the row current collecting electrodes 12 of the same polarity; or, the connecting electrode can also be in electrical contact with only part of the row current collecting electrodes of the same polarity, in which case the connecting electrode 14 can extend from at least one side of the second edge region of the side of the battery body 11 provided with the current collecting electrodes 12, the connecting electrode 14 and the electrical junction 13 towards the second middle region, so as to prevent the risk of the battery body 11 from being cracked or the like when the interconnection member is interconnected with the electrical junction 13, and also to prevent the adjacent solar cell in the same battery string from being short-circuited by the interconnection member arranged at the edge of the battery. Figure 2 As shown, the connecting electrode 14 can be in electrical contact with all the row current collecting electrodes 12 of the same polarity; or, the connecting electrode can also be in electrical contact with only part of the row current collecting electrodes of the same polarity, in which case the connecting electrode 14 can extend from at least one side of the second edge region of the side of the battery body 11 provided with the current collecting electrodes 12, the connecting electrode 14 and the electrical junction 13 towards the second middle region, so as to prevent the risk of the battery body 11 from being cracked or the like when the interconnection member is interconnected with the electrical junction 13, and also to prevent the adjacent solar cell in the same battery string from being short-circuited by the interconnection member arranged at the edge of the battery.

[0238] As shown, the connecting electrode 14 can be in electrical contact with all the row current collecting electrodes 12 of the same polarity; or, the connecting electrode can also be in electrical contact with only part of the row current collecting electrodes of the same polarity, in which case the connecting electrode 14 can extend from at least one side of the second edge region of the side of the battery body 11 provided with the current collecting electrodes 12, the connecting electrode 14 and the electrical junction 13 towards the second middle region, so as to prevent the risk of the battery body 11 from being cracked or the like when the interconnection member is interconnected with the electrical junction 13, and also to prevent the adjacent solar cell in the same battery string from being short-circuited by the interconnection member arranged at the edge of the battery. Figure 2 Figure 2 As shown, the connecting electrode 14 can be in electrical contact with all the row current collecting electrodes 12 of the same polarity; or, the connecting electrode can also be in electrical contact with only part of the row current collecting electrodes of the same polarity, in which case the connecting electrode 14 can extend from at least one side of the second edge region of the side of the battery body 11 provided with the current collecting electrodes 12, the connecting electrode 14 and the electrical junction 13 towards the second middle region, so as to prevent the risk of the battery body 11 from being cracked or the like when the interconnection member is interconnected with the electrical junction 13, and also to prevent the adjacent solar cell in the same battery string from being short-circuited by the interconnection member arranged at the edge of the battery.

[0239] ​In addition, in the case where a set of electrical junctions and a plurality of connection electrodes are used in combination, there can be at least one connection electrode in the second intermediate region on the side of the battery body provided with the current collecting electrodes, the connection electrodes, and the electrical junctions.

[0240] Alternatively, two connection electrodes (which can be respectively arranged near the two edges of the battery body along the second direction, and which can optimize the carrier collection at the edges of the battery body) and a set of electrical junctions spaced along the same straight line (which can be suitable for traditional ribbon bonding and conductive backsheet) can be used in combination.

[0241] For example, as shown in Figure 14 a plurality of sets of electrical junctions 13 and a plurality of connection electrodes 14 can be used in combination. In this way, the number of sets of the connection electrodes 14 and the electrical junctions 13 used in combination is large, and the connection electrodes 14 can be arranged at different positions according to actual needs, such as the edges and / or the intermediate positions of the electrode pattern. The connection electrodes 14 can be arranged according to the characteristics of different parts to achieve optimized carrier collection at different positions. In addition, the balanced distribution of stress between the connection electrodes 14 and the battery body 11 can be achieved by arranging a plurality of connection electrodes 14, so as to avoid stress existing only at certain positions such as the second edge region of the battery body 11. In addition, the different sets of electrical junctions 13 used in combination can be arranged in multiple sets spaced along the second direction, so that the interconnection tension acting on the battery body 11 through the electrical junctions 13 is dispersed into multiple smaller forces spaced along the second direction, further reducing the risk of damage (such as hidden cracks, fragments, etc.) to the battery body 11. In addition, the number of current collecting electrodes 12 arranged on the side of the battery body 11 provided with the current collecting electrodes 12, the connection electrodes 14, and the electrical junctions 13 is fixed, and as described above, part of the current collecting electrodes 12 are not in electrical contact with the electrical junctions 13 used in combination with the connection electrodes 14. Therefore, the number of connection electrodes 14 used in combination is large, which is conducive to reducing the number of current collecting electrodes 12 connected to the electrical junctions 13 and reducing the number of electrical junctions 13 used in combination, reducing the interconnection area between the electrical junctions 13 and the battery body 11, and further reducing the stress between the electrical junctions 13 and the battery body 11. In addition, the cost of the paste can be saved.

[0242] For example, as shown in Figure 14 when a plurality of sets of electrical junctions 13 and a plurality of connection electrodes 14 are used in combination, the different sets of electrical junctions 13 used in combination are spaced along the second direction; along the second direction, one connection electrode 14 is arranged between any two adjacent sets of electrical junctions 13. Each connection electrode 14 is in electrical contact with only part of the current collecting electrodes 12 having the same polarity as itself.

[0243] In addition, as shown in Figure 14As shown, in the case of using multiple sets of electrical junctions 13 and multiple connection electrodes 14 in combination, there can also be at least one connection electrode 14 located in the second edge region of the side of the battery body 11 provided with the current collecting electrodes 12, connection electrodes 14 and electrical junctions 13, and extending towards the second intermediate region.

[0244] Alternatively, two connection electrodes (which can be respectively arranged near the two second edge regions of the battery body, and can optimize the edge carrier collection of the battery body) can be used in combination with multiple sets of electrical junctions distributed along different straight lines, and each set of electrical junctions includes multiple electrical junctions distributed along the same straight line (which can be suitable for traditional ribbon connection and conductive backsheet, but more suitable for conductive backsheet).

[0245] Alternatively, four connection electrodes (which can be respectively arranged near the two second edge regions of the battery body, and near the positions on both sides of the intermediate electrode interval region of the battery body along the second direction, and can optimize the edge and electrode pattern carrier collection of the battery body along the second direction) can be used in combination with one or more sets of electrical junctions.

[0246] Alternatively, multiple sets of electrical junctions and one connection electrode can also be used in combination (the specific schematic diagram can refer to Figure 19 As shown in the schematic diagram of the back contact battery, the current collecting electrodes in the double-sided contact battery can be continuously distributed or discontinuously distributed. In this way, the different electrical junctions used in combination are arranged as multiple sets distributed along the second direction, which can disperse the interconnection tension applied to the battery body by the electrical junctions into multiple smaller forces distributed along the second direction, further reducing the risk of damage (such as hidden cracks, fragments, etc.) to the battery body. In addition, in order to electrically connect the multiple sets of electrical junctions distributed along the second direction, the connection electrode used in combination has a large extension length along the second direction, which can greatly prevent the problem of carrier unable to be discharged in time when the current collecting electrode arranged between the adjacent two electrical junctions is out of print or broken, and is beneficial to improve the conversion efficiency of the solar cell. At this time, the connection electrode can be in electrical contact with all the rows of current collecting electrodes with the same polarity; or, it can also be in electrical contact with only part of the rows of current collecting electrodes with the same polarity and not directly connected with the electrical junctions.

[0247] In actual application process, for example, Figure 14As shown, in the case that the plurality of connecting electrodes 14 are used in combination with at least one set of electrical junctions 13, the different connecting electrodes 14 used in combination can be collinear along the second direction; or, there is at least one connecting electrode 14 and the rest of the connecting electrodes 14 used in combination are not collinear along the second direction (although they can not be collinear, but the different connecting electrodes 14 used in combination are all located on the same side of the electrical junctions 13 along the first direction), so as to disperse the forces such as stress and adhesion between the different connecting electrodes 14 used in combination and the battery body 11 into respective component forces staggered along the first direction, avoid the problem that various forces are integrated to act on the same line of the battery body 11 to cause damage to the battery, and reduce the risk of problems such as warping or cracking of the solar cell.

[0248] In addition, as shown, Figure 14 As shown, in the case that the plurality of connecting electrodes 14 are used in combination with at least one set of electrical junctions 13, the different connecting electrodes 14 used in combination can be collinear along the second direction; or, there is at least one connecting electrode 14 and the rest of the connecting electrodes 14 used in combination are not collinear along the second direction (although they can not be collinear, but the different connecting electrodes 14 used in combination are all located on the same side of the electrical junctions 13 along the first direction), so as to disperse the forces such as stress and adhesion between the different connecting electrodes 14 used in combination and the battery body 11 into respective component forces staggered along the first direction, avoid the problem that various forces are integrated to act on the same line of the battery body 11 to cause damage to the battery, and reduce the risk of problems such as warping or cracking of the solar cell. The spacing of the different sets of electrical junctions 13 used in combination along the first direction can be set according to actual needs.

[0249] When there is at least one set of electrical junctions and the rest of the sets of electrical junctions used in combination are not collinear along the second direction, in addition, among the two adjacent sets of electrical junctions used in combination and spaced apart along the first direction, the single electrical junctions in the same row can be staggered along the second direction. Or, among the two adjacent sets of electrical junctions used in combination and spaced apart along the first direction, at least one pair of adjacent electrical junctions in the same row can be in electrical contact with the same current collecting electrode.

[0250] It should be noted that, as described above, the solar cell provided by the embodiments of the present application can be a main grid type solar cell or a non-main grid type solar cell.

[0251] The structure of the battery body in the class-with-main-grid battery can refer to the structure of the battery body in Embodiment One and Embodiment Two. The structure and distribution of the current collecting electrode in the class-with-main-grid battery can refer to the structure and distribution of the current collecting electrode in Embodiment One and Embodiment Two. The structure and distribution of the connecting electrode and the electrical junction in the class-with-main-grid battery can refer to the structure and distribution of the connecting electrode and the electrical junction in Embodiment One and Embodiment Two when the connecting electrode is in electrical contact with all the current collecting electrodes with the same polarity, and details are not repeated here.

[0252] When the solar cell provided in the embodiments of the present application is a class-without-main-grid battery, the structure and distribution of the current collecting electrode in the class-without-main-grid battery can refer to the structure and distribution of the current collecting electrode in Embodiment One and Embodiment Two. The structure and distribution of the connecting electrode and the electrical junction in the class-without-main-grid battery can refer to the structure and distribution of the connecting electrode and the electrical junction in Embodiment One and Embodiment Two when the connecting electrode is in electrical contact with only part of the current collecting electrodes with the same polarity, and details are not repeated here.

[0253] It should be noted that the number of groups of the electrical junction in the drawings in the present application is not limited to the number of groups shown in the drawings, and is only for convenience of illustration.

[0254] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a photovoltaic module. As shown in Figures 26 to 28 The photovoltaic module includes a battery string and a packaging layer covering the surface of the battery string. The battery string includes a plurality of solar cells provided in the first aspect and various implementation manners thereof, and an interconnector for connecting two adjacent solar cells in series in the same battery string. The interconnector is in electrical contact with the electrical junction 13 included in the solar cell.

[0255] In the photovoltaic module, as shown in Figure 26 Along the arrangement direction of different battery strings, both of the two adjacent solar cells can be in electrical connection with the corresponding busbar through the interconnector via the electrical junction located at the second outer side.

[0256] Alternatively, as shown in Figure 27 Along the arrangement direction of different battery strings, one of the two adjacent solar cells can be in electrical connection with the corresponding busbar through the interconnector via the electrical junction located at the second outer side, and the other can be in electrical connection with the corresponding busbar through the interconnector via the electrical junction located at the outermost side.

[0257] Alternatively, as shown in Figure 26 Along the arrangement direction of different battery strings, both of the two adjacent solar cells can be in electrical connection with the corresponding busbar through the interconnector via the electrical junction located at the outermost side.

[0258] It should be noted that, Figure 26The complete figure shows the interconnection scheme of the solar cells in the middle region of the photovoltaic module with the junction box position, of course, it can be understood that, Figure 26 The half shown scheme can also represent the equivalent scheme in the position of the string end of the cell (i.e. close to the frame region). Figure 27 and Figure 28 The half shown scheme can also represent the equivalent scheme in the position of the string end of the cell (i.e. close to the frame region).

[0259] The beneficial effects of the second aspect and various implementation manners thereof in the embodiments of the present application can be analyzed with reference to the beneficial effects of the first aspect and various implementation manners thereof, which will not be repeated here.

[0260] In the above description, the technical details of the patterning, etching and other technologies of each layer are not described in detail. However, those skilled in the art should understand that the layers, regions and the like with the required shape can be formed by various technical means. In addition, those skilled in the art can also design methods that are not exactly the same as the methods described above to form the same structure. In addition, although each embodiment is described above, this does not mean that the measures in each embodiment cannot be used advantageously in combination.

[0261] The embodiments of the present application are described above. However, these embodiments are only for a clearer illustration, and not to limit the scope of the present application. Unless there is a technical obstacle or contradiction, the various technical features disclosed in the present application can be freely combined to form another embodiment, and these other embodiments are all within the protection scope of the present application. The scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents. Those skilled in the art can make various substitutions and modifications without departing from the scope of the present application, and these substitutions and modifications should all fall within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A solar cell, characterized by, The battery comprises: a battery body, a plurality of current collecting electrodes, a plurality of connecting electrodes, and a plurality of electrical junctions; the plurality of current collecting electrodes, the plurality of connecting electrodes, and the plurality of electrical junctions are arranged on at least one of the front and back surfaces of the battery body; on the same surface of the battery body, the plurality of current collecting electrodes extend along a first direction and are spaced apart along a second direction, the first direction being different from the second direction; the plurality of connecting electrodes extend along the second direction and are spaced apart along the first direction; the plurality of electrical junctions are divided into a plurality of groups of electrical junctions spaced apart along the first direction, each group of electrical junctions comprises a plurality of electrical junctions spaced apart along the second direction and collinear, each group of electrical junctions is in electrical contact with at least some of the current collecting electrodes having the same polarity as itself; each of the connecting electrodes is in electrical contact with at least some of the current collecting electrodes having the same polarity as itself; wherein, on the same surface of the battery body, the connecting electrodes and the electrical junctions are not collinear along the second direction, and each of the connecting electrodes can be electrically connected to at least some of the electrical junctions through the current collecting electrodes in electrical contact with itself.

2. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the second direction, the number of current collecting electrodes in electrical contact with the same connecting electrode is N1; in a group of electrical junctions adjacent to the connecting electrode, the number of electrical junctions to which the connecting electrode is electrically connected through the current collecting electrodes is N2, N2 is less than N1.

3. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the first direction, in the connecting electrodes in the same row, the spacing of adjacent connecting electrodes along the first direction is alternately arranged in size.

4. The solar cell according to claim 3, characterized in that, Along the first direction, in the connecting electrodes in the same row, no current collecting electrode is arranged between adjacent connecting electrodes having smaller spacing along the first direction.

5. The solar cell of claim 1, wherein The battery body comprises two first edge regions oppositely arranged along the first direction, and a first intermediate region between the two first edge regions; along the first direction, in the connecting electrodes in the same row, the spacing of at least one connecting electrode on at least one first edge region and / or the spacing of at least one connecting electrode on the first intermediate region and adjacent connecting electrodes along the first direction is greater than the spacing of every two adjacent connecting electrodes along the first direction.

6. The solar cell of claim 1, wherein On the same surface of the battery body, along the first direction, all the connecting electrodes are located on the same side of the electrical junction adjacent to itself; or, on the same surface of the battery body, among all the connecting electrodes, part of the connecting electrodes are located on one side of the electrical junction adjacent to itself along the first direction, the remaining connecting electrodes are located on the other side of the electrical junction adjacent to itself along the first direction, and among every three adjacent connecting electrodes, the connecting electrode in the middle and at least one of the remaining two connecting electrodes are located on the same side of the corresponding group of electrical junctions along the first direction.

7. The solar cell of claim 1, wherein On the same face of the battery body, all the connection electrodes of one polarity are located on one side of the electrically connected parts adjacent to each other and of the same polarity along the first direction, and all the connection electrodes of the other polarity are located on the other side of the electrically connected parts adjacent to each other and of the same polarity along the first direction. On the same face of the battery body, all the connection electrodes of one polarity are located on the same side of the electrically connected parts adjacent to each other and of the same polarity along the first direction, and part of the connection electrodes of the other polarity are located on one side of the electrically connected parts adjacent to each other and of the same polarity along the first direction, and the rest of the connection electrodes are located on the other side of the electrically connected parts adjacent to each other and of the same polarity along the first direction. On the same face of the battery body, part of the connection electrodes of each of the two polarities are located on one side of the electrically connected parts adjacent to each other and of the same polarity along the first direction, and the rest of the connection electrodes are located on the other side of the electrically connected parts adjacent to each other and of the same polarity along the first direction.

8. The solar cell of claim 1, wherein, On the same face of the battery body, at least one pair of adjacent two groups of the electrically connected parts are not provided with the connection electrodes along the first direction. On the same face of the battery body, at least one pair of adjacent two groups of the electrically connected parts are provided with two connection electrodes spaced along the first direction.

9. Solar cell according to any of claims 3 to 8, characterized in that Along the first direction, the distances between the geometric centers of different groups of the electrically connected parts are equal. Along the first direction, in different groups of the electrically connected parts located in the same row, the distances between adjacent two groups of the electrically connected parts along the first direction are alternately large and small.

10. The solar cell of claim 6, wherein, In the case where, along the first direction, in different groups of the electrically connected parts located in the same row, the distances between adjacent two groups of the electrically connected parts along the first direction are alternately large and small, the connection electrodes are not provided between adjacent two groups of the electrically connected parts with smaller distance along the first direction.

11. The solar cell of claim 1, wherein, Along the first direction, the width of at least a partial area of at least part of the current collecting electrodes in electrical contact with the connection electrodes is greater than the width of the current collecting electrodes not in contact with the connection electrodes.

12. The solar cell of claim 1, wherein, Among all the current collecting electrodes on the battery body, the width of the part of the current collecting electrodes between the connection electrodes and the electrically connected parts adjacent to each other and of the same polarity is greater than the width of the other part of the current collecting electrodes.

13. The solar cell of claim 1, wherein, In the case where at least one side of at least one connection electrode along the first direction is provided with multiple groups of electrically connected parts adjacent to each other and of the same polarity, different groups of the electrically connected parts corresponding to the same connection electrode are spaced along the second direction, and one connection electrode is provided between adjacent two groups of the electrically connected parts.

14. The solar cell of claim 1, wherein, In the case where the solar cell is a back contact cell, at least one pair of adjacent and opposite polarity electrically connected parts are provided with two connection electrodes of opposite polarity.

15. The solar cell of claim 14, wherein, At least part of the current collecting electrode has a break, through which the current collecting electrode is electrically insulated from the connecting electrode with opposite polarity; In the case where two connecting electrodes with opposite polarity are arranged between at least one pair of the electrical junctions, the partial areas of different breaks between the pair of the electrical junctions are collinear.

16. A photovoltaic module, characterized by Comprise: A battery string, and a packaging layer covering the surface of the battery string; Wherein, the battery string comprises a plurality of solar cells as claimed in any one of claims 1-15, and an interconnection for connecting two adjacent solar cells in series; the interconnection is in electrical contact with the electrical junctions comprised by the solar cells.

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