Backflow integrated liquid sulfur heater and heating system

Abstract

A backflow integrated liquid sulfur heater and a heating system belong to the technical field of electric heaters, liquid sulfur, an electric heater and a gas-liquid separation cylinder are arranged in a pressure-resistant tank, an interlayer channel is formed between the gas-liquid separation cylinder and the inner wall of the pressure-resistant tank, a backflow channel is formed between the tops of the gas-liquid separation cylinder and the inner wall of the pressure-resistant tank, and a heat exchange coil is arranged in the interlayer channel; a cyclone separator group, a rotational flow plate separator, a baffle plate demister and a wire mesh demister are sequentially arranged in the gas-liquid separation barrel from bottom to top, and gas phase inlets of a plurality of cyclone separators forming the cyclone separator group extend out of the gas-liquid separation barrel, so that sulfur steam generated by heating liquid sulfur enters the cyclone separator group through the gas phase inlets and flows upwards; and the water enters the interlayer channel through the backflow channel to exchange heat with the heat exchange coil. Saturated sulfur vapor passes through a specially arranged separation structure in the gas-liquid separation barrel, complete separation of sulfur liquid drops and sulfur vapor is achieved, and the problem that heat transfer is affected due to the fact that sulfur liquid drops carried by the sulfur vapor are attached is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electric heater technology, specifically a reflux integrated liquid sulfur heater and heating system. Background Technology

[0002] Petrochemical heating furnaces are key equipment used for heating media in petrochemical production. They mainly generate heat by burning fossil fuels and transfer heat through radiation, convection and conduction to achieve efficient heating. However, the combustion of fossil fuels causes carbon emissions. Replacing fossil fuel combustion with new energy clean electric heating is one of the important ways for the petrochemical industry to reduce carbon emissions.

[0003] Currently, using conventional electric heaters to directly heat the working fluid (such as feedstock oil, hydrogenated oil, heavy oil, etc.) can easily lead to overheating of the heating rod surface, resulting in problems such as working fluid decomposition and coking.

[0004] To address this issue, existing technologies employ elemental sulfur as an intermediate heat transfer medium. The core of this approach is to use electric heating to sublimate liquid sulfur into gaseous sulfur (sulfur vapor), which is then used to heat the working medium. This avoids the problems caused by direct heating with an electric heating rod, as exemplified by the invention patent application number 2023110556836 filed by the applicant in 2023.

[0005] When using sulfur as an intermediate heating medium, it was found that elemental sulfur has high viscosity in the range of 160~300℃, which is not conducive to flow and heat transfer. Even when using liquid sulfur above 300℃, its viscosity is thousands of times that of water. This causes saturated sulfur vapor to carry a large number of sulfur droplets during its upward accumulation. These sulfur droplets adhere to the tube wall of the heat exchanger, forming thermal resistance and seriously affecting the heat transfer between sulfur vapor and the heated medium in the heat exchange tube. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the problem of sulfur droplets carried by sulfur vapor adhering to the heat exchanger tube wall and affecting heat transfer when using sulfur as a heating medium, this invention provides a reflux integrated liquid sulfur heater and heating system. The saturated sulfur vapor passes through a specially arranged separation structure inside the gas-liquid separation cylinder, achieving complete separation of sulfur droplets from sulfur vapor and solving the problem of sulfur vapor carrying sulfur droplets adhering and affecting heat transfer.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: a reflux integrated liquid sulfur heater, comprising a pressure-resistant tank for storing liquid sulfur, a heat exchange coil disposed in the pressure-resistant tank, and an electric heater for heating the liquid sulfur. A gas-liquid separation cylinder is disposed in the pressure-resistant tank, and a sandwich channel is formed between the side wall of the gas-liquid separation cylinder and the inner wall of the pressure-resistant tank. A reflux channel is formed between the top of the sandwich channel and the top of the gas-liquid separation cylinder. The heat exchange coil is disposed around the gas-liquid separation cylinder in the sandwich channel. A cyclone separator group, a cyclone plate separator, a baffle plate demister, and a wire mesh demister are arranged sequentially from bottom to top in the gas-liquid separation cylinder. The gas phase inlets of several cyclone separators constituting the cyclone separator group extend out of the gas-liquid separation cylinder, so that the sulfur vapor generated by heating the liquid sulfur enters the cyclone separator group through the gas phase inlet and flows upward, and enters the sandwich channel through the reflux channel to exchange heat with the heat exchange coil.

[0008] As an optimized solution for the aforementioned integrated liquid sulfur heater, a rectifier shroud is provided in the interlayer channel above the gas phase inlet to guide sulfur vapor into the gas phase inlet.

[0009] As another optimized solution for the aforementioned integrated liquid sulfur heater, the rectifier is a conical cylindrical structure with an inner ring height greater than the outer ring height, and a one-way valve plate is provided between the outer ring and the inner wall of the pressure tank to allow liquid sulfur to flow downward and prevent sulfur vapor from passing upward.

[0010] As another optimized solution for the aforementioned integrated liquid sulfur heater, the cyclone separator group consists of at least four cyclone separators arranged in a ring, and the sulfur vapor in these cyclone separators has the same swirling direction, which is opposite to the swirling direction of the cyclone plate separator, thereby forming a countercurrent zone between the two.

[0011] As another optimized solution for the aforementioned integrated liquid sulfur heater, the cyclone separator is provided with arc-shaped guide grooves on the outlet side of the cyclone plate. The free ends of the arc-shaped guide grooves extend to the central channel of the cyclone separator, and the central channel is connected to the top of a liquid-evaporating pipe. The bottom of the liquid-evaporating pipe passes through the cyclone separator assembly and extends to the lower part of the gas-liquid separation cylinder.

[0012] As another optimized solution for the aforementioned integrated liquid sulfur heater, a liquid collection area is formed at the bottom of the gas-liquid separation cylinder, and a liquid sulfur discharge outlet communicating with the liquid sulfur area is provided on the liquid collection area.

[0013] As another optimized solution for the aforementioned integrated liquid sulfur heater, a one-way valve plate is provided inside the liquid sulfur outlet to allow liquid sulfur to flow downwards and prevent sulfur vapor from passing upwards.

[0014] As another optimized solution for the aforementioned integrated liquid sulfur heater, the one-way valve plate includes a sealing part and a valve plate that can be flipped up or down. The free end of the valve plate can be flipped up to contact the sealing part and block the upward movement of sulfur vapor. A support member is provided below the valve plate. After the valve plate contacts the support member under the action of gravity, a channel for liquid sulfur to pass downward is formed between its free end and the sealing part.

[0015] As another optimized solution for the above-mentioned integrated reflux liquid sulfur heater, the liquid sulfur stored in the liquid sulfur zone contains a viscosity reducer, and the mass ratio of the viscosity reducer to the liquid sulfur is 0.1~10:100. The viscosity reducer is at least one of hydrogen persulfide, hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, and alkali metal sulfides.

[0016] A reflux integrated liquid sulfur heating system includes the aforementioned reflux integrated liquid sulfur heater and controller. A pressure sensor is installed inside the pressure tank to detect its internal pressure, and the pressure sensor transmits the detected pressure data to the controller. The controller controls the working state of the electric heater based on the pressure data.

[0017] Because sulfur vapor carries liquid sulfur far more readily than water vapor carries liquid droplets, and is therefore much more difficult to separate from liquid sulfur, traditional single-stage separation techniques are ineffective at separating sulfur droplets carried by saturated sulfur vapor. Based on this, this invention modifies the sulfur vapor's path and designs a combination of four different gas-liquid separators, enabling the sulfur vapor to achieve a dryness of over 97%. The separation principle is as follows: The first stage uses cyclone separators. When saturated sulfur vapor is first generated, it carries the largest amount of liquid droplets. Therefore, at least four sets of cyclone separators arranged in a ring are used. Figure 3 The image shows 6 groups) for initial separation of droplets. The saturated sulfur vapor generated by electric heating enters the cyclone separator horizontally through the gas phase inlet. Through centrifugal force, large droplets are collected and discharged from the bottom, while the saturated sulfur vapor carries some small droplets and is discharged obliquely upward from the upper horizontal position of the cyclone separator. The saturated sulfur vapor discharged from the cyclone separator is in a swirling state. The two streams of air from two adjacent cyclone separators collide during their ascent. During the collision, some of the small droplets carried by the air flow merge into large droplets, which separate from the gas under the action of gravity and centrifugal force. At the same time, the gas discharged from these cyclone separators gradually transforms from multiple small swirling streams into one large swirling stream during its ascent. The second stage uses a cyclone separator. The cyclone separator is set to have the cyclone direction opposite to that of the first-stage cyclone separator. The saturated sulfur vapor flow direction is forcibly changed by the cyclone separator. During this process, the airflow collides violently with the cyclone plate, and some small droplets merge into large droplets during the collision and break away from the airflow. An arc-shaped guide groove is provided on the outlet side of the cyclone separator to intercept some small droplets, which then flow into the central channel of the cyclone separator and are discharged from the liquid-repellent tube. The third stage employs a baffle plate separator. After removal by the first two stages of separators, the liquid content of the saturated sulfur vapor has been greatly reduced. At this point, the saturated sulfur vapor carrying a lower liquid volume and smaller droplets enters the baffle plate separator for further separation, which can further reduce the amount of liquid sulfur entrained in the sulfur vapor. At the same time, the baffle plate separator can uniformly distribute the airflow, thus rectifying the steam flow field after the swirling collisions of the first two stages. The fourth stage uses a wire mesh demister. After the sulfur vapor has been deliquerated and rectified by the third stage separator, it enters the wire mesh demister, which can remove the extremely fine droplets it carries, ultimately making the sulfur vapor appear in a dry saturated state.

[0018] Because liquid sulfur has a high viscosity, arbitrarily changing the order of the four-stage gas-liquid separators will lead to a decrease in separation efficiency and may even cause the separators to become clogged.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1) This invention enables saturated sulfur vapor to pass through a specially arranged separation structure inside the gas-liquid separation cylinder, achieving complete separation of sulfur droplets and sulfur vapor, and solving the problem of sulfur vapor carrying sulfur droplets and causing them to adhere and affect heat transfer. 2) In this invention, a built-in gas-liquid separator is used, and a sandwich channel is formed between the gas-liquid separator and the pressure tank. The top of the pressure tank is set in an upward convex arc shape. A backflow channel is formed by the arc-shaped inner wall of the top of the pressure tank. After the sulfur vapor is separated by four separators in sequence in the gas-liquid separator, it returns to the sandwich channel through the backflow channel to exchange heat with the heat exchange coil. This further prevents the sulfur droplets remaining in the sulfur vapor from adhering to the surface of the heat exchange coil. 3) The liquid sulfur of the present invention is added with hydrogen persulfide, hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons or alkali metal sulfides as viscosity reducers, which can reduce the viscosity of liquid sulfur in the range of 140~700°C to less than 1000 mPa·s. Because the viscosity of liquid sulfur is greatly reduced, not only is the content of sulfur droplets carried in sulfur vapor greatly reduced, but the sulfur droplets carried are also easier to separate from sulfur vapor. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the gas-liquid separator. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of a cyclone separator; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a cyclone separator. Figure 5 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a cyclone separator; Figure 6 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the AA section; Figure 7 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the BB section; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the one-way valve plate. Reference numerals: 1. Pressure tank; 101. Liquid sulfur zone; 102. Jacketed channel; 103. Backflow channel; 104. Electric heater; 2. Gas-liquid separator; 201. Liquid phase outlet; 202. Liquid collection zone; 203. Counterflow zone; 3. Heat exchange coil; 301. Heated fluid inlet; 302. Heated fluid outlet; 4. Cyclone separator; 401. Sulfur vapor inlet; 5. Cyclone plate separator; 501. Drainage pipe; 502. Central channel; 503. Cyclone plate; 504. Gas phase channel; 505. Arc-shaped guide groove; 6. Baffle plate demister; 7. Wire mesh demister; 8. Rectifier hood; 9. One-way valve plate; 901. Valve plate; 902. Sealing part; 903. Support component. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. Parts not described in the following embodiments of the present invention are considered to be prior art known or should be known by those skilled in the art, such as the structure, model and control of heat exchange coils and electric heaters, and the structure and model of cyclone separators, cyclone plate separators, baffle plate demisters and wire mesh demisters.

[0022] Example 1 A type of integrated reflux liquid sulfur heater, such as Figure 1As shown, the device includes a pressure-resistant tank 1 for storing liquid sulfur, a heat exchange coil 3 installed inside the pressure-resistant tank 1, and an electric heater 104 for heating the liquid sulfur. The pressure-resistant tank 1 is generally cylindrical in shape, with an arc-shaped top and bottom. The bottom forms a liquid sulfur zone 101, where elemental sulfur is heated to form liquid sulfur and then placed in this zone. A reflux channel 103 is formed at the top. A gas-liquid separator 2 is installed inside the pressure-resistant tank 1. The gas-liquid separator 2 is generally a cylindrical structure open at both ends, but it can also be configured as a structure open at the top and closed at the bottom. However, the closed end is a concave arc shape, thus forming a liquid collection area 202 at its bottom, and an opening is provided at the lowest point, which is a liquid sulfur discharge outlet 201 communicating with the liquid sulfur area 101; the gas-liquid separation cylinder 2 is generally concentric with the pressure tank 1 and located in the upper middle part of the pressure tank 1; a double-walled channel 102 is formed between the side wall of the gas-liquid separation cylinder 2 and the inner wall of the pressure tank 1, and a reflux channel 103 is formed between the top of the double-walled channel 102 and the top of the gas-liquid separation cylinder 2, and the heat exchange coil 3 is arranged around the gas-liquid separation cylinder 2 in the double-walled channel 102; Figure 2 As shown, the gas-liquid separation cylinder 2 is arranged from bottom to top as follows: cyclone separator group 4, cyclone plate separator 5, baffle plate demister 6, and wire mesh demister 7. The gas phase inlets 401 of the cyclone separators constituting the cyclone separator group 4 extend out of the gas-liquid separation cylinder 2, so that the sulfur vapor generated by heating the liquid sulfur enters the cyclone separator group 4 through the gas phase inlet 401 and flows upward. After passing through the cyclone plate separator 5, baffle plate demister 6, and wire mesh demister 7 in sequence, it enters the jacketed channel 102 through the return channel 103 and exchanges heat with the heated fluid in the heat exchange coil 3. After heat exchange, the sulfur vapor cools down and becomes liquid sulfur again. It returns to the liquid sulfur zone 101 along the jacketed channel 102 and is then heated by the electric heater 104 to become gas again.

[0023] In this embodiment, a one-way valve plate 9 is provided in the liquid sulfur outlet 201 to allow liquid sulfur to flow downward and prevent sulfur vapor from passing upward, thereby preventing sulfur vapor from entering the first-stage cyclone separator group 4, but without hindering the separated liquid sulfur from returning to the liquid sulfur zone 101. The structure of the one-way valve plate 9 is as follows: Figure 8 As shown, it includes a sealing part 902 and a valve plate 901 that can be flipped up or down. The sealing part 902 is an annular part surrounding the outer wall of the gas-liquid separator 2 or the inner wall of the pressure tank 1. One end of the valve plate 901 away from the sealing part 902 is fixed by hinge or adapter, and the other end is a free end, which can be flipped up to contact the sealing part 902 to block the upward movement of sulfur vapor. A support member 903 is provided below the valve plate 901. The support member 903 can keep the valve plate 901 at a certain angle to the vertical. After the valve plate 901 comes into contact with the support member 903 under the action of gravity, a channel for liquid sulfur to pass downward is formed between its free end and the closed part 902. The valve plate 901 is made of a thin, high-temperature resistant, corrosion resistant material that does not react with sulfur. In this way, during the process of sulfur vapor rising, it will lift the valve plate 901 and flip it upward to keep it in contact with the closed part 902, blocking the upward movement of sulfur vapor. When the weight of the liquid sulfur accumulated above the valve plate 901 is greater than the lifting effect of the sulfur vapor on the valve plate 901, the valve plate 901 flips downward to open, allowing the liquid sulfur to flow downward back to the liquid sulfur zone 101. In this embodiment, the support member 903 can be either a rigid member or an elastic member, such as a spring. The spring keeps the valve plate 901 in its initial position, i.e., in contact with the closing part 902. The above are the basic embodiments of the present invention. Further improvements, optimizations, and limitations can be made based on the above to obtain the following embodiments: Example 2 This embodiment is an improvement on the basis of embodiment 1. Its main structure is the same as that of embodiment 1. The improvement is that, in order to enable sulfur vapor to enter the cyclone separator group 4 better, instead of directly entering the jacket channel 102 and contacting the heat exchange coil 3, a rectifier 8 is provided in the jacket channel 102 above the gas phase inlet 401 to guide sulfur vapor into the gas phase inlet 401. The rectifier 8 is a conical cylindrical structure with an inner ring height greater than the outer ring height, and its inner ring is fixed on the outer wall of the gas-liquid separation cylinder 2. In this embodiment, a gap is left between the outer ring of the fairing 8 and the inner wall of the pressure tank 1, which allows sulfur vapor to turn into liquid sulfur and then flow downward through the gap back into the liquid sulfur zone 101. However, the existence of this gap inevitably allows some sulfur vapor to enter the interlayer channel 102 and come into contact with the heat exchange coil 3. To solve this problem, a one-way valve plate 9 is installed inside the gap to allow liquid sulfur to flow downwards and prevent sulfur vapor from flowing upwards. Figure 8 As shown, the one-way valve plate 9 includes a sealing part 902 and a valve plate 901 that can be flipped up or down. The sealing part 902 is an annular part surrounding the outer wall of the gas-liquid separator 2 or the inner wall of the pressure tank 1. One end of the valve plate 901 away from the sealing part 902 is fixed by hinge or adapter, and the other end is a free end, which can be flipped up to contact the sealing part 902 to block the upward movement of sulfur vapor. A support member 903 is provided below the valve plate 901. The support member 903 can keep the valve plate 901 at a certain angle to the vertical. After the valve plate 901 comes into contact with the support member 903 under the action of gravity, a channel for liquid sulfur to pass downward is formed between its free end and the closed part 902. The valve plate 901 is made of a thin, high-temperature resistant, corrosion resistant material that does not react with sulfur. In this way, during the process of sulfur vapor rising, it will lift the valve plate 901 and flip it upward to keep it in contact with the closed part 902, blocking the upward movement of sulfur vapor. When the weight of the liquid sulfur accumulated above the valve plate 901 is greater than the lifting effect of the sulfur vapor on the valve plate 901, the valve plate 901 flips downward to open, allowing the liquid sulfur to flow downward back to the liquid sulfur zone 101. In this embodiment, the support member 903 can be a rigid member or an elastic member, such as a spring, which keeps the valve plate 901 in its initial position, i.e., in contact with the closing part 902.

[0024] Example 3 This embodiment is an improved version based on embodiment 1. Its main structure is the same as that of embodiment 1, but the improvement lies in that the cyclone separator group 4 consists of at least four cyclone separators arranged in a ring. Figure 3 As shown, it consists of 6 cyclone separators, and the sulfur vapor in these cyclone separators has the same swirling direction, which is opposite to the swirling direction of the cyclone plate separator 5, thus forming a countercurrent zone 203 between the two. The cyclone separator 5 can be an existing cyclone separator 5, but it is preferred to use one such as... Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 The cyclone separator 5 shown has an arc-shaped guide groove 505 on the outlet side of each cyclone plate 503. The free end of the arc-shaped guide groove 505 extends to the central channel 502 in the center of the cyclone separator 5. The central channel 502 is connected to the top of a liquid-repellent tube 501. The bottom of the liquid-repellent tube 501 passes through the center of the cyclone separator group 4 and extends to the lower part of the gas-liquid separation cylinder 2.

[0025] The wire mesh demister 7 seals the top opening of the gas-liquid separator 2 and has a convex shape that is higher in the middle and lower at the edges. Preferably, the shape is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, it is composed of a central cone shape and an edge frustum shape. The edge frustum has a small diameter end at the top and a large diameter end at the bottom. The large diameter end is fixed to the top of the gas-liquid separator 2, and the small diameter end is fixed to the bottom of the central cone. The apex angle of the central cone is smaller than the apex angle of the edge frustum.

[0026] Example 4 This embodiment is an improvement on embodiment 1. Its main structure is the same as that of embodiment 1. The improvement is that, in order to further reduce the viscosity of liquid sulfur, reduce the sulfur droplets carried by sulfur vapor, and make it easier to separate sulfur vapor and sulfur droplets, the liquid sulfur stored in the liquid sulfur zone 101 contains a viscosity reducer, and the mass ratio of the viscosity reducer to liquid sulfur is 0.1~10:100. The viscosity reducer is at least one of hydrogen persulfide, hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, and alkali metal sulfides.

[0027] In this embodiment, the hydrocarbon preferably has at least 8 carbon atoms, and preferably at least one of octane, hexadecane, mineral oil, and terpenoids; when the hydrocarbon is a mixture of the aforementioned substances, the present invention does not specifically limit the proportion between the substances in the mixture. The number of carbon atoms in the halogenated hydrocarbon is preferably not less than 3, and preferably at least one of propenyl chloride, propenyl bromide, hexachloro-p-xylene, pentachloropyridine, and octachloronaphthalene; when the halogenated hydrocarbon is a mixture of the aforementioned substances, the present invention does not specifically limit the proportion between the substances in the mixture. When the number of carbon atoms in a hydrocarbon is not less than 8, or the number of carbon atoms in a haloalkanes is not less than 3, the boiling point is high, which is conducive to the reaction with liquid sulfur at 140~320℃. The "number of carbon atoms" mentioned above refers to the total number of carbon atoms contained in hydrocarbons or haloalkanes; The alkali metal sulfide includes at least one of sodium sulfide, sodium hydrosulfide, potassium sulfide, and lithium sulfide; when the alkali metal sulfide is a mixture of the aforementioned substances, the present invention does not specify the proportion between the substances in the mixture. In this embodiment, hydrogen persulfide can combine with sulfur free radicals at both ends of the sulfur chain at 140~320℃, preventing the sulfur chain from polymerizing into longer chain molecules, thereby reducing the viscosity of liquid sulfur in the temperature range of 140~700℃. Hydrocarbons can react with sulfur at 140~320℃ to generate hydrogen sulfide, which replenishes the volatilized hydrogen sulfide. Hydrogen sulfide acts on sulfur free radicals at both ends of the sulfur chain, inhibiting the generation of long-chain sulfur molecules, thereby reducing the viscosity of liquid sulfur in the temperature range of 140~700℃. Halogenated hydrocarbons can release halogen free radicals at 140~320℃. The halogen free radicals interact with the sulfur free radicals at both ends of the sulfur chain, inhibiting the formation of long-chain sulfur molecules, thereby reducing the viscosity of liquid sulfur in the temperature range of 140~700℃. Alkali metal sulfides can release sulfur ions at 140~320℃. The sulfur ions interact with sulfur free radicals at both ends of the sulfur chain, inhibiting the formation of long-chain sulfur molecules, thereby reducing the viscosity of liquid sulfur in the temperature range of 140~700℃. In practical implementation, the mass ratio of viscosity reducer to liquid sulfur is 0.1~10:100. Within this range, a sufficient amount of viscosity reducer in the reaction system can interact with the chain-like sulfur molecules at the reaction temperature, preventing the formation of long chains, reducing the viscosity of liquid sulfur, preventing excessive viscosity reducer content from affecting the energy storage density and stability of liquid sulfur, and also reducing costs.

[0028] For example, the mass ratio of the viscosity reducer to liquid sulfur is 0.1:100, 0.5:100, 1:100, 2:100, 3:100, 4:100, 5:100, 6:100, 7:100, 8:100, 9:100 or 10:100.

[0029] Example 5 A reflux integrated liquid sulfur heating system includes any one of the reflux integrated liquid sulfur heaters described in Examples 1-4 and a controller. A pressure sensor is installed inside the pressure tank 1 to detect the internal pressure, and the pressure sensor transmits the detected pressure data to the controller. The controller controls the working state of the electric heater 104 based on the pressure data.

Claims

1. A reflux integrated liquid sulfur heater, comprising a pressure-resistant tank (1) for storing liquid sulfur, a heat exchange coil (3) disposed within the pressure-resistant tank (1), and an electric heater (104) for heating the liquid sulfur, characterized in that: The pressure tank (1) is equipped with a gas-liquid separator (2). A double-walled channel (102) is formed between the side wall of the gas-liquid separator (2) and the inner wall of the pressure tank (1). A reflux channel (103) is formed between the top of the double-walled channel (102) and the top of the gas-liquid separator (2). The heat exchange coil (3) is arranged around the gas-liquid separator (2) in the double-walled channel (102). The gas-liquid separator (2) is equipped with a cyclone separator group (4), a cyclone plate separator (5), a baffle plate demister (6) and a wire mesh demister (7) in sequence from bottom to top. The gas phase inlet (401) of several cyclone separators constituting the cyclone separator group (4) extends out of the gas-liquid separator (2), so that the sulfur vapor generated by the heating of liquid sulfur enters the cyclone separator group (4) through the gas phase inlet (401) and flows upward. It enters the double-walled channel (102) through the reflux channel (103) and exchanges heat with the heat exchange coil (3).

2. The integrated backflow liquid sulfur heater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sandwich channel (102) is provided with a shroud (8) above the gas phase inlet (401) to guide sulfur vapor into the gas phase inlet (401).

3. The integrated backflow liquid sulfur heater according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fairing (8) is a conical cylindrical structure with an inner ring height greater than the outer ring height, and a one-way valve plate (9) is provided between the outer ring and the inner wall of the pressure tank (1) to allow liquid sulfur to flow downward and prevent sulfur vapor from passing upward.

4. The integrated backflow liquid sulfur heater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cyclone separator group (4) consists of at least four cyclone separators arranged in a ring, and the sulfur vapor in these cyclone separators has the same swirling direction, which is opposite to the swirling direction of the cyclone plate separator (5), thereby forming a counter-current zone (203) between the two.

5. A reflux integrated liquid sulfur heater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cyclone separator (5) has an arc-shaped guide groove (505) on the outlet side of the cyclone plate (503). The free end of the arc-shaped guide groove (505) extends to the central channel (502) in the center of the cyclone separator (5). The central channel (502) is connected to the top of a liquid-repellent tube (501). The bottom of the liquid-repellent tube (501) passes through the cyclone separator group (4) and extends to the lower part of the gas-liquid separation cylinder (2).

6. The integrated backflow liquid sulfur heater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the gas-liquid separator (2) forms a liquid collection area (202), and a liquid sulfur discharge outlet (201) communicating with the liquid sulfur area (101) is provided on the liquid collection area (202).

7. A reflux integrated liquid sulfur heater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid sulfur outlet (201) is equipped with a one-way valve plate (9) that allows liquid sulfur to flow downwards and prevents sulfur vapor from flowing upwards.

8. A reflux integrated liquid sulfur heater according to claim 2 or 7, characterized in that: The one-way valve plate (9) includes a sealing part (902) and a valve plate (901) that can be flipped up or down. The free end of the valve plate (901) can be flipped up to contact the sealing part (902) and block the upward movement of sulfur vapor. A support member (903) is provided below the valve plate (901). After the valve plate (901) contacts the support member (903) under the action of gravity, a channel for liquid sulfur to pass downward is formed between its free end and the sealing part (902).

9. A reflux integrated liquid sulfur heater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid sulfur stored in the liquid sulfur zone (101) contains a viscosity reducer, and the mass ratio of the viscosity reducer to the liquid sulfur is 0.1~10:

100. The viscosity reducer is at least one of hydrogen persulfide, hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, and alkali metal sulfides.

10. A reflux integrated liquid sulfur heating system, characterized in that, The reflux integrated liquid sulfur heater and controller as described in any one of claims 1-9 are provided with a pressure sensor in the pressure tank (1) to detect the internal pressure, and the pressure sensor transmits the detected pressure data to the controller, and the controller controls the working state of the electric heater (104) based on the pressure data.

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