Four-way valve, air conditioner and anti-blocking control method

Abstract

The invention discloses a four-way valve, an air conditioner and an anti-blocking control method. The four-way valve comprises a pilot valve body, a four-way valve body, a first heat exchanger connecting channel, a second heat exchanger connecting channel, a compressor suction channel and a compressor exhaust channel. The pilot valve body is communicated with the four-way valve body through a first heat exchanger connecting channel, a second heat exchanger connecting channel and a compressor suction channel; the pilot valve body comprises an electromagnetic valve coil and a movable valve element. In the unblocking state, the electromagnetic valve coil drives the valve element to move, so that the compressor exhaust channel communicates with the first heat exchanger connecting channel, and the second heat exchanger connecting channel communicates with the compressor suction channel. The pilot valve body of the four-way valve is subjected to pseudo reversing, so that on the premise of not changing the refrigerating and heating working conditions of a system, an E / S hole can be actively scoured, and particle accumulation is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of air conditioning unit technology, and in particular to a four-way valve, an air conditioner, and an anti-clogging control method. Background Technology

[0002] During long-term operation of air conditioning and heat pump systems, the compressor binding ropes and slot insulation paper become brittle due to temperature and refrigerant interaction, generating powdery particles that enter the system circulation along with the refrigerant. At the four-way valve, the E / S orifice (i.e., exhaust / intake orifice) of the pilot valve is covered by the valve core, forming a low-pressure stagnant zone (where the refrigerant flow velocity is extremely low, almost static). Particles undergo laminar deposition and surface adhesion at the throttling point, gradually accumulating and significantly reducing the flow cross-sectional area, triggering local eddies, and further accelerating the accumulation of dirt. In a near-zero flow environment, particles continue to accumulate through deposition and adhesion. Eventually, the deposits completely block the orifice, preventing the refrigerant flow from overcoming the blockage resistance during low-pressure reversal, leading to low-pressure side reversal failure. Even with a filter installed only in the compressor outlet main pipe (D-connector) as described in patent (CN205048807U), it is still insufficient to intercept particles entering the pilot valve's E / S orifice. The E / S orifice is covered by a small valve cup, forming a low-pressure stagnant zone, causing refrigerant stagnation and particle accumulation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a four-way valve, an air conditioner, and an anti-clogging control method, aiming to solve the problem that the E / S orifice of the four-way valve in the prior art is prone to particle accumulation, leading to orifice blockage.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a four-way valve, comprising a pilot valve body, a four-way valve body, a first heat exchanger connection channel, a second heat exchanger connection channel, a compressor suction channel, and a compressor discharge channel. The pilot valve body and the four-way valve body are connected through the first heat exchanger connection channel, the second heat exchanger connection channel, and the compressor suction channel. The pilot valve body includes a pilot valve body main body and a solenoid valve coil and a movable valve core respectively disposed on the pilot valve body main body. The four-way valve includes a clearing state and an operating state. In the clearing state, the solenoid valve coil drives the valve core to displace, so that the compressor discharge channel is connected to the first heat exchanger connection channel, and the second heat exchanger connection channel is connected to the compressor suction channel. In the operating state, the valve core is reset, so that the first heat exchanger connection channel is connected to the second heat exchanger connection channel, and the compressor suction channel is connected to the compressor discharge channel.

[0005] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide an air conditioner, including the four-way valve described in the first aspect above.

[0006] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention provide an anti-clogging control method for a four-way valve as described in the first aspect, comprising, upon receiving an instruction to enter a clearing state, controlling the sending of a pulse current to the solenoid valve coil to drive the valve core displacement, thereby connecting the compressor exhaust passage to the first heat exchanger connection passage and the second heat exchanger connection passage to the compressor suction passage; after the solenoid valve coil is de-energized, controlling the valve core to reset, thereby connecting the first heat exchanger connection passage to the second heat exchanger connection passage and the compressor suction passage to the compressor exhaust passage, thereby entering an operating state.

[0007] This invention provides a four-way valve, including a pilot valve body, a four-way valve body, a first heat exchanger connection channel, a second heat exchanger connection channel, a compressor suction channel, and a compressor discharge channel. The pilot valve body and the four-way valve body are connected through the first heat exchanger connection channel, the second heat exchanger connection channel, and the compressor suction channel. The pilot valve body includes a pilot valve body main body and a solenoid valve coil and a movable valve core respectively disposed on the pilot valve body main body. The four-way valve includes a clearing state and an operating state. In the clearing state, the solenoid valve coil drives the valve core to displace, so that the compressor discharge channel is connected to the first heat exchanger connection channel, and the second heat exchanger connection channel is connected to the compressor suction channel. In the operating state, the valve core is reset, so that the first heat exchanger connection channel is connected to the second heat exchanger connection channel, and the compressor suction channel is connected to the compressor discharge channel. This invention performs a pseudo-reversal on the pilot valve body of the four-way valve, thereby actively flushing the E / S orifice and reducing particle accumulation without changing the system's cooling or heating conditions.

[0008] This invention also provides an anti-clogging control method for an air conditioner and a four-way valve, which has the same beneficial effects as described above. Attached Figure Description

[0009] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0010] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a four-way valve provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0011] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of section A;

[0012] Figure 3A schematic diagram of the structure of a four-way valve provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0013] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of section B;

[0014] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a four-way valve provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 ;

[0015] Figure 6 A schematic flowchart illustrating an anti-clogging control method for a four-way valve provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Explanation of markings in the diagram:

[0017] 10. Pilot valve body; 11. Pilot valve body main body; 111. Elastic reset element; 12. Solenoid valve coil; 13. Valve core;

[0018] 20. Four-way valve body; 21. Piston; 22. Slider; 23. Connecting rod;

[0019] 30. First heat exchanger connection channel; 31. First connection end;

[0020] 40. Second heat exchanger connection channel; 41. Second connection end;

[0021] 50. Compressor intake passage; 51. Third connection end;

[0022] 60. Compressor exhaust passage; 61. Fourth connection end;

[0023] 70. Piezoelectric ceramic vibrator. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] It should be understood that, when used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms "comprising" and "including" indicate the presence of the described features, integrals, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components and / or collections thereof.

[0026] It should also be understood that the terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0027] It should also be further understood that the term "and / or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes such combinations.

[0028] Combination Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a four-way valve, including a pilot valve body 10 (i.e., an electromagnetic pilot valve), a four-way valve body 20, a first heat exchanger connection channel 30, a second heat exchanger connection channel 40, a compressor suction channel 50, and a compressor discharge channel 60. The pilot valve body 10 and the four-way valve body 20 are connected through the first heat exchanger connection channel 30, the second heat exchanger connection channel 40, and the compressor suction channel 50. The pilot valve body 10 includes a pilot valve body main body 11 and electromagnetic valves respectively disposed on the pilot valve body main body 11. The four-way valve includes a coil 12 and a movable valve core 13; the four-way valve has a clearing state and an operating state; in the clearing state, the solenoid valve coil 12 drives the valve core 13 to move, so that the compressor exhaust passage 60 is connected to the first heat exchanger connection passage 30, and the second heat exchanger connection passage 40 is connected to the compressor suction passage 50; in the operating state, the valve core 13 is reset, so that the first heat exchanger connection passage 30 is connected to the second heat exchanger connection passage 40, and the compressor suction passage 50 is connected to the compressor exhaust passage 60.

[0029] In this embodiment, the four-way valve body 20 has four external interface channels formed on its outer periphery: a first heat exchanger connection channel 30, a second heat exchanger connection channel 40, a compressor suction channel 50, and a compressor discharge channel 60. The pilot valve body 10 includes a pilot valve body 11, a solenoid valve coil 12 sleeved on the outside of the pilot valve body 11, and a valve core 13 located in the inner cavity of the pilot valve body 11 and axially displaceable relative to the valve seat. The pilot valve body 10 and the four-way valve body 20 are connected to the compressor discharge channel 60 via the first heat exchanger connection channel 30, the second heat exchanger connection channel 40, the compressor suction channel 50, and the compressor discharge channel 60, for switching control of the main flow path within the four-way valve body 20. In the unblocking state, the solenoid valve coil 12 can drive the valve core 13 to overcome the reset force and generate a limited displacement (e.g., 3mm), establishing a connection between the compressor exhaust passage 60 (the passage where the D hole is located) and the first heat exchanger connection passage 30 (the passage where the E hole is located), and simultaneously establishing a connection between the second heat exchanger connection passage 40 (the passage where the S hole is located) and the compressor suction passage 50 (the passage where the C hole is located). Under this connection, the high-pressure refrigerant from the compressor exhaust passage 60 is guided to be injected in reverse into the target branch (corresponding to the branch where the E / S holes are located), forming a directional flushing path for the deposited area, as follows. Figure 4 The flow pattern of the "pseudo-reversal" is shown in the figure (the figure shows the reverse flow from the high-pressure end to the E / S orifice). The "pseudo-reversal" occurs when a pulse current is sent to the solenoid coil 12 of the four-way valve via precise control, driving the valve core to produce a limited displacement of 3mm (normal reversal requires 8mm displacement). This briefly connects the compressor exhaust passage 60 with the E / S passage, creating a 40m / s high-speed reverse refrigerant turbulence that washes away deposited particles, ensuring that the high-pressure refrigerant only acts on the target orifice without changing the system flow direction. During operation, when power to the solenoid coil 12 is stopped, the valve core 13 returns to its initial position under the action of the reset force, connecting the first heat exchanger connection passage 30 and the second heat exchanger connection passage 40, and simultaneously connecting the compressor suction passage 50 and the compressor exhaust passage 60, restoring the valve channel pairing relationship required for normal operation. Figure 2 The diagram shows the typical flow pattern (the E / S orifice side is shown as the low-pressure intake side, with the coolant flowing out through the E / S orifice). High-speed flow reverses the deposition direction, increasing the scouring force by a factor of three (compared to forward flow).

[0030] It is important to note that before the pseudo-reversal, the pilot valve E / S orifice is in a low-pressure static zone (approximately 0.5-0.8 MPa) covered by valve core 13, where the refrigerant velocity is almost zero (<0.01 m / s), and particles continuously deposit and adhere under laminar flow. At the moment of pseudo-reversal triggering, the high-pressure compressor exhaust is injected into the E / S orifice in reverse through the 3 mm limiting opening of valve core 13, causing the pressure inside the orifice to surge by 400% and the velocity to soar to 40 m / s (Reynolds number > 36,800), creating a strong... Turbulent vortex – High-speed fluid generates 58Pa wall shear stress at the throttling point of the orifice (exceeding the 45Pa adhesion strength of the particles), directly stripping away the deposits; at the same time, the transient impact of the high-pressure fluid (lasting 500ms) breaks the original static pressure balance, causing the adhered particles to disintegrate due to violent hydraulic oscillation and be carried away by the turbulence; after the action ends, valve core 13 resets, and the orifice returns to a low-pressure state, but the stripped particles (particle size crushed to below 35μm by vibration) have been carried away by the mainstream refrigerant, eliminating the basis for deposition.

[0031] In one embodiment, the first heat exchanger connection channel 30 is an evaporator connection channel, and the second heat exchanger connection channel 40 is a condenser connection channel.

[0032] In this embodiment, the first heat exchanger connection channel 30 is connected to the indoor heat exchanger (evaporator) during assembly; the second heat exchanger connection channel 40 is connected to the outdoor heat exchanger (condenser) during assembly. The first heat exchanger connection channel 30, the second heat exchanger connection channel 40, the compressor suction channel 50, and the compressor discharge channel 60 can be configured as guide capillary tubes, i.e., four small tubes.

[0033] The four-way valve body 20 is provided with a first connecting end 31, a second connecting end 41, a third connecting end 51, and a fourth connecting end 61. The first connecting end 31 is used to connect to the evaporator, the second connecting end 41 is used to connect to the condenser, the third connecting end 51 is used to connect to the compressor suction pipe, and the fourth connecting end 61 is used to connect to the compressor discharge pipe. The first connecting end 31 and the second connecting end 41 are located on both sides of the third connecting end 51, that is, the first connecting end 31, the third connecting end 51, and the second connecting end 41 are arranged sequentially and located on the same side of the four-way valve body 20, and the fourth connecting end 61 is located on the opposite side of the four-way valve body 20.

[0034] The first heat exchanger connection channel 30 and the second heat exchanger connection channel 40 are respectively connected to the two ends of the four-way valve body 20. The first heat exchanger connection channel 30 is close to the first connection end 31, and the second heat exchanger connection channel 40 is close to the second connection end 41. The compressor suction channel 50 is connected to the third connection end 51, and the compressor discharge channel 60 is connected to the fourth connection end 61.

[0035] The four-way valve body 20 contains two pistons 21, a slider 22, and a connecting rod 23. The connecting rod 23 connects the two pistons 21, and the slider 22 is mounted on the connecting rod 23. The slider 22 can slide on one side of the four-way valve body 20 to adjust the connection state of the first connecting end 31, the third connecting end 51, and the second connecting end 41. The pressure generated by the first heat exchanger connecting channel 30 and the second heat exchanger connecting channel 40 can push the pistons 21 toward the interior of the four-way valve body 20.

[0036] It should be noted that the state of the four-way valve body 20 does not change under the above-mentioned unblocking and operating states; that is, the slider on the four-way valve body 20 does not move. The change in the connection state of the first heat exchanger connection channel 30, the second heat exchanger connection channel 40, the compressor suction channel 50, and the compressor discharge channel 60 occurs based on the movement of the valve core 13 of the pilot valve body 10. Therefore, the connection state of the four channels connected to one end of the pilot valve body 10 changes.

[0037] Combination Figure 5 As shown, in one embodiment, the four-way valve further includes a piezoelectric ceramic vibrator 70 disposed on the pilot valve body 10 and close to the first heat exchanger connection channel 30 and the second heat exchanger connection channel 40.

[0038] In this embodiment, the piezoelectric ceramic vibrator 70 is installed on the outer shell of the pilot valve body 10 in the lateral region corresponding to the E / S port. Structurally, this lateral region is adjacent to the valve seats of the first heat exchanger connection channel 30 and the second heat exchanger connection channel 40 within the four-way valve body 20, thereby allowing vibration energy to be conducted to the inner walls of the first heat exchanger connection channel 30 and the second heat exchanger connection channel 40. For ease of positioning and vibration guidance, the piezoelectric ceramic vibrator 70 preferably uses a plate-type piezoelectric ceramic component with dimensions of 10×10×3mm and material PZT-8, and is tightly attached to the outer surface of the pilot valve body 10 using high-modulus epoxy structural adhesive. Its electrical terminals are connected to the main control unit of the four-way valve via high-temperature resistant wires, and a shielded ground wire is provided to avoid magnetic field coupling interference with the solenoid valve coil 12. When the unblocking state is triggered, the main control unit outputs an 80Hz square wave excitation to the piezoelectric ceramic vibrator 70, causing the pilot valve body 10 to generate a directional mechanical vibration of about 5g. This vibration is coupled through the valve body to the E / S hole and the valve seat of the adjacent first heat exchanger connection channel 30 and second heat exchanger connection channel 40, inducing a micro-amplitude high-frequency vibration of the inner wall, which, together with the high-pressure pulse flow, forms a synergistic unblocking effect of "micro-slippage-shearing peeling-resonance depolymerization".

[0039] In one embodiment, the four-way valve further includes an elastic reset member 111 disposed in the pilot valve body 11, the elastic reset member 111 being used to drive the valve core 13 to reset after the solenoid valve coil 12 is de-energized.

[0040] In this embodiment, the axial inner cavity of the pilot valve body 11 is provided with an elastic reset member 111 for providing a reset force to the valve core 13. The elastic reset member 111 is preferably a pair of opposing reset springs, which are respectively arranged in the spring cavities at both ends of the valve core 13, and form an axial limiting and guiding relationship by cooperating with the end faces of the pilot valve body 11 and the valve core 13 through the end spring seats. When the solenoid valve coil 12 is energized, the valve core 13 overcomes the preload of the elastic reset member 111 under the action of electromagnetic force and generates a limited displacement along the axial direction to establish the temporary connection required for unblocking. When the solenoid valve coil 12 is de-energized, the elastic reset member 111 immediately releases the stored energy and applies a reverse reset force to the valve core 13, so that the valve core 13 is forced to return to the initial position within a response time of about 50ms, thereby restoring the channel connection relationship in the operating state.

[0041] This invention also provides an air conditioner, including the four-way valve described above.

[0042] In this embodiment, the air conditioner includes a compressor, a first heat exchanger (indoor heat exchanger), a second heat exchanger (outdoor heat exchanger), a throttling element, a piping assembly, and a four-way valve installed on the piping assembly, wherein the four-way valve is any embodiment of the four-way valve described above.

[0043] Combination Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment of the invention also provides an anti-clogging control method for the four-way valve as described above, comprising:

[0044] When a command to enter the unblocking state is received, the control sends a pulse current to the solenoid valve coil 12 to drive the valve core 13 to move, so that the compressor exhaust passage 60 is connected to the first heat exchanger connection passage 30, and the second heat exchanger connection passage 40 is connected to the compressor suction passage 50.

[0045] After the solenoid valve coil 12 is de-energized, the control valve core 13 is reset, so that the first heat exchanger connection channel 30 is connected to the second heat exchanger connection channel 40, and the compressor suction channel 50 is connected to the compressor discharge channel 60, so as to enter the operating state.

[0046] In this embodiment, the anti-clogging control method can be implemented by the main control unit in the four-way valve, which sequentially drives the solenoid coil 12 of the pilot valve body 10. When a command to enter the unclogging state is received, the main control unit outputs a single pulse current (preferably a square wave pulse of about 500ms) to the solenoid coil 12, causing the valve core 13 to generate a limited displacement under the action of electromagnetic force, thereby establishing the temporary connection required for unclogging, connecting the compressor exhaust passage 60 with the first heat exchanger connection passage 30, and simultaneously connecting the second heat exchanger connection passage 40 with the compressor suction passage 5. 0 connection; under this connection, the high-pressure refrigerant on the compressor exhaust side is guided to be injected in reverse into the branch where the E / S hole is located, forming a short-term high-speed flow (e.g., about 40 m / s) to directionally flush the deposition area. Then, at the end of the pulse, the power supply to the solenoid valve coil 12 is stopped, and the valve core 13 is quickly reset by the elastic reset member 111, restoring the channel pairing relationship of the operating state, so that the first heat exchanger connection channel 30 is connected to the second heat exchanger connection channel 40, and the compressor suction channel 50 is connected to the compressor exhaust channel 60, so as to maintain the normal cooling / heating cycle of the system.

[0047] In one embodiment, the anti-clogging control method for the four-way valve further includes:

[0048] When a command to enter the unblocking state is received, the piezoelectric ceramic vibrator 70 is controlled to operate at a preset frequency to generate mechanical vibration on the first heat exchanger connection channel 30 and the second heat exchanger connection channel 40.

[0049] In this embodiment, the anti-clogging control method implements synchronous excitation control of the piezoelectric ceramic vibrator 70 under the same command to enter the unclogging state. When the command to enter the unclogging state is received, in addition to sending a pulse current to the solenoid valve coil 12 to drive the valve core 13 to limit displacement, the main control unit also simultaneously outputs a square wave excitation signal of a preset frequency to the piezoelectric ceramic vibrator 70, which is located on the outer shell of the pilot valve body 10 and corresponds to the area adjacent to the valve seat of the first heat exchanger connection channel 30 and the second heat exchanger connection channel 40, so that the piezoelectric ceramic vibrator 70 continues to work during unclogging. Preferably, the piezoelectric ceramic vibrator 70 is a plate piezoelectric ceramic component (e.g., 10×10×3mm in size, PZT-8 material), which is directly coupled and bonded to the metal outer wall of the pilot valve body 10 through high-modulus epoxy structural adhesive. Its electrodes are connected to the main control unit through high-temperature shielded wires to ensure stable drive and anti-interference. The preset frequency is preferably about 80Hz, and the excitation amplitude is adjusted to make the valve body generate about 5g of directional mechanical vibration. During the unblocking process, the 80Hz mechanical vibration is transmitted through the metal shells of the pilot valve body 10 and the four-way valve body 20 to the inner walls of the first heat exchanger connection channel 30 and the second heat exchanger connection channel 40, forming a micro-amplitude high-frequency in-plane vibration, which works in conjunction with the high-pressure pulse flow established by the compressor exhaust side.

[0050] The mechanism manifests as follows: First, the micro-amplitude high-frequency vibration of the wall surface induces micro-slippage at the contact points of the particles, reducing static friction and improving peeling efficiency in conjunction with turbulent shearing. Second, frequency matching causes the particle agglomerates to resonate and deagglomerate, and dynamic stress overcomes van der Waals forces, promoting the breakup and dispersion of the agglomerates. Third, the continuous micro-vibration of the wall surface forms an energy barrier within the unblocking window, changing the adsorption potential field of the particles to inhibit secondary deposition. After the unblocking is completed, the main control unit stops exciting the piezoelectric ceramic vibrator 70, the mechanical vibration stops synchronously, and the system enters the operating state after the valve core 13 is reset.

[0051] In one embodiment, the anti-clogging control method for the four-way valve further includes:

[0052] The system obtains the running time of the four-way valve in operation and determines whether the running time has reached the preset duration. If so, it triggers the command to enter the unblocking state.

[0053] In this embodiment, when the four-way valve is in operation, the main control unit starts a timing logic program to accumulate the running time and compare it with a preset duration T. When the accumulated running time reaches or exceeds T, the main control unit automatically generates a command to enter the unblocking state. This command is not based on actual switching requirements, but is a "pseudo-switching" trigger signal specifically designed for unblocking. Under this command, the main control unit outputs a single pulse current to the solenoid valve coil 12 to drive the valve core 13 to generate a limited displacement, thereby completing a short-term reverse flushing according to the aforementioned unblocking flow path. The preset duration T can be set to 72 hours and can be parameterized and adjusted; the timing logic automatically generates a "pseudo-switching" command based on the 72-hour threshold.

[0054] In one embodiment, the duration of the pulse current is greater than 400 ms and less than 600 ms.

[0055] In this embodiment, the driving pulse current of the solenoid valve coil 12 is set to a duration window of greater than 400ms and less than 600ms to ensure that the valve core 13 can both open quickly and achieve sufficient flushing in the unblocking state without causing system pressure oscillation. Preferably, the pulse duration is set to about 500ms, of which about 200ms is used for the valve core 13 to fully open (the electromagnetic force overcomes the spring preload) to establish the connection between the exhaust high pressure and the target branch, and the remaining about 300ms is used as the effective flushing time. CFD verification shows that this can cover the entire length of the E / S channel of about 3.2mm, thereby forming a reverse high-speed flow of about 40m / s on the side of the first heat exchanger connection channel 30 to perform directional turbulent stripping of the deposits. Empirical optimization shows that when the duration is less than 400ms, it is difficult to achieve effective cleaning of the entire channel length, while when the duration is greater than 600ms, it is easy to induce system pressure oscillation. Therefore, the pulse duration is limited to the range of [400ms, 600ms], with 500ms as the preferred value.

[0056] In one embodiment, under unblocked conditions, the pressure of the refrigerant flowing from the compressor exhaust passage 60 to the first heat exchanger connection passage 30 is ≥2.5MPa.

[0057] In this embodiment, high-pressure refrigerant from the compressor exhaust end is injected in reverse at a pressure ≥2.5MPa into the first heat exchanger connection channel 30. This causes the pressure in the target channel to instantly rise from the original low-pressure static zone (approximately 0.5–0.8MPa, flow velocity <0.01m / s), with a pressure increase of approximately 400% and a flow velocity increase to approximately 40m / s (Reynolds number >36,800). This creates strong turbulence and a wall shear stress of approximately 58Pa at the channel throttling point, exceeding the adhesion strength of the particles by approximately 45Pa. Combined with a transient hydraulic impact of approximately 500ms, this achieves direct stripping and entrainment of the deposits. After the pulse ends, the power supply to the solenoid valve coil 12 is stopped, and the valve core 13 resets within approximately 50ms under the action of the reset mechanism composed of opposing springs. The clearing circuit is released and the operating state is restored. The stripped particles (crushed to a particle size ≤35μm by vibration) are carried away from the system with the mainstream refrigerant, without causing a switch in long-term cooling / heating operation.

[0058] This invention overcomes the core problem of embrittled particles from compressor binding ropes / insulating paper continuously depositing in the low-pressure static zone (near-zero refrigerant velocity) of the pilot valve's E / S orifice in a four-way valve, ultimately clogging the orifice and causing reversing failure. It breaks through the limitations of existing technologies that only install filters in the compressor's main pipeline (flexible powder capture rate <60%), solving the defect of no filtration protection in the pilot valve capillary orifice. Simultaneously, it eliminates the flow-free zone structure formed by the valve cup covering the E / S orifice, eradicating the vicious cycle of laminar particle deposition at the throttling location and the resulting eddy currents that accelerate clogging.

[0059] This invention addresses the problem of compressor commutation failure caused by particulate deposits clogging the low-pressure static zone of the pilot valve's E / S orifice in a four-way valve. It introduces periodic high-pressure pulses (≥2.5MPa) combined with high-frequency vibration (80Hz, <5g). This solution establishes high-speed turbulence (40m / s, Re>4000) in the E / S orifice, generating a wall shear stress of 58Pa, exceeding the particulate adhesion strength of 45Pa, achieving a peeling rate of over 92%, and disrupting the cohesive force of the particulates. This effectively solves the three core problems of particulate deposit clogging, lack of filter protection in the pilot valve, and the vicious cycle of a lack of flow zone.

[0060] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the systems disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the descriptions are relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to in the method section. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to this application without departing from the principles of this application, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this application.

[0061] It should also be noted that, in this specification, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

Claims

1. A four-way valve, characterized in that, It includes a pilot valve body, a four-way valve body, a first heat exchanger connection channel, a second heat exchanger connection channel, a compressor suction channel, and a compressor discharge channel. The pilot valve body and the four-way valve body are connected through the first heat exchanger connection channel, the second heat exchanger connection channel, and the compressor suction channel. The pilot valve body includes a pilot valve body body and a solenoid valve coil and a movable valve core respectively disposed on the pilot valve body body body. The four-way valve includes a clearing state and an operating state. In the clearing state, the solenoid valve coil drives the valve core to move, so that the compressor exhaust passage is connected to the first heat exchanger connection passage, and the second heat exchanger connection passage is connected to the compressor suction passage. In the operating state, the valve core is reset, so that the first heat exchanger connection passage is connected to the second heat exchanger connection passage, and the compressor suction passage is connected to the compressor exhaust passage.

2. The four-way valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first heat exchanger connection channel is the evaporator connection channel, and the second heat exchanger connection channel is the condenser connection channel.

3. The four-way valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a piezoelectric ceramic vibrator disposed on the pilot valve body and close to the first heat exchanger connection channel and the second heat exchanger connection channel.

4. The four-way valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an elastic reset member disposed in the pilot valve body, the elastic reset member being used to drive the valve core to reset after the solenoid valve coil is de-energized.

5. An air conditioner, characterized in that, Includes the four-way valve as described in any one of claims 1-4 above.

6. A method for preventing blockage of a four-way valve as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, include: When a command to enter the unblocking state is received, a pulse current is sent to the solenoid valve coil to drive the valve core to move, so that the compressor exhaust passage is connected to the first heat exchanger connection passage, and the second heat exchanger connection passage is connected to the compressor intake passage. After the solenoid valve coil is de-energized, the valve core is controlled to reset, so that the first heat exchanger connection channel is connected to the second heat exchanger connection channel, and the compressor suction channel is connected to the compressor exhaust channel, so as to enter the operating state.

7. The anti-clogging control method for a four-way valve according to claim 6, wherein the four-way valve is the four-way valve as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Also includes: When a command to enter the unblocking state is received, the piezoelectric ceramic vibrator is controlled to operate at a preset frequency to generate mechanical vibration on the first heat exchanger connection channel and the second heat exchanger connection channel.

8. The anti-clogging control method for the four-way valve according to claim 6, characterized in that, Also includes: The system obtains the running time of the four-way valve in operation and determines whether the running time has reached the preset duration. If so, it triggers the command to enter the unblocking state.

9. The anti-clogging control method for the four-way valve according to claim 6, characterized in that, The duration of the pulse current is greater than 400ms and less than 600ms.

10. The anti-clogging control method for the four-way valve according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the unblocked state, the pressure of the refrigerant flowing from the compressor exhaust passage to the first heat exchanger connection passage is ≥2.5MPa.

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