Laser protection lens, preparation method of laser protection lens, handheld laser welding gun, laser processing head and laser processing equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to a laser protection lens, a preparation method of the laser protection lens, a handheld laser welding gun, a laser processing head and laser processing equipment, and aims to realize the protection lens with the anti-pollution capability, the light transmittance and the temperature rise. The laser protection lens comprises a substrate; the AR film layers are stacked on the surface of the substrate; the AF film layer is positioned on one surface, deviating from the substrate, of the outermost AR film layer; wherein the main element of the base material of the outermost AR film layer is the same as the main element of the base material of the AF film layer, and the thickness of the outermost AR film layer is 60%-90% of the total thickness of the outermost AR film layer and the AF film layer. The AF film layer can avoid oil stain, and the thickness of the AR film layer accounts for 60-90% of the total thickness of the outermost AR film layer and the AF film layer, so that the light transmittance is increased, and the protective lens with anti-pollution capability can be realized. The refractive indexes of the AR film layer and the AF film layer are similar, so that the obtained laser protection lens can still maintain good light transmittance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coating technology, and in particular to a laser protective lens, a method for preparing a laser protective lens, a handheld laser welding gun, a laser processing head, and laser processing equipment. Background Technology

[0002] The optical principle of a laser welding torch is that a laser beam is emitted from the output port of an optical fiber, passes through a collimating lens, a reflecting mirror, a focusing lens, and a protective lens to reach the workpiece surface. The entire process can be summarized as beam collimation, beam reflection, beam focusing, and optical path protection. The protective lens is an optical element that plays a protective role in the optical path, effectively blocking welding spatter and dust from entering the optical path and damaging the precision focusing lens. It also protects the lens from double-sided anti-reflective coatings with high damage thresholds, significantly reducing losses caused by laser reflection and improving welding quality.

[0003] However, the protective lenses commonly used in the market for laser welding guns are not resistant to contamination. During the welding process, spatter and dust easily adhere to the surface. During laser transmission, the dust on the surface of the protective lens absorbs the laser significantly, causing local temperature rise to accelerate, which eventually leads to the burning of the protective lens and interruption of welding. Frequent replacement of the protective lens will reduce welding efficiency. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the above defects.

[0004] One related technology involves depositing a nanometer-thick AF (Alternating Acid) film on the lens surface. Utilizing the excellent hydrophobic, oleophobic, and dust-resistant properties of the AF film, and its extremely low surface energy, dust particles automatically detach upon contact with the AF film surface, making it difficult for them to adhere and thus achieving the lens's anti-fouling capability. However, in the field of laser protective lenses, increasing the AF film layer can easily lead to a decrease in the light transmittance of the protective lens and cause a significant temperature rise. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a laser protective lens, a method for preparing a laser protective lens, a handheld laser welding gun, a laser processing head, and a laser processing equipment, which are used to achieve a protective lens that takes into account the problems of anti-fouling ability, light transmittance, and temperature rise.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a laser protection lens, comprising:

[0007] substrate;

[0008] A plurality of AR film layers are stacked on the surface of the substrate;

[0009] An AF film layer, wherein the AF film layer is located on the side of the outermost AR film layer that faces away from the substrate;

[0010] The main elements of the substrate of the outermost AR film layer are the same as those of the substrate of the AF film layer, and the thickness of the outermost AR film layer is 60% to 90% of the total thickness of the outermost AR film layer and the AF film layer.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the substrate material of the outermost AR film layer includes one or a combination of several of SiO2, ZrO2, TiO2, Nb2O5, In3O2, SnO2, Si3N4, MgF2, Nb2O5, TiO, Ti2O3, Ti3O5, ZrO2, CeF3, and LaF3.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the material of the AF film layer is obtained by organic modification of the material used for the outermost AR film layer, wherein the organic modification includes perfluorination modification and / or organosilicon modification.

[0013] Secondly, the present invention proposes a method for preparing a laser protective lens, the method comprising:

[0014] Several AR film layers are formed on the surface of the substrate;

[0015] An AF film is formed on the side of the outermost AR film layer that faces away from the substrate, resulting in a composite film lens.

[0016] The main elements of the substrate of the outermost AR film layer are the same as those of the substrate of the AF film layer, and the thickness of the outermost AR film layer is 60% to 90% of the total thickness of the outermost AR film layer and the AF film layer.

[0017] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the method further includes:

[0018] Before forming the AR film layer on the surface of the substrate, the substrate is cleaned and then dried.

[0019] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the method further includes:

[0020] The composite coating lens is subjected to post-processing, which includes one or a combination of heat treatment, mechanical treatment, and chemical treatment.

[0021] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the method further includes:

[0022] The AF film material is prepared by modifying the composition of the outermost AR film layer with perfluorinated and / or organosilicon substances to obtain the non-gaseous AF film material.

[0023] Thirdly, the present invention provides a handheld laser welding gun, including the laser protection lens described in any of the first aspects.

[0024] Fourthly, the present invention provides a laser processing head, including any of the laser protective lenses described in the first aspect.

[0025] Fifthly, the present invention provides a laser processing device, comprising the handheld laser welding gun described in the third aspect or the laser processing head described in the fourth aspect.

[0026] Implementing the embodiments of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] The laser protective lens fabrication method of this embodiment involves depositing several AR (anti-reflective) coating layers on a substrate, followed by depositing an AF (anti-finger's reflection) coating layer on the outermost AR layer to obtain a composite coating lens. The AR coating layer (anti-reflective film) reduces or eliminates reflected light from optical surfaces, thereby increasing light transmittance and improving visual clarity and comfort. The AF coating layer (anti-fingerprint film), based on low surface energy and microstructure design, reduces the contact area between fingerprints and the film surface while preventing oil and moisture from penetrating into the film layer. Since the AF coating layer prevents oil contamination, and the AR coating layer's thickness accounts for 60-90% of the total thickness of the outermost AR and AF coating layers to increase light transmittance, a protective lens with anti-fouling capabilities can be achieved. Furthermore, the main elements of the substrate of the outermost AR coating layer and the substrate of the AF coating layer are the same, so the refractive indices of the AR and AF coating layers are similar, ensuring that the resulting laser protective lens maintains good light transmittance.

[0028] Using the laser protective lens of this embodiment, it is possible to improve the lens's anti-fouling ability without affecting the lens's light transmittance.

[0029] Using the handheld laser welding gun, laser processing head, and laser processing equipment of this embodiment, the protective lens can have good anti-fouling ability without affecting the original parameter performance. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 A side view of the laser protection lens in one embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0032] Figure labeling: AF film - 10; AR film - 20; substrate - 30. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0034] This invention provides a laser protective lens, a method for preparing a laser protective lens, a handheld laser welding gun, a laser processing head, and a laser processing equipment, which are used to realize a laser protective lens that has anti-fouling ability without reducing light transmittance.

[0035] Firstly, please refer to Figure 1 This invention proposes a laser protection lens, which includes:

[0036] Substrate 30;

[0037] Several AR film layers 20 are sequentially stacked on the surface of the substrate 30;

[0038] AF film 10, the AF film 10 is located on the surface of the outermost AR film 20 that is away from the substrate 30;

[0039] The main elements of the substrate of the outermost AR film layer 20 are the same as those of the substrate of the AF film layer 10, and the thickness of the outermost AR film layer is 60% to 90% of the total thickness of the outermost AR film layer 20 and the AF film layer 10.

[0040] It should be noted that the outermost AR film layer is the AR film layer furthest from the surface of the substrate 30 on which AR films are deposited. That is, along the stacking direction of the AR films on the surface of the substrate 30, the outermost AR film layer is the one stacked on the outermost side of that surface. It can be understood that in practical applications, both sides of the substrate 30 are coated with several AR films, and the outermost AR film layer is the AR film layer furthest from the substrate 30 among the AR films stacked on the corresponding surfaces. In practical applications, an AR film layer can also be deposited only on one side of the substrate 30.

[0041] Using the laser protective lens of this embodiment, it is possible to improve the lens's anti-fouling ability without affecting the lens's light transmittance.

[0042] In one embodiment, the substrate 30 can be made of materials such as K9, B270, high borosilicate, quartz substrate, sapphire, PC, PMMA, etc.

[0043] K9 lenses are high-quality optical borosilicate glass lenses, characterized by high light transmittance, low dispersion, and high refractive index, and are widely used in various optical instruments and equipment. B270 lenses are high-quality optical borosilicate glass lenses developed by Schott AG, Germany. High borosilicate lenses are optical glass lenses with excellent performance; their main components are boron trioxide (B2O3) and silicon dioxide (SiO2), exhibiting high thermal stability, good chemical stability, and mechanical strength. Quartz substrates are high-purity silicon dioxide (SiO2) materials, possessing high light transmittance, a low coefficient of thermal expansion, excellent chemical stability, and mechanical properties. Sapphire lenses are single-crystal materials made of high-purity aluminum oxide (Al2O3), possessing excellent properties such as high light transmittance, high hardness, low thermal conductivity, and strong chemical stability. PC lenses are spectacle lenses made of polycarbonate, featuring high strength, lightweight, and impact resistance. PC lenses, also known as "space lenses" or "cosmic lenses," are chemically named polycarbonate, a thermoplastic material. PMMA lenses are made of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). PMMA is a high-molecular polymer, commonly known as plexiglass or acrylic, and possesses excellent transparency, optical properties, impact resistance, and aesthetic appeal.

[0044] In one embodiment, the substrate material of the outermost AR film layer 20 includes one or a combination of several of the following: SiO2, ZrO2, TiO2, Nb2O5, In3O2, SnO2, Si3N4, MgF2, Nb2O5, TiO, Ti2O3, Ti3O5, ZrO2, CeF3, and LaF3.

[0045] The following describes five embodiments and two comparative examples. In embodiments 1-4 and the comparative examples, the substrate 30 is made of quartz lens, the outermost AR film 20 is made of TiO2, and the AF film 10 is made of TiO2 after perfluorination modification. In embodiment 5, the substrate 30 is made of K9 glass lens, the outermost AR film 20 is made of Si3N4, and the AF film 10 is made of Si3N4 after organosilicon modification.

[0046] The transmittance, temperature rise, and anti-fouling performance of the laser protective lenses in each embodiment and comparative example were tested, and the test data are shown in Table 1. The AR film thickness ratio is the proportion of the outermost AR film layer to the total thickness of the outermost AR film layer and the AF film layer.

[0047] The transmittance test was conducted using a lens transmittance tester under normal conditions.

[0048] The temperature rise test was conducted by using a 5KW laser generator with a wavelength of 1080±20nm to generate a 4mm diameter spot for 15 seconds, and recording the temperature difference of the protective lens before and after the spot irradiation. The test was carried out at room temperature.

[0049] The anti-fouling performance test is conducted by measuring the hydrophobic angle of the laser protective lens to determine its anti-fouling performance.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] In Example 1, the outermost AR film layer 20 of the laser protective lens has a thickness of 60 nm, and the AF film layer 10 has a thickness of 40 nm. Testing showed a hydrophobic angle of 110°, a temperature increase of 10.46°C under laser irradiation, and a light transmittance of 99.76%.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] In Example 2, the outermost AR film layer 20 of the laser protective lens has a thickness of 70 nm, and the AF film layer 10 has a thickness of 30 nm. Testing showed a hydrophobic angle of 107.7°, a temperature increase of 8.51°C under laser irradiation, and a light transmittance of 99.79%.

[0054] Example 3

[0055] In Example 3, the outermost AR film layer 20 of the laser protective lens has a thickness of 80 nm, and the AF film layer 10 has a thickness of 20 nm. Testing showed a hydrophobic angle of 107°, a temperature increase of 8.22°C under laser irradiation, and a light transmittance of 99.81%.

[0056] Example 4

[0057] In Example 4, the outermost AR film layer 20 of the laser protective lens has a thickness of 90 nm, and the AF film layer 10 has a thickness of 10 nm. Testing showed a hydrophobic angle of 105°, a temperature increase of 7.85°C under laser irradiation, and a light transmittance of 99.83%.

[0058] Example 5

[0059] In Example 5, the outermost AR film layer 20 of the laser protective lens has a thickness of 80 nm, and the AF film layer 10 has a thickness of 20 nm. Testing showed a hydrophobic angle of 107°, a temperature increase of 7.55°C under laser irradiation, and a light transmittance of 99.87%.

[0060] Comparative Example 1

[0061] In Comparative Example 1, the outermost AR film layer 20 of the laser protective lens has a thickness of 55 nm, and the AF film layer 10 has a thickness of 45 nm. Tests showed a hydrophobic angle of 110.2°, a temperature increase of 11.52°C under laser irradiation, and a light transmittance of 99.55%.

[0062] Comparative Example 2

[0063] In Comparative Example 2, the outermost AR film layer 20 of the laser protective lens has a thickness of 95 nm, and the AF film layer 10 has a thickness of 5 nm. Tests showed a hydrophobic angle of 98.5°, a temperature increase of 7.75°C under laser irradiation, and a light transmittance of 99.86%.

[0064] Table 1: Test data of laser protective lenses in the examples and comparative examples

[0065]

[0066]

[0067] Based on the examples, comparative examples, and the data in Table 1, it can be seen that as the thickness of the outermost AR film layer 20 increases, the light transmittance of the laser protective lens begins to increase. Moreover, the temperature of the laser protective lens increases less per unit time, resulting in better temperature rise control performance. In addition, in terms of stain resistance, the smaller the hydrophobic angle, the weaker the stain resistance.

[0068] Therefore, the higher the thickness percentage of the outermost AR film layer 20, the better the light transmittance and temperature rise performance of the laser protective lens, but the worse its stain resistance. Conversely, the higher the thickness percentage of the AF film layer 20, the worse the light transmittance and temperature rise performance of the laser protective lens, but the better its stain resistance.

[0069] By depositing an AR film 20 and an AF film 10 onto the substrate 30, the laser protective lens of this invention maintains both anti-fouling capability and light transmittance, preventing excessive temperature rise under the energy of the laser beam. While existing technologies also include embodiments of superimposed AR film 20 and AF film 10 coatings, two challenges exist: the bonding between AR film 20 and AF film 10, and the balance between light transmittance and anti-fouling capability. In the embodiments of this invention, the first challenge is solved by selecting appropriate materials for the outermost AR film 20 and AF film 10, and by modifying the constituent materials of the outermost AR film with perfluorinated and / or organosilicon organic materials to obtain a non-gaseous AF coating material with hydrophobic and oleophobic properties. Through rigorous data experiments and scientific analysis, the optimal range for the outermost AR film layer relative to the total thickness of the outermost AR and AF films is determined, enabling the lens to demonstrate its performance value in laser protective lens applications.

[0070] Secondly, please refer to Figure 1 This invention proposes a method for preparing a laser protective lens, the method comprising:

[0071] Several AR film layers 20 are stacked on the surface of the substrate 30;

[0072] An AF film layer 10 is formed on the surface of the outermost AR film layer 20 to obtain a composite film lens.

[0073] The main elements of the substrate of the outermost AR film layer 20 are the same as those of the substrate of the AF film layer 10, and the thickness of the outermost AR film layer 20 is 60% to 90% of the total thickness of the outermost AR film layer 20 and the AF film layer 10.

[0074] The method for preparing a protective lens for laser processing equipment using this embodiment involves depositing several AR (anti-reflective) film layers 20 on a substrate 30, and then depositing an AF (anti-reflective) film layer 10 on the outermost AR film layer 20 to obtain a composite film lens. The AR film layer 20 (anti-reflective film) reduces or eliminates reflected light from optical surfaces, thereby increasing light transmittance. The AF film layer 10 (anti-fingerprint film), based on low surface energy and microstructure design, reduces the contact area between fingerprints and the film surface, while preventing oil and moisture from penetrating into the film layer. Since the AF film layer 10 prevents oil contamination, and the thickness of the AR film layer 20 accounts for 60% to 90% of the total thickness of the outermost AR film layer 20 and the AF film layer 10 to increase light transmittance, a protective lens with anti-fouling capabilities can be achieved. Furthermore, the main elements of the substrate of the outermost AR film layer 20 and the substrate of the AF film layer 10 are the same, so the refractive indices of the AR film layer 20 and the AF film layer 10 are similar, thus the resulting laser protective lens maintains good light transmittance.

[0075] Laser welding torch protective lenses have high requirements for optical performance, requiring a light transmittance of ≥99.8%, and the addition of an anti-reflective coating (AF) to the AR coating surface to minimize the temperature rise caused by light absorption. This application strictly controls the thickness ratio of the AF coating to the outermost AR coating, ensuring that the total thickness of both coatings conforms to the optical mechanism of AR anti-reflective coatings, reducing the attenuation and reduction of light transmittance, and effectively controlling the temperature rise problem.

[0076] In this embodiment, the substrates of AF film layer 10 and AR film layer 20 have the same main element. For example, they are both made of silicon or both made of fluorine.

[0077] It should be noted that the thickness of the outermost AR film layer 20, which accounts for 60% to 90% of the total thickness of the outermost AR film layer 20 and the AF film layer 10, was obtained through experimental calculation. By coating the lens with AR material layer by layer and ensuring that the thickness of the outermost AR material accounts for 60% to 90% of the total thickness of the outermost AR material and the AF material, it is possible to achieve increased light transmission and brightness while facilitating the coating of the AF material.

[0078] In one embodiment, the method further includes cleaning the substrate 30 before forming the AR film layer 20 on the surface of the substrate 30, and drying the cleaned substrate 30.

[0079] In this embodiment, the substrate 30 is typically cleaned using ultrasound for 10 minutes to 1 hour. After cleaning, it is dried to facilitate subsequent coating processes.

[0080] It should be noted that other cleaning methods can also be used, such as high-temperature steam cleaning or cleaning with chemical detergents.

[0081] In one embodiment, the method further includes: performing post-processing on the composite film lens, the post-processing including one or a combination of heat treatment, mechanical treatment, and chemical treatment.

[0082] Post-processing refers to the hot-pressing treatment of the coated composite film lens, usually carried out in a vacuum or ultra-low pressure environment. The hot-pressing temperature is generally between 100-200℃, and the hot-pressing time is 2-10 minutes.

[0083] In one embodiment, the method further includes:

[0084] The AF coating material is prepared by modifying the constituent materials of the AR film layer with perfluorinated and / or organosilicon organic materials to obtain a non-gaseous AF coating material with hydrophobic and oleophobic properties.

[0085] Surface modification is a technique that uses physical or chemical methods to treat the surface of a material in order to improve its surface properties (such as hydrophobicity, hydrophilicity, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, etc.).

[0086] Surface modification methods are mainly divided into two categories: dry modification and wet modification.

[0087] Dry modification refers to the treatment of material surfaces using physical or chemical methods under solvent-free or low-solvent conditions. Common dry modification methods include:

[0088] Physical vapor deposition (PVD): Modifiers are deposited on the surface of materials through techniques such as evaporation and sputtering to form a uniform modified film.

[0089] Chemical vapor deposition (CVD): Utilizes gaseous precursors to undergo chemical reactions on the surface of materials to generate solid thin films.

[0090] Plasma treatment: using plasma to bombard or chemically react with the surface of a material, thereby changing the surface chemical composition and structure.

[0091] Ion implantation: Injecting high-energy ions into the surface of a material to change its surface properties.

[0092] Laser processing: using a laser beam to heat, melt, or etch the surface of a material to achieve modification.

[0093] The advantage of dry modification is that the operating environment is relatively clean, making it suitable for large-scale industrial production, but the equipment cost is usually high.

[0094] Wet modification refers to surface treatment methods carried out in the liquid phase, typically involving chemical reactions or physical adsorption. Common wet modification methods include:

[0095] Solution impregnation method: The material is immersed in a modifier solution, so that the modifier is uniformly adsorbed or deposited on the surface of the material.

[0096] Sol-gel method: A sol is formed through the hydrolysis and condensation reaction of a precursor solution, and then a gel film is formed through drying and curing.

[0097] Chemical plating: depositing a layer of metal or alloy onto the surface of a material through a chemical reaction under electrolytic conditions.

[0098] Electrochemical treatment: using electrochemical reactions to form a protective film or modified layer on the surface of a material.

[0099] Spraying method: The modifier solution is evenly sprayed onto the material surface using spraying equipment.

[0100] The advantages of wet modification are that it is relatively simple to operate and has a low cost, making it suitable for laboratory research and small-scale production, but it may require the treatment of waste liquid and other environmental issues.

[0101] Modifiers are chemical substances used for surface modification. They can interact physically or chemically with the surface of a material, thereby altering its surface properties. In the preparation of AF materials, commonly used modifiers include silane coupling agents and fluoride ion-modified silane coupling agents.

[0102] Silane coupling agents are a class of organosilicon compounds with special structures, whose molecular structures contain hydrolyzable siloxane groups (such as Si-Cl, Si-OCH3, etc.) and organic functional groups (such as epoxy, amino, mercapto groups, etc.). They achieve surface modification through the following mechanisms: Chemical bonding: After hydrolysis, the siloxane group undergoes a condensation reaction with the hydroxyl groups (-OH) on the material surface to form a strong chemical bond.

[0104] The role of organic functional groups: Organic functional groups endow the surface of materials with specific chemical properties, such as hydrophobicity, hydrophilicity, or reactivity.

[0105] Silane coupling agents are widely used in the surface modification of inorganic materials such as glass, ceramics, and metal oxides, and can significantly improve the surface properties of the materials.

[0106] Fluoride-modified silane coupling agents are based on ordinary silane coupling agents, incorporating fluorine to further enhance the hydrophobicity and anti-fingerprint properties of the material by utilizing the low surface energy of fluorine. Fluoride-modified silane coupling agents have the following characteristics:

[0107] With low surface energy, the introduction of fluorine gives the material a lower surface energy, resulting in stronger hydrophobicity and fingerprint resistance.

[0108] Weather resistance: Fluorine has high chemical stability, which can improve the weather resistance and corrosion resistance of the material surface.

[0109] Abrasion resistance: Fluoride-modified surface films typically exhibit better abrasion resistance, extending the material's service life.

[0110] AR materials (anti-reflective materials) are mainly used to reduce reflected light on the surface of materials and improve light transmittance. They are widely used in optical lenses, displays and other fields.

[0111] AF materials (anti-fingerprint materials) are made by modifying the surface of a material to give it hydrophobic and oleophobic properties, thereby preventing fingerprints and stains from adhering. They are commonly used in electronic device screens, glass surfaces, etc.

[0112] In the preparation of AF materials, treating the surface of AR materials with silane coupling agents or fluorine ion modified silane coupling agents can further endow them with anti-fingerprint properties while maintaining their original anti-reflective properties.

[0113] The modified AF material can be in liquid, solid, or viscous states.

[0114] Organically modified materials such as perfluorinated and organosilicon materials can be used to prepare AF materials. These materials possess low surface energy, which reduces the surface tension of objects, thereby achieving hydrophobic, oil-resistant, and fingerprint-resistant effects. For example, fluorinated polysiloxanes combine the advantages of fluoropolymers and organosilicon polymers, exhibiting low surface tension, low dielectric constant, and excellent resistance to solvents, oils, acids, and alkalis. In practical applications, AF materials typically achieve their functionality by coating the substrate surface with a layer of low surface energy organic fluorine or organosilicon material.

[0115] Therefore, although AR and AF films differ in function, AF materials with specific functions can be prepared through organic modification, especially modification with materials such as perfluorinated and organosilicon materials.

[0116] In one embodiment, the coating process for AR film layer 20 and / or AF film layer 10 includes vacuum evaporation, chemical vapor deposition, sol-gel coating, dip-coating-curing coating, etc.

[0117] Vacuum evaporation is a physical vapor deposition process that forms a high-quality thin film by evaporating metals or other materials onto the surface of a substrate in a vacuum environment.

[0118] Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is a coating technology that uses chemical reactions to transform gaseous precursors into solid materials and deposit them onto a substrate surface. Its basic principle is to generate a thin film on the substrate surface through chemical reactions such as pyrolysis, reduction, and oxidation. CVD technology offers advantages such as a wide range of material choices, high film quality, and flexible processes.

[0119] The sol-gel method is a widely used materials preparation technique in wet chemistry, based on fundamental principles of colloid chemistry and physical chemistry. This method controls chemical reactions in a solution to ensure uniform mixing of solute atoms or ions, leading to hydrolysis and condensation reactions, ultimately forming a stable, transparent sol system. After aging, the sol particles slowly polymerize, forming a three-dimensional network structure called a gel. The spaces between these gel networks are filled with solvent that has lost its flowability, forming a gel. The gel is then dried and sintered to solidify, producing materials with molecular and even nanoscale substructures.

[0120] Dip-coating-curing is a technique that involves immersing a substrate in a coating solution, then extracting it at a certain speed to form a uniform thin film on the substrate surface, and finally curing the film through a curing process.

[0121] Thirdly, the present invention provides a handheld laser welding gun, including any of the laser protection lenses described in the first aspect.

[0122] Fourthly, the present invention provides a laser processing head, including the laser protective lens of any one of the first aspects.

[0123] Using the laser protective lens of this embodiment, it is possible to improve the lens's anti-fouling ability without affecting the lens's light transmittance.

[0124] Fifthly, the present invention provides a laser processing device, including the handheld laser welding gun of the third aspect or the laser processing head of the fourth aspect.

[0125] Using the laser processing head and laser processing equipment of this embodiment, one can achieve both good anti-fouling ability and no impact on the original parameter performance.

[0126] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0127] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0128] In embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0129] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0130] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser protection lens, characterized in that, include: substrate; A plurality of AR film layers are stacked on the surface of the substrate; An AF film layer, wherein the AF film layer is located on the side of the outermost AR film layer that faces away from the substrate; The main elements of the substrate of the outermost AR film layer are the same as those of the substrate of the AF film layer, and the thickness of the outermost AR film layer is 60% to 90% of the total thickness of the outermost AR film layer and the AF film layer.

2. The laser protection lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The substrate material of the outermost AR film layer includes one or a combination of several of the following: SiO2, ZrO2, TiO2, Nb2O5, In3O2, SnO2, Si3N4, MgF2, Nb2O5, TiO, Ti2O3, Ti3O5, ZrO2, CeF3, and LaF3.

3. The laser protection lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The AF film is made by organically modifying the material used in the outermost AR film, including perfluorinated modification and / or organosilicon modification.

4. A method for preparing a laser protective lens, characterized in that, The method includes: Several AR film layers are formed on the surface of the substrate; An AF film is formed on the side of the outermost AR film layer that faces away from the substrate, resulting in a composite film lens. The main elements of the substrate of the outermost AR film layer are the same as those of the substrate of the AF film layer, and the thickness of the outermost AR film layer is 60% to 90% of the total thickness of the outermost AR film layer and the AF film layer.

5. The method for preparing a laser protective lens according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method further includes: Before forming the AR film layer on the surface of the substrate, the substrate is cleaned and then dried.

6. The method for preparing a laser protective lens according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method further includes: The composite coating lens is subjected to post-processing, which includes one or a combination of heat treatment, mechanical treatment, and chemical treatment.

7. The method for preparing a laser protective lens according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method further includes: The AF film material is prepared by modifying the composition of the outermost AR film layer with perfluorinated and / or organosilicon substances to obtain the non-gaseous AF film material.

8. A handheld laser welding gun, characterized in that, The laser protective lens includes any one of claims 1 to 3.

9. A laser processing head, characterized in that, The laser protective lens includes any one of claims 1 to 3.

10. A laser processing device, characterized in that, Includes the handheld laser welding gun of claim 8 or the laser processing head of claim 9.

Images