Novel insulating prefabricated drainage wire and manufacturing method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of drainage wire production, and discloses a novel insulation prefabricated drainage wire and a manufacturing method.The novel insulation prefabricated drainage wire comprises a core rod, an insulation sheath, an elastic damping mechanism, a wire clamp and an umbrella skirt, the wire clamp is connected with one end of the core rod, and the outer surface of the umbrella skirt is coated with a nanometer modified silicone rubber coating; a spirally wound carbon fiber reinforcement layer is embedded between the core rod and the insulating sheath, the surface of each umbrella skirt is provided with a flow guide structure, the umbrella skirts arranged along the axial direction of the flow guide shaft adopt different diameter combinations, and the elastic damping mechanism is used for connecting the umbrella skirts and the insulating sheath. Stress is uniformly distributed when the carbon fiber reinforcement layer bears axial force and bending force, so that the stability and the reliability of the drainage wire under the complex stress condition are effectively improved, and the damage risk caused by mechanical stress is reduced; the elastic damping mechanism improves the anti-vibration performance of the drainage wire in a complex environment, and guarantees the safe and stable operation of the drainage wire.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lead wire production technology, specifically to a novel insulated prefabricated lead wire and its manufacturing method. Background Technology

[0002] In power transmission and distribution systems, the lead wire serves as a crucial component connecting the main cable to other electrical equipment or different cable sections, and its performance directly affects the safe and stable operation of the entire power system. With the continuous expansion of the power grid and the increasing complexity of the operating environment, more stringent requirements are being placed on the comprehensive performance of the lead wire.

[0003] In strong winds, the force of the wind can cause severe wind-induced vibration in the guide wires. When the wind flows over the guide wires, it creates alternating separation and reattachment of airflow on their surface, generating periodic lift and drag, causing the guide wires to vibrate. This vibration is not a simple left-right swaying, but a complex three-dimensional vibration, including vertical, horizontal, and torsional vibrations. The frequency and amplitude of the wind-induced vibration are closely related to factors such as wind speed, the diameter of the guide wires, tension, and span. Under strong winds, the amplitude of the guide wires can reach several times or even tens of times their diameter, and this severe vibration can cause serious damage to the guide wires. Especially for guide wires with longer spans, because their natural frequency is lower, they are more likely to resonate with the frequency of the wind, thus exacerbating the intensity of the vibration.

[0004] Continuous vibration can lead to fatigue of the internal structure of the drainage wire. The drainage wire is typically composed of multiple stranded wires and contains components such as a core and clamps. During vibration, relative motion and friction occur between these components, resulting in damage to the microstructure. Over time, this microscopic damage accumulates, forming macroscopic cracks and defects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a novel insulated prefabricated drain wire and its manufacturing method, which solves the problem that wind vibration can cause fatigue in the internal structure of the drain wire, leading to macroscopic cracks and defects.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a novel insulated prefabricated drain wire, comprising a core rod, an insulating sheath, an elastic damping mechanism, a clamp, and a skirt. The clamp connects to one end of the core rod. The outer surface of the skirt is coated with a nano-modified silicone rubber coating. A spirally wound carbon fiber reinforcement layer is embedded between the core rod and the insulating sheath. The surface of the skirt is provided with a flow guiding structure, and the skirts arranged along the axial direction of the drain wire adopt a differentiated diameter combination. The elastic damping mechanism is used to connect the skirt and the insulating sheath.

[0007] The above solution involves a flexible connection between the umbrella skirt and the insulating sheath via an elastic damping mechanism. The umbrella skirt also employs a multi-unit combination structure, which effectively alleviates the mechanical stress caused by dynamic loads such as wind vibration and ice vibration, thus providing a good vibration reduction effect and extending the service life of the drain line.

[0008] Preferably, the nanoparticles in the nano-modified silicone rubber coating are titanium dioxide or zinc oxide, the coating thickness is 0.1mm-0.5mm, and the nanoparticle size is 20nm-50nm.

[0009] Preferably, the pitch of the carbon fiber reinforcement layer is 5-8 mm, and the winding angle of the carbon fiber reinforcement layer along the axis of the mandrel is 45°.

[0010] Preferably, the flow guiding structure is at least one flow guiding groove circumferentially opened around the surface of the umbrella skirt, and the cross-section of the flow guiding groove is arc-shaped or V-shaped.

[0011] Preferably, the differentiated diameter combination includes large-diameter umbrella skirts, medium-diameter umbrella skirts, and small-diameter umbrella skirts. From one end of the drainage line to the other end, the umbrella skirt diameters are arranged alternately in a wave-like pattern of first gradually increasing, then gradually decreasing, and then gradually increasing again.

[0012] Preferably, the elastic damping mechanism includes an elastic silicone rubber sleeve and built-in polyurethane damping rings. The elastic silicone rubber sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the insulating sheath, and the polyurethane damping rings are evenly spaced along the axial direction of the insulating sheath and nested inside the silicone rubber sleeve. The outer diameter of the polyurethane damping rings is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the silicone rubber sleeve.

[0013] Preferably, the umbrella skirt contains a photothermal material, which is Fe3O4 magnetic particles.

[0014] A method for manufacturing a novel insulated prefabricated drain wire includes the following steps: S1. Process the conductor material into a core rod of a predetermined length and connect a clamp to one end of it; S2. A three-dimensional braiding process is used to spirally wind carbon fiber onto the surface of the mandrel at a 45° winding angle and a pitch of 5-8mm to form a continuous reinforcement. S3. Injection mold or extrusion form an insulating sheath on the outside of the carbon fiber reinforcement layer to make the sheath tightly bonded to the core rod and reinforcement layer; S4. Connect the large, medium and small diameter umbrella skirts with differentiated diameter combinations to the insulating sheath through an elastic damping mechanism. S5. Coat the outer surface of the umbrella skirt with a nano-modified silicone rubber coating and process flow grooves.

[0015] Preferably, in step 2: Pre-treat the mandrel surface and coat it with a coupling agent to enhance interfacial bonding. The three-dimensional braiding equipment is controlled to wind carbon fiber at a constant angle of 45°, and the pitch is monitored in real time to maintain it within the range of 5-8mm. After winding, the reinforcement is subjected to thermosetting treatment at a temperature of 120-150℃ for 30-60 minutes.

[0016] Preferably, in step 5: Titanium dioxide or zinc oxide nanoparticles with a particle size of 20-50nm are uniformly dispersed in a silicone rubber matrix, and a coating of 0.1-0.5mm thickness is formed on the surface of the umbrella skirt by spraying or impregnation. At least one flow-guiding groove with an arc or V-shaped cross section is machined circumferentially on the surface of the umbrella skirt using laser engraving or mold forming methods; Fe3O4 magnetic particles were added to the umbrella skirt material.

[0017] Working Principle: The mandrel is made of copper or copper alloy. The carbon fiber reinforcement layer is spirally wound onto the mandrel surface at a 45° winding angle and a pitch of 5-8mm using a three-dimensional weaving process, forming a continuous reinforcement. This enhances the mechanical strength and bending resistance of the mandrel, and also allows for uniform stress distribution under complex loads, improving stability and reliability, reducing the risk of damage, and simultaneously controlling costs. The umbrella skirt adopts a multi-unit combined structure, flexibly connected to the insulating sheath through an elastic damping mechanism including an elastic silicone rubber sleeve and a built-in polyurethane damping ring. The elastic silicone rubber sleeve adapts to the slight displacement and deformation of the umbrella skirt, providing stable support; the polyurethane damping ring dissipates vibration energy, reduces vibration amplitude, minimizes the impact on the internal structure and electrical performance, and improves vibration resistance. The insulating sheath is made of weather-resistant silicone rubber or ethylene propylene rubber, with a thickness controlled at 3–5 mm, providing primary insulation protection. The sheds arranged along the axial direction of the drain line adopt a differentiated diameter combination of large, medium, and small diameters arranged in a wave pattern to improve the electric field distribution around the drain line, reduce electric field concentration, reduce the possibility of partial discharge, improve insulation performance, enhance mechanical stability, disperse stress, and reduce the risk of shed damage and detachment. The outer surface of the umbrella skirt is coated with a nano-modified silicone rubber coating. The nanoparticles are selected from titanium dioxide or zinc oxide, with a particle size of 20nm-50nm and a coating thickness of 0.1mm-0.5mm. The nanoparticles are uniformly dispersed to form a dense coating, giving it excellent hydrophobicity, flashover resistance, and aging resistance. Hydrophobicity reduces water retention time and lowers the probability of flashover; flashover resistance ensures that the surface is not prone to contamination in harsh and polluted environments, maintaining good insulation performance; aging resistance extends the coating's service life and reduces maintenance costs. The umbrella skirt surface has at least one circumferentially circumferentially shaped flow-guiding groove with an arc or V-shaped cross-section. The arc-shaped groove shifts the airflow separation point backward, reducing the frequency of vortex shedding and avoiding resonance with the conductor's natural frequency. It also guides the liquid flow smoothly, reducing stagnation and splashing. The V-shaped groove has strong guiding properties, allowing for rapid liquid drainage. In rainy or humid environments, it can quickly drain rainwater and other liquids, preventing the accumulation of water film, reducing insulation performance degradation and leakage risk, and improving operational safety in humid environments. The umbrella skirt contains Fe3O4 magnetic particle photothermal material, which has photothermal conversion properties. It passively absorbs solar energy and converts it into heat energy, keeping the umbrella skirt surface temperature above the freezing point. In cold weather, it prevents ice and snow adhesion and accumulation, avoiding problems such as increased weight of the drain wire, decreased mechanical performance, and reduced electrical insulation performance, thus improving operational reliability and safety in low-temperature environments. This invention provides a novel insulated prefabricated drain wire and its manufacturing method. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention utilizes the flow-guiding grooves on the surface of the umbrella skirt. The arc or V-shaped cross-section of these grooves guides the airflow to form laminar flow along the umbrella skirt surface, reducing turbulent impact, lowering the amplitude of wind pressure pulsation, and preventing resonance with the natural frequency of the conductor. The carbon fiber reinforcement layer evenly distributes stress when subjected to axial and bending forces, effectively improving the stability and reliability of the guide wire under complex stress conditions and reducing the risk of damage caused by mechanical stress. The elastic damping mechanism improves the vibration resistance of the guide wire in complex environments, ensuring the safe and stable operation of the guide wire.

[0018] 2. This invention uses a nano-modified silicone rubber coating to give the umbrella skirt good hydrophobicity, flashover resistance, and aging resistance. The flashover resistance ensures that the umbrella skirt surface is not prone to dirt accumulation in harsh and polluted environments, maintaining good insulation performance. The V-shaped cross-section drainage groove can quickly drain liquid from the umbrella skirt surface. In rainy or humid environments, the drainage groove can quickly drain rainwater and other liquids, preventing liquid from accumulating on the umbrella skirt surface to form a water film, reducing the risk of insulation performance degradation and leakage caused by the water film, and improving the operational safety of the drainage line in humid environments. 3. The umbrella skirts arranged along the axial direction of the drainage line in this invention employ a differentiated diameter combination, which can effectively improve the electric field distribution around the drainage line, reduce electric field concentration, and lower the possibility of partial discharge, thereby improving the insulation performance of the drainage line. Simultaneously, the differentiated diameter umbrella skirt combination also enhances the mechanical stability of the drainage line, better dispersing stress under different wind speeds and vibration conditions, reducing the risk of umbrella skirt damage and detachment, and extending the service life of the drainage line.

[0019] 4. This invention adds an appropriate amount of Fe3O4 magnetic particles to the umbrella skirt material, which allows the surface temperature of the umbrella skirt to be maintained above the freezing point. In cold weather conditions, when the ambient temperature is below the freezing point, the surface of the umbrella skirt remains warm due to the effect of the photothermal material, which can effectively prevent ice and snow from adhering and accumulating on the surface of the umbrella skirt. This avoids problems such as increased weight of the drainage line, decreased mechanical properties, and reduced electrical insulation performance caused by icing, and improves the reliability and safety of the drainage line in low-temperature environments. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the insulating sheath of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the manufacturing method of the present invention.

[0021] The components include: 1. Main cable; 2. Cable clamp; 3. Core rod; 4. Insulating sheath; 5. Carbon fiber reinforcement layer; 6. Umbrella skirt. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Please see the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 2 This invention provides a novel insulated prefabricated drain wire, comprising a core rod 3, an insulating sheath 4, an elastic damping mechanism, a wire clamp 2, and a skirt 6. The wire clamp 2 is connected to one end of the core rod 3. The outer surface of the skirt 6 is coated with a nano-modified silicone rubber coating. A spirally wound carbon fiber reinforcement layer 5 is embedded between the core rod 3 and the insulating sheath 4. The surface of the skirt 6 is provided with a flow guiding structure, and the skirts 6 arranged along the axial direction of the drain wire adopt a differentiated diameter combination. The elastic damping mechanism is used to connect the skirt 6 and the insulating sheath 4.

[0024] Specifically, the core rod 3 is made of copper or copper alloy, which has high mechanical strength; the insulating sheath 4 is made of silicone rubber or ethylene propylene rubber with excellent weather resistance, and the thickness is controlled at 3-5mm to provide main insulation protection; the umbrella skirt 6 adopts a multi-unit combination structure, and achieves flexible connection with the insulating sheath 4 through an elastic damping mechanism, which can effectively alleviate the mechanical stress caused by dynamic loads such as wind vibration and ice vibration, and extend the service life; the wire clamp 2 connects the drain wire to the main cable 1.

[0025] The nanoparticles in the nano-modified silicone rubber coating are titanium dioxide or zinc oxide, the coating thickness is 0.1mm-0.5mm, and the nanoparticle size is 20nm-50nm.

[0026] Specifically, the outer surface of the umbrella skirt 6 is coated with a nano-modified silicone rubber coating. The nanoparticles in the nano-modified silicone rubber coating are selected from titanium dioxide or zinc oxide, and the coating thickness is precisely controlled between 0.1mm and 0.5mm to ensure that the coating can fully exert its performance without affecting the overall structure and weight of the umbrella skirt 6 due to excessive thickness. The nanoparticle size is 20nm-50nm, which allows the nanoparticles to be uniformly dispersed in the silicone rubber matrix, forming a highly dense coating structure. This gives the coating good hydrophobicity, flashover resistance, and aging resistance. Hydrophobicity causes rainwater and other liquids to form droplets and roll off the surface of the skirt, reducing the residence time of water on the surface of the umbrella skirt 6 and lowering the probability of flashover. Flashover resistance ensures that the surface of the umbrella skirt 6 is not prone to dirt accumulation in harsh polluted environments, maintaining good insulation performance. Aging resistance extends the service life of the coating and reduces maintenance costs.

[0027] The pitch of the carbon fiber reinforcement layer 5 is 5-8mm, and the winding angle of the carbon fiber reinforcement layer 5 along the axis of the mandrel 3 is 45°.

[0028] Specifically, a spirally wound carbon fiber reinforcement layer 5 is embedded between the core rod 3 and the insulating sheath 4, improving the mechanical strength and bending resistance of the drain wire. The carbon fiber reinforcement layer 5 is formed into a continuous reinforcement through a three-dimensional weaving process, allowing the carbon fibers to intertwine in three-dimensional space to form a unified structure. The pitch of the carbon fiber reinforcement layer 5 is 5-8mm, ensuring reinforcement while rationally controlling the amount of carbon fiber used, thus reducing costs. The winding angle of the carbon fiber reinforcement layer 5 along the axis of the core rod 3 is 45°, allowing for uniform stress distribution when subjected to axial and bending forces. This effectively improves the stability and reliability of the drain wire under complex stress conditions and reduces the risk of damage caused by mechanical stress.

[0029] The flow guiding structure consists of at least one flow guiding groove circumferentially opened around the surface of the umbrella skirt 6, and the cross-section of the flow guiding groove is arc-shaped or V-shaped.

[0030] Specifically, the surface of the umbrella skirt 6 is equipped with a flow-guiding structure. The arc or V-shaped cross-section of the flow-guiding grooves guides the airflow to form laminar flow along the surface of the umbrella skirt 6, reducing turbulent impact. When the airflow comes into contact with the surface of the umbrella skirt 6, the groove structure changes the local velocity distribution, making the wind speed gradient more gradual, thereby reducing the amplitude of wind pressure pulsation. For example, the arc-shaped grooves can shift the airflow separation point backward, reducing the frequency of vortex shedding and avoiding resonance with the natural frequency of the conductor. The arc-shaped cross-section flow-guiding grooves have smooth lines and can also guide liquid to flow smoothly along the grooves, reducing liquid retention and splashing on the surface of the umbrella skirt 6; the V-shaped cross-section flow-guiding grooves have stronger guiding properties and can quickly drain liquid from the surface of the umbrella skirt 6. In rainy or humid environments, these flow-guiding grooves can quickly drain rainwater and other liquids, preventing liquid from accumulating on the surface of the umbrella skirt 6 to form a water film, thereby reducing the risk of insulation degradation and leakage caused by the water film and improving the operational safety of the guide wire in humid environments.

[0031] The differentiated diameter combination includes large-diameter umbrella skirt 6, medium-diameter umbrella skirt 6 and small-diameter umbrella skirt 6. From one end of the drainage line to the other end, the diameter of the umbrella skirt 6 is arranged alternately in a wave-like pattern of first gradually increasing, then gradually decreasing, and then gradually increasing again.

[0032] Specifically, the umbrella skirts 6 arranged along the axial direction of the drainage line employ a differentiated diameter combination. This arrangement effectively improves the electric field distribution around the drainage line, reduces electric field concentration, lowers the possibility of partial discharge, and thus improves the insulation performance of the drainage line. Simultaneously, the differentiated diameter umbrella skirt combination also enhances the mechanical stability of the drainage line. Under different wind speeds and vibration conditions, it can better disperse stress, reduce the risk of damage and detachment of the umbrella skirts 6, and extend the service life of the drainage line.

[0033] The elastic damping mechanism includes an elastic silicone rubber sleeve and built-in polyurethane damping rings. The elastic silicone rubber sleeve is fitted on the outside of the insulating sheath 4. The polyurethane damping rings are evenly spaced along the axial direction of the insulating sheath 4 and nested inside the silicone rubber sleeve. The outer diameter of the polyurethane damping rings is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the silicone rubber sleeve.

[0034] Specifically, the elastic damping mechanism connects the umbrella skirt 6 assembly to the drain line core rod 3. The elastic silicone rubber sleeve has good elasticity and flexibility, capable of adapting to the minute displacements and deformations of the umbrella skirt 6 in different directions, providing stable support for the umbrella skirt 6. The built-in polyurethane damping ring has excellent damping performance. When the drain line is subjected to external vibration or impact, the polyurethane damping ring can quickly dissipate vibration energy, reducing the vibration amplitude to a minimum and minimizing the impact of vibration on the internal structure and electrical performance of the drain line. This elastic damping mechanism design effectively improves the vibration resistance of the drain line in complex environments, ensuring the safe and stable operation of the drain line.

[0035] The umbrella skirt 6 contains photothermal material, which is Fe3O4 magnetic particles.

[0036] Specifically, the umbrella skirt 6 contains photothermal materials. Fe3O4 magnetic particles possess unique photothermal conversion properties, passively absorbing energy from sunlight and converting it into heat. By adding an appropriate amount of Fe3O4 magnetic particles to the umbrella skirt 6 material, the surface temperature of the umbrella skirt 6 can be maintained above the freezing point. In cold weather conditions, when the ambient temperature is below the freezing point, the surface of the umbrella skirt 6 remains warm due to the photothermal materials, effectively preventing ice and snow from adhering and accumulating on the surface of the umbrella skirt 6. This avoids problems such as increased weight of the drainage line, decreased mechanical properties, and reduced electrical insulation performance caused by icing, thus improving the operational reliability and safety of the drainage line in low-temperature environments.

[0037] Please see the appendix Figure 3 A method for manufacturing a novel insulated prefabricated drain wire includes the following steps: S1. Process the conductor material into a core rod 3 of a predetermined length and connect a clamp 2 to one end of it; S2. Using a three-dimensional braiding process, carbon fiber is spirally wound onto the surface of mandrel 3 at a 45° winding angle and a pitch of 5-8mm to form a continuous reinforcement. S3. Inject or extrude the insulating sheath 4 onto the carbon fiber reinforcement layer 5 to make the sheath tightly bonded to the core rod 3 and the reinforcement layer; S4. Connect the large, medium and small diameter umbrella skirts 6 with the differentiated diameter combination to the insulating sheath 4 through an elastic damping mechanism. S5. A nano-modified silicone rubber coating is applied to the outer surface of the umbrella skirt 6, and a flow-guiding groove is processed.

[0038] Specifically, firstly, a core rod 3 is prepared by processing the conductor material into a core rod of a predetermined length, and connecting a clamp 2 to one end, providing a stable electrical connection foundation and mechanical support structure for the entire drain line. Next, a carbon fiber reinforcement layer 5 is wound around it. Using a three-dimensional weaving process, carbon fibers are spirally wound onto the surface of the core rod 3 at a 45° winding angle and a pitch of 5-8mm, forming a continuous reinforcement and enhancing the mechanical strength of the core rod 3. Then, an insulating sheath 4 is wrapped around it. An insulating sheath is injection-molded or extruded onto the carbon fiber reinforcement layer 5, ensuring a tight bond between the sheath, the core rod 3, and the reinforcement layer, providing excellent insulation performance. Afterward, the umbrella skirt 6 assembly is assembled. Large, medium, and small diameter umbrella skirts 6 with differentiated diameter combinations are connected to the core rod 3 through an elastic damping mechanism, ensuring stable installation and good mechanical performance of the umbrella skirts 6. Finally, surface functionalization treatment is performed. A nano-modified silicone rubber coating is applied to the outer surface of the umbrella skirts 6, and drainage grooves are processed, further improving the waterproof, stain-resistant, and insulating properties of the umbrella skirts 6.

[0039] In step S2: The surface of the pretreated mandrel 3 is coated with a coupling agent to enhance interfacial bonding. The three-dimensional braiding equipment is controlled to wind carbon fiber at a constant angle of 45°, and the pitch is monitored in real time to maintain it within the range of 5-8mm. After winding, the reinforcement is subjected to thermosetting treatment at a temperature of 120-150℃ for 30-60 minutes.

[0040] Specifically, the surface of the mandrel 3 is first pretreated by coating it with a coupling agent to enhance interfacial bonding. The coupling agent forms chemical bonds between the mandrel 3 surface and the carbon fibers, improving the bond strength between them and ensuring a tight bond between the carbon fiber reinforcement layer 5 and the mandrel 3, allowing them to jointly withstand mechanical stress. Then, a three-dimensional braiding device is used to wind the carbon fibers at a constant 45° angle, with the pitch monitored in real time to maintain it within the range of 5-8 mm. Precise control of the winding angle and pitch ensures the uniformity and stability of the carbon fiber reinforcement layer 5, allowing it to fully exert its reinforcing effect. After winding, the reinforcement is thermosetting at 120-150℃ for 30-60 minutes. Thermosetting allows the carbon fibers and resin matrix to fully cure, forming a robust composite material structure and further improving the mechanical properties and durability of the carbon fiber reinforcement layer 5.

[0041] In step S5: Titanium dioxide or zinc oxide nanoparticles with a particle size of 20-50nm are uniformly dispersed in a silicone rubber matrix, and a coating of 0.1-0.5mm thickness is formed on the surface of the umbrella skirt 6 by spraying or impregnation. At least one flow-guiding groove with an arc or V-shaped cross section is machined circumferentially on the surface of the umbrella skirt 6 using laser engraving or mold forming methods; Fe3O4 magnetic particles were added to the umbrella skirt material 6.

[0042] Specifically, the process begins with the preparation of a nano-coating. Titanium dioxide or zinc oxide nanoparticles with a particle size of 20-50 nm are uniformly dispersed in a silicone rubber matrix, and a 0.1-0.5 mm thick coating is formed on the surface of the umbrella skirt 6 using a spraying or dipping process. Controlling the uniformity of nanoparticle dispersion and coating thickness ensures the consistency and stability of coating performance. The flow-guiding structure is fabricated using laser engraving or mold forming, creating at least one arc-shaped or V-shaped flow-guiding groove circumferentially on the surface of the umbrella skirt 6. Laser engraving technology allows for precise control of the size and shape of the flow-guiding groove; mold forming is suitable for large-scale production, ensuring the consistency and quality stability of the flow-guiding groove. Finally, photothermal material composites are used. Fe3O4 magnetic particles are added to the umbrella skirt 6 material, allowing the umbrella skirt 6 to maintain a surface temperature above freezing point through passive solar energy absorption. The process of adding Fe3O4 magnetic particles requires precise control of particle content and dispersion uniformity to ensure the stability and reliability of the photothermal conversion effect.

[0043] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A novel insulated prefabricated lead wire, characterized in that, The device includes a core rod (3), an insulating sheath (4), an elastic damping mechanism, a clamp (2), and a skirt (6). The clamp (2) is connected to one end of the core rod (3). The outer surface of the skirt (6) is covered with a nano-modified silicone rubber coating. A spirally wound carbon fiber reinforcement layer (5) is embedded between the core rod (3) and the insulating sheath (4). The surface of the skirt (6) is provided with a flow guiding structure, and the skirts (6) arranged along the axial direction of the flow guiding line adopt a differentiated diameter combination. The elastic damping mechanism is used to connect the skirt (6) and the insulating sheath (4).

2. The novel insulated prefabricated lead wire according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nanoparticles in the nano-modified silicone rubber coating are titanium dioxide or zinc oxide, the coating thickness is 0.1mm-0.5mm, and the nanoparticle size is 20nm-50nm.

3. The novel insulated prefabricated lead wire according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pitch of the carbon fiber reinforcement layer (5) is 5-8 mm, and the winding angle of the carbon fiber reinforcement layer (5) along the axis of the mandrel (3) is 45°.

4. The novel insulated prefabricated lead wire according to claim 3, characterized in that, The flow guiding structure is at least one flow guiding groove circumferentially opened around the surface of the umbrella skirt (6), and the cross-section of the flow guiding groove is arc-shaped or V-shaped.

5. A novel insulated prefabricated lead wire according to claim 4, characterized in that, The differentiated diameter combination includes large-diameter umbrella skirts (6), medium-diameter umbrella skirts (6) and small-diameter umbrella skirts (6). From one end of the drainage line to the other end, the diameter of the umbrella skirts (6) is arranged alternately in a wave-like pattern of first gradually increasing, then gradually decreasing, and then gradually increasing again.

6. A novel insulated prefabricated lead wire according to claim 5, characterized in that, The elastic damping mechanism includes an elastic silicone rubber sleeve and a built-in polyurethane damping ring. The elastic silicone rubber sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the insulating sheath (4). The polyurethane damping ring is evenly spaced along the axial direction of the insulating sheath (4) and nested inside the silicone rubber sleeve. The outer diameter of the polyurethane damping ring is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the silicone rubber sleeve.

7. A novel insulated prefabricated lead wire according to claim 6, characterized in that, The umbrella skirt (6) contains a photothermal material, which is Fe3O4 magnetic particles.

8. A method for manufacturing a novel insulated prefabricated lead wire according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The conductor material is processed into a core rod (3) of a predetermined length, and a clamp (2) is connected to one end of it. S2. Using a three-dimensional weaving process, carbon fiber is spirally wound onto the surface of the mandrel (3) at a 45° winding angle and a pitch of 5-8mm to form a continuous reinforcement. S3. Inject or extrude an insulating sheath (4) onto the carbon fiber reinforcement layer (5) to make the sheath tightly bonded to the core rod (3) and the reinforcement layer; S4. Connect the large, medium and small diameter umbrella skirts (6) of the differentiated diameter combination to the insulating sheath (4) through an elastic damping mechanism. S5. A nano-modified silicone rubber coating is applied to the outer surface of the umbrella skirt (6), and a flow groove is processed.

9. The method for manufacturing a novel insulated prefabricated lead wire according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step S2: The surface of the pretreated mandrel (3) is coated with a coupling agent to enhance the interfacial bonding force; The three-dimensional braiding equipment is controlled to wind carbon fiber at a constant angle of 45°, and the pitch is monitored in real time to maintain it within the range of 5-8mm. After winding, the reinforcement is subjected to thermosetting treatment at a temperature of 120-150℃ for 30-60 minutes.

10. A method for manufacturing a novel insulated prefabricated lead wire according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step S5: Titanium dioxide or zinc oxide nanoparticles with a particle size of 20-50nm are uniformly dispersed in a silicone rubber matrix, and a coating of 0.1-0.5mm thickness is formed on the surface of the umbrella skirt by spraying or impregnation. Using laser engraving or mold forming, at least one flow guide groove with an arc or V-shaped cross section is processed circumferentially on the surface of the umbrella skirt (6); Fe3O4 magnetic particles were added to the umbrella skirt (6) material.

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