Frequency regulation control method for hybrid supercapacitor energy storage combined thermal power generating unit

Abstract

The invention relates to a hybrid supercapacitor energy storage and thermal power generating unit combined frequency regulation control method, which comprises the following steps: acquiring the current frequency of a power grid and the charge state of a hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system, and calculating the frequency deviation and the frequency change rate based on the current frequency of the power grid; judging whether the charge state of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is within a first preset range or not; if the charge state of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is within a first preset range, judging whether the frequency deviation crosses a dead zone or not; and if the frequency deviation exceeds the dead zone, adjusting a discharge control coefficient or a charge control coefficient according to the frequency deviation to perform droop control, and adjusting a virtual inertia coefficient according to the frequency change rate to perform virtual inertia control. According to the invention, the power regulation speed, response time and regulation precision of frequency modulation can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of thermal power unit control technology, and in particular to a frequency regulation control method for a hybrid supercapacitor energy storage combined thermal power unit. Background Technology

[0002] While thermal power units possess the capability to participate in grid frequency regulation, they also face several limitations in this process. Traditional thermal power units often exhibit reverse regulation during frequency regulation. This is primarily due to unreasonable control logic or parameter settings, resulting in the power adjustment direction being opposite to the expected direction after the frequency regulation command is issued. Furthermore, due to factors such as equipment aging, insufficient control precision, measurement errors, and inaccurate model predictions, the actual adjusted power deviates from the power required by the frequency regulation command. Additionally, traditional thermal power units also experience a regulation delay when participating in frequency regulation. Specifically, after the frequency regulation command is issued, there is usually a certain delay in the actual power adjustment of the thermal power unit: firstly, the control system needs time to detect frequency changes, process signals, and issue control commands; secondly, the boiler, turbine, and other equipment in the thermal power unit possess thermal and mechanical inertia, making their output adjustment relatively slow.

[0003] With the large-scale integration of renewable energy into the grid, grid frequency fluctuations become more frequent and severe, significantly increasing the difficulty and demand for grid frequency regulation. Traditional thermal power units then need to adjust their output more frequently to maintain stable grid frequency operation, placing more stringent demands on their adjustment speed and flexibility. As the proportion of renewable energy connected to the grid continues to rise, the overall inertia level of the power system is decreasing, weakening its ability to resist frequency disturbances and significantly reducing frequency stability. Consequently, even small power disturbances can trigger large frequency fluctuations. Thermal power units, due to their high inertia, struggle to respond quickly to frequency changes and are ineffective at suppressing frequency fluctuations, further increasing the pressure on frequency regulation. To adapt to the new situation of large-scale renewable energy integration, thermal power units often have to undertake more peak-shaving tasks and frequently adjust their load, making their operating conditions more complex and unstable.

[0004] To address this issue, a common approach is to introduce energy storage systems into frequency regulation. The main control methods for energy storage in frequency regulation include droop control, virtual inertial control, and integrated inertial control. Droop control effectively controls steady-state frequency deviation, but it struggles to control the rate of frequency change during large fluctuations. Virtual inertial control effectively controls the rate of frequency change, but it only works during frequency disturbances and fails in steady state. Integrated inertial control combines droop control and virtual inertial control, operating in a complementary and coordinated manner. It maintains steady-state frequency deviation while controlling transient frequency drops and the rate of change of the maximum frequency deviation, thus ensuring stable power system operation. However, integrated inertial control also has drawbacks. First, it cannot precisely adjust the energy storage output based on the depth of the frequency drop. This means that with varying degrees of frequency drop, integrated inertial control struggles to flexibly adjust the energy storage output power, failing to fully utilize the energy storage's role and impacting frequency regulation effectiveness. Second, during the frequency recovery phase, integrated inertial control may hinder frequency recovery. Due to the characteristics of its control strategy, it may cause some interference or suppression to the frequency recovery process, resulting in a slower frequency recovery speed or fluctuations, which in turn affects the overall stability of the power system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a frequency regulation control method, device, equipment and medium for hybrid supercapacitor energy storage combined with thermal power unit, which can effectively improve the power regulation speed, response time and regulation accuracy of frequency regulation.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: to provide a frequency regulation and control method for a hybrid supercapacitor energy storage combined with a thermal power unit, comprising:

[0007] The current frequency of the power grid and the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system are obtained, and the frequency deviation and frequency change rate are calculated based on the current frequency of the power grid.

[0008] Determine whether the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is within a first preset range;

[0009] If the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is within the first preset range, then it is determined whether the frequency deviation exceeds the dead zone.

[0010] If the frequency deviation exceeds the dead zone, the discharge control coefficient or charging control coefficient of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is adjusted according to the frequency deviation to perform droop control, and the virtual inertia coefficient of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is adjusted according to the frequency change rate to perform virtual inertia control.

[0011] When adjusting the discharge control coefficient or charge control coefficient of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system according to the frequency deviation for droop control, the adjusted discharge control coefficient is calculated as follows: K Ed =K E_base +Δf·K e The adjusted charging control coefficient is calculated as follows: K Ec =K E_base +Δf·K g Among them, K Ed K is the adjusted discharge control coefficient. Ec K is the adjusted charging control coefficient. E_base The base droop coefficient value, Δf is the frequency deviation, and K e K is the initial discharge control coefficient. g The initial charging control coefficient is used. In the energy storage droop control section, an improved control based on the variable K-method is adopted, which dynamically adjusts the droop control coefficient with the frequency drop depth. The deeper the frequency drop, the larger the droop coefficient, thereby improving the response capability of droop control.

[0012] When adjusting the virtual inertia coefficient of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system according to the frequency change rate to perform virtual inertia control, the adjustment method of the virtual inertia coefficient is as follows: Among them, M E M is the adjusted virtual inertia coefficient. E0 M is the virtual inertia constant coefficient. q Let dΔf / dt be the initial virtual inertia control coefficient, and dΔf / dt be the frequency change rate. In the virtual inertia control section, an improved virtual inertia control is adopted, with the inertia control coefficient adjusted in real time according to the frequency change rate. During the frequency deterioration to the maximum frequency deviation stage, the inertia coefficient increases with the frequency change rate; during the frequency recovery stage, the inertia coefficient decreases with the frequency change rate, thus better adapting to frequency changes and improving frequency modulation performance.

[0013] The frequency regulation and control method for the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage combined with thermal power unit also includes:

[0014] If the frequency deviation does not exceed the dead zone, the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system will not start.

[0015] The frequency regulation and control method for the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage combined with thermal power unit also includes:

[0016] If the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is not within the first preset range, then it is determined whether the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is within the second preset range. The second preset range is the range constructed by the lower limit of the state of charge and the smaller boundary value in the first preset range, or the second preset range is the range constructed by the larger boundary value in the first preset range and the upper limit of the state of charge.

[0017] If the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is within a second preset range, the discharge control coefficient or charging control coefficient of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is adjusted according to the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system to perform droop control, and the discharge control coefficient or charging control coefficient changes in an S-shaped curve as the state of charge increases.

[0018] When adjusting the discharge control coefficient or charge control coefficient of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system according to the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system to perform droop control, the adjustment method of the discharge control coefficient is as follows: The adjustment method for the charging control coefficient is as follows: Among them, K Ed K is the adjusted discharge control coefficient. Ec K is the adjusted charging control coefficient. E_base The base droop factor value, SOC is the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system, SOC min The State of Charge (SOC) is the limit value under the state of charge. max is the upper limit of the state of charge, and n is used to measure the rate of change of the curve.

[0019] The frequency regulation and control method for the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage combined with thermal power unit also includes:

[0020] If the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is not within the second preset range, the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system will not start.

[0021] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: to provide a frequency regulation and control device for a hybrid supercapacitor energy storage combined with a thermal power unit, comprising:

[0022] The calculation module is used to acquire the current frequency of the power grid and the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system, and to calculate the frequency deviation and frequency change rate based on the current frequency of the power grid.

[0023] The first judgment module is used to determine whether the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is within a first preset range;

[0024] The second judgment module is used to determine whether the frequency deviation exceeds the dead zone when the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is within a first preset range.

[0025] The first adjustment module is used to adjust the discharge control coefficient or charging control coefficient of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system according to the frequency deviation to perform droop control when the frequency deviation crosses the dead zone, and at the same time adjust the virtual inertia coefficient of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system according to the frequency change rate to perform virtual inertia control.

[0026] The method for adjusting the discharge control coefficient in the first adjustment module is as follows: K Ed =K E_base +Δf·K e The method for adjusting the charging control coefficient is as follows: K Ec =K E_base +Δf·K g Among them, K Ed K is the adjusted discharge control coefficient. Ec K is the adjusted charging control coefficient. E_base The base sag coefficient value, Δf is the frequency deviation, and K e K is the initial discharge control coefficient. g This represents the initial charging control coefficient.

[0027] The method for adjusting the virtual inertia coefficient in the first adjustment module is as follows: Among them, M E M is the adjusted virtual inertia coefficient. E0 M is the virtual inertia constant coefficient. q dΔf / dt is the initial virtual inertia control coefficient, and dΔf / dt is the rate of change of frequency.

[0028] The frequency regulation and control device for the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage combined with thermal power unit also includes:

[0029] The first control module is used to control the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system not to start when the frequency deviation has not crossed the dead zone.

[0030] The frequency regulation and control device for the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage combined with thermal power unit also includes:

[0031] The third judgment module is used to determine whether the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is within a second preset range when the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is not within a first preset range. The second preset range is the range constructed by the lower limit of the state of charge and the smaller boundary value in the first preset range, or the second preset range is the range constructed by the larger boundary value in the first preset range and the upper limit of the state of charge.

[0032] The second adjustment module is used to adjust the discharge control coefficient or charge control coefficient of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system according to the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system when the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is within a second preset range, so as to perform droop control.

[0033] The method for adjusting the discharge control coefficient in the second adjustment module is as follows: The method for adjusting the charging control coefficient is as follows: Among them, K Ed K is the adjusted discharge control coefficient. Ec K is the adjusted charging control coefficient. E_base The base droop factor value, SOC is the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system, SOC min The State of Charge (SOC) is the limit value under the state of charge. max is the upper limit of the state of charge, and n is used to measure the rate of change of the curve.

[0034] The frequency regulation and control device for the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage combined with thermal power unit also includes:

[0035] The second control module is used to control the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system not to start when the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is not within a second preset range.

[0036] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: to provide an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the above-mentioned frequency regulation control method for hybrid supercapacitor energy storage combined with thermal power unit.

[0037] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: to provide a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the above-mentioned frequency regulation and control method for hybrid supercapacitor energy storage combined with thermal power unit are implemented.

[0038] Beneficial effects

[0039] By adopting the above-mentioned technical solutions, this invention has the following advantages and positive effects compared with the prior art: This invention determines the adjustment coefficient for droop control and the virtual inertia coefficient for virtual inertia control based on the state of charge and frequency deviation of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system, thereby effectively improving the power regulation speed, response time, and regulation accuracy of frequency regulation. In the energy storage droop control section, an improved control based on the variable K-method is adopted, which dynamically adjusts the droop control coefficient according to the frequency drop depth. The deeper the frequency drop, the larger the droop coefficient, thereby improving the response capability of droop control. In the virtual inertia control section, an improved virtual inertia control is adopted, and the inertia control coefficient is adjusted in real time according to the frequency change rate. During the stage where the frequency deteriorates to the maximum frequency deviation, the inertia coefficient increases with the frequency change rate; during the frequency recovery stage, the inertia coefficient decreases with the frequency change rate, thereby better adapting to frequency changes and improving frequency regulation performance. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the frequency regulation and control method of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage combined with thermal power unit according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the frequency regulation and control strategy of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage combined with thermal power unit according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 3 This is a comparison chart of energy storage frequency regulation control methods;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a graph showing the droop coefficient using the variable K-method;

[0044] Figure 5 It is an improved variable K-method droop coefficient diagram;

[0045] Figure 6 This is a frequency graph showing the changes in the droop control coefficient;

[0046] Figure 7 This is a frequency diagram showing the changes in the virtual inertia control coefficient. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that after reading the teachings of this invention, those skilled in the art can make various alterations or modifications to the invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0048] The first embodiment of this invention relates to a frequency regulation control method for a hybrid supercapacitor energy storage combined with a thermal power unit. This method employs a hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system for frequency regulation, and includes an energy storage droop control section and a virtual inertia control section. In the energy storage droop control section, an improved control based on the variable K-method is used, dynamically adjusting the droop control coefficient according to the frequency drop depth. The deeper the frequency drop, the larger the droop coefficient, thereby improving the responsiveness of the droop control. In the virtual inertia control section, an improved virtual inertia control is used. The inertia control coefficient is adjusted in real time according to the frequency change rate. During the stage where the frequency deteriorates to the maximum frequency deviation, the inertia coefficient increases with the frequency change rate; during the frequency recovery stage, the inertia coefficient decreases with the frequency change rate, thus better adapting to frequency changes and improving frequency regulation performance.

[0049] The hybrid supercapacitor in this embodiment is not a traditional combination of lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors, but rather consists of supercapacitor electrodes and battery-type electrodes. The double-layer capacitor electrode utilizes rapid charge response to improve rate capability, while the battery-type electrode utilizes redox reactions or ion intercalation reactions to improve capacity, such as in lithium-ion capacitors. The positive electrode material of the lithium-ion capacitor is activated carbon material for double-layer energy storage, and the negative electrode material is an intercalated carbon material with lithium-ion intercalation / deintercalation capabilities. The electrolyte is a lithium salt electrolyte. During charging, lithium ions detach from the surface of the positive electrode material, pass through the electrolyte and separator, and then intercalate into the crystal lattice of the negative electrode material. During discharging, lithium ions are extracted from the crystal lattice of the negative electrode material, pass through the electrolyte, and return to the surface of the positive electrode material, forming a double layer with the positive electrode charge. The negative electrode potential after lithium intercalation is low, resulting in high operating voltage and energy and power densities between those of lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors.

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, the frequency regulation and control method of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage combined with thermal power unit in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0051] Step 1: Obtain the current frequency of the power grid and the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system, and calculate the frequency deviation and frequency change rate based on the current frequency of the power grid, wherein the frequency deviation is the difference between the current frequency of the power grid and the preset frequency of the power grid, and the frequency change rate is obtained by differentiating the frequency deviation over time.

[0052] Step 2: Determine whether the State of Charge (SOC) of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is within a preset range. To avoid excessive charging and discharging of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system during long-term disturbances, which could lead to an excessively high or low SOC and thus affect its lifespan, this embodiment sets four SOC marker values ​​and divides the SOC range into five segments: 0 to SOC. min SOC min ~SOCnl SOC nl ~SOC nh SOC nh ~SOC max SOC max ~100, of which, SOC nl ~SOC nh This is the first preset range, SOC min The State of Charge (SOC) is the limit value under the state of charge. max The upper limit of the state of charge (SOC) nl SOC is the smaller boundary value within the first preset range. nh It is the larger boundary value in the first preset range.

[0053] In this step, if the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor is at SOC... nl ~SOC nh If the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is not at SOC, proceed to step 3. nl ~SOC nh Between these points, it can be further determined whether the state of charge (SOC) of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is within a second preset range. This second preset range is either the range constructed by the lower limit of the SOC and the smaller boundary value of the first preset range, or the range constructed by the larger boundary value of the first preset range and the upper limit of the SOC. In other words, it is determined whether the SOC is satisfied. min <SOC<SOC nl or SOC nh <SOC<SOC max If the conditions are met, the discharge control coefficient or charging control coefficient of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is adjusted according to the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system to perform droop control, and the discharge control coefficient or charging control coefficient changes in an S-shaped curve as the state of charge increases. If the conditions are not met, the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is not started to avoid overcharging and discharging.

[0054] Step 3: If the state of charge (SOC) of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is within a first preset range, then determine whether the frequency deviation has exceeded the dead zone. In this step, the SOC of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is... nl ~SOC nh If the frequency deviation exceeds the dead zone, it is further determined whether |Δf| is greater than or equal to 0.033Hz. If |Δf| is greater than or equal to 0.033Hz, it means that the frequency deviation has exceeded the dead zone, and then proceed to step 4. If |Δf| is less than 0.033Hz, it means that the frequency deviation has not exceeded the dead zone, and the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system does not start.

[0055] Step 4: If the frequency deviation exceeds the dead zone, adjust the discharge control coefficient or charging control coefficient of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system according to the frequency deviation to perform droop control, and simultaneously adjust the virtual inertia coefficient of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system according to the frequency change rate to perform virtual inertia control; wherein, the larger the frequency deviation, the larger the discharge control coefficient or charging control coefficient; when the frequency is in the recovery phase, the larger the frequency change rate, the smaller the virtual inertia coefficient; when the frequency is not in the recovery phase, the larger the frequency change rate, the larger the virtual inertia coefficient.

[0056] like Figure 2 As shown, f n The system frequency preset for the power grid, f is the current system frequency of the power grid, and M is the system frequency of the power grid. E0 K is the virtual inertia constant coefficient. e K is the initial discharge control coefficient. g M is the initial charging control coefficient. q The initial virtual inertia control coefficient is determined based on the scale, structure, and operating conditions of the power grid. The total virtual inertia required is then allocated according to the proportion of the energy storage system in the power grid or the importance of its connection point. Figure 2 The upper half is the droop control section based on the K-variant method, and the lower half is the improved virtual inertia control section.

[0057] In this embodiment, five SOC ranges are defined, where the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is between 0 and SOC. nl and SOC nh When the energy storage temperature is within the range of ~100, the improved droop control strategy based on the K-variation method of this embodiment can avoid overcharging and over-discharging of the energy storage, and achieve a state of charge (SOC) of ~100. nl ~SOC nh When the SOC range is within the specified range, the improved droop control strategy based on the K-variation method of this embodiment can be used to make the droop coefficient change with the frequency, thereby enhancing the energy storage system's ability to support the frequency.

[0058] Taking frequency downlink as an example, the improved variable K-method formula for the discharge coefficient superposition in the droop control coefficient in this embodiment is as follows:

[0059]

[0060] The improved variable K-method formula for the droop control coefficient, which is the sum of the charging coefficients, is as follows:

[0061]

[0062] Among them, K Ed K is the adjusted discharge control coefficient.Ec K is the adjusted charging control coefficient. E_base Basic droop coefficient value, K Ed1 and K Ec1 The coefficients that vary with SOC are expressed as follows:

[0063]

[0064] Here, n is used to measure how fast the curve changes.

[0065] K Ed2 and K Ec2 The coefficients that vary with the frequency deviation Δf are expressed as follows:

[0066] K Ed2 =Δf·K e ;K Ec2 =Δf·K g .

[0067] Therefore, when adopting the improved droop control strategy based on the variable K method, the SOC of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is between 0 and SOC. min and SOC max When the SOC of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is within the range of ~100, its droop coefficient is 0, meaning the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system will not be activated; when the SOC of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is within the range of ~100, its droop coefficient is 0, meaning the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system will not be activated. min ~SOC nl and SOC nh ~SOC max Within a certain range, the droop coefficient exhibits an S-shaped curve variation with increasing SOC; when the SOC of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is within a certain range... nl ~SOC nh Within the range, the sag control coefficient changes with the frequency and the drop depth; the greater the drop depth, the greater the sag coefficient.

[0068] Taking frequency downlink as an example again, the formula for the virtual inertia coefficient in this implementation is:

[0069]

[0070] Among them, M E The adjusted virtual inertia coefficient is dΔf / dt, where dΔf / dt is the rate of change of frequency.

[0071] Therefore, when dΔf / dt is the rate of frequency change greater than 0, it indicates that the frequency is not in the recovery phase. In this case, the larger the rate of frequency change dΔf / dt, the larger the virtual inertia coefficient. Conversely, when dΔf / dt is less than 0, it indicates that the frequency is in the recovery phase. In this case, the larger the rate of frequency change dΔf / dt, the smaller the virtual inertia coefficient. Optimizing the virtual inertia control section of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system allows the virtual inertia coefficient to change with the rate of frequency change, providing effective damping during grid frequency deterioration phases, thereby improving system stability. During the grid frequency recovery phase, reducing the virtual inertia coefficient can further accelerate the frequency recovery speed.

[0072] Figure 3 The diagram compares energy storage frequency regulation control methods. When load disturbances occur, the grid frequency drops the most and recovers the slowest when there is no energy storage system. Both traditional constant-parameter energy storage and the adaptive control energy storage in this embodiment effectively reduce the frequency drop and accelerate the recovery. Comparing these three scenarios, the adaptive control energy storage system in this embodiment performs particularly well. It not only further reduces the frequency drop but also achieves the fastest recovery speed and reaches the new steady-state frequency more quickly. Furthermore, the adaptive control energy storage system in this embodiment can improve the steady-state frequency level to some extent. Therefore, the adaptive control strategy of this embodiment can dynamically adjust the energy storage system according to the actual operating state of the grid.

[0073] from Figure 4 It can be seen that under the variable K method, setting SOC nl and SOC nh In the range of 0 to SOC min and SOC max When the value is ~100, the droop factor is 0; at SOC min ~SOC nl and SOC nh ~SOC max At that time, the droop coefficient changes in an S-shaped curve as the SOC increases; at the SOC nl ~SOC nh The droop control coefficient is a constant. Figure 5 The improved variable K-method droop coefficient is shown, where (a) is the discharge coefficient curve and (b) is the charge coefficient curve. It can be clearly seen from the figures that, based on the variable K-method, when the state of charge (SOC) is at a certain level... nl ~SOC nhWithin this specific range, the droop control factor is not fixed but dynamically increases with the depth of the frequency drop. The deeper the frequency drop, the higher the droop control factor becomes, which enables the energy storage system to respond more quickly and effectively to frequency changes, providing more power support during frequency declines and thus better maintaining the frequency stability of the power system.

[0074] Figure 6 The diagram illustrates the frequency variation with the droop control coefficient. As the droop control coefficient increases, the rate of frequency decline after disturbances gradually decreases. A higher droop control coefficient enables the energy storage system to respond more quickly and effectively to changes in grid frequency, thereby providing greater active power support and mitigating frequency drops. Furthermore, after the system reaches steady state, a certain degree of frequency improvement is observed. This demonstrates that optimizing the droop control coefficient can not only improve the frequency stability of the grid under disturbance conditions but also further enhance the grid frequency under steady-state conditions, thereby improving the overall performance of the grid.

[0075] Figure 7 This demonstrates the frequency response to changes in the virtual inertia control coefficient. During frequency regulation control, an adaptive virtual inertia adjustment strategy is employed to optimize the dynamic response of the power grid frequency. During periods of power grid frequency deterioration, increasing the virtual inertia effectively slows the rate and magnitude of frequency decline. Conversely, during periods of power grid frequency recovery, decreasing the virtual inertia control coefficient accelerates the recovery speed.

[0076] It is easy to see that this invention determines the adjustment coefficient for droop control and the virtual inertia coefficient for virtual inertia control based on the state of charge and frequency deviation of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system, thereby effectively improving the power regulation speed, response time, and regulation accuracy of frequency regulation. In the energy storage droop control section, an improved control based on the variable K-method is adopted, allowing the droop control coefficient to dynamically adjust with the frequency drop depth; the deeper the frequency drop, the larger the droop coefficient, thus improving the responsiveness of droop control. In the virtual inertia control section, an improved virtual inertia control is used, with the inertia control coefficient adjusted in real time according to the frequency change rate. During the stage where the frequency deteriorates to the maximum frequency deviation, the inertia coefficient increases with the frequency change rate; during the frequency recovery stage, the inertia coefficient decreases with the frequency change rate, thus better adapting to frequency changes and improving frequency regulation performance.

[0077] The second embodiment of the present invention relates to a frequency regulation and control device for a hybrid supercapacitor energy storage combined with a thermal power unit, comprising:

[0078] The calculation module is used to acquire the current frequency of the power grid and the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system, and to calculate the frequency deviation and frequency change rate based on the current frequency of the power grid.

[0079] The first judgment module is used to determine whether the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is within a first preset range;

[0080] The second judgment module is used to determine whether the frequency deviation exceeds the dead zone when the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is within a first preset range.

[0081] The first adjustment module is used to adjust the discharge control coefficient or charging control coefficient of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system according to the frequency deviation to perform droop control when the frequency deviation crosses the dead zone, and at the same time adjust the virtual inertia coefficient of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system according to the frequency change rate to perform virtual inertia control.

[0082] The method for adjusting the discharge control coefficient in the first adjustment module is as follows: K Ed =K E_base +Δf·K e The method for adjusting the charging control coefficient is as follows: K Ec =K E_base +Δf·K g Among them, K Ed K is the adjusted discharge control coefficient. Ec K is the adjusted charging control coefficient. E_base The base sag coefficient value, Δf is the frequency deviation, and K e K is the initial discharge control coefficient. g This represents the initial charging control coefficient.

[0083] The method for adjusting the virtual inertia coefficient in the first adjustment module is as follows: Among them, M E M is the adjusted virtual inertia coefficient. E0 M is the virtual inertia constant coefficient. q dΔf / dt is the initial virtual inertia control coefficient, and dΔf / dt is the rate of change of frequency.

[0084] The frequency regulation and control device for the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage combined with thermal power unit also includes:

[0085] The first control module is used to control the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system not to start when the frequency deviation has not crossed the dead zone.

[0086] The frequency regulation and control device for the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage combined with thermal power unit also includes:

[0087] The third judgment module is used to determine whether the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is within a second preset range when the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is not within a first preset range. The second preset range is the range constructed by the lower limit of the state of charge and the smaller boundary value in the first preset range, or the second preset range is the range constructed by the larger boundary value in the first preset range and the upper limit of the state of charge.

[0088] The second adjustment module is used to adjust the discharge control coefficient or charge control coefficient of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system according to the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system when the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is within a second preset range, so as to perform droop control.

[0089] The method for adjusting the discharge control coefficient in the second adjustment module is as follows: The method for adjusting the charging control coefficient is as follows: Among them, K Ed K is the adjusted discharge control coefficient. Ec K is the adjusted charging control coefficient. E_base Based on the droop factor value, SOC is the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system. min The State of Charge (SOC) is the limit value under the state of charge. max is the upper limit of the state of charge, and n is used to measure the rate of change of the curve.

[0090] The frequency regulation and control device for the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage combined with thermal power unit also includes:

[0091] The second control module is used to control the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system not to start when the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage is not within a second preset range.

[0092] The third embodiment of the present invention relates to an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the frequency regulation control method of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage combined with thermal power unit of the first embodiment.

[0093] The fourth embodiment of the present invention relates to a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the frequency regulation control method for a hybrid supercapacitor energy storage combined with a thermal power unit according to the first embodiment.

[0094] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage and optical storage) containing computer-usable program code.

[0095] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0096] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction methods implemented in a process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0097] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0098] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A frequency regulation control method for a hybrid supercapacitor energy storage combined with a thermal power unit, characterized in that, include: The current frequency of the power grid and the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system are obtained, and the frequency deviation and frequency change rate are calculated based on the current frequency of the power grid. Determine whether the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is within a first preset range; If the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is within the first preset range, then it is determined whether the frequency deviation exceeds the dead zone. If the frequency deviation exceeds the dead zone, the discharge control coefficient or charging control coefficient of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is adjusted according to the frequency deviation to perform droop control, and the virtual inertia coefficient of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is adjusted according to the frequency change rate to perform virtual inertia control.

2. The frequency regulation and control method for a hybrid supercapacitor energy storage combined with a thermal power unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, When adjusting the discharge control coefficient or charge control coefficient of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system according to the frequency deviation for droop control, the calculation formula for the adjusted discharge control coefficient is: K Ed =K E_base +Δf·K e The adjusted charging control coefficient is calculated as follows: K Ec =K E_base +Δf·K g Among them, K Ed K is the adjusted discharge control coefficient. Ec K is the adjusted charging control coefficient. E_base The base droop coefficient value, Δf is the frequency deviation, and K e K is the initial discharge control coefficient. g This represents the initial charging control coefficient.

3. The frequency regulation and control method for a hybrid supercapacitor energy storage combined with a thermal power unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, When adjusting the virtual inertia coefficient of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system according to the frequency change rate to perform virtual inertia control, the adjustment method of the virtual inertia coefficient is as follows: Among them, M E M is the adjusted virtual inertia coefficient. E0 M is the virtual inertia constant coefficient. q dΔf / dt is the initial virtual inertia control coefficient, and dΔf / dt is the rate of change of frequency.

4. The frequency regulation and control method for a hybrid supercapacitor energy storage combined with a thermal power unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: If the frequency deviation does not exceed the dead zone, the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system will not start.

5. The frequency regulation and control method for a hybrid supercapacitor energy storage combined with a thermal power unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: If the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is not within the first preset range, then it is determined whether the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is within the second preset range. The second preset range is the range constructed by the lower limit of the state of charge and the smaller boundary value in the first preset range, or the second preset range is the range constructed by the larger boundary value in the first preset range and the upper limit of the state of charge. If the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is within a second preset range, the discharge control coefficient or charging control coefficient of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is adjusted according to the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system to perform droop control.

6. The frequency regulation and control method for a hybrid supercapacitor energy storage combined with a thermal power unit according to claim 4, characterized in that, When adjusting the discharge control coefficient or charge control coefficient of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system according to the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system to perform droop control, the adjustment method of the discharge control coefficient is as follows: The adjustment method for the charging control coefficient is as follows: Among them, K Ed K is the adjusted discharge control coefficient. Ec K is the adjusted charging control coefficient. E_base Based on the droop factor value, SOC is the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system. min The State of Charge (SOC) is the limit value under the state of charge. max is the upper limit of the state of charge, and n is used to measure the rate of change of the curve.

7. The frequency regulation and control method for a hybrid supercapacitor energy storage combined with a thermal power unit according to claim 4, characterized in that, Also includes: If the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is not within the second preset range, the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system will not start.

8. A frequency regulation and control device for a hybrid supercapacitor energy storage combined with a thermal power unit, characterized in that, include: The calculation module is used to acquire the current frequency of the power grid and the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system, and to calculate the frequency deviation and frequency change rate based on the current frequency of the power grid. The first judgment module is used to determine whether the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is within a first preset range; The second judgment module is used to determine whether the frequency deviation exceeds the dead zone when the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is within a first preset range. The first adjustment module is used to adjust the discharge control coefficient or charging control coefficient of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system according to the frequency deviation to perform droop control when the frequency deviation crosses the dead zone, and at the same time adjust the virtual inertia coefficient of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system according to the frequency change rate to perform virtual inertia control.

9. The frequency regulation and control device for a hybrid supercapacitor energy storage combined with a thermal power unit according to claim 8, characterized in that, The method for adjusting the discharge control coefficient in the first adjustment module is as follows: K Ed =K E_base +Δf·K e The method for adjusting the charging control coefficient is as follows: K Ec =K E_base +Δf·K g Among them, K Ed K is the adjusted discharge control coefficient. Ec K is the adjusted charging control coefficient. E_base The base droop coefficient value, Δf is the frequency deviation, and K e K is the initial discharge control coefficient. g This represents the initial charging control coefficient.

10. The frequency regulation and control device for a hybrid supercapacitor energy storage combined with a thermal power unit according to claim 8, characterized in that, The method for adjusting the virtual inertia coefficient in the first adjustment module is as follows: Among them, M E M is the adjusted virtual inertia coefficient. E0 M is the virtual inertia constant coefficient. q dΔf / dt is the initial virtual inertia control coefficient, and dΔf / dt is the rate of change of frequency.

11. The frequency regulation and control device for a hybrid supercapacitor energy storage combined with a thermal power unit according to claim 8, characterized in that, Also includes: The first control module is used to control the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system not to start when the frequency deviation has not crossed the dead zone.

12. The frequency regulation and control device for a hybrid supercapacitor energy storage combined with a thermal power unit according to claim 8, characterized in that, Also includes: The third judgment module is used to determine whether the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is within a second preset range when the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is not within a first preset range. The second preset range is the range constructed by the lower limit of the state of charge and the smaller boundary value in the first preset range, or the second preset range is the range constructed by the larger boundary value in the first preset range and the upper limit of the state of charge. The second adjustment module is used to adjust the discharge control coefficient or charge control coefficient of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system according to the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system when the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is within a second preset range, so as to perform droop control.

13. The frequency regulation and control device for a hybrid supercapacitor energy storage combined with a thermal power unit according to claim 12, characterized in that, The method for adjusting the discharge control coefficient in the second adjustment module is as follows: The method for adjusting the charging control coefficient is as follows: Among them, K Ed K is the adjusted discharge control coefficient. Ec K is the adjusted charging control coefficient. E_base Based on the droop factor value, SOC is the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system. min The State of Charge (SOC) is the limit value under the state of charge. max is the upper limit of the state of charge, and n is used to measure the rate of change of the curve.

14. The frequency regulation and control device for a hybrid supercapacitor energy storage combined with a thermal power unit according to claim 12, characterized in that, Also includes: The second control module is used to control the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system not to start when the state of charge of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is not within a second preset range.

15. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the frequency regulation control method for the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage combined with thermal power unit as described in any one of claims 1-7.

16. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the frequency regulation control method for the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage combined with thermal power unit as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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