Hybrid switched mode power converter

Abstract

A hybrid switched-mode power converter is used to perform power conversion between a first power source, a second power source, and a third power source. The hybrid switched-mode power converter includes a switched-inductor conversion circuit and a switched-capacitor conversion circuit. The switched-inductor conversion circuit is used to perform power conversion between the first power source and the second power source. The switched-capacitor conversion circuit is used to perform power conversion between the second power source and the third power source. The switched-inductor conversion circuit includes a plurality of inductor switches. The inductor switches include a first switch and a second switch. The switched-capacitor conversion circuit includes a plurality of capacitor switches. The capacitor switches include the first switch and the second switch.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a converter, and in particular to a hybrid switching power converter. BACKGROUND

[0002] Unlike the maximum output voltage defined by the past USB PD (Universal Serial Bus Power Delivery) specification, the latest USB PD 3.1 specification defines a maximum output voltage of 48 volts (V), making it have a wider range of output voltages to charge various types of portable electronic products (such as mobile phones, tablets, notebook computers, etc.). Among various types of portable electronic products, the battery pack is composed of multiple batteries in series (such as 1 to 4 batteries), so that the voltage of the battery pack is between a range (such as 0 volts to 18 volts). However, the past power converter is mostly designed based on the past USB PD specification, so that the past power converter cannot convert the power supply with a larger voltage value (such as 48 volts). Therefore, if the specification of USB PD 3.1 is directly applied to the past power converter, the advantages of the USB PD 3.1 specification cannot be highlighted, and the problem of insufficient voltage resistance of components in the power converter will be burned out. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application provides a hybrid switching power converter for converting power between a first power source, a second power source and a third power source, comprising: a switching inductive conversion circuit including a plurality of inductive switches and an inductor, the inductive switches including a first switch and a second switch, the switching inductive conversion circuit being configured to switch a coupling relationship between the inductor and the first power source and the second power source to convert power between the first power source and the second power source; and a switching capacitive conversion circuit including a plurality of capacitive switches and a conversion capacitor, the capacitive switches including the first switch and the second switch, the switching capacitive conversion circuit being configured to switch a coupling relationship between the conversion capacitor and the second power source and the third power source to convert power between the second power source and the third power source; wherein, when a voltage of the third power source is greater than a product of a voltage of the first power source and a preset multiplication factor, the switching inductive conversion circuit operates in a first inductive conversion mode according to a first duty cycle to convert power between the first power source and the second power source, the switching capacitive conversion circuit operates in a capacitive conversion mode according to the first duty cycle to convert power between the second power source and the third power source, wherein the voltage of the second power source is greater than the voltage of the first power source, the voltage of the third power source is a product of the voltage of the second power source and the preset multiplication factor, and the preset multiplication factor is greater than 1; wherein, when the switching inductive conversion circuit operates in the first inductive conversion mode, the switching inductive conversion circuit controls a first end of the inductor to be switched to be periodically turned on to the second power source or a ground potential according to the first duty cycle, and controls a second end of the inductor to be in a constant on state with the first power source; when the switching capacitive conversion circuit operates in the capacitive conversion mode, the switching capacitive conversion circuit controls a third end of the conversion capacitor to be switched to be periodically turned on to the third power source or the second power source according to the first duty cycle, and controls a fourth end of the conversion capacitor to be switched to be periodically turned on to the second power source or the ground potential.

[0004] In some embodiments, the above hybrid switching power converter, wherein the preset multiplication factor is 2.

[0005] In some embodiments, when the voltage of the third power source is less than the voltage of the first power source, the switching inductive conversion circuit operates in a second inductive conversion mode according to a second duty cycle to perform power conversion between the first power source and the second power source, and the switching capacitive conversion circuit operates in a bypass mode, wherein the voltage of the second power source is less than the voltage of the first power source; when the voltage of the third power source is greater than the voltage of the first power source and less than the product of the voltage of the first power source and the preset multiplication factor, the switching inductive conversion circuit operates in the first inductive conversion mode according to a third duty cycle to perform power conversion between the first power source and the second power source, and the switching capacitive conversion circuit operates in an adaptive mode according to the third duty cycle; wherein, when the switching inductive conversion circuit operates in the second inductive conversion mode, the switching inductive conversion circuit controls the first end of the inductor to be in a constant on state with the second power source, and controls the second end of the inductor to be switched to be periodically on to the first power source or the ground potential according to the second duty cycle; when the switching capacitive conversion circuit operates in the bypass mode, the switching capacitive conversion circuit controls the second power source to be in a constant on state with the third power source; when the switching capacitive conversion circuit operates in the adaptive mode, the switching capacitive conversion circuit controls the fourth end of the conversion capacitor to be switched to be periodically on to the second power source or the ground potential according to the third duty cycle, so that the voltage across the conversion capacitor is maintained at a fixed value, wherein when the fourth end of the conversion capacitor is on to the second power source, the switching capacitive conversion circuit controls the second power source to be on with the third power source; when the fourth end of the conversion capacitor is on to the ground potential, the switching capacitive conversion circuit controls the second power source to be open with the third power source.

[0006] In some embodiments, the fixed value is 0 volts.

[0007] In some embodiments, the inductive switches further include a third switch and a fourth switch, wherein the first switch and the second switch are connected in series between the second power source and the ground potential, and are commonly coupled to the first end of the inductor and the fourth end of the conversion capacitor, the third switch and the fourth switch are connected in series between the ground potential and the first power source, and are commonly coupled to the second end of the inductor; the capacitive switches further include a fifth switch and a sixth switch, wherein the fifth switch and the sixth switch are connected in series between the second power source and the third power source, and are commonly coupled to the third end of the conversion capacitor, the fifth switch and the first switch are connected in series between the third end and the fourth end of the conversion capacitor, and are commonly coupled to the second power source; the first power source is coupled to the fourth switch, the second power source is coupled between the first switch and the fifth switch, and the third power source is coupled to the sixth switch.

[0008] In some embodiments, when the switching-capacitor conversion circuit operates in the first inductive conversion mode, the first switch and the second switch are periodically switched in a conductive state according to the first duty cycle, the third switch is constantly in a non-conductive state, and the fourth switch is constantly in a conductive state.

[0009] In some embodiments, when the switching-capacitor conversion circuit operates in the second inductive conversion mode, the first switch is constantly in a conductive state, the second switch is constantly in a non-conductive state, and the third switch and the fourth switch are periodically switched in a conductive state according to the second duty cycle.

[0010] In some embodiments, when the switching-capacitor conversion circuit operates in the capacitive conversion mode, the first switch, the second switch, the fifth switch, and the sixth switch are periodically switched in a conductive state according to the first duty cycle in a manner that the first switch and the sixth switch are switched in phase and the second switch and the fifth switch are switched in phase.

[0011] In some embodiments, when the switching-capacitor conversion circuit operates in the bypass mode, the first switch, the fifth switch, and the sixth switch are constantly in a conductive state, and the second switch is constantly in a non-conductive state.

[0012] In some embodiments, when the switching-capacitor conversion circuit operates in the adaptive mode, the first switch and the second switch are periodically switched in a conductive state according to the second duty cycle, and the fifth switch and the sixth switch are switched in phase with the first switch.

[0013] In some embodiments, when the absolute value of the voltage difference between the third power supply and the first power supply is less than a preset voltage difference, the switching inductive conversion circuit operates in a third inductive conversion mode according to a fourth duty cycle to perform power conversion between the first power supply and the second power supply, and the switching capacitive conversion circuit operates in the adaptive mode, wherein the voltage of the second power supply is equal to the voltage of the third power supply; when the switching inductive conversion circuit operates in the third inductive conversion mode, the switching inductive conversion circuit controls the first end and the second end of the inductor to switch according to the fourth duty cycle, so that the inductor is periodically turned on between the second power supply and the ground potential or turned on between the first power supply and the ground potential; when the switching capacitive conversion circuit operates in the adaptive mode, the switching capacitive conversion circuit controls the fourth end of the conversion capacitor to switch according to the fourth duty cycle to be periodically turned on to the second power supply or the ground potential, so that the voltage across the conversion capacitor is maintained at a fixed value, wherein when the fourth end of the conversion capacitor is turned on to the second power supply, the switching capacitive conversion circuit controls the second power supply and the third power supply to be turned on; when the fourth end of the conversion capacitor is turned on to the ground potential, the switching capacitive conversion circuit controls the second power supply and the third power supply to be open.

[0014] The present application provides a hybrid switching power converter suitable for USB PD 3.1 specification, which can not only realize high efficiency and wide voltage range power conversion, but also has the advantages of low cost, small size and low overall power loss.

[0015] The following will be described in detail through specific embodiments, so as to more easily understand the purpose, technical content, characteristics and effects realized by the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a block diagram of a hybrid switching power converter in an embodiment of the present application.

[0017] Figure 2 is a circuit diagram of a hybrid switching power converter in an embodiment of the present application.

[0018] Figure 3A is a current path diagram (I) in a hybrid switching power converter when the voltage of the third power supply is greater than the product of the voltage of the first power supply and a preset multiplication factor in an embodiment of the present application.

[0019] Figure 3B is a current path diagram (II) in a hybrid switching power converter when the voltage of the third power supply is greater than the product of the voltage of the first power supply and a preset multiplication factor in an embodiment of the present application.

[0020] Figure 4 is a voltage waveform diagram of the hybrid switching power converter when the voltage of the third power supply is greater than the product of the voltage of the first power supply and a preset multiplication factor.

[0021] Figure 5A is a current path diagram (one) in the hybrid switching power converter when the voltage of the third power supply is less than the voltage of the first power supply.

[0022] Figure 5B is a current path diagram (two) in the hybrid switching power converter when the voltage of the third power supply is less than the voltage of the first power supply.

[0023] Figure 6 is a voltage waveform diagram of the hybrid switching power converter when the voltage of the third power supply is less than the voltage of the first power supply.

[0024] Figure 7A is a current path diagram (one) in the hybrid switching power converter when the voltage of the third power supply is greater than the voltage of the first power supply and less than the product of the voltage of the first power supply and a preset multiplication factor.

[0025] Figure 7B is a current path diagram (two) in the hybrid switching power converter when the voltage of the third power supply is greater than the voltage of the first power supply and less than the product of the voltage of the first power supply and a preset multiplication factor.

[0026] Figure 8 is a voltage waveform diagram of the hybrid switching power converter when the voltage of the third power supply is greater than the voltage of the first power supply and less than the product of the voltage of the first power supply and a preset multiplication factor.

[0027] Figure 9A is a current path diagram (three) in the hybrid switching power converter when the voltage of the third power supply is greater than the product of the voltage of the first power supply and a preset multiplication factor.

[0028] Figure 9B is a current path diagram (four) in the hybrid switching power converter when the voltage of the third power supply is greater than the product of the voltage of the first power supply and a preset multiplication factor.

[0029] Figure 10A is a current path diagram (one) in the hybrid switching power converter when the absolute value of the difference between the voltage of the third power supply and the voltage of the first power supply is less than a preset voltage difference.

[0030] Figure 10Bis an embodiment of the present application, when the absolute value of the difference between the voltage of the third power supply and the voltage of the first power supply is less than a preset voltage difference, the current path graph (two) in the hybrid switching power converter.

[0031] Explanation of symbols in the figures

[0032] 100: hybrid switching power converter

[0033] 110: switching inductive conversion circuit

[0034] 120: switching capacitive conversion circuit

[0035] CFLY: conversion capacitor

[0036] CV1: first capacitor

[0037] CV2: second capacitor

[0038] CV3: third capacitor

[0039] GA: first control signal

[0040] GB: second control signal

[0041] GC: third control signal

[0042] GD: fourth control signal

[0043] GE: fifth control signal

[0044] GF: sixth control signal

[0045] I1-I10, I1', I2', I3', I8', I9': current

[0046] L: inductor

[0047] LX1: first switching node

[0048] LX2: second switching node

[0049] QA: first switch

[0050] QB: second switch

[0051] QC: third switch

[0052] QD: fourth switch

[0053] QE: fifth switch

[0054] QF: sixth switch

[0055] t1: first time point

[0056] t2: second time point

[0057] t3: third time point

[0058] t4: fourth time point

[0059] t5: fifth time point

[0060] t6: sixth time point

[0061] t7: seventh time point

[0062] t8: eighth time point

[0063] t9: ninth time point

[0064] T1: first time period

[0065] T2: second time period

[0066] T3: third time period

[0067] T4: fourth time period

[0068] T5: fifth time period

[0069] T6: sixth time period

[0070] V1: first power source

[0071] V2: second power source

[0072] V3: third power source DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0073] The drawings in the present disclosure are all schematic, mainly aiming to represent the coupling relationship between circuits and the relationship between signal waveforms, and the circuits, signal waveforms and frequencies are not drawn according to the scale.

[0074] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 is a block schematic diagram of a hybrid switching power converter 100 in an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 1As shown, the hybrid switching power converter 100 comprises a switching inductive conversion circuit 110, a switching capacitive conversion circuit 120 and a control circuit 130. The control circuit 130 is used to generate first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth control signals GA, GB, GC, GD, GE and GF according to the first, second and third power sources VI, V2 and V3, and determine the duty cycles of the control signals, and then control the inductive switches in the switching inductive conversion circuit 110 and the capacitive switches in the switching capacitive conversion circuit 120 to perform power conversion between the first, second and third power sources VI, V2 and V3. The following embodiments will describe the operations of various modes of the hybrid switching power converter 100 in detail, and the details of each mode will be easily understood, and the control circuit 130 will be omitted.

[0075] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 In an embodiment of the present application, a circuit schematic diagram of the hybrid switching power converter 100 is shown, wherein the hybrid switching power converter 100 is used to perform power conversion between the first, second and third power sources VI, V2 and V3. As shown, Figure 2 The hybrid switching power converter 100 comprises a switching inductive conversion circuit 110 and a switching capacitive conversion circuit 120, wherein the switching inductive conversion circuit 110 is used to switch the coupling relationship between the inductor L and the first and second power sources VI and V2 to perform power conversion between the first and second power sources VI and V2; the switching capacitive conversion circuit 120 is used to switch the coupling relationship between the conversion capacitor CFLY and the second and third power sources V2 and V3 to perform power conversion between the second and third power sources V2 and V3. The structures and functions of the switching inductive conversion circuit 110 and the switching capacitive conversion circuit 120 will be described in detail below, and the arrangement between them will be described.

[0076] As shown, Figure 2As shown, the inductive switching conversion circuit 110 includes a plurality of inductive switches and an inductor L, and the capacitive switching conversion circuit 120 includes a plurality of capacitive switches and a conversion capacitor CFLY. In some embodiments, the inductive switches include a first switch QA controlled by a first control signal GA, a second switch QB controlled by a second control signal GB, a third switch QC controlled by a third control signal GC, and a fourth switch QD controlled by a fourth control signal GD. The capacitive switches include the first switch QA controlled by the first control signal GA, the second switch QB controlled by the second control signal GB, a fifth switch QE controlled by a fifth control signal GE, and a sixth switch QF controlled by a sixth control signal GF. The inductor L has a first end corresponding to a first switching node LX1, and the inductor L has a second end corresponding to a second switching node LX2. The conversion capacitor CFLY has a third end coupled between the fifth switch QE and the sixth switch QF, and the conversion capacitor CFLY has a fourth end corresponding to the first switching node LX1.

[0077] In some embodiments, the first switch QA and the second switch QB are coupled in series between the second power supply V2 and a ground potential, and are coupled together to the first end of the inductor L (corresponding to the first switching node LX1) and the fourth end of the conversion capacitor CFLY (corresponding to the first switching node LX1). The third switch QC and the fourth switch QD are coupled in series between the ground potential and the first power supply VI, and are coupled together to the second end of the inductor L (corresponding to the second switching node LX2). In some embodiments, the fifth switch QE and the sixth switch QF are coupled in series between the second power supply V2 and a third power supply V3, and are coupled together to the third end of the conversion capacitor CFLY. The fifth switch QE and the first switch QA are coupled in series between the third end and the fourth end of the conversion capacitor CFLY (corresponding to the first switching node LX1), and are coupled together to the second power supply V2. In some embodiments, the first power supply VI and a first capacitor CV1 are coupled to the fourth switch QD, the second power supply V2 and a second capacitor CV2 are coupled between the first switch QA and the fifth switch QE, and a third power supply V3 and a third capacitor CV3 are coupled to the sixth switch QF, wherein the first capacitor CV1, the second capacitor CV2, and the third capacitor CV3 are used to store energy.

[0078] Please refer to Table 1, which is a combination table of operation modes of the switched inductive conversion circuit 110 and the switched capacitive conversion circuit 120 under different power conversion conditions in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Table 1, in some embodiments, the hybrid switched power converter 100 has four power conversion conditions, in which when the voltage of the third power source V3 is greater than the product of the voltage of the first power source VI and a preset multiplication factor (denoted as c in Table 1), the switched inductive conversion circuit 110 operates in the first inductive conversion mode and the switched capacitive conversion circuit 120 operates in the capacitive conversion mode; when the voltage of the third power source V3 is less than the voltage of the first power source VI, the switched inductive conversion circuit 110 operates in the second inductive conversion mode and the switched capacitive conversion circuit 120 operates in the bypass mode; when the voltage of the third power source V3 is greater than the voltage of the first power source VI and less than the product of the voltage of the first power source VI and the preset multiplication factor c, the switched inductive conversion circuit 110 operates in the first inductive conversion mode and the switched capacitive conversion circuit 120 operates in the adaptive mode; when the absolute value of the difference between the voltage of the third power source V3 and the voltage of the first power source VI is less than a preset voltage difference (denoted as Vth in Table 1), the switched inductive conversion circuit 110 operates in the third inductive conversion mode. The preset voltage difference Vth can be set by a user, and in a preferred embodiment, the preset voltage difference Vth is less than one-fifth, one-tenth or one-twentieth of the voltage of the third power source V3. The operation modes and operation methods of the switched inductive conversion circuit 110 and the switched capacitive conversion circuit 120 will be explained in detail below.

[0079] [Table 1]

[0080]

[0081] In some embodiments, when the voltage of the third power source V3 is greater than the product of the voltage of the first power source VI and the preset multiplication factor c, the switched inductive conversion circuit 110 operates in the first inductive conversion mode according to a first duty ratio to perform power conversion between the first power source VI and the second power source V2, and the switched capacitive conversion circuit 120 operates in the capacitive conversion mode according to the first duty ratio to perform power conversion between the second power source V2 and the third power source V3, wherein the voltage of the second power source V2 is greater than the voltage of the first power source VI, the voltage of the third power source V3 is the product of the voltage of the second power source V2 and the preset multiplication factor c, and the preset multiplication factor c is greater than 1. In an embodiment, the preset multiplication factor c is, for example, 2.

[0082] In some embodiments, when the voltage of the third power source V3 is less than the voltage of the first power source VI, the switching inductive conversion circuit 110 operates in the second inductive conversion mode according to the second duty ratio to perform power conversion between the first power source VI and the second power source V2, and the switching capacitive conversion circuit 120 operates in the bypass mode, wherein the voltage of the second power source V2 is less than the voltage of the first power source VI.

[0083] When the voltage of the third power source V3 is greater than the voltage of the first power source VI and less than the product of the voltage of the first power source VI and the preset multiplication factor c, the switching inductive conversion circuit 110 operates in the first inductive conversion mode according to the third duty ratio to perform power conversion between the first power source VI and the second power source V2, and the switching capacitive conversion circuit 120 operates in the adaptive mode according to the third duty ratio.

[0084] When the switching inductive conversion circuit 110 operates in the second inductive conversion mode, the switching inductive conversion circuit 110 controls the first end of the inductor L to be constantly on between the second power source and the ground, and controls the second end of the inductor L to be periodically on between the first power source VI or the ground according to the second duty ratio.

[0085] When the switching capacitive conversion circuit 120 operates in the bypass mode, the switching capacitive conversion circuit 120 controls the second power source V2 and the third power source V3 to be constantly on.

[0086] When the switching capacitive conversion circuit 120 operates in the adaptive mode, the switching capacitive conversion circuit 120 controls the fourth end of the conversion capacitor CFLY to be periodically on between the second power source V2 or the ground according to the third duty ratio, so that the cross voltage of the conversion capacitor CFLY is maintained at a fixed value, wherein when the fourth end of the conversion capacitor CFLY is on the second power source V2, the switching capacitive conversion circuit 120 controls the second power source V2 and the third power source V3 to be on; when the fourth end of the conversion capacitor CFLY is on the ground, the switching capacitive conversion circuit 120 controls the second power source V2 and the third power source V3 to be open.

[0087] When the absolute value of the difference between the voltage of the third power source V3 and the voltage of the first power source VI is less than the preset voltage difference Vth, the switching inductive conversion circuit 110 operates in the third inductive conversion mode according to the fourth duty ratio to perform power conversion between the first power source VI and the second power source V2, and the switching capacitive conversion circuit 120 operates in the adaptive mode, wherein the voltage of the second power source V2 is equal to the voltage of the third power source V3.

[0088] When the switching inductive conversion circuit 110 operates in the third inductive conversion mode, the switching inductive conversion circuit 110 controls the first end of the inductor L to switch according to the fourth duty ratio, so that the inductor L is periodically conducted between the second power supply V2 and the ground potential or between the first power supply V1 and the ground potential.

[0089] When the switching inductive conversion circuit 110 operates in the third inductive conversion mode and the switching capacitive conversion circuit 120 operates in the adaptive mode, the switching capacitive conversion circuit 120 controls the fourth end of the conversion capacitor CFLY to switch according to the fourth duty ratio, so that the conversion capacitor CFLY is periodically conducted to the second power supply V2 or the ground potential, so that the voltage across the conversion capacitor CFLY is maintained at a fixed value. When the fourth end of the conversion capacitor CFLY is conducted to the second power supply V2, the switching capacitive conversion circuit 120 controls the conduction between the second power supply V2 and the third power supply V3; when the fourth end of the conversion capacitor CFLY is conducted to the ground potential, the switching capacitive conversion circuit 120 controls the open circuit between the second power supply V2 and the third power supply V3.

[0090] Please refer to Figure 3A and Figure 3B , Figure 3A and Figure 3B In an embodiment of the present application, when the voltage of the third power supply V3 is greater than the product of the voltage of the first power supply V1 and the preset multiplication factor c, and the current path diagram of the conversion from the third power supply V3 to the first power supply V1 and the second power supply V2 is taken as an example, wherein Figure 3A and Figure 3B The current path diagrams of the two programs in one cycle in the hybrid switching power supply converter 100 are shown. In this embodiment, the switching inductive conversion circuit 110 operates in the first inductive conversion mode, and the switching inductive conversion circuit 110 controls the first end of the inductor L (corresponding to the first switching node LX1) to switch according to the first duty ratio, so that the inductor L is periodically conducted to the second power supply V2 or the ground potential, that is, in one cycle, the first switch QA and the second switch QB are alternately conducted according to the first duty ratio; and the second end of the inductor L (corresponding to the second switching node LX2) is controlled to be in a constant conduction state with the first power supply V1.

[0091] As Figure 3A and Figure 3BAs shown, the switching inductive conversion circuit 110 controls the first switch QA and the second switch QB to each periodically switch between the conductive state and the non-conductive state according to the first duty cycle, and when the first switch QA is switched to the conductive state, the second switch QB is switched to the non-conductive state, and when the second switch QB is switched to the conductive state, the first switch QA is switched to the non-conductive state, so that the first end of the inductor L is periodically switched to be conductive to the second power supply V2 or the ground potential. In addition, the switching inductive conversion circuit 110 controls the third switch QC to be always in the non-conductive state and the fourth switch QD to be always in the conductive state, so that the second end of the inductor L is always conductive to the first power supply V1.

[0092] In the present embodiment, the switching capacitive conversion circuit 120 operates in the capacitive conversion mode, and the switching capacitive conversion circuit 120 controls the third end of the conversion capacitor CFLY to be periodically conductive to the third power supply V3 or the second power supply V2 and controls the fourth end of the conversion capacitor CFLY to be periodically conductive to the second power supply V2 or the ground potential according to the first duty cycle. As shown, Figure 3A and Figure 3B As shown, the switching capacitive conversion circuit 120 controls the fifth switch QE and the sixth switch QF to each periodically switch between the conductive state and the non-conductive state according to the first duty cycle, and when the fifth switch QE is switched to the conductive state, the sixth switch QF is switched to the non-conductive state, and when the sixth switch QF is switched to the conductive state, the fifth switch QE is switched to the non-conductive state, so that the third end of the conversion capacitor CFLY is periodically switched to be conductive to the third power supply V3 or the second power supply V2.

[0093] In addition, since the switching inductive conversion circuit 110 (which can also be regarded as the switching capacitive conversion circuit 120 because the first switch QA and the second switch QB are shared by the switching inductive conversion circuit 110 and the switching capacitive conversion circuit 120) simultaneously controls the first switch QA and the second switch QB to each periodically switch between the conductive state and the non-conductive state according to the first duty cycle, so that the fourth end of the conversion capacitor CFLY is periodically switched to be conductive to the second power supply V2 or the ground potential. Among them, the first switch QA and the sixth switch QF operate in phase, and the second switch QB and the fifth switch QE operate in phase.

[0094] In this embodiment, the switched inductive conversion circuit 110 operates in the first inductive conversion mode, and the switched capacitive conversion circuit 120 operates in the capacitive conversion mode, so as to convert the third power source V3 into the first power source V1 and the second power source V2. Of course, the first power source V1, the second power source V2 and the third power source V3 can be converted into each other, for example, when the switched inductive conversion circuit 110 operates in the first inductive conversion mode, and the switched capacitive conversion circuit 120 operates in the capacitive conversion mode, the first power source V1 can also be converted into the second power source V2 and the third power source V3, or the second power source V2 can be converted into the first power source V1 and the third power source V3, and so on.

[0095] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 is the voltage waveform diagram of the hybrid switched power converter 100 in an embodiment of the present application, wherein the voltage of the first power source V1 is 8 volts (V), the voltage of the second power source V2 is 24 volts, the voltage of the third power source V3 is 48 volts, and the preset multiplication factor is 2. As shown in Figure 4 , the first time point t1, the second time point t2 and the third time point t3 are the time points when the hybrid switched power converter 100 switches the switches, wherein the first time point t1 and the second time point t2 are the first time period T1, and the second time point t2 and the third time point t3 are the second time period T2, and the first duty cycle is related to the time length of the first time period T1 and the time length of the second time period T2, wherein the combination of the first time period T1 and the second time period T2 can be regarded as a complete period.

[0096] In some embodiments, at the first time point t1 and the third time point t3, the switched inductive conversion circuit 110 controls the first switch QA to switch to the conductive state and controls the second switch QB to switch to the non-conductive state, so that the first end of the inductor L is conducted to the second power source V2; the switched capacitive conversion circuit 120 controls the fifth switch QE to switch to the non-conductive state and controls the sixth switch QF to switch to the conductive state, so that the third end of the conversion capacitor CFLY is conducted to the third power source V3. In this embodiment (or in the first time period T1), the current path in the hybrid switched power converter 100 is shown as the current I1 and the current I1' in Figure 3A , at this time, the first power source V1 and the second power source V2 are output power sources and the third power source V3 is an input power source, wherein the third power source V3 charges the inductor L and the conversion capacitor CFLY and simultaneously supplies power to the first power source V1 and the second power source V2.

[0097] In some embodiments, at the second time point t2, the switching inductive conversion circuit 110 controls the first switch QA to switch to a non-conducting state and controls the second switch QB to switch to a conducting state, so that the first terminal of the inductor L is grounded; the switching capacitor conversion circuit 120 controls the fifth switch QE to switch to a conducting state and controls the sixth switch QF to switch to a non-conducting state, so that the third terminal of the switching capacitor CFLY is connected to the second power supply V2. In this embodiment (or in the second time period T2), the current path in the hybrid switching power converter 100 is as follows: Figure 3B As shown in the currents I2 and I3, at this time, the first power supply V1 and the second power supply V2 are the output power supply and the third power supply V3 is the input power supply. The inductor L discharges to supply power to the first power supply V1, and the switching capacitor CFLY discharges to supply power to the second power supply V2.

[0098] Please refer to the following at the same time Figure 5A and Figure 5B , Figure 5A and Figure 5B In one embodiment of the present invention, when the voltage of the third power supply V3 is less than the voltage of the first power supply V1, and taking the conversion of the third power supply V3 to the first power supply V1 as an example, the current path diagram is shown. Figure 5A and Figure 5B The current path diagram of the two programs in one cycle of the hybrid switching power converter 100 is shown. In this embodiment, when the switching inductor conversion circuit 110 operates in the second inductor conversion mode, the switching inductor conversion circuit 110 controls the first terminal of the inductor L to be in a constant conducting state with the second power supply V2, and controls the other terminal of the inductor L to periodically conduct to the first power supply V1 or the ground potential according to the second duty cycle. Figure 5A and Figure 5B As shown, the switching inductor conversion circuit 110 controls the first switch QA to be constantly on and the second switch QB to be constantly off, so that the first terminal of the inductor L is constantly connected to the second power supply V2. Furthermore, the switching inductor conversion circuit 110 controls the third switch QC and the fourth switch QD to be turned on alternately according to the second duty cycle, so as to periodically switch the second terminal of the inductor L to the first power supply V1 or the ground potential, so that the second terminal of the inductor L is periodically switched to conduct to the first power supply V1 or the ground potential.

[0099] In this embodiment, the switching-capacitor converter 120 operates in the bypass mode, the switching-capacitor converter 120 controls the fifth switch QE and the sixth switch QF to be always on, so that the second power source V2 and the third power source V3 are always on, and the voltage of the second power source V2 is equal to the voltage of the third power source V3. In addition, since the switching-inductor converter 110 controls the first switch QA to be always on and the second switch QB to be always off at the same time, the conversion capacitor CFLY is short-circuited and no effect is generated.

[0100] Please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6 is a voltage waveform diagram of the hybrid switching power converter 100 when the voltage of the third power source V3 is less than the voltage of the first power source VI, wherein the voltage of the first power source VI is 8 volts (V), the voltage of the second power source V2 is 5 volts, and the voltage of the third power source V3 is 5 volts. As shown in Figure 6 , the fourth time point t4, the fifth time point t5, and the sixth time point t6 are time points at which the hybrid switching power converter 100 switches the switches, wherein the third time period T3 is between the fourth time point t4 and the fifth time point t5, and the fourth time period T4 is between the fifth time point t5 and the sixth time point t6, and the second duty cycle is related to the length of the third time period T3 and the length of the fourth time period T4, wherein the combination of the third time period T3 and the fourth time period T4 can be regarded as a complete period.

[0101] In some embodiments, at the fourth time point t4 and the sixth time point t6, the switching-inductor converter 110 controls the third switch QC to be switched to the on state and controls the fourth switch QD to be switched to the off state, so that the second end of the inductor L is grounded. In this embodiment (or in the third time period T3), the current path in the hybrid switching power converter 100 is shown as the current I4 in Figure 5A , at this time, the first power source VI and the second power source V2 are output power sources and the third power source V3 is an input power source, wherein the third power source V3 charges the inductor L and simultaneously supplies power to the second power source V2.

[0102] In some embodiments, at the fifth time point t5, the switching-inductor converter 110 controls the third switch QC to be switched to the off state and controls the fourth switch QD to be switched to the on state, so that the second end of the inductor L is connected to the first power source VI. In this embodiment (or in the fourth time period T4), the current path in the hybrid switching power converter 100 is shown as the current I5 in Figure 5B , at this time, the first power source VI and the second power source V2 are output power sources and the third power source V3 is an input power source, wherein the third power source V3 charges the inductor L and simultaneously supplies power to the first power source VI and the second power source V2.

[0103] Please refer to Figure 7A and Figure 7B , Figure 7A and Figure 7B is an embodiment of the present application, when the voltage of the third power supply V3 is greater than the voltage of the first power supply V1 and less than the product of the voltage of the first power supply V1 and the preset multiplication factor c, and the current path diagram of the conversion from the third power supply V3 to the first power supply V1 and the second power supply V2 is taken as an example, wherein Figure 7A and Figure 7B show the current path diagram of the two procedures in one cycle in the hybrid switching power converter 100. In this embodiment, when the switching inductive conversion circuit 110 operates in the first inductive conversion mode, the switching inductive conversion circuit 110 periodically turns on the second power supply V2 or the ground potential according to the first end of the inductor L switching controlled by the third duty cycle; that is, in one cycle, the first switch QA and the second switch QB are alternately turned on according to the third duty cycle, and the second end of the inductor L and the first power supply V1 are controlled to be in a constant on state.

[0104] As shown in Figure 7A and Figure 7B , the switching inductive conversion circuit 110 controls the first switch QA and the second switch QB to be periodically switched between the on state and the off state according to the third duty cycle respectively, and when the first switch QA is switched to the on state, the second switch QB is switched to the off state, and when the second switch QB is switched to the on state, the first switch QA is switched to the off state, so that the first end of the inductor L is periodically turned on to the second power supply V2 or the ground potential. In addition, the switching inductive conversion circuit 110 controls the third switch QC to be in a constant off state and the fourth switch QD to be in a constant on state, so that the other end of the inductor L and the first power supply V1 are in a constant on state.

[0105] In this embodiment, when the switching capacitive conversion circuit 120 operates in the adaptive mode, the switching capacitive conversion circuit 120 controls the fourth end of the conversion capacitor CFLY to be periodically turned on to the second power supply V2 or the ground potential according to the third duty cycle, so that the voltage across the conversion capacitor CFLY is maintained at a fixed value, wherein when the third end of the conversion capacitor CFLY is turned on to the second power supply V2, the switching capacitive conversion circuit 120 controls the second power supply V2 and the third power supply V3 to be in a constant on state; when the fourth end of the conversion capacitor CFLY is turned on to the ground potential, the switching capacitive conversion circuit 120 controls the second power supply V2 and the third power supply V3 to be in an open state. In some embodiments, the fixed value is 0 volts.

[0106] Please refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8In one embodiment of the present invention, when the voltage of the third power supply V3 is greater than the voltage of the first power supply V1 and less than the product of the voltage of the first power supply V1 and the preset multiplier c, the voltage waveform of the hybrid switching power converter 100 is shown, wherein the voltage of the first power supply V1 is 8 volts, the voltage of the second power supply V2 is 12 volts, the voltage of the third power supply V3 is 12 volts, and the preset multiplier c is 2. Figure 8 As shown, time points 7, 8, and 9 are the switching points of the hybrid switching power converter 100. The period between time points 7 and 8 is the fifth time period T5, and the period between time points 8 and 9 is the sixth time period T6. The third duty cycle is related to the duration of the fifth time period T5 and the duration of the sixth time period T6. The combination of the fifth time period T5 and the sixth time period T6 can be regarded as a complete cycle.

[0107] In some embodiments, at the seventh time point t7 and the ninth time point t9, the switching inductive conversion circuit 110 controls the first switch QA to switch to the on state and controls the second switch QB to switch to the off state, so that the first terminal of the inductor L is connected to the second power supply V2; the switching capacitive conversion circuit 120 controls the fifth switch QE and the sixth switch QF to switch to the on state following the first switch QA (in-phase switching), so that the second power supply V2 and the third power supply V3 are connected. In this embodiment (or in the fifth time period T5), the current path in the hybrid switching power converter 100 is as follows: Figure 7A As shown in the current I6, at this time, the first power supply V1 and the second power supply V2 are the output power supply and the third power supply V3 is the input power supply. The third power supply V3 charges the inductor L and simultaneously supplies power to the first power supply V1 and the second power supply V2.

[0108] In some embodiments, at the second time point t2, the switching inductive converter 110 controls the first switch QA to switch to a non-conducting state and controls the second switch QB to switch to a conducting state, so that one end of the inductor L is grounded; the switching capacitive converter 120 controls the fifth switch QE and the sixth switch QF to switch to a non-conducting state following the first switch QA (in-phase switching), so that the second power supply V2 and the third power supply V3 are open-circuited. In this embodiment (or in the sixth time period T6), the current path in the hybrid switching power converter 100 is as follows: Figure 7B As shown in the current I7, at this time, the first power supply V1 and the second power supply V2 are the output power supplies and the third power supply V3 is the input power supply, wherein the inductor L discharges to supply power to the first power supply V1.

[0109] In some embodiments, the first power supply V1 and the second power supply V2 are input power supplies, and the third power supply V3 is an output power supply. Please also refer to... Figure 4 , Figure 9A andFigure 9B , Figure 9A and Figure 9B In one embodiment of the present invention, when the voltage of the third power supply V3 is greater than the product of the voltage of the first power supply V1 and the preset multiplier c, the current path diagram of the two programs in one cycle in the hybrid switching power converter 100 is shown. For example, as Figure 4 As shown, in the first time period T1, the current path in the hybrid switching power converter 100 is as follows: Figure 9A As shown by the currents I8 and I8', at this time, the first power supply V1 and the second power supply V2 are the input power supplies and the third power supply V3 is the output power supply. The first power supply V1 and the second power supply V2 supply power to the third power supply V3, and the inductor L and the switching capacitor CFLY discharge to supply power to the third power supply V3. In the second time period T2, the current path in the hybrid switching power converter 100 is as follows: Figure 9B As shown in the currents I2' and I3', at this time, the first power supply V1 and the second power supply V2 are the input power supply and the third power supply V3 is the output power supply. The first power supply V1 charges the inductor L and the second power supply V2 charges the switching capacitor CFLY.

[0110] Please refer to the following at the same time Figure 10A and Figure 10B , Figure 10A and Figure 10B In one embodiment of the present invention, when the absolute value of the voltage difference between the third power supply V3 and the first power supply V1 is less than a preset voltage difference Vth, and taking the current path diagram of the third power supply V3 converted into the first power supply V1 and the second power supply V2 as an example, wherein... Figure 10A and Figure 10B The current path diagram of the two programs in one cycle of the hybrid switching power converter 100 is shown. In this embodiment, the switching inductor conversion circuit 110 operates in the third inductor conversion mode to perform power conversion between the first power supply V1 and the second power supply V2. The switching inductor conversion circuit 110 controls the switching of the first and second terminals of the inductor L according to the fourth duty cycle, so that the inductor L is periodically turned on between the second power supply V2 and the ground potential or between the first power supply V1 and the ground potential. That is, in one cycle, the first switch QA and the third switch QC operate in phase, the second switch QB and the fourth switch QD operate in phase, and are turned on alternately according to the fourth duty cycle.

[0111] like Figure 10A and Figure 10BAs shown, the switching inductive conversion circuit 110 controls the first switch QA and the third switch QC to be synchronous, and controls the second switch QB and the fourth switch QD to be synchronous. The two groups of switches are periodically switched between the conducting state and the non-conducting state according to the fourth duty cycle, and when the first switch QA and the third switch QC are switched to the conducting state, the second switch QB and the fourth switch QD are switched to the non-conducting state, and when the second switch QB and the fourth switch QD are switched to the conducting state, the first switch QA and the third switch QC are switched to the non-conducting state, so that the inductor L is periodically conducted between the second power supply V2 and the ground potential or between the first power supply VI and the ground potential.

[0112] In the adaptive mode, the switching capacitive conversion circuit 120 controls the fourth end of the conversion capacitor CFLY to be periodically conducted to the second power supply V2 or the ground potential according to the fourth duty cycle, so that the voltage across the conversion capacitor CFLY is maintained at a fixed value. When the third end of the conversion capacitor CFLY is conducted to the second power supply V2, the switching capacitive conversion circuit 120 controls the conduction between the second power supply V2 and the third power supply V3; when the fourth end of the conversion capacitor CFLY is conducted to the ground potential, the switching capacitive conversion circuit 120 controls the open circuit between the second power supply V2 and the third power supply V3. In some embodiments, the fixed value is 0 volts.

[0113] In some embodiments, the above-mentioned switches (including the first switch QA, the second switch QB, the third switch QC, the fourth switch QD, the fifth switch QE, and the sixth switch Q6) are N-type metal-oxide-semiconductor transistors (NMOS) or P-type metal-oxide-semiconductor transistors (PMOS), wherein the control end of the above-mentioned switches corresponds to the gate of the N-type metal-oxide-semiconductor transistor or the gate of the P-type metal-oxide-semiconductor transistor, one output end of the above-mentioned switches corresponds to the drain of the N-type metal-oxide-semiconductor transistor or the source of the P-type metal-oxide-semiconductor transistor, and the other output end of the above-mentioned switches corresponds to the source of the N-type metal-oxide-semiconductor transistor or the drain of the P-type metal-oxide-semiconductor transistor.

[0114] In summary, when the USB PD 3.1 specification is applied to the hybrid switching power converter 100 of the present application, the present application can effectively perform power conversion with high efficiency and a wide voltage range. In addition, the hybrid switching power converter 100 of the present application can simultaneously supply power to two independent output power supplies in one power conversion, making the application of the present application more diverse. Furthermore, since the switching inductive conversion circuit 110 and the switching capacitive conversion circuit 120 of the present application share the first switch QA and the second switch QB, the present application reduces the number of components in the hybrid switching power converter 100, thereby making the present application have the advantages of smaller cost, size and overall power loss.

[0115] The above has described the present application with reference to preferred embodiments, but the above description is only to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present application, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application. The described embodiments are not limited to separate applications, but can be combined. For example, two or more embodiments can be combined, and some components in an embodiment can be used to replace corresponding components in another embodiment. In addition, those skilled in the art can think of various equivalent changes and various combinations under the same spirit of the present application. For example, the present application refers to "processing or operating or generating an output result according to a signal", which is not limited to the signal itself, but also includes, if necessary, voltage-current conversion, current-voltage conversion, and / or proportional conversion, etc., and then processing or operating to generate an output result according to the converted signal. As can be seen, those skilled in the art can think of various equivalent changes and various combinations under the same spirit of the present application, and the combinations are various, which are not listed one by one here. Therefore, the scope of the present application should cover all the above and other equivalent changes.

Claims

1. A hybrid switching power converter for switching power between a first power source, a second power source, and a third power source, characterized in that, Include: A switching inductor conversion circuit includes multiple inductor switches and an inductor. The inductor switches include a first switch and a second switch. The switching inductor conversion circuit is used to switch the coupling relationship between the inductor and the first power supply and the second power supply to perform power conversion between the first power supply and the second power supply. as well as A switching capacitor conversion circuit includes multiple capacitor switches and a switching capacitor. The capacitor switches include the first switch and the second switch. The switching capacitor conversion circuit is used to switch the coupling relationship between the switching capacitor and the second power supply and the third power supply to perform power conversion between the second power supply and the third power supply. Wherein, when the voltage of the third power supply is greater than the product of the voltage of the first power supply and a preset multiplier, the switching inductor conversion circuit operates in a first inductor conversion mode according to a first duty cycle to perform power conversion between the first power supply and the second power supply, and the switching capacitor conversion circuit operates in a capacitor conversion mode according to the first duty cycle to perform power conversion between the second power supply and the third power supply, wherein the voltage of the second power supply is greater than the voltage of the first power supply, and the voltage of the third power supply is the product of the voltage of the second power supply and the preset multiplier, wherein the preset multiplier is greater than 1; When the switching inductor conversion circuit operates in the first inductor conversion mode, the switching inductor conversion circuit controls the switching of a first terminal of the inductor according to the first duty cycle to periodically conduct to the second power supply or a ground potential, and controls the constant conduction state between a second terminal of the inductor and the first power supply. When the switching capacitor conversion circuit operates in the capacitor conversion mode, the switching capacitor conversion circuit controls the switching of a third terminal of the conversion capacitor to periodically conduct to the third power supply or the second power supply according to the first duty cycle, and controls the switching of a fourth terminal of the conversion capacitor to periodically conduct to the second power supply or the ground potential.

2. The hybrid switching power converter as described in claim 1, wherein, The preset multiplier is 2x.

3. The hybrid switching power converter as described in claim 1, wherein, When the voltage of the third power supply is less than the voltage of the first power supply, the switching inductor conversion circuit operates in a second inductor conversion mode according to a second duty cycle to perform power conversion between the first power supply and the second power supply, and the switching capacitor conversion circuit operates in a bypass mode, wherein the voltage of the second power supply is less than the voltage of the first power supply. When the voltage of the third power supply is greater than the voltage of the first power supply and less than the product of the voltage of the first power supply and the preset multiplier, the switching inductor conversion circuit operates in the first inductor conversion mode according to a third duty cycle to perform power conversion between the first power supply and the second power supply, and the switching capacitor conversion circuit operates in an adaptive mode according to the third duty cycle. When the switching inductor conversion circuit operates in the second inductor conversion mode, the switching inductor conversion circuit controls the first terminal of the inductor to be in a constant conduction state with the second power supply, and controls the second terminal of the inductor to switch according to the second duty cycle to periodically conduct to the first power supply or the ground potential. When the switching capacitor conversion circuit operates in the bypass mode, the switching capacitor conversion circuit controls the constant conduction state between the second power supply and the third power supply. When the switching capacitor conversion circuit operates in the adaptive mode, the switching capacitor conversion circuit controls the fourth terminal of the conversion capacitor to switch periodically to the second power supply or the ground potential according to the third duty cycle, so that the voltage across the conversion capacitor is maintained at a fixed value. When the fourth terminal of the conversion capacitor is connected to the second power supply, the switching capacitor conversion circuit controls the second power supply and the third power supply to be connected; when the fourth terminal of the conversion capacitor is connected to the ground potential, the switching capacitor conversion circuit controls the second power supply and the third power supply to be open.

4. The hybrid switching power converter as described in claim 3, wherein, The fixed value is 0 volts.

5. The hybrid switching power converter as described in claim 3, wherein, The inductive switches also include a third switch and a fourth switch, wherein the first switch and the second switch are connected in series between the second power supply and the ground potential, and are jointly coupled to the first terminal of the inductor and the fourth terminal of the switching capacitor; the third switch and the fourth switch are connected in series between the ground potential and the first power supply, and are jointly coupled to the second terminal of the inductor. The capacitor switches also include a fifth switch and a sixth switch, wherein the fifth switch and the sixth switch are connected in series between the second power supply and the third power supply, and are jointly coupled to the third terminal of the switching capacitor; the fifth switch and the first switch are connected in series between the third terminal and the fourth terminal of the switching capacitor, and are jointly coupled to the second power supply. The first power supply is coupled to the fourth switch, the second power supply is coupled between the first switch and the fifth switch, and the third power supply is coupled to the sixth switch.

6. The hybrid switching power converter as described in claim 5, wherein, When the switching capacitor conversion circuit operates in the first inductor conversion mode, the first switch and the second switch periodically switch to a conducting state according to the first duty cycle, the third switch is always in a non-conducting state, and the fourth switch is always in a conducting state.

7. The hybrid switching power converter as described in claim 5, wherein, When the switching capacitor conversion circuit operates in the second inductor conversion mode, the first switch is always on, the second switch is always off, and the third and fourth switches periodically switch to an on state according to the second duty cycle.

8. The hybrid switching power converter as described in claim 5, wherein, When the switching capacitor conversion circuit operates in the capacitor conversion mode, the first switch, the second switch, the fifth switch and the sixth switch periodically switch to a conducting state in turn according to the first duty cycle, with the first switch and the sixth switch switching in phase and the second switch and the fifth switch switching in phase.

9. The hybrid switching power converter as described in claim 5, wherein, When the switching capacitor conversion circuit operates in the bypass mode, the first switch, the fifth switch, and the sixth switch are always on, and the second switch is always off.

10. The hybrid switching power converter as described in claim 5, wherein, When the switching capacitor conversion circuit operates in the adaptive mode, the first switch and the second switch periodically switch to a conducting state according to the third duty cycle, and the fifth switch and the sixth switch switch in the same phase as the first switch.

11. The hybrid switching power converter as claimed in claim 1, wherein, When the absolute value of the difference between the voltage of the third power supply and the voltage of the first power supply is less than a preset voltage difference, the switching inductor conversion circuit operates in a third inductor conversion mode according to a fourth duty cycle to perform power conversion between the first power supply and the second power supply, and the switching capacitor conversion circuit operates in an adaptive mode, wherein the voltage of the second power supply is equal to the voltage of the third power supply. When the switching inductor conversion circuit operates in the third inductor conversion mode, the switching inductor conversion circuit controls the switching between the first terminal and the second terminal of the inductor according to the fourth duty cycle, so that the inductor is periodically connected between the second power supply and the ground potential or between the first power supply and the ground potential. When the switching capacitor conversion circuit operates in the adaptive mode, the switching capacitor conversion circuit controls the fourth terminal of the conversion capacitor to switch periodically to the second power supply or the ground potential according to the fourth duty cycle, so that the voltage across the conversion capacitor is maintained at a fixed value. When the fourth terminal of the conversion capacitor is connected to the second power supply, the switching capacitor conversion circuit controls the second power supply and the third power supply to be connected; when the fourth terminal of the conversion capacitor is connected to the ground potential, the switching capacitor conversion circuit controls the second power supply and the third power supply to be open.

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