A method and system for automatic load imbalance adjustment of dual-mode communication

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of dual-mode communication load imbalance automatic regulation method and system, belong to wireless communication network field, this dual-mode communication load imbalance automatic regulation method includes the following steps: the network performance index of real-time monitoring 5G cell and 4G cell, set first dynamic threshold to judge each cell load state, identify whether there is 5G cell load overload currently and adjacent 4G cell has available capacity;Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the application are: the application solves the resource allocation problem of 5G / 4G dual-mode communication through dynamic load balancing mechanism, when 5G communication load is too high, intelligently guide part of users to switch to 4G communication to balance load;At the same time, for specific 5G experience area, priority is given to guarantee the supply of 5G resources in the area, by limiting the 5G access density of surrounding non-core area, ensure that users in experience area obtain stable high-speed connection, meet the needs of 5G experience area business.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of wireless communication network, and particularly relates to a load imbalance automatic adjustment method and system for dual-mode communication. BACKGROUND

[0002] In a 4G / 5G dual-mode dense area (such as a shopping mall or a station), load imbalance (5G overload and 4G idling) is a common phenomenon, which is mainly caused by the preferential selection of 5G, the difference in coverage / capacity characteristics, and the centralized distribution of users. This imbalance directly damages user experience (5G becomes slower and more sluggish), wastes network resources (4G idling), reduces overall network efficiency and investment benefits, and needs to be improved. SUMMARY

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a load imbalance automatic adjustment method and system for dual-mode communication in view of the above problems.

[0004] The embodiment of the present application is implemented as follows: a load imbalance automatic adjustment method for dual-mode communication, comprising the following steps:

[0005] Real-time monitoring of network performance indicators of 5G cells (5G base station coverage areas) and 4G cells (4G base station coverage areas), setting a first dynamic threshold to determine the load state of each cell, and identifying whether there is 5G cell load overload and adjacent 4G cell has available capacity at present;

[0006] When it is identified that the 5G cell is overloaded, based on the current service demand of the user, a shunting strategy is implemented to guide part of the users to switch to 4G communication; it is detected whether there is a 5G experience area (such as a flagship store, an airport VIP hall, etc.) in the area where the overloaded 5G cell is located, and if there is a 5G experience area, the 5G communication of the user in the 5G experience area is maintained and is not affected by the shunting strategy;

[0007] After the shunting strategy is executed, the load decrease of the overloaded 5G cell, the load increase amplitude of the shunted 4G cell, and the network performance indicators of the 5G cell and the 4G cell are monitored, and the shunting strategy is adjusted according to the real-time feedback data.

[0008] In one embodiment, the present application provides a load imbalance automatic adjustment method for dual-mode communication, wherein the real-time monitoring of network performance indicators of 5G cells and 4G cells, setting a first dynamic threshold to determine the load state of each cell, and identifying whether there is 5G cell load overload and adjacent 4G cell has available capacity step specifically comprises:

[0009] Continuously collecting network performance indicators of 5G cells and 4G cells, and the network performance indicators include the number of users, PRB (Physical Resource Block) utilization rate, throughput, and error rate;

[0010] Based on historical data, a first dynamic threshold is set (e.g., 5G PRB utilization > 80% is considered overload, 4G utilization < 40% is considered low load); if a 5G cell continuously exceeds the first dynamic threshold and the capacity redundancy of adjacent 4G cells is ≥ 30%, load balancing is performed, and data is refreshed at set intervals (e.g., 5 minutes) to ensure real-time performance.

[0011] In one embodiment, the present invention provides an automatic load imbalance adjustment method for dual-mode communication. The step of detecting whether a 5G cell overload is detected, implementing a traffic diversion strategy based on the user's current service needs, and guiding some users to switch to 4G communication; and detecting whether a 5G experience zone exists in the area where the overloaded 5G cell is located, and if a 5G experience zone exists, maintaining 5G communication for users within the 5G experience zone, unaffected by the traffic diversion strategy, specifically includes:

[0012] When performing load balancing, the user service type is identified, high-speed services (video, games, etc.) are maintained as 5G communication, and low-speed services (email, web pages, etc.) are marked as offloadable services. Users marked as offloadable services are offloadable users.

[0013] For users who can be diverted, a targeted handover is performed based on their location to a 4G cell with available capacity, switching to 4G communication. The diversion ratio for a single transaction is ≤15%, avoiding instantaneous overload of the 4G cell.

[0014] Detect whether there is a 5G experience zone in the area where the overloaded 5G cell is located. If there is a 5G experience zone, maintain 5G communication for users in the 5G experience zone and prohibit the implementation of traffic diversion policies for users in the 5G experience zone (if there are 5G dedicated resources reserved, such as hidden backup carriers, they can be enabled).

[0015] In one embodiment, the present invention provides an automatic load imbalance adjustment method for dual-mode communication. The step of monitoring the load decrease of the overloaded 5G cell, the load increase of the diverted 4G cell, and the network performance indicators of the 5G and 4G cells after the traffic splitting strategy is executed, and adjusting the traffic splitting strategy based on real-time feedback data, specifically includes:

[0016] After the traffic offloading strategy is implemented, monitor the load reduction of the overloaded 5G cell, the load increase of the offloaded 4G cell, and the network performance indicators of the 5G and 4G cells. The target value for the reduction is 15%-25%, and the requirement for the increase is ≤10%.

[0017] If the load reduction of an overloaded 5G cell is insufficient, the upper limit of the single-time diversion ratio will be increased (15%→20%) or the scope of eligible diversion services will be expanded; if the load increase of a 4G cell exceeds 10%, the scope of eligible diversion services will be narrowed or internal load balancing of the 4G cell will be triggered.

[0018] In one embodiment, the present invention provides an automatic load imbalance adjustment system for dual-mode communication, comprising:

[0019] The load monitoring module is used to monitor the network performance indicators of 5G cells (5G base station coverage area) and 4G cells (4G base station coverage area) in real time, set a first dynamic threshold to determine the load status of each cell, and identify whether there is a 5G cell overload and whether the adjacent 4G cell has available capacity.

[0020] The traffic offloading execution module is used to implement traffic offloading strategies based on the user's current service needs when the 5G cell is identified as overloaded, guiding some users to switch to 4G communication; it also detects whether there is a 5G experience zone (such as a flagship store or airport VIP lounge) in the area where the overloaded 5G cell is located. If there is a 5G experience zone, it maintains the user's 5G communication in the 5G experience zone and is not affected by the traffic offloading strategy.

[0021] The feedback adjustment module is used to monitor the load decrease of overloaded 5G cells, the load increase of diverted 4G cells, and the network performance indicators of 5G and 4G cells after the traffic diversion strategy is implemented, and adjust the traffic diversion strategy based on real-time feedback data.

[0022] In one embodiment, the present invention provides an automatic load imbalance adjustment system for dual-mode communication, wherein the load monitoring module includes:

[0023] The network performance acquisition unit is used to continuously collect network performance indicators of 5G cells and 4G cells. The network performance indicators include the number of users, PRB (physical resource block) utilization, throughput, and bit error rate.

[0024] The first dynamic threshold setting unit is used to set the first dynamic threshold based on historical data (e.g., 5G PRB utilization > 80% is overload, 4G utilization < 40% is low load); if the 5G cell continuously exceeds the first dynamic threshold and the capacity redundancy of the adjacent 4G cell is ≥ 30%, load balancing is performed, and the data is refreshed at set intervals (e.g., 5 minutes) to ensure real-time performance.

[0025] In one embodiment, the present invention provides an automatic load imbalance adjustment system for dual-mode communication, wherein the load balancing execution module includes:

[0026] The service judgment and marking unit is used to identify the user service type during load balancing. It maintains high-speed services (video, games, etc.) as 5G communication and marks low-speed services (email, web pages, etc.) as offloadable services. Users marked with offloadable services are offloadable users.

[0027] The communication switching unit is used to perform targeted switching of users who can be diverted to 4G cells with available capacity based on their location, and switch to 4G communication. The diversion ratio in a single transaction is ≤15%, so as to avoid instantaneous overload of 4G cells.

[0028] The 5G communication maintenance unit is used to detect whether there is a 5G experience zone in the area where the overloaded 5G cell is located. If there is a 5G experience zone, it maintains 5G communication for users in the 5G experience zone and prohibits the implementation of traffic diversion strategies for users in the 5G experience zone (if there are 5G dedicated resources reserved, such as hidden backup carriers, it can be enabled).

[0029] In one embodiment, the present invention provides an automatic load imbalance adjustment system for dual-mode communication, wherein the feedback adjustment module includes:

[0030] The feedback detection unit is used to monitor the load decrease of the overloaded 5G cell, the load increase of the diverted 4G cell, and the network performance indicators of the 5G cell and the 4G cell after the traffic diversion strategy is implemented. The target value for the decrease is 15%-25%, and the increase is required to be ≤10%.

[0031] The traffic offloading adjustment unit is used to increase the upper limit of the single offloading ratio (15%→20%) or expand the scope of eligible offloading services if the load of an overloaded 5G cell is insufficient to reduce the load. If the load of a 4G cell increases by more than 10%, it will reduce the scope of eligible offloading services or trigger load balancing within the 4G cell.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention solves the resource allocation problem of 5G / 4G dual-mode communication through a dynamic load balancing mechanism. When the 5G communication load is too high, it intelligently guides some users to switch to 4G communication to balance the load. At the same time, for specific 5G experience zones, it prioritizes the supply of 5G resources in the area and ensures that users in the experience zone obtain a stable high-speed connection by limiting the 5G access density in the surrounding non-core areas, thus meeting the needs of merchants in the 5G experience zone. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an automatic load imbalance adjustment method for dual-mode communication provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the dual-mode communication load detection process provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the load diversion and adjustment process provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the adjustment of the traffic splitting strategy provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an automatic load imbalance adjustment system for dual-mode communication provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a load monitoring module provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the flow-splitting execution module provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the feedback adjustment module provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0042] It is understood that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in this application may be used herein to describe various elements, but unless otherwise specified, these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are used only to distinguish one element from another. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, a first script may be referred to as a second script, and similarly, a second script may be referred to as a first script.

[0043] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, an automatic load imbalance adjustment method for dual-mode communication includes the following steps:

[0044] Step S1: Monitor the network performance indicators of 5G cells (5G base station coverage area) and 4G cells (4G base station coverage area) in real time, set a first dynamic threshold to determine the load status of each cell, and identify whether there is a 5G cell overload and whether the adjacent 4G cell has available capacity.

[0045] Step S2: When 5G cell overload is detected, a diversion strategy is implemented based on the user's current service needs to guide some users to switch to 4G communication; it is detected whether there is a 5G experience zone (such as a flagship store, airport VIP lounge, etc.) in the area where the overloaded 5G cell is located. If there is a 5G experience zone, the user's 5G communication is maintained in the 5G experience zone and is not affected by the diversion strategy.

[0046] Step S3: After the traffic offloading strategy is executed, monitor the load decrease of the overloaded 5G cell, the load increase of the offloaded 4G cell, and the network performance indicators of the 5G cell and the 4G cell. Adjust the traffic offloading strategy based on the real-time feedback data.

[0047] Step S1 (Real-time Monitoring and Identification): The load status is determined by a first dynamic threshold (not a fixed value) to avoid misjudgments or delayed responses caused by traditional static thresholds. The focus is on monitoring the spatiotemporal coupling relationship between 5G overload and adjacent 4G redundant capacity (e.g., geographical proximity + capacity matching) to ensure the feasibility of traffic offloading.

[0048] Step S2 (Intelligent Traffic Offloading and 5G Experience Zone Protection): Service Classification: Traffic is offloaded according to service needs (high speed / low speed) to ensure the core service experience; Area Classification: Traffic offloading is exempted for 5G experience zones to maintain the brand's technical image; Traffic Offloading Limit (≤15%): to prevent 4G cells from being impacted by sudden traffic surges, affecting 4G cell communication.

[0049] Step S3 (Feedback Loop and Strategy Iteration): Based on the dual-network performance joint debugging data (not single-network indicators) after traffic splitting, the strategy is dynamically corrected to achieve an adaptive loop of traffic splitting-monitoring-optimization, avoiding over-adjustment or under-adjustment.

[0050] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, an automatic load imbalance adjustment method for dual-mode communication, in step S1, which involves real-time monitoring of network performance indicators of 5G and 4G cells, setting a first dynamic threshold to determine the load status of each cell, and identifying whether there is currently an overloaded 5G cell and available capacity in a neighboring 4G cell, specifically includes:

[0051] Step S11: Continuously collect network performance indicators for 5G and 4G cells. These indicators include the number of users, PRB (Physical Resource Block) utilization, throughput, and bit error rate.

[0052] Step S12: Set a first dynamic threshold based on historical data (e.g., 5G PRB utilization > 80% is overload, 4G utilization < 40% is low load); determine if the 5G cell continuously exceeds the first dynamic threshold and the capacity redundancy of the adjacent 4G cell is ≥ 30%, perform load balancing processing, and refresh the data at set intervals (e.g., 5 minutes) to ensure real-time performance.

[0053] In step S11, the number of users, PRB utilization, throughput, and bit error rate constitute a four-dimensional load evaluation system: PRB utilization directly reflects the physical resource stress; throughput / bit error rate is related to user experience quality; and the number of users predicts potential congestion trends. Step S12 involves the design of the first dynamic threshold, which is based on historical data (not manually set) and adapted to the actual network carrying capacity; dual-condition triggering (5G > 80% and 4G redundancy ≥ 30%) ensures the effectiveness of traffic offloading; and a 5-minute refresh matches the service fluctuation cycle, achieving near real-time response.

[0054] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3As shown, an automatic load imbalance adjustment method for dual-mode communication, in step S2, when 5G cell overload is detected, a traffic offloading strategy is implemented based on the user's current service needs, guiding some users to switch to 4G communication; detecting whether a 5G experience zone exists in the area where the overloaded 5G cell is located, and if a 5G experience zone exists, maintaining 5G communication for users within the 5G experience zone, unaffected by the traffic offloading strategy, specifically includes the following steps:

[0055] In step S21, when performing load balancing, the user service type is identified, high-speed services (video, games, etc.) are maintained as 5G communication, and low-speed services (email, web pages, etc.) are marked as offloadable services. Users marked as offloadable services are offloadable users.

[0056] Step S22: For users who can be diverted, perform a targeted handover to a 4G cell with available capacity based on their location, and switch to 4G communication. The diversion ratio for a single transaction is ≤15% to avoid instantaneous overload of the 4G cell.

[0057] Step S23: Detect whether there is a 5G experience zone in the area where the overloaded 5G cell is located. If there is a 5G experience zone, maintain 5G communication for users in the 5G experience zone and prohibit the implementation of traffic diversion strategies for users in the 5G experience zone (if there are 5G dedicated resources reserved, such as hidden backup carriers, they can be enabled).

[0058] Step S21 uses service demand (not user level) as the basis for traffic offloading, which conforms to the principle of maximizing network efficiency. Low-speed services are not sensitive to 4G bandwidth, and the user experience is not affected after offloading. In Step S22, location binding ensures that users remain within the coverage area of ​​the target 4G cell after switching; a 15% offloading cap controls the 4G load ramp-up rate to avoid a cascading failure effect. Step S23, the experience zone exemption mechanism, prioritizes the 5G technology demonstration value in commercially sensitive areas (such as flagship stores), and activates backup carriers when necessary to protect the interests of merchants; offloading is carried out in other non-5G experience zone areas of the 5G cell, reducing the overall load rate of the 5G cell and ensuring the 5G communication experience for users in the 5G experience zone.

[0059] In one embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, an automatic load imbalance adjustment method for dual-mode communication, step S3, after the traffic splitting strategy is executed, monitors the load decrease of the overloaded 5G cell, the load increase of the split 4G cell, and the network performance indicators of the 5G and 4G cells, and adjusts the traffic splitting strategy based on real-time feedback data. Specifically, this step includes:

[0060] Step S31: After the traffic offloading strategy is implemented, monitor the load decrease of the overloaded 5G cell, the load increase of the offloaded 4G cell, and the network performance indicators of the 5G cell and the 4G cell. The target value for the decrease is 15%-25%, and the increase is required to be ≤10%.

[0061] Step S32: If the load reduction of the overloaded 5G cell is insufficient, increase the upper limit of the single diversion ratio (15%→20%) or expand the scope of divertable services; if the load increase of the 4G cell exceeds 10%, narrow the scope of divertable services or trigger load balancing within the 4G cell.

[0062] Step S31: Synchronously track the offloading source (5G load reduction), offloading target (4G load increase), and global network performance to prevent patching problems elsewhere. Step S32: Adjust flexible strategies: If the 5G load reduction is insufficient, increase the offloading ratio or expand the scope of offloaded services (e.g., include medium-speed services); if the 4G load increase exceeds the target, shrink the offloading scope or initiate 4G internal load balancing (e.g., inter-cell load scheduling).

[0063] In one embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, a dual-mode communication load imbalance automatic adjustment system includes:

[0064] The load monitoring module 1 is used to monitor the network performance indicators of 5G cells (5G base station coverage area) and 4G cells (4G base station coverage area) in real time, set a first dynamic threshold to determine the load status of each cell, and identify whether there is a 5G cell overload and whether the adjacent 4G cell has available capacity.

[0065] The traffic offloading execution module 2 is used to implement traffic offloading strategies based on the user's current service needs when the 5G cell is identified as overloaded, guiding some users to switch to 4G communication; it also detects whether there is a 5G experience zone (such as a flagship store, airport VIP lounge, etc.) in the area where the overloaded 5G cell is located. If there is a 5G experience zone, it maintains the user's 5G communication in the 5G experience zone and is not affected by the traffic offloading strategy.

[0066] The feedback adjustment module 3 is used to monitor the load decrease of the overloaded 5G cell, the load increase of the diverted 4G cell, and the network performance indicators of the 5G cell and 4G cell after the diversion strategy is executed, and adjust the diversion strategy based on the real-time feedback data.

[0067] Heterogeneous networks (such as 3G and WiFi) can also be introduced to build a multi-mode load balancing pool. When 4G capacity is insufficient, low-speed services can be offloaded to 3G or WiFi networks, and non-cellular networks can be used to carry background traffic, expanding the offloading dimensions (e.g., a three-level offloading chain of 5G→4G→WiFi).

[0068] In one embodiment, such as Figure 6 As shown, a dual-mode communication automatic load imbalance adjustment system includes a load monitoring module 1 comprising:

[0069] The network performance acquisition unit 11 is used to continuously collect network performance indicators of 5G cells and 4G cells. The network performance indicators include the number of users, PRB (physical resource block) utilization, throughput, and bit error rate.

[0070] The first dynamic threshold setting unit 12 is used to set a first dynamic threshold based on historical data (e.g., 5G PRB utilization > 80% is overload, 4G utilization < 40% is low load); if the 5G cell continuously exceeds the first dynamic threshold and the capacity redundancy of the adjacent 4G cell is ≥ 30%, load balancing is performed, and the data is refreshed at set intervals (e.g., 5 minutes) to ensure real-time performance.

[0071] It can also collect experience data such as the measured MOS value and RTT latency of the terminal (both are communication network quality assessment indicators) through MDT (Minimum Drive Test), and dynamically adjust the threshold (such as allowing the PRB utilization threshold to float up by 5% in high MOS value scenarios) to achieve user experience-driven threshold calibration.

[0072] In one embodiment, such as Figure 7 As shown, a dual-mode communication load imbalance automatic adjustment system includes a load shunting execution module 2 comprising:

[0073] The service judgment and marking unit 21 is used to identify the user service type during load balancing, maintain high-speed services (video, games, etc.) as 5G communication, mark low-speed services (email, web pages, etc.) as offloadable services, and users marked with offloadable services are offloadable users.

[0074] The communication switching unit 22 is used to perform targeted switching of users who can be diverted to 4G cells with available capacity based on their location, and switch to 4G communication. The diversion ratio in a single transaction is ≤15%, so as to avoid instantaneous overload of 4G cells.

[0075] The 5G communication maintenance unit 23 is used to detect whether there is a 5G experience zone in the area where the overloaded 5G cell is located. If there is a 5G experience zone, it maintains the user's 5G communication in the 5G experience zone and prohibits the implementation of traffic diversion strategies for users in the 5G experience zone (if there are 5G dedicated resources reserved, such as hidden backup carriers, it can be enabled).

[0076] The 5G experience zone can be dynamically adjusted (such as a temporary experience zone for a concert). It can automatically shrink or expand the boundaries of the experience zone based on the flow density calculated by drone patrols.

[0077] In one embodiment, such as Figure 8 As shown, a dual-mode communication load imbalance automatic adjustment system includes a feedback adjustment module 3 comprising:

[0078] The feedback detection unit 31 is used to monitor the load decrease of the overloaded 5G cell, the load increase of the diverted 4G cell, and the network performance indicators of the 5G cell and the 4G cell after the traffic diversion strategy is executed. The target value for the decrease is 15%-25%, and the increase is required to be ≤10%.

[0079] The traffic offloading adjustment unit 32 is used to increase the upper limit of the single traffic offloading ratio (15%→20%) or expand the scope of eligible offloading services if the load of the overloaded 5G cell is insufficient; and to reduce the scope of eligible offloading services or trigger load balancing within the 4G cell if the load of the 4G cell increases by more than 10%.

[0080] Base station energy consumption indicators (such as 4G single carrier power consumption of 2kW vs 5G of 3.5kW) can also be introduced. When the offloading of traffic causes a surge in 4G energy consumption, an energy efficiency constraint strategy (such as limiting the offloading ratio to ≤10%) can be triggered.

[0081] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowcharts of the various embodiments of the present invention are shown sequentially according to the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some steps in the various embodiments may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages. These sub-steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these sub-steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be performed alternately or in turn with other steps or at least a portion of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0082] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0083] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of this patent should be determined by the appended claims.

[0084] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0085] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A method for automatic load imbalance adjustment in dual-mode communication, characterized in that, The automatic load imbalance adjustment method for this dual-mode communication includes the following steps: Real-time monitoring of network performance indicators of 5G and 4G cells; setting a first dynamic threshold to determine the load status of each cell; identifying whether there is currently an overloaded 5G cell and whether the adjacent 4G cell has available capacity. When 5G cell overload is detected, a traffic diversion strategy is implemented based on the user's current service needs, guiding some users to switch to 4G communication; it is also detected whether there is a 5G experience zone in the area where the overloaded 5G cell is located. If a 5G experience zone exists, 5G communication for users is maintained in the 5G experience zone and is not affected by the traffic diversion strategy. After the traffic offloading strategy is implemented, monitor the load reduction of the overloaded 5G cell, the load increase of the offloaded 4G cell, and the network performance indicators of the 5G cell and 4G cell. Adjust the traffic offloading strategy based on real-time feedback data. The step of implementing a traffic offloading strategy based on the user's current service needs when a 5G cell overload is detected, guiding some users to switch to 4G communication; and detecting whether a 5G experience zone exists in the area where the overloaded 5G cell is located, and maintaining 5G communication for users within the 5G experience zone without being affected by the traffic offloading strategy, specifically includes: When performing load balancing, the user service type is identified, high-speed services are maintained as 5G communication, low-speed services are marked as offloadable services, and users marked as offloadable services are offloadable users. For users who can be diverted, a targeted handover is performed based on their location to a 4G cell with available capacity, switching to 4G communication. The diversion ratio for a single transaction is ≤15%, avoiding instantaneous overload of the 4G cell. Detect whether there is a 5G experience zone in the area where the overloaded 5G cell is located. If there is a 5G experience zone, maintain 5G communication for users in the 5G experience zone and prohibit the implementation of traffic diversion policies for users in the 5G experience zone. The 5G experience zone can be dynamically adjusted, automatically shrinking / expanding its boundaries based on drone patrols to calculate pedestrian density.

2. The automatic load imbalance adjustment method for dual-mode communication according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of real-time monitoring of network performance indicators of 5G and 4G cells, setting a first dynamic threshold to determine the load status of each cell, and identifying whether there is currently an overloaded 5G cell and available capacity in a neighboring 4G cell specifically includes: Continuously collect network performance indicators for 5G and 4G cells, including the number of users, PRB utilization, throughput, and bit error rate. A first dynamic threshold is set based on historical data; if a 5G cell continuously exceeds the first dynamic threshold and the capacity redundancy of a neighboring 4G cell is ≥30%, load balancing is performed, and data is refreshed at set intervals to ensure real-time performance.

3. The automatic load imbalance adjustment method for dual-mode communication according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The step of monitoring the load decrease of the overloaded 5G cell, the load increase of the diverted 4G cell, and the network performance indicators of the 5G and 4G cells after the traffic diversion strategy is implemented, and adjusting the traffic diversion strategy based on real-time feedback data, specifically includes: After the traffic offloading strategy is implemented, monitor the load reduction of the overloaded 5G cell, the load increase of the offloaded 4G cell, and the network performance indicators of the 5G and 4G cells. The target value for the reduction is 15%-25%, and the requirement for the increase is ≤10%. If the load reduction of an overloaded 5G cell is insufficient, the upper limit of the single diversion ratio will be increased or the scope of eligible diversion services will be expanded; if the load increase of a 4G cell exceeds 10%, the scope of eligible diversion services will be narrowed or load balancing within the 4G cell will be triggered.

4. A dual-mode communication load imbalance automatic adjustment system, characterized in that, The dual-mode communication load imbalance automatic adjustment system includes: The load monitoring module is used to monitor the network performance indicators of 5G cells and 4G cells in real time, set a first dynamic threshold to determine the load status of each cell, and identify whether there is a 5G cell overload and whether the adjacent 4G cell has available capacity. The traffic offloading execution module is used to implement traffic offloading strategies based on the user's current service needs when the 5G cell is identified as overloaded, guiding some users to switch to 4G communication; it also detects whether there is a 5G experience zone in the area where the overloaded 5G cell is located. If there is a 5G experience zone, it maintains the user's 5G communication in the 5G experience zone, unaffected by the traffic offloading strategy. The feedback adjustment module is used to monitor the load decrease of overloaded 5G cells, the load increase of diverted 4G cells, and the network performance indicators of 5G and 4G cells after the traffic diversion strategy is executed, and adjust the traffic diversion strategy based on real-time feedback data. The traffic splitting execution module includes: The service judgment and marking unit is used to identify the user service type during load balancing, maintain high-speed services as 5G communication, mark low-speed services as offloadable services, and users marked with offloadable services are offloadable users. The communication switching unit is used to perform targeted switching of users who can be diverted to 4G cells with available capacity based on their location, and switch to 4G communication. The diversion ratio in a single transaction is ≤15%, so as to avoid instantaneous overload of 4G cells. The 5G communication maintenance unit is used to detect whether there is a 5G experience zone in the area where the overloaded 5G cell is located. If there is a 5G experience zone, it maintains the user's 5G communication in the 5G experience zone and prohibits the implementation of traffic diversion policies for users in the 5G experience zone. The 5G experience zone can be dynamically adjusted, automatically shrinking / expanding its boundaries based on drone patrols to calculate pedestrian density.

5. The automatic load imbalance adjustment system for dual-mode communication according to claim 4, characterized in that, The load monitoring module includes: The network performance acquisition unit is used to continuously collect network performance indicators of 5G cells and 4G cells. These network performance indicators include the number of users, PRB utilization, throughput, and bit error rate. The first dynamic threshold setting unit is used to set the first dynamic threshold based on historical data; if the 5G cell continuously exceeds the first dynamic threshold and the capacity redundancy of the adjacent 4G cell is ≥30%, load balancing is performed, and the data is refreshed at set intervals to ensure real-time performance.

6. The dual-mode communication load imbalance automatic adjustment system according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The feedback adjustment module includes: The feedback detection unit is used to monitor the load decrease of the overloaded 5G cell, the load increase of the diverted 4G cell, and the network performance indicators of the 5G cell and the 4G cell after the traffic diversion strategy is implemented. The target value for the decrease is 15%-25%, and the increase is required to be ≤10%. The traffic offloading adjustment unit is used to increase the upper limit of the single offloading ratio or expand the scope of eligible offloading services if the load of an overloaded 5G cell is insufficient to reduce the load; and to reduce the scope of eligible offloading services or trigger load balancing within the 4G cell if the load of a 4G cell increases by more than 10%.

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