Multifunctional integrated seeder for ridge culture of four rows of fresh corn

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and provides a multifunctional integrated seeding machine for ridge culture four-row fresh corn, which comprises a main beam, a fertilizer feeding mechanism, a synchronous row spacing adjusting device, a seeding mechanism, a fertilizer feeding and ditching device and a ridging and compacting device, the fertilizer feeding mechanism is connected to the upper side of the main beam, the synchronous row spacing adjusting device is connected to the main beam, and the seeding mechanism is connected to the upper side of the main beam. The seeding mechanism is connected to the rear side of the synchronous line spacing adjusting device, the fertilizer discharging and ditching device is connected to the front side of the synchronous line spacing adjusting device, the fertilizer discharging mechanism is arranged above the fertilizer discharging and ditching device, and the ridging and pressing device is connected to the lower side of the main beam. The machine has the advantages that ridging, fertilizing and seeding combined operation can be completed, and the operation efficiency is improved; the seeding agricultural requirements of ridging, fertilizer feeding, adjustable seeding row spacing and adjustable plant spacing are met; and through the control of the control system, the seeding and fertilizer discharging accuracy and uniformity are improved, and the technical problem of poor qualification rate is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and more specifically, to a multi-functional integrated planter for four-row ridge-planting fresh corn. Background Technology

[0002] Corn, as one of my country's main grains, has ranked first in production among the three major grains in recent years. Now, with the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the demand for fresh corn, which has higher nutritional content and better taste, is also constantly increasing.

[0003] However, the main planting areas for fresh corn in my country are currently concentrated in southern regions such as Yunnan and Guangdong. Due to the diverse terrain and complex topography in the south, most corn planting areas are scattered, and the planting technique is ridge planting. As a result, few large corn planters in my country can complete the combined operations of ridging, fertilizing, and sowing in one go, making most agricultural machinery on the market unable to match the agricultural techniques.

[0004] In addition to the problems mentioned above, most regions in my country still use low-end mechanical seeders, which have many problems such as low sowing efficiency, uneven plant spacing, inconsistent sowing depth, and seed waste, resulting in a waste of manpower, material resources, and energy; the above-mentioned defects are all problems that urgently need to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to overcome at least one defect (deficiency) of the prior art and provide a multi-functional integrated planter for four-row fresh corn ridge planting, which can complete the combined operations of ridging, fertilization and sowing, thereby improving work efficiency.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this invention is to provide a multi-functional integrated planter for four-row fresh corn on ridges, including a main beam, a fertilizer discharge mechanism, a synchronous row spacing adjustment device, a planting mechanism, a fertilizer discharge and furrowing device, and a ridge-forming and pressing device. The fertilizer discharge mechanism is connected to the upper side of the main beam, the synchronous row spacing adjustment device is connected to the main beam, the planting mechanism is connected to the rear side of the synchronous row spacing adjustment device, the fertilizer discharge and furrowing device is connected to the front side of the synchronous row spacing adjustment device, the fertilizer discharge mechanism is located above the fertilizer discharge and furrowing device, and the ridge-forming and pressing device is connected to the lower side of the main beam.

[0007] Furthermore, the fertilizer discharge mechanism includes a fertilizer box, a fertilizer discharge device, and a fertilizer discharge drive motor. The fertilizer box is connected to the main beam, the fertilizer discharge device is located inside the fertilizer box, and the fertilizer discharge drive motor drives the fertilizer discharge device to discharge fertilizer.

[0008] Furthermore, the sowing mechanism includes a sowing unit and a novel type of seed metering device with adjustable aperture connected to the sowing unit, wherein the sowing unit is connected to the rear side of the synchronous row spacing adjustment device.

[0009] Furthermore, the novel seed metering device with adjustable orifice includes a housing, on which a seed box is connected. A seed drop opening is located at the bottom of the seed box, and an inclined seed protection plate and a vertical seed limiting plate are connected to the seed drop opening. A seed metering wheel is connected inside the housing, and inside the housing, a seed metering wheel, a first-stage brush, and a second-stage brush are connected. The seed metering wheel has multiple orifices, and a seed protection belt is circumferentially located on the outer side of the seeding wheel. A seed quantity adjustment cam is located on the side of the seed metering wheel, used to adjust the depth of the orifices. A seed filling plate is connected to the seed metering wheel, and the seed filling plate and the housing together form a seed filling area with an opening facing the seed drop opening. A seed metering device drive motor is connected to the seed metering wheel to drive its rotation.

[0010] Furthermore, the ridging and compaction device includes a moldboard furrowing plow and a compaction roller. The moldboard furrowing plow is connected to both sides of the main beam and is used to turn the soil on the left and right sides towards the center. The compaction roller is fixed to the main beam by a compaction roller height adjustment contour mechanism, which is used to adjust the height of the compaction roller.

[0011] Furthermore, the side of the press roller is provided with blades and a speed sensor, the speed sensor being used to detect the rotational speed of the press roller.

[0012] Furthermore, the synchronous row spacing adjustment device includes a central row spacing adjustment mechanism and a side row spacing adjustment mechanism connected to the main beam. The side row spacing adjustment mechanisms are located on both sides of the central row spacing adjustment mechanism. Both the central row spacing adjustment mechanism and the side row spacing adjustment mechanism are connected to at least one integrated fixing frame. The fertilizer drainage and ditching device is connected to the front side of the integrated fixing frame, and the sowing mechanism is connected to the rear side of the integrated fixing frame.

[0013] Furthermore, the side row spacing adjustment mechanism is connected to the main beam via a side row spacing adjustment frame, and the middle row spacing adjustment mechanism is connected to the main beam via a middle row spacing adjustment frame.

[0014] Furthermore, the central row spacing adjustment mechanism includes a central lead screw and a matching central nut, and the side row spacing adjustment mechanism includes a side lead screw and a matching side nut. The central lead screw is connected to the central row spacing adjustment frame via a lead screw support, and the side lead screw is connected to the side row spacing adjustment frame via a lead screw support. The central nut and the side nut are connected to the integrated fixing frame.

[0015] Furthermore, the two ends of the central lead screw are respectively connected to the side lead screws via couplings to form a lead screw assembly, and one end of the lead screw assembly is connected to a rotating handle; the side row spacing adjustment frame is provided with a side optical shaft, the side optical shaft passes through the integrated fixing frame and is connected to the side row spacing adjustment frame via an optical shaft locking ring; the central row spacing adjustment frame is provided with a central optical shaft, the central optical shaft passes through the integrated fixing frame and is connected to the central row spacing adjustment frame via an optical shaft locking ring.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by designing and optimizing the compact overall structure, it can realize combined sowing operations and adapt to the agronomical requirements of ridging and four-row adjustable row spacing and plant spacing; by adding GNSS antenna, speed sensor, fertilizer discharge drive motor, sowing drive motor and control system, the accuracy and uniformity of sowing and fertilizer discharge are improved, and the technical problem of poor qualification rate is reduced; by designing multiple adjustable devices, it adapts to the requirements of ridge planting required for fresh corn planting, adapts to the sowing work with different soil conditions in different regions, ensures the accuracy and qualification rate of sowing, and improves the sowing quality of corn seeds. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the seeder of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a front view of the seeder of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a side view of the seeder of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a top view of the seeder of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the internal structure of the novel seed metering device with adjustable orifice according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a partial structural diagram of the seeder of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the contouring mechanism for adjusting the height of the press roller.

[0025] Attached reference numerals: 1. Seed limiting plate; 2. First-stage brush; 3. Second-stage brush; 4. Seed quantity adjustment cam; 5. Seed metering wheel; 6. Seed protection belt; 7. Outer shell; 8. Seed filling plate; 9. Seed protection plate; 10. Seed box; 11. Adjustable-aperture seed metering device; 12. Ridging and compaction device; 13. Fertilizer dispensing and furrowing device; 14. Plant spacing adjustment device; 15. Fertilizer box; 16. Fertilizer dispensing drive motor; 17. Synchronous row spacing adjustment device; 18. Seed metering device drive motor; 19. Seeding unit; 20. 21. Fertilizer discharge device; 22. Main beam; 23. Middle row spacing adjustment mechanism; 24. Side row spacing adjustment mechanism; 25. Side optical axis; 26. Middle optical axis; 27. Optical axis locking ring; 28. Coupling; 29. ​​Screw support seat; 30. GNSS antenna; 31. Moldboard-type furrowing plow; 32. Press roller; 33. Integrated fixing frame; 34. Side row spacing adjustment frame; 35. Middle row spacing adjustment frame; 36. Hole depth adjustment mechanism; 37. Support rod; 38. Elastic element; 39. Nut. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the invention. To better illustrate the following embodiments, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual product dimensions; it is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] Combination Figures 1 to 8 This embodiment provides a multi-functional integrated planter for four-row fresh corn cultivation, including a main beam 21, a fertilizer discharge mechanism, a synchronous row spacing adjustment device 17, a planting mechanism, a fertilizer discharge and furrowing device 13, and a ridging and pressing device 12. The fertilizer discharge mechanism is connected to the upper side of the main beam 21, the synchronous row spacing adjustment device 17 is connected to the main beam 21, the planting mechanism is connected to the rear side of the synchronous row spacing adjustment device 17, the fertilizer discharge and furrowing device 13 is connected to the front side of the synchronous row spacing adjustment device 17, the fertilizer discharge mechanism is located above the fertilizer discharge and furrowing device 13, and the ridging and pressing device 12 is connected to the lower side of the main beam 21.

[0029] Specifically, the synchronous row spacing adjustment device is used to synchronously adjust the distance between adjacent sowing mechanisms and adjacent fertilizer ditching devices 13.

[0030] Furthermore, the fertilizer discharge mechanism includes a fertilizer box 15, a fertilizer discharge device 20, and a fertilizer discharge drive motor 16. The fertilizer box 15 is connected to the main beam 21, the fertilizer discharge device 20 is located inside the fertilizer box 15, and the fertilizer discharge drive motor 16 drives the fertilizer discharge device 20 to discharge fertilizer.

[0031] Specifically, the fertilizer box 15 has a fertilizer inlet at the bottom, the fertilizer discharge device 20 is a spiral auger, the spiral auger is movably connected to the fertilizer inlet, and the fertilizer discharge drive motor 16 drives the spiral auger to rotate, thereby realizing fertilizer discharge control.

[0032] Furthermore, the sowing mechanism includes a sowing unit 19 and a novel seed metering device 11 with adjustable aperture connected to the sowing unit 19, wherein the sowing unit 19 is connected to the rear side of the synchronous row spacing adjustment device 17.

[0033] Specifically, after the seeds are discharged from the new type of adjustable hole emitter 11, they fall into the soil through the sowing unit 19. Preferably, the sowing unit is also used to open seed furrows and cover the soil.

[0034] Furthermore, the novel seed metering device 11 with adjustable orifice includes a housing 7, on which a seed box 10 is connected. The bottom of the seed box 10 has a seed drop opening, and an inclined seed protection plate 9 and a vertical seed limiting plate 1 are connected to the seed drop opening. A seed metering wheel 5 is connected inside the housing 7. Inside the housing 7, the seed metering wheel 5, a first-stage brush 2, and a second-stage brush 3 are connected. The seed metering wheel 5 has multiple orifices. A seed protection belt 6 is provided circumferentially on the outer side of the seed metering wheel 5. A seeding quantity adjustment cam 4 is provided on the side of the seed metering wheel 5. The seeding quantity adjustment cam 4 is used to adjust the depth of the orifices. A seed filling plate 8 is connected to the seed metering wheel 5. The seed filling plate 8 and the housing 7 enclose a seed filling area with the opening facing the seed drop opening. A seed metering device drive motor 18 is connected to the seed metering wheel 5 to drive the seed metering wheel 5 to rotate.

[0035] Preferably, the seed metering wheel 5 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the outer casing 7 via a rotating shaft. The seed metering wheel 5 is equipped with a hole depth adjustment mechanism 35, which is connected to the rotating shaft via a spring. The seeding rate adjustment cam 4 presses against the hole depth adjustment mechanism 35 towards the rotating shaft to adjust the depth of the orifice. Specifically, the seeding rate adjustment cam 4 has multiple openings corresponding to the outer casing 7. After manually pressing the seeding rate adjustment cam 4, a fixing mechanism passes through the openings to fix the seeding rate adjustment cam 4 to the outer casing 7. Different openings correspond to different orifice depth adjustments. The fixing mechanism is, for example, a pin. Specifically, the seeding rate adjustment cam 4 has 3 openings, and the outer casing 7 has 8 openings, realizing multi-level adjustment of the orifice depth. More preferably, the bottom of the seed metering wheel 5 is provided with a seed metering area, and the seeding quantity adjusting cam 4 is configured such that, as the orifice on the seed metering wheel 5 rotates from the seed filling area to the seed metering area, the pressure of the seeding quantity adjusting cam 4 on the orifice depth adjusting mechanism 35 gradually increases, and the degree of compression of the spring also gradually increases until the orifice rotates to the seed metering area, at which point the seeding quantity adjusting cam 4 releases the pressure on the orifice depth adjusting mechanism 35, the spring is released, and the seeds in the orifice are ejected to complete the seeding.

[0036] During operation, seeds first flow from the seed box 10 to the seed filling zone. The seeding rate adjustment cam 4 adjusts the orifice depth. As the seed metering wheel 5 rotates, seeds continuously enter the orifices of the seed metering wheel 5, completing the filling process. In the seed cleaning zone, the seeds entering the orifices first pass through the seed limiting plate 1, which initially removes excess seeds. As the seed metering wheel 5 continues to rotate, the first-stage brush 2 and the second-stage brush 3 remove excess seeds outside the orifices. In the seed protection zone, as the seed metering wheel 5 rotates, the orifices gradually deepen, and the seeds fall into the orifice grooves, increasing the orifice volume and protecting the seeds. In the seed metering zone, the spring returns to its original shape, and the seeds in the orifice grooves are quickly discharged from the seed outlet under their own weight and the elastic force of the elastic element, falling into the soil through the seeding unit 19, thus completing the sowing process.

[0037] In this embodiment, the seeding rate is infinitely adjustable, meeting the agronomical requirements of seeding rates for different varieties and in different regions. The movement trajectory of the seeding hole slider is a cam structure. In the seed protection zone, the slider rapidly compresses the spring under the action of the limiting plate, further increasing the seeding hole's capacity and reducing the possibility of seed compression within the hole, thus protecting the seeds and reducing the seed breakage rate. In the seed discharging zone, the slider moves from the short-range block speed of the cam to the long-range speed, achieving forced seed discharging by the spring, avoiding seed residue within the seeding hole, resulting in good discharging effect. It features uniform and stable discharging, precise seeding rate, good applicability (suitable for a certain range of seed sizes), reliable operation, and is not prone to clogging. It can adapt to the agronomical requirements of the seeder under different operating modes.

[0038] Furthermore, the ridging and compaction device 12 includes a moldboard furrowing plow 31 and a compaction roller 31. The moldboard furrowing plow 31 is connected to both sides of the main beam 21 and is used to turn the soil on the left and right sides toward the middle. The compaction roller 31 is fixed to the main beam 21 by a compaction roller height adjustment and contouring mechanism. The compaction roller height adjustment and contouring mechanism is used to adjust the height of the compaction roller 31, and can also adjust the compaction pressure and contouring.

[0039] Furthermore, the side of the press roller 31 is equipped with blades and a speed sensor, which is used to detect the rotational speed of the press roller. The moldboard furrowing plow 31 turns the soil on both sides inward, and the pressure of gravity of the press roller 31 compacts the ridge sides, making the ridge more stable; the blades welded to the cross-sections of the press roller 31 increase the adhesion to the ground and reduce slippage, making the speed measured by the speed sensor more accurate.

[0040] The press roller height adjustment contouring mechanism is used to adjust the height of the press roller, and preferably, it also serves to adjust the pressing pressure and contouring. The press roller height adjustment contouring mechanism includes a support rod 36, an elastic element 37, and a nut 38. The support rod 36 is connected to the press roller 31 of the main beam 21. By rotating the nut 38, the compression degree of the elastic element 37 is adjusted, thereby adjusting the height of the press roller 31 above the ground.

[0041] The height adjustment contouring mechanism of the press roller can adjust the ridging height by rotating the nut 38, and blades are welded to both ends of the press roller 31.

[0042] Furthermore, the synchronous row spacing adjustment device 17 includes a middle row spacing adjustment mechanism 22 and a side row spacing adjustment mechanism 23 connected to the main beam 21. The side row spacing adjustment mechanism 23 is located on both sides of the middle row spacing adjustment mechanism 22. Both the middle row spacing adjustment mechanism 22 and the side row spacing adjustment mechanism 23 are connected to at least one integrated fixing frame 32. The fertilizer discharging and ditching device 13 is connected to the front side of the integrated fixing frame 32, and the sowing mechanism is connected to the rear side of the integrated fixing frame 32.

[0043] Furthermore, the side row spacing adjustment mechanism 23 is connected to the main beam 21 via a side row spacing adjustment frame 33, and the middle row spacing adjustment mechanism 22 is connected to the main beam 21 via an intermediate row spacing adjustment frame.

[0044] Furthermore, the central row spacing adjustment mechanism 22 includes a central lead screw and a matching central nut, and the side row spacing adjustment mechanism 23 includes a side lead screw and a matching side nut. The central lead screw is connected to the central row spacing adjustment frame 3429 via a lead screw support 28, and the side lead screw is connected to the side row spacing adjustment frame 33 via a lead screw support 28. The central nut and the side nut are connected to the integrated fixing frame 32.

[0045] Furthermore, the two ends of the central lead screw are respectively connected to the side lead screws via couplings 27 to form a lead screw assembly, and one end of the lead screw assembly is connected to a rotating handle; the side row spacing adjustment frame 33 is provided with a side optical shaft 24, the side optical shaft 24 passes through the integrated fixing frame 32 and is connected to the side row spacing adjustment frame 33 via a Guangzhou locking ring 26; the central row spacing adjustment frame 3429 is provided with a central optical shaft 25, the central optical shaft 25 passes through the integrated fixing frame 32 and is connected to the central row spacing adjustment frame 3429 via a Guangzhou locking ring 26.

[0046] Specifically, there are two central lead screws, both with a 10mm pitch. These central lead screws are connected via M12-M12 double-clutch couplings 27. Each of the two central lead screws is connected to a side lead screw via an M12-M12 double-clutch coupling 27, forming a lead screw assembly. The side lead screws have a 5mm pitch. Both the central spacing adjustment bracket 3429 and the side spacing adjustment bracket 33 are fixed to the main beam 21 with U-bolts. Each side spacing adjustment bracket 33 has two optical shafts, which are connected to the side spacing adjustment bracket 33 via four locking rings 26. The central spacing adjustment bracket 3429 has four optical shafts, which are connected to the central spacing adjustment bracket 3429 via eight optical shaft locking rings. In this embodiment, each central lead screw is connected to an integrated fixing frame 32 via a central nut, and each side lead screw is connected to an integrated fixing frame 32 via a side nut. By rotating the rotating handle, the lead screw assembly is rotated, which in turn moves the four integrated fixing frames 32, thereby achieving synchronous adjustment of the distance between the seeding unit 19 and the fertilizer ditching device 13 connected to the integrated fixing frame 32.

[0047] More specifically, the aforementioned lead screw assembly is divided into four sections, with the following helical directions and pitches from left to right: counterclockwise, counterclockwise, clockwise, clockwise, and double pitch, single pitch, single pitch, and double pitch, respectively. This allows the four integrated fixing brackets to adjust the row spacing while maintaining a consistent distance between the four fixing brackets, with the central axis as the reference.

[0048] Furthermore, it also includes a control system and an RTK radar positioning system. The RTK radar positioning system includes a GNSS antenna 14, which is symmetrically installed on both sides of the main beam 21. The GNSS antenna 14, the speed sensor, the fertilizer discharge drive motor 16, and the seed metering drive motor 18 are all connected to the control system. The control system adjusts the speed of the seed metering wheel 5 and the seed metering device according to the overall machine speed measured by the GNSS antenna 14 and the ground wheel speed sensor, so that the seed metering plant spacing and the unit fertilizer discharge amount are kept at the set values, thereby achieving precise adjustment of the plant spacing.

[0049] Specifically, the control system converts the measured motion positioning signal and the rotation speed signal measured by the speed sensor into the machine's moving speed. After setting the required plant spacing, it can adjust the speed of the seed dispensing drive motor and fertilizer dispensing drive motor in real time according to the moving speed, thereby achieving consistency between plant spacing and the amount of base fertilizer applied per unit area. Furthermore, the plant spacing adjustment system has three operating modes depending on different working conditions. When both signals are normal, the speed signals from the two measurement methods are combined for more accurate speed measurement. When the GPS signal is weak, the speed sensor takes precedence. When the working conditions are poor, and the press roller cannot maintain continuous contact with the ground or slips, the GPS signal takes precedence.

[0050] In this embodiment, the four-row ridge-planting fresh corn multi-functional integrated planter is mounted on the tractor chassis using a three-point suspension mechanism and moves by relying on the tractor's traction. Compared with traditional corn planters, the seed metering device and fertilizer metering device of the four-row ridge-planting fresh corn multi-functional integrated planter are driven by motors, and the speed signal comes from the speed sensor on the bladed press roller 31 and the satellite positioning signal from the GNSS antenna 14. The speed signal is more accurate. The fertilizer metering drive motor 16 and the seed metering drive motor 18 adjust the speed of the fertilizer metering device and the seed metering device according to the transmitted speed signal, so that the unit fertilizer metering amount and the unit seeding amount are basically constant, thereby making the fertilizer metering accuracy and seeding accuracy higher. At the same time, the use of motor drive greatly simplifies the complex mechanical transmission structure, and has the advantages of simpler structure, more compact structure and lighter weight than traditional mechanical transmission.

[0051] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the claims of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-functional integrated planter for four-row ridge-planting sweet corn, characterized in that, The device includes a main beam, a fertilizer discharge mechanism, a synchronous row spacing adjustment device, a sowing mechanism, a fertilizer discharge and ditching device, and a ridging and compaction device. The fertilizer discharge mechanism is connected to the upper side of the main beam, the synchronous row spacing adjustment device is connected to the main beam, the sowing mechanism is connected to the rear side of the synchronous row spacing adjustment device, the fertilizer discharge and ditching device is connected to the front side of the synchronous row spacing adjustment device, the fertilizer discharge mechanism is located above the fertilizer discharge and ditching device, and the ridging and compaction device is connected to the lower side of the main beam.

2. The multi-functional integrated planter for four-row fresh corn cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fertilizer discharge mechanism includes a fertilizer box and a fertilizer discharge device. The fertilizer box is connected to the main beam, and the fertilizer discharge device is located inside the fertilizer box.

3. The multi-functional integrated planter for four-row fresh corn cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sowing mechanism includes a sowing unit and a novel seed metering device with adjustable aperture connected to the sowing unit. The sowing unit is connected to the rear side of the synchronous row spacing adjustment device.

4. The multi-functional integrated planter for four-row fresh corn cultivation according to claim 3, characterized in that, The novel adjustable seed metering device includes a housing with a seed box connected to it. A seed inlet is located at the bottom of the seed box, and an inclined seed protection plate and a vertical seed limiting plate are connected to the seed inlet. A seed metering wheel is connected inside the housing, and a seed metering wheel, a first-stage brush, and a second-stage brush are connected inside the housing. The seed metering wheel has multiple shaped holes, and a seed protection belt is circumferentially located on the outer side of the seeding wheel. A seed quantity adjustment cam is located on the side of the seed metering wheel to adjust the depth of the shaped holes. A seed filling plate is connected to the seed metering wheel, and the seed filling plate and the housing together form a seed filling area with an opening facing the seed inlet. A seed metering device drive motor is connected to the seed metering wheel to drive its rotation.

5. The multi-functional integrated planter for four-row fresh corn cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ridging and compaction device includes a moldboard furrowing plow and a compaction roller. The moldboard furrowing plow is connected to both sides of the main beam and is used to turn the soil on the left and right sides toward the middle. The compaction roller is fixed to the main beam by a compaction roller height adjustment and contouring mechanism. The compaction roller has blades on its side.

6. The multi-functional integrated planter for four-row fresh corn cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The synchronous row spacing adjustment device includes a middle row spacing adjustment mechanism and a side row spacing adjustment mechanism connected to the main beam. The side row spacing adjustment mechanisms are located on both sides of the middle row spacing adjustment mechanism. Both the middle row spacing adjustment mechanism and the side row spacing adjustment mechanism are connected to at least one integrated fixing frame. The fertilizer drainage and ditching device is connected to the front side of the integrated fixing frame, and the sowing mechanism is connected to the rear side of the integrated fixing frame.

7. The multi-functional integrated planter for four-row fresh corn cultivation according to claim 6, characterized in that, The side row spacing adjustment mechanism is connected to the main beam via a side row spacing adjustment frame, and the middle row spacing adjustment mechanism is connected to the main beam via a middle row spacing adjustment frame.

8. The multi-functional integrated planter for four-row fresh corn cultivation according to claim 7, characterized in that, The central row spacing adjustment mechanism includes a central lead screw and a matching central nut, and the side row spacing adjustment mechanism includes a side lead screw and a matching side nut. The central lead screw is connected to the central row spacing adjustment frame via a lead screw support, and the side lead screw is connected to the side row spacing adjustment frame via a lead screw support. The central nut and the side nut are connected to the integrated fixing frame.

9. The multi-functional integrated planter for four-row fresh corn cultivation according to claim 8, characterized in that, The two ends of the central lead screw are respectively connected to the side lead screws through couplings to form a lead screw assembly. One end of the lead screw assembly is connected to a rotating handle. The side row spacing adjustment frame is provided with a side optical shaft. The side optical shaft passes through the integrated fixing frame and is connected to the side row spacing adjustment frame through an optical shaft locking ring. The central row spacing adjustment frame is provided with a central optical shaft. The central optical shaft passes through the integrated fixing frame and is connected to the central row spacing adjustment frame through an optical shaft locking ring.

10. The multi-functional integrated planter for four-row fresh corn cultivation according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a control system and an RTK radar positioning system. The RTK radar positioning system includes a GNSS antenna, which is symmetrically installed on both sides of the main beam. The fertilizer discharge mechanism also includes a fertilizer discharge drive motor. The ridging and compaction device also includes a speed sensor. The GNSS antenna, speed sensor, fertilizer discharge drive motor and seed metering drive motor are all connected to the control system.

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