Multifunctional small ditching, sowing and soil covering machine

Abstract

The specific structure of the multifunctional small-sized ditching, sowing and soil covering machine is shown in figure 1. The multifunctional small-sized ditching, sowing and soil covering machine is composed of a ditching assembly 1, a sowing assembly 2, a soil covering assembly 3, connecting rods 41 and 42 and connecting chains 51 and 52. The front end of the connecting rod is hinged to a round pipe of a rack 11 of the ditching assembly, and the rear end of the connecting rod is hinged to a shaft rod 27 of the seeding assembly and can be conveniently removed; the front end of the connecting chain is fixedly connected to the connecting rod, and the rear end of the connecting chain is fixedly connected to the soil covering assembly and can be conveniently removed; the soil covering assembly is located behind the seeding assembly, and the ditching assembly is located in front of the seeding assembly; a plurality of ditching teeth (13) on the ditching assembly are in one-to-one correspondence with seed metering devices (261) on a plurality of seeding pots on the seeding assembly and a plurality of U-shaped iron chains (47) on the seed covering assembly, the centers of the bottoms of the corresponding ditching teeth (133), the seed metering devices (261) and the U-shaped iron chains (47) are on the same straight line, and the straight line is parallel to the advancing direction of the seeding machine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The multi-functional small trenching, seeding, and soil-covering machine belongs to agricultural machinery, specifically a seeder. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, only large-scale integrated seeding, fertilizing, and soil-covering machines suitable for large-scale production and large fields in plains exist; there are no small-scale ditching, seeding, and soil-covering machines suitable for mountain terraces and small fields in plains. This invention provides a multi-functional small-scale ditching, seeding, and soil-covering machine that can be used by small-scale farmers, mountain terraces, and scattered small fields. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The specific structure of the multi-functional small trenching, seeding, and covering machine is as follows (see...) Figure 1 The device consists of a furrowing component 1, a sowing component 2, a soil covering component 3, connecting rods 41 and 42, and connecting chains 51 and 52. The front end of the connecting rod is hinged to the round tube of the support of the furrowing component 1, and the rear end is hinged to the shaft 27 of the sowing component 2, and can be easily removed. The front end of the connecting chain is fixed to the connecting rod, and the rear end is fixed to the soil covering component, and can be easily removed. The soil covering component is located behind the sowing component, and the furrowing component is located in front of the sowing component. Multiple furrowing teeth 13 on the furrowing component and seed metering devices 26 on multiple seeding containers of the sowing component... 1. The multiple U-shaped iron chains 47 on the seed covering component correspond one-to-one, and the tips 133 of the corresponding furrowing teeth 13, the seed outlet on the seed metering device, and the center of the bottom of the U-shaped iron chain are on a straight line, and the straight line is parallel to the forward direction of the seeder. When the seeder moves forward, the furrowing teeth dig into the soil and move forward, opening a V-shaped furrow. There are small mounds of soil on both sides of the furrow. The seeds falling from the seed outlet of the seed metering device fall exactly into the deepest part of the furrow. The U-shaped iron chain is located on the outside of the mounds of soil, scraping the soil on the small mounds of soil towards the center of the furrow, rolling into the furrow, and burying the seeds in the furrow.

[0004] Trenching components (see) Figure 2 The machine consists of a bracket 11, a groove depth adjustment rod 12, a groove tooth 13, and a pull rod 21. The pull rod consists of a handle 22, an upper sliding rod 17, a lower sliding rod 16, and a connector 14. The upper sliding rod is a hollow tube with a notch 23 at the lower end. Its inner diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the lower sliding rod. The lower sliding rod can be inserted into the upper sliding rod, and the insertion depth can be adjusted. The upper sliding rod is fastened to the lower sliding rod with a hose clamp (6) at the notch 23. The upper end of the pull rod is fixed to the handle 22, and the lower end is fixed to the connector 14. The connector is made of plastic. The connector is fitted onto the round tube on the frame and fastened at the opening 24 with a hose clamp (6) (because plastic is elastic). The groove tooth (13) is fastened to the round tube on the frame with a hose clamp (6). The upper part of the trench depth adjusting rod 12 is fixed to the round tube of the frame with double U-shaped pipe clamps 15, and the lower end is slidably sleeved on the sliding rod. The lower end is bound on both sides by hose clamps sleeved on the sliding rod to prevent it from sliding on both sides. A counterweight box 28 is also fixedly connected to the trenching assembly (see Figure 4 By loading stones or other heavy objects into the counterweight box, the weight of the trenching component can be increased, thereby increasing the downward pressure of the trenching teeth and ensuring that the trenching depth meets the requirements. The counterweight box is made of plastic injection molding and consists of a box 30 and a lid 31. The lid is hinged to the box, and there are interlocking latches on the two corners of the lid and the box (see the enlarged view of the lid latch 311, the enlarged view of the box latch 300, and the structural diagram of the counterweight box 288). The latch consists of a buckle 32, an anti-detachment block 33, and a triangular latch 34. The anti-detachment block 33 and the buckle 32 are located on the lid 31, and the triangular latch 34 is located on the box 30.

[0005] When closing the lid, press the lid firmly against the box (see the counterweight box structure diagram 288). The buckle 32 slides downward on the inclined surface of the triangular block 34. Due to the elasticity of the plastic parts, the buckle opens outward and rebounds when it slides to the bottom of the buckle (a clicking sound will be heard when it rebounds). It hooks under the triangular block, locking the lid and the box. When opening the lid, use your finger to forcefully push the buckle 32 outward (to the left) and then push it upward to open the lid. The anti-detachment block 33 can prevent the seeder from working. When the box is squeezed, the triangular block 34 moves to the left, detaching from the buckle 32 and causing the counterweight box lid to open accidentally.

[0006] Seeding components (see) Figure 3 It consists of wheels 25, a shaft 27, and a seeding container 26. The seeding container is fixed to the shaft with a hose clamp, and its position can be adjusted on the shaft. The seeding container is equipped with seed metering devices of various specifications 261, 262, and 263, each with a different purpose; the wheels are fixed to both ends of the shaft with hose clamps.

[0007] A female wheel 29 can be fitted onto the outer circumference of the wheel (see...) Figure 5 ), forming a mother-daughter wheel 42 (see Figure 6 This is used to increase the diameter of the wheel, thereby increasing the plant spacing and reducing the seeding rate. The mother wheel and the wheel are connected by a locking post 41, locking tongue holes 39 and 40, locking tongues 36 and 37, and locking hole 38. The end faces of locking tongues 36 and 37 are inclined surfaces towards the locking holes. When locking hole 38 is aligned with locking post 41 (see enlarged figures 43, 44, and 45), locking tongue 36 is aligned with locking tongue hole 39, and locking tongue 37 is aligned with locking tongue hole 40, and then pressed down, under the pressure of the inclined surfaces, due to the elasticity of the plastic, locking tongue holes 39 and 40 open to both sides, locking hole 38 moves downward and fits onto locking post 41, and locking tongues 36 and 37 extend into locking tongue holes 39 and 40 respectively to lock (at this time, a clicking sound will be heard from the collision of the locking tongues and locking tongue holes). This connects wheel 25 and mother wheel 29 to form mother-daughter wheel 42. When the locking tongue holes are opened to both sides with fingers and then pressed down, the mother wheel and the wheel are disengaged. Soil covering components (see) Figure 7 It consists of a straight rod 46 and a U-shaped chain 47, with multiple sets of U-shaped chains fixed to the straight rod with hose clamps;

[0008] 1. Adjustment of trench depth: The trench depth can be steplessly adjusted by adjusting the effective length of the trench depth adjusting rod. The method is as follows: Loosen the hose clamp 6 on the connector 14 (after loosening, the connector can rotate on the round tube), loosen the hose clamps on both sides of the lower end of the trench depth adjusting rod on the sliding rod (after loosening, the lower end of the adjusting rod can slide on both sides of the sliding rod), loosen the double U-shaped pipe clamp 15 (after loosening, the double U-shaped pipe clamp can rotate on the round tube of the support, and the trench depth adjusting rod can move up and down). Decreasing the distance between the double U-shaped pipe clamp and the sliding rod increases the angle between the pull rod and the trenching teeth, thus increasing the trench depth; conversely, decreasing the angle decreases the angle. After adjustment, tighten the relevant screws and hose clamps. Adjusting the length of the pull rod can fine-tune the trench depth: Loosen the hose clamp at the opening 23, adjust the length of the sliding rod inserted into the upper sliding rod, and then tighten the hose clamp. This changes the length of the pull rod. Increasing the length makes the trenching teeth steeper (i.e., the angle with the soil surface becomes larger), increasing the trench depth; conversely, decreasing the length decreases the trench depth. If the soil is compacted, the trenching teeth will not easily penetrate into the soil. This can be solved by adding weight using a counterweight box.

[0009] 2. Adjustment of sowing row spacing: Loosen the hose clamps that fix the furrow teeth, the seed dispenser, and the U-shaped chain to make adjustments. When adjusting, make sure that the tips of the furrow teeth, the seed outlet of the seed metering device, and the bottom center of the U-shaped chain are in a straight line and parallel to the direction of the seeder's movement.

[0010] 3. Sowing different crops: Loosen the hose clamp that fixes the seeding pot and replace it with the appropriate seeding pot and seed metering device.

[0011] 4. Adjusting plant spacing and seeding rate: Adding a mother wheel to the seed wheel can increase the plant spacing for hill sowing and decrease the seed density for row sowing, thereby adjusting the seeding rate per acre. Alternatively, the seeding rate and plant spacing can also be adjusted on the seed metering device. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a picture of a multi-functional small trenching, seeding, and soil-covering machine.

[0013] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the actual structure of the trenching component.

[0014] Figure 3 This is a picture of the actual seeding component.

[0015] Figure 4 This is a partial structural diagram of the trenching assembly containing the counterweight box.

[0016] Figure 5 This is a picture of the actual mother wheel.

[0017] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the actual structure of the male and female gears.

[0018] Figure 7 This is a picture of the actual soil covering component. Figure 1 In the middle: 1—Furrowing component 2—Sowing component 3—Soil covering component 13—Furrowing tooth 133—Furrowing tooth tip 41—Connecting rod one 42—Connecting rod two 47—Chain 51—Connecting chain one 52—Connecting chain two 261—Seed metering device one Figure 2 6—Hose clamp; 11—Frame; 12—Groove depth adjusting rod; 13—Groove tooth; 14—Connector; 15—Double U-shaped pipe clamp; 16—Slide rod; 17—Upper slide rod; 18—Partial enlarged view of the joint between the upper and lower slide rods; 19—Partial enlarged view of the area around the groove depth adjusting rod; 20—Partial enlarged view of the area around the connector; 21—Pull rod; 22—Handle; 23—Upper slide rod notch; 24—Connector notch Figure 3 In the middle: 25—Wheel 26—Seeding can 27—Shaft 261—Seed metering device one 262—Seed metering device two 263—Seed metering device three Figure 4 In the middle: 28—Counterweight box; 30—Box; 31—Lid; 32—Snap fastener; 33—Anti-detachment block; 34—Triangular locking block; 288—Counterweight box structural diagram; 300—Enlarged view of box and card; 311—Enlarged view of lid and card. Figure 5 Chinese: 29—Mother Wheel Figure 6 In the diagram: 25—Wheel; 29—Main Wheel; 36, 37—Latch; 38—Latch Hole; 39, 40—Latch Hole; 41—Latch Column; 42—Main and Daughter Wheels; 43—Latch Column and Latch Hole (enlarged view); 44—Latch Hole and Latch (enlarged view); 45—Wheel and Main Wheel Connection (enlarged view) Figure 7 In the middle: 46—Straight rod; 47—Iron chain; 51—Iron chain one; 52—Iron chain two. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The multi-functional small furrowing, seeding, and covering machine consists of a furrowing component, a seeding component, a covering component, a connecting rod, and a connecting chain. The front end of the connecting rod is hinged to the round tube of the furrowing component's frame, and the rear end is hinged to the shaft of the seeding component. The front end of the connecting chain is fixed to the connecting rod, and the rear end is fixed to the covering component. The covering component is located behind the seeding component, and the furrowing component is located in front of the seeding component. The four furrowing teeth on the furrowing component correspond one-to-one with the seed metering devices on the four seeding pots of the seeding component and the four U-shaped iron chains on the covering component. The tips of the corresponding furrowing teeth, the seed outlet of the seed metering device, and the center of the bottom of the U-shaped iron chain are on a straight line, and the straight line is parallel to the forward direction of the seeder.

[0020] The trenching assembly consists of a support frame, a trench depth adjustment rod, four trenching teeth spaced 23 cm apart, and a pull rod; the total length of the pull rod is adjustable to 1.3 meters (suitable for a person with a height of 1.67 meters).

[0021] Adjust the effective length of the furrow depth adjusting rod so that the rod is perpendicular to the furrow teeth. This angle of furrow depth is suitable for rice sowing.

[0022] The seeding assembly consists of wheels, shafts, and seeding containers. Rice and soybean strip seeders 261, rice hill seeders 262, and rapeseed strip seeders 263 are mounted on the seeding containers. The wheels are fixed to both ends of the shaft with hose clamps. The four seeding containers are evenly distributed on the shaft, with a distance of 23 cm between each pair, and are fixed with hose clamps. The soil covering assembly consists of a steel pipe with an outer diameter of 25 mm and U-shaped iron chains. Four sets of U-shaped iron chains are fixed to the straight rod with hose clamps, and the adjacent iron chains are 23 cm apart.

[0023] The trenching component can be used alone to create trenches in dry land, where crops such as garlic can be planted. By removing the connecting rod, installing the counterweight box, adjusting the distance between the trenching teeth (to adjust row spacing), and adjusting the length of the pull rod and the angle between the pull rod and the trenching teeth (to adjust trench depth), it can be used for other trenching operations.

[0024] The soil covering assembly can be used alone to cover sown seeds or applied fertilizer in dry land. Remove the connecting chain, adjust the weight and spacing of the chains (to adjust row spacing), and attach the lever for other soil covering operations.

[0025] The seeding assembly can be used independently. Remove the furrowing assembly and the soil covering assembly, attach the tie rod to the shaft of the seeding assembly (do not tighten the hose clamp at the opening 24 of the connector), or remove the connector 14 on the tie rod and fix the sliding rod to the connecting rod. It can then be used for seeding. This is suitable for seeding in scenarios where furrowing and soil covering are not required, such as seeding vegetables in a greenhouse.

[0026] This seeder has a simple structure and is easy to use. It can sow crops such as rice, soybeans, wheat, rapeseed, vegetables, and corn. It can complete furrowing, sowing, and covering in one go. The three components can also be used separately, making it a multi-purpose machine and a good helper for farmers.

Claims

1. A multi-functional small trenching, seeding, and covering machine, characterized by: It consists of a furrowing component, a sowing component, a soil covering component, a connecting rod, and a connecting chain. The front end of the connecting rod is hinged to the round tube of the support of the furrowing component, and the rear end is hinged to the shaft of the sowing component, and can be easily removed. The front end of the connecting chain is fixed to the connecting rod, and the rear end is fixed to the soil covering component, and can be easily removed. The soil covering component is located behind the sowing component, and the furrowing component is located in front of the sowing component. The multiple furrowing teeth on the furrowing component correspond one-to-one with the seed metering devices on the multiple seeding pots of the sowing component and the multiple U-shaped iron chains on the seed covering component. The tips of the corresponding furrowing teeth, the seed outlets on the seed metering devices, and the center of the bottom of the U-shaped iron chains are on a straight line, and the straight line is parallel to the forward direction of the seeder. The trenching assembly consists of a support frame, a trench depth adjustment rod, trenching teeth, and a pull rod. The pull rod comprises a handle, an upper sliding rod, a lower sliding rod, and a connector. The upper sliding rod is a hollow tube with a notch at its lower end. Its inner diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the lower sliding rod, allowing the lower sliding rod to be inserted into it to an adjustable depth. A hose clamp secures the upper sliding rod to the lower sliding rod at the notch. The upper end of the pull rod is fixed to the handle, and the lower end is fixed to the connector, which is injection molded from plastic. The connector fits onto a round tube on the frame and is secured at the opening with a hose clamp. The trenching teeth are secured to the round tube on the frame with hose clamps. The upper part of the trench depth adjustment rod is fixed to the round tube of the frame with double U-shaped pipe clamps, and the lower end is slidably sleeved on the lower slide rod. The lower end is restrained on both sides by hose clamps sleeved on the lower slide rod to prevent it from sliding on both sides. The seeding assembly consists of plastic wheels, a shaft, and a seeding container. The seeding container is equipped with seed metering devices of various sizes, each with a different purpose. The wheels are fixed to both ends of the shaft with hose clamps, and the seeding container is fitted onto the shaft and secured with hose clamps. The soil covering component consists of a straight rod and U-shaped chains, with multiple sets of U-shaped chains fixed to the straight rod with hose clamps.

2. A wheel as described in claim 1, characterized in that... There is also a replaceable plastic mother wheel on the outer circumference of the wheel, forming a mother-daughter wheel, which is used to increase the diameter of the wheel, thereby increasing the plant spacing and reducing the seeding rate; the mother wheel and the wheel are connected by a locking post, a locking tongue hole, a locking tongue, and a locking hole; the end face of the locking tongue is an inclined surface that slopes towards the locking hole.

3. A trenching component as described in claim 1, characterized in that... The trenching assembly is also fixed with a counterweight box, which is made of plastic injection molding and consists of a box and a lid. The lid is hinged to the box, and there are interlocking latches on the two corners of the lid and the box. The latches consist of a buckle, an anti-detachment block and a triangular locking block.

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