Hemodialysis wound protection device and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a hemodialysis wound protection device and a use method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of medical care equipment. The device comprises a bottom cover shell, a protection belt connected with a rotating shaft, a ratchet wheel adjusting mechanism, a catheter fixing frame, a buffer spring, a movable arm limiting assembly and an air bag hemostasis system. The protective belt tightens and fixes the wound through the rotating shaft, and the ratchet mechanism realizes one-way locking and rapid adjustment; the catheter fixing frame is matched with the buffer spring to form an anti-pulling buffer structure; the movable arm limiting assembly limits the moving angle of the arm; the air bag system achieves intelligent hemostasis through a pressure sensor and a micro air pump. The device integrates wound fixation, catheter protection and automatic hemostasis, stability of a dialysis pipeline is ensured through mechanical limiting and elastic buffering, precise hemostasis is achieved through closed-loop pressure control, the problems that a traditional fixing tool is uncomfortable in compression and tedious in hemostasis operation are solved, and safety and comfort of dialysis treatment are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of medical and nursing equipment technology, specifically relating to a wound protection device for hemodialysis and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Hemodialysis (HD) is one of the renal replacement therapies for patients with acute and chronic renal failure. During hemodialysis treatment, patients typically need to keep their puncture arm fixed in a specific position for an extended period to ensure unobstructed blood drainage and stability of the dialysis tubing. However, due to the long treatment time, auxiliary fixation tools or devices are used to keep the dialysis puncture wound stable during the procedure, preventing secondary injury caused by accidental movement or pulling. The dialysis tubing is usually secured to the patient's arm. After dialysis, wound protection is crucial. Because the arteriovenous fistula in hemodialysis is a junction of arteries and veins, it is prone to bleeding, requiring prolonged pressure application to the wound by the patient or healthcare personnel to stop the bleeding.

[0003] Currently, commonly used auxiliary fixation and hemostasis tools mainly include arm fixation braces, elastic bandages, adhesive tape, and post-dialysis tourniquets, hemostatic dressings, or manual finger pressure. Although these methods can achieve the basic goals of limb fixation, reducing tubing movement, and pressure hemostasis to a certain extent, they have significant shortcomings: prolonged use of fixation braces, elastic bandages, or adhesive tape can cause excessive pressure, affecting local blood circulation, and they are difficult to adjust at any time; their fixation effect is limited when the patient is active (such as drinking water or adjusting their sitting posture); manual hemostasis is still required after dialysis, which is time-consuming, laborious, and difficult to perform independently, usually requiring different tools to address the issue separately, lacking an integrated solution. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems mentioned above, this invention proposes a hemodialysis wound protection device and its usage method. This device can fix the dialysis tubing and the arm together during dialysis, and an adjustable protective strap is installed at the wound site to protect the wound during dialysis. It also counteracts the pulling effect on the catheter caused by small movements of the patient's arm and prevents large flexion and extension of the arm during dialysis. After dialysis, a balloon can be used to apply pressure to the wound for hemostasis and wound protection.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following solution:

[0006] A hemodialysis wound protection device includes a bottom cover, which is hollow inside and has a rotating shaft in the front-to-back direction installed in the center. The front and rear ends of the rotating shaft are respectively connected to the left and right ends of a protective belt. The left and right ends of the protective belt pass through the bottom cover to form an annular belt. By rotating the rotating shaft, the two ends of the protective belt can be tightened or loosened simultaneously. Tightening the protective belt can protect the dialysis wound. The front end of the rotating shaft passes through the bottom cover and is coaxially mounted with a ratchet and a knob. A movable pawl is slidably mounted on the bottom cover next to the ratchet through a groove. The movable pawl contacts the ratchet, causing the ratchet to rotate in one direction. The movable pawl is connected to the inside of the groove through a return spring. The return spring allows the movable pawl to control the ratchet to rotate in one direction and can slide the movable pawl to release the ratchet, making it easy to adjust the tightness of the protective belt at any time.

[0007] The bottom cover is symmetrically connected to the front end of the left and right sides with front and back fixed rods. The front end of the fixed rod is connected to an elastic cover. The upper part of the elastic cover is symmetrically connected to the left and right sides with a forearm fixing strap with Velcro, which can fix the elastic cover to the patient's arm. The two fixed rods are fitted with catheter fixing frames in front and back. The top of the catheter fixing frame is equipped with a U-shaped clip. The inner diameter of the U-shaped clip is smaller than that of the dialysis catheter, which can fix the dialysis catheter.

[0008] Each of the two catheter fixation frames is fitted with a buffer spring on the fixing rod between the two catheter fixation frames, and the two catheter fixation frames are connected to each other. The rear catheter fixation frame is fixed by a fixing ring, and the front catheter fixation frame can slide along the fixing rod. After the dialysis catheter is bent and fixed on the two catheter fixation frames at a certain arc, the buffer spring, together with the front catheter fixation frame, can form a buffer when the dialysis catheter is pulled. Only the dialysis catheter between the two catheter fixation frames will be pulled, preventing the catheter at the dialysis wound from becoming loose.

[0009] The bottom cover is symmetrically equipped with front movable arms on the left and right sides. The rear ends of the front movable arms are hinged to rear movable arms. The two rear movable arms are respectively connected to a left fixing strap and a right fixing strap. The left and right fixing straps are covered with Velcro. The patient's upper arm can be fixed to the rear movable arms through the left and right fixing straps. Limiting blocks and locking blocks are respectively installed on the outer side of the hinge of the front and rear movable arms. The limiting blocks are symmetrically fixed to the front movable arms with a 30° angle. The locking blocks are fixed to the rear movable arms and can be rotated by the rear movable arms. The limiting blocks and locking blocks cooperate to limit the angle of movement between the front and rear movable arms, thereby limiting the angle of movement of the patient's arm to within 30°, preventing the patient from bending the arm too much and affecting the dialysis process.

[0010] An airbag is installed on the inner side of the top of the protective belt, and a miniature air pump is installed inside the bottom cover to inflate the airbag. The airbag is inflated by the miniature air pump, and the expansion of the airbag provides stable pressure to stop bleeding at the dialysis wound.

[0011] Furthermore, an absorbent fiber layer is attached below the airbag on the inner side of the protective belt to absorb any blood seepage and prevent contamination.

[0012] The micro air pump is equipped with a control module, and a pressure sensor is embedded in the lower surface of the air bag. The pressure sensor can monitor the pressure on the lower surface of the air bag and transmit the signal to the control module to control the micro air pump. By setting the pressure threshold in advance, the micro air pump is started at the same time as the needle is pulled out after dialysis. After the air bag is inflated, it squeezes the wound to stop bleeding and stops inflation after reaching the appropriate pressure, thus realizing the integration of wound protection and wound hemostasis.

[0013] Furthermore, a first arc-shaped pad, made of breathable sponge, is installed on the top surface of the bottom cover, which can fit the patient's arm and prevent local pressure caused by prolonged fixation. A second arc-shaped pad, identical to the first arc-shaped pad, is installed on the top surface of the elastic cover.

[0014] Based on the above-mentioned hemodialysis wound protection device, the present invention also proposes a method of use, the steps of which are as follows:

[0015] Step 1: Put on and secure the device; First, attach the absorbent fiber layer to the inside of the protective band. Then, pass the patient's arm through the protective band and place it on the first arc-shaped pad of the bottom cover, aligning the dialysis incision with the airbag position inside the protective band. Turn the knob to tighten the protective band until it fits snugly against the arm without any pressure. Secure the left and right fixation straps around the upper arm, ensuring the movable arm is close to the arm. Use the forearm fixation strap above the elastic cover to secure the forearm to the second arc-shaped pad, ensuring there is no relative displacement between the arm and the device.

[0016] Step 2: Buffering and fixing the dialysis catheter; bend the dialysis catheter from the wound extension into an "S" shape and insert it into the U-shaped clamps of the two catheter fixation frames in sequence. Adjust the curvature of the catheter so that it remains stable with the buffer spring after bending. The catheter section between the two catheter fixation frames forms a buffer redundancy zone.

[0017] Step 3: Protection during dialysis; When the patient moves their arm slightly, the flexion angle of the arm is limited by the cooperation of the limiting block and the locking block to prevent excessive bending. If the catheter is accidentally pulled, the buffer spring pushes the front catheter fixation frame to slide, absorbing the pulling force only in the buffer redundancy area to avoid catheter displacement at the wound site. When it is necessary to adjust the tightness of the protective band: slide the movable claw to disengage from the ratchet, rotate the knob to adjust, and then reset the movable claw to lock.

[0018] Step 4: Automatic pressure hemostasis; After dialysis, remove the puncture needle and immediately start the control module. The micro air pump inflates the cuff, and the pressure sensor monitors the pressure in real time. When the cuff pressure reaches the preset threshold, the control module stops inflating and begins constant pressure hemostasis. After hemostasis is completed, manually slide the movable claw to release the protective band and disassemble the device.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0020] 1. Dynamic fixation and precise hemostasis are achieved through the linkage of the protective belt and the ratchet mechanism: When the rotating shaft drives the protective belt to tighten, the ratchet is locked in one direction by the movable claw to prevent loosening; during dialysis, the sliding movable claw can adjust the tightness at any time, avoiding the compression of limbs by traditional fixation tools; after dialysis, the micro air pump drives the airbag to inflate, and together with the pressure sensor on the lower surface of the airbag and the control module, a closed-loop pressure control is formed, so that the airbag can stably maintain the hemostatic pressure, realizing the integrated operation from fixation to hemostasis, solving the problems of time-consuming and laborious manual pressure and uneven pressure.

[0021] 2. Prevent catheter displacement at the wound site by using the synergistic effect of the catheter fixation frame and the buffer spring: After fixing the dialysis catheter in an "S" shape to the U-shaped clamp of the two catheter fixation frames, the rear catheter fixation frame is locked by the fixing ring, and the front catheter fixation frame can slide along the fixing rod; when the catheter is pulled by external force, the buffer spring pushes the front catheter fixation frame to slide, so that the pulling force only acts on the buffer redundancy area between the two catheter fixation frames, thus preventing the catheter from loosening at the wound site.

[0022] 3. The front and rear movable arms are connected by limiting blocks and locking blocks to restrict the arm flexion angle to 30°. When the patient moves with a small range of motion, the upper arm flexes and extends within the angle range, while the limiting blocks mechanically block the locking blocks to prevent excessive bending. At the same time, the first arc-shaped pad of the bottom cover and the second arc-shaped pad of the elastic cover disperse the contact pressure, reducing limb compression discomfort and lowering the risk of secondary injury while ensuring the stability of the dialysis tubing. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments are briefly introduced below.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the bottom cover portion of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the bottom cover in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the front part of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the rear part of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0029] The structural names represented by each number in the attached diagram are as follows:

[0030] 1-Bottom cover, 101-First arc-shaped pad, 102-Slide groove, 2-Rotating shaft, 201-Ratchet, 202-Knob, 3-Protective strap, 301-Absorbent fiber layer, 4-Moving claw, 401-Reset spring, 5-Airbag, 501-Miniature air pump, 502-Control module, 6-Fixing rod, 7-Elastic cover, 701-Second arc-shaped pad, 8-Forearm fixing strap, 9-Diameter tube fixing bracket, 901-U-shaped clamp, 10-Buffer spring, 11-Fixing ring, 12-Front movable arm, 1201-Limiting block, 13-Rear movable arm, 1301-Clamping block, 1302-Left fixing strap, 1303-Right fixing strap. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] See Figures 1 to 5 As shown in the figure, and based on the content of this specification, a specific embodiment of a hemodialysis wound protection device is proposed. The device includes a hollow bottom cover 1, with a rotating shaft 2 installed at its center in a front-to-back direction. The front and rear ends of the rotating shaft 2 are respectively connected to the left and right ends of a protective belt 3. The left and right ends of the protective belt 3 extend out of the bottom cover 1 to form an annular belt structure. The front end of the rotating shaft 2 extends out of the bottom cover 1 and is coaxially mounted with a ratchet 201 and a knob 202. A groove 102 is provided on the side of the bottom cover 1 near the ratchet 201, and a movable claw 4 is slidably installed within the groove 102. The movable claw 4 engages with the ratchet 201 to achieve unidirectional rotation locking. The movable claw 4 is connected to the inside of the groove 102 by a return spring 401. Sliding the movable claw 4 can release the ratchet 201 from locking to adjust the tension of the protective belt 3.

[0034] The bottom cover 1 is symmetrically connected to the front end of the fixing rods 6, and the front end of the fixing rods 6 is fixed to the elastic cover 7. Above the elastic cover 7 is a forearm fixation strap 8 with Velcro, used to fix the patient's forearm. Two catheter fixation frames 9 are sleeved on the two fixing rods 6, arranged one in front of the other. The top of the catheter fixation frame 9 is equipped with a U-shaped clip 901, the inner diameter of which is smaller than the diameter of the dialysis catheter to clamp and fix the catheter. A buffer spring 10 is sleeved on the fixing rod 6 between the two catheter fixation frames 9, with each end of the buffer spring 10 connected to one of the two catheter fixation frames 9. The rear catheter fixation frame 9 is locked in place by a fixing ring 11, while the front catheter fixation frame 9 can slide along the fixing rod 6, forming a catheter buffer redundancy zone.

[0035] The bottom cover 1 has symmetrical hinged front movable arms 12 on both sides. The rear end of the front movable arms 12 is hinged to the rear movable arm 13. The rear movable arm 13 is connected to the left fixing strap 1302 and the right fixing strap 1303 with Velcro, which are used to fix the upper arm. Limiting blocks 1201 and locking blocks 1301 are respectively fixed to the outer side of the hinge joint between the front movable arms 12 and the rear movable arms 13. The limiting blocks 1201 are symmetrically arranged vertically and vertically with a 30-degree included angle gap. The locking blocks 1301 can rotate with the rear movable arm 13. The two work together to limit the flexion angle of the arm to no more than 30 degrees, preventing excessive movement from affecting dialysis.

[0036] An airbag 5 is bonded to the inner top of the protective band 3, with a pressure sensor embedded in its lower surface. A miniature air pump 501 and a control module 502 are installed inside the bottom cover 1. The pressure sensor monitors the pressure of the airbag 5 in real time and feeds back to the control module 502 to control the start and stop of the miniature air pump 501 in a closed loop. An absorbent fiber layer 301 is attached to the lower inner side of the protective band 3 to absorb blood seepage. A first arc-shaped pad 101 is installed on the top of the bottom cover 1, and a second arc-shaped pad 701 is installed on the top of the elastic cover 7. Both are made of medical-grade breathable sponge material to reduce limb pressure and discomfort.

[0037] When using this device, first attach the absorbent fiber layer 301 to the inside of the protective band 3. Place the patient's arm through the protective band 3 onto the first arc-shaped pad 101, aligning the dialysis incision with the balloon 5. Tighten the protective band 3 by turning the knob 202 until it fits snugly without pressure. The ratchet 201 is locked by the movable claw 4 to prevent loosening. The left and right fixing bands 1302 and 1303 are wrapped around the upper arm for fixation, and the forearm fixing band 8 fixes the forearm to the second arc-shaped pad 701. After the dialysis catheter bends in an "S" shape, it is inserted into the U-shaped clamp 901 of the two catheter fixation frames 9. The buffer spring 10 maintains the stability of the catheter's curvature, forming a buffer redundancy zone. When the patient's arm moves during dialysis, the limiting block 1201 and the locking block 1301 work together to limit the flexion angle to no more than 30 degrees. If the catheter is accidentally pulled, the buffer spring 10 pushes the front catheter fixation frame 9 to slide and absorb the external force, preventing the catheter from shifting at the incision site. When the tension of the protective band 3 needs to be adjusted, the sliding claw 4 disengages from the ratchet 201, and the knob 202 is rotated to adjust and then reset and lock. After dialysis, the puncture needle is removed, and the control module 502 is immediately started. The micro air pump 501 inflates the air bag 5. When the pressure sensor detects that the pressure reaches the preset threshold, inflation stops. The air bag 5 maintains constant pressure for hemostasis. After hemostasis is completed, the sliding claw 4 releases the protective band 3 and the device is disassembled.

[0038] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and variations can be made to the above embodiments without departing from the principles of the present invention, and all such modifications and variations should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wound protection device for hemodialysis, characterized in that: The device includes a bottom cover (1), which is hollow inside and has a rotating shaft (2) in the center in the front-to-back direction. The front and rear ends of the rotating shaft (2) are respectively connected to the left and right ends of a protective belt (3). The left and right ends of the protective belt (3) pass through the bottom cover (1) to form an annular belt. The front end of the rotating shaft (2) passes through the bottom cover (1) and is coaxially mounted with a ratchet (201) and a knob (202). A movable claw (4) is slidably mounted on the bottom cover (1) on the side of the ratchet (201) through a slide groove (102). The movable claw (4) contacts the ratchet (201) to make the ratchet (201) rotate in one direction. The movable claw (4) is connected to the inner side of the slide groove (102) through a return spring (401). The front end of the bottom cover (1) is symmetrically connected with a fixed rod (6) in the front-to-back direction. The front end of the fixed rod (6) is connected to an elastic cover (7). A forearm with Velcro is provided above the elastic cover (7). Fixing strap (8); two catheter fixing brackets (9) are sleeved on the front and back of the two fixing rods (6), and the top of the catheter fixing bracket (9) is provided with a U-shaped clip (901), the inner diameter of the U-shaped clip (901) is smaller than the diameter of the dialysis catheter; the bottom cover (1) is symmetrically hinged to the left and right sides of the front movable arm (12), the rear end of the front movable arm (12) is hinged to the rear movable arm (13), and the rear movable arm (13) is connected to the left fixing strap (1302) and the right fixing strap (1302) with Velcro. 1303); The front movable arm (12) and the rear movable arm (13) are respectively provided with a limiting block (1201) and a locking block (1301) on the outside of the hinge. The limiting block (1201) is fixed to the front movable arm (12) and leaves an angle gap. The locking block (1301) is fixed to the rear movable arm (13). The top inner side of the protective belt (3) is provided with an airbag (5). The bottom cover (1) is equipped with a miniature air pump (501) for inflating the airbag (5).

2. The hemodialysis wound protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The micro air pump (501) is connected to the control module (502). A pressure sensor is embedded in the lower surface of the airbag (5). The pressure sensor monitors the pressure signal and transmits it to the controller to control the micro air pump (501) to start and stop.

3. The hemodialysis wound protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A buffer spring (10) is sleeved on the fixing rod (6) between the two conduit fixing frames (9), and the two ends of the buffer spring (10) are respectively connected to the two conduit fixing frames (9); the conduit fixing frame (9) at the rear is fixed by a fixing ring (11), and the conduit fixing frame (9) at the front can slide along the fixing rod (6).

4. The hemodialysis wound protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An absorbent fiber layer (301) is attached to the lower inner side of the protective strip (3).

5. The hemodialysis wound protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the bottom cover (1) is equipped with a first arc-shaped pad (101), and the top of the elastic cover (7) is equipped with a second arc-shaped pad (701). Both the first arc-shaped pad (101) and the second arc-shaped pad (701) are made of breathable sponge material.

6. The hemodialysis wound protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the limiting block (1201) and the locking block (1301) cooperate, the locking block (1301) can rotate at an angle of 30°, so that the range of motion of the front movable arm (12) and the rear movable arm (13) is fixed after they are hinged.

7. The method of using the hemodialysis wound protection device according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Wear and fix the device. First, attach the absorbent fiber layer (301) to the inside of the protective belt (3). Then, pass the patient's arm through the protective belt (3) and place it on the first arc-shaped pad (101) of the bottom cover (1). Align the dialysis incision with the airbag (5) inside the protective belt (3). Turn the knob (202) to tighten the protective belt (3). Wrap the left fixation belt (1302) and the right fixation belt (1303) around the upper arm and fix it. Use the forearm fixation belt (8) above the elastic cover (7) to fix the forearm to the second arc-shaped pad (701). S2: dialysis catheter buffer fixation. The dialysis catheter is bent in an "S" shape from the extension of the wound and inserted into the U-shaped clamps (901) of the two catheter fixation frames (9) in sequence. The curvature of the catheter is adjusted so that it remains stable between the bent catheter and the buffer spring (10). S3: Protection during dialysis. When the patient moves their arm slightly, the flexion angle of the arm is limited by the cooperation of the limiting block (1201) and the locking block (1301) to prevent excessive bending. If the catheter is accidentally pulled, the buffer spring (10) pushes the front catheter fixation frame (9) to slide. When the tightness of the protective belt (3) needs to be adjusted, the sliding claw (4) disengages from the ratchet (201). After adjusting by rotating the knob (202), the sliding claw (4) is reset and locked. S4: After dialysis, remove the puncture needle and immediately start the control module (502). The micro air pump (501) inflates the air bag (5). The pressure sensor monitors the pressure in real time. When the pressure of the air bag (5) reaches the preset threshold, the control module (502) stops inflating. After hemostasis, manually slide the movable claw (4) to release the protective belt (3) and disassemble the device.

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