Plant growth promoting agent for rapidly promoting colonization and growth of common plants for slope restoration based on moss leaching liquor and preparation and application methods of plant growth promoting agent for rapidly promoting colonization and growth of common plants for slope restoration based on moss leaching liquor

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ecological restoration, and discloses a moss extract-based plant growth promoting agent for rapidly promoting colonization and growth of common plants for slope restoration and a preparation and application method thereof.The moss extract is used for extracting the moss extract, and a plant growth regulator, humic acid and a nutrient solution of the moss extract are combined to prepare the plant growth promoting agent; the method is applied to plant growth improvement and slope restoration, the technology is remarkable in environmental friendliness, has no pollution risk to soil and water, and can remarkably improve the seed germination rate, promote root development and enhance the stress resistance of seedlings. The moss collection and large-scale breeding cost is low, the moss serves as a pioneer plant, the physicochemical property of barren soil can be gradually improved through organic acid secretion and the water retention effect, and conditions can be created for follow-up vegetation recovery through the technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of slope reinforcement and ecological restoration technology, specifically to a plant growth promoter based on moss extract that rapidly promotes the colonization and growth of common plants used in slope restoration, and its preparation and application methods. Background Technology

[0002] Slope ecological restoration is a crucial aspect of soil and water conservation and vegetation recovery, and seed germination and seedling growth quality directly impact restoration effectiveness. Traditional slope restoration techniques largely rely on physical soil stabilization or chemical agents to promote growth, which suffer from high costs and low ecological compatibility. In recent years, the application of plant-derived bioactive substances has gradually gained attention, offering new insights into ecological restoration due to their natural and environmentally friendly characteristics. However, current research on bryophyte extracts has primarily focused on agricultural applications, and their potential for use in slope restoration has not yet been fully explored.

[0003] Currently, low germination rates and insufficient seedling resilience remain technical bottlenecks in slope restoration. Traditional chemical growth promoters, such as gibberellin, are costly and prone to soil pollution, while physical mulching methods struggle to maintain soil stability in the long term. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a green germination-promoting technology based on natural substances.

[0004] In recent years, bryophytes have attracted attention due to their unique ecological functions: as pioneer species, bryophytes can anchor themselves in the substrate and retain water through rhizoids, and secrete organic acids, polysaccharides, and plant growth regulators such as cytokinins and gibberellin analogs, significantly improving microhabitat conditions. Studies have shown that bryophyte extracts have significant bidirectional regulatory effects on seed germination and seedling growth. Bryophyte metabolites can activate endogenous seed germination signaling pathways and enhance the activity of stress-resistant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), thereby improving the germination potential of seeds under stress. However, existing research mainly focuses on the physical effects of direct bryophyte cover, such as the "Highly Stable Bryophyte Spraying Method for Rapid Greening of Bare Slopes" (application number CN202510250676.4), which directly prepares bryophyte into a bryophyte substrate and then sprays it. A systematic method for the targeted extraction and cross-species synergistic application of its water-soluble active components has not yet been developed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a plant growth promoter based on moss extract that rapidly promotes the colonization and growth of common plants in slope restoration, as well as its preparation and application methods. Based on the bioactivity characteristics of moss extract and combined with the growth requirements of slope plants, this invention proposes a growth promoter and a seed pretreatment scheme for slope restoration plants for the first time by screening efficient moss species and optimizing extract concentration and treatment methods. It aims to overcome the limitations of existing technologies and improve restoration efficiency and ecological sustainability.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A plant growth promoter based on moss extract for rapidly promoting the colonization and growth of common plants in slope restoration comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 350-500 parts of moss extract, 2-8 parts of plant growth regulator, 15-30 parts of humic acid, and 40-60 parts of nutrient solution.

[0007] Preferably, the plant growth regulator comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-4 parts naphthaleneacetic acid, 18-20 parts gibberellin, and 4-6 parts indolebutyric acid.

[0008] Preferably, the nutrient solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-35 parts MS nutrient solution, 12-18 parts Knop nutrient solution, and 38-50 parts Hoaglang nutrient solution.

[0009] The preparation method of the plant growth promoter described above includes the following steps: S1. Moss pretreatment: Collect fresh moss gametophytes, remove impurities, rinse with distilled water, place in a cool and ventilated place to air dry naturally, place the air-dried moss fragments in a 40℃ constant temperature drying oven to dry, and place the dried moss fragments in a plant pulverizer to pulverize into powder. S2. Preparation of moss extract: Take 10-300 parts by weight of moss gametophyte powder, add 10 times the volume of distilled water and mix. Soak in a 70℃ constant temperature water bath for 24 hours. After centrifugation at 5000 r / min for 10 min, take the supernatant, filter it through a 0.22 μm filter membrane for sterilization, and concentrate it to half the volume in a 70℃ constant temperature water bath to obtain fresh moss extract. S3. Preparation of plant growth promoter: Mix moss extract, plant growth regulator, humic acid and nutrient solution evenly and stir for more than 30 minutes to obtain plant growth promoter.

[0010] Preferably, the moss fragments placed in the plant shredder in S1 are a composition of at least two moss species.

[0011] More preferably, the moss species include: *Calamus spp.*, ... and *Calamus spp.*

[0012] As described above, the plant growth promoter is used after being diluted 2.5 to 40 times.

[0013] Preferably, when applied to promote the colonization and growth of plant seedlings, the method includes the following steps: S1. Seed pretreatment: Soak the seeds of plants used for slope restoration in 1% NaClO solution for 10 minutes for disinfection, wash them 3 times with distilled water, and air dry for later use. S2. Seedling establishment and growth: Place two sheets of filter paper at the bottom of the petri dish. Select 20-50 uniform, healthy, and plump seeds and place them at equal intervals in each petri dish. Add 1-5 ml of diluted plant growth promoter to each petri dish, ensuring that the filter paper is moistened and there is no excess liquid around it. Place the petri dishes in an intelligent artificial climate chamber. During seed germination and seedling growth, replenish the plant growth promoter in a timely manner and keep the filter paper moist.

[0014] Preferably, when applied to promote plant colonization and growth, the method includes the following steps: S1. Seed pretreatment: Soak the seeds of plants used for slope restoration in 1% NaClO solution for 10 minutes for disinfection, wash them 3 times with distilled water, and air dry for later use. S2. Plant establishment and growth: Fill a plastic planting pot with 1000g of planting soil. Select 20-50 uniform, healthy and plump seeds and sow them at equal intervals in the planting pot. Sprinkle a thin layer of soil evenly on the seeds. Apply 10-40ml of diluted plant growth promoter to each pot of plants every week. Water the rest of the time.

[0015] Preferably, when applied to slope ecological restoration projects, the method includes the following steps: mixing the diluted plant growth promoter into the irrigation water of the sprinkler system.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. This method is based on the bioactivity characteristics of moss and is significantly environmentally friendly. The moss extract is derived from the plant itself and does not contain any chemically synthesized substances. It poses no risk of pollution to soil and water bodies and meets the sustainable development needs of ecological restoration. Compared with traditional chemical germination promoters, such as gibberellin, this technology avoids potential negative impacts on the environment and is especially suitable for ecologically sensitive areas, such as high-altitude mountains and water source protection areas. 2. The polysaccharides and endogenous hormones, such as cytokinins, in moss extracts significantly improve seed germination rates, promote root development, and enhance seedling resistance. Furthermore, moss is widely distributed in the natural environment, making collection and large-scale propagation relatively inexpensive.

[0017] 3. As pioneer plants, mosses can gradually improve the physical and chemical properties of barren soil by secreting organic acids and retaining water. Using moss extract can create conditions for subsequent vegetation restoration. Detailed Implementation

[0018] As a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a plant growth promoter based on moss extract that rapidly promotes the colonization and growth of common plants used in slope restoration, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 350-500 parts of moss extract, 2-8 parts of plant growth regulator, 15-30 parts of humic acid, and 40-60 parts of nutrient solution.

[0019] Preferably, the plant growth regulator comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-4 parts naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 18-20 parts gibberellin, and 4-6 parts indolebutyric acid (IBA). The source is not specifically limited; commercially available qualified products are acceptable. NAA can promote adventitious root formation, induce rapid rooting, and improve survival rate; it also enhances root vitality, promotes the development of lateral and capillary roots, and helps plants quickly adapt to new environments. IBA effectively induces rooting, promotes the development of lateral and adventitious roots, and reduces the risk of root rot. Gibberellin (GA) activates genes related to cell division and elongation, breaks dormancy, and promotes stem and leaf growth. It also accelerates stem elongation, helps plants quickly unfold leaves, and enhances photosynthesis. The addition of this plant growth regulator can play a crucial role in plant colonization and subsequent growth by influencing the physiological and biochemical processes of the plant. Plant growth regulators can induce the formation of adventitious and lateral roots at the base of seedlings, expand the absorption area, and enhance the colonization capacity; at the same time, they can regulate the growth of stems and leaves, enhance environmental adaptability, improve stress resistance, and alleviate colonization stress.

[0020] Preferably, the nutrient solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-35 parts MS nutrient solution, 12-18 parts Knop nutrient solution, and 38-50 parts Hoagland nutrient solution. The source is not specifically limited; commercially available qualified products are acceptable. MS nutrient solution promotes cell division and stimulates rapid cell proliferation; Knop nutrient solution provides plants with the macroelements (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S) necessary for growth, ensuring basic metabolic activities; Hoagland nutrient solution provides plants with a balanced nutrient supply, promoting root development, enhancing photosynthesis, supporting reproductive growth, and increasing stress resistance. By precisely supplying essential elements and regulating composition, the nutrient solution optimizes plant growth and enhances stress resistance, significantly improving plant yield and quality.

[0021] The preparation method of the plant growth promoter described above includes the following steps: S1. Moss pretreatment: Collect fresh moss gametophytes, remove impurities, rinse with distilled water, place in a cool and ventilated place to air dry naturally, place the air-dried moss fragments in a 40℃ constant temperature drying oven to dry, and place the dried moss fragments in a plant pulverizer to pulverize into powder. S2. Preparation of moss extract: Take 10-300 parts by weight of moss gametophyte powder, add 10 times the volume of distilled water and mix. Soak in a 70℃ constant temperature water bath for 24 hours. After centrifugation at 5000 r / min for 10 min, take the supernatant, filter it through a 0.22 μm filter membrane for sterilization, and concentrate it to half the volume in a 70℃ constant temperature water bath to obtain fresh moss extract. S3. Preparation of plant growth promoter: Mix moss extract, plant growth regulator, humic acid and nutrient solution evenly and stir for more than 30 minutes to obtain plant growth promoter.

[0022] Preferably, the moss fragments placed in the plant shredder in S1 are a composition of at least two moss species.

[0023] More preferably, the moss species include: *Calamus spp.*, ... and *Calamus spp.*

[0024] The sources of the mosses, including *Hymenochloa crus-galli*, *Hymenochloa gracilis*, *Hymenochloa macrophylla*, *Hymenochloa pubescens ... and *Hymenochloa pubescens*, are not specifically limited. They can be obtained from wild collection and artificial cultivation, or purchased commercially. Preferably, the sources of *Hymenochloa crus-galli*, *Hymenochloa gracilis*, *Hymenochloa pubescens*, *Hymenochloa pubescens*, *Hymenochloa pubescens*, *Hymenochloa pubescens*, and *Hymenochloa pubescens* are artificially cultivated, including: collecting the required mosses from the wild, cultivating the mosses in an artificial climate chamber using the stem-cutting method, and collecting them after their growth cover has stabilized, and then placing them in a cool, ventilated place to air dry naturally.

[0025] As described above, the plant growth promoter is used after being diluted 2.5 to 40 times.

[0026] Preferably, when applied to promote the colonization and growth of plant seedlings, the method includes the following steps: S1. Seed pretreatment: Soak the seeds of plants used for slope restoration in 1% NaClO solution for 10 minutes for disinfection, wash them 3 times with distilled water, and air dry for later use. S2. Seedling establishment and growth: Place two sheets of filter paper at the bottom of the petri dish. Select 20-50 uniform, healthy, and plump seeds and place them at equal intervals in each petri dish. Add 1-5 ml of diluted plant growth promoter to each petri dish, ensuring that the filter paper is moistened and there is no excess liquid around it. Place the petri dishes in an intelligent artificial climate chamber. During seed germination and seedling growth, replenish the plant growth promoter in a timely manner and keep the filter paper moist.

[0027] Preferably, when applied to promote plant colonization and growth, the method includes the following steps: S1. Seed pretreatment: Soak the seeds of plants used for slope restoration in 1% NaClO solution for 10 minutes for disinfection, wash them 3 times with distilled water, and air dry for later use. S2. Plant establishment and growth: Fill a plastic planting pot with 1000g of planting soil. Select 20-50 uniform, healthy and plump seeds and sow them at equal intervals in the planting pot. Sprinkle a thin layer of soil evenly on the seeds. Apply 10-40ml of diluted plant growth promoter to each pot of plants every week. Water the rest of the time.

[0028] The plant seeds mentioned are common grass, shrub, and vine seeds used in slope ecological restoration. They are clean seeds, not coated seeds, and their source is not specifically limited; commercially available qualified products are acceptable. Preferred ecological restoration plant seeds in this invention include bermudagrass, ryegrass, tall fescue, alfalfa, sorrel, wild chrysanthemum, kudzu, vitex, indigofera, sumac, and amorpha, used in combination of one or more varieties.

[0029] Preferably, when applied to slope ecological restoration projects, the method includes the following steps: mixing the diluted plant growth promoter into the irrigation water of the sprinkler system.

[0030] Based on the above preferred embodiments, the following implementation examples are proposed to demonstrate the technical effects.

[0031] Example 1: Collect fresh moss gametophytes of *Bryum macrocephalum* and *Bryum floribundum*, remove impurities, rinse with distilled water, and place in a cool, ventilated place to air dry naturally. Place the air-dried moss fragments in a 40℃ constant temperature drying oven to dry, and then place the dried moss fragments into powder using a plant pulverizer.

[0032] Take 10g of gametophyte powder from a mixture of *Bryum macrocephalum* and *Bryum lataniae* and add 10 times its volume of distilled water. Extract in a 70℃ water bath for 24 hours. After centrifugation at 5000 rpm for 10 minutes, collect the supernatant, sterilize it through a 0.22μm filter membrane, and concentrate it to a certain volume in a 70℃ water bath to obtain the fresh moss extract.

[0033] Mix 450 parts by weight of moss extract, 4 parts by weight of plant growth regulator, 15 parts by weight of humic acid, and 60 parts by weight of nutrient solution and stir for 35 minutes to obtain a plant growth promoter.

[0034] The plant growth regulator components are formulated as follows by mass: 2 parts naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 20 parts gibberellin (GA), and 5 parts indolebutyric acid (IBA); the nutrient solution components are formulated as follows by mass: 30 parts MS nutrient solution, 18 parts Knop nutrient solution, and 42 parts Hoaglang nutrient solution. Application of plant growth promoters to promote seedling establishment and growth: Soak seeds of commonly used plants for slope restoration in a 1% NaClO solution for 10 minutes for disinfection, wash three times with distilled water, and air dry. Place two appropriately sized filter papers at the bottom of a petri dish, and select 20-50 uniformly sized, healthy, and plump seeds, placing them evenly spaced in each dish. Dilute the plant growth promoter 2.5-40 times and add 1-5 ml to each petri dish, just enough to moisten the filter paper without excess liquid around the edges. Place the petri dishes in an intelligent artificial climate chamber. During seed germination and seedling growth, replenish the plant growth promoter as needed, keeping the filter paper moist.

[0035] Application of plant growth promoters to promote plant colonization and growth: Soak seeds of commonly used plants for slope restoration in a 1% NaClO solution for 10 minutes for disinfection, wash three times with distilled water, and air dry for later use; fill 1000g of planting soil into a planting plastic pot; select 20-50 uniform-sized, healthy, and plump seeds and sow them at equal intervals in the planting pot, and evenly sprinkle a thin layer of soil on the seeds. Dilute the plant growth promoter 2.5-40 times, and water each pot of plants with 10-40ml of the plant growth promoter every week, and perform normal watering management at other times.

[0036] Example 2: Collect fresh gametophytes of *Bryophytum comosum*, *Bryophytum glomeratum*, and *Bryophytum gracilis*, remove impurities, rinse with distilled water, and place in a cool, ventilated place to air dry naturally. Place the air-dried moss fragments in a 40℃ constant temperature drying oven to dry, and then place the dried moss fragments into a plant pulverizer to grind them into powder.

[0037] Take 10g of mixed moss gametophyte powder of *Bryophytum macrocarpa*, *Bryophytum pulcherrimum*, and *Bryophytum comosum*, add 10 times the volume of distilled water, and extract in a 70℃ water bath for 24h. After centrifugation at 5000r / min for 10min, collect the supernatant, sterilize it through a 0.22μm filter membrane, and concentrate it to a certain volume in a 70℃ water bath to obtain the fresh moss extract.

[0038] Mix 500 parts by weight of moss extract, 6 parts by weight of plant growth regulator, 18 parts by weight of humic acid, and 42 parts by weight of nutrient solution and stir for 35 minutes to obtain a plant growth promoter.

[0039] The plant growth regulator components are formulated as follows by mass: 1 part naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 18 parts gibberellin (GA), and 4 parts indolebutyric acid (IBA); the nutrient solution components are formulated as follows by mass: 34 parts MS nutrient solution, 12 parts Knop nutrient solution, and 50 parts Hoaglang nutrient solution. Application of plant growth promoters to promote seedling establishment and growth: Soak seeds of commonly used plants for slope restoration in a 1% NaClO solution for 10 minutes for disinfection, wash three times with distilled water, and air dry. Place two appropriately sized filter papers at the bottom of a petri dish, and select 20-50 uniformly sized, healthy, and plump seeds, placing them evenly spaced in each dish. Dilute the plant growth promoter 2.5-40 times and add 1-5 ml to each petri dish, just enough to moisten the filter paper without excess liquid around the edges. Place the petri dishes in an intelligent artificial climate chamber. During seed germination and seedling growth, replenish the plant growth promoter as needed, keeping the filter paper moist.

[0040] Application of plant growth promoters to promote plant colonization and growth: Soak seeds of commonly used plants for slope restoration in a 1% NaClO solution for 10 minutes for disinfection, wash three times with distilled water, and air dry for later use; fill 1000g of planting soil into a planting plastic pot; select 20-50 uniform-sized, healthy, and plump seeds and sow them at equal intervals in the planting pot, and evenly sprinkle a thin layer of soil on the seeds. Dilute the plant growth promoter 2.5-40 times, and water each pot of plants with 10-40ml of the plant growth promoter every week, and perform normal watering management at other times.

[0041] Example 3: Collect fresh moss gametophytes of *Moss sphagnum*, *Moss sphagnum*, and *Moss macrocarpa*, remove impurities, rinse with distilled water, and place in a cool, ventilated place to air dry naturally. Place the air-dried moss fragments in a 40℃ constant temperature drying oven to dry, and then place the dried moss fragments into powder using a plant pulverizer.

[0042] Take 10g of mixed moss gametophyte powder of *Moss sphagnum*, *Sphagnum peat*, and *Moss macrocarpa*, add 10 times its volume of distilled water, and extract in a 70℃ water bath for 24 hours. After centrifugation at 5000 rpm for 10 minutes, collect the supernatant, sterilize it through a 0.22μm filter membrane, and concentrate it to a certain volume in a 70℃ water bath to obtain the fresh moss extract.

[0043] Mix 380 parts by weight of moss extract, 4 parts by weight of plant growth regulator, 24 parts by weight of humic acid, and 48 parts by weight of nutrient solution and stir for 35 minutes to obtain a plant growth promoter.

[0044] The plant growth regulator components are formulated as follows by mass: 4 parts naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 18 parts gibberellin (GA), and 5 parts indolebutyric acid (IBA); the nutrient solution components are formulated as follows by mass: 22 parts MS nutrient solution, 15 parts Knop nutrient solution, and 46 parts Hoaglang nutrient solution. Application of plant growth promoters to promote seedling establishment and growth: Soak seeds of commonly used plants for slope restoration in a 1% NaClO solution for 10 minutes for disinfection, wash three times with distilled water, and air dry. Place two appropriately sized filter papers at the bottom of a petri dish, and select 20-50 uniformly sized, healthy, and plump seeds, placing them evenly spaced in each dish. Dilute the plant growth promoter 2.5-40 times and add 1-5 ml to each petri dish, just enough to moisten the filter paper without excess liquid around the edges. Place the petri dishes in an intelligent artificial climate chamber. During seed germination and seedling growth, replenish the plant growth promoter as needed, keeping the filter paper moist.

[0045] Application of plant growth promoters to promote plant colonization and growth: Soak seeds of commonly used plants for slope restoration in a 1% NaClO solution for 10 minutes for disinfection, wash three times with distilled water, and air dry for later use; fill 1000g of planting soil into a planting plastic pot; select 20-50 uniform-sized, healthy, and plump seeds and sow them at equal intervals in the planting pot, and evenly sprinkle a thin layer of soil on the seeds. Dilute the plant growth promoter 2.5-40 times, and water each pot of plants with 10-40ml of the plant growth promoter every week, and perform normal watering management at other times.

[0046] Comparative Example 1: The steps are the same as in Example 3, except that the plant growth promoter is replaced with distilled water.

[0047] Comparative Example 2: The steps are the same as in Example 3, except that no plant growth regulators are added.

[0048] Comparative Example 3: The steps are the same as in Example 3, except that no nutrient solution is added.

[0049] Comparative Example 4: The steps are the same as in Example 3, except that the combined moss extract is replaced with peat moss extract.

[0050] For both Example 1 and Example 2, a control experiment can be conducted according to Example 3.

[0051] Furthermore, to verify the progressiveness of the embodiments of this application, the following performance tests were performed on each embodiment and comparative example: In the application of plant growth promoters to promote the colonization and growth of plant seedlings, the effects of different types of plant growth promoters on the germination rate and germination potential of seeds were determined. Germination and growth were observed and recorded daily after the addition of the plant growth promoters. Germination was defined as the radicle protruding more than 1 mm from the seed coat. Data were recorded after two weeks of cultivation. The results of the determination of the effects of different types of plant growth promoters on the germination rate and germination potential of seeds are shown in Table 1.

[0052] Table 1 Experimental Results

[0053] Compared with Example 3, the germination rate and germination potential of Comparative Example 1 were significantly lower than those of Example 3. This is because the naturally occurring plant hormones in the moss extract of the plant growth promoter have a direct regulatory effect on seed germination. Secondary metabolites of moss have a dual regulatory effect on seed germination: for example, flavonoids can scavenge free radicals, reduce oxidative damage to seeds during germination, and enhance stress resistance. Osmotic regulators accumulated by moss under stress, such as proline and betaine, may be transferred to seeds through the extract, enhancing their adaptability. Living moss plants may carry symbiotic microorganisms, such as nitrogen-fixing bacteria and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria; after being prepared into a moss extract, their metabolites or signaling molecules may indirectly promote seed germination.

[0054] The germination rates and germination potential of Comparative Examples 2 and 3 were slightly lower than those of Example 3, indicating that plant growth regulators and nutrient solutions also affect germination rates and germination potential. This is because plant growth regulators can break dormancy, promote the development of radicles and plumules, and improve germination rates and seedling vigor by regulating the physiological and biochemical processes of seeds. Nutrient solutions can supply essential elements to plant seeds, regulate components, and improve seed germination rates. However, the main influencing factor is the plant growth promoter, or more specifically, the moss extract in the plant growth promoter, because its changing trend is not as significant as that of Comparative Examples 1 and 3.

[0055] Comparative Example 4 showed a similar germination rate to Example 3, but its germination potential was significantly lower. This indicates that when preparing plant growth promoters using moss extracts, mixed-species moss fragments are more effective than single-species moss fragments. This is due to the phenolic acids contained in peat moss, with concentrations reaching 200-500 mg / L in peat moss extracts. These phenolic acids slow down seed germination. Furthermore, peat moss has an extremely high water-holding capacity, capable of absorbing up to 20 times its own weight in water. Excessive use may lead to water saturation around the seeds, causing rot or suffocation, thus affecting subsequent plant growth. In contrast, the combined moss extract can dilute the solution, balance the pH, and reduce toxic components. Moreover, the secondary metabolites of different mosses vary, allowing the combined moss extract to provide a more comprehensive biostimulatory or inhibitory effect. In addition, a single moss extract may only be suitable for specific crops, such as gray moss promoting leafy vegetables and golden moss promoting root crops, while combined moss extracts can meet multiple needs. For example, in Examples 1, 2 and 3, different combinations of moss extracts were used for the seeds of plants commonly used in slope restoration, and the germination rate and germination potential of the seeds were all in a high range.

[0056] In the application of plant growth promoters to promote the colonization and growth of plant seedlings, the results of the measurement of the effects of different plant growth promoters on seedling height and root length after two weeks of cultivation are shown in Table 1. The root length and seedling height of Example 3 were significantly greater than those of the comparative examples.

[0057] In the application of plant growth promoters to promote plant colonization and growth, the effects of different plant growth promoters on seedling height, leaf length, and leaf width after 90 days of cultivation are shown in Table 1. The root length, leaf length, and leaf width of Example 3 were significantly greater than those of the control group. This is because the natural plant hormones in the moss extract play a crucial role in the development of seedling height and root length, promoting cell elongation of the coleoptile and stem, enhancing cell wall extensibility, and significantly increasing seedling height; simultaneously, they stimulate cell division in the root tip meristem, promoting the development of lateral roots and root hairs, increasing the root-to-shoot ratio of seedlings, and enhancing nutrient absorption capacity.

[0058] The test results above show that this invention can significantly promote the germination of seeds of common plants used in slope ecological restoration, and promote seedling height and root length development during the seedling stage, significantly increasing seedling biomass accumulation. It effectively promotes seed germination through water absorption, nutrient supply, and photosynthetic efficiency.

Claims

1. A plant growth promoter based on moss extract for rapidly promoting the colonization and growth of common plants used in slope restoration, characterized in that, The ingredients include the following parts by weight: 350-500 parts of moss extract, 2-8 parts of plant growth regulator, 15-30 parts of humic acid, and 40-60 parts of nutrient solution.

2. The plant growth promoter based on moss extract for rapidly promoting the colonization and growth of common plants in slope restoration, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The plant growth regulator comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-4 parts naphthaleneacetic acid, 18-20 parts gibberellin, and 4-6 parts indolebutyric acid.

3. The plant growth promoter based on moss extract for rapidly promoting the colonization and growth of common plants in slope restoration, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The nutrient solution comprises the following ingredients in parts by weight: 20-35 parts MS nutrient solution, 12-18 parts Knop nutrient solution, and 38-50 parts Hoaglang nutrient solution.

4. The method for preparing the plant growth promoter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Moss pretreatment: Collect fresh moss gametophytes, remove impurities, rinse with distilled water, place in a cool and ventilated place to air dry naturally, place the air-dried moss fragments in a 40℃ constant temperature drying oven to dry, and place the dried moss fragments in a plant pulverizer to pulverize into powder. S2. Preparation of moss extract: Take 10-300 parts by weight of moss gametophyte powder, add 10 times the volume of distilled water and mix. Soak in a 70℃ constant temperature water bath for 24 hours. After centrifugation at 5000 r / min for 10 min, take the supernatant, filter it through a 0.22 μm filter membrane for sterilization, and concentrate it to half the volume in a 70℃ constant temperature water bath to obtain fresh moss extract. S3. Preparation of plant growth promoter: Mix moss extract, plant growth regulator, humic acid and nutrient solution evenly and stir for more than 30 minutes to obtain plant growth promoter.

5. The method for preparing the plant growth promoter according to claim 4, characterized in that, The moss fragments placed in the plant shredder in S1 are a composition of no less than two types of moss.

6. The method for preparing the plant growth promoter according to claim 5, characterized in that, The moss species include: *Calamus spp.*, *Calamus spp.*, *Calamus spp.*, *Calamus macrocarpa*, *Calamus spp. ... and *Calamus spp.* 7. The method of applying the plant growth promoter as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The plant growth promoter should be diluted 2.5 to 40 times before use.

8. The method of applying the plant growth promoter according to claim 7, characterized in that, When applied to promote the colonization and growth of plant seedlings, the following steps are included: S1. Seed pretreatment: Soak the seeds of plants used for slope restoration in 1% NaClO solution for 10 minutes for disinfection, wash them 3 times with distilled water, and air dry for later use. S2. Seedling establishment and growth: Place two sheets of filter paper at the bottom of the petri dish. Select 20-50 uniform, healthy, and plump seeds and place them at equal intervals in each petri dish. Add 1-5 ml of diluted plant growth promoter to each petri dish, ensuring that the filter paper is moistened and there is no excess liquid around it. Place the petri dishes in an intelligent artificial climate chamber. During seed germination and seedling growth, replenish the plant growth promoter in a timely manner and keep the filter paper moist.

9. The method of applying the plant growth promoter according to claim 7, characterized in that, When applied to promote plant colonization, the following steps are included: S1. Seed pretreatment: Soak the seeds of plants used for slope restoration in 1% NaClO solution for 10 minutes for disinfection, wash them 3 times with distilled water, and air dry for later use. S2. Plant establishment and growth: Fill a plastic planting pot with 1000g of planting soil. Select 20-50 uniform, healthy and plump seeds and sow them at equal intervals in the planting pot. Sprinkle a thin layer of soil evenly on the seeds. Apply 10-40ml of diluted plant growth promoter to each pot of plants every week. Water the rest of the time.

10. The method of applying the plant growth promoter according to claim 7, characterized in that, When applied to slope ecological restoration projects, the following steps are included: mixing the diluted plant growth promoter into the sprinkler water of the sprinkler system.

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