Vertical shock (vibration) isolation support with negative stiffness amplifying device and quasi-zero stiffness characteristic

Abstract

A cylinder is arranged in the middle of a lower seat plate, a closing plate is arranged at an opening in the top of the cylinder, the lower end of a guide rod penetrates through the closing plate and is inserted into the cylinder, and then a mass block is fixed to the lower end of the guide rod; a plurality of second annular springs are arranged on the periphery of the mass block, one end of each second annular spring is connected to the inner wall of the cylinder, the other end of each second annular spring is connected to the mass block, the upper end of the guide rod is connected with an annular spring device, and the annular spring device is connected to the upper seat plate. The support can comprehensively improve the shock resistance and use comfort of a building, and it is ensured that the response of the building is effectively reduced in various vibration environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of seismic resistance and vibration isolation in civil engineering, and relates to a vertical vibration isolation support with a negative stiffness amplification device and quasi-zero stiffness characteristics. Background Technology

[0002] Seismic isolation technology, by installing seismic isolation pads, damping devices, and wind response control devices at specific locations in a building structure, effectively extends the vibration period of the building and absorbs the energy input from vibrations, thereby significantly reducing the building's response. However, earthquakes or subway vibrations often exhibit complex multi-directional motion, especially in urban TOD (Transit-Oriented Development) high-rise building complexes, where the impact of subway vibrations is particularly significant. This vibration not only threatens the structural safety of the building but also seriously affects the comfort of living and using the building, potentially leading to noise and swaying sensations, and ultimately impacting the quality of life for residents.

[0003] Current seismic isolation bearings are primarily designed for horizontal vibrations, but their effectiveness in reducing vertical vibrations is relatively poor. This means that in the event of a strong earthquake or other vertical impacts, the building structure may still be significantly affected, impacting overall safety and comfort. This deficiency makes traditional seismic isolation technology perform poorly in complex environments, especially in high-rise buildings and urban complexes. Therefore, designing a vertical seismic isolation bearing is essential to comprehensively improve the seismic resistance and comfort of buildings.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a vertical seismic isolation bearing, which aims to comprehensively improve the seismic resistance and user comfort of buildings and ensure that the building's response is effectively reduced under various vibration environments. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a vertical seismic isolation (vibration) support with a negative stiffness amplification device and quasi-zero stiffness characteristics. This support can comprehensively improve the seismic resistance and user comfort of buildings and ensure effective reduction of building response under various vibration environments.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention discloses a vertical vibration isolation (vibration) support with a negative stiffness amplification device and quasi-zero stiffness characteristics, comprising a composite component, a guide rod, an upper support plate, and a lower support plate; the upper end of the composite component is fixed to the upper support plate, the lower end of the composite component is fixed to the lower support plate, and a plurality of first annular springs are provided inside the composite component, wherein the upper end of each first annular spring is fixed to the bottom of the upper support plate, the lower end of each first annular spring is fixed to a base, and the base is fixed to the lower support plate; The lower seat plate has a cylinder in the middle, and a closing plate is provided at the top opening of the cylinder. The lower end of the guide rod passes through the closing plate and is inserted into the cylinder, where a mass block is fixed. Several second annular springs are provided around the mass block. One end of the second annular spring is connected to the inner wall of the cylinder, and the other end of the second annular spring is connected to the mass block. The upper end of the guide rod is connected to an annular spring device, which is connected to the upper seat plate.

[0007] Furthermore, one end of the second annular spring is connected to the inner wall of the cylinder via the first pre-tightening device and the compensation block.

[0008] Furthermore, the annular spring device includes a third annular spring, a sleeve, and a second pre-tightening device, wherein the third annular spring is located inside the sleeve, the sleeve is fixed to the upper seat plate, the second pre-tightening device is disposed at the top of the third annular spring, and the upper end of the guide rod is connected to the second pre-tightening device.

[0009] Furthermore, the first annular spring, the preloaded negative stiffness device, the annular spring device, the lower seat plate, and the upper seat plate constitute the longitudinal vibration isolation (vibration) section.

[0010] Furthermore, the first annular spring adopts a double-layer nested structure design.

[0011] Furthermore, the mass block, guide rod, first pre-tightening device, second annular spring, pre-tightening bolt, compensation block, and cylinder constitute a pre-compression negative stiffness device.

[0012] Furthermore, after the mass block is subjected to vertical force and adjusted to the predetermined position, the sealing plate is connected to the cylinder by bolts to complete the pre-tightening operation.

[0013] Furthermore, the stiffness coefficient is... The ring spring device with a stiffness coefficient of The preload negative stiffness device is connected in series via guide rods to form a negative stiffness amplification device, which in turn provides positive stiffness. The first annular spring and the base are connected in parallel.

[0014] Furthermore, the first ring spring, the second ring spring, and the third ring spring are made of 60Si2MnA spring steel.

[0015] Furthermore, the upper and lower seat plates are made of Q355B low alloy steel.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: The vertical seismic isolation (vibration) bearing with negative stiffness amplification device and quasi-zero stiffness characteristics described in this invention ensures that the longitudinal seismic isolation (vibration) section does not undergo horizontal displacement during operation through composite components, thereby ensuring system stability. The longitudinal seismic isolation (vibration) section includes a ring spring, a pre-compression negative stiffness device, a ring spring device, a lower seat plate, and an upper seat plate. The ring spring device is connected in series with the pre-compression negative stiffness device through a guide rod to form a negative stiffness amplification device. Through reasonable design, the complexity of the bearing and vibration transmission rate are significantly reduced, the working frequency band is expanded, and the vibration suppression effect is improved. This bearing has excellent vibration isolation performance, especially in the isolation of low-frequency and high-frequency vibrations. It is suitable for various seismic and vibration reduction applications and has high engineering application value. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a quasi-zero stiffness component for longitudinal vibration. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a ring spring device; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a preloaded negative stiffness device; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of negative stiffness amplification. Figure 8 A comparison chart of transfer rates; Figure 9 The schematic diagram for quasi-zero stiffness.

[0018] Among them, 4 is the upper seat plate, 5 is the composite component, 6 is the lower seat plate, 8 is the first annular spring, 9 is the mass block, 10 is the guide rod, 11 is the pre-tightening bolt, 12 is the second annular spring, 13 is the first pre-tightening device, 14 is the cylinder, 15 is the compensation block, 16 is the third annular spring, 17 is the sleeve, 18 is the base, 19 is the annular spring device, 20 is the pre-compression negative stiffness device, 21 is the sealing plate, and 22 is the second pre-tightening device. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "comprising" and "including" indicate the presence of the described features, integrals, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components and / or collections thereof.

[0021] It should also be understood that the terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0022] It should also be further understood that the term "and / or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to any combination and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes such combinations. For example, A and / or B can represent three cases: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this invention generally indicates that the preceding and following objects have an "or" relationship.

[0023] It should be understood that although terms such as first, second, third, etc., may be used in the embodiments of the present invention to describe the preset range, these preset ranges should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the preset ranges from one another. For example, without departing from the scope of the embodiments of the present invention, the first preset range may also be referred to as the second preset range, and similarly, the second preset range may also be referred to as the first preset range.

[0024] Depending on the context, the word "if" as used here can be interpreted as "when," "when," "in response to determination," or "in response to detection." Similarly, depending on the context, the phrase "if determination" or "if detection (of the stated condition or event)" can be interpreted as "when determination," "in response to determination," "when detection (of the stated condition or event)," or "in response to detection (of the stated condition or event)."

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] The accompanying drawings illustrate various structural schematic diagrams according to embodiments disclosed in this invention. These drawings are not to scale, and some details have been enlarged for clarity, and some details may have been omitted. The shapes of the various regions and layers shown in the drawings, as well as their relative sizes and positional relationships, are merely exemplary and may deviate from reality due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations. Furthermore, those skilled in the art can design regions / layers with different shapes, sizes, and relative positions as needed.

[0027] The vertical seismic isolation (vibration) support with negative stiffness amplification device and quasi-zero stiffness characteristics of the present invention includes a composite component 5, an upper base plate 4, and a lower base plate 6; the upper end of the composite component 5 is fixed to the upper base plate 4, and the lower end of the composite component 5 is fixed to the lower base plate 6. A plurality of first annular springs 8 are provided inside the composite component 5, wherein the upper end of each first annular spring 8 is fixed to the bottom of the upper base plate 4, and the lower end of each first annular spring 8 is fixed to the base 18, and the base 18 is fixed to the lower base plate 6.

[0028] The lower seat plate 6 has a cylinder 14 in the middle. The top opening of the cylinder 14 is provided with a sealing plate 21. The lower end of the guide rod 10 passes through the sealing plate 21 and is inserted into the cylinder 14, where a mass block 9 is fixed. Several second annular springs 12 are provided around the mass block 9. One end of the second annular spring 12 is connected to the inner wall of the cylinder 14 through a first pre-tightening device 13 and a compensation block 15. The other end of the second annular spring 12 is connected to the mass block 9. The upper end of the guide rod 10 is connected to an annular spring device 19, which is connected to the upper seat plate 4.

[0029] Specifically, the annular spring device 19 includes a third annular spring 16, a sleeve 17, and a second pre-tightening device 22. The third annular spring 16 is located inside the sleeve 17, which is fixed to the upper seat plate 4. The second pre-tightening device 22 is located at the top of the third annular spring 16, and the upper end of the guide rod 10 is connected to the second pre-tightening device 22.

[0030] In this embodiment, the composite component 5 has shear and tensile strength, which can effectively provide horizontal shear support under horizontal vibration, ensure the stability of the longitudinal isolation (vibration) section, prevent horizontal displacement, and at the same time, the composite component 5 also restricts vertical displacement, further enhancing the safety and stability of the structure.

[0031] In this embodiment, the longitudinal vibration isolation section includes a first annular spring 8, a preloaded negative stiffness device 20, an annular spring device 19, a lower seat plate 6, and an upper seat plate 4, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the annular spring device 19 is connected in series with the pre-compression negative stiffness device 20 via the guide rod 10, forming a negative stiffness amplification device. When vertical vibration acts on the support, the negative stiffness generated by the negative stiffness amplification device interacts with the positive stiffness of the first annular spring 8 to form a quasi-zero stiffness characteristic, thereby effectively reducing the transmission of vertical vibration and improving the vibration isolation effect of the support.

[0032] The support described in this invention is specifically designed for transit-oriented development (TOD) high-rise building complexes, aiming to effectively isolate earthquakes and subway vibrations. The longitudinal seismic isolation section targets vertical vibrations, using a special design to reduce their impact on the structure and ensure that the two do not interfere with each other during operation. Notably, under the gravity of the superstructure, the longitudinal seismic isolation section exhibits near-zero stiffness, thereby further enhancing the stability and safety of the building.

[0033] In this embodiment, the lower seat plate 6 and the upper seat plate 4 are connected to the composite component 5 by bolts, as shown in the figure. Figure 3 As shown. To ensure the stable fixation of the composite component 5, the present invention employs at least eight internal hexagon screws evenly distributed between the lower base plate 6, the upper base plate 4, and the composite component 5. Furthermore, the composite component 5 is designed with sufficient space to allow the support to undergo necessary displacement under vertical vibration, thereby ensuring the system's flexibility and effective vibration isolation performance.

[0034] In this embodiment, the annular spring device 19 consists of a third annular spring 16, a sleeve 17, a guide rod 10, and a second preload device 22, as shown in the figure. Figure 3 and Figure 5As shown. The second preload device 22 is arranged opposite to the third annular spring 16 and is fixed to the guide rod 10 by bolts, and then embedded in the sleeve 17 to ensure that the annular spring device 19 is always under pressure. This device is connected to the upper seat plate 4 by bolts or welding, and is also connected in series with the mass block 9 by bolts through the guide rod 10 to ensure a high degree of integration of the overall structure. Through this design, the annular spring device 19 and the preload negative stiffness device 20 coordinate with each other, effectively improving the overall performance and vibration isolation effect of the support. To ensure that the annular spring device 19 has sufficient room for movement, the present invention uses second preload devices 22 of different sizes, and designs a sufficiently large hole in the lower part of the annular spring device 19 to provide it with sufficient range of motion.

[0035] In this embodiment, the first annular spring 8 adopts a double-layer nested structure design, consisting of two sets of symmetrically arranged annular spring units, one inner and one outer. Each set of annular spring units is a precision laminated assembly structure, formed by alternating axial lamination of two inner conical-outer cylindrical washer-type spring steels and three inner cylindrical-outer conical washer-type spring steels, creating a bidirectional bearing system with nonlinear stiffness characteristics, such as... Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown.

[0036] In this embodiment, the second annular spring 12 and the annular spring device 19 adopt a modular symmetrical design. Each annular spring unit is a multi-layer composite structure, consisting of three inner conical-outer cylindrical washer-type spring steels and four inner cylindrical-outer conical washer-type spring steels alternately stacked along the axial direction to form a symmetrical bearing system with nonlinear stiffness characteristics, such as... Figure 3 As shown.

[0037] In this embodiment, the preload negative stiffness device 20 consists of a mass block 9, a guide rod 10, a first preload device 13, a second annular spring 12, a preload bolt 11, a compensation block 15, and a cylinder 14, the structure of which is as follows. Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, two identical first pre-tightening devices 13 are arranged opposite each other, and the second annular spring 12 is fixed by pre-tightening bolts 11 and connected to the pin head by welding. The pin head and the connecting pin seat are linked by a hinge, allowing them to generate appropriate relative movement under force. At the same time, the connecting pin seat is bolted to the compensation block 15, the cylinder 14 and the mass block 9 to form a negative stiffness device. To ensure the stability of the negative stiffness device, the number of negative stiffness devices should be at least four, which not only enhances its support capacity but also ensures uniform distribution under load.

[0038] In this embodiment, after the mass block 9 applies a vertical force and is adjusted to a predetermined position, the sealing plate 21 is connected to the cylinder 14 by bolts to complete the pre-tightening operation, ensuring the stability and reliability of the negative stiffness device in the pre-tightened state, thereby achieving the predetermined negative stiffness performance and meeting the design requirements.

[0039] In this embodiment, the preload negative stiffness device 20 is fixed to the lower base plate 6 by bolts or welding with hexagonal socket screws, and ensures that it has sufficient shear resistance to cope with the shear force that may be generated during operation.

[0040] In this embodiment, the stiffness coefficient is The ring spring device 19 and the stiffness coefficient are The preload negative stiffness device 20 is connected in series via guide rod 10 ( This forms a negative stiffness amplification device, the principle of which is referred to... Figure 7 As shown. This negative stiffness amplification device provides positive stiffness. The first annular spring 8 and the base 18 are connected in parallel. Together, these components form a vertical seismic isolation (vibration) support with quasi-zero stiffness characteristics. Through optimized design, this support configuration can efficiently achieve broadband vibration isolation, significantly improve vibration suppression performance, and reduce vibration transmission. Structural analysis results are as follows: Figure 8 As shown, this support can effectively control the dynamic response of the superstructure and optimize frequency characteristics, thereby achieving synchronous suppression of low-frequency and high-frequency vibrations, while exhibiting excellent seismic performance.

[0041] This invention employs a parallel design of a negative stiffness amplification device and a first annular spring 8, which, together with the base 18, constitute a quasi-zero stiffness system. For example... Figure 9 As shown, the dimensionless force-displacement relationship of the support exhibits typical nonlinear characteristics: in the initial stage, it increases nonlinearly with the increase of displacement, then enters the approximately constant force plateau region, and finally rises nonlinearly again. The entire motion process shows significant nonlinear mechanical behavior.

[0042] This invention employs two sets of first annular springs 8 as the main load-bearing components of the support, and they are connected to the base 18 without constraint. The base 18 is fixed to the lower base plate 6 by bolts or welding. The main function of the base 18 is to compensate for height, or to ensure that its height is consistent with that of the negative stiffness amplification device by designing a taller first annular spring 8, thereby ensuring the coordination and stability of the system.

[0043] In this embodiment, the preload negative stiffness device 20 and the ring spring device 19 can employ various schemes, offering high flexibility and not limited to using the force provided by the ring spring. Multiple types can be considered, such as thick-layer rubber springs, nitrogen springs, and disc springs, each with its own advantages to meet the needs of different working conditions. Thick-layer rubber springs provide good stability and aid in vibration damping; nitrogen springs perform excellently under dynamic loads and are highly adaptable; disc springs provide stable stiffness and load support. Combining these schemes can optimize the performance of the clamping device and improve the overall reliability and adaptability of the system.

[0044] In this embodiment, each annular spring is made of 60Si2MnA spring steel and is treated with a specific heat treatment process. , The upper seat plate 4 and the lower seat plate 6 are made of Q355B low alloy steel and are connected by welding or bolts to form an overall frame.

[0045] Other embodiments of the invention will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and disclosure of the invention. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention that follow the general principles of the invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the invention are indicated by the following claims.

[0046] It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.

[0047] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any limitation on the present invention. Any simple modifications, alterations, or equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vertical seismic isolation (vibration) support with a negative stiffness amplification device and quasi-zero stiffness characteristics, characterized in that, It includes a composite component (5), a guide rod (10), an upper seat plate (4) and a lower seat plate (6); the upper end of the composite component (5) is fixed to the upper seat plate (4), the lower end of the composite component (5) is fixed to the lower seat plate (6), and a plurality of first annular springs (8) are provided inside the composite component (5), wherein the upper end of each first annular spring (8) is fixed to the bottom of the upper seat plate (4), the lower end of each first annular spring (8) is fixed to the base (18), and the base (18) is fixed to the lower seat plate (6); The lower seat plate (6) has a cylinder (14) in the middle. The top opening of the cylinder (14) has a sealing plate (21). The lower end of the guide rod (10) passes through the sealing plate (21) and is inserted into the cylinder (14) and then fixed with a mass block (9). Several second ring springs (12) are provided around the mass block (9). One end of the second ring spring (12) is connected to the inner wall of the cylinder (14), and the other end of the second ring spring (12) is connected to the mass block (9). The upper end of the guide rod (10) is connected to a ring spring device (19), and the ring spring device (19) is connected to the upper seat plate (4).

2. The vertical seismic isolation (vibration) support with negative stiffness amplification device and quasi-zero stiffness characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the second annular spring (12) is connected to the inner wall of the cylinder (14) through the first pre-tightening device (13) and the compensation block (15).

3. The vertical seismic isolation (vibration) support with negative stiffness amplification device and quasi-zero stiffness characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ring spring device (19) includes a third ring spring (16), a sleeve (17) and a second pre-tightening device (22). The third ring spring (16) is located inside the sleeve (17), the sleeve (17) is fixed on the upper seat plate (4), the second pre-tightening device (22) is located at the top of the third ring spring (16), and the upper end of the guide rod (10) is connected to the second pre-tightening device (22).

4. The vertical seismic isolation (vibration) support with negative stiffness amplification device and quasi-zero stiffness characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first annular spring (8), the pre-compression negative stiffness device (20), the annular spring device (19), the lower seat plate (6) and the upper seat plate (4) constitute the longitudinal vibration isolation (vibration) part.

5. The vertical seismic isolation (vibration) support with negative stiffness amplification device and quasi-zero stiffness characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first annular spring (8) adopts a double-layer nested structure design.

6. The vertical seismic isolation (vibration) support with negative stiffness amplification device and quasi-zero stiffness characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass block (9), guide rod (10), first pre-tightening device (13), second ring spring (12), pre-tightening bolt (11), compensation block (15) and cylinder (14) constitute a pre-compression negative stiffness device (20).

7. The vertical seismic isolation (vibration) support with negative stiffness amplification device and quasi-zero stiffness characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the mass block (9) applies a vertical force and is adjusted to the predetermined position, the closing plate (21) is connected to the cylinder (14) by bolts to complete the pre-tightening operation.

8. The vertical seismic isolation (vibration) support with negative stiffness amplification device and quasi-zero stiffness characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that, With stiffness coefficient as The ring spring device (19) with a stiffness coefficient of The preload negative stiffness device (20) is connected in series via guide rod (10) to form a negative stiffness amplification device, which provides positive stiffness. The first annular spring (8) and the base (18) are connected in parallel.

9. The vertical seismic isolation (vibration) support with negative stiffness amplification device and quasi-zero stiffness characteristics according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first annular spring (8), the second annular spring (12) and the third annular spring (16) are made of 60Si2MnA spring steel.

10. The vertical seismic isolation (vibration) support with negative stiffness amplification device and quasi-zero stiffness characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper seat plate (4) and the lower seat plate (6) are made of Q355B low alloy steel.

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