Lightning stroke distribution analysis method, system and equipment for power transmission line and medium

Abstract

The invention provides a power transmission line lightning stroke distribution analysis method, system and device and a medium, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the time-space correlation matching of transient waveform data and lightning data of a power transmission line, and obtaining lightning stroke waveform data; based on the lightning stroke waveform data, calculating the position of a lightning stroke point by adopting a traveling wave propagation double-end positioning principle in combination with power transmission line data; extracting feature parameters of the lightning stroke waveform data, comparing the feature parameters with a pre-constructed waveform feature criterion library of each lightning stroke type, and determining a lightning stroke type identification result; performing statistical analysis on the lightning stroke point position and the lightning stroke type identification result, and generating a line lightning stroke distribution diagram and a statistical report as a lightning stroke distribution analysis result of the power transmission line; based on the lightning stroke waveform data, the traveling wave propagation double-end positioning principle is combined with the power transmission line data, the positioning precision of the lightning stroke point is greatly improved, the line lightning stroke rule can be mastered, lightning protection measures can be reasonably planned, and the operation reliability and safety of the power transmission line are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of lightning protection technology for power transmission lines, specifically relating to a method, system, equipment, and medium for analyzing the distribution of lightning strikes on power transmission lines. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of power systems, the scale of transmission lines is expanding daily. Lightning strikes are one of the important factors affecting the safe and stable operation of transmission lines, and the faults they cause seriously threaten the reliable power supply of the power system. Accurately analyzing the lightning strike distribution of overhead transmission lines is of great significance for preventing lightning faults and improving the lightning protection level of transmission lines.

[0003] Currently, although some methods exist for monitoring and analyzing lightning strikes on transmission lines, they generally suffer from low accuracy in locating lightning strike points and the inability to comprehensively obtain information on the distribution of lightning strikes along the line. While lightning location systems offer a wide detection range and can statistically analyze the distribution of ground flash density along the line corridor, aiding in the analysis of high-risk lightning strike sections, their location accuracy (typically hundreds of meters to several kilometers) and the nature of the target (ground flash) prevent them from directly identifying specific lightning-struck locations (conductors, ground wires, towers). Direct measurement methods often require installing equipment on each tower and even each insulator string, resulting in extremely low economic efficiency and hindering widespread application. Calculating the strike rate using line monitoring data (such as traveling wave data from distributed fault diagnosis systems) is problematic because the monitoring data contains numerous invalid or interfering waveforms generated by switch operations, load fluctuations, and non-lightning faults. Existing methods struggle to effectively distinguish between lightning-struck and non-lightning-struck waveforms, leading to insufficient accuracy in obtaining the strike rate and severely impacting the targeted nature of lightning protection measures. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method and system that can improve the accuracy of lightning strike location and comprehensively statistically analyze lightning strike distribution. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, this invention proposes a method for analyzing lightning strike distribution on transmission lines, characterized by comprising: Spatiotemporal correlation matching is performed on the transient waveform data of transmission lines and lightning data to obtain lightning strike waveform data; Based on the lightning strike waveform data, the location of the lightning strike point is calculated by combining the traveling wave propagation double-end positioning principle with transmission line data. The feature parameters of the lightning strike waveform data are extracted and compared with the pre-built waveform feature criterion library for each lightning strike type to determine the lightning strike type identification result. Statistical analysis is performed on the lightning strike locations and lightning strike type identification results to generate a line lightning strike distribution map and statistical report, which serve as the analysis results of lightning strike distribution on transmission lines.

[0005] Preferably, the step of performing spatiotemporal correlation matching on the transient waveform data of the transmission line and the lightning data to obtain the lightning strike waveform data includes: Transient waveform data of transmission lines are acquired using a distributed fault monitoring system for transmission lines. Lightning location system is used to obtain lightning data; From the transient waveform data of the transmission line and the lightning data, the transient waveform data of the transmission line and the lightning data that simultaneously meet the preset time threshold and spatial threshold are selected as data pairs generated by the same lightning strike event; The transient waveform data of the transmission line in the data pair is used as the lightning strike waveform data.

[0006] Preferably, the step of filtering out the transient waveform data of the transmission line and the lightning data that simultaneously meet the preset time threshold and spatial threshold from the transient waveform data of the transmission line and the lightning data, as data pairs generated from the same lightning strike event, includes: The time difference between the occurrence time of transient waveform data of transmission lines and the occurrence time of lightning data is selected, and the transient waveform data of transmission lines and lightning data within the time threshold are selected. From the lightning data within the time threshold, lightning data that meets the spatial threshold is selected as the final lightning data; The transient waveform data of the transmission line within the time threshold and the final lightning data are taken as a data pair generated from the same lightning strike event.

[0007] Preferably, the step of calculating the lightning strike location based on the lightning waveform data, using the traveling wave propagation double-ended positioning principle combined with transmission line data, includes: A lightning strike waveform front identification method is used to extract the wavefront of the lightning strike waveform signal from the lightning strike waveform data; Calculate the time difference between the arrival of the wavefront at different monitoring points on the transmission line; Based on the time difference, combined with the span information of the transmission line and the wave velocity of the lightning strike waveform, the location of the lightning strike point is calculated using the traveling wave propagation double-end positioning principle. The lightning strike waveform wavefront identification method includes one or more of the following: wavelet transform, mathematical morphological filtering, variational mode decomposition, and Hilbert-Huang transform.

[0008] Preferably, the step of extracting the feature parameters of the lightning strike waveform data and comparing them with a pre-built waveform feature criterion library for each lightning strike type to determine the lightning strike type identification result includes: Extract the characteristic parameters of the lightning strike waveform data; Based on the aforementioned feature parameters, the lightning strike type of the lightning strike waveform data is determined by using the waveform feature judgment criteria in the waveform feature criterion library for each lightning strike type. The characteristic parameters include waveform amplitude, waveform positive and negative peak values, and main wave width; the waveform characteristic criterion library for lightning strike types is constructed based on the waveform characteristic parameters of different phases of the lightning strike waveform; each lightning strike type includes one or more of the following: lightning strike on conductor, lightning strike on ground wire, lightning strike on tower, and lightning strike on the ground.

[0009] Preferably, the step of determining the lightning strike type of the lightning strike waveform data based on the feature parameters and using waveform feature judgment criteria from the waveform feature criterion library for each lightning strike type includes: If the waveform amplitude detected in one phase of an AC line is more than twice the waveform amplitude detected in two or three phases of the AC line, then the lightning strike type of the lightning waveform data is determined to be a lightning strike on a conductor. If the amplitude ratio of the waveform amplitudes of the one-phase, two-phase, and three-phase waveforms does not exceed the preset amplitude ratio threshold, the waveform amplitudes are all greater than 100kA, the absolute value ratio of the positive and negative peak values ​​of each phase waveform is within the preset absolute value ratio threshold, and the main wave width is less than 20μs, then the lightning strike type of the lightning waveform data is determined to be a lightning strike to the ground wire. If the amplitude ratio of the waveform amplitudes of the one-phase, two-phase, and three-phase waveforms does not exceed the preset amplitude ratio threshold, the waveform amplitude is greater than 100kA, and the main wave width is greater than 40μs, then the lightning strike type of the lightning waveform data is determined to be a lightning strike on a tower. If the amplitude ratio of the waveform amplitudes of the first phase, second phase, and third phase does not exceed the preset amplitude ratio threshold, and the waveform amplitude of each phase is less than 100kA, then the lightning strike type of the lightning waveform data is determined to be lightning strike to the ground.

[0010] Preferably, the amplitude ratio threshold is 0.8 to 1.2; the absolute value ratio threshold is 0.9 to 1.1.

[0011] Preferably, the step of statistically analyzing the identification results of the lightning strike location and the lightning strike type to generate a line lightning strike distribution map and statistical report, as the analysis result of the transmission line lightning strike distribution, includes: From the lightning strike location and lightning strike type identification results, select the lightning strike location and lightning strike type identification results of all lightning strike events of the target transmission line within a specified time period; Based on the identification results of the lightning strike locations and lightning strike types of all lightning strike events on the target transmission line within a specified time period, the number of lightning strikes in different geographical locations, the number and frequency of different lightning strike types, and the lightning strike density in different line sections are statistically analyzed to generate a line lightning strike distribution map and statistical report, which serve as the results of the transmission line lightning strike distribution analysis.

[0012] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a transmission line lightning strike distribution analysis system, including: a lightning strike waveform data generation module, a lightning strike point location determination module, a lightning strike type identification module, and a lightning strike distribution analysis module; The lightning waveform data generation module is used to perform spatiotemporal correlation matching between the transient waveform data of the transmission line and the lightning data to obtain the lightning waveform data. The lightning strike location determination module is used to calculate the lightning strike location based on the lightning waveform data, using the traveling wave propagation double-end positioning principle combined with transmission line data; The lightning strike type identification module is used to extract the feature parameters of the lightning strike waveform data, compare them with the pre-built waveform feature criterion library of each lightning strike type, and determine the lightning strike type identification result. The lightning strike distribution analysis module is used to perform statistical analysis on the lightning strike location and the lightning strike type identification results, and generate a line lightning strike distribution map and statistical report as the results of the transmission line lightning strike distribution analysis.

[0013] Preferably, the lightning waveform data generation module includes: The power transmission line transient waveform data acquisition submodule is used to acquire power transmission line transient waveform data using the power transmission line distributed fault monitoring system; The lightning data acquisition submodule is used to acquire lightning data using the lightning location system; The lightning strike data pair determination submodule is used to filter out the transient waveform data of the transmission line and the lightning data that simultaneously meet the preset time threshold and spatial threshold from the transient waveform data of the transmission line and the lightning data, and use them as data pairs generated by the same lightning strike event; The lightning strike waveform data determination submodule is used to take the transient waveform data of the transmission line in the data pair as the lightning strike waveform data.

[0014] Preferably, the lightning strike data determination submodule is specifically used for: The time difference between the occurrence time of transient waveform data of transmission lines and the occurrence time of lightning data is selected, and the transient waveform data of transmission lines and lightning data within the time threshold are selected. From the lightning data within the time threshold, lightning data that meets the spatial threshold is selected as the final lightning data; The transient waveform data of the transmission line within the time threshold and the final lightning data are taken as a data pair generated from the same lightning strike event.

[0015] Preferably, the lightning strike location determination module is specifically used for: A lightning strike waveform front identification method is used to extract the wavefront of the lightning strike waveform signal from the lightning strike waveform data; Calculate the time difference between the arrival of the wavefront at different monitoring points on the transmission line; Based on the time difference, combined with the span information of the transmission line and the wave velocity of the lightning strike waveform, the location of the lightning strike point is calculated using the traveling wave propagation double-end positioning principle. The lightning strike waveform wavefront identification method includes one or more of the following: wavelet transform, mathematical morphological filtering, variational mode decomposition, and Hilbert-Huang transform.

[0016] Preferably, the lightning strike type identification module includes: The feature parameter extraction submodule is used to extract the feature parameters of the lightning strike waveform data; The lightning strike type determination submodule is used to determine the lightning strike type of the lightning strike waveform data based on the feature parameters and using the waveform feature judgment criteria in the waveform feature criterion library for each lightning strike type. The characteristic parameters include waveform amplitude, waveform positive and negative peak values, and main wave width; the waveform characteristic criterion library for lightning strike types is constructed based on the waveform characteristic parameters of different phases of the lightning strike waveform; each lightning strike type includes one or more of the following: lightning strike on conductor, lightning strike on ground wire, lightning strike on tower, and lightning strike on the ground.

[0017] Preferably, the lightning strike type determination submodule is specifically used for: If the waveform amplitude detected in one phase of an AC line is more than twice the waveform amplitude detected in two or three phases of the AC line, then the lightning strike type of the lightning waveform data is determined to be a lightning strike on a conductor. If the amplitude ratio of the waveform amplitudes of the one-phase, two-phase, and three-phase waveforms does not exceed the preset amplitude ratio threshold, the waveform amplitudes are all greater than 100kA, the absolute value ratio of the positive and negative peak values ​​of each phase waveform is within the preset absolute value ratio threshold, and the main wave width is less than 20μs, then the lightning strike type of the lightning waveform data is determined to be a lightning strike to the ground wire. If the amplitude ratio of the waveform amplitudes of the one-phase, two-phase, and three-phase waveforms does not exceed the preset amplitude ratio threshold, the waveform amplitude is greater than 100kA, and the main wave width is greater than 40μs, then the lightning strike type of the lightning waveform data is determined to be a lightning strike on a tower. If the amplitude ratio of the waveform amplitudes of the first phase, second phase, and third phase does not exceed the preset amplitude ratio threshold, and the waveform amplitude of each phase is less than 100kA, then the lightning strike type of the lightning waveform data is determined to be lightning strike to the ground.

[0018] Preferably, the amplitude ratio threshold is 0.8 to 1.2; the absolute value ratio threshold is 0.9 to 1.1.

[0019] Preferably, the lightning strike distribution analysis module is specifically used for: From the lightning strike location and lightning strike type identification results, select the lightning strike location and lightning strike type identification results of all lightning strike events of the target transmission line within a specified time period; Based on the identification results of the lightning strike locations and lightning strike types of all lightning strike events on the target transmission line within a specified time period, the number of lightning strikes in different geographical locations, the number and frequency of different lightning strike types, and the lightning strike density in different line sections are statistically analyzed to generate a line lightning strike distribution map and statistical report, which serve as the results of the transmission line lightning strike distribution analysis.

[0020] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides an electronic device, comprising: at least one processor and a memory; wherein the memory and the processor are connected via a bus; The memory is used to store one or more programs; When the one or more programs are executed by the at least one processor, a method for analyzing the distribution of lightning strikes on transmission lines as described above is implemented.

[0021] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon and an executable program stored thereon, wherein when the executable program is executed, it implements the aforementioned method for analyzing the distribution of lightning strikes on transmission lines.

[0022] Compared with the closest existing technology, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention provides a method, system, equipment, and medium for analyzing lightning strike distribution on transmission lines, comprising: performing spatiotemporal correlation matching on transient waveform data of the transmission line and lightning data to obtain lightning strike waveform data; calculating the location of the lightning strike point based on the lightning strike waveform data using the traveling wave propagation double-end positioning principle combined with the transmission line data; extracting feature parameters from the lightning strike waveform data and comparing them with a pre-constructed waveform feature criterion library for each lightning strike type to determine the lightning strike type identification result; performing statistical analysis on the lightning strike point location and the lightning strike type identification result to generate a line lightning strike distribution map and statistical report, which serve as the analysis results of lightning strike distribution on transmission lines. Results: This invention performs spatiotemporal correlation matching on transient waveform data of transmission lines and lightning data, which can accurately obtain lightning strike waveform data, providing a reliable data foundation for subsequent analysis. Based on the lightning strike waveform data, the invention adopts the traveling wave propagation double-end positioning principle combined with transmission line data, which greatly improves the positioning accuracy of lightning strike points and significantly reduces positioning errors compared with traditional methods. By accurately identifying the location and type of lightning strike points and comprehensively statistically analyzing the lightning strike situation of the line, the invention can quickly obtain information on the distribution of lightning strikes on the line, which helps the power sector to grasp the lightning strike patterns of the line in a timely manner, rationally plan lightning protection measures, and improve the operational reliability and safety of transmission lines. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic flowchart of a method for analyzing lightning strike distribution on power transmission lines provided by this invention; Figure 2 A specific example diagram is provided for the lightning strike distribution analysis method for power transmission lines provided by the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a power transmission line lightning strike distribution analysis system provided by the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Example 1: This invention provides a method for analyzing the distribution of lightning strikes on power transmission lines, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes: Step 1: Perform spatiotemporal correlation matching on the transient waveform data of the transmission line and the lightning data to obtain the lightning strike waveform data; Step 2: Based on the lightning strike waveform data, the location of the lightning strike point is calculated using the traveling wave propagation double-end positioning principle combined with transmission line data; Step 3: Extract the feature parameters of the lightning strike waveform data and compare them with the pre-built waveform feature criterion library for each type of lightning strike to determine the lightning strike type identification result; Step 4: Perform statistical analysis on the lightning strike location and lightning strike type identification results to generate a line lightning strike distribution map and statistical report, which serve as the analysis results of the transmission line lightning strike distribution.

[0026] With the development of my country's power system, the scale of overhead transmission lines has been continuously expanding, and lightning strikes seriously threaten their safe and stable operation. Existing technologies either use lightning location systems to statistically analyze the lightning density distribution along the line corridor, but this cannot directly reflect the actual lightning strike distribution on the line itself (conductors, ground wires, and towers); or they use line monitoring data (such as traveling wave data) to calculate the strike rate, but because the monitoring data contains a large number of non-lightning interference waveforms, it is impossible to effectively confirm that the data was indeed generated by lightning strikes, resulting in insufficient accuracy and precision of the calculated strike rate, seriously affecting the scientific nature of lightning protection measures. This application addresses this problem by adopting a novel method for analyzing the lightning strike distribution of transmission lines, specifically: In one implementation, the step of performing spatiotemporal correlation matching on the transient waveform data of the transmission line and the lightning data to obtain the lightning strike waveform data includes: Transient waveform data of transmission lines are acquired using a distributed fault monitoring system for transmission lines. For example, a distributed fault monitoring system for transmission lines is used to acquire transient waveform data of transmission lines. The transient waveform data of transmission lines is the instantaneous electromagnetic pulse signal data generated when the transmission line is struck by lightning and propagates along the line, including waveform shape, amplitude, phase, frequency and other characteristics.

[0027] Lightning location system is used to obtain lightning data; For example, a lightning location system is a system that determines parameters such as the time of lightning strike, geographical location (latitude and longitude), and lightning current amplitude by monitoring lightning electromagnetic radiation signals at multiple stations; lightning data is obtained through the lightning location system.

[0028] From the transient waveform data of the transmission line and the lightning data, the transient waveform data of the transmission line and the lightning data that simultaneously meet the preset time threshold and spatial threshold are selected as data pairs generated by the same lightning strike event; For example, based on the temporal and spatial information of transient waveform data of transmission lines and lightning data, spatiotemporal correlation matching is performed to filter out data that are correlated in time and space, thereby obtaining lightning waveform data; spatiotemporal correlation matching: by setting time thresholds (such as 2ms) and spatial thresholds (such as 5km), the transient waveform data of transmission lines and lightning data are correlated to filter out waveform data "confirmed to be generated by lightning".

[0029] The transient waveform data of the transmission line in the data pair is used as the lightning strike waveform data. This invention uses a distributed fault monitoring system for transmission lines and a lightning location system to collect transient waveform data of transmission lines and lightning data respectively. By setting a spatiotemporal threshold, the transient waveform data of the transmission lines is used as the transient traveling wave data of lightning strikes that exceeds the preset confidence level, which is the lightning strike waveform data, thus laying a solid data foundation for subsequent analysis.

[0030] In one implementation, the step of filtering out transient waveform data of the transmission line and lightning data that simultaneously meet preset time thresholds and spatial thresholds from the transient waveform data of the transmission line and the lightning data, and using them as data pairs generated from the same lightning strike event, includes: The time difference between the occurrence time of transient waveform data of transmission lines and the occurrence time of lightning data is selected, and the transient waveform data of transmission lines and lightning data within the time threshold are selected. From the lightning data within the time threshold, lightning data that meets the spatial threshold is selected as the final lightning data; The transient waveform data of the transmission line within the time threshold and the final lightning data are taken as a data pair generated from the same lightning strike event.

[0031] For example, setting a time threshold (e.g., 2ms) and a spatial threshold (e.g., 5km), when the time difference between the occurrence time of the transmission line transient waveform data and the lightning data is within 2 milliseconds, and the lightning data is a lightning strike record within 5 kilometers of the line corridor, this set of spatiotemporally correlated transmission line transient waveform data and lightning data is determined to be a data pair generated by the same lightning strike event.

[0032] In one implementation, the step of calculating the lightning strike location based on the lightning waveform data, using the traveling wave propagation double-ended positioning principle combined with transmission line data, includes: A lightning strike waveform front identification method is used to extract the wavefront of the lightning strike waveform signal from the lightning strike waveform data; For example, the wavefront arrival time detection of lightning waveform data is performed as follows: Lightning waveform wavefront identification methods such as wavelet transform and mathematical morphological filtering are used to analyze the rising edge characteristics of the lightning waveform and accurately extract the starting point (wavefront) of the traveling wave signal.

[0033] Calculate the time difference between the arrival of the wavefront at different monitoring points on the transmission line; For example, based on multiple monitoring points set up on the transmission line, the traveling wave generated by the lightning strike propagates to each monitoring point at a certain wave speed, and the time difference of the wavefront reaching different monitoring points is calculated.

[0034] Based on the time difference, combined with the span information of the transmission line and the wave velocity of the lightning strike waveform, the location of the lightning strike point is calculated using the traveling wave propagation double-end positioning principle. For example, based on the time difference of the wavefront reaching different monitoring points, combined with the span information of the transmission line and the wave velocity of the lightning strike waveform, the location of the lightning strike point is calculated using the traveling wave propagation two-end positioning principle, achieving precise location of the lightning strike point. The two-end positioning principle is based on the time difference (Δt) of the lightning traveling wave reaching the monitoring points at both ends of the line, the span information of the transmission line (line length (L), and the wave velocity of the lightning strike waveform (v). The location of the lightning strike point is calculated using the formula for the distance from the near end to the lightning strike point. The formula for calculating the distance from the near end to the lightning strike point is as follows: x=(L - v×Δt) / 2 Where x is the distance from the lightning strike point to the near end, L is the line length, Δt is the time difference, and v is the lightning waveform velocity.

[0035] The lightning strike waveform wavefront identification method includes one or more of the following: wavelet transform, mathematical morphological filtering, variational mode decomposition, and Hilbert-Huang transform. This invention employs advanced signal processing methods such as wavelet transform for precise wavefront detection, and combines this with the dual-end positioning principle, significantly improving the positioning accuracy of the lightning strike point. The positioning error can be controlled within 300 meters, a significant reduction compared to traditional methods. The wavefront detection algorithm analyzes the rising edge characteristics of the lightning waveform to determine the arrival time of the wavefront at each monitoring point. Combined with the transmission line topology and monitoring point location, distance calculation is performed based on traveling wave propagation theory to achieve precise lightning strike point positioning.

[0036] In one implementation, the step of extracting feature parameters from the lightning strike waveform data and comparing them with a pre-built waveform feature criterion library for each lightning strike type to determine the lightning strike type identification result includes: Extract the characteristic parameters of the lightning strike waveform data; Based on the aforementioned feature parameters, the lightning strike type of the lightning strike waveform data is determined by using the waveform feature judgment criteria in the waveform feature criterion library for each lightning strike type. For example, the waveform characteristics of different phases of lightning strikes are analyzed, and characteristic parameters such as amplitude, phase, and frequency of the waveforms are extracted. Based on the characteristic parameters of different lightning strike waveforms, waveform feature criterion libraries for different types of lightning strikes (including but not limited to: lightning strikes on conductors, ground wires, towers, and the ground) are established. By comparing and matching the extracted characteristic parameters with the waveform feature criterion libraries for each type of lightning strike, the identification of different types of lightning strikes can be achieved.

[0037] The characteristic parameters include waveform amplitude, positive and negative peak values, and main wave width. The waveform feature criterion library for lightning strike types is constructed based on the waveform feature parameters of different phases of the lightning strike waveform. Each lightning strike type includes one or more of the following: lightning strike to conductor, lightning strike to ground wire, lightning strike to tower, and lightning strike to the ground. Based on in-depth analysis and feature extraction of the waveform characteristics of different phases of the lightning strike waveform, this invention establishes a waveform feature criterion library based on effective lightning strike type identification rules with multi-dimensional waveform features. This library can accurately distinguish different types of lightning strikes and provides a more accurate basis for formulating line lightning protection measures.

[0038] In one implementation, determining the lightning strike type of the lightning strike waveform data based on the feature parameters and using waveform feature judgment criteria from a waveform feature criterion library for each lightning strike type includes: If the waveform amplitude detected in one phase of an AC line is more than twice the waveform amplitude detected in two or three phases of the AC line, then the lightning strike type of the lightning waveform data is determined to be a lightning strike on a conductor. For example, in an AC line, lightning waveforms are detected in all three phase conductors: if the amplitude of one phase waveform (the absolute value of the peak value in the waveform) is twice or more than the amplitude of the other two phase waveforms, it is determined to be a lightning strike on the conductor.

[0039] If the amplitude ratio of the waveform amplitudes of the one-phase, two-phase, and three-phase waveforms does not exceed the preset amplitude ratio threshold, the waveform amplitudes are all greater than 100kA, the absolute value ratio of the positive and negative peak values ​​of each phase waveform is within the preset absolute value ratio threshold, and the main wave width is less than 20μs, then the lightning strike type of the lightning waveform data is determined to be a lightning strike to the ground wire. For example, if the amplitudes of the three-phase waveforms are equal (amplitude ratio between 0.8 and 1.2) and greater than 100kA, and the absolute value ratio of the positive and negative peak values ​​of each phase waveform is between 0.9 and 1.1 and the main wave width is less than 20μs, then it is determined to be a lightning strike to the ground wire.

[0040] If the amplitude ratio of the waveform amplitudes of the one-phase, two-phase, and three-phase waveforms does not exceed the preset amplitude ratio threshold, the waveform amplitude is greater than 100kA, and the main wave width is greater than 40μs, then the lightning strike type of the lightning waveform data is determined to be a lightning strike on a tower. For example, if the amplitudes of the three-phase waveforms are similar (amplitude ratio between 0.8 and 1.2) and greater than 100kA, and the main wave width is greater than 40μs, then it is determined to be a lightning strike on the tower. If the amplitude ratio of the waveform amplitudes of the first phase, second phase, and third phase does not exceed the preset amplitude ratio threshold, and the waveform amplitude of each phase is less than 100kA, then the lightning strike type of the lightning waveform data is determined to be lightning strike to the ground.

[0041] For example, if the amplitudes of the three-phase waveforms are roughly equal (amplitude ratio between 0.8 and 1.2) and less than 100kA, it is determined to be a lightning strike to the ground. An alternative is to train a lightning strike type classification model based on a labeled lightning strike waveform dataset using machine learning methods (such as Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest, or Deep Learning) for identification. This method may have stronger feature learning capabilities, but it requires high-quality and high-quantity training data; existing technology is described in Chinese patent literature (patent number 104614577). B) The technical content of a method for obtaining the pole strike rate of transmission lines based on measured lightning strike data relies on line traveling wave monitoring data to determine lightning strike events. However, accuracy cannot be guaranteed. Distributed fault monitoring devices in actual operation contain a large number of invalid waveforms or traveling wave data triggered by non-lightning strikes. A key drawback is the lack of spatiotemporal correlation verification with lightning monitoring data from a lightning location system, leading to the inability to confirm these waveforms as lightning strikes. The pole strike rate analyzed based on this method is significantly inconsistent with the actual situation. Therefore, existing technologies rely solely on traveling wave monitoring data without combining it with the spatiotemporal information of lightning from a lightning location system, resulting in approximately 30%-50% of non-lightning traveling waves (such as switching overvoltages and equipment noise) being misjudged as lightning strike signals (this invention can reduce the misjudgment rate to below 5% through spatiotemporal correlation). Furthermore, the proposed different waveform identification methods are based only on simple qualitative criteria (without providing specific quantifiable feature thresholds or models), lacking robustness and universality. Their operability and feasibility in complex and variable field environments are insufficient, making it difficult to guarantee the accuracy of the identification results and limiting their widespread application. The present invention clarifies the quantization rules (such as amplitude ratio 0.8-1.2, wavelength <20μs, etc.), and is operable.

[0042] In one implementation, the amplitude ratio threshold is 0.8 to 1.2; the absolute value ratio threshold is 0.9 to 1.1.

[0043] In one implementation, the step of statistically analyzing the lightning strike location and the lightning strike type identification results to generate a line lightning strike distribution map and statistical report, which serve as the analysis results of the transmission line lightning strike distribution, includes: From the lightning strike location and lightning strike type identification results, select the lightning strike location and lightning strike type identification results of all lightning strike events of the target transmission line within a specified time period; Based on the identification results of the lightning strike locations and lightning strike types of all lightning strike events on the target transmission line within a specified time period, the number of lightning strikes in different geographical locations, the number and frequency of different lightning strike types, and the lightning strike density in different line sections are statistically analyzed to generate a line lightning strike distribution map and statistical report, which serve as the results of the transmission line lightning strike distribution analysis.

[0044] For example, based on the lightning strike location results and lightning strike type identification results, statistical analysis is performed on all lightning strike events of the target transmission line within a specified time period. The statistical content includes, but is not limited to: the number of lightning strikes at different geographical locations (tower number, location within span), the frequency and occurrence of different lightning strike types (lightning strikes to conductors, ground wires / towers, ground strikes, etc.), and the lightning strike density in different line sections (e.g., every 5 kilometers or divided by terrain). Visualization methods such as map overlay, heat maps, bar charts, and pie charts are used to intuitively display the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of line lightning strikes, generating a line lightning strike distribution map and statistical report. Accurate identification of lightning strike points and types, and comprehensive statistical analysis of line lightning strikes, allows for rapid acquisition of line lightning strike distribution information, helping power departments to promptly grasp line lightning strike patterns, rationally plan lightning protection measures, and improve the operational reliability and safety of transmission lines.

[0045] Compared with existing technologies, the present invention has significant technological advantages. Through, as shown in... Figure 2 The diagram illustrates a specific example of a method for analyzing lightning strike distribution on transmission lines. It utilizes the spatiotemporal fusion and correlation of lightning monitoring data from a lightning location system and transient traveling wave data from a distributed fault diagnosis system to address the limitations of single-system data and filter out high-confidence transient traveling wave data. By employing wavefront arrival time detection and traveling wave time difference positioning principles, it achieves high-precision location of lightning strike points. Based on the waveform characteristics (such as amplitude, phase, frequency, and wave width) of transient traveling waves of different phases, it constructs a lightning strike type classification rule base to accurately identify lightning strikes on conductors, ground wires / towers, and the ground. Statistical analysis of line lightning strikes comprehensively and accurately presents the line's lightning strike distribution, providing strong data support for lightning protection strategy formulation and significantly improving the lightning protection performance and operational reliability of transmission lines. This invention has been used to analyze lightning faults and major hidden dangers on important lines in some provinces. The results show that this method can accurately analyze the lightning strike distribution on lines and provide important data support for line lightning protection maintenance. Currently, the application of this technology nationwide has not been fully rolled out and is only being practiced in a few pilot areas. From a future application perspective, as the power system continues to expand, the impact of lightning strikes on the safe operation of overhead transmission lines is becoming increasingly prominent, making the need for precise lightning strike monitoring and analysis technology for transmission line maintenance extremely urgent. This invention, with its high-precision lightning strike location, accurate lightning strike type identification, and comprehensive lightning strike distribution statistics capabilities, is expected to be widely adopted in the field of transmission line monitoring across China and even globally, helping the power industry improve the lightning protection level and operational reliability of transmission lines. In the future, through real-time access and analysis of multi-source data, it will enable lightning strike alarms for critical transmission lines, providing crucial data support for the maintenance and handling of line hazards and defects caused by thunderstorms.

[0046] Example 2: Based on the same inventive concept, this invention also provides a transmission line lightning strike distribution analysis system, such as... Figure 3 As shown, it includes: a lightning waveform data generation module, a lightning strike location determination module, a lightning strike type identification module, and a lightning strike distribution analysis module; The lightning waveform data generation module is used to perform spatiotemporal correlation matching between the transient waveform data of the transmission line and the lightning data to obtain the lightning waveform data. The lightning strike location determination module is used to calculate the lightning strike location based on the lightning waveform data, using the traveling wave propagation double-end positioning principle combined with transmission line data; The lightning strike type identification module is used to extract the feature parameters of the lightning strike waveform data, compare them with the pre-built waveform feature criterion library of each lightning strike type, and determine the lightning strike type identification result. The lightning strike distribution analysis module is used to perform statistical analysis on the lightning strike location and the lightning strike type identification results, and generate a line lightning strike distribution map and statistical report as the results of the transmission line lightning strike distribution analysis.

[0047] Preferably, the lightning waveform data generation module includes: The power transmission line transient waveform data acquisition submodule is used to acquire power transmission line transient waveform data using the power transmission line distributed fault monitoring system; The lightning data acquisition submodule is used to acquire lightning data using the lightning location system; The lightning strike data pair determination submodule is used to filter out the transient waveform data of the transmission line and the lightning data that simultaneously meet the preset time threshold and spatial threshold from the transient waveform data of the transmission line and the lightning data, and use them as data pairs generated by the same lightning strike event; The lightning strike waveform data determination submodule is used to take the transient waveform data of the transmission line in the data pair as the lightning strike waveform data.

[0048] Preferably, the lightning strike data determination submodule is specifically used for: The time difference between the occurrence time of transient waveform data of transmission lines and the occurrence time of lightning data is selected, and the transient waveform data of transmission lines and lightning data within the time threshold are selected. From the lightning data within the time threshold, lightning data that meets the spatial threshold is selected as the final lightning data; The transient waveform data of the transmission line within the time threshold and the final lightning data are taken as a data pair generated from the same lightning strike event.

[0049] Preferably, the lightning strike location determination module is specifically used for: A lightning strike waveform front identification method is used to extract the wavefront of the lightning strike waveform signal from the lightning strike waveform data; Calculate the time difference between the arrival of the wavefront at different monitoring points on the transmission line; Based on the time difference, combined with the span information of the transmission line and the wave velocity of the lightning strike waveform, the location of the lightning strike point is calculated using the traveling wave propagation double-end positioning principle. The lightning strike waveform wavefront identification method includes one or more of the following: wavelet transform, mathematical morphological filtering, variational mode decomposition, and Hilbert-Huang transform.

[0050] Preferably, the lightning strike type identification module includes: The feature parameter extraction submodule is used to extract the feature parameters of the lightning strike waveform data; The lightning strike type determination submodule is used to determine the lightning strike type of the lightning strike waveform data based on the feature parameters and using the waveform feature judgment criteria in the waveform feature criterion library for each lightning strike type. The characteristic parameters include waveform amplitude, waveform positive and negative peak values, and main wave width; the waveform characteristic criterion library for lightning strike types is constructed based on the waveform characteristic parameters of different phases of the lightning strike waveform; each lightning strike type includes one or more of the following: lightning strike on conductor, lightning strike on ground wire, lightning strike on tower, and lightning strike on the ground.

[0051] Preferably, the lightning strike type determination submodule is specifically used for: If the waveform amplitude detected in one phase of an AC line is more than twice the waveform amplitude detected in two or three phases of the AC line, then the lightning strike type of the lightning waveform data is determined to be a lightning strike on a conductor. If the amplitude ratio of the waveform amplitudes of the one-phase, two-phase, and three-phase waveforms does not exceed the preset amplitude ratio threshold, the waveform amplitudes are all greater than 100kA, the absolute value ratio of the positive and negative peak values ​​of each phase waveform is within the preset absolute value ratio threshold, and the main wave width is less than 20μs, then the lightning strike type of the lightning waveform data is determined to be a lightning strike to the ground wire. If the amplitude ratio of the waveform amplitudes of the one-phase, two-phase, and three-phase waveforms does not exceed the preset amplitude ratio threshold, the waveform amplitude is greater than 100kA, and the main wave width is greater than 40μs, then the lightning strike type of the lightning waveform data is determined to be a lightning strike on a tower. If the amplitude ratio of the waveform amplitudes of the first phase, second phase, and third phase does not exceed the preset amplitude ratio threshold, and the waveform amplitude of each phase is less than 100kA, then the lightning strike type of the lightning waveform data is determined to be lightning strike to the ground.

[0052] Preferably, the amplitude ratio threshold is 0.8 to 1.2; the absolute value ratio threshold is 0.9 to 1.1.

[0053] Preferably, the lightning strike distribution analysis module is specifically used for: From the lightning strike location and lightning strike type identification results, select the lightning strike location and lightning strike type identification results of all lightning strike events of the target transmission line within a specified time period; Based on the identification results of the lightning strike locations and lightning strike types of all lightning strike events on the target transmission line within a specified time period, the number of lightning strikes in different geographical locations, the number and frequency of different lightning strike types, and the lightning strike density in different line sections are statistically analyzed to generate a line lightning strike distribution map and statistical report, which serve as the results of the transmission line lightning strike distribution analysis.

[0054] Example 3 like Figure 4 As shown, the present invention also provides an electronic device, which may be a computer device, a microcontroller device, a smart mobile device, etc. The electronic device in this embodiment may include a processor, a memory, a transceiver component, etc. The memory, processor, and transceiver component are connected via a bus; the memory can be used to store executable programs, and an exemplary executable program may include instructions; the processor is used to execute the instructions stored in the memory. The memory can also be used to store data, which can be accessed and / or modified when instructions are executed.

[0055] The processor may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or it may be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. It is the computing core and control core of the terminal, and it is suitable for implementing one or more instructions. Specifically, it is suitable for loading and executing one or more instructions in the storage medium to realize the corresponding method flow or corresponding function, so as to realize the steps of the transmission line lightning strike distribution analysis method in the above embodiments.

[0056] Example 4 Based on the same inventive concept, this invention also provides a readable storage medium, specifically an electronic device readable storage medium (Memory). This readable storage medium is a memory device within an electronic device used to store programs and data. It is understood that the storage medium here can include both built-in storage media within the electronic device and extended storage media supported by the electronic device. The storage medium provides storage space, which stores the terminal's operating system. Furthermore, this storage space also stores one or more instructions suitable for loading and execution by a processor. These instructions can be one or more executable programs (including program code). It should be noted that the storage medium here can be high-speed RAM or non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device. Loading and executing one or more instructions stored in the storage medium by the processor can implement the steps of the transmission line lightning strike distribution analysis method described in the above embodiments.

[0057] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0058] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0059] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0060] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0061] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit its scope of protection. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that after reading the present invention, they can still make various changes, modifications or equivalent substitutions to the specific implementation methods of the application, but these changes, modifications or equivalent substitutions are all within the scope of protection of the claims pending approval.

Claims

1. A method for analyzing lightning strike distribution on power transmission lines, characterized in that, include: Spatiotemporal correlation matching is performed on the transient waveform data of transmission lines and lightning data to obtain lightning strike waveform data; Based on the lightning strike waveform data, the location of the lightning strike point is calculated using the traveling wave propagation two-end positioning principle combined with transmission line data. The feature parameters of the lightning strike waveform data are extracted and compared with the pre-built waveform feature criterion library for each lightning strike type to determine the lightning strike type identification result. Statistical analysis is performed on the lightning strike locations and lightning strike type identification results to generate a line lightning strike distribution map and statistical report, which serve as the analysis results of lightning strike distribution on transmission lines.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process of performing spatiotemporal correlation matching on transient waveform data of transmission lines and lightning data to obtain lightning strike waveform data includes: Transient waveform data of transmission lines are acquired using a distributed fault monitoring system for transmission lines. Lightning location system is used to obtain lightning data; From the transient waveform data of the transmission line and the lightning data, the transient waveform data of the transmission line and the lightning data that simultaneously meet the preset time threshold and spatial threshold are selected as data pairs generated by the same lightning strike event; The transient waveform data of the transmission line in the data pair is used as the lightning strike waveform data.

3. The method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The step of selecting transmission line transient waveform data and lightning data that simultaneously meet preset time and space thresholds from the transmission line transient waveform data and the lightning data as data pairs generated from the same lightning strike event includes: The time difference between the occurrence time of transient waveform data of transmission lines and the occurrence time of lightning data is selected, and the transient waveform data of transmission lines and lightning data within the time threshold are selected. From the lightning data within the time threshold, lightning data that meets the spatial threshold is selected as the final lightning data; The transient waveform data of the transmission line within the time threshold and the final lightning data are taken as a data pair generated from the same lightning strike event.

4. The method as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The calculation of the lightning strike location based on the lightning waveform data, using the traveling wave propagation two-end positioning principle combined with transmission line data, includes: A lightning strike waveform front identification method is used to extract the wavefront of the lightning strike waveform signal from the lightning strike waveform data; Calculate the time difference between the arrival of the wavefront at different monitoring points on the transmission line; Based on the time difference, combined with the span information of the transmission line and the wave velocity of the lightning strike waveform, the location of the lightning strike point is calculated using the traveling wave propagation double-end positioning principle. The lightning strike waveform wavefront identification method includes one or more of the following: wavelet transform, mathematical morphological filtering, variational mode decomposition, and Hilbert-Huang transform.

5. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of extracting feature parameters from the lightning strike waveform data and comparing them with a pre-built waveform feature criterion library for each lightning strike type to determine the lightning strike type identification result includes: Extract the characteristic parameters of the lightning strike waveform data; Based on the aforementioned feature parameters, the lightning strike type of the lightning strike waveform data is determined by using the waveform feature judgment criteria in the waveform feature criterion library for each lightning strike type. The characteristic parameters include waveform amplitude, waveform positive and negative peak values, and main wave width; the waveform characteristic criterion library for lightning strike types is constructed based on the waveform characteristic parameters of different phases of the lightning strike waveform; each lightning strike type includes one or more of the following: lightning strike on conductor, lightning strike on ground wire, lightning strike on tower, and lightning strike on the ground.

6. The method as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The step of determining the lightning strike type of the lightning waveform data based on the aforementioned feature parameters and using waveform feature judgment criteria from the waveform feature criterion library for each lightning strike type includes: If the waveform amplitude detected in one phase of an AC line is more than twice the waveform amplitude detected in two or three phases of the AC line, then the lightning strike type of the lightning waveform data is determined to be a lightning strike on a conductor. If the amplitude ratio of the waveform amplitudes of the one-phase, two-phase, and three-phase waveforms does not exceed the preset amplitude ratio threshold, the waveform amplitudes are all greater than 100kA, the absolute value ratio of the positive and negative peak values ​​of each phase waveform is within the preset absolute value ratio threshold, and the main wave width is less than 20μs, then the lightning strike type of the lightning waveform data is determined to be a lightning strike to the ground wire. If the amplitude ratio of the waveform amplitudes of the one-phase, two-phase, and three-phase waveforms does not exceed the preset amplitude ratio threshold, the waveform amplitude is greater than 100kA, and the main wave width is greater than 40μs, then the lightning strike type of the lightning waveform data is determined to be a lightning strike on a tower. If the amplitude ratio of the waveform amplitudes of the first phase, second phase, and third phase does not exceed the preset amplitude ratio threshold, and the waveform amplitude of each phase is less than 100kA, then the lightning strike type of the lightning waveform data is determined to be lightning strike to the ground.

7. The method as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The amplitude ratio threshold is 0.8 to 1.2; the absolute value ratio threshold is 0.9 to 1.

1.

8. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The statistical analysis of the lightning strike location and lightning strike type identification results, generating a line lightning strike distribution map and statistical report, serves as the analysis result of the transmission line lightning strike distribution, including: From the lightning strike location and lightning strike type identification results, select the lightning strike location and lightning strike type identification results of all lightning strike events of the target transmission line within a specified time period; Based on the identification results of the lightning strike locations and lightning strike types of all lightning strike events on the target transmission line within a specified time period, the number of lightning strikes in different geographical locations, the number and frequency of different lightning strike types, and the lightning strike density in different line sections are statistically analyzed to generate a line lightning strike distribution map and statistical report, which serve as the results of the transmission line lightning strike distribution analysis.

9. A system for analyzing the distribution of lightning strikes on power transmission lines, characterized in that, include: The system includes a lightning waveform data generation module, a lightning strike location determination module, a lightning strike type identification module, and a lightning strike distribution analysis module. The lightning waveform data generation module is used to perform spatiotemporal correlation matching between the transient waveform data of the transmission line and the lightning data to obtain the lightning waveform data. The lightning strike location determination module is used to calculate the lightning strike location based on the lightning waveform data, using the traveling wave propagation double-end positioning principle combined with transmission line data; The lightning strike type identification module is used to extract the feature parameters of the lightning strike waveform data, compare them with the pre-built waveform feature criterion library of each lightning strike type, and determine the lightning strike type identification result. The lightning strike distribution analysis module is used to perform statistical analysis on the lightning strike location and the lightning strike type identification results, and generate a line lightning strike distribution map and statistical report as the results of the transmission line lightning strike distribution analysis.

10. The system as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The lightning strike waveform data generation module includes: The power transmission line transient waveform data acquisition submodule is used to acquire power transmission line transient waveform data using the power transmission line distributed fault monitoring system; The lightning data acquisition submodule is used to acquire lightning data using the lightning location system; The lightning strike data pair determination submodule is used to filter out the transient waveform data of the transmission line and the lightning data that simultaneously meet the preset time threshold and spatial threshold from the transient waveform data of the transmission line and the lightning data, and use them as data pairs generated by the same lightning strike event; The lightning strike waveform data determination submodule is used to take the transient waveform data of the transmission line in the data pair as the lightning strike waveform data.

11. The system as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that, The lightning strike data determination submodule is specifically used for: The time difference between the occurrence time of transient waveform data of transmission lines and the occurrence time of lightning data is selected, and the transient waveform data of transmission lines and lightning data within the time threshold are selected. From the lightning data within the time threshold, lightning data that meets the spatial threshold is selected as the final lightning data; The transient waveform data of the transmission line within the time threshold and the final lightning data are taken as a data pair generated from the same lightning strike event.

12. The system as described in claim 9 or 10, characterized in that, The lightning strike location determination module is specifically used for: A lightning strike waveform front identification method is used to extract the wavefront of the lightning strike waveform signal from the lightning strike waveform data; Calculate the time difference between the arrival of the wavefront at different monitoring points on the transmission line; Based on the time difference, combined with the span information of the transmission line and the wave velocity of the lightning strike waveform, the location of the lightning strike point is calculated using the traveling wave propagation double-end positioning principle. The lightning strike waveform wavefront identification method includes one or more of the following: wavelet transform, mathematical morphological filtering, variational mode decomposition, and Hilbert-Huang transform.

13. The system as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The lightning strike type identification module includes: The feature parameter extraction submodule is used to extract the feature parameters of the lightning strike waveform data; The lightning strike type determination submodule is used to determine the lightning strike type of the lightning strike waveform data based on the feature parameters and using the waveform feature judgment criteria in the waveform feature criterion library for each lightning strike type. The characteristic parameters include waveform amplitude, waveform positive and negative peak values, and main wave width; the waveform characteristic criterion library for lightning strike types is constructed based on the waveform characteristic parameters of different phases of the lightning strike waveform; each lightning strike type includes one or more of the following: lightning strike on conductor, lightning strike on ground wire, lightning strike on tower, and lightning strike on the ground.

14. The system as described in claim 13, characterized in that, The lightning strike type determination submodule is specifically used for: If the waveform amplitude detected in one phase of an AC line is more than twice the waveform amplitude detected in two or three phases of the AC line, then the lightning strike type of the lightning waveform data is determined to be a lightning strike on a conductor. If the amplitude ratio of the waveform amplitudes of the one-phase, two-phase, and three-phase waveforms does not exceed the preset amplitude ratio threshold, the waveform amplitudes are all greater than 100kA, the absolute value ratio of the positive and negative peak values ​​of each phase waveform is within the preset absolute value ratio threshold, and the main wave width is less than 20μs, then the lightning strike type of the lightning waveform data is determined to be a lightning strike to the ground wire. If the amplitude ratio of the waveform amplitudes of the one-phase, two-phase, and three-phase waveforms does not exceed the preset amplitude ratio threshold, the waveform amplitude is greater than 100kA, and the main wave width is greater than 40μs, then the lightning strike type of the lightning waveform data is determined to be a lightning strike on a tower. If the amplitude ratio of the waveform amplitudes of the first phase, second phase, and third phase does not exceed the preset amplitude ratio threshold, and the waveform amplitude of each phase is less than 100kA, then the lightning strike type of the lightning waveform data is determined to be lightning strike to the ground.

15. The system as described in claim 14, characterized in that, The amplitude ratio threshold is 0.8 to 1.2; the absolute value ratio threshold is 0.9 to 1.

1.

16. The system as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The lightning strike distribution analysis module is specifically used for: From the lightning strike location and lightning strike type identification results, select the lightning strike location and lightning strike type identification results of all lightning strike events of the target transmission line within a specified time period; Based on the identification results of the lightning strike locations and lightning strike types of all lightning strike events on the target transmission line within a specified time period, the number of lightning strikes in different geographical locations, the number and frequency of different lightning strike types, and the lightning strike density in different line sections are statistically analyzed to generate a line lightning strike distribution map and statistical report, which serve as the results of the transmission line lightning strike distribution analysis.

17. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: At least one processor and memory; The memory and processor are connected via a bus; The memory is used to store one or more programs; When the one or more programs are executed by the at least one processor, a method for analyzing the distribution of lightning strikes on transmission lines as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 is implemented.

18. A readable storage medium, characterized in that, It contains an execution program, which, when executed, implements a method for analyzing the distribution of lightning strikes on transmission lines as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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