Multifunctional tester for power system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of multifunctional testers, in particular to a multifunctional tester for an electric power system, which comprises a rectangular shell, four footstands are arranged on the back of the shell, a driving mechanism is arranged in the shell, and the footstands are distributed at four corners of the rectangular shell. A storage groove is formed in the position, corresponding to each footstand, of the back of the shell, a sensor detection rod is installed in the shell and corresponds to each storage groove, and a negative pressure suction assembly is arranged in each footstand. The driving mechanism comprises a miniature electric cylinder which drives the sensor detection rods to rotate inside and outside relative to the containing groove, and when the four footstands are attracted in a linkage mode, the four sensor detection rods can also rotate and extend out of the containing groove to the four detection positions of the switch cabinet. The operation process is obviously simplified, and the detection efficiency and convenience are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of multifunctional tester technology, and in particular to a multifunctional tester for power systems. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of power system operation and maintenance, the safe and stable operation of switchgear (including various distribution cabinets and boxes) is of paramount importance. Real-time and effective monitoring of key parameters such as temperature and insulation status (e.g., leakage current) is an important means of preventing faults and ensuring power supply reliability.

[0003] Existing testing instruments for detecting temperature, leakage current, and static electricity in switchgear (or distribution cabinets and other cabinet-type equipment) typically employ handheld testing instruments for point measurements, or require complex mounting devices to temporarily install the testing instruments on the cabinet surface for extended online monitoring. While handheld testing is flexible, it struggles to achieve continuous and stable monitoring and is inefficient due to its reliance on manual operation. Using temporary mounting devices to fix the instruments to the testing points is often cumbersome. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a multifunctional tester for power systems, comprising a rectangular housing with feet on its back and a drive mechanism inside. The feet are located at the four corners of the rectangular housing. A storage slot is provided on the back of the housing relative to each foot. A sensor detection rod is installed inside the housing relative to each storage slot. Each foot contains a set of negative pressure suction components. The drive mechanism includes a miniature electric cylinder that drives the sensor detection rod to rotate inside and outside the storage slot. The drive mechanism also drives the negative pressure suction components. When the sensor detection rod rotates from inside the housing to the back of the housing under the drive mechanism, the four sets of negative pressure suction components simultaneously complete the negative pressure suction action under the drive mechanism.

[0005] As a further preferred embodiment, the inner end of the foot is vertically inserted into the housing and has a piston chamber, the outer end of the foot protrudes from the back of the housing and has a flared surface, and a negative pressure hole is opened from the flared surface to the piston chamber. The negative pressure suction assembly includes a piston that slides in the piston chamber, and the power end of the piston is connected to the drive mechanism.

[0006] As a further preferred embodiment, the negative pressure suction assembly further includes a stop mounted on the inner end of the foot seat, and the negative pressure suction assembly further includes a spring elastically connected between the piston and the stop.

[0007] As a further preferred embodiment, the driving mechanism includes two miniature electric cylinders fixed within the housing. The two miniature electric cylinders are located between two feet on the same side. The two feet on the same side have opposing lifting grooves. A lifting rod is provided between the two feet on the same side. The two ends of the lifting rod enter the two lifting grooves on the same side and are connected to the two pistons. The driving mechanism also includes a wedge block installed in the middle of the lifting rod. The actuating rod of the miniature electric cylinder extends toward the wedge block and is equipped with a driving seat that can form a pressing relationship with the wedge block.

[0008] As a further preferred embodiment, the two ends of the two lifting rods extend into the two receiving slots respectively. The driving mechanism also includes racks connected to the two ends of the two lifting rods. The sensor detection rod is rotatably connected to the housing through a rotating base. The rotating base is provided with a rotating shaft on which the sensor detection rod is rotatably connected. The driving mechanism also includes a gear fixed on the rotating shaft.

[0009] As a further preferred embodiment, the sensor detection rods in the four positions are of different types, wherein at least one of the sensor detection rods is a temperature detection sensor and at least one of the sensor detection rods is a leakage current detection sensor.

[0010] As a further preferred embodiment, the housing is provided with an integrated module, the detection signal of the sensor detection rod is fed back to the integrated module, the front of the housing is provided with an operation panel, the operation panel is provided with buttons, and the sensor detection rod and the miniature electric cylinder are electrically connected to the integrated module.

[0011] As a further preferred embodiment, the periphery of the integrated module is close to all the storage slots, which are elongated and opened along the periphery of the integrated module.

[0012] As a further preferred embodiment, the integrated module (21) includes a detection coordination unit, a dynamic response unit, and a remote interaction unit. The detection system unit is configured with a coordination strategy, which generates detection coordination information based on the acquired detection task information to generate detection instructions. The dynamic response unit extracts the corresponding detection response index based on the detection task and retrieves a correction response program from a preset detection instruction table based on the detection response index. The correction response program is associated with correction conditions, and when the correction conditions are met, the correction response program is executed to correct the corresponding detection instructions. The remote interaction unit is configured with a format conversion strategy, which is used to convert the display data according to the display format elements of the interactive terminal and generate corresponding format conversion information, and send the format conversion information to the corresponding interactive terminal.

[0013] As a further preferred embodiment, the correction condition is configured with a reference detection vector. When the deviation between the measured feature vector and the reference detection vector is greater than a preset value, the dynamic response unit is configured with a vector calculation algorithm. The vector calculation algorithm is used to calculate the corresponding measured feature vector based on the electrostatic feature component, leakage current feature component, current feature component, voltage feature component, and temperature feature component.

[0014] The advantages of this invention compared to the prior art are:

[0015] 1. By triggering a single drive mechanism, the negative pressure suction action of all four feet can be completed simultaneously and synchronously, ensuring the instrument is firmly fixed on the switch cabinet being tested. Using a linkage mechanism, when the four feet are suctioned, the four sensor detection rods can also be rotated and extended from the storage slot to the four detection positions on the switch cabinet. This significantly simplifies the operation process and greatly improves testing efficiency and convenience.

[0016] 2. The four corner feet and their built-in negative pressure suction components move precisely and synchronously under the control of the drive mechanism, allowing the instrument to be evenly and firmly adsorbed onto the switch cabinet surface through four independent negative pressure suction points. This four-point synchronous adsorption method effectively resists vibration and displacement, providing a solid physical basis for the continuous and stable operation of the sensor, and greatly improving the accuracy and reliability of the detection data.

[0017] 3. The sensor detection rod is cleverly integrated with the drive mechanism and storage slot, enabling it to automatically rotate and extend into place during detection and automatically rotate and reset to be stored in the housing after use. This not only eliminates the hassle of manually deploying and retrieving the probe, ensuring the consistency and protection of sensor positioning, but also makes the instrument more compact, portable, and easy to store. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a multifunctional tester for a power system from a frontal perspective, provided for an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a multifunctional tester for a power system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, viewed from the rear.

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a multifunctional tester for a power system after removing the top cover of the housing, provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 A multi-functional tester for a power system provided for embodiments of the present invention comprises... Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of part A;

[0022] Figure 5A multi-functional tester for a power system provided for embodiments of the present invention comprises... Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram from another perspective.

[0023] Figure 6 A multi-functional tester for a power system provided for embodiments of the present invention comprises... Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the process of partially dissecting the footstock and removing the lifting rod along with the piston from the piston chamber inside the footstock.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Housing; 2. Foot; 101. Drive mechanism; 3. Storage slot; 4. Sensor detection rod; 5. Negative pressure suction assembly; 6. Miniature electric cylinder; 7. Piston chamber; 8. Horn surface; 9. Negative pressure hole; 10. Piston; 11. Stop; 12. Spring; 13. Lifting groove; 14. Lifting rod; 15. Wedge block; 16. Drive seat; 17. Rack; 18. Rotary seat; 19. Rotating shaft; 20. Gear; 21. Integrated module; 22. Operation panel. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The above and other embodiments and advantages of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0026] In one implementation, such as Figures 1-6 As shown:

[0027] This embodiment provides a multifunctional tester for a power system, including a rectangular housing 1. The back of the housing 1 has feet 2. A drive mechanism 101 is located inside the housing 1. The feet 2 are located at the four corners of the rectangular housing 1. A storage slot 3 is provided on the back of the housing 1 relative to each foot 2. A sensor detection rod 4 is installed inside the housing 1 relative to each storage slot 3. Each foot 2 has a set of negative pressure suction components 5. The drive mechanism 101 includes a miniature electric cylinder 6 that drives the sensor detection rod 4 to rotate inside and outside the storage slot 3. The drive mechanism 101 also drives the negative pressure suction components 5. When the sensor detection rod 4 rotates from inside the housing 1 to the back of the housing 1 under the drive mechanism 101, the four sets of negative pressure suction components 5 simultaneously complete the negative pressure suction action under the drive mechanism 101.

[0028] In use, the micro electric cylinder 6 in the drive mechanism 101 drives the negative pressure suction component 5 to complete the negative pressure suction action in the foot seat 2, so that a negative pressure suction force is formed inside the foot seat 2. This negative pressure suction force is used to attach the foot seat 2 to the switch cabinet being tested, and the entire multi-functional tester is attached to the switch cabinet (or other distribution cabinet, box, or outer wall, hereinafter described using a switch cabinet as an example) being tested via the foot seat 2. The foot seat 2 is distributed in four places on the back of the housing 1, so that four suction points are formed on the back of the multi-functional tester. Each foot seat 2 is equipped with a set of negative pressure suction components 5. The drive mechanism 101 causes the four sets of negative pressure suction components 5 to suction simultaneously, so that the four foot seats 2 are attached to the switch cabinet at the same time, improving stability. By installing the entire multi-functional tester onto the switch cabinet in this way, the multi-functional tester provides convenience for testing the switch cabinet and achieves the purpose of real-time testing. In addition, while the drive mechanism 101 drives the four feet 2 to complete the suction action, it also drives the sensor detection rods 4 in the four directions to rotate from inside the housing 1 through the storage slot 3 to the back of the tester (mainly the detection end and probe end of the sensor detection rod 4 are moved from inside the housing 1 to the back of the tester), and the probe end is attached to the switch cabinet being tested. For example, if the sensor detection rod 4 is a temperature detection sensor, it can continuously detect the temperature of the switch cabinet in continuous suction mode. If the sensor detection rod 4 is a leakage current detection sensor, it can continuously detect the leakage current of the switch cabinet in continuous suction mode. After use, the miniature electric cylinder 6 moves in the reverse direction, driven in the reverse direction, causing the piston 10 to retract along the piston cavity back to the negative pressure hole 9, and expelling the negative pressure in the piston cavity 7, causing the negative pressure effect in the negative pressure suction assembly 5 to disappear. At the same time, the sensor detection rods 4 in the four directions are synchronously rotated and reset into the housing 1 due to the reverse linkage of the drive mechanism 101. Thus, this detection function, through a trigger action of the drive mechanism 101, enables the multi-functional tester to simultaneously perform suction and detection functions, making operation convenient. When the sensor detection rod 4 deflects into the housing 1, the storage slot 3 remains open. The storage slot 3 also forms a heat dissipation channel on the back of the instrument, allowing the electrical components inside the multi-functional tester to dissipate heat and improve functionality.

[0029] The sensor detection rod 4 is cleverly integrated with the drive mechanism 101 and the storage slot 3, enabling it to automatically rotate and extend into place during detection, and automatically rotate and reset to be stored in the housing 1 after use. This not only eliminates the hassle of manually deploying and retrieving the probe, ensuring the consistency and protection of sensor positioning, but also makes the instrument more compact, portable, and easy to store.

[0030] The four corner feet 2 and their built-in negative pressure suction components 5 move precisely and synchronously under the control of the drive mechanism 101, allowing the instrument to be evenly and firmly adsorbed onto the switch cabinet surface through four independent negative pressure suction points. This four-point synchronous adsorption method effectively resists vibration and displacement, providing a solid physical basis for the continuous and stable operation of the sensor, and greatly improving the accuracy and reliability of the detection data.

[0031] The inner end of the foot 2 vertically enters the housing 1 and has a piston chamber 7. The outer end of the foot 2 protrudes from the back of the housing 1 and has a horn surface 8. A negative pressure hole 9 is opened from the horn surface 8 to the piston chamber 7. The negative pressure suction assembly 5 includes a piston 10 that slides in the piston chamber 7. The power end of the piston 10 is connected to the drive mechanism 101. In use, the horn surface 8 acts as a suction surface and fits onto the switch cabinet being tested. The drive mechanism 101 drives the piston 10 to move inward along the piston chamber 7 of the foot 2, causing a negative pressure suction force to be generated at one end of the piston chamber 7 relative to the negative pressure hole 9. This forces the foot 2 to be adsorbed onto the switch cabinet being tested through one end of the horn surface 8. The four feet 2 form four negative pressure suction points on the switch cabinet being tested, so as to continuously adsorb the entire multi-functional tester onto the switch cabinet being tested, completing the pre-fixation of the multi-functional tester before testing the switch cabinet. The four suction points improve the fixation stability of the multi-functional tester and the housing 1.

[0032] The negative pressure suction assembly 5 also includes a stop 11 installed at the inner end of the foot 2, and a spring 12 elastically connected between the piston 10 and the stop 11. When the drive mechanism 101 provides a driving force to the piston 10, causing the piston 10 to move along the piston chamber 7 and provide negative pressure suction relative to the negative pressure hole 9, the spring 12 will compress and shorten and store elastic force; conversely, when the drive mechanism 101 releases free force to the piston 10 in the opposite direction, the spring 12 returns to its original state and assists the piston 10 to return to its original position, so that the negative pressure suction is eliminated.

[0033] The specific composition and structure of the drive mechanism 101 are described as follows: The drive mechanism 101 includes two miniature electric cylinders 6 fixed inside the housing 1. The two miniature electric cylinders 6 are located between two feet 2 on the same side. The two feet 2 on the same side are provided with opposing lifting grooves 13. A lifting rod 14 is provided between the two feet 2 on the same side. The two ends of the lifting rod 14 enter the two lifting grooves 13 on the same side and are connected to the two pistons 10. The drive mechanism 101 also includes a wedge block 15 installed in the middle of the lifting rod 14. The actuating rod of the miniature electric cylinder 6 extends to the wedge block 15 and is equipped with a drive seat 16 that can form a squeezing relationship with the wedge block 15. Two miniature electric cylinders 6 provide power. When the miniature electric cylinders 6 are energized, their actuators drive the drive seat 16 to move relative to the wedge block 15 on the lifting rod 14 on the same side. When the drive seat 16 moves to a position where it crushes the wedge block 15, the wedge surface of the wedge block 15 is subjected to force, forcing the wedge block 15 to move inward. The wedge block 15 drives the lifting rod 14 to move inward, and the lifting rod 14 drives the piston 10 in the two feet 2 on the same side to move inward along the piston chamber 7, so that the two feet 2 on the same side generate negative pressure at the same time and are attracted to the switch cabinet being tested. Similarly, the miniature electric cylinder 6 on the other side is connected in series with the miniature electric cylinder 6 on the first side and is energized at the same time. Through symmetrical driving, the two feet 2 on the other side can also be quickly attracted to the switch cabinet. The two miniature electric cylinders 6 control the four feet 2 to complete the attraction at the same time, saving power.

[0034] The two ends of the two lifting rods 14 extend into the two storage slots 3 respectively. The drive mechanism 101 also includes a rack 17 connected to the two ends of the two lifting rods 14. The sensor detection rod 4 is rotated into the housing 1 through a rotating base 18. The rotating base 18 is provided with a rotating shaft 19 on which the sensor detection rod 4 is rotated. The drive mechanism 101 also includes a gear 20 fixed on the rotating shaft 19. When the lifting rods 14 move inward, they also move the rack 17 inward. The rack 17 meshes with the gear 20 to rotate, and the gear 20 drives the rotating shaft 19 to rotate. The rotating shaft 19 drives the sensor detection rod 4 to deflect, so that the detection end of the sensor detection rod 4 passes through the storage slot 3 and deflects to the back of the housing 1 (detector) to rest on the detection point to complete synchronous detection. The drive mechanism 101 transmits power to the four feet 2 to complete the adsorption, and also transmits power to the sensor detection rod 4, so that the sensor detection rod 4 switches from the storage state to the detection state, saving power.

[0035] Moreover, after the test is completed, when it is necessary to release the suction force on the four feet 2, the actuating rod of the miniature electric cylinder 6 retracts back into the cylinder body and drives the lifting rod 14 to move in the opposite direction. The lifting rod 14 drives the rack 17 to move in the opposite direction, the rack 17 drives the gear 20 to rotate in the opposite direction, the gear 20 drives the rotating shaft 19 to rotate in the opposite direction, and the rotating shaft 19 drives the sensor detection rod 4 to rotate back in the opposite direction to be stored and protected in the housing 1.

[0036] The sensor detection rods 4 in the four positions are of different types. At least one sensor detection rod 4 is a temperature detection sensor, and at least one sensor detection rod 4 is a leakage current detection sensor. Although the detection ends of these four sensor detection rods 4 are placed on multiple detection points after being rotated outward, their different types are used to perform multiple index detections on multiple detection points on the switch cabinet.

[0037] An integrated module 21 is housed within the housing 1. The detection signal from the sensor detection rod 4 is fed back to the integrated module 21. An operation panel 22 is located on the front of the housing 1, and buttons are provided on the operation panel 22. The sensor detection rod 4 and the miniature electric cylinder 6 are electrically connected to the integrated module 21. In use, pressing the button on the operation panel 22 controls the miniature electric cylinder 6 to be energized and activated. Simultaneously, the detected information is fed back to the display screen of the operation panel 22, making the detection method more convenient and the detection results more intuitive.

[0038] The periphery of the integrated module 21 is close to all the storage slots 3. The storage slots 3 are elongated and are opened along the periphery of the integrated module 21. The storage slots 3 are not completely closed, which is equivalent to leaving heat dissipation channels on the back of the detector. Moreover, these storage slots 3 are close to the periphery of the integrated module 21, so that the heat generated by the integrated module 21 during operation can be effectively released.

[0039] The integrated module (21) includes a detection collaboration unit, a dynamic response unit, and a remote interaction unit. The detection system unit is configured with a collaboration strategy, which generates detection collaboration information based on the acquired detection task information to generate detection instructions. The dynamic response unit extracts the corresponding detection response index based on the detection task and retrieves a correction response program from a preset detection instruction table based on the detection response index. The correction response program is associated with correction conditions, and when the correction conditions are met, the correction response program is executed to correct the corresponding detection instructions. The remote interaction unit is configured with a format conversion strategy, which is used to convert the display data according to the display format elements of the interactive terminal and generate corresponding format conversion information, and send the format conversion information to the corresponding interactive terminal. The purpose of this step is to enable the detector to work independently when away from the staff and to dynamically adjust the detection task in real time according to the detection results in order to achieve the detection purpose and detect abnormalities. This avoids the problem of repeated reconfiguration when the detection conditions are separated from the detection personnel in complex detection scenarios. By modifying the dynamic triggering logic of the conditions, the task can be dynamically adjusted. At the same time, in this mode, the data to be displayed (the data originally output on the interactive interface) can be directly displayed on the terminal through protocol conversion. This reduces human interference and ensures that the entire device operates in the same way as the actual environment, thus improving reliability.

[0040] The correction condition is configured with a reference detection vector. When the deviation between the measured feature vector and the reference detection vector is greater than a preset value, the dynamic response unit is configured with a vector calculation algorithm. The vector calculation algorithm is used to calculate the corresponding measured feature vector based on the electrostatic feature component, leakage current feature component, current feature component, voltage feature component and temperature feature component.

[0041] The following is a detailed description of the system's computational components:

[0042] The integrated module and its corresponding strategies are as follows: The integrated module (21) is the core control and processing unit of the switchgear multi-functional tester, which includes a detection coordination unit, a dynamic response unit and a remote interaction unit. Each unit realizes intelligent detection and data processing through specific strategies, as follows: It is responsible for coordinating the working rhythm and task allocation of multiple sensor detection rods to ensure that multi-parameter detection is carried out efficiently and synchronously. According to the obtained detection task information, such as "continuously monitor the temperature and leakage status of the A phase bus of the switchgear" and "timely detect the static electricity and current fluctuation of the cabinet", detection coordination information such as sensor start-up order, data acquisition frequency, priority sorting, etc. is generated, and finally converted into specific detection instructions such as "temperature sensor collects once every 10 seconds, leakage sensor collects once every 30 seconds, and prioritizes the real-time performance of temperature data". When multiple sensor detection rods such as temperature, leakage and current sensors work at the same time, data conflict or resource waste is avoided. The acquisition frequency is dynamically adjusted through task priority. For example, when the detection task is "fault troubleshooting", all sensors are acquired at the highest frequency; when it is "daily inspection", the acquisition frequency of non-critical parameters is reduced to save energy. The dynamic response unit functions as follows: It monitors the rationality of test data in real time, and automatically corrects test commands to improve accuracy or relevance when test results deviate from the normal range. The correction response strategy involves: first, based on the current test task, such as "temperature anomaly investigation"; extracting the corresponding "test response index," such as an index associated with "temperature-current-insulation" parameters; retrieving the matching "correction response program" from the preset test command table, such as "when the temperature exceeds the limit, increase the current sensor sampling frequency and start leakage current retest"; and when the "correction condition" is met, such as when the measured value deviates from the benchmark value by more than a preset threshold, executing the correction program to adjust the test commands, such as increasing the number of tests or expanding the test range. The core of this strategy is dynamic adaptability: adjusting the test logic through real-time feedback to avoid missed detections or misjudgments caused by fixed test modes. The remote interaction unit functions as follows: enabling data interaction between the tester and external terminals such as mobile apps, monitoring platforms, and maintenance computers, ensuring that different terminals can directly read and display data.

[0043] Format Conversion Strategy: Based on the display format requirements of the interactive terminals (e.g., mobile apps require concise data in JSON format, monitoring platforms require detailed logs in CSV format, and maintenance computers require chart-based data), the raw detection data undergoes format conversion processes such as data compression, field filtering, and chart rendering to generate and send format conversion information adapted to the terminals. The core of this strategy is cross-terminal compatibility: resolving the issue of incompatible data formats across different devices and improving the convenience of data sharing and remote monitoring.

[0044] The specific scenarios are as follows: Using two examples from actual switchgear testing scenarios, the functional value of the integrated module is illustrated:

[0045] Example 1: Multi-parameter collaborative detection scenario

[0046] Testing task: To conduct "daily operation status monitoring" on 10kV switchgear, which requires simultaneous detection of cabinet temperature (top and bottom), cabinet door leakage current, and cabinet static electricity.

[0047] The collaborative strategy of the detection unit generates instructions based on the "daily inspection" task: "Top temperature sensor, collect data once every 60 seconds; bottom temperature sensor, collect data once every 60 seconds; leakage current sensor, collect data once every 120 seconds; electrostatic discharge sensor, collect data once every 180 seconds," prioritizing real-time transmission of temperature data. If the bottom temperature is found to be slightly higher than the historical average during detection, the collaborative strategy automatically adjusts: "Bottom temperature sensor collection frequency increased to 30 seconds / time, other sensors maintain their original frequency," focusing on anomalies without affecting overall detection efficiency. This avoids excessive energy consumption caused by all sensors operating at high frequencies, while ensuring that abnormal parameters are monitored, achieving "resource allocation on demand." Dynamic correction scenario for abnormal data: Detection task: "Current and temperature monitoring of switchgear under circuit breaker closed state." The preset detection instructions are: "Current sensor collects data once every 5 seconds, temperature sensor collects data once every 5 seconds." During the test, the measured value of the current sensor was 120A, while the reference value was 80-100A. The dynamic response unit extracted the "current abnormality" response index and called up the correction program "when the current exceeds the limit, the sampling frequency of the temperature sensor is increased to 2 seconds / time, and the leakage current sensor is retested".

[0048] After execution, the high-frequency temperature sensor detected a rapid rise in temperature at the circuit breaker wiring, for example, from 60℃ to 85℃. The correction program then triggered a "send warning signal to the remote terminal," upgrading from "passive detection" to "active warning." By dynamically correcting the detection commands, abnormal related parameters are captured in a timely manner, avoiding the omission of potential faults due to monitoring a single parameter, such as the cascading problem of "overcurrent leading to overheating" in this example.

[0049] The core concepts are explained as follows: Reference Detection Vector: This is an "ideal parameter vector" preset by historical data or industry standards under normal operating conditions of the switchgear, containing 5 components:

[0050] The reference vector includes: E as the electrostatic characteristic component (unit: kV), L as the leakage current characteristic component (unit: mA), I as the current characteristic component (unit: A), U as the voltage characteristic component (unit: kV), and T as the temperature characteristic component (unit: °C).

[0051] Measured feature vector: This is a parameter vector that the testing instrument collects in real time through sensors. Its form is: Deviation meaning: Refers to V measured With V base The difference between corresponding components (e.g., ΔE = E) measured -E base ), or the Euclidean distance of the global vector. The greater the deviation, the further the switchgear's operating status deviates from the normal range, and the higher the possibility of a fault risk.

[0052] The deviations illustrated by the examples are as follows:

[0053] Example 1 is a routine inspection scenario: reference vector V base =[5kV,0.5mA,90A,10kV,50a], measured vector V measured =[5.2kV, 0.6mA, 92A, 10.1kV, 52a].

[0054] Each component deviation is less than 5% (e.g., a temperature deviation of 2℃, which is 4% of the reference value). The overall deviation is small, and the dynamic response unit determines that the operation is "normal" and does not trigger the correction program.

[0055] Example 2 is an abnormal scenario: reference vector V base =[5kV,0.5mA,90A,10kV,50a], measured vector V measured = [6.5kV, 1.2mA, 120A, 10.5kV, 70a]. Temperature deviation of 20℃ accounts for 40% of the reference value, and current deviation of 30A accounts for 33% of the reference value, indicating significant overall deviation. The dynamic response unit determines "serious anomaly exists" and triggers a correction procedure, such as increasing the sampling frequency or activating an alarm. The calculation formulas for the reference detection vector and its components are as follows: Each component of the reference detection vector needs to be dynamically calculated based on the rated parameters of the switchgear, environmental conditions, and operating time, rather than being a fixed value.

[0056] The following are the calculation formulas and parameter descriptions for each component:

[0057] 1. Electrostatic characteristic component (E base )

[0058]

[0059] in:

[0060] k E Material coefficient for cabinets: 1.2 for metal cabinets and 0.8 for composite insulated cabinets;

[0061] E env Environmental electrostatic reference value, default 0.5kV, add 0.3kV for dry environment, subtract 0.2kV for humid environment;

[0062] I rated Rated current of switchgear, unit: A;

[0063] t op Continuous running time, in hours (h) and t (t). op ≥1.

[0064] Design logic: Static electricity is related to the cabinet material, ambient humidity, and operating time. The longer the operating time, the more charge accumulates. The impact of long-term operation is weakened by the exponential term to avoid excessive values.

[0065] 2. Leakage current characteristic component (L) base )

[0066] L base =k L ×(0.1×U rated +0.05×H env )

[0067] Parameter explanation:

[0068] k L Insulation class factor: 1.0 for Class A insulation and 1.5 for Class B insulation;

[0069] U rated Rated voltage of the switchgear, unit: kV;

[0070] H env Ambient humidity, unit: %RH, range: 30-90.

[0071] Design logic: Leakage current is positively correlated with voltage level. The higher the humidity, the worse the insulation performance and the higher the leakage current benchmark value. The tolerance of different cabinets is distinguished by the insulation level.

[0072] 3. Current characteristic component (I) base )

[0073] I base =0.8×I rated ×(1+0.02×T env )

[0074] Parameter explanation:

[0075] I rated Rated current of switchgear, unit: A;

[0076] T env Ambient temperature, unit: °C, range: -10 to 40.

[0077] Design logic: The normal operating current is usually 80% of the rated current, with a safety margin reserved. The current is allowed to increase slightly when the ambient temperature rises, simulating the small fluctuations of the actual load with temperature.

[0078] 4. Voltage characteristic component (U) base )

[0079] U base =U rated ×(1+0.01×sin(θ time ))

[0080] Parameter explanation:

[0081] U rated Rated voltage of the switchgear, unit: kV;

[0082] θ time : Time period angle, 0-2π, corresponding to 0-24 hours, such as 12 o'clock is π, 24 o'clock is 2π.

[0083] Design logic: Voltage fluctuates slightly between day and night, such as being slightly lower during peak hours and slightly higher during off-peak hours. A sine function is used to simulate the periodic changes, which is closer to the actual characteristics of the power grid.

[0084] 5. Temperature characteristic component (T) base )

[0085]

[0086] Parameter explanation:

[0087] T env Ambient temperature, unit: °C;

[0088] I real Real-time current, unit: A, average value of the 10 minutes prior to detection;

[0089] t op Continuous running time, in hours (h).

[0090] Design logic: Temperature is determined by ambient temperature, real-time current and operating time. By weakening the extreme effects of large current in several terms, the cumulative effect of long-term operation is reflected by the square root term.

[0091] 6. Synthesis of the benchmark detection vector

[0092] V base =[E base ,L base ,I base U base ,T base ]

[0093] After calculating each component using the above formula, they are combined into a complete benchmark detection vector, providing a basis for judgment for the dynamic response unit.

[0094] The above orientation references do not represent the specific orientations of each component in this implementation scheme. This implementation scheme is only for the convenience of describing the scheme and to make relative descriptions based on the orientations of the references. In reality, the specific orientations of each component are based on their actual installation and use, as well as the orientation descriptions that are customary to those skilled in the art. This is hereby stated.

[0095] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the inventive purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In particular, it should be noted that any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional tester for power systems, characterized in that, The enclosure includes a rectangular shell (1), with feet (2) on the back. A drive mechanism (101) is located inside the shell (1). The feet (2) are located at four corners of the rectangular shell (1). A storage slot (3) is provided on the back of the shell (1) at each foot (2). A sensor detection rod (4) is installed inside the shell (1) relative to each storage slot (3). Each foot (2) contains a negative pressure suction device. The assembly (5) includes a driving mechanism (101) that drives the sensor detection rod (4) to rotate inside and outside the storage slot (3). The driving mechanism (101) also drives the negative pressure suction assembly (5). When the sensor detection rod (4) rotates from inside the housing (1) to the back of the housing (1) under the drive of the driving mechanism (101), the four sets of negative pressure suction assemblies (5) simultaneously complete the negative pressure suction action under the drive of the driving mechanism (101).

2. The multifunctional tester for a power system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner end of the foot (2) is vertically inserted into the housing (1) and has a piston chamber (7). The outer end of the foot (2) protrudes from the back of the housing (1) and has a horn surface (8). A negative pressure hole (9) is opened from the horn surface (8) to the piston chamber (7). The negative pressure suction assembly (5) includes a piston (10) that slides in the piston chamber (7). The power end of the piston (10) is connected to the drive mechanism (101).

3. A multifunctional tester for a power system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The negative pressure suction assembly (5) also includes a stop (11) installed at the inner end of the foot (2), and the negative pressure suction assembly (5) also includes a spring (12) elastically connected between the piston (10) and the stop (11).

4. A multifunctional tester for a power system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The drive mechanism (101) includes a miniature electric cylinder (6) fixed inside the housing (1). There are two miniature electric cylinders (6), which are located between the two feet (2) on the same side. The two feet (2) on the same side are provided with opposing lifting grooves (13). A lifting rod (14) is provided between the two feet (2) on the same side. The two ends of the lifting rod (14) enter the two lifting grooves (13) on the same side and are connected to the two pistons (10). The drive mechanism (101) also includes a wedge block (15) installed in the middle of the lifting rod (14). The actuating rod of the miniature electric cylinder (6) extends toward the wedge block (15) and is equipped with a drive seat (16) that can form a squeezing relationship with the wedge block (15).

5. A multifunctional tester for a power system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The two ends of the two lifting rods (14) extend into the two storage slots (3) respectively. The drive mechanism (101) also includes a rack (17) connected to the two ends of the two lifting rods (14). The sensor detection rod (4) is rotatably connected to the housing (1) through a rotating seat (18). The rotating seat (18) is provided with a rotating shaft (19) on which the sensor detection rod (4) is rotatably connected. The drive mechanism (101) also includes a gear (20) fixed on the rotating shaft (19).

6. A multifunctional tester for a power system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The sensor detection rods (4) in the four positions are of different types, with at least one of the sensor detection rods (4) being a temperature detection sensor and at least one of the sensor detection rods (4) being a leakage current detection sensor.

7. A multifunctional tester for a power system according to claim 6, characterized in that, An integrated module (21) is provided inside the housing (1). The detection signal of the sensor detection rod (4) is fed back to the integrated module (21). An operation panel (22) is provided on the front of the housing (1). A button is provided on the operation panel (22). The sensor detection rod (4) and the miniature electric cylinder (6) are electrically connected to the integrated module (21).

8. A multifunctional tester for a power system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The periphery of the integrated module (21) is close to all the storage slots (3), which are elongated and are opened along the periphery of the integrated module (21).

9. A multifunctional tester for a power system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The integrated module (21) includes a detection coordination unit, a dynamic response unit, and a remote interaction unit. The detection system unit is configured with a coordination strategy, which generates detection coordination information based on the acquired detection task information to generate detection instructions. The dynamic response unit extracts the corresponding detection response index based on the detection task and retrieves the correction response program from the preset detection instruction table based on the detection response index. The correction response program is associated with correction conditions. When the correction conditions are met, the correction response program is executed to correct the corresponding detection instructions. The remote interaction unit is configured with a format conversion strategy, which is used to convert the display data according to the display format elements of the interactive terminal and generate corresponding format conversion information, and send the format conversion information to the corresponding interactive terminal.

10. A multifunctional tester for a power system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The correction condition is configured with a reference detection vector. When the deviation between the measured feature vector and the reference detection vector is greater than a preset value, the dynamic response unit is configured with a vector calculation algorithm. The vector calculation algorithm is used to calculate the corresponding measured feature vector based on the electrostatic feature component, leakage current feature component, current feature component, voltage feature component and temperature feature component.

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