Design and model selection method of customized ultralight crane for mounting and dismounting steel column in limited space

Abstract

The invention relates to a design and model selection method for a customized ultralight crane for mounting and dismounting a steel column in a limited space. The maximum hoisting weight is determined by modeling and lofting the weight of the steel column needing to be mounted and dismounted; setting out a hoisting foot hitting position through BIM, determining the maximum hoisting radius, determining the adjustment range of the extension length a and the rotation angle b of four supporting legs of the customized crane, and determining the walking function of wheels of the crane rotating from-90 degrees to 90 degrees; determining the maximum load moment according to the maximum hoisting weight and the maximum hoisting radius; the maximum axle weight and the minimum axle number are determined; designing and customizing a light crane; and re-checking: mounting and dismounting the flat stand steel column by using the calculated customized crane so as to facilitate the smooth completion of the movable stand mode conversion. The light crane is light in dead weight, multiple in shaft and small in wheel pressure, and walking strength and rigidity on a thin plate are easy to meet.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of steel structure installation in buildings, specifically a design and selection method for a customized ultralight crane for installing and dismantling steel columns in confined spaces. Background Technology

[0002] As the first case of convertible grandstands in China, the Xiamen Egret Stadium adopted a shallow pit-lifting flat grandstand mode to reduce construction costs and difficulties. The shallow pit mode requires the flat grandstand support steel columns to be disassembled, laid down, and stored during mode conversion, so as not to obstruct the sloping grandstand from retreating to the fixed grandstand. Similarly, when the flat grandstand needs to be raised vertically for use as a grandstand during the other mode conversion, the flat grandstand support steel columns need to be installed in place.

[0003] The flat grandstand is situated between the sloping and fixed grandstands, resulting in limited crane operating space and uneven steel column distribution, with varying main beam spacing. During mode conversion, the crane needs to travel on the flat grandstand to install and dismantle steel columns, limiting the width, length, and height of the operating space. In traveling mode, the small spacing between the supporting steel columns on the flat grandstand makes it difficult for conventional cranes to turn around, and their large total mass, few axles, and high wheel pressure during travel make them unsuitable for traveling. In lifting mode, the outriggers must not rest on steel plates or secondary beams, as the strength of secondary beams is generally insufficient. Therefore, the outriggers should ideally be positioned on the main beams. Since the spacing and angle of the main beams vary, conventional crane outriggers often struggle to meet these requirements. While transfer beams can be used, laying them increases construction time and steel consumption, making them unsuitable for lifting operations.

[0004] When the movable grandstand is converted to a different mode, the steel columns of the flat grandstand need to be moved from an upright working state to a horizontally retracted state or vice versa, requiring the assistance of a crane for hoisting. The flat grandstand is located between the sloping grandstand and the fixed grandstand, and space is limited when installing and dismantling the steel columns, making it impossible to use large heavy machinery. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention aims to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide a design and selection method for a customized ultralight crane for installing and dismantling steel columns in confined spaces. This solves the problem of repeated installation and dismantling of steel columns in confined spaces during the conversion of movable grandstand modes, saves conversion time, and speeds up the conversion process.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is implemented as follows: A method for designing and selecting a customized ultralight crane for installing and dismantling steel columns in a confined space, characterized by comprising the following steps: Step 1: Determine the maximum lifting weight by using Tekla modeling and layout to lay out the weight of the steel columns to be installed and dismantled; Step 2: By using BIM to lay out the hoisting foot positions, determine the maximum hoisting radius, and determine the adjustment range of the extension length 'a' and rotation angle 'b' of the four outriggers of the customized crane, to avoid laying transfer beams; Step 3: After completing Step 2, lay out the crane's travel route according to the hoisting foot position of each column. In places where the crane has difficulty turning, it needs to travel perpendicular to the crane body to determine the crane wheel rotation function of -90° to 90° travel. Step 4: Determine the maximum lifting moment based on the maximum lifting weight and the maximum lifting radius; Step 5: Calculate the maximum wheel pressure that the flat grandstand steel plate can withstand under the traveling conditions using finite element analysis software, thereby determining the maximum axle load. Divide the total mass under the traveling conditions by the maximum axle load to determine the minimum number of axles for the customized crane. Step Six: Design and customize a lightweight crane based on Steps Two, Four, and Five; Step 7: Verify the strength and rigidity of the steel plates and beams for both the traveling and lifting conditions of the customized light crane. If they meet the requirements, pass; otherwise, repeat steps 3, 4, and 5. Step 8: Use a customized crane, calculated according to specifications, to install and dismantle the flat grandstand steel columns to facilitate a smooth transition to the movable grandstand mode.

[0007] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: As can be seen from the above technical solution, this application provides a design and selection method for a customized ultralight crane for installing and dismantling steel columns in confined spaces; this invention allows conventional cranes to be modified into lightweight cranes according to specific steel columns to be installed or dismantled, and has the following advantages: Lightweight cranes are characterized by their light weight, multiple axles, and low wheel pressure, making it easy to meet strength and rigidity requirements when traveling on thin plates. They can also travel perpendicularly to the crane body in confined spaces where turning is difficult, allowing steel columns to be repeatedly installed and disassembled within a limited space, overcoming the problem of small lifting areas. When custom-made cranes are used for lifting outriggers, the length and angle of the outriggers can be adjusted according to the main beams at different spacings and angles, avoiding the use of transfer beams for each lifting operation, flexibly adapting to construction, and shortening the construction period. Attached Figure Description

[0008] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the restricted workspace of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the restricted workspace of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the crane's travel route according to the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the hoisting foot installation for the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the hoisting foot installation for the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the process of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0009] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0010] The present invention aims to enable the crane to meet construction and calculation requirements in both traveling and lifting modes when operating in confined spaces.

[0011] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the flat grandstand is located between the sloping grandstand and the fixed grandstand. When converting to a movable grandstand mode, the steel columns need to be disassembled, stored, and installed on the flat grandstand. However, the space between the sloping and fixed grandstands is small, the steel columns are unevenly distributed, and the space is limited when the crane is working, making turning and maneuvering difficult. The flat grandstand was originally designed as a seating platform for spectators, but now, due to the need for crane movement and hoisting during the mode conversion, the traditional crane has a large total mass and a small number of axles, making it difficult to meet the requirements for movement and hoisting.

[0012] like Figure 6 As shown: A design and selection method for a customized ultralight crane for installing and dismantling steel columns in a confined space. This invention is achieved through the following means: Step 1: Determine the maximum lifting weight by using Tekla modeling and layout to lay out the weight of the steel columns to be installed and dismantled; Step Two: As Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, by using BIM to lay out the hoisting foot positions, the maximum hoisting radius is determined, and the adjustment range of the extension length 'a' and rotation angle 'b' of the four outriggers of the customized crane is determined, thus avoiding the need to lay transfer beams; Step 3: After completing Step 2 above, lay out the crane's travel route based on the lifting foot positions of each column. In areas where the crane has difficulty turning, it needs to travel perpendicular to the crane body. Figure 3 Determine the crane wheels' ability to rotate from -90° to 90° and travel. Step 4: Determine the maximum lifting moment based on the maximum lifting weight and maximum lifting radius, and reduce unnecessary counterweights and self-weight of the crane; Step 5: Calculate the maximum wheel pressure that the flat grandstand steel plate can withstand under the traveling conditions using finite element analysis software, thereby determining the maximum axle load. Divide the total mass under the traveling conditions by the maximum axle load to determine the minimum number of axles for the customized crane. Step Six: Design and customize a lightweight crane based on Steps Two, Four, and Five; Step 7: Verify the strength and rigidity of the steel plates and beams for both the traveling and lifting conditions of the customized light crane. If they meet the requirements, pass; otherwise, repeat steps 3, 4, and 5.

[0013] Step 8: Use a customized crane, calculated according to specifications, to install and dismantle the flat grandstand steel columns to facilitate a smooth transition to the movable grandstand mode.

[0014] The above are merely embodiments provided in this application and are not intended to limit this application. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. However, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for designing and selecting a customized ultralight crane for installing and dismantling steel columns in a confined space, characterized in that... It includes the following steps: Step 1: Determine the maximum lifting weight by using Tekla modeling and layout to lay out the weight of the steel columns to be installed and dismantled; Step 2: By using BIM to lay out the hoisting foot positions, determine the maximum hoisting radius, and determine the adjustment range of the extension length 'a' and rotation angle 'b' of the four outriggers of the customized crane, to avoid laying transfer beams; Step 3: After completing Step 2, lay out the crane's travel route according to the hoisting foot position of each column. In places where the crane has difficulty turning, it needs to travel perpendicular to the crane body to determine the crane wheel rotation function of -90° to 90° travel. Step 4: Determine the maximum lifting moment based on the maximum lifting weight and the maximum lifting radius; Step 5: Calculate the maximum wheel pressure that the flat grandstand steel plate can withstand under the traveling conditions using finite element analysis software, thereby determining the maximum axle load. Divide the total mass under the traveling conditions by the maximum axle load to determine the minimum number of axles for the customized crane. Step Six: Design and customize a lightweight crane based on Steps Two, Four, and Five; Step 7: Verify the strength and rigidity of the steel plates and steel beams for both the traveling and lifting conditions of the customized light crane. If they meet the requirements, pass; otherwise, repeat steps 3, 4, and 5. Step 8: Use a customized crane, calculated according to specifications, to install and dismantle the flat grandstand steel columns to facilitate a smooth transition to the movable grandstand mode.

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