Intelligent emergency evacuation method for small site with high population density

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of emergency evacuation, and aims to provide an intelligent emergency evacuation method for small places with dense population, which comprises a control unit, an image acquisition module, an audio-visual prompting module, an emergency alarm module and an escape indicating device, the image acquisition module is distributed at the nodes where the exits and passages of a room meet and at the safety exits, and is used for collecting the number of people; the audio-visual prompting module guides evacuation through sound and light; the emergency alarm module senses the sudden conditions in the room and alarms; the escape indicating device indicates the escape direction; the image acquisition module, the audio-visual prompting module, the emergency alarm module and the escape indicating device are all connected with the control unit; through optimization of the escape logic, the congestion of people at the safety exits caused by the traditional evacuation mode is avoided, and based on the existing equipment or slight improvement of the existing equipment, whether the reconstruction or the establishment, the cost is lower, the overall popularization is more convenient, and an orderly and efficient emergency evacuation method is provided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of emergency evacuation, in particular to an intelligent emergency evacuation method for small places with a large number of people. BACKGROUND

[0002] Small places with a large number of people, generally personnel-intensive places in engineering projects, but relatively small in size, such as the so-called "nine small places" in fire emergency rescue, etc., the daily scene mainly has: small shopping malls, small hotels, kindergartens, nursing homes, ktvs, etc., the emergency evacuation of this type of place has some shortcomings, mainly including the following points:

[0003] 1. Inconvenient evacuation channels and safety exits: due to the size of the project, the fire safety awareness of the operators is weak, and they pay more attention to business than to safety. The evacuation channels and safety exits are often blocked by goods, electric vehicles, etc., or locked at night, resulting in the failure of "life channels".

[0004] 2. Low evacuation efficiency: the personnel in the personnel-intensive place are complex, most people are not familiar with the layout of the place, the evacuation ability is greatly different, the personnel lack training and escape skills, and crowding and trampling are easy to occur during a fire, and the evacuation is disorderly.

[0005] 3. Lack or failure of fire-fighting facilities: small places often lack regular maintenance of existing fire-fighting facilities, which reduces the escape and evacuation ability of personnel in a fire.

[0006] 4. Fast fire spread: the public channels in small places are often blocked by goods, with large fire loads and fast spread, and the effective safety emergency evacuation time is short.

[0007] 5. Serious consequences of accidents: once an emergency occurs in a small place with a large number of people, due to the large number of people, unfamiliar environment and panic, non-rational behaviors such as pushing, trampling and falling are easy to occur, causing serious consequences such as mass death and injury.

[0008] Therefore, for small places with a large number of people, it is necessary to strengthen emergency evacuation management, improve personnel emergency safety awareness, effectively use emergency evacuation facilities, improve emergency evacuation efficiency, and ensure that an orderly, efficient and intelligent emergency evacuation plan can be established in an emergency state, which can improve.

[0009] At present, with the popularization and promotion of various intelligent devices, many small places have been equipped with intelligent facilities such as sound and light warning devices, which can broadcast in time to guide evacuation. Based on the above common problems in emergency evacuation in small places, when the emergency broadcast of sound and light warning devices occurs, a large number of people in the building will rush to a single direction or safety exit in an unordered and non-rational manner, causing a sharp decrease in the traffic efficiency of evacuation channels and safety exits, and more seriously, due to the panic of the personnel, trampling events are easy to occur in the congested area.

[0010] CN103656895B discloses an acousto-optic guiding type emergency evacuation system and an evacuation method thereof, which adopts a sequential evacuation mode for evacuation, and still has the problem of low evacuation efficiency. SUMMARY

[0011] The present application aims to provide an intelligent emergency evacuation method for small places with high population, which is based on existing equipment or slightly improves the existing equipment, and provides an orderly and efficient emergency evacuation method through optimization of escape logic.

[0012] The object of the present application is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0013] An intelligent emergency evacuation method for small places with high population is based on an intelligent emergency evacuation system for places with high population, which includes a control unit, an image acquisition module, an acousto-optic prompting module, an emergency alarm module, and an escape indicating device.

[0014] The image acquisition module is distributed at the nodes where the exits and passages of the room meet and at the safety exits, and is used to acquire the number of personnel.

[0015] The acousto-optic prompting module is distributed in the room and guides the evacuation through sound and light.

[0016] The emergency alarm module is distributed in the room and senses the sudden conditions of the room and alarms.

[0017] The escape indicating device is distributed in the extension direction of the passage and indicates the escape direction.

[0018] The image acquisition module, the acousto-optic prompting module, the emergency alarm module, and the escape indicating device are all connected with the control unit.

[0019] The evacuation method includes the following steps:

[0020] Step 1: The control unit constructs an escape simulation route map based on the building plan, and marks the image acquisition module, the acousto-optic prompting module, the emergency alarm module, and the escape indicating device in the corresponding areas in the map to form a visual escape simulation route map.

[0021] Step 2: The distances from each node to the safety exit in the escape simulation route map and the purpose of the place are recorded, the main personnel composition of the place is estimated according to the purpose of the place, the average speed of personnel escape is estimated, and the average value of the maximum number of personnel at each node is confirmed, and the personnel throughput P through the safety exit in unit time is calculated. ， The average passing time △T is calculated, which satisfies △T=△P / P.

[0022] Step 3: When the emergency event occurs, the control unit sends the escape indication to the sound and light prompt module according to the alarm signal and the position of the emergency alarm module;

[0023] The node corresponding to the alarm area room is recorded as the alarm node Jm, and a plurality of synchronous escape nodes JPn are calculated according to the alarm node Jm, JPn-Jm being the distance between each synchronous escape node JPn and the alarm node Jm, and satisfying JPn-Jm=n×△V×△T+D; m and n are positive integers greater than 0, and D is a distance compensation value, which is a dynamic positive number;

[0024] The sound and light prompt module simultaneously sends the escape indication to the rooms corresponding to the alarm node Jm and the plurality of synchronous escape nodes JPn, guiding the personnel in the rooms to escape according to the escape indication device;

[0025] Step 4: The image acquisition module collects the number of personnel leaving the rooms corresponding to the alarm node Jm and the plurality of synchronous escape nodes JPn, and simultaneously records the number of personnel leaving the safety exit, and when the number of personnel leaving the safety exit is more than 80% of the number of personnel leaving the rooms corresponding to the alarm node Jm and the plurality of synchronous escape nodes JPn, the control unit sends the second wave of escape indication;

[0026] Step 5: The second wave of escape indication is based on the adjacent node Jm +1 of the node Jm, and new JPn is recorded according to the mode of step 3, and satisfies JPn-Jm +1 =n×△V×△T+D, wherein JPn-Jm +1 is the distance between two nodes;

[0027] The sound and light prompt module simultaneously sends the escape indication to the rooms corresponding to the node Jm +1 and the new plurality of synchronous escape nodes JPn, guiding the personnel in the rooms to escape according to the escape indication device;

[0028] Step 6: Step 5 is repeated i times, until the node Jm +i overlaps with the first synchronous escape node JP1, and the control unit identifies whether there is a missed room that does not send the sound and light prompt according to the escape simulation route map, and if there is no room that does not send the sound and light prompt, it indicates that the evacuation work is completed, and if there is a missed node, the remaining rooms are guided to send the sound and light prompt, and the personnel are guided to escape.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present application are that:

[0030] 1. The present application uses existing devices to ensure that personnel in small places can orderly evacuate by adjusting the evacuation logic, avoiding the situation that personnel are crowded at the safety exit caused by the traditional evacuation mode;

[0031] 2. Since the hardware involved are all existing or standard equipment, the cost of either modification or construction is low, and the overall promotion is more convenient.

[0032] 3. When designing the escape interval, calculations are performed using extreme data to ensure that the two groups of people escaping simultaneously will not interfere with each other. When determining whether a second group can escape, it is ensured that the next group of people can be notified in time to evacuate. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first batch of evacuees in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the evacuation process of the first batch of evacuees in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the continuous evacuation process of the first batch of evacuees in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 A schematic diagram illustrating the marking of the second batch of evacuees in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the second batch of evacuation personnel in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 A schematic diagram illustrating the marking of the third batch of evacuees in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the completion of personnel evacuation in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of marking the first batch of evacuees in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of marking the second batch of evacuees in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the marking of the third batch of evacuees in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram showing the marking of the fourth batch of evacuees in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 13 This invention provides a route planning diagram for escape simulation route planning that includes multiple branch escape routes. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:

[0047] As Figure 1 shown: a small place of people intensive intelligent emergency evacuation method, based on intelligent people intensive place emergency evacuation system, the system includes control unit, image acquisition module, sound and light prompt module, emergency alarm module and escape indication device;

[0048] The image acquisition module is distributed at the nodes of the intersection of the room entrance and the passage and the safety exit, for collecting the number of personnel;

[0049] The sound and light prompt module is distributed in the room, and the evacuation guidance is carried out through sound and light;

[0050] The emergency alarm module is distributed in the room, and the emergency alarm module senses the sudden situation in the room and alarms;

[0051] The escape indication device is distributed in the direction of the passage extension, and the escape direction is indicated;

[0052] The image acquisition module, the sound and light prompt module, the emergency alarm module and the escape indication device are connected with the control unit;

[0053] It should be noted that the control unit, the image acquisition module, the sound and light prompt module, the emergency alarm module and the escape indication device here are all prior art, and the control unit is an intelligent control system, which can formulate an escape route according to the demand or a specified logic and control other modules;

[0054] The image acquisition module has the effect of portrait acquisition, but the present application mainly uses it to identify personnel to count the number of personnel. The number of personnel counted here is divided into two aspects, one is to collect the number of personnel at each node, and the other is to collect the number of personnel at the safety exit, and the personnel escape situation is determined by counting the difference between the two.

[0055] The sound and light prompt module here mainly refers to LED screen, voice broadcast and alarm lamp and the like. The sound and light prompt module is distributed in each room, for notifying the escape notice of the personnel of the corresponding room. It should be noted that the escape notice here is not played synchronously in each room, but is played in different rooms according to a specified order, that is, the escape notice of different rooms is played at different times.

[0056] The emergency alarm module is essentially a sensor for detecting fire, which detects the fire and sends the information to the control unit when the fire is found.

[0057] The escape indication device is the current safety indication lamp.

[0058] The hardware part involved in the present application is all existing, mainly in the distribution position of the image acquisition module and the sound and light prompting module and the overall control logic. Specifically, the image acquisition module needs to be installed at each node for counting the number of people at the node.

[0059] The sound and light prompting module is also arranged in each room. Compared with the traditional sound and light prompting, this does not carry out large-scale broadcasting, but carries out small-scale notification in batches, thereby guiding the evacuation in batches.

[0060] In the above whole process, the image acquisition module monitors the node and the safety exit area in real time through the high-definition camera, collects the video image data of the escaping crowd, and transmits the collected image data to the control unit and analyzes and processes through the processor.

[0061] The evacuation method of the present application comprises the following steps:

[0062] Step 1: The control unit constructs an escape simulation route map based on the building plan, and marks the image acquisition module, the sound and light prompting module, the emergency alarm module and the escape indicating device in the corresponding area of the map to form a visual escape simulation route map;

[0063] Here, the control unit needs to understand the whole building plan and the positions of different image acquisition modules, sound and light prompting modules and emergency alarm modules, so that after the fire is found, the corresponding sound and light prompting module and image acquisition module can be controlled to notify and collect the number of personnel, and in the subsequent orderly control of different sound and light prompting modules and image acquisition modules, a visual escape simulation route map is formed to facilitate the technical personnel to review the correctness of the escape route.

[0064] Step 2: Record the distance from each node to the safety exit and the purpose of the place in the escape simulation route map, and estimate the main personnel composition of the place according to the purpose of the place, and then estimate the average speed of personnel evacuation△V, and confirm the average value△P of the maximum number of personnel at each node, and the personnel passing amount P through the safety exit in unit time ， Calculate the average passing time△T, which satisfies△T=△P / P;

[0065] Generally, a small place generally refers to an area or building with a long main road, corridor or passageway, which is mostly linearly arranged. Therefore, during evacuation, due to the different speeds of personnel evacuation, segmented evacuation can be realized at the same time, and during the process of the first notification of evacuation, the areas far away from the evacuation area can also be evacuated synchronously. Since there is a certain distance between them, there is basically no mutual influence during the evacuation process, and the safety exit is also avoided to be congested or trampled due to the gathering of personnel at the safety exit.

[0066] It should be noted that, taking a junior high school corridor as an example, the speed distribution range of teenagers is concentrated between 0.8m / s and 1.2m / s, so the average speed ΔV is 1.0m / s; while the standard design capacity of a junior high school classroom is 45 people, so the average value ΔP of the maximum number of people at each node can be calculated; the number of people passing through the safety exit per unit time, P, is determined according to the actual size and specifications of the safety exit.

[0067] The average passage time ΔT specifically refers to the time required for the maximum average number of people ΔP to pass through a node at a safety exit.

[0068] Step 3: When an emergency occurs, the control unit sends an escape instruction to the audible and visual prompt module based on the alarm signal from the emergency alarm module and the location.

[0069] Record the node corresponding to the room in the alarm area as alarm node Jm, and calculate several synchronous escape nodes JPn based on alarm node Jm. JPn-Jm is the distance between each synchronous escape node JPn and alarm node Jm, which satisfies JPn-Jm=n×△V×△T+D; m and n are positive integers greater than 0, and D is the distance compensation value, which is a dynamic positive number.

[0070] The sound and light prompt module simultaneously issues escape instructions to the rooms corresponding to alarm node Jm and several synchronous escape nodes JPn, guiding the people in the rooms to escape according to the escape instruction device;

[0071] Step 3 above describes the process of simultaneous, segmented notification. First, a warning and evacuation guidance are issued to the corresponding node in the room where the fire occurred. Simultaneously, while the fire is escaping from that node, other nodes evacuate in sync, maintaining a safe distance to avoid interfering with each other. If we follow the traditional Jm, Jm... +1 Jm +2 If one escapes in sequence in a certain manner, the entire escape cycle will be too long.

[0072] Step 3 above includes a distance compensation value D. This is because the distance between two adjacent nodes escaping simultaneously is not necessarily exactly equal to the product of the average passage time ΔT and the average speed ΔV. To ensure a safe distance where they do not interfere with each other, a distance compensation value D is added here. It should be noted that this distance compensation value D can be directly calculated based on the escape simulation route map.

[0073] Step 4: The image acquisition module acquires the number of people leaving the room corresponding to the alarm node Jm and several synchronous escape nodes JPn, and records the number of people leaving the safety exit. When the number of people leaving the safety exit exceeds 80% of the number of people leaving the room corresponding to the alarm node Jm and several synchronous escape nodes JPn, the control unit issues a second wave of escape instructions.

[0074] To confirm whether the escape has been completed, the image acquisition module can be used to collect the number of people leaving each room. The image acquisition module at each node can record the number of people leaving that node. The image acquisition module at the safety exit can record the number of people leaving in that batch. When the number of people leaving the safety exit exceeds 80% of the number of people leaving the room corresponding to the alarm node Jm and several synchronous escape nodes JPn, the control unit issues a second wave of escape instructions.

[0075] According to Article 5.5.18 of the "Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings" GB50016-2014 (2018 edition), "The net width of evacuation doors and safety exits in general public buildings shall not be less than 0.90m, and the net width of evacuation corridors and evacuation staircases shall not be less than 1.10m"; and according to Article 5.5.19, "In densely populated public places, the net width of evacuation doors shall not be less than 1.4m". Therefore, in terms of evacuation width, it can be considered that the width of general public buildings is about 1.1 / 1.4 = 79% of that of densely populated places, taking the value of 80%. Therefore, this invention believes that when evacuation begins in densely populated places, when the evacuation density decreases by 20%, the dense or clustered phenomenon can be transformed into the scenario of general public buildings, or in other words, the dense state can be eliminated.

[0076] Step 5: Second wave of escape instructions, based on the neighboring node Jm of node Jm. +1 Based on this, record the new JPn according to the method in step 3, and satisfy JPn-Jm. +1 =n×△V×△T+D, where JPn-Jm +1 The distance between the two nodes;

[0077] The audio-visual prompt module simultaneously targets node Jm. +1 The room corresponding to the new synchronized escape nodes JPn issues escape instructions to guide the people in the room to escape according to the escape instruction device;

[0078] Step 5 is essentially a repetition of step 3, involving the neighboring nodes Jm of node Jm. +1 The escape process is the same as step 3, so it will not be elaborated here.

[0079] Step 6: Then repeat step 5 i times until node Jm is reached. +i Overlapping with the first synchronized escape node JP1, the control unit identifies whether there are any missed rooms that have not issued audio and visual cues based on the escape simulation route map. If there are no rooms that have not issued audio and visual cues, it means that the evacuation work is completed. If there are any missed nodes, it guides the remaining rooms to issue audio and visual cues and guides the personnel to escape.

[0080] Furthermore, when there are multiple safety exits, the control unit will match each node with its nearest safety exit to form multiple escape zones, and evacuate within each escape zone according to the methods in steps 3 to 5.

[0081] Furthermore, in step 5 above, if there are two adjacent nodes of alarm node Jm and there is only one safety exit, then the node that is farther away from the safety exit is selected first; the nodes that are farther away from the safety exit and the nodes that are closer to the safety exit are selected alternately, and the ratio of the two is 2-4:1.

[0082] Furthermore, when a room has multiple entrances and exits, the multiple entrances and exits together form a node; and the coordinate point J of this node is the midpoint of the line connecting the two farthest entrances and exits in the room.

[0083] For example, in a school, one room typically represents one classroom, and a classroom generally includes a front door and a back door. In this case, when the image acquisition module collects data on people, it usually does so on a room-by-room basis, simultaneously calculating the number of people entering and exiting through the front and back doors of that room. It should be noted that the number of people counted by the image acquisition module may have errors, but individual errors will not affect the overall escape efficiency.

[0084] When the escape simulation route map has multiple branching paths, the process includes the following:

[0085] Step 1: Determine the main escape route:

[0086] Based on the location of the safety exits, the main escape route is identified. Other passages not listed in the main escape route are considered as secondary escape routes.

[0087] Step 2: Merging rooms in the main and branch escape routes:

[0088] In the main escape route, the initial node J_main1 is the intersection of the room entrance and the passage near the safety exit, and J_main2 to J_mainy are marked in the direction away from the safety exit.

[0089] When a branch escape route appears between two adjacent nodes on the main escape route, each node on the branch escape route is marked J_branch_x+1 to J_branch_x+z in the direction away from the safety exit. Based on J_main_x+1, J_branch_x+1 and J_main_x+1 are merged and recorded as J_merged_x+1. The number of people in J_main_x+1 and branch_x+1 are calculated and recorded in J_merged_x+1. This process continues until the last node of the branch escape route is reached, at which point the merging of the branch escape route and the main escape route ends.

[0090] Step 3: Subsequently, whenever a branch escape route appears between two adjacent nodes on the main escape route, the nodes of the main escape route and the nodes of the branch escape route are merged and recorded in the manner of Step 2.

[0091] When nodes of multiple branch escape routes correspond to the same node on the main escape route, the corresponding nodes on the multiple branch escape routes are merged and recorded with the main escape node, using the node of the main escape route as the reference.

[0092] To provide a better explanation, we will refer to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings:

[0093] Example 1

[0094] like Figures 2-8 As shown, this can be understood as a school or nursing home. These places generally have two or more safety exits. The control unit corresponds each node to its nearest safety exit, thereby forming multiple escape zones. In this embodiment 1, there are two safety exits. The control unit divides each node into two escape zones according to its distance from the two safety exits. People in each node within the zone escape to the corresponding safety exit.

[0095] from Figure 2 The system detects a fire in a room and marks the node connecting that room and the corridor as J1. Based on the evacuation speed of the people in this scenario, it identifies the corresponding nodes JP1 and JP2 for rooms requiring simultaneous evacuation. The system then uses an audio-visual alert module to notify the people in the rooms corresponding to nodes J1, JP1, and JP2 to evacuate. Figure 3 , 4 As can be seen, the people coming out of these three nodes maintained a greater distance from each other, thus ensuring that the people at these three nodes reached the safe exit in batches and avoiding overcrowding.

[0096] from Figure 5 , 6 As can be seen, after the first batch of personnel was evacuated, the system began marking the second batch of nodes, namely node J2 and its corresponding JP1 and JP2; at this time, the system notified the personnel in the rooms corresponding to nodes J2, JP1, and JP2 to evacuate via the audio-visual prompt module. After the second batch of personnel was evacuated, from Figure 7 , 8 It can be seen that the evacuation of the third batch of people has begun here. Additionally, from... Figure 5 , 6 As can be seen from points 7 and 8, since there are safety exits at both ends of the passage, starting from marker node J2, people evacuate in two directions respectively.

[0097] The above describes the scenario with two escape routes. If there is only one escape exit, then the priority of evacuation becomes crucial. Starting from the fire point, evacuation should prioritize the nodes corresponding to rooms furthest from the safety exit. Specifically, in step 5, if node J1 has two adjacent nodes J2, and there is only one safety exit, then the node furthest from the safety exit should be prioritized. The nodes furthest from the safety exit and those closest to the safety exit are selected alternately, with a ratio of 2-4:1.

[0098] The following description uses Example 2 as an example.

[0099] Example 2

[0100] like Figures 9-12 As shown: This can be understood as a nursing home with only a single emergency exit. Figure 9 The system detects a fire in a room and marks the node connecting that room and the corridor as J1. Based on the evacuation speed of the people in the scenario, it identifies the corresponding node JP1 for rooms that also need to evacuate. The system then uses an audio-visual alert module to notify the people in the rooms corresponding to nodes J1 and JP1 to evacuate. Figure 10 As can be seen, after the first batch of people is evacuated, the second batch is evacuated. Here, node J2 is adjacent to node Jm and far from the safety exit, and the positions of node JP1 are also generated to both sides. After the second batch is evacuated, the third batch is evacuated. Figure 11 As can be seen, node J3 was generated here. Node J3 is adjacent to node J2 and far from the safety exit. After the third batch of nodes completes evacuation, as... Figure 12 As shown: Node J4 is marked. J4 is the node that is adjacent to node J1 and close to the safety exit. Since the nodes far from the safety exit have been marked twice, the nodes close to the safety exit are marked here.

[0101] Example 3

[0102] Examples 1 and 2 above are suitable for scenarios with a single escape route, such as schools or nursing homes. If designing a small hotel or karaoke bar, where the escape simulation route map has multiple branching passages, the process includes the following:

[0103] like Figure 13 As shown:

[0104] Step 1: Determine the main escape route:

[0105] Based on the location of the safety exits, the main escape route is identified. Other passages not listed in the main escape route are considered as secondary escape routes.

[0106] Step 2: Merging rooms in the main and branch escape routes:

[0107] In the main escape route, the initial node J_main1 is the intersection of the room entrance and the passage near the safety exit, and J_main2 to J_mainy are marked in the direction away from the safety exit.

[0108] When a branch escape route appears between two adjacent nodes on the main escape route, each node on the branch escape route is marked J_branch_x+1 to J_branch_x+z in the direction away from the safety exit. Based on J_main_x+1, J_branch_x+1 and J_main_x+1 are merged and recorded as J_merged_x+1. The number of people in J_main_x+1 and branch_x+1 are calculated and recorded in J_merged_x+1. This process continues until the last node of the branch escape route is reached, at which point the merging of the branch escape route and the main escape route ends.

[0109] Step 3: Subsequently, whenever a branch escape route appears between two adjacent nodes on the main escape route, the nodes of the main escape route and the nodes of the branch escape route are merged and recorded in the manner of Step 2.

[0110] When nodes of multiple branch escape routes correspond to the same node on the main escape route, the corresponding nodes on the multiple branch escape routes are merged and recorded with the corresponding node on the main escape route, based on the node of the main escape route.

[0111] By using the above methods, the escape routes, which originally included main escape route nodes and branch escape route nodes, are now merged into a single escape route with nodes distributed sequentially. Personnel evacuation can then be arranged according to steps 2-6.

[0112] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent emergency evacuation method for densely populated small venues, based on an intelligent emergency evacuation system for densely populated venues, characterized in that: The system includes a control unit, an image acquisition module, an audio-visual prompt module, an emergency alarm module, and an escape indication device; The image acquisition modules are located at the intersections of room entrances and passageways, as well as at safety exits, and are used to collect the number of people. The audio-visual prompt modules are distributed throughout the room, providing evacuation guidance through both sound and light. Emergency alarm modules are distributed throughout the room to sense and trigger alarms in case of emergencies. Escape guidance devices are distributed along the direction of the passageway to guide the escape route; The image acquisition module, the audio-visual prompt module, the emergency alarm module, and the escape indication device are all connected to the control unit; Evacuation methods include the following steps: Step 1: The control unit constructs an escape simulation route map based on the building floor plan, and marks the image acquisition module, sound and light prompt module, emergency alarm module and escape indication device in the corresponding areas of the map to form a visual escape simulation route map; Step 2: Record the distance from each node to the safety exit and the purpose of the location on the escape simulation route map. Based on the purpose of the location, estimate the main personnel composition of the location, and then estimate the average escape speed ΔV. Confirm the average number of people at each node, ΔP, and the number of people passing through the safety exit per unit time, P. ， Calculate the average transit time ΔT, which satisfies ΔT = ΔP / P; Step 3: When an emergency occurs, the control unit sends an escape instruction to the audible and visual prompt module based on the alarm signal from the emergency alarm module and the location. Record the node corresponding to the room in the alarm area as alarm node Jm, and calculate several synchronous escape nodes JPn based on alarm node Jm. JPn-Jm is the distance between each synchronous escape node JPn and alarm node Jm, which satisfies JPn-Jm=n×△V×△T+D; m and n are positive integers greater than 0, and D is the distance compensation value, which is a dynamic positive number. The sound and light prompt module simultaneously issues escape instructions to the rooms corresponding to alarm node Jm and several synchronous escape nodes JPn, guiding the people in the rooms to escape according to the escape instruction device; Step 4: The image acquisition module acquires the number of people leaving the room corresponding to the alarm node Jm and several synchronous escape nodes JPn, and records the number of people leaving the safety exit. When the number of people leaving the safety exit exceeds 80% of the number of people leaving the room corresponding to the alarm node Jm and several synchronous escape nodes JPn, the control unit issues a second wave of escape instructions. Step 5: Second wave of escape instructions, based on the neighboring node Jm of node Jm. +1 Based on this, record the new JPn according to the method in step 3, and satisfy JPn-Jm. +1 =n×△V×△T+D, where JPn-Jm +1 The distance between the two nodes; The audio-visual prompt module simultaneously targets node Jm. +1 The room corresponding to the new synchronized escape nodes JPn issues escape instructions to guide the people in the room to escape according to the escape instruction device; Step 6: Then repeat step 5 i times until node Jm is reached. +i Overlapping with the first synchronized escape node JP1, the control unit identifies whether there are any missed rooms that have not issued audio and visual cues based on the escape simulation route map. If there are no rooms that have not issued audio and visual cues, it means that the evacuation work is completed. If there are any missed nodes, it guides the remaining rooms to issue audio and visual cues and guides the personnel to escape.

2. The intelligent emergency evacuation method for densely populated small venues according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 5, if there are two adjacent nodes to alarm node Jm and there is only one safety exit, then the node that is furthest from the safety exit will be selected first. The nodes far from the safe exit and the nodes near the safe exit are selected alternately, with a ratio of 2-4:

1.

3. The intelligent emergency evacuation method for densely populated small venues according to claim 1, characterized in that: When there are multiple safety exits, the control unit will match each node with its nearest safety exit to form multiple escape zones, and evacuate within each escape zone according to the methods in steps 3 to 5.

4. The intelligent emergency evacuation method for densely populated small venues according to claim 1, characterized in that: When a room has multiple entrances and exits, the multiple entrances and exits are considered as a single node; and the coordinates of this node are the midpoint of the line connecting the two furthest entrances and exits in the room.

5. A method for intelligent emergency evacuation in densely populated small venues according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: In step 1, when the escape simulation route map has multiple branching passages, the process includes the following: Step 1: Determine the main escape route: Based on the location of the safety exits, the main escape route is identified. Other passages not listed in the main escape route are considered as secondary escape routes. Step 2: Merging rooms in the main and branch escape routes: In the main escape route, the initial node J_main1 is the intersection of the room entrance and the passage near the safety exit, and J_main2 to J_mainy are marked in the direction away from the safety exit. When a branch escape route appears between two adjacent nodes on the main escape route, each node on the branch escape route is marked J_branch_x+1 to J_branch_x+z in the direction away from the safety exit. Based on J_main_x+1, J_branch_x+1 and J_main_x+1 are merged and recorded as J_merged_x+1. The number of people in J_main_x+1 and branch_x+1 are calculated and recorded in J_merged_x+1. This process continues until the last node of the branch escape route is reached, at which point the merging of the branch escape route and the main escape route ends. Step 3: Subsequently, whenever a branch escape route appears between two adjacent nodes on the main escape route, the nodes of the main escape route and the nodes of the branch escape route are merged and recorded in the manner of Step 2. When nodes of multiple branch escape routes correspond to the same node on the main escape route, the corresponding nodes on the multiple branch escape routes are merged and recorded with the corresponding node on the main escape route, based on the node of the main escape route.

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