Integrated cooling device

Abstract

The invention discloses an integrated cooling device, and the device comprises a main heat dissipation assembly which comprises a housing which fixedly sleeves a top drive main motor, and forms an annular sealed cavity in the circumferential direction of the housing; the main air inlet and the main air outlet are oppositely formed in the two radial ends of the shell; the two sets of heat dissipation channels are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the interior of the shell and communicate with the main air inlet and the main air outlet; the auxiliary heat dissipation assembly comprises a first auxiliary air bellow, a first fan is arranged in the first auxiliary air bellow, and a first auxiliary air outlet communicates with the main air inlet through an air inlet pipeline; the driving mechanism drives the first fan to rotate; the first radiator comprises a first air bellow, a first heat dissipation module is arranged in the first air bellow, hydraulic oil and / or lubricating oil are / is introduced into the first heat dissipation module, and the first air outlet and the first auxiliary air inlet are oppositely arranged and communicate with each other. On the basis that the heat dissipation efficiency and the heat dissipation effect are guaranteed, the overall installation size of the top drive is effectively shortened, and a better space condition is provided for installation of the top drive on a derrick.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil drilling technology. More specifically, this invention relates to an integrated cooling device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, in the oil drilling field, the top drive system is a core piece of equipment, and its performance is closely related to its heat dissipation efficiency. In traditional heat dissipation system architectures, the top drive main motor is equipped with a separate motor-driven heat dissipation device, significantly increasing the axial dimensions required for its installation layout. Simultaneously, the hydraulic system and gearbox lubricating oil also have independent radiators, further increasing the overall size of the equipment. This decentralized heat dissipation design makes the top drive system bulky, with installation space dimensions far exceeding actual working requirements, becoming a key factor restricting its application flexibility. Furthermore, since the top drive needs to be installed inside the derrick, its excessive size presents spatial adaptation challenges during installation, easily leading to interference with the derrick's inherent structure, severely impacting installation efficiency and stability. This is particularly true in applications with limited derrick space, such as small drilling rigs, where the traditional top drive structure with decentralized heat dissipation has significant limitations, failing to meet actual installation and usage requirements. This forces companies to invest additional costs in customizing compatible equipment, significantly increasing development and operating costs.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, an integrated cooling device needs to be designed to effectively reduce the size of the top drive without compromising heat dissipation efficiency, thereby overcoming the multiple limitations of existing top drive equipment in terms of installation and application scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated cooling device that, while ensuring heat dissipation efficiency and effect, solves the technical problems of traditional top drive systems, such as large size of the heat dissipation device, large space occupation of the distributed installation structure, difficulty in installing the overall top drive equipment, and insufficient application flexibility.

[0005] To achieve these objectives and other advantages according to the present invention, an integrated cooling device is provided, comprising: The main heat dissipation assembly is an annular air-cooled heat dissipation structure, which includes a housing that is fixedly fitted onto the base of the top drive main motor and forms an annular closed cavity along its circumference; a main air inlet and a main air outlet, which are arranged opposite to each other at the radial ends of the housing and are used to connect the annular closed cavity to the outside; and two sets of heat dissipation channels, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the inside of the annular closed cavity, with each set of heat dissipation channels used to connect the main air inlet and the main air outlet. An auxiliary heat dissipation assembly is disposed on the side of the top drive main motor near the main air inlet. The auxiliary heat dissipation assembly includes a first auxiliary air box, which contains a first fan. The first auxiliary air box has a first auxiliary air inlet and a first auxiliary air outlet spaced apart along the airflow direction. The first auxiliary air outlet is connected to the main air inlet through an air inlet pipe. A drive mechanism is configured to drive the first fan to rotate. A first radiator includes a first air box, which contains a first heat dissipation module. Hydraulic oil and / or lubricating oil are circulated in the first heat dissipation module. The first air box has a first air inlet and a first air outlet on opposite sides. The first air outlet is directly opposite to and connected to the first auxiliary air inlet.

[0006] Preferably, in the integrated cooling device, the set of heat dissipation channels includes a plurality of heat dissipation channels continuously arranged along the height direction of the annular closed cavity. Each heat dissipation channel includes an air inlet section, an air supply section and an air outlet section connected in sequence. The air inlet section is connected to the main air inlet, the air outlet section is connected to the main air outlet, and the air supply section connects the air inlet section and the air outlet section.

[0007] Preferably, in the integrated cooling device, the heat dissipation channel is formed by heat dissipation fins fixed between the inner side wall of the housing and the outer side wall of the base of the top drive main motor, and each heat dissipation fin is arranged in parallel at the air inlet section, air supply section and air outlet section.

[0008] Preferably, in the integrated cooling device, the main air inlet is located at the top of the housing, the main air outlet is located at the bottom of the housing, the air inlet duct connects the first auxiliary air outlet and the main air inlet in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the top drive main motor, each air inlet section and each air outlet section are arranged parallel to the axis of the top drive main motor, and each air supply section is arranged parallel to the circumference of the annular closed cavity.

[0009] Preferably, the integrated cooling device includes a variable cross-section flow guiding mechanism in each heat dissipation channel, comprising a phase change driving element, which is a helical spring structure with its axis perpendicular to the side plate adjacent to the top drive main motor of the corresponding heat dissipation channel, one end of the phase change driving element being fixedly connected to the side plate; a heating wire wound around the phase change driving element; a flow guide plate parallel to the axis of the top drive main motor, one end of the flow guide plate being disposed on and hinged to the side plate, and the other end being fixedly supported on the phase change driving element; a temperature sensor disposed in the corresponding heat dissipation channel; and a controller electrically connected to the temperature sensor and the heating wire.

[0010] Preferably, in the integrated cooling device, the first auxiliary air box is a volute structure with a spiral outer contour and its end extends outward in a horizontal direction to form the first auxiliary air outlet, and the first auxiliary air inlet is disposed on the end face of the first auxiliary air box; the first fan is a turbine fan with its axis perpendicular to the end face of the first auxiliary air box.

[0011] Preferably, in the integrated cooling device, the drive mechanism is a dual-axis motor with two output shafts positioned opposite each other at both ends, one of which is connected to the first fan via a drive mechanism; the auxiliary heat dissipation assembly further includes: The second auxiliary air box is disposed opposite to the first auxiliary air box at both ends of the drive mechanism. The second auxiliary air box is provided with a second auxiliary air inlet and a second auxiliary air outlet along the airflow direction. The second auxiliary air box is provided with a second fan inside, which is connected to the other output shaft of the dual-axis motor. The second radiator includes a second air box, which has a second heat dissipation module inside. Hydraulic oil and lubricating oil are respectively introduced into the first heat dissipation module and the second heat dissipation module. The second air box has a second air inlet and a second air outlet on opposite sides. The second air inlet and the second auxiliary air outlet are directly opposite each other and connected to each other.

[0012] Preferably, in the integrated cooling device, the second auxiliary air box includes a baffle continuously arranged around the output shaft in the circumferential direction, which is fixedly fastened between the housing of the drive mechanism and the second air box. The second auxiliary air inlet is opened at the bottom of the baffle, and the second auxiliary air outlet is the connection end face between the baffle and the second air box.

[0013] Preferably, in the integrated cooling device, filters are respectively laid at the first air inlet of the first air box and the second air outlet of the second air box.

[0014] Preferably, the integrated cooling device further includes a support plate supported at the bottom of the auxiliary heat dissipation component; an inverted L-shaped protective cover, the horizontal part of which is located above the auxiliary heat dissipation component and is arranged parallel to and spaced apart from the support plate, the horizontal part being connected to the end cover of the top drive main motor through a connecting mechanism, and the vertical part being located on the side of the auxiliary heat dissipation component away from the top drive main motor and fixedly connected to the support plate.

[0015] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: 1. The integrated cooling device of the present invention integrates the heat dissipation functions of the top drive main motor, hydraulic oil system and lubrication oil system, changing the traditional method of configuring heat dissipation systems for each component separately. The device has a reasonable and compact layout, eliminating the need to reserve separate installation space for each heat dissipation unit. It can also be well adapted to the original installation structure of the top drive main motor, effectively shortening the overall axial installation (length) dimension of the top drive, providing better space conditions for its installation on the derrick, solving the installation adaptation problem caused by excessive size, improving the application flexibility of the top drive and expanding its application scope. 2. This invention uses only one heat dissipation drive component to provide heat dissipation power for the three major systems. Compared with the traditional heat dissipation scheme of multiple independent drive motors, it significantly reduces the overall power consumption of the equipment, while reducing the number of drive components, reducing the risk of mechanical failure and maintenance complexity, which is conducive to simplifying the arrangement of sensors and the layout of the electrical control system, further reducing the maintenance cost and operational risk throughout the equipment's life cycle, and improving economic efficiency. 3. The auxiliary heat dissipation component of the present invention adopts an airflow distribution design, which makes the airflow introduction of the first heat sink and the airflow to the second heat sink synchronized. The two heat dissipation paths do not interfere with each other and work together. The airflow quickly removes the heat in the first air box and can continue to enter the main heat dissipation component after being accelerated by the first auxiliary air box, ensuring efficient heat dissipation of the main motor. At the same time, the second air box can also obtain cooling airflow. This parallel heat dissipation mode avoids the problems of mutual heat interference and heat dissipation efficiency reduction in traditional distributed heat dissipation systems. It can ensure that the top drive main motor, hydraulic oil and lubricating oil can be stably maintained within the safe operating temperature range under complex working conditions, effectively improving the reliability of continuous operation of the equipment. 4. The main heat dissipation component of the present invention adopts a multi-channel heat dissipation structure arranged in a ring. This all-round heat dissipation structure design allows all parts of the motor surface to be fully cooled, avoiding the problem of uneven temperature distribution along the circumference of the top drive main motor caused by the traditional single-sided heat dissipation method, effectively preventing the generation of local hot spots, and ensuring the stable operation of the top drive main motor.

[0016] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will become apparent in part from the following description, and in part from those skilled in the art through study and practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an integrated cooling device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the housing described in the above embodiments; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the heat dissipation channel located near the main air inlet in the above embodiment; Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the heat dissipation channel located near the main air outlet in the above embodiment; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary heat dissipation component described in the above embodiments; Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the connection structure of the auxiliary heat dissipation component described in the above embodiments; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the variable cross-section flow guiding mechanism described in the above embodiments; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the phase change driving element and the heating wire in the above embodiments; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of an integrated cooling device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Main heat dissipation assembly; 11. Air inlet duct; 12. Air inlet section; 13. Air outlet section; 14. Air supply section; 15. Housing; 151. Main air inlet; 2. First radiator; 21. First air box; 22. First heat dissipation module; 23. First air inlet; 3. Second radiator; 31. Second air box; 32. Second heat dissipation module; 33. Second air inlet; 34. Second air outlet; 4. Drive mechanism; 51. First auxiliary air box; 511. First auxiliary air outlet; 52. First fan; 61. Second auxiliary air box; 62. Second fan; 71. Phase change drive element; 72. Heating wire; 73. Guide plate; 8. Inverted L-shaped protective cover. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement it based on the description.

[0020] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods described in the following embodiments are all conventional methods, and the reagents and materials described are all commercially available unless otherwise specified. In the description of this invention, the terms "lateral", "longitudinal", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0021] like Figure 1-9 As shown, the present invention provides an integrated cooling device, comprising: The main heat dissipation assembly 1 is an annular air-cooled heat dissipation structure, which includes a housing 15, which is fixedly sleeved on the base of the top drive main motor and forms an annular closed cavity along its circumference; a main air inlet 151 and a main air outlet, which are arranged opposite to each other at the radial ends of the housing 15 and are used to connect the annular closed cavity with the outside; two sets of heat dissipation channels are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the inside of the annular closed cavity, and any set of heat dissipation channels is used to connect the main air inlet 151 and the main air outlet; An auxiliary heat dissipation assembly is disposed on the side of the top drive main motor near the main air inlet 151. The auxiliary heat dissipation assembly includes a first auxiliary air box 51, which contains a first fan 52. The first auxiliary air box 51 has a first auxiliary air inlet and a first auxiliary air outlet 511 spaced apart along the airflow direction (designed air inlet and outlet directions). The first auxiliary air outlet 511 is connected to the main air inlet 151 through an air inlet pipe 11. A drive mechanism 4 is configured to drive the first fan 52 to rotate. A first radiator 2 includes a first air box 21, which contains a first heat dissipation module 22. Hydraulic oil and / or lubricating oil are circulated in the first heat dissipation module 22. The first air box 21 has a first air inlet 23 and a first air outlet on both sides facing each other. The first air outlet is directly opposite to and connected to the first auxiliary air inlet.

[0022] In the above technical solution, both the main heat dissipation component 1 and the auxiliary heat dissipation component adopt air cooling. The main heat dissipation component 1 is a ring-shaped heat dissipation structure sleeved on the top drive main motor. While dissipating heat from the top drive main motor, the main heat dissipation component 1, which is adapted to be mounted on the top drive main motor, only appropriately increases the radial dimension of the main motor, avoiding additional requirements on the axial dimension during equipment installation. The auxiliary heat dissipation component can be used to dissipate heat from the hydraulic system and / or gearbox lubricating oil. The auxiliary heat dissipation component and the main heat dissipation component 1 share a set of wind-driven systems. When the first fan 52 is working, it acts as a draft fan for the first radiator 2, causing the airflow to be introduced into the first air box 21 through the first air inlet 23 and flow out from the first air outlet in a straight line, dissipating heat from the heat dissipation module in the first air box 21. Subsequently, the airflow continues to enter the first auxiliary air box 51 through the auxiliary air inlet, and under the drive of the first fan 52, it sequentially passes through the first auxiliary air outlet 511, the air inlet pipe 11, and the main air inlet 151 into the annular closed cavity to dissipate heat from the top drive main motor. Therefore, a single drive mechanism 4 can provide cooling power to the three types of equipment (main motor, hydraulic system, and gearbox lubrication system) in the top drive system. Compared with the traditional cooling solution of multiple independent drive motors, this significantly reduces the overall power consumption of the cooling system. At the same time, it reduces the number of drive mechanisms 4, thereby reducing the risk of mechanical failure and maintenance complexity. This streamlined structural design also helps to simplify the arrangement of sensors and the layout of the electrical control system, further reducing maintenance costs and operational risks throughout the equipment's life cycle and improving economic efficiency.

[0023] Specifically, the (axial) dimensions of the housing 15 must be designed to cover the main structure of the top drive main motor mount as much as possible to ensure heat dissipation. The first air inlet 23 and the first air outlet of the first air box 21 are arranged directly opposite the first auxiliary air inlet of the first auxiliary air box 51, forming a straight airflow channel, reducing airflow resistance and improving wind speed and heat dissipation efficiency. The first heat dissipation module 22 can adopt a conventional heat exchanger structure, which has pipes for the flow of high-temperature oil inside; the first heat dissipation module 22 is an integrated heat dissipation structure, which can be equipped with multiple sets of heat dissipation pipes. Hydraulic oil and lubricating oil are introduced into different heat dissipation pipes respectively, so that the hydraulic oil and lubricating oil can be cooled simultaneously. The integrated structure of the first air box 21 and the first heat dissipation module 22 facilitates overall replacement and maintenance, shortening maintenance time. The first auxiliary air box 51 and the first fan 52 guide the airflow from the first radiator 2 and also accelerate it. The accelerated airflow enters the heat dissipation channel through the air inlet pipe 11 to ensure efficient heat dissipation of the main motor.

[0024] This invention integrates the heat dissipation functions of the top drive main motor, hydraulic oil system, and lubrication oil system into a single cooling device. This changes the traditional approach of configuring separate heat dissipation systems for each component. The integrated cooling device has a reasonable and compact layout, eliminating the need for separate installation space for each heat dissipation unit. It also adapts well to the original installation structure of the top drive main motor, effectively shortening the overall axial installation (length) dimension of the top drive and providing better space conditions for its installation on the derrick. Especially for equipment such as small drilling rigs with limited space, it better meets the stringent requirements for the length of the top drive, solving the installation and adaptation problems caused by excessive size, improving the application flexibility of the top drive, and expanding its applicability.

[0025] In another technical solution, the integrated cooling device includes a set of heat dissipation channels, which are continuously arranged along the height direction of the annular closed cavity. Each heat dissipation channel includes an air inlet section 12, an air supply section 14, and an air outlet section 13 connected in sequence. The air inlet section 12 is connected to the main air inlet 151, the air outlet section 13 is connected to the main air outlet, and the air supply section 14 connects the air inlet section 12 and the air outlet section 13. The two sets of heat dissipation channels are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the diameter line of the housing 15 (the line connecting the main air inlet 151 and the main air outlet). Multiple heat dissipation channels in the same set are arranged along the height direction and cover half of the top drive main motor base. The airflow direction in the two sets of heat dissipation channels is opposite (clockwise / counterclockwise along the circumference of the housing 15) and together they form a ring-shaped heat dissipation structure. This all-round heat dissipation design allows all parts of the motor surface to be fully cooled, avoiding the problem of uneven temperature distribution along the circumference of the top drive main motor caused by the traditional single-sided heat dissipation method, effectively preventing the generation of local hot spots and ensuring the stable operation of the top drive main motor.

[0026] When air flows through the heat dissipation channels, the matching between the channel spacing and the airflow velocity affects the airflow state. Therefore, by rationally designing the channel spacing (i.e., the width of a single heat dissipation channel) to match the airflow velocity within the channel, turbulence is created during airflow, disrupting the laminar boundary layer formed on the surface of the heat dissipation channel. This allows heat to be carried away more quickly, significantly enhancing the heat exchange capacity between the external air and the main heat dissipation component 1, and improving heat dissipation efficiency. The heat exchange effect can be 2-4 times better than that of laminar flow. In this embodiment, the channel spacing can be set to 2-10 mm. Furthermore, the width of the heat dissipation channels located at different axial positions of the top drive main motor is differentiated to optimize the matching of airflow and temperature. Specifically, a wider channel spacing (5-10 mm) is used in high-temperature areas (areas where the motor generates significant heat) to ensure sufficient airflow and quickly remove high heat; a narrower channel spacing (2-5 mm) is used in low-temperature areas (areas where the motor generates less heat) to increase airflow velocity, enhance turbulence, improve heat exchange efficiency and heat dissipation effect, and avoid wasting airflow. The above technical solution designs the size of the heat dissipation channels in the same group in a gradient according to the temperature distribution of the motor, so that the main heat dissipation component 1 can accurately dissipate heat according to the temperature requirements of different parts, thereby improving energy utilization efficiency.

[0027] In another technical solution, the integrated cooling device has heat dissipation channels formed by heat dissipation fins fixed between the inner side wall of the housing 15 and the outer side wall of the base of the top drive main motor. Each heat dissipation fin is arranged in parallel at the air inlet section 12, the air supply section 14, and the air outlet section 13. That is, each heat dissipation fin is arranged in parallel with each other at the air inlet section 12, each heat dissipation fin is arranged in parallel with each other at the air supply section 14, and each heat dissipation fin is arranged in parallel with each other at the air outlet section 13, so that multiple heat dissipation channels form a parallel heat dissipation air duct structure, which is beneficial to optimizing the air flow state in the channel and improving the heat transfer coefficient.

[0028] In the above technical solution, the annular closed cavity is divided into multiple relatively independent and closed heat dissipation channels (air ducts) by multiple heat sinks, which are not interconnected within the annular closed cavity. A single heat sink is continuously arranged between the main air inlet 151 and the main air outlet along the design direction of the air inlet section 12, the air supply section 14, and the air outlet section 13. The heat sink is installed perpendicular to the inner surface of the housing 15 and the outer surface of the top drive main motor base to form a closed structure. Multiple heat sinks are fixed to the base of the top drive main motor by mounting plates. The mounting plates cover the portion of the top drive main motor base surface that overlaps with the annular closed cavity, essentially forming the inner ring surface of the annular closed cavity. The mounting plates are adapted to the shape of the top drive main motor base and are fixed to the base surface by evenly distributed screws, allowing multiple heat sinks to be installed quickly and conveniently as a whole.

[0029] In another technical solution, the integrated cooling device has a main air inlet 151 located at the top of the housing 15 and a main air outlet located at the bottom of the housing 15. The air inlet duct 11 connects the first auxiliary air outlet 511 and the main air inlet 151 in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the top drive main motor. Each air inlet section 12 and each air outlet section 13 are arranged parallel to the axis of the top drive main motor. Each air supply section 14 (in the same group of heat dissipation channels) is arranged parallel to the circumference of the annular closed cavity. Specifically, the air inlet duct 11 is fixed horizontally (perpendicular to the axis of the top drive main motor) between the base of the top drive main motor and the first auxiliary air box 51. During installation, it is necessary to avoid the position where the main heat dissipation component 1 is set on the base. Since the main air inlet 151 is located at the top of the housing 15 and the air inlet duct 11 is located above the main heat dissipation component 1, the airflow from the first auxiliary air box 51 is transitioned through the air inlet duct 11 and output to the main air inlet 151 below, while also serving as a connection and guide. The same heat sink has reasonable guide rounded corners at the connection between the air inlet section 12 and the air outlet section 14, and at the connection between the air outlet section 14 and the air outlet section 13. These guide rounded corners direct the airflow reaching the turning structure of the heat dissipation channel, allowing the air to turn smoothly and reducing airflow energy loss and turbulence formation caused by sharp turns, thus improving airflow fluidity and stability. In this embodiment, one air inlet section 12 / air outlet section 13 can correspond to one or two air outlet sections 14, such as... Figure 3-4 As shown, an air inlet section 12, two air supply sections 14, and an air outlet section 13 together form a complete heat dissipation channel.

[0030] In the above technical solution, the air inlet section 12 and the air outlet section 13 are both vertically arranged, while the air supply section 14 is horizontally arranged. During the airflow along the air inlet section 12, air supply section 14, and air outlet section 13, based on the dynamic-to-static pressure energy conversion principle in fluid mechanics, a static pressure box effect is formed within the heat dissipation channel in conjunction with the air duct turning structure. This allows the air to be fully mixed before entering the air supply section 14 and balances the air pressure distribution at the connection point between the air supply section 14 and the air outlet section 13, ensuring consistent air pressure at the main air outlet for each heat dissipation channel. This allows each heat sink to receive a uniform cooling airflow, preventing localized overheating. Simultaneously, the air outlet section 13, in conjunction with the main air outlet located at the bottom of the housing 15, forms a chimney effect. Utilizing the principle of rising hot air, a natural suction force is generated, effectively reducing the back pressure at the main air outlet. This eliminates the need for excessive resistance during airflow discharge, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the drive mechanism 4 and improving energy efficiency. A deflector can be added to the main air outlet to guide the hot air and discharge it away from the equipment maintenance area, thereby avoiding harm to operators from the high-temperature airflow and reducing the impact of the high-temperature airflow on the surrounding environment.

[0031] In another technical solution, the integrated cooling device includes a variable cross-section flow guiding mechanism in each heat dissipation channel. This mechanism includes a phase change driving element 71, which is a helical spring structure. Its axis is perpendicular to the side plate (i.e., the mounting plate for the heat sink) adjacent to the corresponding heat dissipation channel and the top drive main motor. One end of the phase change driving element 71 is fixedly connected to the side plate. A heating wire 72 is wound around the phase change driving element 71. A flow guiding plate 73 is arranged parallel to the axis of the top drive main motor. One end of the flow guiding plate 73 is disposed on the side plate and hinged thereto, while the other end is fixedly supported on the phase change driving element 71. A temperature sensor is disposed in the corresponding heat dissipation channel. A controller is electrically connected to both the temperature sensor and the heating wire 72.

[0032] The guide plate 73 is rotatably mounted in the heat dissipation channel. The phase change driving element 71 and the heating wire 72 cooperate to form an elastic support assembly based on temperature changes. By controlling the temperature change at the phase change driving element 71, the angle of the guide plate 73 can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the actual ventilation cross-sectional area of ​​the heat dissipation channel. The end of the guide plate 73 near the main air inlet 151 is hinged to the side plate, and the end of the guide plate 73 near the main air outlet is fixedly connected to the end of the phase change driving element 71 away from the side plate. The controllers of each variable cross-section guide mechanism can be integrated and externally mounted (e.g., fixed on the top drive main motor). The controller controls the operation of the heating wire 72 by controlling the on / off state of the heating circuit of the heating wire 72. The controller and the temperature sensor can be wirelessly connected to receive the detected temperature data. Specifically, the phase change drive element 71 adopts a phase change spring, which is made of nickel-titanium memory alloy. It is thermomechanically trained to precisely set its phase change dimension to 65°C, and the set temperature can also be modified according to the equipment conditions. The support point of the phase change drive element 71 on the guide plate 73 is located at one-third of the length of the guide plate 73, so as to maximize the rate of change of the cross-sectional area of ​​the air duct during rotation. The guide plate 73 can rotate 0°~30° around the hinge point. The edge of the guide plate 73 is aerodynamic arc with a radius of curvature of 15mm.

[0033] In this embodiment, when the temperature of the top drive main motor is less than or equal to the set temperature, the phase change drive element 71 is in its initial state, the guide plate 73 is in its initial position, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the air duct is minimized, meeting the conventional heat dissipation requirements. When the temperature data detected by the temperature sensor in a certain heat dissipation channel exceeds the set threshold, the controller triggers the heating circuit of the heating wire 72. The heating wire 72 heats up rapidly, causing the phase change drive element 71 to undergo an austenitic phase transformation and contract, pulling the guide plate 73 to rotate (closer to the side plate), thus expanding the cross-sectional area of ​​the air duct, increasing the cooling airflow, and improving the heat dissipation effect. When the temperature reaches equilibrium, the controller shuts off the heating circuit, the phase change drive element 71 cools naturally, returns to the martensitic state and elongates, driving the guide plate 73 back to its initial position.

[0034] In another technical solution, the integrated cooling device includes a first auxiliary air box 51 with a volute-shaped outer contour and an end extending outward in a horizontal direction to form the first auxiliary air outlet 511. The first auxiliary air inlet is located on the end face of the first auxiliary air box 51. The first fan 52 is a turbine fan with its axis perpendicular to the end face of the first auxiliary air box 51. The horizontal direction is perpendicular to the axis of the top-drive main motor. With the air inlet duct 11 located above the main heat dissipation assembly 1, the first auxiliary air outlet 511 is correspondingly located on the top of the first auxiliary air box 51, facilitating the connection and installation of the airflow transmission structure and reducing airflow loss. In this case, the first auxiliary air box 51 is designed with the air inlet direction aligned with the axial direction of the first fan 52, and the air outlet direction parallel to the radial direction of the first fan 52.

[0035] Under the action of the turbine fan, airflow is introduced into the first air box 21 through the first air inlet 23. Then, the airflow enters the volute-type first auxiliary air box 51 through the first auxiliary air inlet for compression and acceleration. The accelerated airflow then enters the annular closed cavity through the first auxiliary air outlet 511, the air inlet duct 11, and the main air inlet 151. The volute-type auxiliary air box design, in conjunction with the turbine fan, can further increase the airflow velocity entering the main heat dissipation component 1. The high-pressure airflow can better meet the dense heat dissipation requirements of the top drive main motor, ensuring the heat dissipation effect.

[0036] In another technical solution, the integrated cooling device includes a dual-axis motor as the drive mechanism 4, with its two output shafts positioned opposite each other at both ends, one of which is connected to the first fan 52 via a transmission connection; the auxiliary heat dissipation assembly further includes: The second auxiliary air box 61 is disposed opposite to the first auxiliary air box 51 at both ends of the drive mechanism 4. The second auxiliary air box 61 is provided with a second auxiliary air inlet and a second auxiliary air outlet along the airflow direction (designed air inlet and air outlet directions). The second auxiliary air box 61 is provided with a second fan 62 inside, which is connected to the other output shaft of the dual-axis motor. The second radiator 3 includes a second air box 31, which has a second heat dissipation module 32 inside. Hydraulic oil and lubricating oil are respectively introduced into the first heat dissipation module 22 and the second heat dissipation module 32. The second air box 31 has a second air inlet 33 and a second air outlet 34 on both sides facing each other. The second air inlet 33 and the second auxiliary air outlet are directly opposite each other and connected to each other to form a uniform airflow path and improve the surface temperature uniformity of the second radiator 3.

[0037] In this embodiment, the second heat dissipation module 32 can be a conventional heat exchanger structure, with internal pipes for the flow of high-temperature oil. The first radiator 2 is connected to the hydraulic oil system for cooling the hydraulic oil, and the second radiator 3 is connected to the lubricating oil system for cooling the lubricating oil. The first fan 52 and the second fan 62 are driven by dual shafts of the same drive mechanism 4, respectively, to achieve differentiated airflow control for hydraulic oil cooling and lubricating oil cooling, optimizing the adaptability to different cooling needs. The second fan 62, in conjunction with the second auxiliary fan, can provide a large airflow to meet the large-area cooling requirements of the lubricating oil radiator (second radiator 3), improving the overall system cooling efficiency.

[0038] The auxiliary heat dissipation components, through the cooperation of the drive mechanism 4 with the first auxiliary air box 51, the first air box 21, the second auxiliary air box 61, and the second air box 31, achieve airflow distribution design. This ensures that the airflow introduction into the first air box 21 and the airflow blowing into the second air box 31 are synchronized and independent, with the two heat dissipation paths operating independently and collaboratively. The heat from the first heat dissipation module 22 within the first air box 21 is quickly dissipated, while the second air box 31 also receives timely cooling airflow. This parallel heat dissipation mode avoids the problems of mutual heat interference and reduced heat dissipation efficiency in traditional distributed heat dissipation systems. It allows the top drive main motor, hydraulic oil, and lubricating oil to be stably maintained within a safe operating temperature range under complex working conditions, effectively improving the reliability of continuous equipment operation.

[0039] In another technical solution, the integrated cooling device includes a second auxiliary air box 61 comprising a baffle continuously arranged around the output shaft in the circumferential direction, which is fixedly mounted between the housing of the drive mechanism 4 and the second air box 31. The second auxiliary air inlet is opened at the bottom of the baffle, and the second auxiliary air outlet is the connection end face between the baffle and the second air box 31.

[0040] The baffle is fixedly connected to the housing of the drive mechanism 4 to form the closed end face of the second auxiliary air box 61. The connecting end face of the baffle and the second air box 61 directly constitutes the second auxiliary air outlet of the second auxiliary air box 61. At the same time, this connecting end face is part of the housing of the second air box 31 and is provided with a second air inlet 33, realizing the communication between the second auxiliary air outlet and the second air inlet 33. At this time, the air inlet direction of the second auxiliary air box 61 is its height direction, and the air outlet direction is the axis of the second fan 62.

[0041] In another technical solution, the integrated cooling device has filters installed at the first air inlet 23 of the first air box 21 and the second air outlet 34 of the second air box 31. Specifically, the first air inlet 23 is equipped with a first filter, which can intercept particulate impurities in the air, reduce the entry of pollutants and impurities into the first radiator 2, reduce the wear risk of the first fan 52 in the first auxiliary air box 51, extend its service life, and improve reliability. The second air outlet 34 is equipped with a second filter, which can intercept oil mist particles when hot air is discharged, reduce environmental pollution and equipment surface deposition, improve safety, and also help reduce the reverse entry of external pollutants and impurities into the second radiator 3, improve its working stability, and ensure heat dissipation effect.

[0042] In another technical solution, the integrated cooling device further includes a support plate supported at the bottom of the auxiliary heat dissipation component; an inverted L-shaped protective cover 8, the horizontal part of which is located above the auxiliary heat dissipation component and is arranged parallel to and spaced apart from the support plate, the horizontal part being connected to the end cover of the top drive main motor through a connecting mechanism, and the vertical part being located on the side of the auxiliary heat dissipation component away from the top drive main motor and fixedly connected to the support plate.

[0043] In the above technical solution, since it is necessary to ensure smooth connection between the first auxiliary air outlet 511 and the air inlet duct 11, when the height of the auxiliary heat dissipation component itself is insufficient, the support plate can be raised by an auxiliary bracket or other inherent structure so that the first auxiliary air outlet 511 of the auxiliary heat dissipation component can be aligned with the height position of the air inlet duct 11. The horizontal and vertical parts of the inverted L-shaped protective cover 8 are integrally formed, and the width of the horizontal and vertical parts is equal to the length of the support plate to fully cover the range of the auxiliary heat dissipation component. Multiple connecting mechanisms can be set along the width direction of the horizontal part (i.e., the length direction of the support plate). Each connecting mechanism includes a hinge seat, which is fixed on the end cover of the top drive main motor; a hinge shaft, which passes through the hinge seat along the width direction of the horizontal part and is fixedly connected to it; and two rotating plates, which are arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the hinge seat. One end of each rotating plate is rotatably connected to the hinge shaft, and the other end is fixedly connected to the horizontal part. The inverted L-shaped protective cover 8 can rotate downwards to cover the auxiliary heat dissipation components and form protection. The hinged connection structure makes it convenient to open the protective cover and inspect the auxiliary heat dissipation components when the cooling device fails.

[0044] Example 1 An integrated cooling device includes: The main heat dissipation assembly 1 includes a housing 15, with a main air inlet 151 at the top and a main air outlet at the bottom. The main air inlet 151 and the main air outlet are located at the radial ends of the housing 15, respectively. Two sets of heat dissipation channels are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the interior of the housing 15. Each set of heat dissipation channels includes multiple heat dissipation channels continuously arranged along the height direction of the housing 15. Each heat dissipation channel includes an air inlet section 12, an air supply section 14, and an air outlet section 13 connected in sequence. The air inlet section 12 is connected to the main air inlet 151, the air outlet section 13 is connected to the main air outlet, and the air supply section 14 is connected to the air inlet section 12 and the air outlet section 13. Each air inlet section 12 and each air outlet section 13 are arranged vertically, and each air supply section 14 is arranged horizontally along the circumference of the annular closed cavity. An auxiliary heat dissipation assembly includes a first auxiliary air box 51, whose outer contour is spiral-shaped and whose end extends horizontally outward to form a first auxiliary air outlet 511. It is connected to the main air inlet 151 via a horizontally arranged air inlet pipe 11. A turbine fan is installed inside the first auxiliary air box 51, and a first auxiliary air inlet is provided on the side wall of the first auxiliary air box 51 opposite to the turbine fan. A first radiator 2 includes a first air box 21, which houses a first heat dissipation module 22. A first air inlet 23 and a first air outlet are provided opposite each other on both sides of the first air box 21. The first air outlet and the first auxiliary air inlet are directly opposite each other. The system includes: a second auxiliary air box 61, which has a second fan 62 inside and a second auxiliary air inlet and a second auxiliary air outlet along the airflow direction; a second radiator 3, which includes a second air box 31, which has a second heat dissipation module 32 inside, and a second air inlet 33 and a second air outlet 34 opposite to each other on both sides of the second air box 31, with the second air inlet 33 and the second auxiliary air outlet facing each other and communicating with each other; and a drive mechanism 4, which is located between the first auxiliary air box 51 and the second auxiliary air box 61. The drive mechanism 4 adopts a dual-axis motor, and its two output shafts are used to drive the turbine fan and the second fan 62 to rotate, respectively.

[0045] The method of using the above-mentioned integrated cooling device includes: During the drilling platform construction, technicians hoisted the integrated cooling unit to the designated installation position of the top drive system according to the derrick space dimensions. The main heat dissipation component 1 was fixed to the base of the top drive main motor with bolts, and the auxiliary heat dissipation component was fixed to one side of the top drive main motor and connected to the main heat dissipation component 1 using an auxiliary bracket. After installation, the first heat dissipation module 22 was connected to the hydraulic oil circulation pipeline, and the second heat dissipation module 32 was connected to the gearbox lubrication system. Subsequently, the drive mechanism 4 was started for debugging, and the speed matching between the turbine fan and the second fan 62 was checked to ensure that the airflow distribution of the main heat dissipation component 1, the first radiator 2, and the second radiator 3 met the design requirements.

[0046] When the drilling equipment is started, the integrated cooling device is activated simultaneously, and the dual shafts of the drive mechanism 4 drive the turbine fan and the second fan 62 to rotate respectively. The turbine fan immediately draws ambient air from the first air inlet 23. The air exchanges heat with the high-temperature hydraulic oil in the first air box 21, quickly reducing the temperature of the hydraulic oil. Then, the airflow enters the volute-type first auxiliary air box 51 through the first auxiliary air inlet for compression and acceleration. The accelerated airflow enters the main heat dissipation assembly 1 through the first auxiliary air outlet 511, the air inlet pipe 11, and the main air inlet 151 to dissipate heat from the top drive main motor. At the same time, the second fan 62 blows air into the second air box 31 to efficiently dissipate heat from the lubricating oil.

[0047] Furthermore, when the ambient temperature is lower than the starting requirements of the top drive main motor, the turbine fan draws in cool air from the external environment through the first air box 21. At this time, the hydraulic oil system has already generated a certain amount of heat during equipment standby or low-load operation. After the cool air exchanges heat with the first heat dissipation module 22, its temperature rises. The turbine fan then compresses and accelerates the hot air, sending it into the main heat dissipation component 1. The hot air flows evenly across the surface of the top drive main motor through the annular heat dissipation channel, transferring heat to the windings and base (casing) of the top drive main motor, gradually raising its temperature to a suitable starting operating temperature. In low-temperature operating scenarios, this significantly shortens the preheating time of the top drive main motor and improves operating efficiency.

[0048] Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. They can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. An integrated cooling device, characterized in that, include: The main heat dissipation assembly is an annular air-cooled heat dissipation structure, which includes a housing that is fixedly fitted onto the base of the top drive main motor and forms an annular closed cavity along its circumference; a main air inlet and a main air outlet, which are arranged opposite to each other at the radial ends of the housing and are used to connect the annular closed cavity to the outside; and two sets of heat dissipation channels, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the inside of the annular closed cavity, with each set of heat dissipation channels used to connect the main air inlet and the main air outlet. An auxiliary heat dissipation assembly is disposed on the side of the top drive main motor near the main air inlet. The auxiliary heat dissipation assembly includes a first auxiliary air box, which contains a first fan. The first auxiliary air box has a first auxiliary air inlet and a first auxiliary air outlet spaced apart along the airflow direction. The first auxiliary air outlet is connected to the main air inlet through an air inlet pipe. A drive mechanism is configured to drive the first fan to rotate. A first radiator includes a first air box, which contains a first heat dissipation module. Hydraulic oil and / or lubricating oil are circulated in the first heat dissipation module. The first air box has a first air inlet and a first air outlet on opposite sides. The first air outlet is directly opposite to and connected to the first auxiliary air inlet.

2. The integrated cooling device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The set of heat dissipation channels includes multiple heat dissipation channels continuously arranged along the height direction of the annular closed cavity. Each heat dissipation channel includes an air inlet section, an air supply section and an air outlet section connected in sequence. The air inlet section is connected to the main air inlet, the air outlet section is connected to the main air outlet, and the air supply section connects the air inlet section and the air outlet section.

3. The integrated cooling device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The heat dissipation channel is formed by heat dissipation fins fixed between the inner side wall of the housing and the outer side wall of the base of the top drive main motor. Each heat dissipation fin is arranged in parallel at the air inlet section, air supply section and air outlet section.

4. The integrated cooling device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The main air inlet is located at the top of the housing, and the main air outlet is located at the bottom of the housing. The air inlet duct connects the first auxiliary air outlet and the main air inlet in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the top drive main motor. Each air inlet section and each air outlet section are arranged parallel to the axis of the top drive main motor, and each air supply section is arranged parallel to the circumference of the annular closed cavity.

5. The integrated cooling device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Each heat dissipation channel is equipped with a variable cross-section flow guiding mechanism, which includes a phase change driving element, which is a helical spring structure, with its axis perpendicular to the side plate adjacent to the top drive main motor of the corresponding heat dissipation channel. One end of the phase change driving element is fixedly connected to the side plate; a heating wire is wound around the phase change driving element; a flow guide plate is arranged parallel to the axis of the top drive main motor, with one end of the flow guide plate disposed on the side plate and hinged thereto, and the other end fixedly supported on the phase change driving element; a temperature sensor is disposed in the corresponding heat dissipation channel; and a controller is electrically connected to the temperature sensor and the heating wire.

6. The integrated cooling device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first auxiliary air box is a volute structure with a volute-shaped outer contour and its end extends outward in a horizontal direction to form the first auxiliary air outlet. The first auxiliary air inlet is located on the end face of the first auxiliary air box. The first fan is a turbine fan with its axis perpendicular to the end face of the first auxiliary air box.

7. The integrated cooling device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The drive mechanism is a dual-axis motor with two output shafts positioned opposite each other at both ends, one of which is connected to the first fan drive; the auxiliary heat dissipation assembly further includes: The second auxiliary air box is disposed opposite to the first auxiliary air box at both ends of the drive mechanism. The second auxiliary air box is provided with a second auxiliary air inlet and a second auxiliary air outlet along the airflow direction. The second auxiliary air box is provided with a second fan inside, which is connected to the other output shaft of the dual-axis motor. The second radiator includes a second air box, which has a second heat dissipation module inside. Hydraulic oil and lubricating oil are respectively introduced into the first heat dissipation module and the second heat dissipation module. The second air box has a second air inlet and a second air outlet on opposite sides. The second air inlet and the second auxiliary air outlet are directly opposite each other and connected to each other.

8. The integrated cooling device as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The second auxiliary air box includes a baffle that is continuously arranged around the output shaft in the circumferential direction. It is fixedly mounted between the housing of the drive mechanism and the second air box. The second auxiliary air inlet is opened at the bottom of the baffle, and the second auxiliary air outlet is the connection end face between the baffle and the second air box.

9. The integrated cooling device as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The first air inlet of the first air box and the second air outlet of the second air box are respectively covered with filter screens.

10. The integrated cooling device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a support plate, which is supported at the bottom of the auxiliary heat dissipation component; and an inverted L-shaped protective cover, the horizontal part of which is located above the auxiliary heat dissipation component and is arranged parallel to and spaced apart from the support plate. The horizontal part is connected to the end cover of the top drive main motor through a connecting mechanism, and the vertical part is located on the side of the auxiliary heat dissipation component away from the top drive main motor and is fixedly connected to the support plate.

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