Machine tool and chip removal method for machine tool

Abstract

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a machine tool and a method for removing cuttings from a machine tool that suppress contamination outside the machine tool. An NC lathe (1) for machining a workpiece (W) is provided with: a housing (11); a chip bucket (8) which is disposed inside the housing (11) and receives chips generated by machining the workpiece (W); an opening forming part 112 provided in the housing 11 and forming an opening 1121 through which the chip bucket 8 can be pulled out to the outside of the housing 11; and an opening cover (15) which is detachably attached to the housing (11) and which closes the opening (1121) in an attached state in which the opening cover (15) is attached to the housing (11). Furthermore, the opening forming part 112 has a slit 1122 which is continuous with the opening 1121, is formed by extending in the width direction of the opening 1121, and can insert an opening cover 15, which is detached from the housing 11, into the interior of the housing 11.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a machine tool for processing workpieces and a method for removing chips from the machine tool. Background Technology

[0002] Traditionally, cutting oil is used in machine tools such as lathes or milling machines that process workpieces. This cutting oil, also known as coolant, reduces machining resistance during workpiece processing and cools both the workpiece and the tool. Furthermore, chips are generated during workpiece processing in the machine tool. To remove these chips from the machine tool housing, a chip shovel is provided at the lower end of the machining chamber (see, for example, Patent Document 1). An opening forming portion is provided in the machine tool housing, forming an opening that allows the chip shovel to be pulled out of the housing. Furthermore, to prevent chips or cutting oil from flying out or flowing out of the opening into the outside of the machine tool, a closing cover is detachably mounted on the machine tool housing to close the opening. This closing cover is formed so that it covers the entire opening when mounted on the housing, and its height is greater than the opening and its width is greater than the opening's width. When discarding chips accumulated in the chip bucket, the machine operator removes the open mask from the housing and places it outside the machine, then pulls the chip bucket out of the machine housing and discards the chips accumulated in the chip bucket into a waste bin located outside the machine.

[0003] [Background Technical Documents]

[0004] [Patent Literature]

[0005] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2021-30355 Summary of the Invention

[0006] [The problem the invention aims to solve]

[0007] When the machine tool housing is in the installed state with the diaphragm attached, chips or cutting oil scattered during processing adhere to the inner surface of the diaphragm. In the machine tool described in Patent Document 1, when the diaphragm is removed from the housing and placed outside the machine tool, or when the chip bucket or waste chips are pulled out while the diaphragm is in this placed state, chips or cutting oil adhering to the inner surface of the diaphragm sometimes fall outside the machine. Furthermore, there is a problem that the fallen chips or cutting oil cause dirt to the floor or other surfaces of the factory where the machine tool is located.

[0008] The present invention was developed in view of the aforementioned problems, and its purpose is to provide a machine tool that suppresses external dirt on the machine tool and a method for removing chips from the machine tool.

[0009] [Technical means to solve the problem]

[0010] The machine tool of the present invention, which solves the aforementioned problem, is for machining workpieces, and is characterized by having:

[0011] case;

[0012] A chip bucket is placed inside the housing and receives chips generated from the processing of the workpiece;

[0013] An opening forming portion is disposed in the housing and forms an opening that allows the chip bucket to be pulled out of the housing; and

[0014] The mask can be opened and freely installed onto the housing, and the opening is closed when installed on the housing; and

[0015] The opening forming portion has a slit that extends continuously along the opening in the width direction of the opening and is capable of inserting the opening mask, which is removed from the housing, into the interior of the housing.

[0016] According to the machine tool, since the opening mask can be inserted into the interior of the housing, it is not necessary to place the opening mask, which has been removed from the housing, outside the machine tool. This prevents chips or cutting oil adhering to the inner surface of the opening mask from falling outside the machine tool.

[0017] Here, the slit can also be used to insert the lower portion of the opening mask into the interior of the housing in the installed state. The opening forming portion can also have the slit for inserting the width-direction end of the opening mask. Furthermore, the opening forming portion can also have pairs of slits on both sides of the opening in the width direction. In this case, the slits on both sides of the pair in the width direction can also be formed at the same height. The opening mask is plate-shaped, and the slits can also be wider than the plate thickness of the opening mask.

[0018] In the machine tool,

[0019] The mask can also be configured such that the upper part in the installed state is wider than the sum of the width of the opening and the length of the slit in the extension direction, and the lower part in the installed state is narrower than the sum of the widths. In the installed state, the upper part can also be positioned to close the slit.

[0020] By sealing the slit with the opening mask in the installed state, leakage of chips or cutting oil from the slit can be prevented. Furthermore, the lower portion of the removed opening mask can be inserted into the interior of the housing through the slit.

[0021] Here, the opening mask can also be configured to close the entire opening in the installed state. Furthermore, the opening mask can also be wider than the width of the opening. Further, the opening mask can also be configured to be taller than the height of the opening. Moreover, the opening mask can also close both the entire opening and the slit in the installed state.

[0022] In the machine tool,

[0023] It can also include: a support component, fixed inside the housing, which supports and supports the lower part of the mask inserted into the housing in the installed state.

[0024] By using the support member to support the lower end, the posture of the mask inserted into the housing can be stabilized.

[0025] Here, the support members can also be a pair disposed on one side of the width direction of the opening. Furthermore, the opening mask inserted into the housing can also be supported at its middle portion in the height direction by the slit portion of the opening forming part in the installed state.

[0026] In the machine tool,

[0027] The support member can also be positioned lower than the slit.

[0028] Through the slit and the supporting member, the opening mask inserted into the interior of the housing is in an inclined position with its lower side facing downward in the installed state. Therefore, the chips or cutting oil attached to the opening mask are directed towards the interior of the housing through the opening mask and are less likely to fall onto the outside of the machine tool.

[0029] Furthermore, in the machine tool,

[0030] The opening mask can also be in the form of a protrusion, wherein the opening mask is inserted into the interior of the housing in a direction with the inner side, which is the inner side, as the lower surface in the installed state, and protrudes in the pull-out path of the chip bucket, so that the chip bucket cannot be pulled out of the housing.

[0031] According to the described configuration, since the chip bucket is not pulled out of the housing when the opening mask is inserted into the housing with the inner side as the lower surface, it is prompted to insert the opening mask into the housing with the inner side as the upper surface. Furthermore, by inserting the opening mask into the housing with the inner side as the upper surface, it prevents chips or cutting oil adhering to the opening mask from falling onto the outside of the machine tool during insertion or while the opening mask is being inserted into the housing 11.

[0032] Here, the opening mask can also be inserted into the interior of the housing with the inner side, which is the inner side in the installed state, as the upper surface, and the protrusion is positioned away from the pull-out path of the chip bucket. Alternatively, the protrusion can be positioned such that it touches the chip bucket when attempting to pull it out of the housing, preventing the chip bucket from being pulled out.

[0033] The chip removal method for a machine tool according to the present invention, which solves the aforementioned problem, is characterized in that it is a chip removal method for a machine tool, wherein the machine tool comprises:

[0034] A housing; a chip bucket disposed inside the housing and receiving chips generated during the processing of a workpiece; an opening forming portion having an opening for pulling the chip bucket out of the housing, and a slit extending continuously in the width direction of the opening; and an opening cover that is freely mounted to the housing and closes the opening when mounted to the housing; and the chip removal method having:

[0035] The removal process involves removing the mask from the housing.

[0036] In the insertion process, the open-face mask, which has been removed in the removal process, is inserted into the slit to insert the open-face mask into the interior of the housing; and

[0037] The pulling-out process involves pulling the chip bucket out of the housing.

[0038] According to the chip removal method of the machine tool, since the opening mask is inserted into the interior of the housing during the insertion process, the chips or cutting oil adhering to the inner side of the opening mask that would otherwise fall onto the exterior of the machine tool due to the opening mask being placed outside the machine tool after being removed from the housing is prevented from falling onto the exterior of the machine tool.

[0039] Here, the insertion process can also be a process of inserting the open-face mask into the slit in the direction where the inner side, which is the inner side, is the upper surface in the installed state. Alternatively, the insertion process can also be a process of inserting the paired slits formed at the ends of the open-face mask in the width direction into the two ends of the open-face mask.

[0040] [The effects of the invention]

[0041] According to the present invention, a machine tool that suppresses external contamination and a method for chip removal from the machine tool are provided. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 This is a front view of the NC (Numerical Control) lathe in this embodiment.

[0043] Figure 2 It is simply a representation Figure 1 The front view of the internal structure of the NC lathe shown.

[0044] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The right side view of the NC lathe shown.

[0045] Figure 4 (a) in the middle is Figure 3 The front view of the open mask shown in Figure (a) is shown in Figure (b), and the left side view of the open mask shown in Figure (a) is shown in Figure (b).

[0046] Figure 5 This refers to the NC lathe that allows the mask to be removed. Figure 3 The same right-side view.

[0047] Figure 6 This is a 3D view of a chip bucket.

[0048] Figure 7 It means Figure 1 The flowchart shown is for the chip removal operation of an NC lathe.

[0049] Figure 8 It means to Figure 3 The image shown is a cross-sectional view of the action of removing the mask from the casing.

[0050] Figure 9 It means to Figure 3 The image shows a cross-sectional view of the action of inserting the mask into the housing.

[0051] Figure 10 It means to Figure 1 The shown is a cross-sectional view of the action of the chip bucket being pulled out of the housing.

[0052] Figure 11This refers to the case where the modified mask is inserted into the shell. Figure 10 The same sectional view.

[0053] Figure 12 It means Figure 1 The guide bushing of the NC lathe shown is in the right-side view of the first tool holder.

[0054] Figure 13 yes Figure 12 The top view of the tool mounting section for the lathe tool on the first tool table shown.

[0055] Figure 14 Is Figure 12 A cross-sectional view of the thermal displacement sensor mounted on the tool mounting section of the first tool holder. Detailed Implementation

[0056] The following is a reference appendix. Figure 1 The following describes embodiments of the present invention. In this embodiment, an example of applying the present invention to an NC (Numerical Control) lathe is used for illustration.

[0057] Figure 1 This is a front view of the NC lathe 1 of this embodiment.

[0058] like Figure 1 As shown, the NC lathe 1 of this embodiment includes a housing 11 and an operation panel 12. The NC lathe 1 is an example of a machine tool. The NC lathe 1 of this embodiment is a so-called Swiss-type lathe. Furthermore, the housing 11 in this embodiment refers to the part excluding the operation panel 12 and the opening cover 15 described later (see reference). Figure 3 The NC lathe 1, excluding the armored portion and body portion, consists of the housing 11 and the spindle chamber 14. Inside the housing 11 are the cutting chamber 13 and the spindle chamber 14. The cutting chamber 13 is used to cut metal bars, i.e., workpieces W (see reference). Figure 2 The spindle chamber 14 is a room where the front end of the lathe is machined, and is located on the right side of the NC lathe 1 when viewed from the front side. The workpiece W is an example of a workpiece to be machined. The spindle chamber 14 is where the first spindle table 3 (see reference) is located. Figure 2 ) and the first main shaft 31 (reference) Figure 2 The cutting chamber 13, viewed from the front side, is located on the left side of the NC lathe 1. Inside the cutting chamber 13, at its lower end, is a chip hopper 8 for receiving chips generated during the machining of the workpiece W. The chip hopper 8 will be described later.

[0059] The operation panel 12 is a panel consisting of an operation section and a display screen. The operation section includes multiple buttons or keys for input operations performed by the operator of the NC lathe 1. The display screen shows various information related to the NC lathe 1, such as the NC program, various settings of the NC lathe 1, and error messages. Additionally, Figure 1 The buttons, keys, and display screens of the control unit are omitted from the illustrations.

[0060] Figure 2 This is a front view simply showing the internal structure of the NC lathe 1 according to this embodiment. Figure 2 It also indicates that there is a control device 2 located on the NC lathe 1. Furthermore, in Figure 2 The area of ​​the cutting chamber 13 in the forward view is represented by a rectangle with a thin double-dotted line.

[0061] like Figure 2 As shown, the NC lathe 1 internally includes a first spindle head 3, a guide sleeve 4, a first tool holder 5, a second spindle head 6, and a second tool holder 7. The first spindle head 3, guide sleeve 4, first tool holder 5, second spindle head 6, and second tool holder 7 are mounted on a base, i.e., a bracket (not shown). The first spindle head 3, first tool holder 5, second spindle head 6, and second tool holder 7 are controlled by a control device 2. The control device 2 is a computer that primarily operates the first spindle head 3, first tool holder 5, second spindle head 6, and second tool holder 7 through numerical control according to the NC program. Furthermore, detection signals from various sensors installed on the NC lathe are input to the control device 2. Based on these detection signals, the control device 2 performs various calculations to determine the moving position of the first spindle head 3, first tool holder 5, second spindle head 6, or second tool holder 7. Additionally, the control device 2 displays the status information of the NC lathe 1 on a display screen.

[0062] The first spindle stage 3 has a first spindle 31. The first spindle stage 3 can move along the Z1 axis. The Z1 axis is a horizontal direction. Figure 1 The center represents the left-right direction. The first spindle 31 can release and hold the long, rod-shaped workpiece W inserted into it, and can rotate around the center line CL1 of the first spindle. The direction of the center line CL1 of the first spindle is consistent with the direction of the Z1 axis.

[0063] The guide sleeve 4 slidably supports the front end portion of the workpiece W, which is held by the first spindle 31, in the Z1 axis direction. Since the guide sleeve 4 suppresses bending of the workpiece W during machining, it is particularly capable of machining slender workpieces W with high precision. The end face of the guide sleeve 4, opposite to the side where the first spindle 31 is located, is exposed within the cutting chamber 13.

[0064] The first tool holder 5 is orthogonal to the Z1 axis and can move along the Y1 axis (which is horizontal) and the X1 axis (which is vertical). Figure 1 In the middle, the vertical direction is the X1 axis, and the direction orthogonal to the paper is the Y1 axis. On the first tool holder 5, multiple tool mounting parts 51 for mounting the first tool T1 for machining the workpiece W are arranged side-by-side along the Y1 axis (see reference). Figure 12 The first tools T1 installed in each of the tool mounting sections 51 are arranged in a comb-like pattern. By moving the first tool holder 5 along the Y1 axis, any one of the multiple first tools T1 can be selected. Furthermore, by moving the first tool holder 5 along the X1 axis, the selected first tool T1 processes the front end portion of the workpiece W. The chips and cutting oil generated during the processing fall from the contact point between the workpiece W and the first tool T1, i.e., near the processing point, and are collected in the chip hopper 8 (see reference) located at the lower end of the cutting chamber 13. Figure 1 ).

[0065] The second spindle stage 6 has a second spindle 61. The second spindle stage 6 is movable along the X2 axis and the Z2 axis. The X2 axis is the same direction as the Y1 axis, and the Z2 axis is the same direction as the Z1 axis. Figure 1 The text indicates that the second spindle 61, with the guide sleeve 4 clamped, is positioned opposite the first spindle 31. In this position, the rotation center of the second spindle, i.e., the center line CL2 of the second spindle, is aligned with the center line CL1 of the first spindle. The direction of the center line CL2 of the second spindle is consistent with the Z2 axis direction. After machining using the first spindle 31, the front end portion of the workpiece W, cut by the first cutting tool T1, is transferred to the second spindle 61. Hereinafter, the front end portion of the workpiece W transferred to the second spindle 61 after cutting will be referred to as the cut-off workpiece. The second spindle 61 can release the gripping grip of the cut-off workpiece transferred from the first spindle 31.

[0066] The second tool holder 7 is movable in the Y2 axis direction. The Y2 axis direction is the same as the X1 axis direction. Multiple second tools T2, such as drills or end mills, for machining the cut-off workpiece are mounted on the second tool holder 7. By moving the second tool holder 7 along the Y2 axis direction, any second tool T2 can be selected from the multiple second tools T2. Furthermore, by moving the second spindle head 6 in the Z2 axis direction, the cut-off end portion of the cut-off workpiece, which is held by the second spindle 61, is machined.

[0067] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The right side view of the NC lathe 1 shown.

[0068] like Figure 3As shown, a faceplate 15 is detachably mounted on the right side of the housing 11 of the NC lathe 1. At the top of the faceplate 15, two keyholes 1511 in a roly-poly shape are formed with a gap in the width direction of the faceplate 15. The width direction of the faceplate 15, when mounted on the housing 11, is consistent with the front-rear direction of the NC lathe 1. Figure 3 The left-right direction is referred to as the width direction. Hereinafter, the left-right direction of the right-side view of the NC lathe 1 viewed from the right side will be referred to as the width direction. Furthermore, the mounting state of the face shield 15 installed on the housing 11 is sometimes simply referred to as the mounting state. Additionally, the width direction of the face shield 15 is also the opening 1121 described later (see reference). Figure 5 The width direction of ).

[0069] Two cover mounting screws 111 are fixed on the right side of the housing 11 at intervals equal to the spacing between the two keyholes 1511. The keyhole 1511 is an elongated oval upper portion narrower than the head of the cover mounting screw 111, continuous with a lower portion of a circular hole larger in diameter than the head of the cover mounting screw 111. The upper portion of the open-face cover 15 in its installed state is held in place by hooking the upper portions of the two keyholes 1511 of the open-face cover 15 to each cover mounting screw 111.

[0070] Figure 4 (a) in the middle is Figure 3 The front view of the mask 15 shown is shown. Figure 4 (b) in the figure is a left-side view of the open-face mask 15 shown in Figure (a). Figure 4 (b) is also known as the view of the open mask 15 as seen from the inside of the NC lathe 1 in the installed state.

[0071] like Figure 4 (a) and Figure 4 As shown in (b), the openable mask 15 is plate-shaped. Specifically, the openable mask 15 comprises a cover body 151 formed by bending a metal plate, and a metal spring-back prevention plate 152 fused to the cover body 151. Two keyholes 1511 are formed near the upper end of the cover body 151. The cover body 151 is formed such that the upper portion in the installed state is wider than the lower portion in the installed state. The spring-back prevention plate 152 is disposed on the inner surface of the openable mask 15 in the installed state. Hereinafter, the surface of the openable mask 15 that is the inner surface in the installed state will be referred to as the inner surface. The upper portion of the spring-back prevention plate 152 is fused to the cover body 151. The lower portion of the spring-back prevention plate 152 is bent into an inverted "く" shape when viewed from the front, as it moves downwards away from the cover body 151. When cutting oil falling through the inner side of the cover body 151 reaches the rebound prevention plate 152 in the installed state, it is guided by the rebound prevention plate 152 to the housing 11 (reference). Figure 1The inner side of the cover body 151 is protected to prevent leakage to the outside of the NC lathe 1. The springback prevention plate 152 is formed to be narrower than the width of the lower part of the cover body 151 in the installed state.

[0072] Figure 5 This indicates that the NC lathe 1 will remove the mask 15 and... Figure 3 The same right-side view.

[0073] like Figure 5 As shown, if the mask is 15 (reference) Figure 3 When the chip bucket 8 is removed from the housing 11, the opening 1121 and the two paired slits 1122 that allow the chip bucket 8 to be pulled out to the outside of the housing 11 are exposed. Conversely, the opening 1121 and slits 1122 are closed when the housing 15 is in the installed state. The opening 1121 and slits 1122 are formed in the opening forming portion 112 provided at the right end of the housing 11. The opening forming portion 112 is a plate-shaped component facing the periphery of the inner side of the housing body 151 in the installed state. The periphery of the inner side of the housing body 151 in the installed state contacts the outer side of the opening forming portion 112. As a result, cutting oil is less likely to leak out of the NC lathe 1. However, there are also parts that may separate due to the undulations of the surfaces. When the opening forming portion 112 is viewed from the right side of the NC lathe 1 with the opening 15 removed, it is generally shaped like a gate.

[0074] The chip bucket 8 is designed as a box shape with an open top. The opening 1121 is rectangular, wider than the chip bucket 8 and approximately 1.5 times the height of the chip bucket 8. Therefore, the chip bucket 8 can be pulled out of the housing 11 through the opening 1121. The width of the opening 1121 is wider than the width of the springback prevention plate 152 and wider than the cover body 151 (see reference). Figure 4 The width of the lower portion of the cover body 151 in its installed state is narrower than that of the cover body 151. Furthermore, the height of the opening 1121 is lower than the height of the cover body 151. Two slits 1122 extend horizontally along the width direction of the opening 1121, each continuous with the opening 1121. The two slits 1122 are formed at the same height. The slit width (height) of the slits 1122 is approximately three times the thickness of the cover body 151. The slit width of the slits 1122 is preferably more than one times the thickness of the cover body 151, considering the ease of insertion of the cover 15 and the freedom of posture of the cover 15. The total width L of the opening 1121 and the lengths of the two slits 1122 in the extending direction (horizontal direction) is wider than the width of the lower portion of the cover body 151 in its installed state. Therefore, the cover 15 (refer to the cover body 151) removed from the housing 11 is wider than that of the lower portion of the cover body 151 in its installed state. Figure 3The lower portion of the mask 15 can be inserted into the interior of the housing 11 by inserting both ends of the mask 15 into the slit 1122 in the width direction. The operation of inserting the mask 15 into the interior of the housing 11 will be described later. On the inner side of the housing 11, closer to the opening 1121 than the inner side, a pair of support members 113 supporting the lower end portion of the mask 15 inserted into the housing 11 are fixed to the side wall of the cutting chamber 13. The pair of support members 113 are positioned in the same location when viewed from the front. The height position of the pair of support members 113 is lower than the slit 1122. Each of the pair of support members 113 is an L-shaped plate formed by bending a metal plate 90 degrees, and protrudes inward from the side wall of the cutting chamber 13 in the width direction.

[0075] from Figure 3 and Figure 5 It can be seen that the upper portion of the openable mask 15 is wider than the total width L in the installed state. Therefore, in the installed state, the central portion of the upper portion of the openable mask 15 faces the opening 1121 in the width direction, and the two ends of the upper portion of the openable mask 15 face the slit 1122 in the width direction. Furthermore, in the installed state, the upper portion of the openable mask 15 closes both the upper portion of the opening 1121 and the slit 1122. In addition, in the installed state, the lower portion of the openable mask 15 faces the opening 1121 and closes the lower portion of the opening 1121. In other words, the openable mask 15 closes both the entire opening 1121 and the slit 1122 in the installed state.

[0076] Figure 6 This is a 3D view of the chip bucket 8.

[0077] like Figure 6 As shown, the chip bucket 8 consists of a bucket body 81 and a partition 82 corresponding to the right side of the chip bucket 8. On the lower surface of the bucket body 81, in... Figure 6 The areas marked with crosshairs form multiple small holes. These holes are shaped to a degree that allows cutting oil to pass through but prevents chips from passing through. The cutting oil flows through these holes into the cutting chamber 13 (reference). Figure 1 The chips flow from the lower end of the bucket body 81. Chips remain and are stored in the bucket body 81. Two handles 811 are provided on the bucket body 81. The handles 811 are used to facilitate easy access of the chip bucket 8 from the housing 11 (see reference 11). Figure 1 The partition 82 is detachably mounted on the bucket body 81. After the chip bucket 8 is pulled out from the housing 11, the chips stored in the bucket body 81 can be easily discharged from the bucket body 81 by removing the partition 82. Furthermore, the partition 82 is larger than the opening 1121 (see reference). Figure 5 It is narrower and lower. Therefore, after the partition 82 is removed from the bucket body 81, the partition 82 can be placed inside the housing 11 through the opening 1121.

[0078] Next, a chip removal method for removing chips accumulated in the chip bucket 8 placed inside the housing 11 will be described.

[0079] Figure 7 It means Figure 1 The flowchart shows the chip removal operation of the NC lathe 1. Figure 8 It means to Figure 3 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the action of removing the mask 15 from the housing 11. Figure 9 It means to Figure 3 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the action of the mask 15 being inserted into the housing 11. Furthermore, Figure 10 It means to Figure 1 The shown is a cross-sectional view of the action of the chip bucket 8 being pulled out of the housing 11.

[0080] like Figure 7 As shown, the mask 15 is first removed from the housing 11 (step S11). Step S11 is equivalent to an example of the removal process. In step S11, as... Figure 8 As shown in (a), slightly lift the mask 15 so that the keyhole 1511 (reference) Figure 4 The large-diameter circular hole on the lower side of (b) is aligned with the height of the head of the cover mounting screw 111. Next, as... Figure 8 As shown in (b), the mask 15 is removed from the housing 11.

[0081] Next, the lower part of the mask 15 is inserted into the interior of the housing 11 (step S12). Step S12 is equivalent to an example of the insertion process. In step S12, as... Figure 9 As shown in (a), with the inner side of the mask 15 as the upper surface, the lower ends of the mask body 151 in the installed state are aligned with the two slits 1122 formed in the opening forming portion 112 (see reference). Figure 5 They are consistent. Then, as... Figure 9 As shown in (b), the lower ends of the cover body 151 in the width direction are inserted into the slit 1122, and the lower part of the cover 15 in the installed state passes through the opening 1121 (see reference). Figure 5 The slit 1122 is inserted into the interior of the housing 11. Next, as... Figure 10As shown, if the lower end of the cover body 151 in the installed state abuts against the support member 113, then the insertion in step S12 is completed. As described above, since the support member 113 is positioned below the slit 1122, the cover body 151, with its lower end abutting against the support member 113, becomes inclined downwards as it faces the interior of the housing 11. Therefore, chips or cutting oil adhering to the cover 15 pass through the surface of the cover 15 into the interior of the housing 11, thus preventing them from easily falling outside the NC lathe 1.

[0082] Next, hold handle 811 and pull the chip bucket 8 out to opening 1121 (reference). Figure 5 The chips stored in the chip bucket 8 are removed from the vicinity of the chip hopper (step S13). Step S13 is equivalent to an example of the pull-out process. Figure 10 The solid line represents the chip bucket 8 before it is pulled out, and the double-dotted line represents the chip bucket 8 during the pulling out process. Here, when the opening mask 15 is inserted into the housing 11 in step S12, if the opening mask 15 is inserted in the direction where the inner side of the opening mask 15 becomes the lower surface, then... Figure 10 As shown by the double-dotted line, the springback prevention plate 152 protrudes downwards and extends into the pull-out path of the chip bucket 8. In step S13, if it is desired to pull out the chip bucket 8 with the springback prevention plate 152 protruding downwards, the springback prevention plate 152 protruding into the pull-out path of the chip bucket 8 becomes an obstacle and hinders the pull-out action of the chip bucket 8. This causes the inner surface of the opening mask 15 to be set as the upper surface and the opening mask 15 to be inserted into the interior of the housing 11. That is, the springback prevention plate 152 is equivalent to an example of a protrusion. By setting the inner surface of the opening mask 15 as the upper surface and inserting the opening mask 15 into the interior of the housing 11, the situation where chips or cutting oil adhering to the inner surface of the opening mask 15 fall outside the machine of the NC lathe 1 when the opening mask 15 is inserted or when the opening mask 15 is inserted into the housing 11 is suppressed.

[0083] If the chip bucket 8 is pulled out from inside the housing 11, the partition 82 is removed from the bucket body 81, and the chips accumulated in the chip bucket 8 are scraped out to the waste bin or the like located outside the NC lathe 1 using a chip scraper (not shown) (step S14). Then, the chip bucket and the opening mask 15 are returned to their original state in the reverse order of steps S11 to S13. Specifically, after the partition 82 is installed on the bucket body 81 that has removed chips, the chip bucket 8 is returned to the inside of the housing 11 (step S15). If the chip bucket 8 is placed in the specified position, the lower part of the opening mask 15 inserted into the inside of the housing 11 is pulled out from the housing 11 (step S16). Then, while making the lower end of the springback prevention plate 152 of the pulled-out opening mask 15 more inward than the outer side of the opening forming part 112, the large-diameter round hole on the lower side of the keyhole 1511 is aligned with the height of the head of the cover mounting screw 111. Next, the opening mask 15 is moved along the inner side of the housing 11 such that the periphery of the inner side of the opening mask 15 contacts the outer side of the opening forming part 112. Then, the opening mask 15 is installed on the housing 11 by slightly lowering the opening mask 15 so that the upper part of the two key holes 1511 is hooked onto each cover mounting screw 111 (step S17).

[0084] According to the NC lathe 1 and its chip removal method described above, the opening diaphragm 15 can be inserted into the housing 11 through the opening 1121 and the slit 1122, thereby eliminating the need to place the opening diaphragm 15, which has been removed from the housing 11, outside the NC lathe 1. This prevents chips or cutting oil adhering to the inner surface of the opening diaphragm 15 from falling onto the outside of the NC lathe 1, thus preventing the outside of the NC lathe 1 from becoming contaminated by chips or cutting oil. Furthermore, since the upper portion of the opening diaphragm 15 facing the portion where the slit 1122 is formed is wider than the combined width of the opening 1121 and the slit 1122, the opening 1121 and the slit 1122 can be closed by the opening diaphragm 15 in the installed state. Therefore, in the installed state of the opening diaphragm 15, leakage of chips or cutting oil from the opening 1121 or the slit 1122 can be prevented. Furthermore, since the lower portion of the open-face mask 15 in its installed state is narrower than the combined width of the opening 1121 and the slit 1122, the lower portion of the open-face mask 15 can be inserted into the interior of the housing 11 through the opening 1121 and the slit 1122.

[0085] Next, variations of this embodiment will be described. In the following description, components with the same names as those described so far will sometimes be labeled with the same symbols used so far, and repeated descriptions will be omitted.

[0086] Figure 11 This refers to the case where the modified mask 15 is inserted into the housing 11. Figure 10 The same sectional view.

[0087] like Figure 11 As shown, the NC lathe 1 in the modified example does not have a support member 113 (see reference). Figure 10 Instead, a cover stop 153 is provided, which differs from the NC lathe 1 described earlier. The opening mask 15 consists of a cover body 151, a springback prevention plate 152, and a cover stop 153. The cover stop 153 is fixed to the outer side of the opening mask 15, which is the outer side when the opening mask 15 is installed. The upper part of the cover stop 153 is fused to the cover body 151. The lower part of the cover stop 153 is bent into a forward-looking U-shape as it moves downward away from the cover body 151. The length of the cover stop 153 in the width direction is greater than that of the opening 1121 (see reference). Figure 5 ) long, in Figure 11 In the state shown, both ends are in contact with the opening forming portion 112 and cannot be inserted into the mask 15. Additionally, in Figure 11 In the state shown, because the portion of the open mask 15 that protrudes outward from the opening 1121 is heavier than the portion that is located inward from the opening 1121, the open mask 15 will be positioned at the slit 1122 (see reference). Figure 5 Centered on Figure 11 The clockwise rotation is prevented by the cover stop 153 to maintain the rotation. Figure 11 The posture shown. Furthermore, when the open-face mask 15 is inserted in the direction where its inner surface becomes the lower surface, it is as follows... Figure 11 As shown by the double-dotted line, the rebound prevention plate 152 protrudes downward and out of the pull-out path of the chip bucket 8, as described in the previous embodiment.

[0088] However, in NC lathe 1 (reference) Figure 1 In order to maintain a certain machining accuracy relative to the structural displacement of the NC lathe 1 caused by heat, a technique is used to control the movement of the first tool holder, etc., by measuring the amount of thermal displacement and applying a correction corresponding to the amount of thermal displacement. For example, this technique is used to control the movement of the first tool holder 5 (see reference 5). Figure 2 The moving ball screw and other components expand and contract due to heat (thermal displacement), and thus the temperature of the components affects the movement position of the first tool holder 5 in the X1 axis direction. Therefore, if thermal displacement correction is not performed from the beginning of machining and the same movement control continues, the machining accuracy will decrease due to the heat generated during machining. In response, the NC lathe 1, for example, measures the thermal displacement at appropriate time intervals before and after machining and adjusts the control device 2 (reference) accordingly. Figure 2 The measurement results are sent. The control device 2 determines the correction amount based on the measurement results and uses the movement amount plus the correction amount to control the movement of the first tool holder 5.

[0089] Figure 12 It means Figure 1 The guide sleeve 4 and the first tool table 5 of the NC lathe 1 shown are viewed from the right side.

[0090] The thermal displacement is measured by detecting the position where the contact element 5221 of a contact-type thermal displacement sensor 52, mounted on the first tool holder 5, contacts the workpiece W, caused by moving the first tool holder 5 along the X1 axis. The thermal displacement sensor 52 can be, for example, an actuated transformer type displacement sensor, an optical scale type displacement sensor, or a magnetic scale type displacement sensor. Figure 12 As shown, in this embodiment, the thermal displacement sensor 52 is mounted on one of a plurality of tool mounting portions 51 on which the first tool T1 is mounted. Here, an example is shown where the thermal displacement sensor 52 is mounted on the lowest of the plurality of tool mounting portions 51 for lathe tools. However, the thermal displacement sensor 52 can be mounted on any of the tool mounting portions 51 for lathe tools. The thermal displacement sensor 52 and the first tool T1, i.e., the lathe tool, are held on the first tool holder 5 by the tool holder 511 and bolt B, respectively. The thermal displacement sensor 52 has a sensor cable 524 and a sensor connector 525 provided at the end of the sensor cable 524. The sensor connector 525 is connected to the control device 2 (see reference 2). Figure 2 The thermal displacement sensor 52 is connected to the workpiece W via a joint connector 21. This allows the sensor to send a detection signal to the control device 2 when it comes into contact with the workpiece W. Furthermore, in the first tool holder 5 of the NC lathe 1 of the described embodiment, multiple tool mounting sections 51 for rotating tools such as drills or end mills are provided below the tool mounting section 51 for turning tools.

[0091] exist Figure 12 The diagram shows a first tool holder 5 equipped with six tool mounting sections 51 for lathe tools and five tool mounting sections 51 for rotary tools. The number of tool mounting sections 51 is set according to the NC lathe. Additionally, in... Figure 12 The diagram shows the case where the tool mounting section 51 at the bottom of the tool mounting section 51 for rotary tools has an expansion mounting section 53 for a drill bit or the like mounted in the Z-axis direction. Furthermore, a cutting tool breakage sensor 54 is provided on the first tool holder 5. This sensor is used to determine whether the workpiece W has been completely cut off after cutting, thereby confirming whether one of the first tools T1, i.e., the cutting tool, has broken.

[0092] Figure 13 yes Figure 12 The top view of the tool mounting section 51 for turning tools on the first tool holder 5 shown. Figure 13 The image only shows the tool mounting section 51 for turning tools in the first tool holder 5 and its surrounding parts.

[0093] like Figure 13 As shown, the thermal displacement sensor 52 is mounted on the tool mounting portion 51 for lathe tools, and its shape is the same as that of the first tool T1, i.e., the lathe tool. The tool mounting portion 51 of this embodiment can mount lathe tools with a mounting portion height of 11.8 mm or more and 12.2 mm or less. Since the mounting portion of the thermal displacement sensor 52 is set to a 12 mm angle prism shape, the same as the mounting portion of the lathe tool used in the first tool holder 5 of this embodiment, it can be mounted on the tool mounting portion 51 for lathe tools. Furthermore, as long as the height is 11.8 mm or more and 12.2 mm or less, the size of the mounting portion of the thermal displacement sensor 52 can be set to a different size than the lathe tool. Moreover, depending on the type of NC lathe 1, the tool mounting portion 51 for lathe tools is sometimes formed to accommodate lathe tools of a different thickness than those in this embodiment. In such cases, by using a thermal displacement sensor 52 with a mounting portion of a size that matches its dimensions, the thermal displacement sensor 52 can also be mounted on the tool mounting portion 51 for lathe tools in the same way in this type of lathe.

[0094] When bolt B is tightened, the tool holder 511 moves upward via the inclined surface 511S. This clamps the mounting portion of the first tool T1 or the mounting portion of the thermal displacement sensor 52, which is located in the tool mounting section 51, between the upper surface of the tool holder 511 and the inner surface of the tool mounting section 51. By being clamped between the inner surface of the tool mounting section 51 and the tool holder 511, the first tool T1 and the thermal displacement sensor 52 are held in the tool mounting section 51.

[0095] Figure 14 Is Figure 12 A cross-sectional view of the thermal displacement sensor 52 mounted on the tool mounting section 51 for turning tools of the first tool holder 5 shown.

[0096] like Figure 14 As shown, the thermal displacement sensor 52 consists of a prismatic angled handle 521 that serves as the mounting portion, a sensor body 522 with a contact 5221, a sensor fixing nut 523 for fixing the sensor body 522 to the angled handle 521, a sensor cable 524, and the sensor connector 525 (see reference). Figure 12 It consists of ) . In addition, Figure 14 The sensor body 522 and sensor cable 524 are not shaded to indicate cross-section. The angled handle 521 has a through hole 521a extending along its extension direction formed on its inner side. At one end of the through hole 521a ( Figure 14The lower end of the sensor body 522 has a female thread. The sensor body 522 is generally cylindrical, and a male thread is formed on the outer diameter portion of the end opposite to the end with the contact member 5221. The angle shank 521, sensor body 522, and sensor fixing nut 523 are assembled and fixed together by screwing the male thread of the sensor body 522 into the female thread of the angle shank 521 and screwing in the sensor fixing nut 523. The sensor cable 524 extends from the other end of the sensor body 522 and connects to the sensor connector 525.

[0097] In this embodiment, the thermal displacement sensor 52 is mounted on the tool mounting section 51 by setting the mounting portion of the thermal displacement sensor 52 to have the same shape as the mounting portion of the first tool T1, i.e., the cutting tool. Therefore, the thermal displacement sensor 52 can be placed in any of the multiple tool mounting sections 51, thus providing a high degree of freedom in its placement. Furthermore, the thermal displacement sensor 52 can be easily removed from the first tool holder 5 when repairing or replacing it, thus improving maintainability.

[0098] This invention is not limited to the described embodiments, and various variations can be made within the scope of the claims. For example, this embodiment illustrates the application of the invention to an NC lathe 1, but the invention can also be applied to other machine tools such as machining centers or milling machines. Furthermore, the opening forming portion 112 has a pair of slits 1122, but it is also possible for it to have only one slit 1122 in the width direction. In addition, the support member 113 may be only one.

[0099] Furthermore, even if only the constituent elements included in the descriptions of the variations described above are used, the constituent elements can be applied to other variations.

[0100] [Explanation of Symbols]

[0101] 1 NC Lathe (Machine Tool)

[0102] 8. Chip bucket

[0103] 11. Shell

[0104] 15 Open masks

[0105] 112 Opening forming part

[0106] 1121 Opening

[0107] 1122 Slit

[0108] W: Workpiece (workpiece).

Claims

1. A machine tool for machining workpieces, characterized in that... have: case; A chip bucket is placed inside the housing and receives chips generated from the processing of the workpiece; An opening forming portion is provided in the housing and forms an opening that allows the chip bucket to be pulled out to the outside of the housing; and The mask can be opened and freely installed onto the housing, and the opening is closed when installed on the housing; and The opening forming portion has a slit that extends continuously along the opening in the width direction of the opening and is capable of inserting the opening mask, which is removed from the housing, into the interior of the housing.

2. The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the opening mask is configured in the installed state such that the upper portion is wider than the sum of the width of the opening and the length of the slit in the extending direction, and the lower portion is narrower than the sum of the widths of the opening and the length of the slit in the extending direction, and in the installed state, the upper portion is positioned to close the slit.

3. The machine tool according to claim 1 or 2, comprising: a support member fixed inside the housing, which supports and supports the lower end portion of the opening mask inserted into the housing in the installed state.

4. The machine tool according to claim 3, wherein the support member is disposed further below the slit.

5. The machine tool according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the opening mask has: a protrusion, wherein the opening mask is inserted into the interior of the housing in a direction in which the inner side of the opening mask is the inner side in the installed state becomes the lower surface, and protrudes in the pull-out path of the chip bucket to prevent the chip bucket from being pulled out of the housing.

6. A method for chip removal from a machine tool, characterized in that, The machine tool includes: a housing; a chip bucket disposed inside the housing and receiving chips generated during the processing of a workpiece; an opening forming portion having an opening for pulling the chip bucket out of the housing and a slit extending continuously in the width direction of the opening; and an opening cover that is freely mounted to the housing and closes the opening when mounted to the housing; and the chip removal method includes: The removal process involves removing the mask from the housing. In the insertion process, the open-face mask, which has been removed in the removal process, is inserted into the slit to insert the open-face mask into the interior of the housing; and The pulling-out process involves pulling the chip bucket out of the housing.

Images