Wheat seeding machine for test plot and seeding method

Abstract

The invention discloses a wheat seeding machine for a test plot and a seeding method, and relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, the wheat seeding machine comprises a machine body, the machine body is provided with a fertilizer box and a seed box which are used for placing fertilizer and seeds respectively, and the machine body is also provided with a seed turning area and a rotary tillage area which are used for turning seeds and rotary tillage respectively; a rotary blade group and a soil covering wheel group which are driven by a transmission mechanism are arranged below the seed turning area and the rotary tillage area respectively, limiting mechanisms used for limiting turning of the seed box are symmetrically distributed at the two ends of the seed box, a discharging mechanism used for discharging is further arranged below the seed box, and each limiting mechanism comprises a limiting plate; the two ends of the seed box are attached to the corresponding limiting plates, the bearing table is fixedly installed at the ends, close to the machine body, of the limiting plates, the clamping grooves are formed in the bearing table, and when the machine is used, the locking rods are matched with the U-shaped clamping grooves, so that the seed box can be unlocked, overturned, cleaned and reset in a short time, and personnel are prevented from entering the box body for operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically to a wheat planter and planting method for experimental plots. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of agricultural research, experimental plots, as the basic unit of field trial design, undertake key tasks such as variety selection and evaluation, cultivation technology optimization, fertilization program research, and plant protection technology exploration.

[0003] By scientifically dividing the land into plots and precisely controlling the differences in production conditions such as soil texture, fertility, and irrigation, experimental plots can significantly improve the accuracy and reliability of experimental data, which is an important foundation for agricultural science and technology innovation. However, the area of ​​experimental plots is generally small, mostly within 20 square meters, which is in stark contrast to the field production scene and places extremely high demands on the adaptability, flexibility, and accuracy of sowing equipment.

[0004] However, the seed box of traditional seeders is often fixed and directly mounted on the frame. After a plot of land is sown, manual entry into the seed box is required to clean the remaining seeds. This is not only inefficient, but also difficult to completely remove the seeds, which can easily lead to seed residue. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention is proposed.

[0006] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a wheat seeder and a sowing method for experimental plots. The problem to be solved is that the seed box of a traditional seeder is fixed to the frame, and after sowing in the plot, manual cleaning of the seed box is required, which is inefficient and the cleaning is not thorough, and it is easy to retain seeds.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a wheat planter for experimental plots, comprising a main body, wherein the main body is provided with a fertilizer box and a seed box for holding fertilizer and seeds respectively, and the main body is also provided with a turning area and a rotary tillage area for turning and rotary tillage respectively, and a rotary tillage blade assembly and a soil covering wheel assembly driven by a transmission mechanism are respectively provided below the turning area and the rotary tillage area; The seed box is rotatably connected above the turning area, and the two ends of the seed box are symmetrically distributed with limiting mechanisms to restrict the turning of the seed box. Below the seed box and between the turning area and the rotary tillage area, there is also a feeding mechanism for feeding.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the wheat seeder used in the experimental plot of the present invention, the limiting mechanism includes a limiting plate fixedly installed on the main body of the machine, and the two ends of the seed box are fitted with the corresponding limiting plates. A support platform is fixedly installed on one end of the limiting plate near the main body of the machine. A locking groove is provided on the support platform, and a limiting seat for installing a locking rod is also provided on the support platform.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the wheat seeder used in the experimental plot of the present invention, the locking rod is rotatably connected to the upper part of the bearing platform through the limiting seat, and a gripping rod adapted to the locking groove is fixedly installed on the locking rod. One end of the locking rod extending outside the limiting seat is provided with an integrally formed retaining ring, and one end of the locking rod passing through the limiting plate extends to the outside of the seed box.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the wheat seeder used in the experimental plot of the present invention, the seed box is provided with a seed cover for covering the seed box, the seed cover is rotatably connected to the main body of the machine body by a pin, the main body of the machine body is also provided with a seed hopper connected to the seed box, the seed hopper is linearly arranged below the seed box, the seed box is fixedly installed with symmetrically distributed baffles, and the baffles are provided with openings for taking out seeds.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the wheat seeder used in the experimental plot of the present invention, the feeding mechanism includes inoculation hoppers that are equidistantly distributed on the main body of the machine. The inoculation hoppers are arranged linearly below the seed box, and the inoculation hoppers correspond one-to-one with the seed feeding hoppers. The bottom end of the inoculation hopper is also provided with a seed delivery hose, and the main body of the machine is also provided with a guide sleeve corresponding to the inoculation hopper. The end of the seed delivery hose away from the inoculation hopper extends into the guide sleeve.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the wheat planter used in the experimental plot of the present invention, the feeding mechanism further includes a stirring wheel rod disposed on the main body of the machine and located below the seed box. The stirring wheel rod has a wheel rod screw at one end protruding from the main body of the machine, and the stirring wheel rod has stirring wheels distributed along its axial direction corresponding to the seed hopper. The stirring wheels on the stirring wheel rod are connected to the corresponding seed hopper by a buckle.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the wheat seeder used in the experimental plot of the present invention, the main body of the machine is provided with a fertilizer cover corresponding to the fertilizer box, and the main body of the machine is also provided with a lower fertilizer hopper connected to the fertilizer box. The lower fertilizer hoppers are linearly arranged below the fertilizer box. The main body of the machine is also provided with a stirring wheel rod located below the seed box, and the stirring wheel on the stirring wheel rod is connected to the corresponding lower fertilizer hopper by a buckle. The main body of the machine is also provided with fertilizer guide grooves corresponding to the lower fertilizer hoppers. The top of the fertilizer guide groove is located below the lower fertilizer hopper, and the bottom of the fertilizer guide groove is flush with the rotary tillage area.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the wheat planter used in the experimental plot of the present invention, the transmission mechanism includes a shaft drive transmission box and a chain drive transmission box. A three-point suspension frame is fixedly installed outside the shaft drive transmission box and on the main body of the machine. The three-point suspension frame is connected to the suspension frame of the tractor through a pin. The shaft drive transmission box is provided with a universal joint that is connected to the output shaft of the tractor. The shaft drive transmission box and the chain drive transmission box are respectively connected to the corresponding rotary tiller blade set and the soil covering wheel set.

[0015] A method for sowing wheat using a wheat seeder in a test plot includes the following steps: Step 1: When the device is needed, the experimental field should be pre-treated by removing the straw from the field or by mechanically crushing it and then evenly dispersing it back into the field. Step 2: Then, the wheat planter used in the test plot is installed behind the 20-30kW tracked tractor using a three-point suspension bracket, and the universal joint 1001 of the shaft drive transmission box is connected to the output shaft of the tractor. Step 3: Fill the seed box and fertilizer box with the required wheat seeds and corresponding fertilizer, ensuring that the seeds are not clumped and the fertilizer is not damp. Step 4: Start the tractor and move it forward. The tractor will drive the seeder to complete the sowing and fertilization operations. When the tractor reaches the end boundary of the test plot, stop moving forward. The seeder will then automatically stop sowing and fertilizing. Step 5: Following the field trial setup, drive the tractor into the next test plot and repeat the operation in Step 4 to continue sowing and fertilizing. If it is necessary to change the seed variety during the process, first pull out the locking lever next to the seed box, turn the seed box over and quickly clean the remaining seeds inside, then insert the locking lever back into its original position, add other varieties of seeds to the seed box, and then you can continue the sowing operation.

[0016] In summary, the present invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention, through the cooperation of the locking rod and the U-shaped locking groove, enables the seed box to be unlocked, flipped, cleaned and reset in a short time, avoiding the need for personnel to enter the box for operation.

[0017] 2. This invention enables quick connection with a 20-30kW small tracked tractor via a three-point suspension frame, and direct connection of the universal joint to the tractor's output shaft, achieving integrated synchronous operation of "rotary tillage-fertilization-sowing-covering". Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a diagram of the seed box flipping structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a structural diagram showing the assembly of the fuselage body and transmission mechanism of the present invention. Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 1 A magnified structural diagram of part A; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the enlarged mechanism in section B.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Main body; 101. Seeding area; 102. Rotary tillage area; 2. Fertilizer bin; 201. Fertilizer cover; 202. Fertilizer hopper; 3. Seed bin; 301. Seed cover; 302. Seed hopper; 303. Baffle; 4. Limiting plate; 401. Support platform; 402. Locking groove; 403. Limiting seat; 5. Locking rod; 501. Holding rod; 502. Retaining ring; 6. Inoculation hopper; 601. Seed delivery hose; 602. Guide sleeve; 7. Mixing wheel rod; 701. Wheel rod screwing; 703. Buckle; 8. Fertilizer guide groove; 9. Three-point suspension frame; 10. Shaft drive box; 1001. Universal joint; 11. Rotary tillage blade assembly; 12. Chain drive box; 13. Covering wheel assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] This invention discloses a wheat planter and a planting method for use in experimental plots.

[0023] Example 1 Reference Figure 1-7 This invention provides a wheat seeder for experimental plots, comprising a main body 1, a fertilizer box 2 for holding fertilizer and a seed box 3 for holding seeds, and a tilling zone 101 and a rotary tilling zone 102 for tilling and turning, respectively. A rotary tillage blade assembly 11 and a soil covering wheel assembly 13 driven by a transmission mechanism are respectively located below the tilling zone 101 and the rotary tilling zone 102. The seed box 3 is rotatably connected above the tilling zone 101, and limiting mechanisms for restricting the rotation of the seed box 3 are symmetrically distributed at both ends. A feeding mechanism for discharging is located below the seed box 3 and between the tilling zone 101 and the rotary tilling zone 102. The main body 1 is welded from high-strength aluminum alloy profiles, effectively reducing the overall weight while ensuring structural strength, making it more suitable for small plots. The system is towed by a tracked tractor. The fertilizer bin 2 is made of high-strength, corrosion-resistant material, and its capacity is adapted to the needs of small-plot trial sowing, reducing the number of times fertilizer needs to be added during operation. The inner wall of the seed bin 3 is smoothed to avoid seed residue and clumping. The turning area 101 has a stepped structure, which allows personnel to stand and turn and clean the seed bin 3 while maintaining a horizontal position. The rotary tillage area 102 has a triangular protruding structure, which allows the rotating rotary tillage blade assembly 11 to avoid mutual clearance between itself and the main body 1. The soil covering wheel assembly 13 has a star-shaped protrusion structure to ensure uniform soil covering. The two work together to achieve integrated "rotary tillage-soil covering" operation. The seed bin 3 can be turned over to easily clean the residual seeds inside. The limiting mechanism can ensure the stability of the seed bin 3 installation and prevent the seed bin 3 from accidentally turning over during operation, which would affect the sowing accuracy. The feeding mechanism can precisely control the seed falling speed and amount, adapting to the different sowing density requirements of small-plot trials.

[0024] The limiting mechanism includes a limiting plate 4 fixedly installed on the main body 1, and the two ends of the seed box 3 are fitted with the corresponding limiting plate 4. A support platform 401 is fixedly installed on one end of the limiting plate 4 near the main body 1. The support platform 401 has a locking groove 402. The support platform 401 also has a limiting seat 403 for installing the locking rod 5. The limiting plate 4 is made of stamped steel plate and has high strength support. It limits the lateral displacement of the seed box 3 through surface contact. The support platform 401 provides the installation base for the limiting seat 403. The locking groove 402 has a U-shaped structure. The limiting seat 403 has a built-in wear-resistant bushing to reduce the wear of the locking rod 5 when it rotates and extend its service life.

[0025] The locking rod 5 is rotatably connected to the upper part of the support platform 401 via the limiting seat 403. A gripping rod 501 that matches the engaging groove 402 is also fixedly installed on the locking rod 5. One end of the locking rod 5 extending outside the limiting seat 403 is provided with an integrally formed retaining ring 502. One end of the locking rod 5 passing through the limiting plate 4 extends outside the seed box 3. The locking rod 5 is a solid steel rod that can withstand the impact force when the seed box 3 moves. The surface of the gripping rod 501 is provided with a bent part, which makes it easy for the operator to manually rotate the locking rod 5. The retaining ring 502 can prevent the locking rod 5 from moving axially and ensure the stability of the limiting position. When the seed box 3 is in the working position, the locking rod 5 is tightly abutted against the side of the seed box 3, and the gripping rod 501 is restricted in the engaging groove 402 to achieve rigid limiting. When it is necessary to flip the seed box 3, rotate the gripping rod 501 to disengage the locking rod 5 from the hole and release the restriction on the seed box 3.

[0026] The seed box 3 is equipped with a seed cover 301 for covering the seed box 3. The seed cover 301 is rotatably connected to the main body 1 of the machine body via a pin. The main body 1 is also equipped with a seed hopper 302 that communicates with the seed box 3. The seed hoppers 302 are linearly arranged below the seed box 3. Symmetrically distributed baffles 303 are fixedly installed on the seed box 3, and openings for removing seeds are provided between the baffles 303. The seed cover 301 is rotatably connected to the main body 1 of the machine body and provides cover for the seed box 3 when not flipped. The opening angle can reach 120°, which is convenient for adding seeds into the box. The inner wall of the seed hopper 302 has a conical structure to prevent seed blockage. The spacing is adapted to the row spacing of the plot experiment. The baffles 303 can prevent seeds from overflowing when adding seeds, and openings for removing seeds are provided between the baffles 303, which is convenient for cleaning up the remaining seeds in the box or changing the seed variety.

[0027] The feeding mechanism includes inoculation hoppers 6 evenly distributed on the main body 1 of the machine. The inoculation hoppers 6 are arranged linearly below the seed box 3, and each inoculation hopper 6 corresponds to a seed hopper 302. The bottom of the inoculation hopper 6 is also equipped with a seed delivery hose 601, and the main body 1 is also equipped with a guide sleeve 602 corresponding to the inoculation hopper 6. The end of the seed delivery hose 601 away from the inoculation hopper 6 extends into the guide sleeve 602. The one-to-one correspondence between the inoculation hopper 6 and the seed hopper 302 can achieve precise seed reception. The seed delivery hose 601 is made of aging-resistant rubber and can adjust its angle by bending itself to avoid seed jamming. The guide sleeve 602 is made of metal and plays a role in fixing and guiding the seed delivery hose 601 to ensure that the seeds fall accurately into the soil after covering. The two work together to stabilize the seed falling path and reduce sowing deviation.

[0028] The feeding mechanism also includes a stirring wheel rod 7 located on the main body 1 and below the seed box 3. One end of the stirring wheel rod 7 protruding from the main body 1 is provided with a wheel rod screw 701, and stirring wheels corresponding to the seed hopper 302 are distributed along the axial direction of the stirring wheel rod 7. The stirring wheels on the stirring wheel rod 7 are connected to the corresponding seed hopper 302 through a buckle 703. The stirring wheel rod 7 is a hexagonal steel rod, which is rotatably connected to the main body 1. It is lightweight and has high strength. The surface of the stirring wheel is provided with an arc-shaped paddle, which can gently stir the seeds by gravity when the seeds fall, preventing the seeds from clumping and clogging the seed hopper 302. The buckle 703 is a quick-release structure, which makes it easy to disassemble the stirring wheels for spacing adjustment.

[0029] The main body 1 is equipped with a fertilizer cover 201 corresponding to the fertilizer box 2. The main body 1 also has a lower fertilizer hopper 202 connected to the fertilizer box 2. The lower fertilizer hoppers 202 are linearly arranged below the fertilizer box 2. A stirring wheel rod 7 is also provided on the main body 1, located below the seed box 3, and the stirring wheel on the stirring wheel rod 7 is connected to the corresponding lower fertilizer hopper 202 via a buckle 703. The main body 1 also has fertilizer guide grooves 8 corresponding to the lower fertilizer hoppers 202, with the top of the fertilizer guide grooves 8 located below the lower fertilizer hoppers 202. The bottom of fertilizer 8 is flush with the rotary tillage area 102. A sealing strip is provided between fertilizer cover 201 and fertilizer box 2 to improve its airtightness and prevent fertilizer from getting damp and clumping. The inner wall of the lower fertilizer hopper 202 is coated with an anti-corrosion coating and is suitable for different types of fertilizers such as organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer. The spacing is consistent with the sowing row spacing to achieve "sowing and fertilizing at the same time". The mixing wheel on the mixing wheel rod 7 prevents clogging. The fertilizer guide trough 8 is made of stainless steel with a smooth inner wall and an inclined distribution to ensure that the fertilizer is completely received and evenly mixed into the soil after rotary tillage, thereby improving the fertilizer utilization rate.

[0030] The transmission mechanism includes a shaft drive transmission box 10 and a chain drive transmission box 12. A three-point suspension frame 9 is fixedly installed on the outside of the shaft drive transmission box 10 and on the main body 1. The three-point suspension frame 9 is connected to the tractor's suspension frame via a pin. The shaft drive transmission box 10 is equipped with a universal joint 1001 that is connected to the tractor's output shaft. The shaft drive transmission box 10 and the chain drive transmission box 12 are respectively connected to the corresponding rotary tiller blade assembly 11 and soil covering wheel assembly 13. The shaft drive transmission box 10 uses gear transmission, which has high transmission efficiency. The chain drive transmission box 12 uses a precision roller chain, which has strong wear resistance. The two work together to drive the rotary tiller blade assembly 11 and the soil covering wheel assembly 13. The wheel set 13 provides stable power. Its specific operating principle and structural composition are based on existing mature technologies. It also serves as a power transmission device. The transmission ratio can be adjusted according to the operating speed, which will not be elaborated on here. The three-point suspension frame 9 conforms to tractor suspension standards and can be quickly and securely connected to the rear suspension device of a 20-30kW tracked tractor. It is suitable for the sowing needs of small-area experimental fields. The universal joint 1001 can compensate for the installation deviation between the machine body and the tractor and avoid transmission jamming. The rotary tiller blade set 11 adopts a curved surface design. The blade part is quenched and can effectively break up the soil and cover it with soil.

[0031] When using this device to work on the wheat field in the experimental plot, the seeder is first connected to a 20-30kW small tracked tractor through the three-point suspension frame 9, so that the universal joint 1001 is connected to the output shaft of the tractor. After the tractor starts, the power is transmitted to the shaft drive transmission box 10 through the universal joint 1001. Then, the shaft drive transmission box 10 drives the rotary tiller set 11 to deeply till and break up the soil. At the same time, the shaft drive transmission box 10 transmits the power to the chain drive transmission box 12, which drives the soil covering wheel set 13 to follow the rotary tiller set 11 to initially compact the soil and leave shallow furrows. Then, seeds are loaded into the seed box 3 and the seed cover 301 is closed. At this time, the locking rod 5 is rotated so that the handle 501 is engaged in the locking groove 402. The locking rod 5 extends through the limiting plate 4 to the outside of the seed box 3, so that it is in close contact with the side of the seed box 3 to fix the seed box 3. Fertilizer is loaded into the fertilizer box 2 and the fertilizer cover 201 is closed. During the process of seeds and fertilizer falling, the corresponding stirring wheel on the stirring wheel rod 7 rotates due to gravity, which prevents seeds or fertilizer in the seed hopper 302 and fertilizer hopper 202 from getting blocked and adjusts the amount of seeds and fertilizer. Seeds fall into shallow furrows through seed hopper 302, inoculation hopper 6, and seed delivery hose 601 (positioned by guide sleeve 602). Fertilizer is introduced into the rotary tilled soil through fertilizer hopper 202 and fertilizer guide trough 8. Finally, the tractor moves at a constant speed. All components work together to complete the integrated operation of "rotary tillage-fertilization-sowing-covering soil" to achieve precise sowing in the experimental plot. When it is necessary to clean the residual seeds in the seed box 3 or change the seed variety, the operator manually rotates the handle 501 to disengage the handle 501 from the U-shaped locking groove 402, and at the same time drives the locking rod 5 to rotate around the limiting seat 403 until the locking rod 5 disengages from the contact state with the seed box 3. At this time, the seed box 3 is released from the limiting constraint and can be flipped around the rotation connection point of the seed turning area 101. The operator can stand and operate through the stepped structure of the seed turning area 101 and complete the cleaning or seed removal through the opening between the baffles 303 on the seed box 3. The cleaning can be completed without entering the box.

[0032] A method for sowing wheat using a wheat seeder in a test plot includes the following steps: Step 1: When the device is needed, the experimental field should be pre-treated by removing the straw from the field or by mechanically crushing it and then evenly dispersing it back into the field. Step 2: Then, the wheat planter used in the test plot is installed behind the 20-30kW tracked tractor through the three-point suspension bracket 9, and at the same time, the universal joint 1001 of the shaft drive transmission box 10 is connected to the output shaft of the tractor. Step 3: Fill the seed box 3 and fertilizer box 2 with the required wheat seeds and corresponding fertilizers, ensuring that the seeds are not clumped and the fertilizers are not damp. Step 4: Start the tractor and move it forward. The tractor will drive the seeder to complete the sowing and fertilization operations. When the tractor reaches the end boundary of the test plot, stop moving forward. The seeder will then automatically stop sowing and fertilizing. Step 5: Following the field trial setup, drive the tractor into the next test plot and repeat the operation in Step 4 to continue sowing and fertilizing. If it is necessary to change the seed variety during the process, first pull out the locking lever next to the seed box 3, flip the seed box 3 over and quickly clean the remaining seeds inside the box, then insert the locking lever back into its original position, add other varieties of seeds into the seed box 3, and then you can continue the sowing operation.

[0033] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wheat seeder and sowing method for experimental plots, characterized in that: The machine includes a main body (1), on which a fertilizer box (2) and a seed box (3) for placing fertilizer and seeds are respectively provided. The main body (1) is also provided with a turning area (101) and a rotary tillage area (102) for turning and rotary tillage. Below the turning area (101) and the rotary tillage area (102) are respectively provided a rotary tillage blade assembly (11) and a soil covering wheel assembly (13) driven by a transmission mechanism. The seed box (3) is rotatably connected above the turning area (101), and the two ends of the seed box (3) are symmetrically distributed with limiting mechanisms for restricting the turning of the seed box (3). Below the seed box (3) and between the turning area (101) and the rotary tillage area (102), there is also a feeding mechanism for feeding.

2. The wheat seeder and sowing method for experimental plots according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting mechanism includes a limiting plate (4) fixedly installed on the main body (1), and the two ends of the seed box (3) are fitted with the corresponding limiting plate (4). A support platform (401) is fixedly installed on one end of the limiting plate (4) near the main body (1). A locking groove (402) is provided on the support platform (401). A limiting seat (403) for installing the locking rod (5) is also provided on the support platform (401).

3. The wheat seeder and sowing method for experimental plots according to claim 2, characterized in that, The locking rod (5) is rotatably connected to the upper part of the support platform (401) via the limiting seat (403), and a gripping rod (501) adapted to the locking groove (402) is also fixedly installed on the locking rod (5). One end of the locking rod (5) extending outside the limiting seat (403) is provided with an integrally formed retaining ring (502), and one end of the locking rod (5) passing through the limiting plate (4) extends to the outside of the seed box (3).

4. The wheat seeder and sowing method for experimental plots according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seed box (3) is provided with a seed cover (301) for covering the seed box (3). The seed cover (301) is rotatably connected to the main body (1) by a pin. The main body (1) is also provided with a seed hopper (302) connected to the seed box (3). The seed hopper (302) is linearly arranged below the seed box (3). Symmetrically distributed baffles (303) are fixedly installed on the seed box (3), and openings for taking out seeds are provided between the baffles (303).

5. The wheat seeder and sowing method for experimental plots according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding mechanism includes inoculation hoppers (6) arranged at equal intervals on the main body (1). The inoculation hoppers (6) are arranged linearly below the seed box (3), and the inoculation hoppers (6) correspond one-to-one with the seed feeding hoppers (302). The bottom end of the inoculation hoppers (6) is also provided with a seed delivery hose (601), and the main body (1) is also provided with a guide sleeve (602) corresponding to the inoculation hoppers (6). The end of the seed delivery hose (601) away from the inoculation hoppers (6) extends into the guide sleeve (602).

6. The wheat seeder and sowing method for experimental plots according to claim 5, characterized in that, The feeding mechanism also includes a stirring wheel rod (7) disposed on the main body (1) and located below the seed box (3). The stirring wheel rod (7) has a wheel rod screw (701) at one end protruding from the main body (1), and the stirring wheel rod (7) has stirring wheels corresponding to the seed hopper (302) distributed along its axial direction. The stirring wheels on the stirring wheel rod (7) are connected to the corresponding seed hopper (302) through a buckle (703).

7. The wheat seeder and sowing method for experimental plots according to claim 5, characterized in that, The main body (1) is provided with a fertilizer cover (201) corresponding to the fertilizer box (2). The main body (1) is also provided with a lower fertilizer hopper (202) connected to the fertilizer box (2). The lower fertilizer hopper (202) is linearly arranged below the fertilizer box (2). The main body (1) is also provided with a stirring wheel rod (7) located below the seed box (3). The stirring wheel on the stirring wheel rod (7) is connected to the corresponding lower fertilizer hopper (202) through a buckle (703). The main body (1) is also provided with fertilizer guide grooves (8) corresponding to the lower fertilizer hopper (202). The top of the fertilizer guide groove (8) is located below the lower fertilizer hopper (202), and the bottom of the fertilizer guide groove (8) is flush with the rotary tillage area (102).

8. The wheat seeder and sowing method for experimental plots according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission mechanism includes a shaft drive transmission box (10) and a chain drive transmission box (12). A three-point suspension frame (9) is fixedly installed outside the shaft drive transmission box (10) and on the main body (1). The three-point suspension frame (9) is connected to the suspension frame of the tractor through a pin. The shaft drive transmission box (10) is provided with a universal joint (1001) that is connected to the output shaft of the tractor. The shaft drive transmission box (10) and the chain drive transmission box (12) are respectively connected to the corresponding rotary tiller set (11) and the soil covering wheel set (13).

9. A method for sowing wheat using a test plot, applied to the wheat seeder for the test plot as described in claim 8, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1: When the device is needed, the experimental field should be pre-treated by removing the straw from the field or by mechanically crushing it and then evenly dispersing it back into the field. Step 2: Then, the wheat planter used in the test plot is installed behind the 20~30kW tracked tractor through the three-point suspension bracket (9), and at the same time, the universal joint (1001) of the shaft drive transmission box (10) is connected to the output shaft of the tractor. Step 3: Fill the seed box (3) and fertilizer box (2) with the required wheat seeds and corresponding fertilizers, ensuring that the seeds are not clumped and the fertilizers are not damp. Step 4: Start the tractor and move it forward. The tractor will drive the seeder to complete the sowing and fertilization operations. When the tractor reaches the end boundary of the test plot, stop moving forward. The seeder will then automatically stop sowing and fertilizing. Step 5: According to the field test setup, drive the tractor into the next test plot and repeat the operation of step 4 to continue sowing and fertilizing. If it is necessary to change the seed variety during the process, first pull out the locking rod (5) next to the seed box (3), turn the seed box (3) over and quickly clean the remaining seeds in the box, then insert the locking rod (5) back into the original position, add other varieties of seeds into the seed box (3), and then you can continue the sowing operation.

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