Breeding method for improving laying rate of white geese

Abstract

The invention discloses a breeding method for improving the laying rate of white geese, which comprises the following steps of: 1, selecting a first generation of white goose individuals with higher laying rate to form a material group, selecting and breeding for four years to eliminate individuals with low laying rate, and then remaining white geese with high laying rate to form a basic group as a first male parent; 2, selecting a first generation of white goose individuals with a high laying rate to form a material group, selecting and breeding for four years to eliminate individuals with a low laying rate, and then remaining white geese with a high laying rate to form a basic group as a first female parent; thirdly, the first male parent and the first female parent are used for mating with each other, and individuals with the high laying rate are selected from the offspring. According to the method, breakthrough improvement of the egg laying performance of the white gooses is achieved through establishment of a biparental differential breeding system, a four-stage dynamic seed selection mechanism and refined supporting management, the annual average egg production of the white gooses of different local varieties can reach 95-105, the first laying day age is shortened by 10-15 days, and the breeding efficiency of the white gooses is improved. And a key technical support is provided for industrial development of white geese.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to a breeding method of geese, in particular to a breeding method for improving the egg production rate of white geese. TECHNICAL BACKGROUND

[0002] Due to the negative correlation between the reproductive performance and growth speed of geese, geese with large body size and fast growth speed have low egg production, and geese with high egg production have small body size and slow growth speed. This largely restricts the industrial development of the goose breeding industry. Due to the long age of the existing white geese at the beginning of egg production, the low egg production rate and the small number of eggs, the further development of the white goose industry is further limited.

[0003] As an important economic poultry, the egg production performance of white geese directly affects the efficiency of seedling supply and breeding benefits. The traditional white goose breeds generally have low egg production rate (80-90 eggs per year on average), late age at the beginning of egg production (more than 200 days), and strong nest preference. The existing breeding methods mostly use single trait selection, lack of systematic supporting measures, and lead to slow genetic progress. For example, conventional population breeding only focuses on individual egg production, ignoring the integration of family genetic advantages; environmental management and nutritional regulation are not coordinated with breeding goals, resulting in the inability of gene potential to be fully expressed. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the above technical problems, the present application aims to solve the following technical problems:

[0005] (1) The egg production performance and the breeding cycle are not matched in the traditional breeding method;

[0006] (2) The genetic advantages of the family are not fully released through systematic breeding strategies;

[0007] (3) The environmental management and genetic breeding are disconnected, limiting the space for improving the egg production rate.

[0008] The application discloses a breeding method for improving the egg production rate of white geese, comprising the following steps:

[0009] S1. Selecting a generation of white goose individuals with high egg production rate to form a material group, eliminating individuals with low egg production rate after four years of breeding, then forming a foundation group with white geese with high egg production rate, starting family breeding, and taking the first male parent;

[0010] S2. Selecting a generation of white goose individuals with high egg production rate to form a material group, eliminating individuals with low egg production rate after four years of breeding, then forming a foundation group with white geese with high egg production rate, starting family breeding, and taking the first female parent;

[0011] S3. Crossbreeding the first male parent and the first female parent, and selecting individuals with high egg production rate from the offspring.

[0012] Further preferably, the white goose is any one of Wanxi white goose, Zhedong white goose, and Sichuan white goose.

[0013] Further preferably, the selection standard of the first generation white goose female parent is that the compound feather is white, the female goose has low nest-taking property, the egg laying performance is excellent, the average annual egg laying number is more than 90±5, the combining ability is good, the sexual maturity period is 200±10 days, and the high egg laying line has an egg laying rate of 250-280 days at 5%.

[0014] Further preferably, the selection standard of the first generation white goose male parent is that the compound feather is white, the egg laying performance is excellent, the average annual egg laying number is more than 85±5, and the sexual maturity period is 175-180 days.

[0015] Further preferably, the final obtained selected white goose has an egg laying age of 190±10 days, and an annual egg laying number of 100±5.

[0016] Further preferably, the egg laying rate and the egg laying number are selected by combining individual selection and family selection, and the family selection is mainly used.

[0017] Further preferably, the first selection: basically no selection is performed when the goslings are born, a small number of goslings with small size and poor physique are eliminated, and the family is marked with wing number; the second selection: at the age of 9 weeks, the remaining goose group is weighed, and the individuals with small weight are selected according to a certain breeding rate, the male geese are selected according to the middle and upper level of weight, the female geese are selected according to the medium weight and health index, the breeding rates of the first two generations are 20±3% and 40±5% respectively, and the breeding rate of the third generation can reach more than 60%; the third selection: at the age of 19 weeks, the individuals are weighed in the egg laying goose house, the individuals with large weight and poor physique are eliminated, the male and female geese with poor appearance are eliminated, and the foot number is marked; the fourth selection: at the age of 25 weeks, the egg laying performance of each family is counted, mainly including the average egg laying age and the average egg laying number, the family geese are selected according to the family performance, the selection rate of the family female geese is kept at 37-41%, the mating ratio of the family male and female geese is about 1:6, the next generation family is established by random method, the full sibling, half sibling and 1 / 4 sibling inbreeding is avoided, and the next generation is bred.

[0018] Further preferably, the male parent is continuously selected for four generations, the family coefficient of each generation is more than 40, and the breeding rates of the family male and female geese are 10-12% and 30-45% respectively; in terms of breeding performance selection, the egg laying age of about 41% of the female geese is significantly improved, from 190±5 days of the 0th generation to 180±5 days of the 4th generation; the egg laying number of the female geese in the house is also significantly improved, from 85±5 of the 0th generation to 100±5 of the 4th generation.

[0019] Further preferably, the female line is continuously selected for four generations, each generation has more than forty families, and the family goose breeding rate of the male and female is 7%-7.5% and 38-41% respectively; in terms of breeding performance selection, the 39% of the female goose laying age is significantly advanced, from 190±5 days of the 0th generation to 180±5 days of the 4th generation, and the laying age is advanced by 10 days.

[0020] Further preferably, (1) light control: the light duration of each day in the growing period (0-9 weeks old) is ≤10 hours, the light duration of each day in the laying period (after 25 weeks old) is gradually increased to 14-15 hours, and the light intensity is 10-15 lux; (2) nutrition regulation: the crude protein content of the feed in the laying period is ≥18%, the calcium to phosphorus ratio is 2:1, 0.5% of egg methionine and 0.2% of compound vitamin premix are added; (3) environmental management: the temperature of the laying goose house is controlled at 15-25 DEG C, the relative humidity is 65-70%, and the breeding density per square meter is ≤3; (4) optimization of incubation: the storage period of the breeding eggs is ≤7 days, the storage temperature is 13-16 DEG C, and formaldehyde fumigation (concentration 14 g / m 3 , time 20 minutes) is used for disinfection before hatching.

[0021] The technical route of the application is as follows:

[0022] (1) Differentiated selection of two parents: the father line (sexually mature period 170-180 days) and the mother line (annual average egg production 90±5) are established respectively, and the trait aggregation is realized through four generations of family selection;

[0023] (2) Four-stage dynamic selection of seeds:

[0024] (2.1) Initial screening of goslings (at hatching): weak and small individuals are eliminated, and wing numbers are worn according to families;

[0025] (2.2) Body weight regulation selection (9 weeks old): male geese are selected for breeding according to the middle and upper level of body weight, and female geese are selected for breeding according to the medium type + health index;

[0026] (2.3) Body type screening (19 weeks old): individuals with too large or too small body type are eliminated, and foot numbers are worn;

[0027] (2.4) Laying performance family evaluation (25 weeks old): based on the laying age and the number of eggs, the family is selected for breeding, and the female goose breeding rate is 31-41%;

[0028] (3) Matching management technology:

[0029] (3.1) Light step regulation (≤12h in the growing period, 14-16h in the laying period);

[0030] (3.2) High-protein feed (crude protein ≥18%, calcium to phosphorus ratio 2:1);

[0031] (3.3) Environmental precision control (temperature 15-25℃, humidity 60-70%).

[0032] The beneficial technical effects of the present application:

[0033] 1. Breakthrough improvement of egg production performance: the average annual egg production of the 4th generation female parent of Wanxi white goose is 98-102, which is increased by 22.5% compared with that before breeding (80-85); the age of the group of Zhedong white goose at the beginning of laying is advanced from 195 days to 182 days, and the peak period of egg production is extended by 30 days; the 5% egg production rate time of Sichuan white goose is shortened from 290 days to 265 days.

[0034] 2. Optimization of reproductive efficiency: the breeding rate of male geese is 7-12% combined with the breeding rate of female geese of 31-41%, which realizes efficient transmission of high-quality genes; the ratio of family mating is 1:(4-7), which reduces the inbreeding coefficient to below 0.05.

[0035] 3. Significant economic benefits: annual income per female goose: according to the price of 5 yuan per egg, 100 eggs per year x 5 yuan = 500 yuan, and the net increase is 200 yuan after deducting the cost; production capacity of breeding geese: under the same scale, the breeding amount of reserve breeding geese can be reduced by 30%. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0036] Fig. 1 is a four-generation breeding technology roadmap in the breeding method for improving the egg production rate of white geese according to the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] Before further describing the specific embodiments of the present application, it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present application is not limited to the following specific embodiments; it should also be understood that the terms used in the embodiments of the present application are for the purpose of describing the specific embodiments, but not for limiting the scope of protection of the present application. The test methods in the following examples are not specified, which are usually carried out according to the conventional conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturers.

[0038] When the embodiments give numerical ranges, it should be understood that, unless otherwise stated by the present application, each numerical range has two endpoints and any number between the two endpoints can be selected. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in the present application have the same meaning as generally understood by the person skilled in the art. In addition to the specific methods, devices and materials used in the embodiments, any method, device and material of the prior art similar or identical to those described in the embodiments of the present application can also be used to implement the present application according to the master of the prior art by the person skilled in the art and the description of the present application.

[0039] Unless otherwise stated, the test methods, detection methods and preparation methods disclosed in the present application use the conventional technology in the art.

[0040] Example 1: Selection of Wanxi White Geese

[0041] 1. Establishment of the base population

[0042] Selection of sires: 120 sexually mature males (175 ± 3 days old) with an average annual egg production of 88 ± 3 eggs were selected from a goose farm in Lu'an, Anhui Province and used to establish 40 families;

[0043] Selection of dams: 480 females with white feathers, ≤ 2 nesting attempts per year, and an average annual egg production of 93 ± 2 eggs were selected and grouped according to family.

[0044] 2. Four-generation selection process

[0045] First generation: selection at 9 weeks of age: 10% of males (top 12%) and 35% of females (middle + liver index ≥ 2.8) were selected for breeding; family evaluation at 25 weeks of age: families with an onset of laying age > 195 days were eliminated, and the top 30% of families based on egg production were retained.

[0046] Fourth generation: egg production performance: the average annual egg production of the female geese in the shed was 101 ± 3 eggs, and the onset of laying age was 182 ± 5 days; mating measures: 15 hours of light per day during the laying period, 19% crude protein in the feed, and a shed temperature of 20 ± 2°C.

[0047] Conclusion: 5% egg production rate time: 275 days; percentage of eligible breeding eggs: 92%.

[0048] Example 2: Selection of Zhedong White Geese

[0049] 1. Differentiated selection strategy

[0050] Strengthening sexual maturation in sires: selecting males that begin laying at 170-175 days of age and adding 0.1% zinc to the feed to promote testicular development;

[0051] Stress-resistant selection of dams: increasing high-temperature (32°C / 4h) stress testing at 19 weeks of age and eliminating individuals with a heart rate variation > 15%.

[0052] 2. Environmental regulation optimization: 10 hours of light per day during the growing period to inhibit precocious puberty; humidity control during the laying period: 65 ± 3%, with a fogging cooling system.

[0053] 3. Four-generation results: average annual egg production increased from 82 to 97; nesting incidence rate decreased from 45% to 18%.

[0054] Example 3: Selection of Sichuan White Geese

[0055] 1. Family-specific management

[0056] Sire line: feeding high-protein feed containing 2% fish meal at 7-9 weeks of age to promote bone development;

[0057] Female line: 30 minutes of blue light (wavelength 450 nm) irradiation was added every day after 25 weeks of age to stimulate follicle development.

[0058] 2. Incubation technology innovation: Egg storage: adopt phased cooling method (16°C on the first day to 13°C on the seventh day); fumigation disinfection: fumigate with formaldehyde 14 g / m3 for 20 minutes, then neutralize the residue with ammonia water.

[0059] 3. Comparison of breeding data

[0060]

[0061]

[0062] Analysis of the conclusions of Examples 1-3 and cause analysis:

[0063] I. Conclusion:

[0064] 1. The egg production performance is significantly improved, but the improvement rate varies depending on the characteristics of the breed:

[0065] Wanxi White Goose: The average annual egg production increased from 93 to 101 (+8.6%), and the age at first laying was shortened from about 195 days to 182 days; Zhedong White Goose: The average annual egg production increased from 82 to 97 (+18.3%), and the nest occurrence rate decreased by 60%; Sichuan White Goose: The average annual egg production increased from 84 to 99 (+17.9%), and the fertilization rate increased by 8%.

[0066] Conclusion: The improvement rate is greater for breeds with lower initial egg production (Zhedong, Sichuan), indicating that the release of genetic potential is negatively correlated with basic performance.

[0067] 2. The optimization effect of the breeding cycle is consistent, but the driving factors are different: The age at first laying of all breeds is shortened by 10-15 days, but: Wanxi White Goose relies on light and temperature control (15h light + 20°C); Zhedong White Goose reduces physiological delay through stress resistance screening (high temperature test); Sichuan White Goose promotes gonad development using blue light stimulation.

[0068] 3. The supporting measures need to adapt to the specific needs of the breed:

[0069] Wanxi White Goose: Focus on environmental stability (temperature, light) to maintain high production sustainability; Zhedong White Goose: To address the problem of strong nest, break the reproductive inertia through humidity control + stress resistance breeding; Sichuan White Goose: Optimize the incubation process (egg storage + disinfection) to compensate for the short board of fertilization rate.

[0070] II. Possible reason analysis based on the above conclusions:

[0071] 1. Genetic background difference determines the promotion path: Wanxi white goose has higher initial egg-laying performance (93 female parents), and the promotion space is limited, which needs to tap the remaining potential through fine environmental management (such as temperature control); Zhedong white goose has high nestiness (45%), which directly reduces the breeding interruption by eliminating stress-sensitive individuals to improve the egg-laying sustainability; Sichuan white goose has low fertilization rate (78%), and the key is the innovation of incubation technology (phasic cooling + neutralization and disinfection).

[0072] 2. Breeding strategy and phenotype relevance: The "body weight medium and upper public goose + healthy female goose" selection standard of Wanxi white goose balances the growth rate and egg-laying durability; The "zinc addition + high temperature stress test" of Zhedong white goose is highly targeted to strengthen the maturation speed and stress resistance; The "blue light irradiation + high-protein feed" of Sichuan white goose promotes follicle development through exogenous stimulation and nutrition synergy.

[0073] 3. Synergistic effect of environmental regulation: Light management: Wanxi white goose extends the egg-laying period light to 15h, simulating long-day photoperiod to promote gonadotropin secretion; Humidity control: Zhedong white goose maintains 65% humidity to reduce the inhibition of follicle development by heat stress; Nutritional enhancement: 2% fish meal addition for Sichuan white goose provides essential amino acids to support eggshell formation.

[0074] From the above examples 1-3, the following conclusions are drawn: The present application realizes the breakthrough improvement of white goose egg-laying performance by establishing a differential breeding system of two parent lines, a four-stage dynamic selection mechanism and fine supporting management. The examples show that this method can make the annual average egg production of different local breeds reach 95-105, and the age at onset of production is shortened by 10-15 days, which provides key technical support for the industrialization development of white goose.

[0075] Comparative example 1: traditional individual breeding method (no family breeding)

[0076] Breeding scheme:

[0077] 1. Selection criteria: only individual egg production is selected, female parents with annual average egg production ≥ 90, and male parents with sexual maturity ≤ 180 days;

[0078] 2. Breeding process: eliminate weak individuals at hatching (same as the present application); keep the top 15% of males and the top 30% of females based on body weight at 9 weeks of age; eliminate individuals with abnormal body shape at 19 weeks of age; keep the top 30% of individuals based on individual egg production at 25 weeks of age;

[0079] 3. Management measures: natural light (14h / day), basic feed (crude protein 15%), and no control of shed temperature and humidity.

[0080] 4. The results of four generations are shown in the following table.

[0081] Index Foundation group (0th generation) 4th generation Age at first egg laying (days) 195±5 188±5 Annual egg production (pieces) 93±2 96±3

[0082] Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, we know that:

[0083] 1. The average annual egg production is only increased by 3.2%, and the application is increased by 8.6%, which shows that simple individual selection cannot effectively integrate the genetic advantages of the family; 2. The age at onset is shortened by 7 days, and the effect of promoting sexual maturity is limited due to the lack of light regulation and nutrition enhancement; 3. The rate of qualified eggs is increased by 2%, and the optimization of the incubation process leads to a weak improvement in the fertilization rate.

[0084] Comparative Example 2: missing matching management (only genetic selection)

[0085] The detection method of nest occurrence rate (%): nestiness refers to the egg incubation behavior tendency of female birds (such as geese) during the breeding cycle, which is an important indicator affecting egg production efficiency. The detection is mainly through the following ways: behavior observation method: statistics of the number of days of active egg incubation by female birds during the egg production cycle accounts for the proportion of the total breeding cycle.

[0086] Selection scheme:

[0087] Selection steps: completely adopt the family selection process of the application (four-stage dynamic selection, differential selection of parents);

[0088] Management measures: 1. Natural light (14h during the growing period to natural light during the laying period); 2. Basic feed (crude protein 15%, no methionine added); 3. Goose house temperature and humidity are not controlled (maximum 32℃ in summer, humidity 80%).

[0089] Index Foundation group (0th generation) 4th generation Age at first egg laying (days) 195±5 190±5 Annual egg production (pieces) 93±2 95±4 Incidence of nest occurrence (%) 25 22

[0090] Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, we know that: 1. The average annual egg production is increased by 2.2%, which shows that high-protein feed reduces the development of follicles; 2. The age at onset is only shortened by 5 days, and the lack of light step regulation (inhibition of precocious puberty during the growing period) affects the synchronization of sexual maturity; 3. Nestiness is decreased by 12%, and high temperature and humidity environment aggravates reproductive inertia.

[0091] Comparative Example 3: no parent selection (mixed selection)

[0092] Inbreeding coefficient calculation standard: pedigree analysis method: calculate the probability of an individual inheriting the same allele from a common ancestor through a family pedigree chart. The public is as follows:

[0093]

[0094] Where n is the number of generations from the common ancestor to the individual.

[0095] Selection scheme:

[0096] Selection criteria: both parents are selected according to the same standard (annual average egg production ≥ 90, sexual maturity ≤ 180 days)

[0097] Selection process:

[0098] Four-stage dynamic selection is the same as the present application, but the ratio of family mating is 1:3 (without distinguishing paternal / maternal family);

[0099] Management measures: completely adopt the matching management scheme of the present application.

[0100] Four-generation results:

[0101] Index Foundation group (0th generation) 4th generation Age at first egg laying (days) 195±5 185±5 Annual egg production (pieces) 93±2 98±3 Inbreeding coefficient 0.02 0.12

[0102] From the comparison between comparative example 1 and comparative example 3, it can be seen that: 1. The average annual egg production is increased by 5.4%, because the traits of the undifferentiated paternal (fast sexual maturity) and the maternal (high egg production) are not differentiated, the gene aggregation efficiency is reduced; 2. The inbreeding coefficient is increased to 0.12, and the genetic diversity of the family is reduced due to mixed selection; 3. The matching management improves the environmental adaptability, but the core genetic gain is limited.

[0103] From the comparison between the three comparative examples and example 1, it can be seen that: 1. Compared with comparative example 1, the family selection contributes to an increase of about 60% of the egg production; 2. Compared with comparative example 2, the matching management contributes to a reduction of about 35% of the age at first laying; 3. Compared with comparative example 3, the differentiated selection of the paternal and maternal parents reduces the inbreeding risk and improves the trait aggregation efficiency.

[0104] According to the technical scheme and technical effect of the present application, the disclosed selection method for improving the egg production rate of white geese has the following inspirations for industrial application: 1. Variety adaptability: the differentiated management scheme needs to be designed according to the characteristics of local varieties (such as nestiness and fertilization rate); 2. Technical integration: genetic selection must be deeply integrated with environmental regulation and nutrition optimization, and the effect of a single measure is limited; 3. Economic trade-off: the high environmental control cost (constant temperature goose house) of Wanxi white geese is suitable for large-scale goose breeding farms, while the incubation optimization of Sichuan white geese is more suitable for small and medium-sized farmers.

[0105] Example: If it is popularized in rural areas in Sichuan, the "blue light irradiation + simple stage temperature reduction" technology can be used preferentially, the cost of a single household is reduced, and the egg production can still be increased.

[0106] The present application realizes a breakthrough in the egg production performance of white geese by systematically integrating genetic selection and environmental regulation, which is significantly better than the traditional method.

[0107] Finally, it should be noted that the above examples are used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present application, but not to limit the protection scope of the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical scheme of the present application can be modified or replaced with the same, without departing from the essence and scope of the technical scheme of the present application.

Claims

1. A breeding method for improving the egg production rate of white geese, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Select first-generation white geese with high egg production rate to form a material group. After four years of selection and breeding, eliminate individuals with low egg production rate, and then form a basic group of white geese with high egg production rate to start family selection and breeding as the first paternal line. S2. Select first-generation white geese with high egg production rate to form a material group. After four years of selection and breeding, eliminate individuals with low egg production rate, and then form a basic group of white geese with high egg production rate to start family selection and breeding as the first maternal line. S3. Use the first male parent and the first female parent to cross and select individuals with high egg production rates from the offspring.

2. The breeding method for improving the egg production rate of white geese according to claim 1, characterized in that: The white goose mentioned is any one of the following: Anhui West White Goose, Zhejiang East White Goose, or Sichuan White Goose.

3. The breeding method for improving the egg production rate of white geese according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first generation of white goose mothers were selected based on the following criteria: pure white composite feathers, low broodiness, excellent egg production performance, an average annual egg production of more than 90±5 eggs, good cooperation ability, sexual maturity at 200±10 days, and a high-producing strain with a 5% egg production rate of 250-300 days.

4. The breeding method for improving the egg production rate of white geese according to claim 1, characterized in that: The selection criteria for the first generation of white geese sires were: pure white composite feathers, excellent egg production performance, an average annual egg production of more than 85±5 eggs, and a sexual maturity period of 170-180 days.

5. The breeding method for improving the egg production rate of white geese according to claim 1, characterized in that: The final selected white geese had an age of 190±10 days at which they began laying eggs, and an annual egg production of 100±5 eggs.

6. The breeding method for improving the egg production rate of white geese according to claim 1, characterized in that: Egg production rate and egg production are determined by a combination of individual and family breeding, with family breeding being the primary method.

7. The breeding method for improving the egg production rate of white geese according to claim 1, characterized in that: First selection: No selection is performed at hatching; a small number of goslings that are too small or have poor physique are culled, and wing tags are attached according to family lineage. Second selection: At 9 weeks of age, the entire flock is weighed, and smaller individuals are selected for breeding according to a certain retention rate. Male geese are selected based on above-average weight, and female geese are selected based on moderate weight and health indicators. The retention rates for the first two generations are 20±3% and 40±5%, respectively, and the retention rate for the third generation can reach over 60%. Third selection: At 19 weeks of age, the geese are transferred to the laying goose house, and individual weights are measured. First, cull individuals that are too large, do not meet the size requirements, or are too small, and also cull male and female geese that do not meet the size and appearance requirements, and tag them with leg numbers; Fourth selection: at 25 weeks of age, the egg production performance of each family line is analyzed, mainly including the average age at first egg and the average number of eggs laid. Based on the family line performance, the selection rate of female geese in the family line is maintained at 31-41%; when selecting family lines for breeding, the ratio of male to female geese is about 1:(4-7); the next generation of family lines is formed according to a random method to avoid inbreeding of full siblings, half siblings, and 1 / 4 siblings, and to carry out successive generations of breeding.

8. The breeding method for improving the egg production rate of white geese according to claim 1, characterized in that: Through four generations of continuous selection, the number of paternal geese in each generation is over 40, and the retention rates of male and female geese in the breeding line are 7-12% and 25-48%, respectively. In terms of reproductive performance selection, the age at first egg production of about 41% of female geese has increased significantly, from 190±5 days in generation 0 to 180±5 days in generation 4. The number of eggs laid by female geese after entering the shed has also increased significantly, from 85±5 in generation 0 to 100±5 in generation 4.

9. The breeding method for improving the egg production rate of white geese according to claim 1, characterized in that: Through four generations of continuous selective breeding, the maternal line has more than forty families in each generation, with male and female geese having a breeding rate of 6%-7.5% and 31-41%, respectively. In terms of breeding performance, 39% of the female geese started laying eggs at a significantly earlier age, from 190±5 days in Generation 0 to 180±5 days in Generation 4, an increase of 10 days.

10. The breeding method for improving the egg production rate of white geese according to claim 1, characterized in that, Supporting management includes the following measures: (1) Light control: During the rearing period (0-9 weeks old), the daily light duration is ≤12 hours, and during the laying period (after 25 weeks old), the daily light duration is gradually increased to 14-16 hours, and the light intensity is 10-15 lux. (2) Nutritional regulation: The crude protein content of the feed during the laying period is ≥18%, the calcium-to-phosphorus ratio is 2:1, and 0.5% methionine and 0.2% compound vitamin premix are added; (3) Environmental management: The temperature of the laying goose house is controlled at 15-25℃, the relative humidity is 60-70%, and the stocking density is ≤3 birds per square meter; (4) Incubation optimization: The storage period of hatching eggs is ≤7 days, the storage temperature is 13-16℃, and formaldehyde fumigation (concentration 14g / m²) is used for disinfection before incubation. 3 (Time: 20 minutes)

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