Compound enzyme additive for ruminant animal feed as well as preparation method and application of compound enzyme additive

Abstract

The invention discloses a compound enzyme additive for ruminant feed as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of feed. The additive comprises an edible hard shell, wherein an indicator is contained in the hard shell; the ruminant food indicator has the advantages that the ruminant food is often required to be ruminated into the oral cavity again for chewing due to insufficient chewing during primary feeding of the ruminant, so that the indicator breaking condition during primary chewing of the ruminant animal is reduced by wrapping the indicator with the hard shell, the number of broken additives is low when the ruminant animal has ruminant obstacles, and the ruminant food indicator is safe and reliable. Therefore, the quantity of the indicator exposed in the excrement is small, and the sick animal can be effectively distinguished from other animals.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of feed, in particular to a compound enzyme additive for ruminant feed and a preparation method and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Ruminants are a suborder of the order Artiodactyla. Ruminants are animals that have a digestive system that includes a specialized stomach with four compartments. The process of digestion in ruminants is called rumination. Ruminants are herbivores, meaning they eat plants. They have a specialized stomach that allows them to digest plant material more efficiently than other animals. Ruminants are able to extract more nutrients from their food than other animals because they have a specialized stomach that allows them to break down and extract nutrients from plant material.

[0003] For breeding such animals, ruminant dysfunction will greatly affect the breeding efficiency, and in severe cases, it can even cause the death of animals. For severe ruminant dysfunction, it is often easy to be found due to severe symptoms, such as ruminant stop, because the animal stops ruminant, the food intake will also be seriously affected, but for the mild ruminant dysfunction, it is difficult to be found in time through simple means, so the animal with mild symptoms is more likely to be affected by long-term illness.

[0004] In the prior art, it is often necessary to use instruments and equipment to check the animals, which is time-consuming and costly, and therefore difficult to promote. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a compound enzyme additive for ruminant feed and a preparation method and application thereof, which solves the following technical problems:

[0006] In the existing ruminant breeding process, the problem of animal ruminant dysfunction often occurs. For severe ruminant dysfunction, such as ruminant stop, digestive tract distension, etc., it is relatively easy to find, but for mild and moderate ruminant dysfunction, it is more difficult to find because the eating, ruminant and digestion are not completely stopped. If the animal is in this stage for a long time, it will inevitably affect the yield and even threaten the life of the animal.

[0007] The purpose of the present application can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0008] A compound enzyme additive for ruminant feed, characterized in that the additive comprises an edible hard shell, and the hard shell contains an indicator.

[0009] Further, the indicator is one or more of an edible fluorescent substance, a color indicator, a digestibility indicator, and a radioactive tracer.

[0010] Further, the hard shell is coated on the outside of the indicator or the indicator is mixed into the hard shell substrate and made into a hard shell, and the thickness of the hard shell is 40-200 microns.

[0011] Further, the hard shell substrate includes one or more of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, carrageenan, xanthan gum, microcrystalline cellulose, sodium alginate, pregelatinized starch, gum arabic, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, bentonite, polyethylene glycol, povidone, chitosan, methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, and guar gum.

[0012] In order to better achieve the technical effects of the present application, the present application also discloses a preparation method of a composite enzyme additive for ruminant feed, comprising the following steps:

[0013] Step one, granulating the indicator;

[0014] Step two, coating the hard shell substrate on the outside of the indicator particles obtained in step one.

[0015] Further, the hard shell is coated on the outside of the indicator or the indicator is mixed into the hard shell substrate and made into a hard shell, and the thickness of the hard shell is 40-200 microns.

[0016] Further, the additive contains a composite enzyme preparation, and the composite enzyme includes one or more of cellulase, xylanase, and neutral protease.

[0017] Further, the coating layer is prepared by dissolving one or more of chitosan, sodium alginate, agar, ethyl cellulose, silk fibroin, collagen sponge, and carrageenan in water together with pregelatinized starch, and spraying the obtained solution on the hard shell.

[0018] Further, the thickness of the coating layer is 10-100 microns.

[0019] As a further scheme of the present application, the application of a composite enzyme additive for ruminant feed in the breeding of ruminants

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0021] (1) The present application takes into account that ruminants often need to re-chew food in the mouth when chewing is not sufficient at the first time, so by coating a hard shell on the outside of the indicator, the breaking of the indicator during the first chewing is reduced, and when the animal has a rumination disorder, the number of broken additives is lower, so the number of exposed indicators in the feces is small, thereby effectively distinguishing the sick animals from other animals.

[0022] (2)The present application can achieve more diverse detection methods by controlling the specific type of indicator. For example, when using edible fluorescent substances, feces can be quickly detected by ultraviolet irradiation. When using color indicators, a large number of small particles with distinct colors can be used, and the detection can be quickly performed by counting the small particles in the feces. The same applies to digestive rate indicators and radioactive tracers, which can also be quickly detected by corresponding means.

[0023] (3) The present application adds a composite enzyme preparation to the additive, which can help animals to promote the peristalsis of the digestive tract of animals to a certain extent.

[0024] (4) The feed preparation method provided by the present application reduces the probability of breaking the hard shell when the animal eats the feed by controlling the thickness of the hard shell. At the same time, the thicker hard shell can reduce the probability of the additive being digested in the digestive tract of animals with rumination disorders, thereby improving the detection accuracy of animals with rumination disorders.

[0025] (5) The present application further reduces the probability of breaking the hard shell when the animal eats the feed by adding a coating layer outside the hard shell, thereby further improving the detection accuracy of animals with rumination disorders. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in a clear and complete manner. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, not all. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0027] In order to detect the effectiveness of the present application, the following examples and tests are provided. It should be noted that in order to facilitate the molding of the additive, adhesives and disintegrants and other substances are needed. These substances can facilitate the actual use of the additive to a certain extent, but they should not be considered as essential parts of the present application, and the specific types of agents used are not necessarily required.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] The additive of the present example is prepared by the following steps: 20 parts by weight (hereinafter parts are parts by weight) of montmorillonite and microcrystalline cellulose 50 parts are added to PVP ethanol solution and fully stirred to obtain the indicated granules by wet granulation; 60 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, 15 parts of glycerol and 500 parts of purified water are blended and stirred uniformly to obtain the shell solution, the indicated granules are heated to 30°C, and the shell solution is sprayed onto the indicated granules, the spraying parameters are inlet air temperature 45°C, spraying pressure 0.12 MPa, spraying speed 10 mL / min, the shell thickness is controlled to be 100 microns, and after spraying, the additive is dried and solidified at 30°C, and after solidification, the additive of the present example is obtained.

[0030] Example 2

[0031] The additive of the present example is prepared by the following steps: 20 parts by weight (hereinafter parts are parts by weight) of montmorillonite and microcrystalline cellulose 50 parts are added to PVP ethanol solution and fully stirred to obtain the indicated granules by wet granulation; 60 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, 15 parts of glycerol and 500 parts of purified water are blended and stirred uniformly to obtain the shell solution, the indicated granules are heated to 30°C, and the shell solution is sprayed onto the indicated granules, the spraying parameters are inlet air temperature 45°C, spraying pressure 0.12 MPa, spraying speed 10 mL / min, the shell thickness is controlled to be 100 microns, and after spraying, the additive is dried and solidified at 30°C, and after solidification, the additive of the present example is obtained.

[0032] The coating solution is obtained by blending and stirring 20 parts of carrageenan, 10 parts of pre-gelatinized starch, 0.5 parts of complex enzyme preparation and 400 parts of purified water; the additive preform is preheated to 30°C, and the coating solution is sprayed onto the additive preform, the spraying parameters are inlet air temperature 35°C, spraying pressure 0.12 MPa, spraying speed 80 mL / min, the shell thickness is controlled to be 40 microns, and after spraying, the additive is dried and solidified at 30°C, and after solidification, the additive of the present example is obtained.

[0033] Example 3

[0034] The additive of the present example is prepared by the following steps: 20 parts by weight (hereinafter parts are parts by weight) of montmorillonite and microcrystalline cellulose 50 parts are added to PVP ethanol solution and fully stirred to obtain the indicated granules by wet granulation; 60 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, 15 parts of glycerol and 500 parts of purified water are blended and stirred uniformly to obtain the shell solution, the indicated granules are heated to 30°C, and the shell solution is sprayed onto the indicated granules, the spraying parameters are inlet air temperature 45°C, spraying pressure 0.12 MPa, spraying speed 10 mL / min, the shell thickness is controlled to be 100 microns, and after spraying, the additive is dried and solidified at 30°C, and after solidification, the additive of the present example is obtained.

[0035] It should be noted that although the prior art has edible fluorescent substances with higher safety, such as coated with inert substances, carrying rhodamine B, but due to technical and non-technical reasons, such substances are difficult to obtain, so in this embodiment, rhodamine B is used to verify the effectiveness of edible fluorescent substances under the concept of the present application, and in actual use, safer raw materials can still be obtained through other ways.

[0036] Similarly, radioactive tracers are also difficult to implement due to non-technical reasons, but through theoretical demonstration, such substances still have theoretical possibilities.

[0037] Example 4

[0038] The additive of this embodiment is prepared by the following steps: 20 parts of montmorillonite and 50 parts of microcrystalline cellulose are added to a PVP ethanol solution and fully stirred to obtain the indicated granules by wet granulation; 60 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, 15 parts of glycerol and 500 parts of purified water are blended and stirred uniformly to obtain a shell solution, the indicated granules are heated to 30°C, and the shell solution is sprayed onto the indicated granules, the spraying parameters are inlet air temperature 45°C, spraying pressure 0.12 MPa, spraying speed 10 mL / min, the shell thickness is controlled to be 40 microns, and after spraying, the additive is dried and solidified at 30°C, and after solidification, the additive of this embodiment is obtained.

[0039] Example 5

[0040] The additive of this embodiment is prepared by the following steps: 20 parts of montmorillonite and 50 parts of microcrystalline cellulose are added to a PVP ethanol solution and fully stirred to obtain the indicated granules by wet granulation; 60 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, 15 parts of glycerol and 500 parts of purified water are blended and stirred uniformly to obtain a shell solution, the indicated granules are heated to 30°C, and the shell solution is sprayed onto the indicated granules, the spraying parameters are inlet air temperature 45°C, spraying pressure 0.12 MPa, spraying speed 10 mL / min, the shell thickness is controlled to be 40 microns, and after spraying, the additive is dried and solidified at 30°C, and after solidification, the additive of this embodiment is obtained.

[0041] Comparative Example 1

[0042] The additive of this comparative example is prepared by the following steps: 20 parts of montmorillonite and 50 parts of microcrystalline cellulose are added to a PVP ethanol solution and fully stirred to obtain the additive of this comparative example by wet granulation.

[0043] Comparative Example 2

[0044] The additive of the present comparative example was prepared by the following steps: 50 parts of microcrystalline cellulose was added into a PVP ethanol solution and stirred thoroughly, and then granules were obtained by wet granulation; 60 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, 15 parts of glycerol and 500 parts of purified water were blended and stirred uniformly to obtain a shell solution, the granules were heated to 30°C, and the shell solution was sprayed onto the granules, the spraying parameters were as follows: inlet air temperature 45°C, spraying pressure 0.12 MPa, spraying speed 10 mL / min, and the shell thickness was controlled to be 40 microns, after spraying, the additive was dried and solidified at 30°C, and the additive of the present comparative example was obtained after solidification.

[0045] Performance detection

[0046] In view of the technical problems to be solved in the present application, the above examples and comparative examples were detected:

[0047] The additives prepared in the above examples and comparative examples were added to forage at a dosage of 50 g per kg, and 60 healthy and 60 ruminant disorder breeding cattle were divided into six groups, each group having 10 healthy and diseased cattle, and the forage was fed to the cattle at 2% of the body weight of the cattle per day, and the cattle dung was collected after 48 h of feeding.

[0048] For example 3, since the raw material has a certain potential danger, only for the purpose of effectiveness verification, only 1 adult ruminant disorder cattle and 1 healthy adult cattle were fed with the additive in the above amount, and the additive amount was 10 g per kg.

[0049] The following table is the detection result of the indicator in the dung of each group of cattle, and the additive containing montmorillonite is quantitatively detected by weight method, and the specific method is as follows: 200 g of dung is mixed uniformly and dried in the wind.

[0050] Impurity removal: remove undigested fibers and large particles through a 2 mm sieve.

[0051] The dried dung powder is added to distilled water (1:10), stirred and left for 30 minutes.

[0052] The montmorillonite will settle at the bottom, and the supernatant is poured off and the precipitate is collected.

[0053] The enriched precipitate is washed with 10% hydrochloric acid and rinsed with distilled water until neutral.

[0054] 105°C drying to constant weight, and weighing the residual mass of montmorillonite.

[0055] Calculation:

[0056] Montmorillonite content (%) = montmorillonite mass (g) / dung dry sample mass (g) x 100%

[0057] Supplemented with naked eye judgment;

[0058]

[0059] Example 3

[0060] The bovine fecal extract was extracted with methanol, and both the sick and healthy bovine showed fluorescence under UV irradiation, with the healthy bovine showing significantly higher fluorescence intensity than the sick bovine.

[0061] From the above data, it can be clearly seen that the additive of the present application can be used to distinguish between the two by fecal detection after being added to the bovine feed, and the color indicator can be quickly identified by the naked eye after being added, and the fluorescent substance can also be quickly distinguished under UV irradiation.

[0062] The above has described one embodiment of the present application in detail, but the content described is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and cannot be considered as limiting the implementation range of the present application. Any equivalent changes and improvements made within the scope of the present application should still belong to the patent coverage range of the present application.

Claims

1. A compound enzyme additive for ruminant feed, characterized in that, The additive includes an edible hard shell containing an indicator.

2. The compound enzyme additive for ruminant feed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The indicator is one or more of the following: edible fluorescent substances, color indicators, digestibility indicators, and radioactive tracers.

3. The compound enzyme additive for ruminant feed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rigid shell is either wrapped around the indicator or the indicator is mixed into the rigid shell substrate and formed into a rigid shell, wherein the thickness of the rigid shell is 40-200 micrometers.

4. A compound enzyme additive for ruminant feed according to claim 3, characterized in that, The rigid outer shell substrate includes one or more of the following: hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, carrageenan, xanthan gum, microcrystalline cellulose, sodium alginate, pregelatinized starch, gum arabic, polyvinylpyrrolidone, bentonite, polyethylene glycol, povidone, chitosan, methylcellulose, ethylcellulose, and guar gum.

5. A method for preparing a compound enzyme additive for ruminant feed, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Granulate the indicator; Step 2: Wrap the rigid outer shell substrate around the indicator particles obtained in Step 1.

6. The method for preparing a compound enzyme additive for ruminant feed according to claim 5, characterized in that, The rigid outer shell is covered with a coating layer.

7. A compound enzyme additive for ruminant feed according to claim 6, characterized in that, The additive contains a complex enzyme preparation, which includes one or more of cellulase, xylanase, and neutral protease.

8. The method for preparing a compound enzyme additive for ruminant feed according to claim 5, characterized in that, The coating layer is made by dissolving one or more of chitosan, sodium alginate, agar, ethyl cellulose, silk protein, collagen sponge and carrageenan together with pregelatinized starch in water, and spraying the resulting solution onto a rigid outer shell.

9. A method for preparing a compound enzyme additive for ruminant feed according to claim 6, characterized in that, The coating layer has a thickness of 10-100 micrometers.

10. The application of a compound enzyme additive for ruminant feed in ruminant farming.

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