Pet food containing probiotic-lactoferrin pellets and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a pet food containing probiotic-lactoferrin pellets and a preparation method of the pet food. An immune golden triangle formula is adopted, layered wrapping is carried out, active probiotics, prebiotics, protein for enhancing immunity and antioxidant substances are used as formula raw materials, the probiotics are wrapped by the prebiotics and milk fat globule membrane protein, and then the prebiotics and the milk fat globule membrane protein are wrapped by lactoferrin and shiitake mushroom powder. And finally, coating lactoferrin with a coating solution containing antioxidant substances to prepare pellets, and applying the pellets to preparation of pet food. Functional substances such as probiotics and immune protein are delivered to the intestinal tract through multi-layer wrapping, and various functional components capable of improving immunity in the intestinal tract have a synergistic effect, so that the immunity of pets can be remarkably improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of pet food science and technology, and particularly relates to a pet food containing probiotics-lactoferrin micro-pellets and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] As the main consumer category of pets, the main food directly affects the safety and health of pets.

[0003] Immunity is closely related to the occurrence of various pet diseases. Immune deficiency, viral and fungal infection diseases are closely related to low immunity. High immunity is a basic guarantee for the healthy life of pets, and is closely related to the resistance to pathogenic microorganisms, the reduction of intestinal diseases, the improvement of metabolism, the health of the skin and fur, and the recovery of wounds. Nutrition plays an important role in immune regulation, and through nutritional means to improve immunity, the health of pets and the experience of pet keeping are improved. Probiotics, prebiotics and lactoferrin are effective nutrients for improving immunity and have been widely used in recent years.

[0004] Milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) proteins, including MUC1, lactadherin, and butyrophilin, can bind to specific receptors on dendritic cells (DCs), thereby blocking the binding of pathogens to host cells and inhibiting viral infection. In addition, MFGM can enhance the recognition ability of the immune system by regulating T cell responses. Among them, MFG-E8 (a major protein of milk fat globule membrane) can reduce intestinal inflammation by down-regulating the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, thereby enhancing immune defense. Milk fat globule membrane proteins also have the same function as prebiotics, thereby improving the balance of intestinal microecology, but their extraction from whey powder is difficult and the extraction cost is too high, making it difficult to replace ordinary proteins such as lactoferrin. Flaxseed oil contains rich omega-3 fatty acids, which can regulate the activity of immune cells, enhance the production of specific antibodies, promote the activation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes, and increase the reactivity of specific T cells. In addition, alpha-linolenic acid can be converted into EPA and DHA, which play an important role in regulating immune response, anti-inflammatory and enhancing immune function. In addition, flaxseed oil contains rich vitamin E, which is a powerful antioxidant that can neutralize oxygen free radicals and reduce the degree of oxidative stress, thereby reducing the occurrence of inflammatory reactions. Soybean oligosaccharides, as a prebiotic, can be efficiently utilized by beneficial bacteria such as bifidobacteria in the intestine, thereby promoting their growth and reproduction, and indirectly enhancing the function of the immune system by regulating the intestinal flora.

[0005] Lactoferrin is an important protein found in milk, a bioactive protein widely present in biological secretions, possessing various physiological functions, including immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects. Lactoferrin's immune regulation is divided into direct and indirect regulation. Direct regulation includes non-specific and specific immunity, while indirect regulation includes antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects. The structure and integrity of lactoferrin affect its bioactivity. Heating can induce structural aggregation, burying some physiologically active groups and affecting its efficacy. Due to its fragile structure, lactoferrin is not suitable for addition to cat food or canned food products (freeze-drying with a very short high-temperature stage is possible, but such freeze-dried products are rare). The temperature, pressure, and time of baking, puffing, and sterilization in canning almost inevitably lead to significant inactivation of lactoferrin. From 72 degrees Celsius, the structure of lactoferrin begins to change, and its potency decreases; above 135 degrees Celsius, it is completely inactivated within 4 seconds.

[0006] With technological advancements, external spraying is now used to avoid direct loss of lactoferrin due to high temperatures (CN116420818A), and microencapsulation technology is employed to encapsulate lactoferrin, effectively inhibiting the survival rate of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and exhibiting good antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activity (CN117462657A). However, the material temperature during spraying remains around 90 degrees Celsius, still posing a risk of inactivation. Furthermore, the uniformity of mixing is affected by factors such as spraying area, spraying time, stirring time, and stirring intensity, and the uniformity of lactoferrin cannot be determined. The microencapsulation technology in this patent (CN117462657A) does not consider the complexity of pet food processing and the need for viability verification. Therefore, those skilled in the art need to improve and apply microencapsulation technology to the preparation process of pet food. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved: Currently, substances such as probiotics, prebiotics, and active proteins that can enhance immunity are easily deactivated during processing, making it difficult for them to reach the intestines and exert their effects. Ensuring the activity of probiotics and proteins has always been a technical challenge in food processing. This invention employs an immune-boosting golden triangle formula with layered encapsulation to synergistically enhance immunity while maintaining the stability of functional substances and the activity of probiotics during processing and delivery.

[0008] Technical Solution: A pet food containing probiotic-lactoferrin microspheres, the raw materials of which, by weight, include: 0.1-0.3 parts probiotic powder, 0.5-1 part soybean oligosaccharide, 1-2 parts milk fat globule membrane protein, 0.2-0.5 parts yeast selenium, 10-25 parts flaxseed oil, 10-14 parts lactoferrin, 3-5 parts shiitake mushroom powder, 3-5 parts sweet potato powder, 10-30 parts coating liquid, 70-90 parts animal-derived ingredients, and 10-20 parts plant-derived ingredients.

[0009] Further, the probiotic bacteria powder is a combination of Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus reuteri and Bifidobacterium.

[0010] Further, the ingredients of the coating solution are 0.5-3 parts of chitosan, 5-12 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose acetate succinate, 1-3 parts of glycerol, 0.1-0.5 parts of sodium chloride, 0.05-0.2 parts of vitamin C, 0.01-0.1 parts of vitamin E, and 80-90 parts of water.

[0011] Further, the animal raw material is 60-80 parts of chicken meat, 5-10 parts of duck meat, 2-5 parts of chicken liver, 2-5 parts of chicken heart, and 1-2 parts of fish oil; and the plant raw material is 2-5 parts of purple sweet potato, 1-3 parts of cellulose, 1-3 parts of beer yeast powder, and 1-3 parts of fruit and vegetable powder.

[0012] A preparation method of a pet food containing probiotic-lactoferrin pellets, comprising the following steps: S1. Preparation of probiotic microcapsules: mix probiotic bacteria powder with flaxseed oil, dissolve soybean oligosaccharide, yeast selenium and lactoferrin into water to prepare a complex solution, homogenize the complex solution with flaxseed oil, and freeze-dry to obtain probiotic microcapsules; S2. Preparation of probiotic-lactoferrin pellet cores: mix probiotic microcapsules, lactoferrin and shiitake mushroom powder with water, stir to obtain a material, extrude the material into a strip through an extrusion screen plate, and roll the strip into a pellet core in a rolling machine; S3. Preparation of probiotic-lactoferrin pellets: form the pellet core with a coating solution in a centrifugal granulator, and dry in a fluidized bed to obtain lactoferrin pellets; S4. Preparation of pet food: prepare a base material from pretreated animal raw material and plant raw material, place one pellet in each hole of a whole plate mold, fill the mold with the base material, and dry to form pet food containing probiotic-lactoferrin pellets.

[0013] Further, the concentration of the complex solution in step S1 is 1-3 wt.%, the ultrasonic power is 500-800 W, and the ultrasonic time is 10-15 min; the mixing and homogenizing speed is 5000-8000 rpm, and the time is 3-5 min.

[0014] Further, the water content of the material in step S2 is 20-45 wt.%, the screen plate aperture is 2-3 mm, and the rolling machine speed is 200-600 rpm.

[0015] Further, the coating liquid in step S3 is composed of chitosan, hypromellose acetate succinate, glycerol, sodium chloride, vitamin C, vitamin E and water in a mass ratio of (0.5-3):(5-12):(1-3):(0.1-0.5):(0.05-0.2):(0.01-0.1):(80-90).

[0016] Further, the parameters of the centrifugal granulator in step S3 are as follows: centrifugal rotation speed is 200-400 rpm, liquid spraying rate is 5-20 mL / min, and air inlet temperature is 35-50 DEG C; the air inlet temperature of the fluidized bed is 40-60 DEG C.

[0017] Further, the pretreatment in step S4 includes crushing, sterilization and conditioning; and the pore size of each hole of the mold is 0.7-1.5 cm.

[0018] Beneficial effects: 1. The present application adopts multiple functional substances to improve the immune effect, in addition to lactoferrin and probiotics, the flaxseed oil contains rich omega-3 fatty acids, soybean oligosaccharides are a prebiotic, milk fat globule membrane protein, yeast selenium and lentinan in shiitake powder, these substances can enhance the immune ability of the immune system through multiple pathways such as activating immune cells, enhancing immune cell activity, regulating immune response, promoting antibody secretion and improving intestinal health.

[0019] 2. The present application adopts soybean oligosaccharides, milk fat globule membrane protein and yeast selenium as the wall material of probiotic microcapsules, MFGM as a natural biological membrane material has good encapsulation performance, combined with soybean oligosaccharides, it not only improves the stability and activity of probiotics, but also improves the bioavailability and survival rate of probiotics; yeast selenium combined with protein and polysaccharide as the wall material of probiotics not only improves the bioavailability and absorption rate of selenium, but also significantly reduces the damage of oxidative stress to the activity of probiotics; milk fat globule membrane protein forms an initial barrier, polysaccharide provides structural stability, and selenium can interact with protein and polysaccharide (such as forming Se-S bond, hydrogen bond, electrostatic interaction, etc.), after the three are compounded, the wall material structure is more compact and has higher mechanical strength, which improves its physical barrier and protection performance, and significantly improves the survival rate of probiotics.

[0020] 3. The present application mixes shiitake powder and lactoferrin to perform the second level of wrapping, the polysaccharide in shiitake powder helps to maintain the structural integrity of lactoferrin, thereby enhancing its activity to a certain extent, in addition, shiitake polysaccharide itself has immunomodulatory and antioxidant effects, which may indirectly support the function of lactoferrin by enhancing the host's immune system, and the taste of shiitake has a certain attractiveness to pets.

[0021] 4. The present application adds chitosan and vitamins in the coating liquid to improve the oxidation resistance and antibacterial property of the pellets, further ensure the stability and bioavailability of lactoferrin, and improve the safety of the product. The prepared pellets can be used as an additive of pet food, or used as a pet product alone, and can improve the palatability of pet food and increase the commercial economic value.

[0022] 5. The present application uses functional substances to wrap functional substances, and finally uses plant and animal base materials to wrap the pellets to prepare a core-shell structure pet food. Not only can the pet food avoid damage caused by high temperature or external environment during processing, but also the structure can realize the hierarchical slow release of nutritional ingredients. The coating slowly releases lactoferrin, prolongs the absorption time of lactoferrin in the pet body, and improves the absorption efficiency. After the release of prebiotics, nutrients and environmental requirements can be provided for the subsequent colonization of probiotics, so that the probiotics can play a functional role in the intestinal tract. The multi-layer coating ensures the activity of probiotics and the integrity of protein structure, so that the probiotics can play a functional role. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present application will be further described below in combination with the drawings and examples. The following examples are used to explain the present application, and the present application is not limited to the following examples. Example 1 A preparation method of a pet food containing probiotic-lactoferrin pellets is as follows: S1. Probiotic microcapsule preparation: 0.1 part of Lactobacillus rhamnosus powder, 0.1 part of Lactobacillus reuteri powder, and 0.1 part of Bifidobacterium powder are mixed with 10 parts of flaxseed oil. 0.8 parts of soybean oligosaccharide, 0.2 parts of yeast selenium, and 1 part of milk fat globule membrane protein are added to 98 parts of water. The mixture is dissolved by ultrasonic treatment at 500 W for 15 min to form a complex solution. The complex solution is mixed with flaxseed oil, and then homogenized at 5000 rpm for 5 min. The homogenized mixture is freeze-dried to obtain probiotic microcapsules. S2. Probiotic-lactoferrin pellet core preparation: the prepared probiotic microcapsules, 10 parts of lactoferrin, and 3 parts of shiitake mushroom powder are mixed with an appropriate amount of water to form a material. The water content of the material is controlled at 30 wt.%. The material is extruded into a strip through a 2.5 mm screen plate, and then rolled into a pellet core in a 600 rpm roller. S3. Preparation of coating liquid: chitosan, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose acetate succinate, glycerol, sodium chloride, vitamin C, vitamin E, and water are mixed and stirred uniformly at a mass ratio of 0.5:5:1:0.1:0.1:0.05:80 to obtain a coating liquid. S4. Preparation of probiotic-lactoferrin micro-pellets: The pellet core was formed with 20 parts of coating liquid in a centrifugal granulator, and lactoferrin micro-pellets were prepared by fluidized bed drying. The parameters of the centrifugal granulator were as follows: centrifugal speed of 400 rpm, liquid spraying rate of 10 mL / min, inlet air temperature of 40°C, and inlet air temperature of the fluidized bed of 50°C; S5. Preparation of pet food: chicken 60 parts, duck 5 parts, chicken liver 2 parts, chicken heart 2 parts, fish oil 1 part were crushed, purple sweet potato 4 parts, cellulose 2 parts, beer yeast powder 2 parts, fruit and vegetable powder 2 parts were crushed, sterilized, mixed and conditioned to prepare the base material. One micro-pellet was placed in each hole of the whole plate mold, the hole diameter of each mold was 1 cm, and the mold was filled with the base material. The pet food containing probiotic-lactoferrin micro-pellets was obtained by drying and molding.

[0024] Example 2 A method for preparing pet food containing probiotic-lactoferrin micro-pellets is as follows: S1. Preparation of probiotic microcapsules: 0.1 parts of Lactobacillus rhamnosus powder, 0.1 parts of Lactobacillus reuteri powder and 0.1 parts of Bifidobacterium powder were mixed with 10 parts of flaxseed oil, 0.8 parts of soybean oligosaccharide, 0.2 parts of selenium yeast and 2 parts of milk fat globule membrane protein were dissolved in 97 parts of water to prepare a complex solution by ultrasonic dissolution at 500W for 15min. The complex solution was mixed with flaxseed oil, homogenized at 5000 rpm for 5min, and freeze-dried to obtain probiotic microcapsules; S2. Preparation of probiotic-lactoferrin pellet core: the prepared probiotic microcapsules, 10 parts of lactoferrin and 3 parts of shiitake mushroom powder were mixed uniformly with appropriate amount of water, and then the material was stirred with sweet potato powder to obtain a material. The water content of the material was controlled at 30wt.%. The material was extruded into a strip through a 2.5mm screen plate, and then was placed in a 600 rpm roller compactor to roll into a pellet core. S3. Preparation of coating liquid: chitosan, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose acetate succinate, glycerol, sodium chloride, vitamin C, vitamin E and water were mixed and stirred uniformly at a mass ratio of 0.5:5:1:0.1:0.1:0.05:80 to obtain a coating liquid. S4. Preparation of probiotic-lactoferrin micro-pellets: the pellet core was formed with 20 parts of coating liquid in a centrifugal granulator, and lactoferrin micro-pellets were prepared by fluidized bed drying. The parameters of the centrifugal granulator were as follows: centrifugal speed of 400 rpm, liquid spraying rate of 10 mL / min, inlet air temperature of 40°C, and inlet air temperature of the fluidized bed of 50°C; S5. Preparation of pet food: chicken 60 parts, duck 5 parts, chicken liver 2 parts, chicken heart 2 parts, fish oil 1 part were crushed, purple sweet potato 4 parts, cellulose 2 parts, beer yeast powder 2 parts, fruit and vegetable powder 2 parts were crushed, sterilized, mixed and conditioned to prepare the base material. One micro-pellet was placed in each hole of the whole plate mold, the hole diameter of each mold was 1 cm, and the mold was filled with the base material. The pet food containing probiotic-lactoferrin micro-pellets was obtained by drying and molding.

[0025] Example 3 A method for preparing a pet food containing probiotic-lactoferrin pellets is as follows: S1. Preparation of probiotic microcapsules: 0.07 parts of Lactobacillus rhamnosus powder, 0.07 parts of Lactobacillus reuteri powder and 0.06 parts of Bifidobacterium powder are mixed with 10 parts of flaxseed oil, 0.8 parts of soybean oligosaccharide, 0.2 parts of yeast selenium and 1 part of milk fat globule membrane protein are added to 98 parts of water, dissolved by ultrasonic for 15 min at 500 W to prepare a complex solution, the complex solution is mixed with flaxseed oil, homogenized at 5000 rpm for 5 min, and freeze-dried to obtain probiotic microcapsules; S2. Preparation of probiotic-lactoferrin pellet core: the prepared probiotic microcapsules, 10 parts of lactoferrin and 3 parts of shiitake mushroom powder are mixed uniformly with appropriate amount of water, then 1 part of sweet potato powder is added and stirred to obtain a material, the water content of the material is controlled at 30 wt.%, the material is extruded into a strip through a 2.5 mm screen plate, and then placed in a 600 rpm roller compactor to roll into a pellet core; S3. Preparation of coating liquid: chitosan, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose acetate succinate, glycerol, sodium chloride, vitamin C, vitamin E and water are mixed and stirred uniformly at a mass ratio of 0.5:5:1:0.1:0.1:0.05:80 to obtain a coating liquid; S4. Preparation of probiotic-lactoferrin pellets: the pellet core is formed with 20 parts of the coating liquid in a centrifugal granulator, and dried in a fluidized bed to obtain lactoferrin pellets, the parameters of the centrifugal granulator are a centrifugal speed of 400 rpm, a liquid spraying rate of 10 mL / min, an inlet air temperature of 40°C, and an inlet air temperature of the fluidized bed of 50°C; S5. Preparation of pet food: chicken meat 60 parts, duck meat 5 parts, chicken liver 2 parts, chicken heart 2 parts, fish oil 1 part are crushed, purple sweet potato 4 parts, cellulose 2 parts, beer yeast powder 2 parts, fruit and vegetable powder 2 parts are crushed, sterilized, mixed and conditioned to prepare a base material, 1 pellet is placed in each hole of the whole plate mold, the hole diameter of each of the mold is 1 cm, the mold is filled with the base material, and dried to form a pet food containing probiotic-lactoferrin pellets.

[0026] Example 4 A method for preparing a pet food containing probiotic-lactoferrin pellets is as follows: S1. Preparation of probiotic microcapsules: 0.1 parts of Lactobacillus rhamnosus powder, 0.1 parts of Lactobacillus reuteri powder and 0.1 parts of Bifidobacterium powder are mixed with 10 parts of flaxseed oil, 0.8 parts of soybean oligosaccharide, 0.2 parts of yeast selenium and 1 part of milk fat globule membrane protein are added to 98 parts of water, dissolved by ultrasonic for 15 min at 500 W to prepare a complex solution, the complex solution is mixed with flaxseed oil, homogenized at 5000 rpm for 5 min, and freeze-dried to obtain probiotic microcapsules; S2. Preparation of probiotic-lactoferrin pellet core: the prepared probiotic microcapsules, 14 parts of lactoferrin and 3 parts of shiitake powder are mixed with an appropriate amount of water, and then 3 parts of sweet potato powder is added and stirred to obtain a material. The water content of the material is controlled at 30wt.%, and the material is extruded into strips through a 2.5mm screen plate, and then placed in a 600 rpm roller compactor to roll into pellet cores; S3. Preparation of coating liquid: chitosan, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose acetate succinate, glycerol, sodium chloride, vitamin C, vitamin E and water are mixed and stirred uniformly at a mass ratio of 0.5:5:1:0.1:0.1:0.05:80 to obtain a coating liquid; S4. Preparation of probiotic-lactoferrin pellets: the pellet core is formed with 20 parts of the coating liquid in a centrifugal granulator, and lactoferrin pellets are prepared by drying in a fluidized bed. The parameters of the centrifugal granulator are as follows: centrifugal speed is 400 rpm, liquid spraying rate is 10 mL / min, and inlet air temperature is 40℃. The inlet air temperature of the fluidized bed is 50℃; S5. Preparation of pet food: chicken meat 60 parts, duck meat 5 parts, chicken liver 2 parts, chicken heart 2 parts, fish oil 1 part are crushed, purple sweet potato 4 parts, cellulose 2 parts, beer yeast powder 2 parts, fruit and vegetable powder 2 parts are crushed, sterilized, mixed and conditioned to prepare a base material. One pellet is placed in each hole of the whole plate mold, and the hole diameter of each hole of the mold is 1 cm. The mold is filled with the base material, and the pet food containing probiotic-lactoferrin pellets is obtained by drying and forming.

[0027] Example 5 A method for preparing pet food containing probiotic-lactoferrin pellets is as follows: S1. Preparation of probiotic microcapsules: 0.1 parts of Lactobacillus rhamnosus powder, 0.1 parts of Lactobacillus reuteri powder and 0.1 parts of Bifidobacterium powder are mixed with 10 parts of flaxseed oil. 0.8 parts of soybean oligosaccharide, 0.2 parts of yeast selenium and 1 part of milk fat globule membrane protein are dissolved in 98 parts of water by ultrasonic treatment at 500W for 15min to prepare a complex solution. The complex solution is mixed with flaxseed oil, and then homogenized at 5000 rpm for 5min. The probiotic microcapsules are obtained by freeze-drying. S2. Preparation of probiotic-lactoferrin pellet core: the prepared probiotic microcapsules, 10 parts of lactoferrin and 5 parts of shiitake powder are mixed with an appropriate amount of water, and then 3 parts of sweet potato powder is added and stirred to obtain a material. The water content of the material is controlled at 30wt.%, and the material is extruded into strips through a 2.5mm screen plate, and then placed in a 600 rpm roller compactor to roll into pellet cores; S3. Preparation of coating liquid: chitosan, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose acetate succinate, glycerol, sodium chloride, vitamin C, vitamin E and water are mixed and stirred uniformly at a mass ratio of 0.5:5:1:0.1:0.1:0.05:80 to obtain a coating liquid; S4. Preparation of probiotic-lactoferrin pellets: the core and 20 parts of coating liquid are formed in a centrifugal granulator, and lactoferrin pellets are prepared by fluidized bed drying, the parameters of the centrifugal granulator are that the centrifugal speed is 400 rpm, the liquid spraying rate is 10 mL / min, the inlet air temperature is 40℃, and the inlet air temperature of the fluidized bed is 50℃; S5. Preparation of pet food: chicken 60 parts, duck 5 parts, chicken liver 2 parts, chicken heart 2 parts, fish oil 1 part are crushed, purple sweet potato 4 parts, cellulose 2 parts, beer yeast powder 2 parts, fruit and vegetable powder 2 parts are crushed, sterilized, mixed and conditioned to prepare the base material, 1 pellet is put into each hole of the whole plate mold, the hole diameter of each hole of the mold is 1 cm, the base material is filled in the mold, and the pet food containing probiotic-lactoferrin pellets is obtained by drying and forming.

[0028] Comparative Example 1 The difference between this comparative example and Example 4 is that no probiotic-lactoferrin pellets are added, and probiotics, lactoferrin, etc. are directly added, as follows: S1. Mixing of ingredients: 0.1 parts of Lactobacillus rhamnosus powder, 0.1 parts of Lactobacillus reuteri powder and 0.1 parts of Bifidobacterium powder are mixed with 10 parts of flaxseed oil, 0.8 parts of soybean oligosaccharide, 0.2 parts of selenium yeast and 1 part of milk fat globule membrane protein are mixed with 14 parts of lactoferrin and 3 parts of shiitake mushroom powder, and a suitable amount of water is added and stirred uniformly to obtain the material, the water content of the material is controlled at 30wt.%, the material is extruded into strip-shaped material through a 2.5mm screen plate, and the granules are prepared by rolling in a 600 rpm rolling machine; S2. Preparation of pet food: chicken 60 parts, duck 5 parts, chicken liver 2 parts, chicken heart 2 parts, fish oil 1 part are crushed, purple sweet potato 4 parts, cellulose 2 parts, beer yeast powder 2 parts, fruit and vegetable powder 2 parts are crushed, sterilized, mixed and conditioned to prepare the base material, the granules are put into the mold, the base material is filled in the mold, and the pet food containing probiotic-lactoferrin is obtained by drying and forming.

[0029] Comparative Example 2 The difference between this comparative example and Example 4 is that no probiotic is added, as follows: S1. Preparation of lactoferrin pellet core: 0.8 parts of soybean oligosaccharide, 0.2 parts of selenium yeast and 1 part of milk fat globule membrane protein, 14 parts of lactoferrin and 3 parts of shiitake mushroom powder are mixed with a suitable amount of water, and then sweet potato powder is added and stirred to obtain the material, the water content of the material is controlled at 30wt.%, the material is extruded into strip-shaped material through a 2.5mm screen plate, and the pellet core is prepared by rolling in a 600 rpm rolling machine; S2. Preparation of coating liquid: chitosan, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose succinate, glycerol, sodium chloride, vitamin C, vitamin E and water are mixed and stirred uniformly at a mass ratio of 0.5:5:1:0.1:0.1:0.05:80 to obtain the coating liquid; S3. Lactoferrin micro-pellet preparation: the core and 20 parts of coating liquid were formed in a centrifugal granulator, and the lactoferrin micro-pellets were prepared by fluidized bed drying. The parameters of the centrifugal granulator were as follows: centrifugal speed was 400 rpm, liquid spraying rate was 10 mL / min, inlet air temperature was 40℃, and inlet air temperature of the fluidized bed was 50℃; S4. Preparation of pet food: chicken 60 parts, duck 5 parts, chicken liver 2 parts, chicken heart 2 parts, fish oil 1 part were crushed, purple sweet potato 4 parts, cellulose 2 parts, beer yeast powder 2 parts, fruit and vegetable powder 2 parts were crushed, sterilized, mixed and conditioned to prepare the base material. One micro-pellet was placed in each hole of the whole plate mold, the hole diameter of each mold was 1 cm, and the mold was filled with base material. The pet food containing lactoferrin micro-pellets was obtained by drying and molding.

[0030] Comparative Example 3 The difference between this comparative example and Example 4 is that no lactofat globule membrane protein is added, and the specific process is as follows: S1. Preparation of probiotic microcapsules: 0.1 parts of Lactobacillus rhamnosus powder, 0.1 parts of Lactobacillus reuteri powder and 0.1 parts of Bifidobacterium powder were mixed with 10 parts of flaxseed oil. 0.8 parts of soybean oligosaccharide, 0.2 parts of yeast selenium and 99 parts of water were dissolved by ultrasonic for 15 min to prepare a complex solution. The complex solution was mixed with flaxseed oil, homogenized at 5000 rpm for 5 min, and freeze-dried to obtain probiotic microcapsules; S2. Preparation of probiotic-lactoferrin core: the prepared probiotic microcapsules, 14 parts of lactoferrin and 3 parts of lentinus edodes powder were mixed with appropriate amount of water, then the material was obtained by stirring with sweet potato powder. The water content of the material was controlled at 30wt.%, and the material was extruded into strip through a 2.5mm screen plate, and then was rolled into a core in a 600 rpm roller. S3. Preparation of coating liquid: chitosan, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose succinate, glycerol, sodium chloride, vitamin C, vitamin E and water were mixed and stirred uniformly at a mass ratio of 0.5:5:1:0.1:0.1:0.05:80 to obtain the coating liquid. S4. Preparation of probiotic-lactoferrin micro-pellets: the core and 20 parts of coating liquid were formed in a centrifugal granulator, and the lactoferrin micro-pellets were prepared by fluidized bed drying. The parameters of the centrifugal granulator were as follows: centrifugal speed was 400 rpm, liquid spraying rate was 10 mL / min, inlet air temperature was 40℃, and inlet air temperature of the fluidized bed was 50℃; S5. Preparation of pet food: chicken 60 parts, duck 5 parts, chicken liver 2 parts, chicken heart 2 parts, fish oil 1 part were crushed, purple sweet potato 4 parts, cellulose 2 parts, beer yeast powder 2 parts, fruit and vegetable powder 2 parts were crushed, sterilized, mixed and conditioned to prepare the base material. One micro-pellet was placed in each hole of the whole plate mold, the hole diameter of each mold was 1 cm, and the mold was filled with base material. The pet food containing lactoferrin micro-pellets was obtained by drying and molding.

[0031] Comparative Example 4 The difference between this comparative example and Example 4 is that no soybean oligosaccharides are added, and the details are as follows: S1. Preparation of probiotic microcapsules: 0.1 parts of Lactobacillus rhamnosus powder, 0.1 parts of Lactobacillus reuteri powder, and 0.1 parts of Bifidobacterium powder are mixed with 10 parts of flaxseed oil, 0.2 parts of yeast selenium, and 1 part of milk fat globule membrane protein are added to 98 parts of water, and dissolved by ultrasonic treatment at 500 W for 15 min to prepare a complex solution. The complex solution is mixed with flaxseed oil, homogenized at 5000 rpm for 5 min, and freeze-dried to obtain probiotic microcapsules; S2. Preparation of probiotic-lactoferrin pellet cores: the prepared probiotic microcapsules, 14 parts of lactoferrin, and 3 parts of shiitake mushroom powder are mixed with an appropriate amount of water to obtain a material, and then 3 parts of sweet potato powder are added and stirred to obtain a material with a water content of 30 wt.%. The material is extruded into a strip through a 2.5 mm screen plate, and then rolled into a pellet core in a 600 rpm roller compactor; S3. Preparation of coating liquid: chitosan, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose acetate succinate, glycerol, sodium chloride, vitamin C, vitamin E, and water are mixed in a mass ratio of 0.5:5:1:0.1:0.1:0.05:80 to obtain a coating liquid; S4. Preparation of probiotic-lactoferrin pellets: the pellet cores are formed with 20 parts of the coating liquid in a centrifugal granulator, and dried in a fluidized bed to obtain lactoferrin pellets. The parameters of the centrifugal granulator are a centrifugal speed of 400 rpm, a liquid spraying rate of 10 mL / min, an inlet air temperature of 40°C, and an inlet air temperature of the fluidized bed of 50°C; S5. Preparation of pet food: chicken meat 60 parts, duck meat 5 parts, chicken liver 2 parts, chicken heart 2 parts, fish oil 1 part are crushed, purple sweet potato 4 parts, cellulose 2 parts, beer yeast powder 2 parts, fruit and vegetable powder 2 parts are crushed, sterilized, mixed, and conditioned to prepare a base material. One pellet is placed in each hole of the whole plate mold, the hole diameter of each hole of the mold is 1 cm, and the mold is filled with the base material. The pet food containing probiotic-lactoferrin pellets is obtained by drying and forming.

[0032] Comparative Example 5 The difference between this comparative example and Example 4 is that no shiitake mushroom powder is added, and the details are as follows: S1. Preparation of probiotic microcapsules: 0.1 parts of Lactobacillus rhamnosus powder, 0.1 parts of Lactobacillus reuteri powder, and 0.1 parts of Bifidobacterium powder are mixed with 10 parts of flaxseed oil, 0.8 parts of soybean oligosaccharides, 0.2 parts of yeast selenium, and 1 part of milk fat globule membrane protein are added to 98 parts of water, and dissolved by ultrasonic treatment at 500 W for 15 min to prepare a complex solution. The complex solution is mixed with flaxseed oil, homogenized at 5000 rpm for 5 min, and freeze-dried to obtain probiotic microcapsules; S2. Preparation of probiotic-lactoferrin pellet core: the prepared probiotic microcapsules, 14 parts of lactoferrin, and an appropriate amount of water were mixed uniformly, and then sweet potato powder was added and stirred to obtain a material, the water content of the material was controlled at 30 wt.%, and the material was extruded into a strip through a 2.5 mm screen plate, and then was placed in a 600 rpm roller compactor to roll into a pellet core; S3. Preparation of coating liquid: chitosan, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose acetate succinate, glycerol, sodium chloride, vitamin C, vitamin E, and water were mixed and stirred uniformly at a mass ratio of 0.5:5:1:0.1:0.1:0.05:80 to obtain a coating liquid; S4. Preparation of probiotic-lactoferrin pellets: the pellet core was formed with 20 parts of the coating liquid in a centrifugal granulator, and lactoferrin pellets were prepared by drying in a fluidized bed, the parameters of the centrifugal granulator were a centrifugal speed of 400 rpm, a liquid spraying rate of 10 mL / min, an air inlet temperature of 40°C, and an air inlet temperature of the fluidized bed of 50°C; S5. Preparation of pet food: chicken meat 60 parts, duck meat 5 parts, chicken liver 2 parts, chicken heart 2 parts, fish oil 1 part were crushed, purple sweet potato 4 parts, cellulose 2 parts, beer yeast powder 2 parts, fruit and vegetable powder 2 parts were crushed, sterilized, mixed, and conditioned to prepare a base material, 1 pellet was placed in each hole of an integral plate mold, the hole diameter of each of the mold was 1 cm, the base material was filled in the mold, and the pet food containing the probiotic-lactoferrin pellets was dried and formed.

[0033] Index test (1) The body weight, body shape of each cat during the experiment, and the living environment before and after the experiment were kept consistent. They were divided into groups, 10 cats in each group, and the food was put in every day for the dogs to eat freely. They were raised in the same environment for 1 month, the average daily food intake of each cat was recorded, and the body weight was measured after the experiment.

[0034] The experimental results are shown in Table 1, the daily food intake of the pets in the example group during the experiment was slightly higher than that in the control group, and the body weight increase was also slightly greater than that in the control group, which indicated that the nutritional intake and body weight growth of the pets in the example group during the experiment were slightly better than those in the control group. High food intake indicates that the example has better palatability. Proportion 3 does not add lactoferrin globule membrane protein, which may cause the probiotics not to be wrapped well, resulting in an impact on the flavor and a decrease in food intake. Proportion 1 may be a change in structure, resulting in a change in taste. Proportion 5 has no shiitake powder, and the food intake rate is the lowest, which indicates that the flavor of shiitake has a certain attractiveness to cats.

[0035] Table 1 Effect of probiotic-lactoferrin pellets on the feeding performance of pet cats (2) The appearance of the feces of each pet cat was scored before feeding every day, and the scoring standard is shown in Table 2.

[0036] According to the scoring criteria, when the feces score is 3-4 points, the normal defecation form indicates that the intestinal function of the pet cat is in the best state. The results are shown in Table 3. The score of the example is between 3-4 points. The amount of probiotics added in Example 3 is smaller, which may cause the feces to be slightly drier than other examples. Comparative Example 1 does not have a coating, which may not allow the slow release of functional substances, resulting in a tendency for the pet cat to have diarrhea. Comparative Example 2 has no probiotics, which results in a tendency for the pet cat to have constipation, indicating that probiotics help intestinal peristalsis.

[0037] Table 2 Feces Scoring Criteria Table 3 Feces Scoring of Pet Cats (3) Before the end of the test period, inactivated antigens were injected into the cat, and each animal was subjected to four-limb venous blood sampling by the animal hospital, injected into a special blood collection tube, and the blood immunoglobulin and inflammatory factor interleukin IL-6 were measured, as well as the blood antioxidant index.

[0038] The results are shown in Table 4. After injection of antigens, there were significant differences in the content of immunoglobulin in the body of each group of cats. The concentration of IgA and IgM in Example 4 was significantly higher than that of all comparative examples, indicating that the pet food prepared in Example 4 may have a significant promoting effect on the production of these antibodies, indicating that the immunity is improved. The content of each immunoglobulin in Comparative Example 1 is relatively low, indicating that the immune response to antigens is slower, indicating that the immunity of the cat fed with Comparative Example 1 is poor. Comparative Example 5 has relatively small differences, which indicates that shiitake mushroom powder has a small effect on the immunity of pet cats.

[0039] The blood antioxidant index is shown in Table 5. The total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) of Example 4 is the highest, while the MDA of Comparative Examples 4 and 5 is higher, indicating that the cell membrane lipid is most severely oxidized and damaged. Comparative Example 3 does not add fat globule membrane protein, and the content of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) is the lowest. These can reflect the antioxidant capacity of the body. Individuals with strong antioxidant capacity can better protect cells from oxidative damage, thereby maintaining the normal function of the immune system.

[0040] Table 4 Effect of probiotic-lactoferrin pellets on blood immune indexes of pet cats Table 5 Effect of probiotic-lactoferrin pellets on blood antioxidant indexes of pet cats The above merely describes preferred embodiments of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application in any form. Any person skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and technical solutions of the present application, can make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solutions of the present application, or modify equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent replacement, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present application, without departing from the technical solutions of the present application, still belongs to the protection scope of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. A pet food containing probiotic-lactoferrin microspheres, characterized in that, The raw materials, calculated by weight, include: 0.1-0.3 parts probiotic powder, 0.5-1 parts soybean oligosaccharides, 1-2 parts milk fat globule membrane protein, 0.2-0.5 parts yeast selenium, 10-25 parts flaxseed oil, 10-14 parts lactoferrin, 3-5 parts shiitake mushroom powder, 3-5 parts sweet potato powder, 10-30 parts coating solution, 70-90 parts animal-derived raw materials, and 10-20 parts plant-derived raw materials.

2. The pet food containing probiotic-lactoferrin microspheres according to claim 1, characterized in that: The probiotic powder is a composition of Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus reuteri, and Bifidobacterium.

3. The pet food containing probiotic-lactoferrin microspheres according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coating solution is formulated with 0.5-3 parts chitosan, 5-12 parts hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acetate succinate, 1-3 parts glycerol, 0.1-0.5 parts sodium chloride, 0.05-0.2 parts vitamin C, 0.01-0.1 parts vitamin E, and 80-90 parts water.

4. The pet food containing probiotic-lactoferrin microspheres according to claim 1, characterized in that: The animal-based ingredients consist of 60-80 parts chicken, 5-10 parts duck, 2-5 parts chicken liver, 2-5 parts chicken heart, and 1-2 parts fish oil; the plant-based ingredients consist of 2-5 parts purple sweet potato, 1-3 parts cellulose, 1-3 parts brewer's yeast powder, and 1-3 parts fruit and vegetable powder.

5. A method for preparing a pet food containing probiotic-lactoferrin microspheres according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Preparation of probiotic microcapsules: Probiotic powder is mixed with flaxseed oil, and soybean oligosaccharides, yeast selenium and milk fat globule membrane protein are dissolved in water by ultrasonication to prepare a complex solution. The complex solution is mixed with flaxseed oil, homogenized, and freeze-dried to obtain probiotic microcapsules. S2. Preparation of probiotic-lactoferrin pellet core: Probiotic microcapsules, lactoferrin and shiitake mushroom powder are mixed with water evenly, and then sweet potato flour is added and stirred to obtain the material. The material is extruded through an extrusion sieve plate into strips and placed in a rounding machine to be rounded into pellet cores. S3. Preparation of probiotic-lactoferrin microcapsules: The core and coating solution were formed in a centrifugal granulator and dried in a fluidized bed to obtain lactoferrin microcapsules; S4. Pet food preparation: Animal and plant raw materials are pretreated to prepare a base material. One micro pellet is placed in each hole of the mold, and the mold is filled with the base material. After drying, pet food containing probiotic-lactoferrin micro pellets is obtained.

6. The method for preparing a pet food containing probiotic-lactoferrin microspheres according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S1, the concentration of the complex solution is 1-3 wt.%, the ultrasonic power is 500-800 W, and the ultrasonic time is 10-15 min; the mixing and homogenization speed is 5000-8000 rpm, and the time is 3-5 min.

7. The method for preparing a pet food containing probiotic-lactoferrin microspheres according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S2, the material has a moisture content of 20-45 wt.%, a sieve aperture of 2-3 mm, and a rolling mill speed of 200-600 rpm.

8. The method for preparing a pet food containing probiotic-lactoferrin microspheres according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S3, the coating solution is composed of chitosan, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acetate succinate, glycerol, sodium chloride, vitamin C, vitamin E and water in a mass ratio of (0.5-3):(5-12):(1-3):(0.1-0.5):(0.05-0.2):(0.01-0.1):(80-90).

9. The method for preparing a pet food containing probiotic-lactoferrin microspheres according to claim 5, characterized in that: The parameters of the centrifugal granulator in step S3 are as follows: centrifugal speed is 200-400 rpm, liquid spraying rate is 5-20 mL / min, and air inlet temperature is 35-50℃; the air inlet temperature of the fluidized bed is 40-60℃.

10. The method for preparing a pet food containing probiotic-lactoferrin microspheres according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pretreatment in step S4 includes crushing, sterilization, mixing and conditioning; the aperture of each mold is 0.7-1.5cm.

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