Dust removal method in coal transportation process

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of coal transportation, and discloses a dust removal method in a coal transportation process, which comprises the following steps: S1, after coal is stacked in a carriage of a transportation vehicle, uniformly spraying a surface curing agent on the surface of a coal pile so as to form a dustproof film on the surface of the coal pile; s2, the compartment is closed so that disturbance of external disordered airflow to coal in the compartment can be avoided, and airflow guide plates are distributed on the side wall of the compartment; and S3, in the running process of the vehicle, air above the surface of the coal pile in the compartment is sucked through a draught fan, so that air outside the compartment enters the compartment through an airflow guide plate, skims over the outer surface of the coal pile to flow to the top of the compartment, and is exhausted into the atmosphere through a purification pipeline and a purifier communicated with the purification pipeline. Therefore, the coal dust airflow formed in the carriage in the running process of the vehicle is eliminated.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of coal transportation, in particular to a dust removal method in the process of coal transportation. BACKGROUND

[0002] Coal will produce a large amount of coal dust in the process of mining, processing, storage and transportation, which not only causes serious pollution to the environment, but also harms the health of workers. The dust generated in the process of large-scale open coal yard transportation is one of the main sources of dust in the coal yard. Therefore, in order to prevent or reduce dust, dust removal treatment is needed in the process of coal transportation.

[0003] At present, the dust removal methods include covering dust suppression, water spraying dust suppression, spraying dust suppressant, fully enclosed transportation and adding bag dust collector, etc. Among them, covering dust suppression means covering the coal transportation vehicle with a tarpaulin or dustproof net to suppress dust. Although this method is effective, it needs to invest a lot of time and effort, and once the tarpaulin is damaged, the dust suppression effect will be greatly reduced, and it is also not suitable for automatic loading and unloading system. Water spraying dust suppression means spraying water on the surface of coal to suppress dust. This method is suitable for temporary dust suppression, but it consumes a lot of electric energy and water resources, and is not suitable for cities or regions with scarce resources, and the evaporation of water will reduce the humidity of coal. Spraying dust suppressant means spraying liquid or solid dust suppressant on the surface of coal to form a solidified layer to suppress dust. Among them, the liquid dust suppressant is large in volume and inconvenient to transport, and the solid dust suppressant has complicated use steps. Fully enclosed transportation means completely enclosing coal in a container to fundamentally avoid dust. This method is contradictory to the automatic loading and unloading system, and is difficult to popularize on a large scale. Adding bag dust collector is suitable for capturing small, dry and non-fibrous coal dust, and has the advantages of high efficiency, no need of pre-dust removal equipment and treatment of high concentration mixed gas flow. However, due to the dispersion of coal loading point and the opening around, the investment is large and the effect is poor.

[0004] It can be seen that the current dust removal method of coal in the transportation process has the technical problems of high investment cost, waste of resources, poor dust removal effect, inconvenient operation and difficult popularization. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to solve the technical problems of high investment cost, waste of resources, poor dust removal effect, inconvenient operation and difficult popularization of the current dust removal method of coal in the transportation process, the present application provides a dust removal method in the process of coal transportation.

[0006] The present application provides a dust removal method in the process of coal transportation, which comprises the following steps: Step S1, after the coal is stacked on the carriage of the transportation vehicle, the surface of the coal stack is uniformly sprayed with a surface solidifying agent to form a dustproof film on the surface of the coal stack; Step S2, the vehicle compartment is closed to avoid the outside turbulent air flow to disturb the coal in the vehicle compartment, wherein the side wall of the vehicle compartment is provided with air flow guide plates; Step S3, during the vehicle driving, the air above the surface of the coal pile in the vehicle compartment is sucked by the fan, so that the air outside the vehicle compartment enters the vehicle compartment through the air flow guide plates, flows over the outer surface of the coal pile to the top of the vehicle compartment, and is discharged into the atmosphere through the purification pipeline and the purifier communicated with the purification pipeline.

[0007] Optionally, the fan and the purifier are arranged at the bottom of the vehicle compartment, the inlet end of the purification pipeline is communicated to the dust outlet at the top of the vehicle compartment, the outlet end is communicated to the inlet of the purifier, and the fan is connected to the outlet of the purifier.

[0008] Optionally, the purification pipeline is arranged to extend from the dust outlet to bypass the front end of the vehicle compartment, and return to the bottom of the vehicle compartment to communicate with the purifier.

[0009] Optionally, the surface curing agent comprises organic polymer, inorganic adhesive, surfactant and dispersant.

[0010] Optionally, the air flow guide plate comprises a peak eye air permeable plate and an air flow guide unit arranged on the side of the peak eye air permeable plate facing the vehicle compartment, the peak eye air permeable plate is formed with a plurality of holes for sucking air from the outside of the vehicle compartment, and the air flow guide unit is arranged to guide the air to flow directionally above the surface of the coal pile in the vehicle compartment.

[0011] Optionally, the air flow guide unit comprises a hole plate formed with a plurality of air holes, and an arc-shaped flow guide plate extending from the hole plate to the inside of the vehicle compartment, so that the air flows obliquely upward above the coal pile under the guidance of the arc-shaped flow guide plate.

[0012] Optionally, a ventilation pipeline in the form of an air flow channel is formed on the inner surface of the top wall of the vehicle compartment, and in step S3, the air above the coal pile is sucked into the purification pipeline through the air flow channel.

[0013] Optionally, an electrostatic adsorption device is arranged at the loading port and / or unloading port of the vehicle compartment, and the electrostatic adsorption device is started and adsorbs the coal dust around the loading port and / or unloading port during the process of loading coal into the vehicle compartment and / or unloading coal from the vehicle compartment.

[0014] Optionally, the power supply of the electrostatic adsorption device outputs a voltage of 10-50 kilovolts and a current of 0.1-1 milliampere.

[0015] Optionally, during the process of loading coal into the car and / or unloading coal from the car, the coal dust concentration around the loading port and / or the discharge port is detected by using a coal dust concentration sensor, and the working parameters of the electrostatic adsorption device are adjusted according to the coal dust concentration detected by the coal dust concentration sensor.

[0016] The dust removal method provided by the present application can form a thin and tough protective film on the surface of the coal after the coal is loaded into the car, which can bond the coal particles together and reduce the coal dust flying caused by friction and collision during transportation. The coal dust generated during transportation can be transported to the purification pipeline by suction of the car, and then be treated by the purifier for dust removal, thereby significantly reducing the generation and diffusion of coal dust during transportation. The dust removal method reduces energy waste, has low cost, is convenient to operate, is suitable for various transportation scenes, reduces the influence on the quality of coal, improves the dust removal efficiency and environmental protection performance, and ensures the safety and stability of the transportation process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of a transport vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is a structural schematic view of the tail of a transport vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0018] REFERENCE SIGNS 1, car; 2, air flow guide plate; 3, fan; 4, purifier; 5, purification pipeline; 6, dust outlet; 7, discharge port; 8, electrostatic adsorption device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present application, and are not used to limit the present application.

[0020] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The dust removal method for coal transportation according to the present application includes the following steps: Step S1, after the coal is stacked into the car 1 of the transport vehicle, a surface curing agent is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the coal stack to form a dustproof film on the surface of the coal stack, thereby inhibiting the diffusion of coal dust (powdered coal) on the surface of the coal stack during transportation.

[0021] At the same time, due to the complex gap between the coal, it is impossible to form a channel directly from the inside or bottom of the coal pile to the outside, thereby reducing the flowability of the internal and bottom coal dust. Therefore, the coal dust inside and at the bottom of the coal pile is difficult to flow to the outside environment through the surface, further effectively controlling the diffusion of the coal dust. This structure effectively reduces the risk of coal dust leakage during transportation.

[0022] Step S2, the vehicle compartment 1 is closed to avoid the disturbance of the outside turbulent airflow to the coal in the vehicle compartment 1, wherein the side wall of the vehicle compartment 1 is provided with an airflow guide plate 2, which can guide the outside turbulent airflow and guide the airflow to be stable and directional flow through the guide effect.

[0023] Step S3, during the driving of the vehicle, the fan 3 is used to suck the gas above the surface of the coal pile in the vehicle compartment 1, so that the air outside the vehicle compartment 1 enters the vehicle compartment 1 through the airflow guide plate 2 and flows to the top of the vehicle compartment 1 under the guidance of the airflow guide plate 2, passes through the purification pipeline 5 and the purifier 4 connected by the purification pipeline 5, and is treated by the purifier 4. Dust, discharged into the atmosphere, to discharge the coal dust gas accumulated between the outer surface of the coal pile and the top of the vehicle compartment 1 (the area where the coal dust gas mainly accumulates). At the same time, by updating the air in the vehicle compartment 1, the flow of the airflow is used to reduce the temperature in the vehicle compartment 1, thereby avoiding coal spontaneous combustion and reducing the release of volatile substances of the coal pile, and effectively preventing the coal pile from generating more coal dust due to high temperature, further improving the safety and stability during transportation.

[0024] Therefore, compared with the prior art, the present application can significantly reduce the generation and diffusion of coal dust during coal transportation. The dust removal method reduces energy waste, has low cost, is convenient to operate, is suitable for various transportation scenes, reduces the influence on the quality of coal, improves the dust removal efficiency and environmental protection performance, and ensures the safety and stability during transportation.

[0025] The process of spraying the solidifying agent in step S1 can be performed after the coal is accumulated in the vehicle compartment 1. The vehicle drives to the spraying area set in the loading site, and a spraying device is used to spray the solidifying agent on the surface of the coal accumulated in the vehicle compartment 1. The spraying device can include a pressure pump, a liquid storage tank connected to the pressure pump, and a spray gun connected to the liquid storage tank through a pipeline. The pressure pump applies pressure to the liquid storage tank to drive the surface solidifying agent in the liquid storage tank to be sprayed out through the spray head of the spray gun and sprayed onto the surface of the coal pile.

[0026] In some embodiments, reference is made to Figure 1The fan 3 and the purifier 4 are arranged at the bottom of the carriage 1, and the inlet end of the purification pipeline 5 is communicated to the dust outlet 6 at the top of the carriage 1 to allow the fan 3 to suck the coal dust gas flow from the top of the carriage 1 through the purification pipeline 5. The outlet end of the purification pipeline 5 is communicated to the inlet of the purifier 4, and the fan 3 is connected to the purifier 4 to enable the coal dust gas flow to enter the purifier 4 through the purification pipeline 5.

[0027] The purifier 4 is provided with a pre-filter screen, a medium-efficiency filter screen and a high-efficiency filter screen arranged in sequence along the direction of the coal dust flow, so that the coal dust can be purified to prevent direct emission into the atmosphere.

[0028] The pre-filter screen has a pore size of not less than 5 microns to intercept large-particle coal dust and prevent the subsequent filter screens from being blocked; the medium-efficiency filter screen has a pore size of 1-5 microns to intercept small coal dust particles and reduce the burden on the high-efficiency filter screen; and the high-efficiency filter screen has a pore size of 0.1-0.3 microns to intercept particles of 0.3 microns or above.

[0029] Further, the filter screens are regularly checked to replace the corresponding filter screens according to the degree of coal dust pollution, wherein the pre-filter screen can be replaced once a week to twice a week, the medium-efficiency filter screen can be replaced once every two months to three months, and the high-efficiency filter screen can be replaced once every six months to 12 months to ensure the purification effect.

[0030] Further, the power of the fan 3 is usually between 1 kW and 5 kW, which can be selected according to the size of the carriage 1 and the coal loading capacity. Within this power range, the fan 3 can control the flow rate of the airflow in the carriage 1 to be between 0.5 m / s and 2 m / s. Within this flow rate range, the airflow can effectively carry away the coal dust in the top area of the carriage 1 without significantly affecting the stacking form of the coal, thereby ensuring the coal dust control during transportation without disturbing the stable stacking of the coal.

[0031] In the present application, the purification pipeline 5 can be arranged to extend from the dust outlet to the front end of the carriage 1 (the end of the carriage 1 close to the vehicle head), turn back to the bottom of the carriage 1, and communicate with the purifier 4. It can be understood that most of the purification pipeline 5 is located in the area between the carriage 1 and the vehicle head and the bottom of the carriage 1, and such a layout can effectively avoid scratching during the vehicle gathering or other complex operations, thereby reducing the risk of pipeline damage.

[0032] In some embodiments, the surface curing agent contains organic polymers (such as polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylate, etc.), inorganic adhesives (such as sodium silicate, bentonite, etc.), surfactants and dispersants to ensure good spraying performance and curing effect. By controlling the spraying amount and curing time, the amount of coal dust generated during transportation can be reduced by 60%-80%.

[0033] The organic polymer is 5-15%, preferably 10%, which forms a network structure to enhance the adhesion and inhibit the secondary dusting of coal dust particles; the inorganic binder is 5-15%, preferably 5%, which provides physical support and improves the weather resistance and wear resistance of the coating; the surfactant is 8-15%, preferably 10%, which reduces the surface tension of the liquid, enhances the wettability and permeability, and increases the contact area between the dust suppressant and coal dust; and the dispersant is 3-8%, preferably 5%, which prevents particle agglomeration and maintains the suspension stability through electrostatic repulsion or steric hindrance effect.

[0034] Further, the spraying thickness of the surface curing agent is controlled to be between 0.1-0.5 mm. Meanwhile, for coal with small particle size and easy dusting, the concentration and spraying amount of the surface curing agent are appropriately increased, but the stability and combustion performance of the coal during transportation are not affected. Therefore, by controlling the spraying amount and curing time, the amount of dust generated during transportation of the coal can be reduced by 60-80% in the present application.

[0035] In some embodiments, the air flow guide plate 2 can include a peak eye air permeable plate formed with a plurality of holes for drawing in air from outside the carriage 1, and an air flow guide unit provided on the side of the peak eye air permeable plate facing the inside of the carriage 1, the air flow guide unit being configured to guide the air flow to flow directionally and stably over the surface of the coal pile in the carriage 1, thereby renewing the air in the area.

[0036] Further, the air flow guide unit includes a hole plate formed with a plurality of air holes, the number of air holes of the hole plate being significantly lower than the number of holes of the peak eye air permeable plate, and the hole plate is connected to the outer periphery of the peak eye air permeable plate by four sealing plates to seal the periphery of the hole plate and the peak eye air permeable plate, so that the air between the two can only flow into the carriage 1 through the air holes of the hole plate. At the same time, the space between the hole plate and the peak eye air permeable plate can buffer the turbulent air flow entering through the peak eye air permeable plate, and the air will encounter a certain resistance when passing through the hole plate. This resistance will consume the kinetic energy of the air flow, thereby reducing the flow rate of the air and ultimately changing into laminar flow through the air holes and flowing into the carriage 1.

[0037] Specifically, when the air flows through each hole of the hole plate, it will be blocked and rubbed by the hole plate, causing the speed of the air flow to gradually decrease and tend to be stable. The kinetic energy of the air flow is converted into heat energy through contact with the surface of the hole plate and friction at the edges of the holes, thereby achieving the attenuation of the air flow speed.

[0038] In the present application, the side of the hole plate facing the carriage 1 is provided with an arc-shaped guide plate extending from the hole plate into the carriage 1, so that the air flows obliquely upward to the top of the coal pile under the guidance of the arc-shaped guide plate.

[0039] The shape of the arc-shaped guide plate can be a curved plate, with the curved part located on the side of the hole plate facing the carriage 1 and gradually curved upward along the flow direction of the air flow, forming an inclined upward streamlined guide surface to guide the air output by the ventilation holes to flow over the coal pile.

[0040] The hole plate can be provided with multiple rows of ventilation holes, which can be evenly distributed along the length direction of the hole plate (i.e. the height direction of the carriage 1). In each row of ventilation holes, multiple ventilation holes are arranged evenly along the width direction of the hole plate to ensure uniform distribution of air flow. In addition, an arc-shaped guide plate can be provided below each row of ventilation holes on the hole plate. The width of the arc-shaped guide plate is similar to the width of the hole plate to ensure that the air output by each row of ventilation holes can be guided by the corresponding arc-shaped guide plate, thereby stably flowing to the top of the coal pile.

[0041] It should be noted that the spacing between each row of ventilation holes should not be less than the thickness of the starting end of the arc-shaped guide plate to avoid blocking the ventilation holes below the arc-shaped guide plate.

[0042] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 1 , the inner surface of the top wall of the carriage 1 is formed with a ventilation duct of an air flow channel, and in step S3, the gas above the coal pile is sucked into the purification duct 5 through the air flow channel.

[0043] The ventilation duct can include a starting section connected to the dust outlet hole and extending along the length of the carriage 1 to the tail of the carriage 1, and multiple second sections connected to the side wall of the first section, which are arranged to extend downward from the first section so that air flows into the first section through the second section and finally into the purification duct 5.

[0044] In some embodiments, an electrostatic adsorption device 8 is arranged at the loading port and / or unloading port of the carriage 1, which is activated and adsorbs the coal dust around the loading port and / or unloading port during the loading and / or unloading of coal into the carriage 1, thereby ensuring that the dust generated during the loading and unloading of coal can be adsorbed in time, reducing the pollution to the environment.

[0045] The electrode plate of the electrostatic adsorption device 8 is usually made of stainless steel to ensure its good corrosion resistance and structural strength. In order to improve the adsorption efficiency and prolong the service life, the surface of the electrode plate can be coated with an antistatic coating, which can enhance the adsorption capacity of the electrode plate surface to coal dust and improve the overall working efficiency of the electrostatic device.

[0046] The electrostatic adsorption device 8 can be provided with two, one of which is located beside the air flow guide plate 2, and the other is located on the wall of the carriage 1 opposite to the air flow guide plate 2, and the two electrostatic adsorption devices 8 are at the same height. Of course, in other embodiments, the electrostatic adsorption device 8 can be provided at other positions or other arbitrary numbers, which will not be described in detail herein.

[0047] In the present application, the loading port is provided at the top of the carriage 1, and the loading port is closed or opened by the openable and closable door; the unloading port 7 can be provided below the air flow guide plate 2, and is closed and opened by the same openable and closable door. After the coal is loaded through the roof and the surface curing agent in step S1 is sprayed, the door is closed to realize the closure of the inside of the carriage 1 to form a favorable gas closed environment.

[0048] It should be noted that the closed carriage 1 described in the present application does not require the carriage 1 to be completely sealed, and there can be some small gaps around the carriage 1. Although these small gaps allow air flow to penetrate into the carriage 1, the disturbance caused by the low flow rate is almost negligible.

[0049] In addition, even if the air flow enters the coal pile, due to the complex gap structure between the coal blocks, the flow direction of the air flow will change during the flow process, resulting in that most of the coal dust carried is effectively separated out under the action of inertia. At the same time, under the continuous suction of the fan 3, the air flow entering the carriage 1 will be finally sucked into the purifier 4, and a small amount of coal dust particles carried by the air flow will also be purified. After dust removal, the purified air will be discharged into the atmosphere.

[0050] The above-mentioned ventilation pipe should avoid the loading port at the top of the carriage 1 to avoid damaging the ventilation pipe when loading coal.

[0051] In some embodiments, the output voltage of the power supply of the electrostatic adsorption device 8 is 10-50 kilovolts, and the current is 0.1-1 milliampere. In the present application, the output voltage of the power supply of the electrostatic adsorption device 8 can be adjusted according to the concentration of coal dust and other parameters.

[0052] Further, during the process of loading coal into the carriage 1 and / or unloading coal from the carriage 1, the coal dust concentration sensor is used to detect the coal dust concentration around the loading port and / or the unloading port, and the working parameters of the electrostatic adsorption device 8 are adjusted according to the coal dust concentration detected by the coal dust concentration sensor, including but not limited to adsorption voltage, adsorption strength or working time, so as to realize accurate control and efficient management of coal dust.

[0053] The preferred embodiments of the present application are described in detail above with reference to the drawings, but the present application is not limited thereto. Various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present application within the technical concept of the present application. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present application does not further describe various possible combination manners. However, these simple modifications and combinations should also be regarded as the disclosed content of the present application, and all fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A dust removal method during coal transportation, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: After the coal is piled into the compartment (1) of the transport vehicle, a surface curing agent is evenly sprayed onto the surface of the coal pile to form a dustproof film on the surface of the coal pile. Step S2: Close the car (1) to prevent the turbulent airflow from disturbing the coal inside the car (1). The side wall of the car (1) is provided with airflow guide plates (2). Step S3: During the vehicle's operation, the blower (3) draws in the gas above the coal pile inside the carriage (1) so that the air outside the carriage (1) enters the carriage (1) through the airflow guide plate (2), flows over the outer surface of the coal pile to the top of the carriage (1), and is discharged into the atmosphere through the purification pipe (5) and the purifier (4) connected to the purification pipe (5).

2. The dust removal method during coal transportation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fan (3) and the purifier (4) are both arranged at the bottom of the carriage (1). The inlet end of the purification pipe (5) is connected to the dust outlet (6) at the top of the carriage (1), and the outlet end is connected to the purifier (4). The fan (3) is connected to the outlet of the purifier (4).

3. The dust removal method during coal transportation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The purification pipe (5) is arranged to extend from the dust outlet (6) to and around the front end of the carriage (1), and turn back to the bottom of the carriage (1) to connect to the purifier (4).

4. The dust removal method during coal transportation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface curing agent comprises an organic polymer, an inorganic binder, a surfactant, and a dispersant.

5. The dust removal method during coal transportation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The airflow guide plate (2) includes a peak eye ventilation plate and an airflow guiding unit disposed on the side of the peak eye ventilation plate facing the inside of the car body (1). The peak eye ventilation plate is formed with a plurality of holes for drawing air from the outside of the car body (1). The airflow guiding unit is configured to guide the air to flow in a directional direction to the surface of the coal pile inside the car body (1).

6. The dust removal method during coal transportation according to claim 5, characterized in that, The airflow guiding unit includes an orifice plate with multiple ventilation holes and an arc-shaped guide plate extending from the orifice plate into the carriage (1) so that air flows obliquely upward above the coal pile under the guidance of the arc-shaped guide plate.

7. The dust removal method during coal transportation according to claim 1, characterized in that, A ventilation duct with an airflow channel is formed on the inner surface of the top wall of the carriage (1). In step S3, the gas above the coal pile is drawn into the purification duct (5) through the airflow channel.

8. The dust removal method during coal transportation according to claim 1, characterized in that, An electrostatic adsorption device (8) is installed at the loading port and / or unloading port of the carriage (1). During the process of loading coal into the carriage (1) and / or unloading coal from the carriage (1), the electrostatic adsorption device (8) is activated and adsorbs coal dust around the loading port and / or unloading port.

9. The dust removal method during coal transportation according to claim 8, characterized in that, The power output voltage of the electrostatic adsorption device (8) is 10-50 kV and the current is 0.1-1 mA.

10. The dust removal method during coal transportation according to claim 9, characterized in that, During the loading and / or unloading of coal into and from the car body (1), a coal dust concentration sensor is used to detect the coal dust concentration around the loading port and / or unloading port, and the operating parameters of the electrostatic adsorption device (8) are adjusted according to the coal dust concentration detected by the coal dust concentration sensor.

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