Machining method for rectangular wedge hole of outer ring of high-precision thin-wall bearing with elastic supporting structure
The high-precision machining method for rectangular wedge holes in the outer ring of thin-walled bearings with elastic support structure solves the problems of low machining accuracy and easy deformation of rectangular wedge holes in the outer ring of thin-walled bearings, and achieves high-precision and high-efficiency machining results.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511066580.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-31
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-18
AI Technical Summary
In the existing technology, the rectangular wedge hole of the outer ring of thin-walled bearing has low machining accuracy, is easy to deform, and has low machining efficiency, making it difficult to guarantee the shape and size accuracy of the hole.
The high-precision thin-walled bearing outer ring rectangular wedge hole machining method with elastic support structure includes positioning and clamping, roughing, semi-finishing and finishing steps. It uses a turning and milling compound machine tool and drills and milling cutters of different diameters for multiple machining operations, combined with reasonable cutting parameters and clamping methods to avoid crossbeam deformation.
It improves the machining accuracy of rectangular wedge holes, reduces beam deformation, enhances bearing performance and reliability, increases machining accuracy by 0.5 times, avoids vibration defects during finishing, and improves machining efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN120962310A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of bearing processing, in particular to a high-precision thin-wall bearing outer ring rectangular wedge hole processing method with an elastic supporting structure. BACKGROUND
[0002] With the use of bearings and the improvement of mechanical properties, the complexity of bearings has also changed accordingly. In order to reduce the overall weight of the engine and the number of parts, the parts and bearings are gradually designed to be integrated, and the degree of integration is higher and higher. The integrated structure of bearings with squirrel cage elastic support structure gradually increases, and the processing and manufacturing of integrated bearings with new materials and new structures have higher requirements on processing technology. In the manufacturing of thin-wall high-precision bearings, the processing of squirrel cage strips has always been a problem. The rectangular wedge hole of the bearing ring, as a key component of the bearing, has a decisive influence on the performance of the bearing.
[0003] The rectangular wedge hole is located on the outer surface of the flange plate outer diameter side of the sleeve, and the beam wall thickness of the rectangular wedge hole is 3.3mm, and there are 36 evenly distributed positions and structures as shown in Figure 1 .
[0004] In the traditional processing method, the cutting tool will generate a large cutting force during cutting, which will easily cause the beam of the thin-wall structure to deform. Once the beam is deformed, it will not only be difficult to ensure the dimensional accuracy of the rectangular wedge hole, but also seriously affect the shape accuracy of the hole, such as hole inclination and hole diameter deviation. In the prior art, milling or wire cutting is usually used for processing, but this method is difficult to ensure the processing accuracy and stability of the beam, and the processing efficiency is low.
[0005] The rectangular wedge hole processing difficulty mainly includes four aspects:
[0006] First, the angle relationship between the square hole and the flange plate needs to be controlled.
[0007] Second, the corner of the finishing process is prone to produce vibration defects.
[0008] Third, the beam is narrow and thin, and has high hardness, so it is easy to cause elastic deformation of the workpiece and affect the size.
[0009] Fourth, the tool marks are heavy when cutting in and out.
[0010] Therefore, a new processing method is needed to solve the above problems in the rectangular wedge hole processing process. SUMMARY
[0011] In order to solve the problems of low processing accuracy, easy deformation and low processing efficiency in the rectangular wedge hole processing of the existing bearing outer ring, a high-precision thin-wall bearing outer ring rectangular wedge hole processing method with an elastic supporting structure is provided.
[0012] The technical scheme adopted by the present application to solve the above technical problems is:
[0013] A high-precision thin-wall bearing outer ring rectangular wedge hole machining method with an elastic supporting structure, comprising the following steps:
[0014] Step one, positioning and clamping: clamping the bearing ring to be machined on the rotating spindle of the turning and milling combined machine tool;
[0015] Step two, rough machining: using the machine tool drill bit to sequentially machine a plurality of group circular holes on the side wall of the bearing ring to be machined in the circumferential direction, each group of circular holes comprising two circular holes arranged side by side in the axial direction;
[0016] Step three, semi-finish machining: using the machine tool semi-finish milling cutter to semi-finish mill rectangular wedge holes at the position of each group of circular holes;
[0017] Step four, finish machining: using the machine tool finish milling cutter to finish mill at each rectangular wedge hole.
[0018] Further, when positioning and clamping, the positioning tooling is used to clamp the bearing ring to be machined.
[0019] Further, before clamping, the positioning tooling needs to be adjusted first, and the adjustment includes the following process:
[0020] Install the tooling base on the hydraulic chuck, use the magnetic table stand to calibrate the coaxiality and end face runout between the tooling base and the chuck, the tolerances are controlled within 0.03mm, one side of the disc surface of the tooling base is provided with a positioning hole, the position of the positioning hole is measured by a probe, and the position is set as the 0° position of the rotating spindle.
[0021] Further, when clamping, first connect the connecting shaft sleeve at the lower end surface of the tooling base with the rotating spindle of the turning and milling combined machine tool, then install the flange plate reference surface of the bearing ring to be machined on the upper end surface of the disc surface of the tooling base, the flange end sleeve of the bearing ring to be machined is installed on the positioning shaft end of the upper end surface of the tooling base, the position of the bearing ring to be machined is adjusted, the flange hole of the bearing ring to be machined is arranged corresponding to the positioning hole, and a positioning pin is inserted into the flange hole and the positioning hole to control the circumferential direction position of the bearing ring to be machined, then a pressure plate is added on the upper end of the bearing ring to be machined, a fixed nut is inserted into the middle part of the upper end surface of the pressure plate, the end of the fixed nut is inserted into the connecting hole in the middle part of the tooling base, then the fixed nut is locked, and the end thereof is threadedly locked with the connecting hole.
[0022] Further, during rough machining, the rotating main shaft is rotated by indexing the bearing ring to be machined, the rotating main shaft is rotated from 0° position to the initial machining position of the rectangular wedge hole of the bearing ring to be machined, then the automatic tool changer of the turning-milling combined machine tool is switched to D12 drill bit, the drill bit is drilled along the Z direction to form a group of circular holes, after the drilling of the group of circular holes is completed, the rotating main shaft is rotated by 10° increment for 36 times, and the drilling of 36 groups of circular holes in the circumferential direction is completed.
[0023] Further, during drilling, the rotating speed of the drill bit is 1800-2000 m / min, and the feeding speed of the drill bit is 80-100 mm / s.
[0024] Further, during semi-finishing machining, the automatic tool changer is switched to D8 milling cutter, the B shaft of the turning-milling combined machine tool is rotated by 90°, the rotating main shaft is reduced by 5° from the initial angle of drilling, the lower tool point is set on the circular hole, and the semi-finishing machining of the cross beam is performed according to the residual rectangular trajectory on the left and right sides of the cross beam of the bearing ring to be machined.
[0025] Further, during semi-finishing machining, the rotating speed of the milling cutter is 2500-2800 m / min, and the feeding speed of the milling cutter is 100-120 mm / s.
[0026] Further, during finishing machining, the automatic tool changer is switched to D5 milling cutter, and the finishing machining of the cross beam is performed according to the rectangular trajectory on the left and right sides of the cross beam of the bearing ring to be machined.
[0027] Further, during finishing machining, the rotating speed of the milling cutter is 3300-3800 m / min, and the feeding speed of the milling cutter is 150-180 mm / s.
[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:
[0029] 1. High-precision machining: The purpose of the present application is to provide a thin-walled high-precision squirrel cage ring rectangular wedge hole machining method, which can complete the machining of 36 rectangular wedge holes of the bearing ring by one-time clamping of the turning-milling machining center. Compared with the traditional machining method, the machining precision of the present application is improved by 0.5 times, which effectively improves the performance and reliability of the bearing; by reasonably controlling the parameters and selecting the tool, the corner shake defect in the finishing process is avoided; the tool is put into the prefabricated circular hole when cutting in and cutting out.
[0030] 2. Reduce the deformation of the cross beam: By full package clamping, reasonable machining sequence, appropriate cutting parameters and other measures during machining, the effect of cutting force on the cross beam can be effectively reduced, and the deformation of the cross beam can be avoided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0031] Figure 1 is a structural diagram of the rectangular wedge hole of the bearing ring in the present application;
[0032] Figure 2 is a structure schematic diagram of the bearing ring to be machined clamped in the positioning tool of the present application;
[0033] Figure 3 is a structure schematic diagram of the bearing ring to be machined after rough machining of the present application;
[0034] Figure 4 is a structure schematic diagram of the bearing ring to be machined when semi-finishing of the present application;
[0035] Figure 5 is a structure schematic diagram of the bearing ring to be machined when finishing of the present application;
[0036] Figure 6 is a machining schematic diagram of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0037] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by the present application more clear, the present application is further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only used to explain the present application and do not limit the present application.
[0038] Specific implementation one: in combination with Figures 1 to 6 In this embodiment, the high-precision thin-walled bearing outer ring rectangular wedge hole machining method with elastic support structure comprises the following steps:
[0039] Step one, positioning and clamping: clamping the bearing ring to be machined on the rotating main shaft of the turning and milling combined machine tool;
[0040] Step two, rough machining: using the machine tool drill bit to sequentially machine a plurality of group circular holes on the side wall of the bearing ring to be machined in the circumferential direction, each group of circular holes comprising two circular holes arranged side by side in the axial direction;
[0041] Step three, semi-finishing: using the machine tool semi-finishing milling cutter to semi-finish mill rectangular wedge holes at the position of each group of circular holes;
[0042] Step four, finishing: using the machine tool finishing milling cutter to finish mill at each rectangular wedge hole.
[0043] Specific implementation two: in combination with Figure 2 In this embodiment, the positioning and clamping is realized by using the positioning tool to clamp the bearing ring to be machined.
[0044] The technical features not disclosed in this embodiment are the same as those of specific implementation one.
[0045] Specific implementation three: in combination with Figure 2To illustrate the embodiment, the adjustment of the positioning tool before clamping is required, which includes the following processes:
[0046] The tool base 1 is installed on the hydraulic chuck, and the coaxiality and end face runout between the tool base 1 and the chuck are calibrated using a magnetic table stand, with tolerances controlled within 0.03 mm. One side of the disc surface 13 of the tool base 1 is provided with a positioning hole 15, the position of which is measured by a probe and set as the 0° position of the rotating main shaft.
[0047] The technical features not disclosed in the embodiment are the same as those in the second embodiment.
[0048] Embodiment Four: Combination Figure 2 To illustrate the embodiment, during clamping, the connecting shaft sleeve 11 at the lower end surface of the tool base 1 is first connected to the rotating main shaft of the turning and milling combined machine tool, then the reference surface of the flange plate of the bearing ring to be machined is installed on the upper end surface of the disc surface 13 of the tool base 1, the flange end of the bearing ring to be machined is fitted on the positioning shaft end 12 at the upper end surface of the tool base 1, the position of the bearing ring to be machined is fine-tuned so that the flange hole of the bearing ring to be machined corresponds to the positioning hole 15, and a positioning pin 4 is inserted into the flange hole and the positioning hole 15 to control the circumferential position of the bearing ring to be machined. Then, the cover plate 2 is added to the upper end of the bearing ring to be machined, the middle part of the upper end surface of the cover plate 2 is inserted into the fixed nut 3, the end of the fixed nut 3 is inserted into the connecting hole 14 in the middle part of the tool base 1, and then the fixed nut 3 is locked so that the end is threadedly locked with the connecting hole 14.
[0049] The technical features not disclosed in the embodiment are the same as those in the third embodiment.
[0050] Embodiment Five: Combination Figure 3 To illustrate the embodiment, during rough machining, the bearing ring to be machined is indexed and rotated by the rotating main shaft, the rotating main shaft is rotated from the 0° position to the starting machining position of the rectangular wedge hole of the bearing ring to be machined, then the automatic tool changer of the turning and milling combined machine tool is switched to a D12 drill bit, the drill bit performs drilling of a group of circular holes along the Z direction, after completing the drilling of the group of circular holes, the rotating main shaft is rotated by 10° increments for 36 times, and the drilling of 36 groups of circular holes in the circumferential direction is completed.
[0051] The technical features not disclosed in the embodiment are the same as those in the fourth embodiment.
[0052] Embodiment Six: Combination Figure 3 To illustrate the embodiment, during drilling, the rotational speed of the drill bit is 1800-2000 m / min, and the feed speed of the drill bit is 80-100 mm / s.
[0053] The technical features not disclosed in the embodiment are the same as those in embodiment five.
[0054] Embodiment seven: in combination Figure 4 In this embodiment, the semi-finishing is performed by switching the automatic tool changer to a D8 milling cutter, rotating the B-axis of the turning-milling combined machine tool by 90°, rotating the main shaft to a drilling initial angle reduced by 5°, setting the lower tool point on the round hole, and performing rectangular trace cutting on the left and right sides of the bearing ring beam to be machined according to the remaining amount, thereby semi-finishing the beam.
[0055] The technical features not disclosed in the embodiment are the same as those in embodiment five.
[0056] Embodiment eight: in combination Figure 4 In this embodiment, the semi-finishing is performed by switching the automatic tool changer to a D8 milling cutter, rotating the B-axis of the turning-milling combined machine tool by 90°, rotating the main shaft to a drilling initial angle reduced by 5°, setting the lower tool point on the round hole, and performing rectangular trace cutting on the left and right sides of the bearing ring beam to be machined according to the remaining amount, thereby semi-finishing the beam.
[0057] The technical features not disclosed in the embodiment are the same as those in embodiment seven.
[0058] Embodiment nine: in combination Figure 5 In this embodiment, the semi-finishing is performed by switching the automatic tool changer to a D8 milling cutter, rotating the B-axis of the turning-milling combined machine tool by 90°, rotating the main shaft to a drilling initial angle reduced by 5°, setting the lower tool point on the round hole, and performing rectangular trace cutting on the left and right sides of the bearing ring beam to be machined according to the remaining amount, thereby semi-finishing the beam.
[0059] The technical features not disclosed in the embodiment are the same as those in embodiment seven.
[0060] Embodiment ten: in combination Figure 5 In this embodiment, the semi-finishing is performed by switching the automatic tool changer to a D8 milling cutter, rotating the B-axis of the turning-milling combined machine tool by 90°, rotating the main shaft to a drilling initial angle reduced by 5°, setting the lower tool point on the round hole, and performing rectangular trace cutting on the left and right sides of the bearing ring beam to be machined according to the remaining amount, thereby semi-finishing the beam.
[0061] The technical features not disclosed in the embodiment are the same as those in embodiment nine.
[0062] The basic principles and main features of the present application and the advantages of the present application have been shown and described. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions in the specification are only to illustrate the principles of the present application. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, various changes and improvements can be made to the present application, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the claimed present application. The scope of protection of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A method for machining a rectangular wedge hole in the outer ring of a high-precision thin-walled bearing with an elastic support structure, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1, Positioning and clamping: Clamp the bearing ring to be processed onto the rotating spindle of the milling and turning machine tool; Step 2, rough machining: Using a machine tool drill bit, machine multiple sets of circular holes in sequence along the circumferential direction on the side wall of the bearing ring to be machined. Each set of circular holes includes two circular holes arranged side by side along the axial direction. Step 3, Semi-finishing: Use a semi-finishing milling cutter on a machine tool to semi-finish mill rectangular wedge holes at the positions of each group of round holes; Step 4, Finishing: Use a precision milling cutter on a machine tool to finish mill each rectangular wedge hole.
2. The method for machining a rectangular wedge hole in the outer ring of a high-precision thin-walled bearing with an elastic support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: During positioning and clamping, positioning fixtures are used to clamp the bearing rings to be processed.
3. The method for machining a rectangular wedge hole in the outer ring of a high-precision thin-walled bearing with an elastic support structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: Before clamping, the positioning fixture needs to be adjusted. The adjustment includes the following process: The tooling base (1) is installed on the hydraulic chuck. The coaxiality and end face runout between the tooling base (1) and the chuck are calibrated using a magnetic gauge. The tolerances are all controlled within 0.03mm. A positioning hole (15) is provided on one side of the disc surface (13) of the tooling base (1). The position of the positioning hole (15) is measured by a probe and set as the 0° position of the rotating spindle.
4. The method for machining a rectangular wedge hole in the outer ring of a high-precision thin-walled bearing with an elastic support structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: During clamping, first connect the connecting bushing (11) on the lower end face of the tooling base (1) to the rotating spindle of the milling and turning machine tool. Then, install the reference surface of the bearing ring flange to be processed on the upper end face of the plate surface (13) of the tooling base (1). The flange end of the bearing ring to be processed is fitted on the positioning shaft end (12) on the upper end face of the tooling base (1). Finely adjust the position of the bearing ring to be processed so that the flange hole of the bearing ring to be processed corresponds to the positioning hole (15). Insert the positioning pin (4) into the flange hole and the positioning hole (15) to control the circumferential position of the bearing ring to be processed. Then, add a pressure plate (2) to the upper end of the bearing ring to be processed. Insert a fixing nut (3) into the middle of the upper end face of the pressure plate (2). Insert the end of the fixing nut (3) into the connecting hole (14) in the middle of the tooling base (1). Then, lock the fixing nut (3) so that its end is threadedly locked with the connecting hole (14).
5. The method for machining a rectangular wedge hole in the outer ring of a high-precision thin-walled bearing with an elastic support structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: During rough machining, the bearing ring to be machined is indexed by rotating the spindle. The spindle rotates from the 0° position to the starting position of the rectangular wedge hole of the bearing ring to be machined. Then, the automatic tool changer of the milling and turning machine tool switches to the D12 drill bit. The drill bit drills a set of circular holes along the Z direction. After completing a set of drilling, the spindle rotates 36 times in increments of 10° to complete the drilling of 36 sets of circular holes in the circumferential direction.
6. The method for machining a rectangular wedge hole in the outer ring of a high-precision thin-walled bearing with an elastic support structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: During drilling, the drill bit rotates at a speed of 1800~2000 m / min and the drill bit feed rate is 80~100 mm / s.
7. The method for machining a rectangular wedge hole in the outer ring of a high-precision thin-walled bearing with an elastic support structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: During semi-finishing, the automatic tool changer switches to a D8 milling cutter, the B-axis of the milling and turning machine rotates 90°, the spindle rotates until the initial drilling angle decreases by 5°, the tool entry point is set on the round hole, and the tool moves along a rectangular path on the left and right sides of the bearing ring crossbeam to be machined according to the allowance, thus semi-finishing the crossbeam.
8. The method for machining a rectangular wedge hole in the outer ring of a high-precision thin-walled bearing with an elastic support structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: During semi-finishing, the milling cutter's rotational speed is 2500~2800m / min, and the feed rate is 100~120mm / s.
9. A method for machining a rectangular wedge hole in the outer ring of a high-precision thin-walled bearing with an elastic support structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: During finishing, the automatic tool changer switches to a D5 end mill, and the tool travels along rectangular paths on both sides of the crossbeam of the bearing ring to be machined, thus finishing the crossbeam.
10. A method for machining a rectangular wedge hole in the outer ring of a high-precision thin-walled bearing with an elastic support structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: During finishing, the milling cutter rotates at 3300~3800 m / min and feeds at 150~180 mm / s.