Cargo loading and unloading device for wharf

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of cargo loading and unloading, and discloses a cargo loading and unloading device for a wharf, which comprises a belt conveyor main body, a flow guide block is fixedly connected to the side wall of the belt conveyor main body, and a conveying articulated chute is arranged at the bottom of the belt conveyor main body. The outer wall of the conveying elephant trunk is fixedly connected with the bottom of a flow guide block, a motor is started to drive a concave-convex ring to rotate, the concave-convex ring extrudes a reciprocating assembly to descend, the reciprocating assembly can extrude gas, the pressure of the gas is increased, high-pressure gas is sprayed out towards falling materials through a plurality of gas spraying holes, a blocking gas film is formed, the materials continue to descend, and the materials are conveyed to the conveying elephant trunk. Through the collision assembly, multiple strands of materials can collide with one another, the materials are blocked through the air film, the impact force of the materials is reduced, the materials with the reduced impact force are divided into multiple strands, the multiple strands of materials collide with one another, kinetic energy of the materials can be consumed, the impact force of the materials is reduced again, and the situation that the impact force generated when the fragile materials fall is high, and the materials in a cabin are collided is effectively prevented. And the materials are damaged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cargo loading and unloading equipment technology, specifically to a cargo loading and unloading device for a dock. Background Technology

[0002] Terminal cargo handling equipment is the core of the port logistics system. It determines the port's throughput capacity and efficiency. Depending on the type of cargo (containers, bulk cargo, liquids, and general cargo) and the operational process, the following equipment is mainly used: container cranes for handling containers, bulk cargo loaders and unloaders for loading and unloading bulk cargo, and gantry cranes for general cargo, to achieve high-efficiency, large-scale, automated, and continuous transportation.

[0003] When loading bulk cargo onto ships, belt conveyors are often used to transport the bulk cargo into chutes, from where it falls into the ship's hold. However, chutes are quite long, and when grain falls from them, it generates a strong impact force. When transporting brittle cargo (such as coal, fertilizer, and grain), the rapid fall of brittle materials can collide with the materials in the ship's hold, potentially causing the brittle cargo to break due to the high-speed impact and affecting its integrity. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a cargo loading and unloading device for a dock, including a belt conveyor body, a guide block fixedly connected to the side wall of the belt conveyor body, and a conveying chute provided at the bottom of the belt conveyor body, with the outer wall of the conveying chute fixedly connected to the bottom of the guide block.

[0005] The loading mechanism has a conveying component fixedly installed on its side wall, and a drive component is installed at the bottom of the conveying component. The conveying component is used to convey brittle materials.

[0006] A cushioning assembly, mounted on the outer wall of the drive assembly, is used to mitigate the impact force of brittle goods; and

[0007] The diversion mechanism, located on the inner wall of the buffer assembly, is used to guide the flow of falling material.

[0008] A fixed sleeve is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the conveying chute, a spring piston ring is slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixed sleeve, and a connecting frame is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed sleeve.

[0009] The process involves conveying brittle materials into a conveying chute via a conveying component, then activating a drive component to release high-pressure gas from a buffer component, slowing the falling speed of the brittle materials and reducing their impact force. This effectively prevents the brittle materials from impacting the materials in the hold and causing damage. Finally, a diversion mechanism controls the flow position of the materials.

[0010] Preferably, the loading mechanism comprises:

[0011] The conveying assembly is fixedly arranged at the outer wall of the belt conveyor body, and is used for conveying the brittle materials.

[0012] The driving assembly is fixedly arranged at the outer wall of the conveying chute, and is used for driving the buffer assembly to descend.

[0013] Preferably, the buffer assembly comprises:

[0014] The reciprocating assembly is fixedly arranged at the outer wall of the conveying chute, and is used for reciprocatingly pressing the gas.

[0015] The blocking assembly is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the spring piston ring through the fixing member, and is used for blocking the gas.

[0016] The fixing member comprises a connecting ring fixedly connected to the bottom of the spring piston ring, and fourteen connecting rods I are rotatably connected to the top of the connecting ring.

[0017] The collision assembly is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the fixing sleeve, and is used for allowing the brittle materials to collide with each other.

[0018] When the driving assembly is started, the reciprocating assembly descends, the gas is pressed, the gas pressure is increased, the reciprocating assembly drives the blocking assembly to move, the blocking of the gas is cancelled, the gas is sprayed to the falling materials, the falling speed of the materials is slowed down, the impact force of the materials is reduced, the impact force of the falling brittle materials is effectively prevented from being too strong, the materials are effectively prevented from being quickly collided with each other, the damage of the materials is effectively prevented, and the integrity of the materials is effectively ensured.

[0019] Preferably, the shunting mechanism comprises:

[0020] The flow guide assembly is slidably arranged at the inner wall of the connecting frame through the sliding member, and is used for controlling the materials to flow towards the collision assembly.

[0021] The sliding member comprises two flow guide plates slidably connected to the inner wall of the connecting frame, and two sliding rods I are fixedly connected to the bottom of the spring piston ring.

[0022] The dispersing assembly is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the connecting frame through the supporting member, and is used for quickly dispersing the materials.

[0023] The supporting member comprises two fixed frames fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting frame, and rotating frames are rotatably connected to the inner walls of the two fixed frames.

[0024] Wherein, when the reciprocating assembly moves, it will drive the flow guide assembly to move, guide the material to move towards the collision assembly, prevent part of the material from falling and affecting the mutual collision between the materials, when the flow guide assembly moves, the dispersion assembly will move reversely with the flow guide assembly, quickly disperse the falling material, avoid more material from impacting the material pile, which is easy to cause the material to break.

[0025] Preferably, the conveying assembly comprises a gear ring rotatably connected to the outer wall of the conveying chute;

[0026] The driving assembly comprises a motor fixedly connected to the side wall of the conveying chute, and a gear rod fixedly connected to the bottom output end of the motor, the outer wall of the gear rod being meshingly connected with the outer wall of the gear ring;

[0027] Wherein, the belt conveyor body conveys the brittle material to be loaded, moves the material towards the flow guide block, blocks the material by the flow guide block, enters the material into the conveying chute, and falls along the conveying chute into the cabin to load the cabin.

[0028] Preferably, the reciprocating assembly comprises a concave-convex ring fixedly connected to the bottom of the gear ring, and the inner wall of the fixed sleeve is provided with a plurality of air inlet holes;

[0029] Wherein, after the material enters the conveying chute, the motor is started to drive the gear rod to rotate, the gear rod is meshed with the gear ring to drive the gear ring to rotate, the gear ring drives the concave-convex ring to rotate, when the convex position of the concave-convex ring contacts the spring piston ring, the spring piston ring is pressed to descend, the spring piston ring accumulates the elastic force, and when the spring piston ring descends to cover the air inlet hole, the gas in the fixed sleeve is pressed.

[0030] Preferably, the plugging assembly comprises fourteen limiting frames fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed sleeve, the inner wall of the fixed sleeve and the conveying chute are provided with fourteen air injection holes, and the inner wall of the fourteen air injection holes is slidably connected with fourteen plug rods;

[0031] The side wall of the fourteen plug rods is rotatably connected with the inner wall of the fourteen connecting rods, and the outer wall of the fourteen plug rods is slidably connected with the inner wall of the fourteen limiting frames;

[0032] The gas to be extruded is blocked by the blocking rod, so the gas pressure is increased, and when the spring piston ring is lowered, the connecting ring is lowered, the connecting rod is rotated, the connecting rod pulls the blocking rod to move towards the connecting ring, and as the blocking rod continues to move, the blocking rod is separated from the gas injection hole, allowing high-pressure gas to pass through the plurality of gas injection holes to spray against the falling material, and as the concave-convex ring continues to rotate, the concave position of the concave-convex ring is in contact with the spring piston ring again, at this time, the spring piston ring is returned to its original position by the elastic force, the inlet hole is in communication with the inside of the fixed sleeve, and the gas is replenished, until the concave-convex ring extrudes the spring piston ring to be lowered again, extruding the gas, and so on, the gas is frequently sprayed to form a blocking air film, when the material contacts the air film, it is blocked and the falling speed of the material is slowed down.

[0033] Preferably, the collision assembly comprises two arc-shaped blocks fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting frame, and arc-shaped grooves are formed in the outer walls of the two arc-shaped blocks.

[0034] The falling speed of the material is slowed down, part of the material enters the arc-shaped groove, and part of the material falls from the middle of the two arc-shaped blocks. When the material in the arc-shaped groove flows out, it collides with multiple streams of material, the gas film blocks the material, slows down its falling speed, and reduces its impact force. Then, the material with reduced impact force is divided into multiple streams, and the multiple streams of material collide with each other. Since the impact force of the material is reduced, the kinetic energy of the colliding material is low, so the collision is difficult to break the material. The colliding material consumes its kinetic energy and reduces its impact force again, effectively preventing the impact force of the falling brittle material from being too strong, which can damage the material in the cabin.

[0035] Preferably, the guide assembly comprises a connecting rod two rotatably connected to the bottom of the sliding rod one, and sliding frames are fixedly connected to the side walls of the two guide plates.

[0036] The outer walls of the two sliding rods one are slidably connected to the inner walls of the fixed sleeve, and the outer walls of the two sliding frames are slidably connected to the outer wall of the connecting frame.

[0037] When the spring piston ring is lowered, the sliding rod one is lowered, the connecting rod two is rotated, the sliding frame is moved, the sliding frame pushes the guide plate to move, the two guide plates are moved closer to each other, and when the falling material contacts the guide plate, part of the material flows along the inclined surface of the guide plate towards the arc-shaped groove, so that the material is evenly distributed in the arc-shaped groove, effectively preventing the high-pressure gas sprayed from the gas injection hole from blowing the material towards the center of the conveying chute, which can cause part of the material to fall from the middle of the two arc-shaped blocks when the gas injection hole sprays gas, affecting the mutual collision of the material.

[0038] Preferably, the dispersion assembly comprises two flow dividing blocks arranged at the bottom of the connecting frame, the side walls of the two flow dividing blocks are fixedly connected with two sliding rods two, the outer walls of the two sliding rods two are slidably connected with the inner walls of the two fixed frames;

[0039] The side walls of the two sliding rods two are slidably connected with the inner walls of the two rotating frames, and the bottoms of the two sliding frames are slidably connected with the inner walls of the two rotating frames.

[0040] When the sliding frame moves, it pushes the rotating frame to rotate, so that the side of the rotating frame close to the sliding frame turns towards the connecting frame, and the other side turns away from the connecting frame, the side away from the connecting frame pulls the sliding rod two to move, and the sliding rod two drives the flow dividing block to move, so that the two flow dividing blocks move away from each other.

[0041] The application has the following advantages:

[0042] (1) When the application is used, the conveying assembly conveys the material, so that the material falls into the hold along the conveying chute, then the motor drives the gear rod to rotate, drives the gear ring and the convex-concave ring to rotate, so that the convex-concave ring extrudes the reciprocating assembly to descend, the reciprocating assembly extrudes the gas, the gas pressure rises, and then the blocking assembly removes the blockage of the gas, so that the high-pressure gas is sprayed out through the plurality of jet holes to the falling material, forming a blocking air film, the material continues to fall, and through the collision assembly, the plurality of materials collide with each other, the air film blocks the materials, slows down the falling speed of the materials, and reduces the impact force of the materials, then the materials with reduced impact force are divided into a plurality of streams, and the plurality of materials collide with each other.

[0043] (2) When the spring piston ring descends, it drives the sliding rod to descend, and through the flow guide assembly, the two flow guide plates are close to each other, when the falling material contacts the flow guide plates, part of the material flows along the inclined surface of the flow guide plate towards the arc-shaped groove, so that it enters the arc-shaped groove, and the material is evenly distributed, effectively preventing the high-pressure gas sprayed from the jet hole from blowing the material to gather at the center of the conveying chute, and preventing part of the material from falling from between the two arc-shaped blocks when the jet hole sprays gas, affecting the mutual collision of the materials.

[0044] (3) The present application can push the rotating frame to rotate when the sliding frame moves, so that the side of the rotating frame close to the sliding frame turns towards the connecting frame, and the other side turns away from the connecting frame. The side away from the connecting frame pulls the sliding rod II to move, which drives the flow divider to move, so that the two flow dividers move away from each other. When the materials collide with each other and are discharged downward, the materials will contact the flow dividers. When the flow dividers move, the falling materials will be diffused, so that the falling materials are evenly dispersed. This effectively prevents the materials from leaking out from one place after colliding with each other, and prevents the materials from impacting the material pile, which can easily cause the materials to break.

[0045] (4) When the spring piston ring rebound force is released, the present application can drive the connecting ring to rise, push the connecting rod I to rotate, and push the blocking rod into the air jet hole again. During the movement of the blocking rod, the materials in the blocking rod are pushed out, so that the air jet hole is unblocked. This effectively prevents the materials from being stuck in the air jet hole, which can block the amount of gas sprayed and affect the formation of the gas film and the blocking of the materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0046] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0047] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application;

[0048] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application;

[0049] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the right view of the flow guide block of the present application;

[0050] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cross section of the conveying pipe of the present application;

[0051] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the cross section of the fixed sleeve of the present application;

[0052] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the cross section of the connecting frame of the present application;

[0053] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the present application Figure 6 It is an enlarged schematic diagram of A in the present application;

[0054] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the cross section of the arc-shaped block of the present application.

[0055] In the drawings, the components represented by each reference numeral are listed as follows:

[0056] In the figure: 1, loading mechanism; 11, conveying assembly; 12, driving assembly; 111, belt conveyor body; 112, guide block; 113, conveying chute; 114, gear ring; 121, motor; 122, gear rod; 2, buffer assembly; 21, reciprocating assembly; 22, plugging assembly; 23, collision assembly; 211, fixed sleeve; 212, spring piston ring; 213, concave-convex ring; 214, air inlet hole; 221, connecting ring; 222, connecting rod one; 223, limiting frame; 224, air injection hole; 225, plugging rod; 231, connecting frame; 232, arc block; 233, arc groove; 3, shunt mechanism; 31, guide assembly; 32, dispersion assembly; 311, guide plate; 312, sliding rod one; 313, connecting rod two; 314, sliding frame; 321, fixed frame; 322, rotating frame; 323, sliding rod two; 324, shunt block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0058] Embodiment one, please refer to Figures 1-4 The present application is a cargo loading and unloading device for a wharf, which comprises a belt conveyor body 111, a guide block 112 fixedly connected to the side wall of the belt conveyor body 111, and a conveying chute 113 provided at the bottom of the belt conveyor body 111, wherein the outer wall of the conveying chute 113 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the guide block 112.

[0059] The loading mechanism 1 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the loading mechanism 1, and the driving assembly 12 is installed at the bottom of the conveying assembly 11, wherein the conveying assembly 11 is used for conveying brittle materials.

[0060] The buffer assembly 2 is installed on the outer wall of the driving assembly 12 and is used for reducing the impact force of brittle cargo.

[0061] The shunt mechanism 3 is located on the inner wall of the buffer assembly 2 and is used for guiding the flow of falling materials.

[0062] The outer wall of the conveying chute 113 is fixedly connected with a fixed sleeve 211, the inner wall of the fixed sleeve 211 is slidingly connected with a spring piston ring 212, and the bottom of the fixed sleeve 211 is fixedly connected with a connecting frame 231.

[0063] Wherein, the brittle material is conveyed into the conveying chute 113 by the conveying assembly 11, and then the high-pressure gas is sprayed out of the buffer assembly 2 by starting the driving assembly 12, so as to slow down the falling speed of the brittle material and reduce the impact force, thereby effectively preventing the impact force of the falling brittle material from being too strong to cause the material in the cabin to be damaged, and finally the flow position of the material is controlled by the shunt mechanism 3.

[0064] The loading mechanism 1 comprises:

[0065] The conveying assembly 11 is fixedly arranged at the inner wall of the conveying assembly 11 and the outer wall of the belt conveyor body 111, and is used for conveying the brittle material;

[0066] The driving assembly 12 is fixedly arranged at the side wall of the driving assembly 12 and the outer wall of the conveying chute 113, and is used for driving the buffer assembly 2 to descend.

[0067] The buffer assembly 2 comprises:

[0068] The reciprocating assembly 21 is fixedly arranged at the outer wall of the conveying chute 113, and is used for reciprocally extruding the gas;

[0069] The blocking assembly 22 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the spring piston ring 212 by the fixing member, and is used for blocking the gas;

[0070] The fixing member comprises a connecting ring 221 fixedly connected to the bottom of the spring piston ring 212, and fourteen connecting rods 222 are rotatably connected to the top of the connecting ring 221;

[0071] The collision assembly 23 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the fixed sleeve 211, and is used for allowing the brittle materials to collide with each other;

[0072] Wherein, the reciprocating assembly 21 is driven to descend by the driving assembly 12, the gas is extruded, the gas pressure is increased, the reciprocating assembly 21 drives the blocking assembly 22 to move, the blocking of the gas is cancelled, the gas is sprayed out to the falling material, the falling speed of the material is slowed down, the impact force of the material is reduced, and the impact force of the falling brittle material is effectively prevented from being too strong to cause the material to be quickly impacted by the material, thereby causing the material to be damaged and affecting the integrity of the material.

[0073] The shunt mechanism 3 comprises:

[0074] The flow guide assembly 31 is slidingly arranged at the inner wall of the connecting frame 231 by the sliding member, and is used for controlling the material to flow towards the collision assembly 23;

[0075] The sliding member comprises two flow guide plates 311 slidingly connected to the inner wall of the connecting frame 231, and two sliding rods 312 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the spring piston ring 212;

[0076] The dispersion assembly 32 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the connecting frame 231 through the support, and is used for quickly dispersing the materials;

[0077] The support comprises two fixed frames 321 fixedly connected at the bottom of the connecting frame 231, and the inner walls of the two fixed frames 321 are rotationally connected with rotating frames 322;

[0078] When the reciprocating assembly 21 moves, the guide assembly 31 is driven to move, the materials are guided to move towards the collision assembly 23, and the concentration of the materials is prevented, so that the mutual collision between the materials is affected. When the guide assembly 31 moves, the dispersion assembly 32 moves in the opposite direction of the guide assembly 31, the falling materials are quickly dispersed, and the impact of the materials on the material pile is avoided, so that the materials are not easily broken.

[0079] In the second embodiment, please refer to Figures 1-8 The conveying assembly 11 comprises a gear ring 114 rotationally connected to the outer wall of the conveying chute 113.

[0080] The driving assembly 12 comprises a motor 121 fixedly connected to the side wall of the conveying chute 113, and a gear rod 122 fixedly connected to the bottom output end of the motor 121 and in meshing connection with the outer wall of the gear ring 114.

[0081] The brittle materials to be loaded are conveyed through the belt conveyor main body 111, the materials are moved towards the guide block 112, the materials are blocked by the guide block 112, the materials enter the conveying chute 113, and the materials fall into the ship cabin along the conveying chute 113 to load the ship cabin.

[0082] The reciprocating assembly 21 comprises a concave-convex ring 213 fixedly connected to the bottom of the gear ring 114, and a plurality of air inlet holes 214 are formed in the inner wall of the fixed sleeve 211.

[0083] When the materials enter the conveying chute 113, the motor 121 is started to drive the gear rod 122 to rotate, the gear rod 122 is in meshing connection with the gear ring 114, the gear ring 114 is driven to rotate, the gear ring 114 drives the concave-convex ring 213 to rotate, the convex position of the concave-convex ring 213 contacts the spring piston ring 212, the spring piston ring 212 is pressed to descend, the spring piston ring 212 accumulates the elastic force, and the spring piston ring 212 covers the air inlet holes 214 after descending, so that the gas in the fixed sleeve 211 is pressed.

[0084] The plugging assembly 22 comprises fourteen limiting racks 223 fixedly connected at the inner wall of the fixed sleeve 211, the inner wall of the fixed sleeve 211 is provided with fourteen air injection holes 224, and the inner wall of the fourteen air injection holes 224 is slidably connected with a plugging rod 225;

[0085] The side wall of the fourteen plugging rods 225 is rotatably connected with the inner wall of the fourteen connecting rods 222, and the outer wall of the fourteen plugging rods 225 is slidably connected with the inner wall of the fourteen limiting racks 223.

[0086] The gas that is extruded is blocked by the plugging rod 225, so that the gas pressure is increased. When the spring piston ring 212 descends, the connecting ring 221 is driven to descend, the connecting rod I 222 is pulled to rotate, and the connecting rod I 222 pulls the plugging rod 225 to move towards the connecting ring 221. With the continuous movement of the plugging rod 225, the plugging rod 225 is separated from the air injection hole 224, so that the high-pressure gas is sprayed through the plurality of air injection holes 224 to the falling material. With the continuous rotation of the concave-convex ring 213, the concave position of the concave-convex ring 213 is in contact with the spring piston ring 212 again. At this time, the rebounding force of the spring piston ring 212 is released, so that it returns to the original position. The air inlet hole 214 is in communication with the inside of the fixed sleeve 211 to supplement the gas. Until the concave-convex ring 213 extrudes the spring piston ring 212 to descend again, the gas is extruded, and the process is repeated to frequently spray the gas to form a blocking air film. When the material contacts the air film, it is blocked and the falling speed of the material is slowed down.

[0087] The collision assembly 23 comprises two arc-shaped blocks 232 fixedly connected at the inner wall of the connecting frame 231, and the outer wall of the two arc-shaped blocks 232 is provided with an arc-shaped groove 233.

[0088] The material with the slowed down falling speed enters the arc-shaped groove 233, and part of the material falls from the middle of the two arc-shaped blocks 232. When the material in the arc-shaped groove 233 flows out, it collides with each other, and the air film blocks the material to slow down the falling speed and reduce the impact force. Then, the material with reduced impact force is branched into multiple streams, and the multiple streams collide with each other. Since the impact force of the material is reduced, the kinetic energy of the colliding material is low, so the collision is difficult to break the material. The colliding material consumes its kinetic energy and reduces its impact force again, effectively preventing the impact force of the falling brittle material from being too strong to impact the material in the cabin and cause damage to the material.

[0089] The flow guide assembly 31 comprises a connecting rod II 313 rotatably connected at the bottom of the sliding rod I 312, and the side wall of the two flow guide plates 311 is fixedly connected with a sliding rack 314. The side wall of the two sliding racks 314 is rotatably connected with the inner wall of the two connecting rods II 313.

[0090] The outer wall of the two sliding rods one 312 is slidably connected with the inner wall of the fixed sleeve 211, and the outer wall of the two sliding frames 314 is slidably connected with the outer wall of the connecting frame 231.

[0091] When the spring piston ring 212 is lowered, the sliding rod one 312 is driven to descend, the connecting rod two 313 is driven to rotate by the sliding rod one 312, the sliding frame 314 is driven to move by the connecting rod two 313, the sliding frame 314 is driven to move the guide plate 311, and the two guide plates 311 are driven to approach each other, so that when the falling material contacts the guide plate 311, part of the material flows along the inclined surface of the guide plate 311 to the arc-shaped groove 233, so that the material is evenly distributed, and the high-pressure gas in the air injection hole 224 is effectively prevented from blowing the material to the center of the conveying chute 113, which is easy to cause the material to fall from the middle of the two arc-shaped blocks 232 when the air injection hole 224 is injected, which affects the mutual collision of the materials.

[0092] The dispersion assembly 32 includes two flow dividing blocks 324 arranged at the bottom of the connecting frame 231, the side wall of the two flow dividing blocks 324 is fixedly connected with the sliding rod two 323, and the outer wall of the two sliding rods two 323 is slidably connected with the inner wall of the two fixed frames 321.

[0093] The side wall of the two sliding rods two 323 is slidably connected with the inner wall of the two rotating frames 322, and the bottom of the two sliding frames 314 is slidably connected with the inner wall of the two rotating frames 322.

[0094] When the sliding frame 314 moves, the rotating frame 322 is driven to rotate, the side of the rotating frame 322 close to the sliding frame 314 is driven to rotate towards the connecting frame 231, and the other side is driven to move away from the connecting frame 231, the side away from the connecting frame 231 is driven to move the sliding rod two 323, and the sliding rod two 323 drives the flow dividing block 324 to move, so that the two flow dividing blocks 324 are driven to move away from each other, when the materials collide and are discharged downward, the materials contact the flow dividing block 324, the flow dividing block 324 moves, the falling materials are dispersed, the falling materials are evenly dispersed, and the materials are effectively prevented from leaking from one place after colliding with each other, so that more materials impact the material pile, which is easy to cause the materials to be broken.

[0095] The number of the above assemblies is not limited, and those skilled in the art can freely set according to actual needs, as long as the assemblies are installed at the corresponding assembly connection positions.

[0096] One specific application of the embodiment is that when the application is used, the brittle material to be loaded is transported by the belt conveyor body 111, and the material moves towards the flow guide block 112. The flow guide block 112 blocks the material, and the material enters the conveying chute 113, and then falls into the cabin along the conveying chute 113. After that, the motor 121 drives the gear rod 122 to rotate, and the gear rod 122 meshes with the gear ring 114 to drive the gear ring 114 to rotate. The gear ring 114 drives the concave-convex ring 213 to rotate. When the convex position of the concave-convex ring 213 contacts the spring piston ring 212, the spring piston ring 212 is pressed to descend, and the spring piston ring 212 accumulates the elastic force. When the spring piston ring 212 descends and covers the air hole 214, the gas in the fixed sleeve 211 is pressed. At this time, the pressed gas is blocked by the plug rod 225, so the gas pressure rises. At the same time, when the spring piston ring 212 descends, the connecting ring 221 descends, the connecting rod one 222 rotates, and the plug rod 225 moves towards the connecting ring 221 along with the continuous movement of the plug rod 225;

[0097] The plug rod 225 is separated from the air jet hole 224, and the high-pressure gas is sprayed through the plurality of air jet holes 224 towards the falling material. With the continuous rotation of the concave-convex ring 213, the concave position of the concave-convex ring 213 contacts the spring piston ring 212 again. At this time, the elastic force of the spring piston ring 212 is released, and it returns to its original position. The air hole 214 is in communication with the inside of the fixed sleeve 211 to supplement the gas. Until the concave-convex ring 213 presses the spring piston ring 212 to descend again, the gas is pressed. In this way, the gas is frequently sprayed to form a blocking gas film. When the material contacts the gas film, it is blocked and the falling speed of the material is slowed down. The material continues to fall, part of the material enters the arc-shaped groove 233, and part of the material falls from the middle of the two arc-shaped blocks 232. When the material in the arc-shaped groove 233 flows out, it collides with multiple materials, blocks the material with the gas film, slows down the falling speed, and reduces the impact force. Then, the material with reduced impact force is divided into multiple streams, and the multiple streams collide with each other. Since the impact force of the material is reduced, the kinetic energy of the collision is low, so the collision is difficult to break the material. The colliding material consumes its kinetic energy and reduces its impact force again, effectively preventing the brittle material from falling with strong impact force, colliding with the material in the cabin, and causing damage to the material;

[0098] Secondly, when the spring piston ring 212 descends, it drives the sliding rod 312 to descend, the sliding rod 312 pushes the connecting rod 313 to rotate, the connecting rod 313 pushes the sliding frame 314 to move, the sliding frame 314 pushes the guide plate 311 to move, and the two guide plates 311 are close to each other, when the falling material contacts the guide plate 311, part of the material flows along the inclined surface of the guide plate 311 to the arc-shaped groove 233, so that the material is evenly distributed, and the high-pressure gas in the air injection hole 224 is effectively prevented from blowing the material to the center of the conveying chute 113, which is easy to cause part of the material to fall from the middle of the two arc-shaped blocks 232 when the air injection hole 224 sprays air, affecting the mutual collision of the materials;

[0099] Secondly, when the sliding frame 314 moves, it drives the rotating frame 322 to rotate, the rotating frame 322 on the side close to the sliding frame 314 rotates towards the connecting frame 231, and the other side away from the connecting frame 231 pulls the sliding rod 323 to move, the sliding rod 323 drives the flow dividing block 324 to move, so that the two flow dividing blocks 324 are away from each other, when the mutually colliding materials are discharged downward, the materials contact the flow dividing block 324, and the flow dividing block 324 moves, so that the falling materials are diffused, when the spring piston ring 212 returns, the sliding rod 312 rises, the sliding frame 314 is pulled back to the original position through the connecting rod 313, the sliding frame 314 drives the rotating frame 322 to return to the original position, and the flow dividing block 324 returns to the original position, so that the flow dividing block 324 moves back and forth, guiding the flow of the falling materials, and the falling materials are evenly dispersed, effectively preventing the materials from leaking from one place after colliding with each other, and causing more materials to impact the material pile, which is easy to cause the materials to break;

[0100] Secondly, when the spring piston ring 212 returns to the original position, the connecting ring 221 rises, the connecting rod 222 rotates, the connecting rod 222 pushes the blocking rod 225 into the air injection hole 224 again, and the blocking rod 225 moves, so that the materials in the blocking rod 225 are pushed out, the air injection hole 224 is unblocked, and the materials are effectively prevented from being stuck in the air injection hole 224, which blocks the air injection amount and affects the formation of the air film and the blocking of the materials.

[0101] The preferred embodiments disclosed above are only used to help explain the application. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details, and the application is not limited to the specific embodiments described. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of the specification. The embodiments are selected and described in detail in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the application, so that those skilled in the art can well understand and utilize the application. The application is limited by the claims and their entire scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A cargo loading and unloading device for a dock, comprising a belt conveyor body (111), wherein a guide block (112) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the belt conveyor body (111), and a conveying chute (113) is provided at the bottom of the belt conveyor body (111), wherein the outer wall of the conveying chute (113) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the guide block (112), characterized in that, Also includes: A loading mechanism (1) is provided, wherein a conveying assembly (11) is fixedly installed on the side wall of the loading mechanism (1), and a driving assembly (12) is installed at the bottom of the conveying assembly (11). The conveying assembly (11) is used to convey brittle materials. A buffer assembly (2) is installed on the outer wall of the drive assembly (12) to reduce the impact force of brittle goods; as well as Diverting mechanism (3), located on the inner wall of buffer assembly (2), is used to guide the flow of falling material; A fixed sleeve (211) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the conveying chute (113), a spring piston ring (212) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixed sleeve (211), and a connecting frame (231) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed sleeve (211). In this process, brittle materials are conveyed into the conveying chute (113) by the conveying component (11), and then high-pressure gas is ejected from the buffer component (2) by the start-up drive component (12) to slow down the falling speed of the brittle materials. Finally, the flow position of the materials is controlled by the diversion mechanism (3).

2. A cargo loading and unloading device for a dock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading mechanism (1) includes: A conveying assembly (11) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the conveying assembly (11) and the outer wall of the belt conveyor body (111) for conveying brittle materials; A drive assembly (12) is fixedly disposed on the side wall of the drive assembly (12) and the outer wall of the conveying chute (113) for pushing the buffer assembly (2) down.

3. A cargo loading and unloading device for a dock according to claim 2, characterized in that: The buffer component (2) includes: A reciprocating assembly (21) is fixedly disposed on the outer wall of the conveying chute (113) for reciprocating compression of gas; A blocking assembly (22) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of a spring piston ring (212) by a fastener to block gas; The fixing component includes a connecting ring (221) fixedly connected to the bottom of the spring piston ring (212), and fourteen connecting rods (222) are rotatably connected to the top of the connecting ring (221); Collision assembly (23), which is fixedly disposed at the bottom of the fixed sleeve (211) for allowing brittle materials to collide with each other; In this process, by activating the drive component (12), the reciprocating component (21) is lowered, which compresses the gas and increases the gas pressure. The reciprocating component (21) will then drive the blocking component (22) to move, thereby removing the obstruction to the gas and allowing the gas to spray out onto the falling material, thus slowing down its falling speed.

4. A cargo loading and unloading device for a dock according to claim 3, characterized in that: The diversion mechanism (3) includes: The flow guiding component (31) is slidably disposed on the inner wall of the connecting frame (231) by means of a sliding member, and is used to control the material to flow toward the collision component (23); The sliding component includes two guide plates (311) slidably connected to the inner wall of the connecting frame (231), and two sliding rods (312) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the spring piston ring (212); A dispersion component (32) is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the connecting frame (231) by a support member, and is used to quickly disperse materials; The support includes two fixed frames (321) fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting frame (231), and a rotating frame (322) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of each of the two fixed frames (321); When the reciprocating component (21) moves, it will drive the flow guiding component (31) to move, guiding the material to move towards the collision component (23). When the flow guiding component (31) moves, it will cause the dispersing component (32) to move in the opposite direction to the flow guiding component (31), quickly dispersing the falling material.

5. A cargo loading and unloading device for a dock according to claim 4, characterized in that: The conveying assembly (11) includes a gear ring (114) rotatably connected to the outer wall of the conveying chute (113); The drive assembly (12) includes a motor (121) fixedly connected to the side wall of the conveying chute (113). A gear rod (122) is fixedly connected to the bottom output end of the motor (121). The outer wall of the gear rod (122) meshes with the outer wall of the gear ring (114). In this process, the brittle material is conveyed by the main body of the belt conveyor (111) to move towards the guide block (112). The brittle material will come into contact with the guide block (112) and enter the conveying chute (113) through the guide block (112) to load the ship's hold.

6. A cargo loading and unloading device for a dock according to claim 5, characterized in that: The reciprocating assembly (21) includes a concave-convex ring (213) fixedly connected to the bottom of the gear ring (114), and the inner wall of the fixed sleeve (211) is provided with a plurality of air inlets (214). When the material enters the conveying chute (113), the starting motor (121) drives the gear rod (122) to rotate, causing the gear ring (114) and the concave-convex ring (213) to rotate. The concave-convex ring (213) will squeeze the spring piston ring (212) to descend, squeezing the gas.

7. A cargo loading and unloading device for a dock according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sealing assembly (22) includes fourteen limiting brackets (223) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed sleeve (211). The conveying chute (113) and the inner wall of the fixed sleeve (211) are each provided with fourteen air jet holes (224). A blocking rod (225) is slidably connected to the inner wall of each of the fourteen air jet holes (224). The side walls of the fourteen blocking rods (225) are rotatably connected to the inner walls of the fourteen connecting rods (222), and the outer walls of the fourteen blocking rods (225) are slidably connected to the inner walls of the fourteen limiting frames (223). The compressed gas is blocked by the blocking rod (225). When the spring piston ring (212) descends, it will drive the connecting ring (221) to descend, causing the blocking rod (225) to move, thus removing the obstruction to the gas and allowing the gas to spray out onto the falling material, slowing down the falling speed.

8. A cargo loading and unloading device for a dock according to claim 7, characterized in that: The collision component (23) includes two arc-shaped blocks (232) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting frame (231), and arc-shaped grooves (233) are provided on the outer walls of the two arc-shaped blocks (232); The material, whose falling speed has been slowed down, will enter the two arc-shaped grooves (233) and slide along the arc-shaped grooves (233), causing the material to collide with each other and consume its kinetic energy.

9. A cargo loading and unloading device for a dock according to claim 8, characterized in that: The flow guiding assembly (31) includes a connecting rod two (313) rotatably connected to the bottom of the sliding rod one (312), and a sliding frame (314) is fixedly connected to the side wall of each of the two flow guiding plates (311), and the side wall of each of the two sliding frames (314) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the two connecting rod two (313). The outer walls of the two sliding rods (312) are slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixed sleeve (211), and the outer walls of the two sliding frames (314) are slidably connected to the outer wall of the connecting frame (231). When the spring piston ring (212) descends, it will drive the sliding rod (312) to descend, and through the connecting rod (313), it will push the two guide plates (311) to move closer to each other, guiding the material into the arc groove (233).

10. A cargo loading and unloading device for a dock according to claim 9, characterized in that: The dispersing component (32) includes two diversion blocks (324) disposed at the bottom of the connecting frame (231). Each of the two diversion blocks (324) is fixedly connected to a sliding rod (323) on its side wall. The outer walls of the two sliding rods (323) are slidably connected to the inner walls of the two fixing frames (321). The side walls of the two sliding rods (323) are slidably connected to the inner walls of the two rotating frames (322), and the bottoms of the two sliding frames (314) are slidably connected to the inner walls of the two rotating frames (322). When the sliding frame (314) moves, it will push the rotating frame (322) to rotate, pull the sliding rod (323) to move, and make the diverting block (324) move to guide the falling material to disperse.

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