Cargo handling device for a quay

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of cargo loading and unloading, and discloses a cargo loading and unloading device for a wharf, which comprises a belt conveyor body, a flow guide block is fixedly connected to the side wall of the belt conveyor body, a conveying chute is arranged at the bottom of the belt conveyor body, the outer wall of the conveying chute is fixedly connected with the bottom of the flow guide block, a concave-convex ring is driven to rotate by a starting motor, the concave-convex ring extrudes the reciprocating assembly to descend, the reciprocating assembly extrudes gas, the gas pressure is increased, the high-pressure gas is sprayed out through a plurality of air injection holes and is directed at the falling materials, a blocking air film is formed, the materials continue to descend, a plurality of materials collide with each other through a collision assembly, the materials are blocked by the air film, the impact force of the materials is reduced, the materials with reduced impact force are branched into a plurality of streams, the plurality of materials collide with each other, the kinetic energy of the materials is consumed, the impact force of the materials is reduced again, the impact force of the falling brittle materials is effectively prevented from being too strong, the materials in the cabin are prevented from being damaged by the impact of the falling materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cargo loading and unloading equipment technology, specifically to a cargo loading and unloading device for a dock. Background Technology

[0002] Terminal cargo handling equipment is the core of the port logistics system. It determines the port's throughput capacity and efficiency. Depending on the type of cargo (containers, bulk cargo, liquids, and general cargo) and the operational process, the following equipment is mainly used: container cranes for handling containers, bulk cargo loaders and unloaders for loading and unloading bulk cargo, and gantry cranes for general cargo, to achieve high-efficiency, large-scale, automated, and continuous transportation.

[0003] When loading bulk cargo onto ships, belt conveyors are often used to transport the bulk cargo into chutes, from where it falls into the ship's hold. However, chutes are quite long, and when grain falls from them, it generates a strong impact force. When transporting brittle cargo (such as coal, fertilizer, and grain), the rapid fall of brittle materials can collide with the materials in the ship's hold, potentially causing the brittle cargo to break due to the high-speed impact and affecting its integrity. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a cargo loading and unloading device for a dock, including a belt conveyor body, a guide block fixedly connected to the side wall of the belt conveyor body, and a conveying chute provided at the bottom of the belt conveyor body, with the outer wall of the conveying chute fixedly connected to the bottom of the guide block.

[0005] The loading mechanism has a conveying component fixedly installed on its side wall, and a drive component is installed at the bottom of the conveying component. The conveying component is used to convey brittle materials.

[0006] A cushioning assembly, mounted on the outer wall of the drive assembly, is used to mitigate the impact force of brittle goods; and

[0007] The diversion mechanism, located on the inner wall of the buffer assembly, is used to guide the flow of falling material.

[0008] A fixed sleeve is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the conveying chute, a spring piston ring is slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixed sleeve, and a connecting frame is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed sleeve.

[0009] The process involves conveying brittle materials into a conveying chute via a conveying component, then activating a drive component to release high-pressure gas from a buffer component, slowing the falling speed of the brittle materials and reducing their impact force. This effectively prevents the brittle materials from impacting the materials in the hold and causing damage. Finally, a diversion mechanism controls the flow position of the materials.

[0010] Preferably, the loading mechanism includes:

[0011] The conveying assembly is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the conveyor and on the outer wall of the belt conveyor body, and is used to convey brittle materials.

[0012] A drive assembly is fixedly installed on the side wall of the drive assembly and the outer wall of the conveying chute, and is used to push the buffer assembly down.

[0013] Preferably, the buffer component includes:

[0014] The reciprocating assembly is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the conveying chute and is used to reciprocate and compress gas.

[0015] The blocking assembly is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the spring piston ring by a fastener and is used to block gas.

[0016] The fastener includes a connecting ring fixedly connected to the bottom of the spring piston ring, and fourteen connecting rods are rotatably connected to the top of the connecting ring;

[0017] The collision component is fixedly installed at the bottom of the fixed sleeve and is used to allow brittle materials to collide with each other.

[0018] The process involves activating the drive component to lower the reciprocating component, compressing the gas and increasing its pressure. The reciprocating component then moves the sealing component, removing the obstruction to the gas and allowing it to spray out onto the falling material. This slows the material's descent, reduces its impact, and effectively prevents brittle materials from being damaged by strong impacts that could cause them to collide with each other, thus affecting their integrity.

[0019] Preferably, the diversion mechanism includes:

[0020] The flow guiding component is slidably mounted on the inner wall of the connecting frame via a slider, and is used to control the flow of material toward the collision component;

[0021] The sliding component includes two guide plates that are slidably connected to the inner wall of the connecting frame, and two sliding rods that are fixedly connected to the bottom of the spring piston ring;

[0022] The dispersion component is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the connecting frame by a support member and is used to quickly disperse materials.

[0023] The support includes two fixed frames that are fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting frame, and a rotating frame is rotatably connected to the inner wall of each of the two fixed frames;

[0024] When the reciprocating component moves, it drives the flow guiding component to move, guiding the material towards the collision component to prevent some material from falling in a concentrated manner and affecting the collision between materials. When the flow guiding component moves, it causes the dispersing component to move in the opposite direction to the flow guiding component, quickly dispersing the falling material and avoiding a large amount of material from concentrating and impacting the material pile, which could easily cause material breakage.

[0025] Preferably, the conveying assembly includes a gear ring rotatably connected to the outer wall of the conveying chute;

[0026] The drive assembly includes a motor fixedly connected to the side wall of the conveying chute, and a gear rod fixedly connected to the bottom output end of the motor, with the outer wall of the gear rod meshing with the outer wall of the gear ring.

[0027] The brittle material to be loaded is transported by the main belt conveyor, which moves the material toward the guide block. The guide block blocks block the material, allowing it to enter the conveying chute and fall into the ship's hold for loading.

[0028] Preferably, the reciprocating assembly includes a concave-convex ring fixedly connected to the bottom of the gear ring, and a plurality of air inlets are provided on the inner wall of the fixed sleeve;

[0029] When the material enters the conveying chute, the starting motor drives the gear rod to rotate, which meshes with the gear ring, causing the gear ring to rotate. The gear ring then drives the concave and convex rings to rotate. When the protruding part of the concave and convex rings contacts the spring piston ring, it will squeeze the spring piston ring to descend, allowing the spring piston ring to accumulate rebound force. When the spring piston ring descends and covers the air hole, it will squeeze the gas in the fixed sleeve.

[0030] Preferably, the sealing assembly includes fourteen limiting brackets fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed sleeve, and fourteen air jet holes are opened at both the conveying chute and the inner wall of the fixed sleeve, and a blocking rod is slidably connected to the inner wall of each of the fourteen air jet holes;

[0031] The side walls of the fourteen blocking rods are rotatably connected to the inner walls of the fourteen connecting rods, and the outer walls of the fourteen blocking rods are slidably connected to the inner walls of the fourteen limiting frames.

[0032] The compressed gas is blocked by the blocking rod, causing the gas pressure to increase. Simultaneously, as the spring piston ring descends, it pulls the connecting ring down, causing the connecting rod to rotate. This pulls the blocking rod towards the connecting ring. As the blocking rod continues to move, it separates from the jet nozzle, allowing high-pressure gas to be ejected through multiple jet nozzles onto the falling material. As the convex and concave rings continue to rotate, the concave position of the convex and concave rings contacts the spring piston rings again. At this point, the spring piston rings release their rebound force, returning to their original position. The air inlet then connects with the inside of the fixed sleeve, replenishing the gas supply. This process continues until the convex and concave rings again compress the spring piston rings, compressing the gas. This repeated process frequently ejects gas, creating a blocking gas film. When the material comes into contact with this film, it is blocked, slowing down the material's descent.

[0033] Preferably, the collision component includes two arc-shaped blocks fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting frame, and arc-shaped grooves are provided on the outer walls of the two arc-shaped blocks;

[0034] The material, after its descent speed is slowed, will partly enter the arc-shaped trough and partly fall between two arc-shaped blocks. When the material flows out of the arc-shaped trough, multiple streams of material will collide with each other. The air film will block the material, slowing its descent speed and reducing its impact force. Then, the material with reduced impact force will be divided into multiple streams, which will collide with each other. Because the impact force of the material is reduced, the kinetic energy of the material collision is low, so the collision is unlikely to break the material. The colliding material will consume its kinetic energy, further reducing its impact force. This effectively prevents brittle material from falling with a strong impact force and hitting the material in the ship's hold, causing damage to the material.

[0035] Preferably, the flow guiding assembly includes a connecting rod two rotatably connected to the bottom of the sliding rod one, and a sliding frame is fixedly connected to the side wall of each of the two flow guiding plates, and the side wall of each of the two sliding frames is rotatably connected to the inner wall of each of the two connecting rods two.

[0036] The outer walls of both sliding rods are slidably connected to the inner walls of the fixed sleeves, and the outer walls of both sliding frames are slidably connected to the outer walls of the connecting frame.

[0037] When the spring piston ring descends, it drives the sliding rod to descend as well. The sliding rod then pushes the connecting rod to rotate, which in turn pushes the sliding frame to move. This causes the sliding frame to move the guide plate, bringing the two guide plates closer together. When the falling material comes into contact with the guide plate, some of the material will flow along the slope of the guide plate towards the arc-shaped groove, allowing it to enter the arc-shaped groove. This ensures that the material is evenly distributed and effectively prevents the high-pressure gas ejected from the jet hole from blowing the material towards the center of the conveying chute. This prevents the material from concentrating and falling between the two arc-shaped blocks when the jet hole is spraying gas, which would otherwise affect the collision between the materials.

[0038] Preferably, the dispersing component includes two diversion blocks disposed at the bottom of the connecting frame, and two sliding rods are fixedly connected to the side walls of the two diversion blocks, and the outer walls of the two sliding rods are slidably connected to the inner walls of the two fixed frames.

[0039] The side walls of both sliding rods are slidably connected to the inner walls of the two rotating frames, and the bottoms of both sliding frames are slidably connected to the inner walls of the two rotating frames.

[0040] When the sliding frame moves, it pushes the rotating frame to rotate, causing the side of the rotating frame closer to the sliding frame to rotate towards the connecting frame, while the other side moves away from the connecting frame. The side that moves away from the connecting frame will pull the second sliding rod to move, which in turn will drive the diverting block to move, causing the two diverting blocks to move away from each other. When the material collides with each other and is discharged downwards, the material will come into contact with the diverting block. When the diverting block moves, it will spread the falling material and distribute it evenly, effectively preventing the material from colliding with each other and leaking out from one place. This would cause a large amount of material to concentrate and impact the material pile, which could easily cause the material to break.

[0041] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0042] (1) When using this invention, the material is conveyed by the conveying component and falls into the cabin along the conveying chute. Then, the motor is started to drive the gear rod to rotate, which drives the gear ring and the concave-convex ring to rotate. The concave-convex ring squeezes the reciprocating component to descend. The reciprocating component will squeeze the gas, which will increase the gas pressure. Then, the blocking component will remove the obstruction of the gas, and the high-pressure gas will be sprayed out through multiple jet holes to the falling material to form a blocking gas film. The material continues to fall. Through the collision component, multiple materials will collide with each other. The gas film blocks the material, slows down its falling speed, and reduces its impact force. Then, the material with reduced impact force is divided into multiple streams and the multiple streams collide with each other. Because the impact force of the material is reduced, the kinetic energy of the material collision is low. Therefore, the collision is unlikely to break the material. The colliding material will consume its kinetic energy, further reducing its impact force. This effectively prevents the brittle material from falling with a strong impact force and hitting the material in the cabin, causing damage to the material.

[0043] (2) When the spring piston ring descends, it will drive the sliding rod to descend as well. Through the flow guiding component, the two flow guiding plates will approach each other. When the falling material comes into contact with the flow guiding plate, some of the material will flow along the inclined surface of the flow guiding plate towards the arc groove, so that it enters the arc groove and the material is evenly distributed. This effectively prevents the material from being blown towards the center of the conveying chute when the high-pressure gas is ejected from the jet hole. This can easily cause some material to fall from the middle of the two arc blocks when the jet hole is ejected, affecting the collision between the materials.

[0044] (3) When the sliding frame moves, the present invention will push the rotating frame to rotate, so that the side of the rotating frame close to the sliding frame rotates towards the connecting frame, and the other side moves away from the connecting frame. The side that moves away will pull the second sliding rod to move, and the second sliding rod will drive the diverting block to move, so that the two diverting blocks move away from each other. When the material collides with each other and is discharged downward, the material will contact the diverting block. When the diverting block moves, it will spread the falling material and make the falling material evenly dispersed, effectively preventing the material from colliding with each other and leaking out from one place. This will cause more material to concentrate and impact the material pile, which will easily cause the material to break.

[0045] (4) When the spring piston ring rebounds and rises, it will drive the connecting ring to rise, which will push the connecting rod to rotate. The connecting rod will push the blocking rod to re-enter the jet hole. During the movement of the blocking rod, the material inside the blocking rod will be pushed out, making the jet hole unobstructed. This effectively prevents the material from getting stuck in the jet hole, which would block the amount of gas ejected, affect the formation of the gas film, and affect the blocking of the material. Attached Figure Description

[0046] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0047] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 3 This is a right-side view of the flow guide block of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the conveying chute of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the fixing sleeve of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the connecting frame of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0054] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the arc-shaped block of the present invention.

[0055] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0056] In the diagram: 1. Loading mechanism; 11. Conveying assembly; 12. Drive assembly; 111. Belt conveyor body; 112. Guide block; 113. Conveying chute; 114. Gear ring; 121. Motor; 122. Gear rod; 2. Buffer assembly; 21. Reciprocating assembly; 22. Sealing assembly; 23. Collision assembly; 211. Fixed sleeve; 212. Spring piston ring; 213. Concave-convex ring; 214. Air inlet; 221. Connecting... 222. Connecting ring; 223. Limiting frame; 224. Jet nozzle; 225. Blocking rod; 231. Connecting frame; 232. Arc block; 233. Arc groove; 3. Diverting mechanism; 31. Flow guiding assembly; 32. Dispersing assembly; 311. Flow guide plate; 312. Sliding rod one; 313. Connecting rod two; 314. Sliding frame; 321. Fixed frame; 322. Rotating frame; 323. Sliding rod two; 324. Diverting block. Detailed Implementation

[0057] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0058] Example 1, please refer to Figures 1-4 The present invention is a cargo loading and unloading device for a dock, including a belt conveyor body 111, a guide block 112 fixedly connected to the side wall of the belt conveyor body 111, and a conveying chute 113 provided at the bottom of the belt conveyor body 111, with the outer wall of the conveying chute 113 fixedly connected to the bottom of the guide block 112.

[0059] The loading mechanism 1 has a conveying assembly 11 fixedly installed on its side wall, and a driving assembly 12 is installed at the bottom of the conveying assembly 11. The conveying assembly 11 is used to convey brittle materials.

[0060] Buffer assembly 2, mounted on the outer wall of drive assembly 12, is used to mitigate the impact force of brittle goods; and

[0061] Diverting mechanism 3, located on the inner wall of buffer assembly 2, is used to guide the flow of falling material;

[0062] A fixed sleeve 211 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the conveying chute 113, a spring piston ring 212 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixed sleeve 211, and a connecting frame 231 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed sleeve 211.

[0063] In this process, brittle materials are conveyed into the conveying chute 113 via the conveying component 11. Then, by activating the drive component 12, high-pressure gas is ejected from the buffer component 2 to slow down the falling speed of the brittle materials and reduce their impact force. This effectively prevents the brittle materials from falling with a strong impact force and hitting the materials in the ship's hold, causing damage to the materials. Finally, the flow position of the materials is controlled by the diversion mechanism 3.

[0064] Loading mechanism 1 includes:

[0065] The conveying assembly 11 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the conveyor body 111 and is used to convey brittle materials.

[0066] The drive assembly 12 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the drive assembly 12 and the outer wall of the conveying chute 113, and is used to push the buffer assembly 2 down.

[0067] Buffer component 2 includes:

[0068] Reciprocating assembly 21 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the conveying chute 113 and is used to reciprocate and compress gas.

[0069] The sealing assembly 22 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the spring piston ring 212 by a fastener and is used to block gas.

[0070] The fastener includes a connecting ring 221 fixedly connected to the bottom of the spring piston ring 212, and fourteen connecting rods 222 rotatably connected to the top of the connecting ring 221;

[0071] Collision component 23 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the fixed sleeve 211 and is used to allow brittle materials to collide with each other.

[0072] Specifically, by activating the drive component 12, the reciprocating component 21 descends, compressing the gas and increasing the gas pressure. The reciprocating component 21 then drives the sealing component 22 to move, removing the obstruction to the gas and allowing the gas to spray out onto the falling material, slowing its descent speed and reducing its impact force. This effectively prevents brittle materials from being subjected to strong impacts, which could cause the material to collide with other materials rapidly, resulting in damage and affecting the integrity of the material.

[0073] Diversion mechanism 3 includes:

[0074] The flow guiding component 31 is slidably disposed on the inner wall of the connecting frame 231 via a slider, and is used to control the material to flow towards the collision component 23.

[0075] The sliding component includes two guide plates 311 that are slidably connected to the inner wall of the connecting frame 231, and two sliding rods 312 that are fixedly connected to the bottom of the spring piston ring 212;

[0076] The dispersion component 32 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting frame 231 by a support member, and is used to quickly disperse the material;

[0077] The support includes two fixed brackets 321 fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting frame 231, and a rotating bracket 322 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of each of the two fixed brackets 321;

[0078] When the reciprocating component 21 moves, it will drive the flow guiding component 31 to move, guiding the material towards the collision component 23 to prevent some material from falling in a concentrated manner and affecting the collision between materials. When the flow guiding component 31 moves, it will cause the dispersing component 32 to move in the opposite direction to the flow guiding component 31, quickly dispersing the falling material and avoiding a large amount of material from concentrating and impacting the material pile, which could easily cause the material to break.

[0079] Example 2, please refer to Figures 1-8 The present invention is a cargo loading and unloading device for a dock. Based on Example 1, the conveying assembly 11 includes a gear ring 114 rotatably connected to the outer wall of the conveying chute 113.

[0080] The drive assembly 12 includes a motor 121 fixedly connected to the side wall of the conveying chute 113. A gear rod 122 is fixedly connected to the bottom output end of the motor 121. The outer wall of the gear rod 122 meshes with the outer wall of the gear ring 114.

[0081] The brittle material to be loaded is conveyed by the belt conveyor body 111, and the material moves towards the guide block 112. The guide block 112 blocks the material and allows it to enter the conveying chute 113. The material then falls into the ship's hold along the conveying chute 113 to load the ship's hold.

[0082] The reciprocating assembly 21 includes a concave-convex ring 213 fixedly connected to the bottom of the gear ring 114, and a plurality of air inlets 214 are provided on the inner wall of the fixed sleeve 211.

[0083] When the material enters the conveying chute 113, the starting motor 121 drives the gear rod 122 to rotate, causing the gear rod 122 to mesh with the gear ring 114, which in turn drives the gear ring 114 to rotate. The gear ring 114 then drives the concave-convex ring 213 to rotate. When the protruding part of the concave-convex ring 213 contacts the spring piston ring 212, it will squeeze the spring piston ring 212 to descend, allowing the spring piston ring 212 to accumulate rebound force. When the spring piston ring 212 descends and covers the air hole 214, it will squeeze the gas in the fixed sleeve 211.

[0084] The sealing assembly 22 includes fourteen limiting brackets 223 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed sleeve 211. Fourteen air jet holes 224 are opened at both the inner wall of the conveying chute 113 and the inner wall of the fixed sleeve 211. A blocking rod 225 is slidably connected to the inner wall of each of the fourteen air jet holes 224.

[0085] The side walls of the fourteen blocking rods 225 are rotatably connected to the inner walls of the fourteen connecting rods 222, and the outer walls of the fourteen blocking rods 225 are slidably connected to the inner walls of the fourteen limiting brackets 223.

[0086] The compressed gas is blocked by the blocking rod 225, thus increasing the gas pressure. Simultaneously, as the spring piston ring 212 descends, it drives the connecting ring 221 to descend, pulling the connecting rod 222 to rotate. The connecting rod 222 then pulls the blocking rod 225 towards the connecting ring 221. As the blocking rod 225 continues to move, it separates from the jet hole 224, allowing high-pressure gas to be ejected through multiple jet holes 224 onto the falling material. With the concave-convex ring 2... As 13 continues to rotate, the concave position of the concave-convex ring 213 will contact the spring piston ring 212 again. At this time, the rebound force of the spring piston ring 212 will be released, causing it to return to its original position. The air inlet 214 will then connect with the inside of the fixed sleeve 211 to replenish the gas until the concave-convex ring 213 squeezes the spring piston ring 212 down again, squeezing the gas. This process is repeated, frequently spraying out gas to form a blocking gas film. When the material comes into contact with the gas film, it will be blocked, slowing down the falling speed of the material.

[0087] The collision component 23 includes two arc-shaped blocks 232 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting frame 231, and arc-shaped grooves 233 are provided on the outer walls of the two arc-shaped blocks 232.

[0088] The material, after its descent speed is slowed, will partly enter the arc-shaped groove 233 and partly fall between the two arc-shaped blocks 232. When the material flows out of the arc-shaped groove 233, multiple streams of material will collide with each other. The air film will block the material, slowing down its descent speed and reducing its impact force. Then, the material with reduced impact force will be divided into multiple streams, allowing them to collide with each other. Because the impact force of the material is reduced, the kinetic energy of the material collision is low, so the collision is unlikely to break the material. The colliding material will consume its kinetic energy, further reducing its impact force, effectively preventing brittle material from falling with a strong impact force and hitting the material in the hull, causing damage to the material.

[0089] The flow guiding assembly 31 includes a connecting rod 313 rotatably connected to the bottom of the sliding rod 312, and a sliding frame 314 fixedly connected to the side wall of each of the two flow guiding plates 311. The side wall of each of the two sliding frames 314 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the two connecting rods 313.

[0090] The outer walls of both sliding rods 312 are slidably connected to the inner walls of the fixed sleeve 211, and the outer walls of both sliding brackets 314 are slidably connected to the outer walls of the connecting frame 231.

[0091] When the spring piston ring 212 descends, it drives the sliding rod 312 to descend. The sliding rod 312 pushes the connecting rod 313 to rotate, and the connecting rod 313 pushes the sliding frame 314 to move. The sliding frame 314 pushes the guide plate 311 to move, so that the two guide plates 311 move closer to each other. When the falling material comes into contact with the guide plate 311, some of the material will flow along the slope of the guide plate 311 towards the arc groove 233, so that it enters the arc groove 233, making the material evenly distributed. This effectively prevents the material from being blown towards the center of the conveying chute 113 when high-pressure gas is ejected from the jet hole 224. This would cause some material to fall from the middle of the two arc blocks 232 when the jet hole 224 is ejected, affecting the collision between the materials.

[0092] The dispersing component 32 includes two diverting blocks 324 disposed at the bottom of the connecting frame 231. Each of the two diverting blocks 324 is fixedly connected to a sliding rod 323 on its side wall. The outer wall of each sliding rod 323 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the two fixed frames 321.

[0093] The side walls of both sliding rods 323 are slidably connected to the inner walls of both rotating frames 322, and the bottoms of both sliding frames 314 are slidably connected to the inner walls of both rotating frames 322.

[0094] When the sliding frame 314 moves, it pushes the rotating frame 322 to rotate, causing the side of the rotating frame 322 closer to the sliding frame 314 to rotate towards the connecting frame 231, while the other side moves away from the connecting frame 231. The side that moves away from the connecting frame 231 pulls the sliding rod 323 to move, which in turn drives the diverting block 324 to move, causing the two diverting blocks 324 to move away from each other. When the materials collide and are discharged downwards, they will come into contact with the diverting block 324. When the diverting block 324 moves, it will spread the falling materials and distribute them evenly, effectively preventing the materials from colliding with each other and leaking out from one place. This would cause a large amount of material to concentrate and impact the material pile, which could easily cause the material to break.

[0095] The number of the above components is not limited. Those skilled in the art can set it freely according to actual needs, as long as the above components are installed at the corresponding component connection positions.

[0096] A specific application of this embodiment is as follows: When using this invention, the brittle material to be loaded is conveyed by the belt conveyor body 111, allowing the material to move towards the guide block 112. The guide block 112 blocks the material, allowing it to enter the conveying chute 113 and fall into the ship's hold. Then, the motor 121 is started to drive the gear rod 122 to rotate, causing the gear rod 122 to mesh with the gear ring 114, which in turn drives the gear ring 114 to rotate. The gear ring 114 then drives the concave-convex ring 213 to rotate. When the protruding position of the concave-convex ring 213 is in contact with the spring... When the piston ring 212 contacts, it will compress the spring piston ring 212 to descend, allowing the spring piston ring 212 to accumulate rebound force. When the spring piston ring 212 descends and covers the air hole 214, it will compress the gas in the fixed sleeve 211. At this time, the compressed gas will be blocked by the blocking rod 225, so the gas pressure will increase. At the same time, when the spring piston ring 212 descends, it will drive the connecting ring 221 to descend, pulling the connecting rod 222 to rotate. The connecting rod 222 will pull the blocking rod 225 to move towards the connecting ring 221. As the blocking rod 225 continues to move;

[0097] The blocking rod 225 will then separate from the jet hole 224, allowing high-pressure gas to be ejected through multiple jet holes 224 onto the falling material. As the concave-convex ring 213 continues to rotate, the concave position of the concave-convex ring 213 will contact the spring piston ring 212 again. At this time, the rebound force of the spring piston ring 212 will be released, causing it to return to its original position. The air inlet 214 will then connect with the inside of the fixed sleeve 211 to replenish the gas until the concave-convex ring 213 squeezes the spring piston ring 212 down again, squeezing the gas. This process repeats, frequently ejecting gas to form a blocking gas film. When the material comes into contact with the gas film, it will be blocked, slowing down the falling speed of the material. As the material continues to descend, some of it will enter the arc-shaped groove 233, while some will fall between the two arc-shaped blocks 232. When the material flows out of the arc-shaped groove 233, multiple streams of material will collide with each other. The air film will block the material, slowing down its falling speed and reducing its impact force. Then, the material with reduced impact force will be divided into multiple streams, allowing them to collide with each other. Because the impact force of the material is reduced, the kinetic energy of the material collision is low, making it difficult for the material to break. The colliding material will consume its kinetic energy, further reducing its impact force, effectively preventing brittle material from falling with a strong impact force and hitting the material in the hull, causing damage to the material.

[0098] Secondly, when the spring piston ring 212 descends, it will drive the sliding rod 312 to descend. The sliding rod 312 will push the connecting rod 313 to rotate. The connecting rod 313 will push the sliding frame 314 to move, so that the sliding frame 314 pushes the guide plate 311 to move, so that the two guide plates 311 are close to each other. When the falling material comes into contact with the guide plate 311, some of the material will flow along the slope of the guide plate 311 towards the arc groove 233, so that it enters the arc groove 233, making the material evenly distributed. This effectively prevents the material from being blown towards the center of the conveying chute 113 when the high-pressure gas is ejected from the jet hole 224. This would cause some material to fall from the middle of the two arc blocks 232 when the jet hole 224 is ejected, affecting the collision between the materials.

[0099] Secondly, when the sliding frame 314 moves, it pushes the rotating frame 322 to rotate, causing the side of the rotating frame 322 closer to the sliding frame 314 to rotate towards the connecting frame 231, while the other side moves away from the connecting frame 231. The side moving away from the connecting frame 231 pulls the sliding rod 323 to move, which in turn drives the diverting block 324 to move, causing the two diverting blocks 324 to move away from each other. When the material collides with each other and is discharged downwards, the material will come into contact with the diverting block 324. When the diverting block 324 moves, it will cause the falling material to come into contact with the diverting block 324. When the spring piston ring 212 returns to its original position, it will cause the sliding rod 312 to rise. Through the connecting rod 313, it will pull the sliding frame 314 back to its original position. The sliding frame 314 will drive the rotating frame 322 back to its original position, causing the diverting block 324 to return to its original position. This process is repeated, causing the diverting block 324 to move back and forth, guiding the flow of falling material and dispersing the falling material evenly. This effectively prevents the material from colliding with each other and leaking out from one place, which would cause a large amount of material to impact the material pile and easily cause material breakage.

[0100] Secondly, when the spring piston ring 212 releases its rebound force and rises, it will drive the connecting ring 221 to rise, pushing the connecting rod 222 to rotate. This causes the connecting rod 222 to push the blocking rod 225 back into the jet hole 224. As the blocking rod 225 moves, it will push out the material inside the blocking rod 225, thus clearing the jet hole 224 and effectively preventing the material from getting stuck in the jet hole 224. This would prevent the amount of gas ejected from the jet hole from being blocked, affecting the formation of the gas film and the blocking effect on the material.

[0101] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A cargo loading and unloading device for a dock, comprising a belt conveyor body (111), wherein a guide block (112) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the belt conveyor body (111), and a conveying chute (113) is provided at the bottom of the belt conveyor body (111), wherein the outer wall of the conveying chute (113) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the guide block (112), characterized in that, Also includes: A loading mechanism (1) is provided with a conveying assembly (11) fixedly installed on the side wall of the loading mechanism (1), and a driving assembly (12) is installed at the bottom of the conveying assembly (11). The conveying assembly (11) is used to convey brittle materials. A buffer assembly (2), which is mounted on the outer wall of the drive assembly (12), is used to mitigate the impact force of brittle materials; and Diverting mechanism (3), which is located on the inner wall of buffer assembly (2), is used to guide the flow of falling material; A fixed sleeve (211) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the conveying chute (113), a spring piston ring (212) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixed sleeve (211), and a connecting frame (231) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed sleeve (211). In this process, brittle materials are conveyed into the conveying chute (113) by the conveying component (11), and then high-pressure gas is ejected from the buffer component (2) by starting the drive component (12) to slow down the falling speed of the brittle materials. Finally, the flow position of the materials is controlled by the diversion mechanism (3). The buffer component (2) includes: A reciprocating assembly (21) is fixedly disposed on the outer wall of the conveying chute (113) for reciprocating compression of gas; A blocking assembly (22) is fixedly mounted at the bottom of a spring piston ring (212) by a fastener to block gas; The fastener includes a connecting ring (221) fixedly connected to the bottom of the spring piston ring (212), and fourteen connecting rods (222) are rotatably connected to the top of the connecting ring (221). Collision assembly (23), which is fixedly disposed at the bottom of the fixed sleeve (211) for allowing brittle materials to collide with each other; In this process, by activating the drive component (12), the reciprocating component (21) is lowered, the gas is squeezed, and the gas pressure is increased. The reciprocating component (21) will drive the sealing component (22) to move, remove the obstruction of the gas, and allow the gas to spray out onto the falling material, thus slowing down its falling speed. The diversion mechanism (3) includes: The flow guiding component (31) is slidably disposed on the inner wall of the connecting frame (231) by means of a sliding member, and is used to control the material to flow towards the collision component (23); The sliding component includes two guide plates (311) slidably connected to the inner wall of the connecting frame (231), and two sliding rods (312) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the spring piston ring (212). Dispersion component (32), which is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the connecting frame (231) by a support member, is used to quickly disperse materials; The support includes two fixed frames (321) fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting frame (231), and a rotating frame (322) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of each of the two fixed frames (321). When the reciprocating component (21) moves, it will drive the flow guiding component (31) to move, guiding the material to move towards the collision component (23). When the flow guiding component (31) moves, it will cause the dispersing component (32) to move in the opposite direction to the flow guiding component (31), quickly dispersing the falling material.

2. A cargo loading and unloading device for a dock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading mechanism (1) includes: The conveying assembly (11) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the conveying assembly (11) and the outer wall of the belt conveyor body (111) for conveying brittle materials; A drive assembly (12) is fixedly disposed on the side wall of the drive assembly (12) and the outer wall of the conveying chute (113) for pushing the buffer assembly (2) down.

3. A cargo loading and unloading device for a dock according to claim 2, characterized in that: The conveying assembly (11) includes a gear ring (114) rotatably connected to the outer wall of the conveying chute (113). The drive assembly (12) includes a motor (121) fixedly connected to the side wall of the conveying chute (113). A gear rod (122) is fixedly connected to the bottom output end of the motor (121). The outer wall of the gear rod (122) meshes with the outer wall of the gear ring (114). In this process, the brittle material is conveyed by the belt conveyor body (111) to move towards the guide block (112). The brittle material will come into contact with the guide block (112) and enter the conveying chute (113) through the guide block (112) to load the ship's hold.

4. A cargo loading and unloading device for a dock according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reciprocating assembly (21) includes a concave-convex ring (213) fixedly connected to the bottom of the gear ring (114), and a plurality of air inlets (214) are provided on the inner wall of the fixed sleeve (211). When the material enters the conveying chute (113), the starting motor (121) drives the gear rod (122) to rotate, causing the gear ring (114) and the concave-convex ring (213) to rotate. The concave-convex ring (213) will squeeze the spring piston ring (212) to descend, squeezing the gas.

5. A cargo loading and unloading device for a dock according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sealing assembly (22) includes fourteen limiting brackets (223) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed sleeve (211). The conveying chute (113) and the inner wall of the fixed sleeve (211) are each provided with fourteen air jet holes (224). The inner walls of the fourteen air jet holes (224) are each slidably connected with a blocking rod (225). The side walls of the fourteen blocking rods (225) are rotatably connected to the inner walls of the fourteen connecting rods (222), and the outer walls of the fourteen blocking rods (225) are slidably connected to the inner walls of the fourteen limiting frames (223). The compressed gas is blocked by the blocking rod (225). When the spring piston ring (212) descends, it will drive the connecting ring (221) to descend, causing the blocking rod (225) to move, thus removing the obstruction of the gas and allowing the gas to spray out onto the falling material, slowing down the falling speed.

6. A cargo loading and unloading device for a dock according to claim 5, characterized in that: The collision component (23) includes two arc-shaped blocks (232) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting frame (231), and arc-shaped grooves (233) are provided on the outer walls of the two arc-shaped blocks (232). The material, whose falling speed has been slowed down, will enter the two arc-shaped grooves (233) and slide along the arc-shaped grooves (233), causing the material to collide with each other and consume its kinetic energy.

7. A cargo loading and unloading device for a dock according to claim 6, characterized in that: The flow guiding assembly (31) includes a connecting rod two (313) rotatably connected to the bottom of the sliding rod one (312), and a sliding frame (314) is fixedly connected to the side wall of each of the two flow guiding plates (311), and the side wall of each of the two sliding frames (314) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of each of the two connecting rod two (313). The outer walls of the two sliding rods (312) are slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixed sleeve (211), and the outer walls of the two sliding frames (314) are slidably connected to the outer wall of the connecting frame (231). When the spring piston ring (212) descends, it will drive the sliding rod (312) to descend, and through the connecting rod (313), it will push the two guide plates (311) to move closer to each other, guiding the material into the arc groove (233).

8. A cargo loading and unloading device for a dock according to claim 7, characterized in that: The dispersing component (32) includes two diversion blocks (324) disposed at the bottom of the connecting frame (231). Each of the two diversion blocks (324) is fixedly connected to a sliding rod (323) on its side wall. The outer walls of the two sliding rods (323) are slidably connected to the inner walls of the two fixing frames (321). The side walls of the two sliding rods (323) are slidably connected to the inner walls of the two rotating frames (322), and the bottoms of the two sliding frames (314) are slidably connected to the inner walls of the two rotating frames (322). When the sliding frame (314) moves, it will push the rotating frame (322) to rotate, pull the sliding rod (323) to move, and make the diverting block (324) move to guide the falling material to disperse.

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