Fly maggot protein edible film as well as preparation method and application thereof
By combining fly larvae protein with nano-root materials and insect antimicrobial peptides, an edible fly larvae protein film has been prepared, which solves the problems of high cost and insufficient performance of existing film materials and realizes efficient and environmentally friendly food packaging and cooking applications.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511416742.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-18
AI Technical Summary
Existing edible film materials are expensive and have limited properties, making it difficult to meet the needs of food preservation and convenient cooking. When fly larvae protein is used as a film-forming material, it is brittle and has poor extensibility, making it difficult to meet packaging requirements.
Using raw materials such as fly larva albumin, fly larva globulin, insect antimicrobial peptides, and nano-root materials, edible fly larva protein films are prepared by wet planetary ball milling. The antibacterial and antioxidant properties of nano-root materials are utilized to enhance the film performance.
The prepared fly larvae protein edible film has excellent antibacterial, antioxidant, mechanical and barrier properties, and is suitable for food packaging, promoting the high-value utilization of fly larvae protein and the industrial production of edible films.
Smart Images
Figure CN120966256A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the field of edible film, in particular to a fly maggot protein edible film, a preparation method and application thereof. BACKGROUND
[0002] The packaging industry is facing the dual challenges of environmental pollution and performance improvement, and traditional packaging materials are difficult to degrade. As a green and environmentally friendly material, degradable packaging materials can be decomposed into harmless substances in the natural environment through the action of microorganisms, light, heat, etc., reducing pollution to the environment. Domestic and foreign scholars have also tried to use cellulose, gelatin or chitosan and other materials to prepare degradable films. These raw materials have high cost; the properties of films prepared from different materials have great differences, and the properties of these films are usually limited, which is difficult to meet the demand of edible film that can both preserve food and facilitate cooking.
[0003] Fly maggots have strong reproductive capacity, low breeding cost and high yield, and can convert decaying organic waste into resourceful and high-nutrition substances (such as protein), which helps to reduce the negative impact of organic waste on the environment and achieve economic and environmental sustainable development, providing sufficient raw materials for the production of natural protein, and having high application value. However, fly maggot protein is mainly arthropod protein, which lacks elastin, has high brittleness, poor ductility, low tensile strength and weak toughness, and the film-forming ability is difficult to meet the packaging demand. At present, there is no relevant report on the exploration of fly maggot protein as an edible film packaging material. Fly maggot protein can promote the high-value utilization of fly maggots and solve the environmental problems caused by traditional packaging, so it is of great significance to explore the potential of fly maggot protein edible film in packaging and protecting food and facilitating cooking. SUMMARY
[0004] One of the purposes of the present application is to provide a fly maggot protein edible film to solve the defects of limited types and properties in the preparation process of the edible film in the prior art.
[0005] The second purpose of the present application is to provide a preparation method of fly maggot protein edible film, which is simple and easy to operate, and has low process cost.
[0006] The third purpose of the present application is to provide an application of fly maggot protein edible film.
[0007] The technical solution adopted by one of the purposes of the present application is: a fly maggot protein edible film, comprising the following raw materials in percentage by weight: fly maggot albumin 1%-20%, fly maggot globulin 1%-20%, nano root material 0.1%-5%, insect antibacterial peptide 0.5%-5%, plasticizer 0.1%-1%, and the balance is water, and the total weight percentage of all raw materials is 100%.
[0008] In the raw material of the present application, the fly maggot albumin is a single-chain polypeptide composed of amino acid residues, the fly maggot globulin is a compact spherical or ellipsoidal globular protein composed of multiple amino acid residues and having secondary structures such as helix and fold, which can synergistically enhance the performance of fly maggot protein; the insect antibacterial peptide can further modify the antibacterial performance and film-forming performance of fly maggot protein by virtue of its compatibility; the nanometer root material has excellent antibacterial and antioxidant properties, and at the same time, based on its "filling" effect, further enhances the network structure, film-forming ability and functional properties of the fly maggot protein complex liquid.
[0009] Preferably, the nanometer root material is at least one of coriander nanometer root material, alfalfa nanometer root material, and epimedium nanometer root material.
[0010] The coriander nanometer root material, the alfalfa nanometer root material, and the epimedium nanometer root material all have antibacterial and antioxidant properties.
[0011] The preparation method of the nanometer root material is as follows: (1) washing the coriander root, the alfalfa root, or the epimedium root, slicing, and freeze-drying; (2) low-temperature dry ball milling by a planetary ball mill to prepare the nanometer root material, and storing at 4°C for later use.
[0012] The ball milling temperature is 4-15°C, the ball milling time is 0.5-5h, the ball milling speed is 100-1500 r / min, and the material-to-ball ratio is 0.001-0.900.
[0013] Preferably, the plasticizer is polyethylene glycol or glycerol, and the molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol is 200-2000.
[0014] Preferably, the polyethylene glycol is polyethylene glycol 200 or polyethylene glycol 2000.
[0015] Preferably, the extraction method of the fly maggot albumin and the fly maggot globulin comprises the following steps: A1, freezing, drying, and grinding the fly maggot into powder, and then defatting; A2, low-temperature planetary dry ball milling of the defatted sample obtained in A1 to prepare fly maggot defatted powder; A3, dissolving the fly maggot defatted powder in water and stirring to disperse uniformly; A4, simultaneously applying an electrostatic field to the system of A3 to perform electroporation, promoting the separation between the protein and other impurities, to increase the protein extraction rate, and obtaining a mixed liquid; A5, centrifuging the mixed liquid to take the supernatant, obtaining an albumin solution, dialyzing, freeze-drying to obtain fly maggot albumin; A6, the precipitate after centrifugation in step A5 is dissolved with a salt solution, stirred uniformly, and an electrostatic field is applied to the system at the same time, and finally centrifuged to obtain a globin solution, and the fly maggot globin is obtained by dialysis, desalination and freeze-drying.
[0016] Preferably, in step A1, the fly maggot powder is defatted by Soxhlet oil extraction, in step A2, the ball milling speed is 100-1500 r / min, and the ball milling temperature is 4-15 DEG C; in step A3, the stirring speed is 500-1500 r / min, the time is 1-5 h, and the temperature is 35-50 DEG C; in step A4, the electrostatic field is 10-500 kV, and the electrostatic field treatment time is 0.5-5 h; in step A6, the salt is at least one of sodium chloride and sodium sulfate, the salt solution concentration is 0.01-0.5 M, the stirring speed is 500-1500 r / min, the stirring time is 1-5 h, the electrostatic field is 10-500 kV, and the electrostatic field treatment time is 0.5-5 h.
[0017] Preferably, the insect antibacterial peptide is at least one of Drosophila antibacterial peptide, fruit fly antibacterial peptide, Periplaneta americana antibacterial peptide, cigarette beetle antibacterial peptide, cotton bollworm antibacterial peptide, locust antibacterial peptide, yellow mealworm antibacterial peptide, double-spotted cricket antibacterial peptide, honeybee antibacterial peptide, mealworm antibacterial peptide, bright spot flat angle antibacterial peptide, Monochamus alternatus antibacterial peptide, peach borer antibacterial peptide, and earthworm antibacterial peptide.
[0018] The second purpose of the present application is achieved by the technical scheme of a fly maggot protein edible film preparation method, comprising the following steps: B1, adding fly maggot albumin into deionized water to obtain a fly maggot albumin aqueous solution after dissolution; B2, adding fly maggot globin and a plasticizer to the fly maggot albumin aqueous solution obtained in B1 to obtain a fly maggot albumin / globin primary dispersion liquid after homogenization; B3, adding an insect antibacterial peptide to the fly maggot albumin / globin aqueous solution obtained in B2 to obtain a crude dispersion liquid after mixing uniformly; B4, adding nano root material to the crude dispersion liquid obtained in B3 to obtain a film forming liquid filled with nano root material through wet planetary ball milling; B5, printing the film forming liquid on a substrate, leveling, drying, and then peeling off the film to obtain the fly maggot protein edible film.
[0019] In the preparation method of the present application, the physical continuous modification means of wet planetary ball milling is used to promote the uniform dispersion of each component in the system through the mutual collision effect, and the film forming liquid filled with nano root material is obtained, so that the system has excellent rheological properties, and the stable edible film is easily formed, and the film has good antibacterial performance, antioxidant performance, mechanical properties, barrier properties and other properties.
[0020] Preferably, in step B2, the homogenization speed is 500-20000 r / min, and the time is 0.5-10 min; in step B4, the planetary ball milling speed is 100-500 r / min, the treatment time is 1-5 h, and the temperature is 25-30 DEG C; in step B5, screen printing is adopted, the printing speed is 10-100 mm / s, and the printing angle is 15 DEG-75 DEG.
[0021] The application achieves the third object by adopting the technical scheme of applying the fly maggot protein edible film to food packaging.
[0022] Preferably, the fly maggot protein edible film is applied to at least one of food inner packaging, meat packaging, and fruit microporous packaging.
[0023] The fly maggot protein edible film has excellent antibacterial property, antioxidant property, mechanical property, and barrier property, can be used as food inner packaging to increase food flavor and nutrition during cooking, can be used as antioxidant / antibacterial packaging to preserve meat (including fresh meat and cured meat), and can be used as microporous packaging to preserve fruit.
[0024] The application has the following advantages and beneficial effects: The fly maggot protein used in the application can be used as a main film-forming material, has excellent nutritional property, biocompatibility, biodegradability, film-forming property, and the like, can be used to prepare an edible film, and the insect antibacterial peptide and nano filler can further synergistically improve the antibacterial property, antioxidant property, mechanical property, and barrier property of the film, which is conducive to the industrialized production of the edible film, can expand the application of the fly maggot protein in the food field, and promotes the high-value utilization of the fly maggot protein.
[0025] The fly maggot used in the application is a conventional commercially available product, and the extraction method has the characteristics of greenness, high efficiency, environmental protection, safety, and sustainability.
[0026] The production equipment used in the preparation method of the application is conventional and easily available mechanical equipment, which is controllable in cost and simple in operation, and is conducive to realizing large-scale industrialized production and actual packaging application of the fly maggot protein edible film.
[0027] The fly maggot protein edible film has the functions of protection, flavor, and nutrition, can be applied to food preservation and food cooking, and has a good market application prospect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0028] Figure 1 The fly maggot protein extraction process of the application; Figure 2 The figure shows the actual photos of the film (a) made of the primary dispersion solution, the film (b) made of the coarse dispersion liquid, and the film (c) made of the filled film-forming liquid in Example 1 of the application. Figure 3 The creep recovery rate (a) of the initial dispersion solution, coarse dispersion liquid, and film-forming liquid in Example 1 of the present invention, and the UV irradiation stability (b) of the film made from the initial dispersion solution, the film made from the coarse dispersion liquid, and the film-forming liquid. Figure 4 The creep recovery rate (a) and UV irradiation stability of the film-forming solution based on fly larvae protein under different ball milling times in Example 2 of the present invention are shown in Example 2. Figure 5 The antibacterial and antioxidant properties of the films made from the initial dispersion solution, the coarse dispersion solution, and the film-forming solution filled in Example 3 of the present invention; Figure 6 The following are evaluations of the high-temperature cooking taste of the fly larvae protein edible film and the polyethylene film in Example 3 of this invention: (a) evaluation of the taste of the food and (b) storage period of the millet porridge. Figure 7 The mechanical properties and (b) barrier properties of the films made from the initial dispersion solution, the coarse dispersion solution, and the film-forming liquid filling solution in Example 4 of the present invention are as follows: Figure 8 The following parameters are used to describe the (a) biodegradability, (b) fresh meat (pork) preservation ability, (c) cured meat preservation ability and (d) fruit preservation ability of the film made from a commercial substrate (polyethylene film, polylactic acid film or paper) and a film-forming liquid filled in Example 4 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0029] To better understand the present invention, the following embodiments are further illustrations of the present invention, but the content of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
[0030] The fly maggot protein described in this embodiment of the invention is fly maggot protein obtained through fly maggot treatment. Commercially purchased fly maggots are processed using the following process to obtain fly maggot protein.
[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, the method for obtaining fly larvae albumin and fly larvae globulin from fly larvae includes the following steps: A1. Freeze, dry, and grind fly larvae into powder, and then degrease the fly larvae powder using the Soxhlet oil extraction method.
[0032] A2. The defatted sample obtained in A1 was subjected to low-temperature planetary dry ball milling to prepare fly larva defatted powder.
[0033] A3. Dissolve the defatting powder in water and disperse it using a mechanical stirrer to promote the reaction.
[0034] A4, the static field is applied to the system A3, the temporary micropore (electroporation) is formed, the separation between the protein and other impurities is promoted, the protein extraction rate is increased, and then the mixed solution is obtained.
[0035] A5, the mixed solution is moved to a centrifugal tube, the supernatant is obtained after centrifugation, the albumin solution is obtained, dialysis and freeze-drying are carried out, and the fly maggot albumin is obtained.
[0036] A6, the precipitate in step A5 is dissolved by NaCl, a mechanical stirrer and a static field are combined, then the centrifuge is separated, the globulin solution is obtained, and finally the fly maggot globulin is obtained by dialysis, desalination and freeze-drying.
[0037] A7, the above protein is placed in a refrigerator for standby.
[0038] In the step A1, the temperature is 25-40℃; in the step A2, the planetary ball mill speed is 100-1500 r / min, and the temperature is 4-15℃; in the step A3, the mechanical stirrer speed is 500-1500 r / min, the time is 1-5 h, and the temperature is 35-50℃; in the step A4, the static field is 10-500 kV, and the time is 0.5-5 h; in the step A5, the centrifugation time is 10-50 min, and the speed is 5000-10000 r / min; in the step A6, the NaCl solution concentration is 0.01-0.5 M, the mechanical stirrer speed is 500-1500 r / min, the static field is 10-500 kV, the time is 1-5 h and 0.5-5 h respectively, the centrifugation time is 10-50 min, and the speed is 5000-10000 r / min.
[0039] The preparation method of the nano root material in the embodiment of the application comprises the following steps: (1) washing coriander roots, alfalfa roots or epimedium roots, cutting into thin slices, and freeze-drying; (2) low-temperature dry ball milling is carried out by a planetary ball mill to prepare a nano root material, and the nano root material is stored in a refrigerator at 4℃ for standby.
[0040] The ball milling temperature is 4-15℃, the ball milling time is 0.5-5 h, the ball milling speed is 100-1500 r / min, and the material ball ratio is 0.001-0.900.
[0041] Example 1 A preparation method of a fly maggot protein-based edible film, comprising the following steps: adding fly maggot white albumin into deionized water, dissolving to obtain a fly maggot white albumin aqueous solution; adding fly maggot globin and polyethylene glycol 200, and preparing a fly maggot white / globin primary dispersion solution (fly maggot white / globin base liquid) by a homogenizer (10000 r / min, 2 min); adding fruit fly antibacterial peptide, and preliminarily promoting the mixing of the components by a mechanical stirrer (1000 r / min, 30 min) and ultrasonic (10 min) to obtain a coarse dispersion liquid (fly maggot white / globin / fruit fly antibacterial peptide); then adding coriander nanometer root material, and performing physical continuous modification by a wet planetary ball mill (200 r / min, 3 h), so as to promote the uniform dispersion of the components in the system by means of the mutual collision effect, and to obtain a filling film forming liquid (fly maggot white / globin / fruit fly antibacterial peptide / coriander nanometer root material). The film forming liquid comprises, in percentage by mass, fly maggot white albumin (20%), fly maggot globin (0.5%), fruit fly antibacterial peptide (0.5%), coriander nanometer root material (0.1%), polyethylene glycol 200 (0.1%), and the balance being water. Finally, the film forming liquid is printed on a substrate by a screen printing machine, and after leveling, drying and film peeling, a fly maggot protein-based edible film is obtained.
[0042] The primary dispersion solution (fly maggot white / globin base liquid), the coarse dispersion liquid (fly maggot white / globin / fruit fly antibacterial peptide) and the filling film forming liquid (fly maggot white / globin / fruit fly antibacterial peptide / coriander nanometer root material) are respectively prepared into films, and the actual photos are as shown in Figure 2 The film prepared from the primary dispersion solution (fly maggot white / globin base liquid) is brittle and difficult to peel, the film prepared from the coarse dispersion liquid (fly maggot white / globin / fruit fly antibacterial peptide) is brittle and has poor toughness, and the film prepared from the filling film forming liquid (fly maggot white / globin / fruit fly antibacterial peptide / coriander nanometer root material) is easy to peel, has good integrity and good flexibility.
[0043] Compared with other dispersion solutions, the filling film forming liquid (fly maggot white / globin / fruit fly antibacterial peptide / coriander nanometer root material) with the addition of coriander nanometer root material has a higher creep recovery rate (a in Figure 3 and exhibits better stability, and thus is more conducive to film formation. Figure 3 The change rate of the opacity of the prepared film after UV irradiation for 12 h is shown in Fig. b in the drawings, and it can be seen from the drawings that the film prepared from the filling film forming liquid (fly maggot white / globin / fruit fly antibacterial peptide / coriander nanometer root material) with the addition of coriander nanometer root material has better UV irradiation stability, and thus the film can be applied to protect food from the influence of ultraviolet rays.
[0044] Example 2 A fly maggot protein-based edible film preparation method, comprising the following steps: adding fly maggot white albumin into deionized water, dissolving to obtain a fly maggot white albumin aqueous solution; adding fly maggot globin and polyethylene glycol 200, and preparing a fly maggot white / globin primary dispersion solution (fly maggot white / globin base liquid) through a homogenizer (10000 r / min, 2 min); adding a doliolum antimicrobial peptide, and preliminarily promoting the mixing of each component to obtain a coarse dispersion liquid (fly maggot white / globin / doliolum antimicrobial peptide) through a mechanical stirrer (1000 r / min, 30 min) and ultrasonic (10 min); then adding coriander nanometer root material, and performing physical continuous modification through a wet planetary ball mill (100 r / min, 0, 1 h, 2 h, 3 h, 4 h and 5 h), so as to promote the uniform dispersion of each component in the system by means of the mutual collision effect, and obtain a filling film-forming liquid (fly maggot white / globin / doliolum antimicrobial peptide / coriander nanometer root material). The film-forming liquid comprises, in percentage by mass: fly maggot white albumin (20%), fly maggot globin (0.5%), doliolum antimicrobial peptide (0.5%), coriander nanometer root material (0.1%), polyethylene glycol 200 (0.1%), and the balance being water. Finally, the film-forming liquid is printed on a substrate through a silk screen printing machine, and after leveling, drying and film peeling.
[0045] Compared with other aqueous solutions, the filling film-forming liquid (fly maggot white / globin / doliolum antimicrobial peptide / coriander nanometer root material) with a proper wet ball milling time (≥3 h) has a higher creep recovery rate (a) Figure 4 The film prepared from the filling film-forming liquid (fly maggot white / globin / doliolum antimicrobial peptide / coriander nanometer root material) with a proper wet ball milling time (≥3 h) has a better stability and film-forming property. Figure 4 The film prepared from the filling film-forming liquid (fly maggot white / globin / doliolum antimicrobial peptide / coriander nanometer root material) with a proper wet ball milling time (≥3 h) has a low opacity change rate and better UV irradiation stability, and therefore, the film can also be applied to protect food from ultraviolet radiation.
[0046] Example 3 A preparation method of a fly maggot protein-based edible film, comprising the following steps: adding fly maggot white albumin into deionized water, dissolving to obtain a fly maggot white albumin aqueous solution; adding fly maggot globin and glycerol, and preparing a fly maggot white / globin initial dispersion solution (fly maggot white / globin base liquid) through a homogenizer (500 r / min, 10 min); adding an American cock antibacterial peptide, and preliminarily promoting mixing of the components to obtain a coarse dispersion liquid (fly maggot white / globin / American cock antibacterial peptide) through a mechanical stirrer (1000 r / min, 30 min) and ultrasonic (10 min); then adding alfalfa nanometer root material, and performing physical continuous modification through a wet planetary ball mill (100 r / min, 5 h), so that the components in the system are uniformly dispersed by means of the mutual collision effect, to obtain a filling film-forming liquid (fly maggot white / globin / American cock antibacterial peptide / alfalfa nanometer root material). The film-forming liquid comprises, in percentage by mass, fly maggot white albumin (1%), fly maggot globin (5%), American cock antibacterial peptide (5.0%), alfalfa nanometer root material (0.1%), glycerol (0.1%), and the balance being water. Finally, the film-forming liquid is printed on a substrate through a screen printing machine, and is leveled, dried and then peeled off.
[0047] For the film antibacterial property ( Figure 5 In a), the filling film-forming liquid (fly maggot white / globin / American cock antibacterial peptide / alfalfa nanometer root material) added with alfalfa nanometer root material has the best antibacterial property, and the antibacterial circle diameter is greater than 20 mm; meanwhile, the film prepared from the filling film-forming liquid (fly maggot white / globin / American cock antibacterial peptide / alfalfa nanometer root material) has the best antioxidant property ( Figure 5 In b), therefore, the film can be applied to protect food, control food microbial contamination and reduce food oxidation. Meanwhile, compared with the existing polyethylene film, the fly maggot protein edible film (fly maggot white / globin / American cock antibacterial peptide / alfalfa nanometer root material) can be directly cooked with brown rice, tremella soup or millet without tearing the film, and has good food high-temperature cooking taste property ( Figure 6 In a) and a longer low-temperature storage period ( Figure 6 In b), therefore, the film can be applied to food cooking and preservation.
[0048] Example 4 A preparation method of a fly maggot protein-based edible film, comprising the following steps: adding fly maggot white albumin into deionized water, dissolving to obtain a fly maggot white albumin aqueous solution; adding fly maggot globin and polyethylene glycol 200, and preparing a fly maggot white / globin primary dispersion solution (fly maggot white / globin-based liquid) by treating with a homogenizer (2000 r / min, 0.5 min); adding a tobacco beetle antibacterial peptide, and preliminarily promoting mixing of the components to obtain a coarse dispersion liquid (fly maggot white / globin / tobacco beetle antibacterial peptide) by a mechanical stirrer (1000 r / min, 30 min) and ultrasonic (10 min); subsequently adding an epimedium nanometer root material, and performing physical continuous modification by a wet planetary ball mill (500 r / min, 1 h), so as to promote uniform dispersion of the components in the system by means of an alternating collision effect, and to obtain a filling film-forming liquid (fly maggot white / globin / tobacco beetle antibacterial peptide / epimedium nanometer root material). The film-forming liquid comprises, in percentage by mass, fly maggot white albumin (20%), fly maggot globin (20%), tobacco beetle antibacterial peptide (0.5%), epimedium nanometer root material (1%), polyethylene glycol 200 (1.0%), and the balance being water. Finally, the film-forming liquid is printed on a substrate by a screen printing machine, and after leveling and drying, the film is peeled off.
[0049] The film prepared from the filling film-forming liquid (fly maggot white / globin / tobacco beetle antibacterial peptide / epimedium nanometer root material) added with the epimedium nanometer root material has optimal mechanical properties (tensile strength) Figure 7 in the middle a), and simultaneously has optimal water vapor and oxygen barrier properties (water vapor and oxygen barrier properties) Figure 7 in the middle b).
[0050] Compared with commercial films (polyethylene film and polylactic acid film), the fly maggot white / globin / tobacco beetle antibacterial peptide / epimedium nanometer root material-based film has optimal soil degradability (1 month) Figure 8 in the middle a); the film can prolong the shelf life of fresh meat (pork) Figure 8 in the middle b) and cured meat Figure 8 in the middle c); and simultaneously, porous packaging based on the film can effectively slow down the strawberry rot rate Figure 8 in 10 days
[0051] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and of course cannot limit the scope of protection of the present application, and it should be pointed out that, for ordinary skilled persons in the art, without departing from the principles of the present application, a number of improvements and changes can be made, and these improvements and changes are also regarded as the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. An edible film containing fly maggot protein, characterized in that: The following raw materials are included by weight percentage: Fly larva albumin 1%-20%, fly larva globulin 1%-20%, nano-root material 0.1%-5%, insect antimicrobial peptide 0.5%-5%, plasticizer 0.1%-1%, the balance is water, and the total weight percentage of all raw materials is 100%.
2. The edible fly larvae protein film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nano-root material is at least one of coriander nano-root material, alfalfa nano-root material, and epimedium nano-root material.
3. The edible fly larvae protein film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plasticizer is polyethylene glycol or glycerin, and the molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol is 200-2000.
4. The edible fly larvae protein film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extraction method of fly larva albumin and fly larva globulin includes the following steps: A1. Fly larvae are frozen, dried, pulverized into powder, and then degreased; A2. The defatted sample obtained in A1 was subjected to low-temperature planetary dry ball milling to prepare fly larva defatted powder; A3. Dissolve the defatting powder of fly larvae in water and stir to disperse evenly; A4. Simultaneously apply an electrostatic field to the A3 system to perform electroporation, which promotes the separation of proteins from other impurities, thereby increasing the protein extraction rate and obtaining a mixture. A5. After centrifuging the mixture, take the supernatant to obtain the albumin solution. Dialyze and freeze-dry to obtain fly larva albumin. A6. Dissolve the precipitate after centrifugation in step A5 with salt solution, stir evenly, apply an electrostatic field to the system, and finally centrifuge to separate the globulin solution. Dialyze, desalt, and freeze-dry to obtain fly maggot globulin.
5. The edible fly larvae protein film according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step A2, the ball milling speed is 100-1500 r / min, and the ball milling temperature is 4-15℃; in step A3, the stirring speed is 500-1500 r / min, the time is 1-5 h, and the temperature is 35-50℃; in step A4, the electrostatic field is 10-500 kV, and the electrostatic field treatment time is 0.5-5 h; in step A6, the salt is at least one of sodium chloride and sodium sulfate, the salt solution concentration is 0.01-0.5 M, the stirring speed is 500-1500 r / min, the stirring time is 1-5 h, the electrostatic field is 10-500 kV, and the electrostatic field treatment time is 0.5-5 h.
6. The edible fly larvae protein film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insect antimicrobial peptide is at least one of the following: fruit fly antimicrobial peptide, American cockroach antimicrobial peptide, tobacco beetle antimicrobial peptide, cotton bollworm antimicrobial peptide, locust antimicrobial peptide, yellow mealworm antimicrobial peptide, two-spotted cricket antimicrobial peptide, honeybee antimicrobial peptide, rice weevil antimicrobial peptide, bright-spotted flat-horned soldier fly antimicrobial peptide, pine longhorn beetle antimicrobial peptide, peach borer antimicrobial peptide, and earthworm antimicrobial peptide.
7. A method for preparing an edible fly larvae protein film as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: B1. Add fly larva albumin to deionized water and dissolve to obtain an aqueous solution of fly larva albumin; B2. Add maggot globulin and plasticizer to the aqueous solution of maggot albumin obtained in B1, and homogenize to obtain the initial dispersion of maggot albumin / globulin. B3. Add insect antimicrobial peptides to the fly larva albumin / globulin aqueous solution obtained in B2, mix well, and obtain a coarse dispersion; B4. Add nano-root material to the coarse dispersion obtained in B3, and disperse it evenly by wet planetary ball milling to obtain a film-forming liquid based on nano-root material filling. B5. Print the film-forming solution onto the substrate, level it, dry it, and then peel off the film to obtain the edible fly larvae protein film.
8. The method for preparing the edible fly larvae protein film according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step B2, the homogenization speed is 500-20000 r / min and the time is 0.5-10 min; in step B4, the planetary ball milling speed is 100-500 r / min, the treatment time is 1-5 h, and the temperature is 25-30℃; in step B5, screen printing is used, the printing speed is 10-100 mm / s, and the printing angle is 15°-75°.
9. The application of an edible fly larvae protein film as described in any one of claims 1-6 or an edible fly larvae protein film prepared by the preparation method as described in any one of claims 7 or 8, characterized in that: The edible film containing fly larvae protein is applied to food packaging.
10. The application according to claim 9, characterized in that: The edible fly larvae protein film is applied to at least one of the following: food inner packaging, meat packaging, and fruit microporous packaging.