Construction method of large-span truss roof structure

Abstract

The present application relates to truss roof bifurcation column construction technology, disclose a kind of construction method of large-span truss roof structure, comprising the following construction steps: pre-processing treatment, and the top of box column and the outer wall of box connecting piece welding outer lug plate, and box connecting piece is positioned and assembled by pin shaft at the top of box column, while bifurcation column bottom center is welded with positioning cable band;Ground assembly, complete the segmented assembly of roof truss, and the assembly connection of roof truss and bifurcation column is completed on ground;Hoisting positioning, box column hoisting is carried out using hoisting facilities;Then the combination of roof truss and bifurcation column is hoisted;Assembling splicing makes the lower end of the positioning cable band of bifurcation column bottom be introduced into the upper end port of box connecting piece and be limited;The construction method of large-span truss roof structure can quickly realize the aerial work assembling positioning of truss roof structure, especially for the bifurcation column assembly of truss roof, the quick alignment and reinforcement of bifurcation column and box column can be realized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of truss roof bifurcated column construction, in particular to a construction method of large-span truss roof structure. BACKGROUND

[0002] Large-span truss roof structure is used in large steel structure facilities, which is an embodiment of modern building technology. Its application includes but is not limited to large factory buildings, sports venues or exhibition centers and other scenes with large space requirements. Truss roof structure is widely used due to its excellent spanning capacity and relatively economical characteristics, and is continuously innovated and developed. The large-span truss roof structure, whether it is a planar truss, a triangular truss or a spatial tube truss, relies on standard parts to be spliced and welded on site through node plates, intersecting nodes and spherical nodes. Through splicing, positioning and welding reinforcement process, the assembly installation of the truss structure is completed, which can greatly improve the construction efficiency. At the same time, using the assembly and prefabrication construction process can reduce the use of the site by the construction site and also reduce the environmental impact and construction obstacles caused by construction.

[0003] However, the existing large-span truss roof structure also has some difficulties and obstacles in construction operation. In particular, the hoisting operation of the truss roof structure, the assembly between the bifurcated column node of the truss roof structure and the steel structure stress column (box column), often causes difficulties in the connection between the hoisted bifurcated column node and the box column due to gravity load and wind load during hoisting operation. After the initial butt joint, the positioning pin holes between the box column and the bifurcated column are deviated, which is not easy to align and use the pin shaft for reinforcement. The existing method of using an external scaffold reinforcement platform and a hydraulic adjustment assembly for orientation adjustment is difficult to operate and has low efficiency.

[0004] In view of the above problems, it is necessary to innovate and design on the basis of the original large-span truss roof structure construction method. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a construction method of large-span truss roof structure to solve the problems of slow operation of the existing construction method, low alignment efficiency between the box column and the bifurcated column due to gravity load and other external forces during hoisting of the truss, difficult operation of the construction operation, and low safety.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a construction method of large-span truss roof structure, comprising the following construction steps:

[0007] S1: pre-processing treatment, welding outer ear plate on the top of box column and the outer wall of box connector, and assembling box connector through pin shaft positioning at the top of box column, and welding positioning cable at the center of the bottom of bifurcated column;

[0008] S2: ground assembly, setting assembly frame on the ground, completing segmented assembly of roof truss, and assembling and connecting roof truss and bifurcated column on the ground;

[0009] S3: hoisting and positioning, determining the positioning position of box column through total station and foundation, hoisting box column through hoisting facilities, connecting the bottom of box column and foundation, and completing the positioning of the two; and then hoisting the combination of roof truss and bifurcated column;

[0010] S4: assembly and splicing, when hoisting the combination of roof truss and bifurcated column, the lower end of the positioning cable at the bottom of the bifurcated column is introduced into the upper port of the box connector, and the positioning cable is pulled through the fastener embedded in the middle of the box connector, so as to realize the rapid butt joint between the bifurcated column and the box connector;

[0011] S5: adjusting and positioning, when the roof truss and the bifurcated column are erected between the two box connectors, the hoisting facilities do not loosen the roof truss, the positioning pin holes of the limiting ring on the box connector and the bifurcated column are coaxially aligned, and the positioning of the two is completed.

[0012] Preferably, in the pre-processing treatment of S1, the positioning pin hole of the bifurcated column is milled by a portable milling machine, an infrared sensing receiving element is bonded in the milled hole, and a movable limiting ring is nested on the outer wall of the upper end of the box connector, and the bottom of the positioning pin hole of the limiting ring is coaxially bonded with the infrared sensor.

[0013] Preferably, in the adjusting and positioning of S5, the positioning pin holes between the bifurcated column and the limiting ring on the box connector are coaxially aligned, the alignment between the positioning pin holes is detected by using the infrared sensor and the infrared sensing receiving element, after the positioning pin holes are coaxially aligned, the infrared sensor bonded on the box connector is removed, and the positioning of the positioning pin holes between the bifurcated column and the box connector is completed by using the pin shaft.

[0014] Preferably, in the adjusting and positioning of S5, after the positioning and reinforcement of the box connector and the bifurcated column are completed by the pin shaft and the positioning pin hole, the fastener on the box connector is disassembled, and a limiting pin block is installed on the original installation position of the fastener by using bolt connection, and the limiting pin block, the positioning cable and the box connector are extruded and reinforced, so as to improve the stability of the butt joint of the box connector and the bifurcated column.

[0015] Preferably, in the adjustment positioning of S5, the disassembly of the infrared sensor and the pin shaft positioning reinforcement are manually operated, the height is changed by the lifting device, and the limiting ring on the box-shaped connecting piece is manually rotated to change the alignment relationship of the positioning pin hole thereon.

[0016] Preferably, in the adjustment positioning of S5, a gap is left between the hoisted bifurcated column bottom and the limiting ring on the box-shaped connecting piece to facilitate the change of the positioning angle of the limiting ring on the box-shaped connecting piece under the driving operation of external force.

[0017] Preferably, in the pre-processing of S1, the lower end of the box-shaped connecting piece is inserted into the top limit of the box-shaped column, and the box-shaped column and the box-shaped connecting piece are limited by the outer ear plate and the positioning pin shaft.

[0018] Preferably, in the hoisting positioning of S3, the lifting system of the hoisting facility needs to be loaded in stages, and the lifting force is increased in stages according to 20%, 40%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, and 100% of the design load until the roof truss is separated from the assembly rack; and after the roof truss is separated, it needs to be observed, and after monitoring the hoisting facility and the roof truss without abnormalities, it is continuously lifted to between the box-shaped columns, wherein the box-shaped columns are the force supporting columns of the house body.

[0019] Preferably, in the assembly and splicing of S4, the positioning cable at the bottom of the bifurcated column is inserted into the upper port of the box-shaped connecting piece, and the positioning cable is moved by remote control of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and the fastener and the box-shaped connecting piece are disassembled and assembled by bolts.

[0020] Preferably, equidistant damping balls are installed on the positioning cable, which increase the contact damping external force between the positioning cable and the fastener, so that the fastener gives the positioning cable a stable pulling external force under the action of rotation.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the construction method of the large-span truss roof structure can quickly realize the high-altitude assembly positioning of the truss roof structure, especially for the assembly of the bifurcated column of the truss roof, can realize the alignment of the bifurcated column and the box-shaped column, and after alignment, the coaxial alignment processing of the positioning pin holes between the two is performed, so that the subsequent pin shaft can be quickly inserted during assembly, improving the docking operation efficiency of the bifurcated column, and using the modified bifurcated column and box-shaped connecting piece, the bifurcated column and the box-shaped column are assembled, without direct human assistance for alignment operation, reducing the direct participation of humans, improving the safety of the alignment operation, and improving the assembly efficiency and stability of the truss roof, greatly reducing the time of the truss roof under hoisting operation, and reducing the complexity of auxiliary assembly construction of the conventional force platform installation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the construction method of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0023] Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the hoisting construction of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0024] Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the butt joint state of the bifurcated column and the box-type connecting piece of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0025] Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the butt joint state of the bifurcated column and the box-type connecting piece of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0026] Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the butt joint state of the bifurcated column and the box-type connecting piece of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0027] Figure 6 The schematic diagram of the fastener structure of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0028] In the figure: 1, bifurcated column; 101, infrared sensor; 2, positioning cable; 3, box-type connecting piece; 4, limiting ring; 5, outer ear plate; 6, fastener; 601, rotating roller; 602, motor assembly; 603, gear assembly; 604, worm; 605, worm wheel; 7, limiting pin block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0030] Please refer to Figures 1-6 The present application provides a technical solution: a construction method of a large-span truss roof structure, which comprises the following steps:

[0031] S1: pre-processing treatment, welding outer ear plate 5 on the top of box column and the outer wall of box connector 3, and assembling box connector 3 through pin shaft positioning at the top of box column, and welding positioning cable 2 at the bottom center of bifurcated column 1, the installation of outer ear plate 5 is convenient for the subsequent relative connection and positioning of bifurcated column 1 and box connector 3 through bolt installation, and at the same time, pre-processing treatment can be carried out, and the inner hole of positioning pin hole of bifurcated column 1 is milled through portable hole milling machine, the infrared sensing receiving element is bonded in the milled hole, and movable limiting ring 4 is nested on the outer wall of the upper end of box connector 3, the bottom of the positioning pin hole of limiting ring 4 is coaxially bonded with infrared sensor 101, the infrared sensing receiving element is used to respond to the signal of infrared sensor 101, so the infrared sensing receiving element is only installed in the milled hole and does not need to be disassembled in the future, and after positioning by pin shaft and positioning pin hole, the infrared sensing receiving element is directly hidden and does not expose, which does not affect the installation stability between pin shaft and positioning pin hole, and after milling in the above-mentioned positioning pin hole, the residual milling residues in the positioning pin hole need to be cleaned through air pressure flow guide to prevent affecting the positioning of pin shaft and positioning pin hole; in pre-processing treatment, the lower end of box connector 3 is inserted into the top of box column for limiting, and the box column and box connector 3 are limited through outer ear plate 5 and positioning pin shaft.

[0032] In the above S1, the box column is processed by pre-processing, the box column as the main load-bearing component, first according to the design specification and requirements to select steel, at the same time to the incoming steel inspection, including mechanical property test, to ensure its yield strength, tensile strength, elongation and impact toughness, in the process of processing, according to the construction site environment to select cutting equipment, cutting out the appropriate size of the outer ear plate 5, and the required welding processing of the box column outer end stand in the processing table, this processing table can be steel structure support, also can be concrete platform, using hoisting operation or forklift positioning way to adjust the direction of the outer end of the box column, then the outer ear plate 5 and the box column and box type connecting piece 3 welding processing, which needs to be polished before welding, the box column and box type connecting piece 3 welding joint is cleaned, remove the debris, at the same time, the automatic cutting equipment is used to form the hole slot at the welding position, the size of the hole slot is slightly larger than the size of the connecting end of the outer ear plate 5, which is convenient for positioning and subsequent welding of the outer ear plate 5, the size of the hole slot is reserved to reserve the welding shrinkage, usually the size difference is 2-3mm, in order to improve the welding stability of the outer ear plate 5 and the box column and box type connecting piece 3, the beveling processing can be carried out at the welding connecting end of the outer ear plate 5, which is the key step to ensure the welding quality; different beveling forms are selected according to the thickness of the plate, when the thickness of the plate is less than 20mm, V-shaped beveling is adopted, when the thickness of the plate is greater than 20mm, X-shaped beveling is adopted to reduce the welding deformation and welding amount; the beveling processing is completed by using planer or numerical control cutting machine, the surface of the processed beveling should be smooth without defects, the beveling angle deviation is controlled within ±2°, the blunt edge size deviation is not more than ±0.5mm; after welding, the weld is cleaned after cooling, and nondestructive testing is carried out on the weld, including ultrasonic flaw detection and magnetic powder flaw detection, usually 100% ultrasonic flaw detection and 20% magnetic powder sampling inspection; after passing the test, the positioning pin hole on the outer ear plate 5 is precisely milled using portable milling machine to eliminate the hole position deviation caused by welding deformation; continuous cooling and lubrication is required during the milling process to ensure the smoothness of the hole wall; in order to control the welding deformation, temporary support rods are arranged between the outer ear plates 5 of two adjacent joint shaft nodes to prevent relative displacement during welding and milling; the temporary support rods are removed after precise milling, and the temporary support rods can be positioned by using auxiliary components and bolt fastening.

[0033] Further, in the above S1, the selection of the box-shaped connector 3 is the same as the box-shaped steel in overall material and style, but the upper end of the box-shaped connector 3 is provided with a ring-shaped material, which can be welded with the box-shaped steel and the ring-shaped steel material to achieve the molding effect of the box-shaped connector 3; but at the same time, the maximum height of the box-shaped connector 3 is 30-80 cm, which avoids the problem of height offset caused by installing it on the upper end of the box-shaped column, affecting the installation stability and shear stress stability, and at the same time, the box-shaped connector 3 needs to be pre-processed additionally, in addition to the welding and positioning of the outer ear plate 5 by the same way, a hole is also needed to be opened in the middle section of the box-shaped connector 3, which is rectangular, and the hole is milled on the outer edge of the hole by a hole milling device, and a threaded groove is opened in the hole groove by a thread processing device, which facilitates the installation and removal of the subsequent fastener 6 and limit pin block 7 by the way of penetrating and threaded installation. In addition, the limit ring 4 needs to be sleeved and installed on the outer wall of the ring-shaped structure on the upper end of the box-shaped connector 3, so that the limit ring 4 can rotate around its vertical central axis on the outer wall of the ring-shaped structure on the upper end of the box-shaped connector 3, and in order to avoid the limit ring 4 from falling off the outer wall of the ring-shaped structure on the upper end of the box-shaped connector 3, a separate limiting block can be further welded on the outer wall of the ring-shaped structure on the upper end of the box-shaped connector 3, so that the limit ring 4 can only rotate on the upper end of the box-shaped connector 3, but cannot be removed up and down; the lower end of the box-shaped connector 3 is formed by cutting or welding to form an insertion part, so that the lower end of the box-shaped connector 3 can be directly inserted into the top end of the box-shaped column. The main scheme is to use welding to weld a special-shaped insertion part at the bottom of the box-shaped connector 3, which is adjusted in size according to the size of the box-shaped column, so that it can be inserted into the box-shaped column. The insertion process is carried out on the ground, and the position of the box-shaped connector 3 is moved by lifting, and under the joint action of human and forklift, the box-shaped connector 3 is inserted into the box-shaped steel, and the connection and positioning between the pin shaft and the outer ear plate 5 are achieved, so that the box-shaped connector 3 and the box-shaped steel are assembled and positioned. In order to ensure the stability of the insertion, the box-shaped connector 3 and the box-shaped steel can be adjusted by knocking and colliding during the insertion installation process. Further, after the selection of the split column 1 is completed, the split column 1 is placed on the load-bearing processing table by the side, the bottom of the split column 1 is exposed, and the split column 1 and the positioning belt 2 are positioned by polishing, cleaning and welding to form a complete structure.

[0034] Further, the infrared sensing system is the core technology for realizing accurate positioning of the bifurcated column 1 and the box-shaped connecting piece 3. The installation of the infrared sensing system includes two parts of the infrared sensor 101 and the infrared sensing receiving element. First, a sensor installation groove is processed in the positioning pin hole of the bifurcated column 1 by precise milling. The size and depth of the installation groove need to be strictly controlled to ensure that the infrared sensing receiving element is flush with the inner wall of the pin hole and does not affect the subsequent installation of the pin shaft. Then, the infrared sensing receiving element is fixed in the milling hole by using a special adhesive. The position where the infrared sensing receiving element is installed and positioned does not have an overlapping space with the threads in the positioning pin hole of the bifurcated column 1. The adhesive needs to have high strength, high temperature resistance, and vibration resistance to ensure that it does not fall off during hoisting and construction. After the installation of the infrared sensing receiving element is completed, a function test is performed to verify the response sensitivity and directionality to ensure that it can accurately receive and reflect infrared signals. The installation of the infrared sensing receiving element needs to be tested for stability. The reflective surface of the infrared sensing receiving element for infrared optical signals needs to be perpendicular to the vertical center axis of the positioning pin hole of the bifurcated column 1. At the same time, the installation of the infrared sensor 101 needs to control the overall optical signal emission beam after positioning to be parallel to the vertical center axis of the positioning pin hole of the limiting ring 4 on the box-shaped connecting piece 3. The coaxiality error between the installation position of the infrared sensor 101 and the positioning pin hole of the limiting ring 4 needs to be less than 0.1 mm to ensure the accuracy of the test results. The lines of the infrared sensor 101 are arranged along the outer wall of the box-shaped connecting piece 3 and are additionally equipped with protective sleeves to prevent damage during construction.

[0035] After all the pre-processing operations described above, the processing surface, especially the inside of the positioning pin hole, needs to be thoroughly cleaned. A high-pressure air blowing system is used to blow dry and oil-free compressed air into the positioning pin hole to remove internal milling residue and metal chips. After blowing, an endoscope is used to check the cleanliness of the hole to ensure that there is no residue affecting the installation of the pin shaft. After cleaning, anti-rust measures are taken on the processing surface, such as applying temporary anti-rust grease or anti-rust agent, to prevent problems such as project delays due to unexpected situations, affecting the progress of the project, and causing rust on the stored workpieces. For high-strength bolt connection friction surfaces, cleaning and protection are also needed to prevent contamination and rust.

[0036] S2: ground assembly, setting up an assembly frame on the ground, completing the segmented assembly of the roof truss, and completing the assembly and connection of the roof truss and the bifurcated column 1 on the ground. Since the bifurcated node is set, i.e., the bifurcated column 1 is set, the segmented assembly of the truss roof is performed using the bifurcated column 1, so that the integrated roof truss is divided into several spaced truss structures, facilitating the subsequent hoisting of the roof truss and bifurcated column 1 combination.

[0037] The ground assembling stage is a key process of assembling the prefabricated components into a whole unit, and its quality directly affects the efficiency and safety of subsequent hoisting operations. Therefore, site hardening treatment is required before the erection of the assembling frame, and the bearing capacity of the foundation should be not less than 150 kPa to prevent uneven settlement during the assembling process. Meanwhile, the assembling frame adopts a lattice support system composed of main limbs, filigree, support beams, support columns, support pads and conversion beams, etc. The elevation error of the top of the assembling frame is controlled within ±5 mm, and the flatness error is not more than 1.5 mm per meter. The assembling frame support adopts screw and welding positioning to improve the operation convenience. Since the whole unit is constructed on the ground, the construction operation efficiency is high, and the safety performance is excellent. At the same time, the segmented assembling of the roof truss is carried out, which requires hardening treatment of the site and erection of a precise measurement control network. A plurality of control points are set around the assembling area using total station, level and other equipment to form a measurement network. During the splicing and assembling process, the control point precision requirement is required, and the position of each component is measured and corrected in real time during the assembling process to ensure that the assembling precision meets the design requirements. The human assembling operation is prevented due to the accumulation of processing errors, which causes the error accumulation to be too large when hoisting and high-altitude operation is carried out subsequently, affecting the accuracy of high-altitude assembly operation. According to the structure characteristics and hoisting capacity, the roof truss is divided into a plurality of reasonable segments, and the segmentation principle is determined by the structural stress rationality, transportation limitation condition, hoisting equipment capacity and site construction condition. The mass of a single segment truss is controlled to be within 20 tons due to the segmentation setting. The segmented truss can be positioned upward and downward and overlapped between the middle segments to release the external force and avoid the collapse instability caused by the long-span and unstable middle force bearing during long-term use. The assembling is carried out from bottom to top and from inside to outside, the main force components are assembled first, and then the secondary components are assembled after the stable system is formed. For complex node areas, local pre-assembling process is adopted to complete the assembly of complex nodes on the ground to reduce the difficulty of high-altitude operation. After the splicing of the single segment truss is completed, hoisting operation is carried out to complete the high-altitude erection and assembly.

[0038] In the above scheme, according to the design position, the bifurcated column 1 is accurately placed at the connection node of the roof truss, in which process hoisting and forklift positioning mode is adopted, pre-assembly and positioning are carried out, total station is used for accurate positioning, and the position error is ensured to be less than 3mm. After positioning, temporary fixation is carried out by using bolt connection or positioning welding mode to ensure that displacement does not occur during hoisting. The connection node of the bifurcated column 1 and the roof truss adopts the mode of high-strength bolt connection and welding connection, and the high-strength bolt is initially screwed and finally screwed. After the bolt connection is completed, the node welding is carried out, and the welding sequence follows the principle of inside first and outside last, and bottom first and top last to avoid excessive welding stress. After assembly, comprehensive detection is carried out, including geometric size inspection, connection quality inspection and weld nondestructive testing. The overall geometric size is measured by total station, and the diagonal deviation, straightness and elevation error are mainly controlled. All welds are subjected to appearance inspection and nondestructive testing, and the ultrasonic flaw detection proportion is generally 100%, and the magnetic particle flaw detection proportion is not less than 20%. The problems found in the detection are corrected, the size deviation is corrected by hydraulic jack, the weld defects are removed and re-welded, and the correction is rechecked after correction. Finally, rust prevention and paint filling are carried out.

[0039] S3: hoisting positioning, the positioning position of the box column is determined by the total station and the foundation, and the box column is hoisted by using hoisting facilities to connect the bottom of the box column and the foundation, and the positioning of the two is completed. Then the combination of the roof truss and the bifurcated column 1 is hoisted. In the hoisting positioning, the lifting system of the hoisting facility needs to be loaded in stages, and the lifting force is increased in stages according to 20%, 40%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% and 100% of the design load until the roof truss is separated from the assembly rack. After the roof truss is separated, it needs to be observed, and after the hoisting facility and the roof truss are monitored without abnormalities, it is continued to be lifted between the box columns, and the box column is the stress support column of the roof body. At the same time, this hoisting method is also suitable for the current conventional single bifurcated column 1 independent hoisting operation, which facilitates the subsequent single bifurcated column 1 to be placed on the box connecting piece 3 quickly and stably, and the placed positioning of the complete preliminary assembly.

[0040] For the above construction steps, the lifting positioning stage is the key process of installing the completed assembly on the ground to the design position, including the lifting positioning of the box column, the hierarchical loading lifting process and the establishment of the real-time monitoring system; Before lifting the box column, comprehensive inspection is required, including column straightness, cross-sectional size, connection joint position, etc., to ensure that it meets the design requirements. The lifting point is determined by calculation and is usually set at the upper 1 / 3 position of the column. Special lifting lugs are used to prevent local deformation. Lifting is carried out using a large crawler crane. Choose the right crane according to weight and working radius. Lift slowly and smoothly. Pause after leaving the ground 200mm. Check the safety of the lifting lugs and rigging. Continue lifting after confirming that there is no error. Set a cable wind rope during lifting, which is controlled by a dedicated person to prevent the column from rotating and swinging. Slowly lower the column to the bottom plate and align it with the foundation embedded parts. Immediately after positioning, temporarily fix it. Use a total station to correct the perpendicularity. Control the deviation error with a jack for fine adjustment. Immediately after correction, perform final fixation. Connect the column bottom to the foundation using bolt connection or welding. For welding connection, use symmetric segmented welding to control welding speed and heat input to reduce welding deformation.

[0041] Further, the lifting of the roof truss and bifurcated column 1 assembly adopts a hierarchical loading system. The loading between different levels needs to be spaced 10 minutes apart to pause lifting for safety. During lifting, ensure synchronous control. Use a computer control system to monitor the elevation of each point in real time to ensure the overall stability of the roof. A full range of monitoring systems can be established during lifting, including stress monitoring, deformation monitoring and vibration monitoring. Strain gauges and displacement sensors are placed at key structural locations to monitor the stress state and deformation of the structure in real time.

[0042] S4: Assemble and splice the roof truss and bifurcated column 1 of the lifting assembly. First, the lower end of the positioning cable 2 at the bottom of the bifurcated column 1 is introduced into the upper end of the box connector 3. The fastener 6 embedded in the middle of the box connector 3 pulls the positioning cable 2 to achieve quick docking between the bifurcated column 1 and the box connector 3. During assembly and splicing, the positioning cable 2 at the bottom of the bifurcated column 1 is inserted into the upper end of the box connector 3. The positioning cable 2 is moved remotely controlled by a drone, while the fastener 6 and the box connector 3 are disassembled and assembled using bolts. The drone remotely controls the fastener 6 to apply a pulling force to the positioning cable 2, which improves the safety of assembly and positioning efficiency. The fastener 6 uses an electric mechanism to drive the rotation of the roller structure, and the damping in the rotation of the roller structure gives the positioning cable 2 an external force. The positioning cable 2 is installed with damping balls at equal intervals, which increases the contact damping force between the positioning cable 2 and the fastener 6, so that the fastener 6 gives the positioning cable 2 a stable pulling force under the action of rotation.

[0043] Further, the composition parts of the fastener 6 are disclosed in this scheme, which are installed on the box connector 3 by bolt, and can be installed and removed, such as Figure 6 As shown, the motor assembly 602 is arranged on the fastener 6, and the rotating roller 601 is rotatably arranged on the fastener 6, the middle shaft end of the rotating roller 601 is fixed with the worm wheel 605, and the worm 604 is rotatably arranged on the fastener 6, and the end of the worm 604 and the end of the output shaft of the motor assembly 602 are connected through the gear assembly 603, the worm 604 and the worm wheel 605 are engaged, so that the rotating roller 601 is continuously rotated when the motor assembly 602 is started, and the outer part of the outermost rotating roller 601 is provided with a groove, which can give a pulling force to the positioning cable 2 and the damping ball on it when rotating, so as to pull down the bifurcated column 1 through the positioning cable 2, so that the bifurcated column 1 is quickly pulled down and connected with the box connector 3, and the hoisting facility continuously applies external force to the combination of the roof truss and the bifurcated column 1 during the connection process, so as to avoid the falling of the combination, and the hoisting facility does not release the external force after the connection of the bifurcated column 1 and the box connector 3, so as to facilitate the fine adjustment control of the alignment state between the bifurcated column 1 and the box connector 3.

[0044] In the above scheme, the fastener 6 is a design tool of this scheme to speed up the construction operation stability and efficiency, which cooperates with the positioning cable 2, and is the core control link to realize the precise connection of the bifurcated column 1 and the box connector 3; the positioning cable 2 adopts high-strength stainless steel belt, the width is 80-100mm, and the thickness is 8-10mm; the damping balls are arranged at equal intervals, and the interval is generally 200-300mm; the fastener 6 is the key equipment to realize mechanical traction, which is fixed on the box connector 3 by bolts, mainly composed of a motor assembly 602, a transmission system, a roller set and a control system, the motor adopts an explosion-proof servo motor, the power is generally 5.5-7.5kW, and has precise speed and torque control ability; the transmission system adopts a worm and gear reduction mechanism, the worm 604 and the worm wheel 605 are engaged, the transmission ratio is generally 15:1-20:1, and has self-locking function to prevent reverse rotation; this design ensures that the positioning cable 2 will not slide back in case of power failure or fault, and ensures that the surface of the rotating roller 601 is processed with special grooves, which are matched with the shape of the damping ball to increase the friction; the roller is made of high-strength alloy steel, and the surface is quenched to have good wear resistance.

[0045] At the same time, in this scheme, the unmanned aerial vehicle is used for remote control operation process and precise control, the unmanned aerial vehicle undertakes the dual tasks of real-time monitoring and remote operation during assembly, and the operator remotely controls the fastener 6 through the picture returned by the unmanned aerial vehicle; the unmanned aerial vehicle is equipped with a laser range finder to accurately measure the distance and relative position between the bifurcated column 1 and the box connector 3.

[0046] S5: Adjust the positioning, the roof truss and the bifurcated column 1 are erected between the two box connectors 3, the hoisting facility does not loosen the roof truss, the coaxial alignment state of the positioning pin holes of the two is adjusted, and the positioning of the two is completed; the lifting device is used to lift the construction workers and the box connector 3 and the bifurcated column 1 to contact, and the adjustment operation is performed. At the same time, after the box connector 3 and the bifurcated column 1 are aligned and adjusted, the positioning pin holes therebetween are prone to deviation, which affects the subsequent reinforcement. It is necessary to adjust the positioning pin holes therebetween. The following method is adopted: a gap is left between the bottom of the hoisted bifurcated column 1 and the upper limiting ring 4 of the box connector 3, so that the limiting ring 4 on the box connector 3 can change the positioning angle under the action of external force. Since the construction workers and the equipment carried by them have been lifted by the lifting device at this time, the power of the external driving device can be used to apply power to the limiting ring 4 to make it move and change position. The positioning pin holes between the bifurcated column 1 and the upper limiting ring 4 of the box connector 3 are coaxially aligned, and the infrared sensor 101 and the infrared sensing receiving element are used to detect the alignment of the positioning pin holes. After the positioning pin holes are coaxially aligned, the infrared sensor 101 attached to the box connector 3 is removed, and the positioning pin holes between the bifurcated column 1 and the box connector 3 are positioned and reinforced by the pin shaft. The infrared sensor 101 includes information transmission and information reception parts, while the main function of the infrared sensing receiving element is to reflect the signal to the infrared sensor 101 part for signal reception. The infrared sensor 101 is detached and the pin shaft is positioned and reinforced by manual operation. The workers change the height of the roof truss and the bifurcated column by the lifting device, and at the same time, the workers make the upper limiting ring 4 of the box connector 3 rotate around its own central axis by knocking it, change the alignment of the positioning pin holes thereon, and leave a gap between the bottom of the hoisted bifurcated column 1 and the upper limiting ring 4 of the box connector 3 to facilitate the change of the positioning angle of the limiting ring 4 on the box connector 3 under the action of external force. When the positioning pin holes on the limiting ring 4 and the positioning pin holes on the box connector 3 are connected and reinforced by the pin shaft, a pad can be filled between the limiting ring 4 outside the pin shaft and the bottom of the bifurcated column 1 to provide positioning stability. The pin shaft is positioned and reinforced by screw fastening. After the reinforcement operation is completed, the box connector 3 and the bifurcated column 1 are positioned and reinforced by the pin shaft and the positioning pin holes. The fastener 6 on the box connector 3 is detached, and the limiting pin block 7 is installed at the original installation position of the fastener 6 by bolt connection. The limiting pin block 7 is extruded and limited with the positioning cable 2 and the box connector 3, which improves the stability of the connection between the box connector 3 and the bifurcated column 1.

[0047] In the technical solution, the adjustment and positioning stage is a precise correction and final fixing process after the docking is completed, the infrared sensor 101 and the infrared sensor receiving element are used for positioning the pin hole, and subsequent assembly positioning control is performed, the limiting ring 4 is designed to be adjustable, the position of the pin shaft hole is changed by rotating, a Teflon coating is arranged between the limiting ring 4 and the box-shaped connecting piece 3, the friction coefficient is less than 0.04, and the adjustment is facilitated, in addition to knocking, in order to improve the use stability, a special hydraulic adjuster can be used for the adjustment, accurate torque and angle control are provided, the adjustment includes two stages of coarse adjustment and fine adjustment, in the coarse adjustment stage, the limiting ring 4 is quickly rotated to basically center the pin shaft hole, in the fine adjustment stage, the limiting ring 4 is slowly and finely adjusted to achieve accurate positioning, stress changes are monitored during the adjustment process to prevent structural damage caused by excessive adjustment, the stress of key positions is monitored by a strain gauge to ensure that the stress change is within the elastic range, finally, after the pin shaft is installed, final fixing is performed, a gasket is filled between the limiting ring 4 outside the pin shaft and the bottom of the bifurcated column 1 to provide stable positioning, the gasket is made of high-strength stainless steel material and has high machining precision, then the fastener 6 is removed, the limiting pin block 7 is installed at the original installation position, the limiting pin block 7, the positioning cable 2 and the box-shaped connecting piece 3 form extrusion type limiting reinforcement inside, and the connection stability is improved, the limiting pin block 7 is fixed by a high-strength bolt, and finally, overall quality inspection is performed, including pin shaft installation position deviation inspection, connection joint gap inspection, bolt torque verification, weld appearance and nondestructive testing, after all the inspection items are qualified, the final fixing is completed.

[0048] Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent replacements to some technical features, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A construction method of a long-span truss roof structure, characterized by, The construction steps include: S1: pre-processing, welding an outer lug (5) on the top of the box column and the outer wall of the box connector (3), and assembling the box connector (3) through pin shaft positioning at the top of the box column, and welding a positioning cable (2) at the bottom center of the bifurcated column (1); S2: ground assembly, setting an assembly frame on the ground, completing the segmented assembly of the roof truss, and completing the assembly and connection of the roof truss and the bifurcated column (1) on the ground; S3: hoisting and positioning, determining the positioning position of the box column through the total station and the foundation, and hoisting the box column by using hoisting facilities to connect the bottom of the box column with the foundation and complete the positioning; then hoist the combination of the roof truss and the bifurcated column (1); S4: assembly and splicing, when hoisting the roof truss and the bifurcated column (1) of the assembly, first make the lower end of the positioning cable (2) at the bottom of the bifurcated column (1) lead into the upper port of the box connector (3), and pull the positioning cable (2) through the tightener (6) embedded in the middle of the box connector (3) to realize the quick butt joint between the bifurcated column (1) and the box connector (3); S5: adjustment and positioning, when the roof truss and the bifurcated column (1) are erected between the two box connectors (3), the hoisting facility does not loosen the roof truss, the coaxial alignment state of the positioning pin holes of the limiting ring (4) on the box connector (3) and the bifurcated column (1) is adjusted, and the positioning of the two is completed; In the pre-processing of S1, the positioning pin hole of the bifurcated column (1) is milled by a portable hole milling machine, and an infrared sensing receiving element is bonded in the milled hole. The limiting ring (4) is movably installed on the outer wall of the upper end of the box connector (3), and the bottom of the positioning pin hole of the limiting ring (4) is coaxially bonded with the infrared sensor (101); in the adjustment and positioning of S5, the coaxial alignment of the positioning pin holes between the bifurcated column (1) and the limiting ring (4) on the box connector (3) is used to detect the alignment between the positioning pin holes by using the infrared sensor (101) and the infrared sensing receiving element. After the coaxial alignment of the positioning pin holes, the bonded infrared sensor (101) is removed, and the positioning of the positioning pin holes between the bifurcated column (1) and the box connector (3) is completed by using the pin shaft; 2. The construction method of a long-span truss roof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the adjustment and positioning of S5, after the positioning and reinforcement of the box connector (3) and the bifurcated column (1) are completed by the pin shaft and the positioning pin hole, the tightener (6) on the box connector (3) is disassembled, and a limiting pin block (7) is installed at the original installation position of the tightener (6) by using a bolt connection method. The limiting pin block (7) is extruded and reinforced with the positioning cable (2) and the box connector (3) inside. In the adjustment and positioning of S5, the disassembly and pin shaft positioning reinforcement of the infrared sensor (101) are performed manually. The height of the roof truss and the bifurcated column (1) is changed by lifting equipment, and the limiting ring (4) on the box connector (3) is knocked to rotate around its central axis by manual operation, thereby changing the alignment relationship of the positioning pin holes thereon.

3. The construction method of a long-span truss roof structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the adjusting positioning of S5, a gap is left between the bottom of the hoisted bifurcated column (1) and the upper limiting ring (4) of the box-shaped connector (3) to facilitate the change of the positioning angle of the limiting ring (4) on the box-shaped connector (3) under the driving operation of external force.

4. The construction method of a long-span truss roof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the pre-processing of S1, the lower end of the box-shaped connector (3) is inserted into the top limiting of the box-shaped column, and the box-shaped column and the box-shaped connector (3) are limited by the outer ear plate (5) and the positioning pin shaft.

5. The construction method of a long-span truss roof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the hoisting positioning of S3, the lifting system of the hoisting facility needs to be loaded in stages, and the lifting force is increased in stages according to 20%, 40%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, and 100% of the design load until the roof truss is separated from the assembly rack; and after the roof truss is separated, it needs to be observed, and after monitoring the hoisting facility and the roof truss without abnormalities, it is continued to be lifted between the box-shaped columns, wherein the box-shaped column is the stressed pillar of the house body.

6. The construction method of a long-span truss roof structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the assembly and splicing of S4, the positioning cable (2) at the bottom of the bifurcated column (1) is put into the upper end of the box-shaped connector (3), and the positioning cable (2) is moved by remote control of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and the fastener (6) and the box-shaped connector (3) are disassembled and assembled by bolts.

7. The construction method of a long-span truss roof structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The damping balls are installed at equal intervals on the positioning cable (2).

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