While-drilling progressive borehole dressing tool

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of matching tools for petroleum and natural gas drilling, in particular to a while-drilling progressive borehole dressing tool. The while-drilling progressive borehole dressing tool comprises a cylindrical reamer body, gauge protection blades and reaming blades are integrally formed between the two ends of the outer surface of the reamer body, and the gauge protection blades and the reaming blades are distributed in the circumferential direction of the reamer body at intervals and are spirally distributed; cutting teeth are respectively arranged on the surfaces, deviating from the reamer body, of the reaming blades, and gauge protection teeth are respectively arranged on the same sides of the two ends and the middle parts of the surfaces, deviating from the reamer body, of the gauge protection blades and the reaming blades. The drill bit has the advantages that the structural design is simple and reasonable, drilling and micro reaming and gauge protection can be achieved at the same time, the drill bit has the functions of forward reaming and backward reaming, and the drill bit can eliminate underground micro dog legs and micro steps and remove cuttings beds and provides guarantee for follow-up well cementation casing running and electrical logging.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of matching tools for oil and gas drilling, and particularly relates to a progressive wellbore trimming tool while drilling. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, the focus of oil and gas exploration and development in China has gradually shifted to unconventional oil and gas resources. Drilling through salt and gypsum layers, coal seams, shale, soft mudstone and other creep and swelling formations, as well as thick mud cakes in sandstone, can easily lead to complex situations such as tripping resistance or sticking during drilling, which restricts the improvement of drilling efficiency. In addition, as the footage increases, the drill bit will also wear out, resulting in insufficient wellbore size and irregular wellbore diameter in the lower part of the drilling, causing wellbore microspiral or wellbore flexure, which increases the friction of the drill pipe and causes the tool to break down, posing a hidden danger. In addition, spiral wellbores and necking can cause difficulties in casing installation during cementing, increase friction and torque, affect cementing effect and casing centralization, result in poor cementing quality, and increase the risk of later development.

[0003] Drilling while micro-expanding the hole is a new drilling technology for wellbore trimming. The difference between it and drilling while expanding the hole is that the expander usually has a folding structure and can expand the wellbore to a large extent after unfolding, while the micro-expander cannot be folded and is mainly used for wellbore trimming to improve the smoothness of the wellbore during drilling and ensure the safety of the wellbore. The micro-expander with patent numbers CN213234946U, CN113550695A, CN219012487U and CN212671563U all use two sets of helical blades with opposite directions, and the body part between the two sets of blades has weak resistance to torque; the eye-opening tool with patent number CN209277815U cannot be used while drilling; and the drilling while micro-expanding the hole tool with patent number CN205172436U can only be used in sliding drilling mode and has a complex structure, and the gears, bearings and other parts have the risk of misalignment and falling during use, which has many limitations.

[0004] Based on the above analysis, the present application designs a progressive wellbore trimming tool while drilling, which integrates the functions of hole expansion and hole diameter maintenance, can be used for normal eye opening and reverse eye opening operations, can trim the wellbore through the tool, improve the smoothness of the drilling wellbore, clean the cuttings bed, and solve the problems of reduced diameter sticking, high friction and torque, and difficult rock carrying during drilling, thereby creating a good wellbore environment for later operations. In addition, the tool can reduce torque and prolong the service life of the tool by improving the blade structure, and the deficiencies of the above-mentioned patents are improved. SUMMARY

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide an effective solution to overcome the defects of the prior art.

[0006] The technical solution of the present application to solve the above technical problem is as follows:

[0007] The application discloses a while-drilling progressive hole trimming tool, which comprises a cylindrical hole expander body, a gauge blade and a reamer blade are integrally formed on the outer surface of the hole expander body between two ends of the hole expander body, the gauge blade and the reamer blade are distributed along the circumference of the hole expander body and are distributed in a spiral shape, cutting teeth are arranged on the surfaces of the reamer blades away from the hole expander body respectively, and gauge teeth are arranged on the same side of the two ends and the middle of the surfaces of the gauge blade and the reamer blade away from the hole expander body respectively.

[0008] Based on the technical scheme, the application further has the following improvements.

[0009] Further, the gauge blade and the reamer blade are provided with at least two respectively.

[0010] The beneficial effects of the further technical scheme are that the number of the gauge blade and the reamer blade is reasonable, and more than two distributions can ensure good reaming and trimming while drilling.

[0011] Further, the gauge blades are close to each other and are distributed on one side of the hole expander body, and the reamer blades are close to each other and are distributed on the other side of the hole expander body.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the further technical scheme are that the distributions are reasonable, and the reaming and trimming effects are good.

[0013] Further, the gauge blade and the reamer blade are provided with two respectively.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the further technical scheme are that the number of the gauge blade and the reamer blade is reasonable, and good reaming and trimming effects while drilling are ensured.

[0015] Further, the reamer blade is provided with a V shape, and the V-shaped tip of the reamer blade is located in the middle.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the further technical scheme are that the reamer blade has good overall structural strength and is distributed in a spiral shape, the reaming effect is good, and in addition, the V-shaped design of the reamer blade can reduce the torque in drilling to the lowest.

[0017] Further, the gauge blade is provided with a V shape, and the V-shaped tip of the gauge blade is located in the middle.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the further technical scheme are that the gauge blade has good overall structural strength and is distributed in a spiral shape, the grinding and trimming effect is good, and in addition, the V-shaped design of the gauge blade can reduce the torque in drilling to the lowest.

[0019] Further, the thickness of the middle part of the gauge pad and the reamer blade is higher than that of other parts, and the thickness of the middle part of the reamer blade is higher than that of the middle part of the gauge pad.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the further technical scheme are that the middle part of the gauge pad and the reamer blade is thick, the structure design is reasonable, and the strength is better.

[0021] Further, the cutting tooth is perpendicular to the surface of the gauge pad or the reamer blade, and the gauge tooth extends along the tangential direction of the reamer body.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the further technical scheme are that the perpendicular cutting tooth design makes the cutting effect better, and the tangential gauge tooth realizes good grinding and trimming while drilling.

[0023] Further, the cutting tooth is arranged in a row along the extension direction of the reamer blade.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the further technical scheme are that the structure design is simple and reasonable, the cutting effect is good, and the distribution is relatively simple.

[0025] Further, a top joint for connecting the upper drill string is coaxially and integrally formed at one end of the reamer body, and a lower joint for connecting the lower drill string or the drill bit is coaxially and integrally formed at the other end of the reamer body.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the further technical scheme are that the reamer body is conveniently and well connected with the upper drill string and the lower drill string or the drill bit.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the present application are that the structure design is simple and reasonable, the tool can realize drilling and micro-reaming at the same time, can realize gauge protection, and has the functions of normal reaming and reverse reaming, the tool can eliminate the downhole micro-dogleg and micro-step, and can clear the rock debris bed, thereby providing guarantee for subsequent well cementing, casing lowering, and electrical measurement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 2 FIG. 3 is an enlarged structural diagram of the reamer blade of the embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 3 FIG. 5 is an enlarged structural diagram of the gauge pad of the embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 4 FIG. 7 is an enlarged structural diagram of the reamer blade of another embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 5 Structure diagram of another embodiment of the progressive hole cleaning tool while drilling of the present application;

[0033] Figure 6 Sectional view of another embodiment of the progressive hole cleaning tool while drilling of the present application.

[0034] In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed as follows:

[0035] 1, reamer body; 2, gauge wing; 3, reaming wing; 4, gauge tooth; 5, cutting tooth; 11, upper joint; 12, lower joint. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The principles and features of the present application are described below in conjunction with the drawings, and the examples are only used to explain the present application, and are not used to limit the scope of the present application.

[0037] Embodiment: as shown in 1, 2 and 3, the progressive hole cleaning tool while drilling of the present embodiment comprises a cylindrical reamer body 1, the outer surface of the reamer body 1 is integrally formed with gauge wings 2 and reaming wings 3 between the two ends, the gauge wings 2 and the reaming wings 3 are spaced along the circumference of the reamer body 1 and are distributed in a spiral shape, the reaming wings 3 are respectively provided with cutting teeth 5 away from the surface of the reamer body 1, and the gauge wings 2 and the reaming wings 3 are respectively provided with gauge teeth 4 on the same side of the two ends and the middle of the surface away from the reamer body 1. Figure 1 2 In this embodiment, the reamer body 1 of the progressive hole cleaning tool while drilling is axially through, the body is hollow, two reaming wings 3 and two gauge wings 2 are uniformly arranged in a spiral shape along the circumference of the reamer body 1, the gauge teeth 4 are installed on the whole body of the gauge wings 2 and the reaming wings 3, and the cutting teeth 5 are additionally provided on the surface (the surface away from the reamer body 1) of the reaming wings 3. The principle is that during drilling, the hole cleaning tool is installed on the BHA, the reamer body 1 rotates with the drill string (in this state, the tool is vertical as a whole), the gauge teeth 4 at the lower part and the middle part of the wings (the gauge wings 2 and the reaming wings 3) initially grind the formation, the cutting teeth 5 on the surface of the reaming wings 3 cut the dogleg of the drilling to achieve reaming, and the gauge teeth 4 at the upper part of the reaming wings 3 connected to one end of the drill pipe grind the well wall again, so that the wellbore is smoother, which helps to reduce the friction torque and ensure the safety of subsequent operations.

[0038] In this embodiment, the reamer body 1 of the progressive hole cleaning tool while drilling is axially through, the body is hollow, two reaming wings 3 and two gauge wings 2 are uniformly arranged in a spiral shape along the circumference of the reamer body 1, the gauge teeth 4 are installed on the whole body of the gauge wings 2 and the reaming wings 3, and the cutting teeth 5 are additionally provided on the surface (the surface away from the reamer body 1) of the reaming wings 3. The principle is that during drilling, the hole cleaning tool is installed on the BHA, the reamer body 1 rotates with the drill string (in this state, the tool is vertical as a whole), the gauge teeth 4 at the lower part and the middle part of the wings (the gauge wings 2 and the reaming wings 3) initially grind the formation, the cutting teeth 5 on the surface of the reaming wings 3 cut the dogleg of the drilling to achieve reaming, and the gauge teeth 4 at the upper part of the reaming wings 3 connected to one end of the drill pipe grind the well wall again, so that the wellbore is smoother, which helps to reduce the friction torque and ensure the safety of subsequent operations.

[0039] ​The whole while drilling progressive hole trimming tool set expands the hole, integrates the hole protection function, can be used for positive hole expansion, and can be used for reverse hole expansion operation. Through the tool, the hole can be trimmed, the smoothness of the drilling hole is improved, the protection teeth 4 and the cutting teeth 5 are used in combination to achieve the effect of strengthening the hole protection, the rock debris bed is destroyed and removed through the hydraulic stirring and mechanical scraping action of the cutter wing, and the problems such as hole shrinkage, large friction torque, difficult rock debris carrying and the like in drilling are solved, thereby creating a good wellbore environment for subsequent operation.

[0040] As a preferred embodiment, the hole protection cutter wing 2 and the hole expansion cutter wing 3 are respectively provided with at least two.

[0041] In the above embodiment, the hole protection cutter wing 2 and the hole expansion cutter wing 3 can be designed in different numbers according to actual conditions, but it is necessary to ensure that the number of the hole protection cutter wing 2 and the hole expansion cutter wing 3 is at least two respectively, and the number can be appropriately adjusted according to the size of the hole expander body 1, for example, when the size of the hole expander body 1 is large, the number of the hole protection cutter wing 2 and the hole expansion cutter wing 3 can be appropriately increased.

[0042] As a preferred embodiment, the hole protection cutter wing 2 is close to each other and is distributed on one side of the hole expander body 1, and the hole expansion cutter wing 3 is close to each other and is distributed on the other side of the hole expander body 1.

[0043] In the above embodiment, the hole expansion cutter wing is close to the hole expansion cutter wing, and the hole protection cutter wing is close to the hole protection cutter wing, which is designed as an eccentric structure, so that effective hole expansion and trimming operation can be realized during drilling.

[0044] Optimally, in the while drilling progressive hole trimming tool, the hole protection cutter wing 2 and the hole expansion cutter wing 3 are respectively provided with two.

[0045] As a preferred embodiment, the hole expansion cutter wing 3 is designed as a V shape, and the V-shaped tip of the hole expansion cutter wing 3 is in the middle.

[0046] In the above embodiment, the hole expansion cutter wing 3 is designed as a V shape, which can not only meet the spiral distribution of the hole expansion cutter wing 3, but also can reduce the torque in drilling to the lowest, thereby prolonging the service life of the whole tool to a certain extent.

[0047] It should be noted that the hole expansion cutter wing 3 is in the shape of a V, and the hole protection teeth 4 are arranged at the two ends of the outer side of the V and the edge of the V-shaped tip.

[0048] As a preferred embodiment, the hole protection cutter wing 2 is designed as a V shape, and the V-shaped tip of the hole protection cutter wing 2 is in the middle.

[0049] In the above embodiment, the gage pad 2 is designed in a V shape, which not only meets the spiral distribution of the gage pad 2, but also reduces the torque in drilling to a minimum, thereby prolonging the service life of the entire tool to a certain extent. In addition, the V-shaped bottom ends of the gage pad 2 and the reamer blade 3 are away from each other, that is, the gage pad 2 and the reamer blade 3 tend to be parallel to each other in the circumferential direction (the distance is approximately equal everywhere), and specifically, the consistency of the spiral distribution of the gage pad 2 and the reamer blade 3 is ensured.

[0050] It should be noted that: the gage pad 2 is in a V shape, and the gage teeth 4 are arranged at the two ends of the outer side of the V shape and the edge of the V-shaped tip.

[0051] As a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the middle part of the gage pad 2 and the reamer blade 3 is higher than that of other parts, and the thickness of the middle part of the reamer blade 3 is higher than that of the middle part of the gage pad 2.

[0052] In the above embodiment, the middle part of the gage pad 2 and the reamer blade 3 maintains a relatively high thickness, so that the structural strength distribution of the blade itself is reasonable, and the phenomenon of fracture during drilling is not easy to occur. In addition, the thickness of the middle part of the reamer blade 3 is higher than that of the middle part of the gage pad 2, so that the reaming cutting is smooth and effective.

[0053] In the present embodiment, the two ends of the outer surface (the side away from the body 1 of the reamer) of the gage pad 2 and the reamer blade 3 are chamfered, which facilitates the lowering or upward pulling of the entire tool.

[0054] As a preferred embodiment, the cutting tooth 5 is perpendicular to the surface of the gage pad 2 or the reamer blade 3, and the gage tooth 4 extends tangentially along the body 1 of the reamer.

[0055] In the above embodiment, the design that the cutting tooth 5 is perpendicular to the surface of the gage pad 2 or the reamer blade 3 ensures good cutting effect, and the tangential design of the gage tooth 4 ensures good grinding effect.

[0056] As a preferred embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 , 2 The cutting tooth 5 is arranged in a row along the extension direction of the reamer blade 3.

[0057] In the above embodiment, the arrangement of the cutting tooth 5 is set according to the width of the reamer blade 3, and generally, one row of cutting teeth 5 can be arranged on the surface of the reamer blade 3.

[0058] In the present embodiment, when the width of the reamer blade 3 is relatively wide, the number of cutting teeth 5 can be appropriately increased, and two or more rows of cutting teeth 5 can be arranged on the surface of the reamer blade 3 along the width direction (as shown in Figure 4As shown, the spacing between the cutting teeth 5 can be flexibly set according to actual needs, which will not be elaborated here.

[0059] It should be noted that in this embodiment, both the diameter-maintaining tooth 4 and the cutting tooth 5 are made of PDC material (process). (PDV is a diamond composite sheet, which is a composite material made by sintering diamond micro powder and cemented carbide substrate under ultra-high pressure and high temperature conditions).

[0060] As a preferred implementation method, such as Figure 5 and 6 As shown, one end of the aforementioned reamer body 1 is integrally formed with an upper connector 11 for connecting to the upper drill string, and the other end of the aforementioned reamer body 1 is integrally formed with a lower connector 12 for connecting to the lower drill string or drill bit.

[0061] In the above implementation scheme, the upper connector 11 and the lower connector 12 are conventional connectors in this type of tool. In this embodiment, they are manufactured with the reamer body 1 using an integral molding process, and the appropriate model can be flexibly selected according to the size of the drill rod and drill bit.

[0062] In practical applications, the placement of this progressive wellbore dressing tool should be optimized according to the actual situation, generally mounted on top of the BHA (Bottom Harness). The upper connector 11 connects to the upper drill string, and the lower connector 12 connects to the lower drill string or drill bit. The reamer body 1 rotates with the drill string. The gauge-maintaining teeth 4 at the bottom of the reamer blades initially grind the formation. The cutting teeth 5 of the reamer blades 3 cut the drilling doglegs to achieve reaming. Finally, the gauge-maintaining teeth 4 on the upper part of the reamer blades grind the well wall again, finishing the drilling doglegs. When encountering soft formations or formations with severe creep and necking, multiple wellbore dressing tools can be installed separately on the drill string to work together. Tools should be kept away from the casing or near the casing shoe to avoid damaging the casing or the tool's cutting teeth. After use, magnetic particle testing and wear assessment should be performed. Only after passing the inspection can the tool be reused in the well.

[0063] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0064] In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used only for the purpose of description and do not imply or imply relative importance or imply the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0065] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting", "fixing" and the like should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise explicitly limited. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0066] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the first feature is "on" or "under" the second feature. The first and second features can be in direct contact, or the first and second features can be indirectly in contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature "above", "above" and "above" the second feature can be the first feature directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or it can only mean that the first feature is higher than the second feature in horizontal height. The first feature "below", "below" and "below" the second feature can be the first feature directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or it can only mean that the first feature is lower than the second feature in horizontal height.

[0067] In the description of the present application, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present application, the illustrative description of the above terms is not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or features of different embodiments or examples described in the present application without contradiction.

[0068] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be construed as limiting the present application, and those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, replacements and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A progressive wellbore dressing tool used while drilling, characterized in that: The device includes a cylindrical eye expander body (1). The outer surface of the eye expander body (1) is integrally formed with a gauge-maintaining blade (2) and a hole-expanding blade (3) between its two ends. The gauge-maintaining blade (2) and the hole-expanding blade (3) are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the eye expander body (1) and are arranged in a spiral shape. The hole-expanding blade (3) is provided with cutting teeth (5) on the surface away from the eye expander body (1). The gauge-maintaining blade (2) and the hole-expanding blade (3) are provided with gauge-maintaining teeth (4) on the same side of the two ends and the middle of the surface away from the eye expander body (1).

2. The progressive wellbore dressing tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter-maintaining blade (2) and the hole-expanding blade (3) are each provided with at least two.

3. The progressive wellbore dressing tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The diameter-maintaining blades (2) are close to each other and distributed on one side of the eye expander body (1), while the hole-expanding blades (3) are close to each other and distributed on the other side of the eye expander body (1).

4. The progressive wellbore dressing tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The diameter-maintaining blade (2) and the hole-expanding blade (3) are each provided in two.

5. A progressive wellbore dressing tool as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The reaming blade (3) is V-shaped, with the V-shaped tip of the reaming blade (3) located in its middle.

6. A progressive wellbore dressing tool according to claim 5, characterized in that: The diameter-maintaining blade (2) is V-shaped, with the V-shaped tip of the blade (2) located in the middle.

7. A progressive wellbore dressing tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: The thickness of the middle part of both the diameter-maintaining blade (2) and the hole-expanding blade (3) is higher than the thickness of the other parts. The thickness of the middle part of the hole-expanding blade (3) is higher than the thickness of the middle part of the diameter-maintaining blade (2).

8. A progressive wellbore dressing tool according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cutting tooth (5) is perpendicular to the surface of the diameter-maintaining blade (2) or the hole-expanding blade (3), and the cutting tooth (5) extends tangentially along the body (1) of the eye expander.

9. A progressive wellbore dressing tool according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cutting teeth (5) are arranged in a row along the extension direction of the reaming blade (3).

10. A progressive wellbore dressing tool according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: One end of the reamer body (1) is integrally formed with an upper connector (11) for connecting to the upper drill string, and the other end of the reamer body (1) is integrally formed with a lower connector (12) for connecting to the lower drill string or drill bit.

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