Excitation acquisition circuit and control method thereof, electronic component and logging instrument

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas exploration and development, in particular to an excitation acquisition circuit and a control method thereof, an electronic component and a logging instrument, and the excitation acquisition circuit comprises an excitation acquisition control circuit module which sends an excitation work instruction and an acquisition work instruction based on a received work time sequence instruction; the excitation circuit module is electrically connected with the excitation acquisition control circuit module and is used for synchronously exciting a plurality of transmitters in the acoustic system to radiate wave signals in different modes to different directions according to an excitation work instruction sent by the excitation acquisition control circuit module so as to generate ultrasonic guided wave signals underground; and the acquisition circuit module is electrically connected with the excitation acquisition control circuit module and is used for carrying out parallel acquisition on multiple paths of ultrasonic guided wave signals received by a receiver array in the acoustic system according to an acquisition work instruction sent by the excitation acquisition control circuit module.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of oil and gas exploration and development, in particular to an excitation and acquisition circuit, a control method thereof, an electronic assembly and a logging instrument. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of oil and gas exploration and development, the quality of cementing and the condition of casing damage directly affect the safety production and life cycle of oil and gas wells. In the related technology, various ultrasonic guided wave imaging logging instruments are developed to measure the amplitude or attenuation change of guided waves in the casing to detect and evaluate the cementing quality and casing damage. However, for the ultrasonic guided wave imaging logging instrument, there is a technical problem of how to realize the close-range electrical connection, long-distance transmission and synchronous excitation and parallel acquisition of the multi-channel ultrasonic guided wave signals of the logging acoustic system and the excitation, reception and acquisition circuit thereof. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application provides an excitation and acquisition circuit, a control method thereof, an electronic assembly and a logging instrument, which solve the technical problem of how to realize the close-range electrical connection, long-distance transmission and synchronous excitation and parallel acquisition of the multi-channel ultrasonic guided wave signals of the logging acoustic system and the excitation, reception and acquisition circuit thereof.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present application provides an excitation and acquisition circuit, which is electrically connected with an acoustic system and a main control electronic bin, and is used for excitation and acquisition of downhole multi-mode ultrasonic guided wave signals. The excitation and acquisition circuit comprises: an excitation and acquisition control circuit module, which sends excitation and acquisition work instructions based on received work timing instructions; an excitation circuit module, which is electrically connected with the excitation and acquisition control circuit module, and is used for synchronously exciting different mode wave signals radiated by a plurality of transmitters in the acoustic system in different directions according to the excitation work instruction sent by the excitation and acquisition control circuit module, so as to generate ultrasonic guided wave signals downhole; and an acquisition circuit module, which is electrically connected with the excitation and acquisition control circuit module, and is used for performing parallel acquisition on the multi-channel ultrasonic guided wave signals received by a receiver array in the acoustic system according to the acquisition work instruction sent by the excitation and acquisition control circuit module.

[0005] In some embodiments, the excitation and acquisition circuit further comprises: a data buffer circuit module, which is electrically connected with the excitation and acquisition control circuit module and the acquisition circuit module, and is used for buffering the multi-channel ultrasonic guided wave signals collected by the acquisition circuit module according to the buffer control instruction sent by the excitation and acquisition control circuit module.

[0006] In some embodiments, the excitation and acquisition circuit further comprises: an acoustic system side electrical interface, wherein the excitation and acquisition circuit realizes electrical connection with the corresponding electrical interface in the acoustic system through the acoustic system side electrical interface, and the acoustic system side electrical interface can be inserted into the corresponding electrical interface in the acoustic system in a plug-in manner.

[0007] In some embodiments, the excitation acquisition circuit further comprises a master electronic cabinet side electrical interface, wherein the excitation acquisition circuit is electrically connected to the corresponding electrical interface in the master electronic cabinet through the master electronic cabinet side electrical interface, and the master electronic cabinet side electrical interface can establish electrical connection with the corresponding electrical interface in the master electronic cabinet through a data bus.

[0008] In some embodiments, the excitation circuit module is multiple, each excitation circuit module comprising: a low-voltage drive circuit unit electrically connected to the excitation acquisition control circuit module, for receiving the excitation operation instruction sent by the excitation acquisition control circuit module, and outputting a switch control signal in response to the excitation operation instruction; a high-voltage energy storage circuit unit electrically connected to the high-voltage power supply, for storing and outputting direct-current high-voltage electricity; and a high-power switch circuit unit electrically connected to the low-voltage drive circuit and the high-voltage energy storage circuit, for converting the direct-current high-voltage electricity output by the high-voltage energy storage circuit into a high-voltage pulse signal according to the switch control signal output by the low-voltage drive circuit, to excite the corresponding transmitter in the acoustic system to work.

[0009] In some embodiments, the acquisition circuit module comprises a multi-channel selection circuit unit and a plurality of acquisition channel units: the multi-channel selection circuit unit is electrically connected to the excitation acquisition control circuit module, for selecting the corresponding acquisition channel unit to acquire and condition the ultrasonic guided wave signal received by the corresponding receiver in the acoustic system according to the acquisition operation instruction sent by the excitation acquisition control circuit module.

[0010] In some embodiments, each acquisition channel unit comprises: a preamplifier subunit electrically connected to the acoustic system, for receiving the ultrasonic guided wave signal, amplifying the ultrasonic guided wave signal at a preset gain, and outputting the amplified ultrasonic guided wave signal; an active bandpass filter subunit electrically connected to the preamplifier subunit, for receiving the amplified ultrasonic guided wave signal, filtering the amplified ultrasonic guided wave signal at a preset frequency range, and outputting the filtered ultrasonic guided wave signal; an automatic gain control circuit subunit electrically connected to the active bandpass filter subunit, for receiving the filtered ultrasonic guided wave signal, gain controlling the filtered ultrasonic guided wave signal, and outputting the gain controlled ultrasonic guided wave signal; and an analog-to-digital conversion circuit subunit electrically connected to the automatic gain control circuit subunit, for receiving the gain controlled ultrasonic guided wave signal, and digitizing the gain controlled ultrasonic guided wave signal.

[0011] In the second aspect, the present application provides a control method of the excitation acquisition circuit of any one of the above aspects, comprising: outputting a high-voltage pulse signal to synchronously excite the oblique incidence transmitter in the acoustic system to generate A0 mode wave signals and the normal incidence transmitter to generate S1 mode wave signals; and after a preset delay, synchronously starting a preset number of acquisition channels to perform parallel acquisition of ultrasonic guided wave signals in a broadcast form.

[0012] In a third aspect, the present application provides an electronic assembly, comprising: a housing, and the excitation and collection circuit according to any one of the preceding aspects arranged on a board card, wherein the board card is sealed in the housing.

[0013] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a logging instrument, comprising: an acoustic system, a main control electronic bin, and the electronic assembly according to the preceding aspect; an electrical interface is arranged on a bearing frame of the acoustic system, used to establish electrical connection with the electronic assembly in the manner of plugging the electronic assembly; and the electronic assembly is electrically connected with the main control electronic bin through a data bus.

[0014] The present application provides an excitation and collection circuit, a control method thereof, an electronic assembly, and a logging instrument, wherein the excitation and collection circuit comprises: an excitation and collection control circuit module, configured to send an excitation work instruction and a collection work instruction based on a received work timing instruction; an excitation circuit module, electrically connected with the excitation and collection control circuit module, configured to, according to the excitation work instruction sent by the excitation and collection control circuit module, synchronously excite multiple transmitters in an acoustic system to radiate different mode wave signals in different directions, so as to generate an ultrasonic guided wave signal underground; and a collection circuit module, electrically connected with the excitation and collection control circuit module, configured to, according to the collection work instruction sent by the excitation and collection control circuit module, perform parallel collection on multiple ultrasonic guided wave signals received by a receiver array in the acoustic system. The technical solution of the embodiment effectively solves the problem of large noise and low signal quality caused by long signal transmission distance in the prior art, through integrated design, synchronous excitation and parallel collection, and intelligent control strategy, and improves the efficiency and quality of ultrasonic guided wave imaging logging. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] The present application will be described in more detail below based on embodiments and with reference to the drawings:

[0016] Figure 1 is a system composition schematic diagram of an excitation and collection circuit for a downhole multi-mode ultrasonic guided wave signal provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0017] Figure 2 is a principle block diagram of an excitation circuit for a downhole multi-mode ultrasonic guided wave signal provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 3 is a principle block diagram of a collection circuit for a downhole multi-mode ultrasonic guided wave signal provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 4 is a control method flow process schematic diagram of an excitation and collection circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 5 is a structure schematic diagram of a pressure-sealed electronic assembly integrated with an excitation and collection circuit for a downhole multi-mode ultrasonic guided wave signal provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0021] In the drawings, like reference numerals refer to same components, and the drawings are not drawn to scale. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to better understand the technical scheme of the present application, and to understand the implementation process of how the present application applies technical means to solve technical problems and achieve corresponding technical effects, and to fully understand and implement the present application, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The embodiments of the present application and various features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict, and the formed technical scheme is within the protection scope of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor should be within the protection scope of the present application.

[0023] It should be noted that the terms “first”, “second”, and the like in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-described drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily have to be used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data thus used can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms “include” and “have” and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product, or device including a series of steps or units does not have to be limited to only those steps or units clearly listed, but can include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0024] It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart of the drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions, and although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described herein can be executed in an order different from that described herein.

[0025] In the field of oil and gas exploration and development, the quality of cementing and the condition of casing damage directly affect the safety production and life cycle of oil and gas wells. In related technologies, various ultrasonic guided wave imaging logging instruments are developed to measure the amplitude or attenuation change of guided waves in the casing to detect and evaluate the cementing quality and casing damage. However, for ultrasonic guided wave imaging logging instruments, there is a technical problem in the field of how to realize the close-range electrical connection, long-distance transmission, and multi-channel ultrasonic guided wave signal synchronous excitation and parallel acquisition of the logging acoustic system and its excitation, reception, and acquisition circuit.

[0026] Hereinafter, the technical solutions of the present application will be described in combination with specific embodiments.

[0027] Example One

[0028] Figure 1 is a system composition schematic diagram of a circuit for downhole multi-mode ultrasonic guided wave signal excitation and collection provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 1 in the technical solutions of the present application, an excitation and collection circuit is provided, which is electrically connected with an acoustic system and a master control electronic bin, and is used for excitation and collection of downhole multi-mode ultrasonic guided wave signals. The excitation and collection circuit comprises: an excitation and collection control circuit module, which sends excitation working instructions and collection working instructions based on received working time sequence instructions; an excitation circuit module, which is electrically connected with the excitation and collection control circuit module, and is used for synchronously exciting a plurality of transmitters in the acoustic system to radiate different mode wave signals in different directions according to the excitation working instructions sent by the excitation and collection control circuit module, so as to generate ultrasonic guided wave signals downhole; and a collection circuit module, which is electrically connected with the excitation and collection control circuit module, and is used for performing parallel collection on a plurality of ultrasonic guided wave signals received by a receiver array in the acoustic system according to the collection working instructions sent by the excitation and collection control circuit module.

[0029] The technical problem solved by the technical solutions of the present application is how to overcome the technical problems of low efficiency and poor signal quality in casing ultrasonic guided wave signal excitation and collection. In the technical solutions of the present application, the excitation and collection circuit integrates the excitation and collection control circuit, the excitation circuit and the collection circuit. This high integration not only simplifies the system structure, but also reduces the number and complexity of elements in the signal transmission path, thereby reducing the loss and noise interference in the signal transmission process. In the technical solutions of the present application, the excitation and collection control circuit can accurately control the time sequence of the excitation circuit and the collection circuit, so as to ensure that the transmitters synchronously emit ultrasonic waves after receiving the excitation working instructions, and the collection circuit starts parallel collection on the received ultrasonic guided wave signals after a preset delay. This synchronous mechanism improves the timeliness and accuracy of signal collection, and avoids the problems of signal misplacement or loss caused by asynchronous operation. In the technical solutions of the present application, the excitation and collection control circuit flexibly configures excitation parameters, programmed gain and collection parameters according to the received working time sequence instructions, so as to dynamically adjust the system performance according to the actual measurement environment, optimize the signal quality, and thereby improve the accuracy and reliability of imaging logging. Through integrated design, synchronous excitation and parallel collection and intelligent control strategy, the technical solutions of the present application effectively solve the problems of large noise and low signal quality caused by long signal transmission distance in the traditional technology, and improve the efficiency and quality of ultrasonic guided wave imaging logging.

[0030] Example Two

[0031] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, the excitation and collection circuit further comprises a data buffer circuit module, which is electrically connected with the excitation and collection control circuit module and the collection circuit module, and is used for buffering the multi-channel ultrasonic guided wave signals collected by the collection circuit module according to the buffer control instruction sent by the excitation and collection control circuit module.

[0032] The technical problem solved by the technical scheme of the embodiment is to improve the efficiency and reliability of ultrasonic guided wave signal processing, especially in the downhole logging environment with large data volume and high real-time requirement, how to ensure that the collected ultrasonic guided wave signals can be timely and completely stored and processed to avoid measurement errors caused by data loss or processing delay. In the technical scheme of the embodiment, the data buffer circuit module is directly electrically connected with the excitation and collection control circuit module and the collection circuit module. This design ensures that the collected multi-channel ultrasonic guided wave signals can be immediately stored in the buffer without waiting for the direct response of the host system or relying on external storage devices, greatly shortening the waiting time of data processing and improving the real-time performance of data processing. In the technical scheme of the embodiment, the introduction of the data buffer circuit can orderly receive a large amount of data from the collection circuit under the unified scheduling of the excitation and collection control circuit, avoiding data loss or confusion in the transmission process, especially in the case of signal intensive or burst, which can effectively buffer a large amount of data generated at the moment, ensuring the integrity of the data. In the technical scheme of the embodiment, the data buffer circuit can play a buffering role by temporarily storing data locally, reducing the immediate processing pressure of the host electronic bin. The host system can extract data from the buffer as needed for subsequent analysis and processing, which can not only optimize system resource allocation, but also improve the overall system efficiency. In the technical scheme of the embodiment, in the complex and variable operating environment downhole, the data buffer circuit provides additional data security for the system. Even if there is a momentary communication interruption or a temporary decline in the processing capacity of the host, the collected data can still be saved, reducing the risk of data loss and enhancing the continuity and stability of logging operations. In the technical scheme of the embodiment, by integrating the data buffer circuit module, the technical scheme effectively overcomes the real-time, integrity, system efficiency and stability of ultrasonic guided wave signal acquisition and processing in the downhole, and improves the overall performance of ultrasonic guided wave imaging logging.

[0033] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, the excitation and collection circuit further comprises an acoustic system side electrical interface, wherein the excitation and collection circuit is electrically connected with the corresponding electrical interface in the acoustic system through the acoustic system side electrical interface, and the acoustic system side electrical interface can be plugged into the corresponding electrical interface in the acoustic system in a plug-in manner.

[0034] The technical problem solved by the technical scheme of the embodiment is how to ensure stable and reliable electrical connection between the excitation and collection circuit and the acoustic system (including the transmitter and the receiver) in a complex and space-limited downhole environment while reducing interference and loss in the signal transmission process. The technical scheme of the embodiment simplifies the connection process, reduces intermediate links, reduces signal attenuation and interference problems caused by too many connecting parts, and improves the stability and quality of signal transmission by integrating the acoustic system side electrical interface in the excitation and collection circuit and ensuring direct matching with the corresponding electrical interface in the acoustic system. In the technical scheme of the embodiment, the use of the direct electrical interface shortens the transmission distance of the excitation signal and the collection signal, reduces the attenuation and noise interference that the signal may encounter in long-distance transmission, thereby improving the purity and intensity of the ultrasonic guided wave signal and providing higher-quality raw data for subsequent signal processing and analysis. In order to adapt to the harsh downhole environment, the acoustic system side electrical interface is designed to be high-pressure resistant, high-temperature resistant, moisture-proof and dust-proof, etc., to ensure that good electrical contact can be maintained even in extreme conditions and prevent external environmental factors from affecting signal transmission. In the technical scheme of the embodiment, by integrating the acoustic system side electrical interface in the excitation and collection circuit and directly electrically connecting with the acoustic system, the technical scheme reduces the attenuation and noise interference that the signal may encounter in long-distance transmission, effectively improves the stability and efficiency of signal transmission, enhances the environmental adaptability and overall reliability of the system, and solves the key technical problems of signal transmission and system integration in downhole ultrasonic guided wave imaging logging. The technical problem solved by the technical scheme of the embodiment is how to achieve reliable connection between the excitation and collection circuit and the acoustic system in a complex downhole operation environment. The technical scheme of the embodiment uses plug-in design, so that the acoustic system side electrical interface can be easily connected with the corresponding electrical interface in the acoustic system without the need for complex tools or professional skills, greatly saving the installation and maintenance time, improving the operation efficiency and reliability, and reducing the operation difficulty. The use of plug-in acoustic system side electrical interface effectively solves the reliability of the connection between the excitation and collection circuit and the acoustic system in downhole operation.

[0035] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, the excitation and collection circuit further comprises a main control electronic bin side electrical interface, wherein the excitation and collection circuit realizes electrical connection with the corresponding electrical interface in the main control electronic bin through the main control electronic bin side electrical interface, and the main control electronic bin side electrical interface can establish electrical connection with the corresponding electrical interface in the main control electronic bin through a data bus.

[0036] The technical problem solved by the technical scheme of the embodiment is how to efficiently and stably realize data exchange and control instruction transmission between the excitation acquisition circuit and the main control electronic bin in a complex downhole operation environment, while ensuring the reliability of the system and the efficiency of data transmission. The technical scheme of the embodiment establishes electrical connection through the electrical interface on the main control electronic bin side and the corresponding interface in the electronic bin main control system, and uses a bus mode for data communication, which can realize fast transmission of a large amount of ultrasonic guided wave signal data, improve the speed and efficiency of data processing, and is beneficial to real-time monitoring and analysis. The use of bus connection simplifies the wiring between the excitation acquisition circuit and the main control electronic bin, reduces the wiring complexity, facilitates system installation and maintenance, and at the same time reduces the failure rate caused by wiring errors, improves the integration and maintainability of the system. The electrical interface design takes into account the special requirements of the downhole harsh environment, ensuring that the interface can still maintain good electrical connection and signal transmission quality under high temperature, high pressure, vibration and other conditions, and enhancing the environmental adaptability of the entire logging system. The technical scheme of the embodiment integrates the electrical interface on the main control electronic bin side in the excitation acquisition circuit, and connects with the electronic bin main control system through a bus, effectively solving the technical problems of data transmission efficiency, system stability and integration, and improving the operation efficiency and reliability of the ultrasonic guided wave imaging logging system in the complex downhole environment.

[0037] Example Three

[0038] Figure 2 is a principle block diagram of a downhole multi-mode ultrasonic guided wave signal excitation circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 2 the above embodiment, the excitation circuit module is multiple, each excitation circuit module includes: a low-voltage drive circuit unit, which is electrically connected with the excitation acquisition control circuit module, for receiving the excitation work instruction sent by the excitation acquisition control circuit module, and outputting a switch control signal in response to the excitation work instruction; a high-voltage energy storage circuit unit, which is electrically connected with the high-voltage power supply, for storing and outputting direct-current high-voltage; a high-power switch circuit unit, which is electrically connected with the low-voltage drive circuit and the high-voltage energy storage circuit, for converting the direct-current high-voltage output by the high-voltage energy storage circuit into a high-voltage pulse signal according to the switch control signal output by the low-voltage drive circuit, to excite the corresponding transmitter in the acoustic system.

[0039] The technical problem solved by the technical scheme of the embodiment is how to accurately control the generation and transmission of excitation signals in downhole ultrasonic guided wave imaging logging, so as to ensure efficient and stable excitation of the transmitter to generate high-quality ultrasonic signals, reduce energy loss and signal interference, and improve the reliability and imaging quality of the overall system. The technical scheme of the embodiment sends an excitation work instruction to the low-voltage drive circuit unit through the excitation acquisition control circuit module, thereby realizing accurate control of the excitation process. The transmitter is ensured to synchronously emit ultrasonic waves at the right time, thereby improving the signal synchronization and logging accuracy. The high-voltage energy storage circuit unit stabilizes the high-voltage power supply, and outputs stable high-voltage electricity. This design solves the influence of high-voltage power supply fluctuations on the quality of excitation signals in a complex downhole environment, ensures the strength and stability of the excitation signals, and thereby improves the penetration and resolution of ultrasonic guided wave signals. The high-power switching circuit unit is controlled by the low-voltage drive circuit unit, and accurately controls the release of high-voltage electricity according to the received switching control signal, thereby providing a controlled high-voltage electric pulse excitation to the transmitter in the acoustic system, reducing the loss in the energy transmission process, and ensuring efficient use of excitation energy. By controlling multiple transmitters to synchronously radiate different mode wave signals (such as A0 and S1 mode waves), the comprehensiveness and accuracy of ultrasonic guided wave imaging are enhanced, the state of the casing and the surrounding medium can be detected from different angles and depths, and the ability to detect anomalies such as cement bond quality and casing damage is improved. The technical scheme of the embodiment integrates key circuit units such as low-voltage drive, high-voltage energy storage, and high-power switching, realizes accurate control of the excitation process, efficient energy management and transmission, and synchronous excitation of multi-mode wave signals, effectively solves the problem of excitation signal generation and control in downhole ultrasonic guided wave imaging logging, and improves the quality of logging data and the overall performance of the system.

[0040] Example Four

[0041] Figure 3 is a principle block diagram of a downhole multi-mode ultrasonic guided wave signal acquisition circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 3 on the basis of the above embodiment, the acquisition circuit module includes a multi-channel selection circuit unit and a plurality of acquisition channel units: the multi-channel selection circuit unit is electrically connected with the excitation acquisition control circuit module, and is used for selecting a corresponding acquisition channel unit to acquire and condition the ultrasonic guided wave signals received by the corresponding receiver in the acoustic system according to the acquisition work instruction sent by the excitation acquisition control circuit module.

[0042] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, each acquisition channel unit comprises: a preamplification circuit subunit, which is electrically connected with the acoustic system, is used for receiving the ultrasonic guided wave signal, amplifies the ultrasonic guided wave signal with a preset gain, and outputs the amplified ultrasonic guided wave signal; an active band-pass filter subunit, which is electrically connected with the preamplification circuit subunit, is used for receiving the amplified ultrasonic guided wave signal, filtering the amplified ultrasonic guided wave signal in a preset frequency range, and outputting the filtered ultrasonic guided wave signal; an automatic gain control circuit subunit, which is electrically connected with the active band-pass filter subunit, is used for receiving the filtered ultrasonic guided wave signal, performing gain control on the filtered ultrasonic guided wave signal, and outputting the gain-controlled ultrasonic guided wave signal; and an analog-to-digital conversion circuit subunit, which is electrically connected with the automatic gain control circuit subunit, is used for receiving the gain-controlled ultrasonic guided wave signal, and performing digital acquisition on the gain-controlled ultrasonic guided wave signal.

[0043] The technical problem solved by the technical scheme of the present embodiment is how to efficiently and accurately acquire, process and digitize the ultrasonic guided wave signal from the complex downhole environment while maintaining the quality of the signal and optimizing the signal-to-noise ratio, so as to realize high-resolution and high-sensitivity ultrasonic guided wave imaging logging. Through the multi-channel selection circuit unit, specific acquisition channels are flexibly selected according to the instructions of the excitation acquisition control circuit module, which allows the system to collect data from specific multiple receiver array channels, effectively filters irrelevant signals, and improves the specificity and efficiency of the measurement. The preamplification circuit subunit not only amplifies the weak ultrasonic guided wave signal with a preset gain, but also provides input protection to prevent distortion caused by signal overload, ensuring high-fidelity transmission of the signal. The active band-pass filter subunit filters the amplified signal in a preset frequency range, removes noise and interference in non-target frequency bands, and significantly improves the purity of the signal, which is crucial for distinguishing different ultrasonic guided wave modes and helps to improve the imaging resolution. The automatic gain control circuit subunit automatically adjusts the gain according to the signal strength, avoiding saturation of strong signals and enhancing the detectability of weak signals, achieving balanced processing of signals of different intensities, and further optimizing the signal-to-noise ratio. The analog-to-digital conversion circuit subunit converts the analog signal processed by the above-mentioned units into a digital signal, which ensures the integrity of the signal while facilitating subsequent digital signal processing and analysis, improving the processing speed and accuracy of the entire system. The technical scheme of the present embodiment integrates multiple levels of signal conditioning and optimization measures, realizes efficient and high-fidelity acquisition and processing of ultrasonic guided wave signals, effectively deals with the challenges of signal weakening, numerous interferences and mixed frequencies in the complex downhole environment, and provides a high-quality data basis for ultrasonic guided wave imaging logging, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of casing structure and anomaly detection.

[0044] Example Five

[0045] Figure 4 is a control method flow diagram of an excitation and collection circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in the figure, Figure 4 in the technical solution of the embodiment, a control method of the excitation and collection circuit of any of the above embodiments is provided, which includes: outputting a high-voltage pulse signal to synchronously excite the oblique incidence transmitter in the sound system to generate A0 mode wave signals and the vertical incidence transmitter to generate S1 mode wave signals; after a preset delay, synchronously starting a preset number of collection channels in a broadcast form to perform parallel collection on the ultrasonic guided wave signals.

[0046] The technical problem solved by the control method of the embodiment is how to accurately control the excitation transmitter to generate different mode ultrasonic signals, efficiently and synchronously collect and process these signals, and quickly and reliably transmit a large amount of data to the main control system for analysis to realize accurate imaging and evaluation of the downhole structure when performing ultrasonic guided wave imaging logging operation. By accurately controlling the oblique incidence transmitter and the vertical incidence transmitter to generate A0 mode wave signals and S1 mode wave signals respectively, different mode ultrasonic waves are used for comprehensive detection of the downhole structure, which improves the comprehensiveness and accuracy of imaging. The synchronous transmission mechanism ensures that the mutual interference between signals is minimized, which is beneficial for subsequent signal separation and analysis. After excitation transmission, an appropriate delay is set to ensure that the ultrasonic signals are fully propagated to the receiver position, and then all preset collection channels are started synchronously to collect signals in a broadcast form at the same time. In this way, information confusion caused by signal overlap is avoided, and collection resources are fully utilized, which improves the efficiency and quality of data collection. The collected ultrasonic guided wave signal data is quickly and in batches transmitted to the main control electronic bin through the bus. Compared with the traditional transmission, the bus transmission has higher data throughput and transmission speed, reduces the delay of data transmission, ensures that the main control system can process a large amount of data in real time, quickly feeds back the logging result, and enhances the real-time performance and overall working efficiency of the system. The control method effectively solves the key technical problems of signal synchronization, data processing speed and system integration in ultrasonic guided wave imaging logging by using accurate excitation control, efficient synchronous collection strategy and fast data transmission mechanism, improves the accuracy and efficiency of downhole imaging, and enhances the adaptability and reliability of logging operation.

[0047] Example Six

[0048] Figure 5 is a structure diagram of a pressure-sealed electronic assembly integrated with a downhole multi-mode ultrasonic guided wave signal excitation and collection circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in the figure, Figure 5 in the technical solution of the embodiment, an electronic assembly is provided, which includes: a shell, and an excitation and collection circuit as in any of the above embodiments disposed on a board card, wherein the board card is sealed in the shell.

[0049] The technical problem solved by the technical scheme of the embodiment is how to ensure that electronic components, such as excitation and collection circuits, can work stably for a long time in a harsh downhole working environment, are not affected by extreme conditions such as high pressure, high temperature, vibration, humidity, and corrosive substances, and at the same time maintain high-efficiency and reliable signal transmission capability. The excitation and collection circuits are wrapped in a metal shell and filled with potting glue to form a solid and sealed protective environment. The metal shell can withstand high pressure and physical impact during downhole operation, and the potting glue can isolate moisture and chemical corrosion to protect the circuit from environmental damage and prolong its service life. By installing pressure-sealed electrical interfaces at both ends of the shell and using positioning pins and sealing rubber rings to ensure the sealing and stability of the interfaces, the sealing problem of electrical connections in a high-pressure environment is solved, effectively preventing the infiltration of high-pressure drilling fluid and other media, and protecting the reliability and safety of electrical connections. The pressure-sealed electrical interface contains at least two high-pressure sealed pins, which are specially designed for stable transmission of excitation and collection signals in a high-pressure environment. This design ensures stable signal transmission under strong pressure and vibration conditions, avoids signal attenuation and interference, and improves the accuracy and integrity of logging data. The technical scheme of the embodiment successfully solves the multiple challenges faced by excitation and collection circuits in complex downhole environments by strengthening the physical protection of electronic components and optimizing the sealing and high-pressure adaptability of electrical interfaces, ensuring smooth logging operations and high-quality data acquisition, and improving the reliability and efficiency of the overall system.

[0050] Example Seven

[0051] In the technical scheme of the embodiment, a logging instrument is provided, which includes an acoustic system, a main control electronic bin, and an electronic component as in the above embodiment. An electrical interface is arranged on the carrier frame of the acoustic system to establish electrical connection with the electronic component in the form of inserting the electronic component. The electronic component is electrically connected to the main control electronic bin through a data bus.

[0052] The technical scheme of the embodiment solves the technical problem of how to realize efficient and high-precision ultrasonic guided wave signal excitation and collection in a complex downhole environment, ensure reliable data transmission to the host system for processing, and guarantee the stability and durability of the equipment in a limited space and harsh working conditions. The technical scheme of the embodiment realizes the close integration of the excitation and collection circuit and the acoustic system by integrating the electronic components onto the acoustic system carrier of the logging instrument, reduces the signal transmission distance, reduces signal attenuation and interference, and improves the efficiency and accuracy of excitation and collection. The pressure-sealed design of the electronic components enables them to be directly exposed to harsh environments such as drilling fluid in the downhole, effectively resisting the effects of high temperature, high pressure, vibration and corrosion, ensuring long-term stable operation of the electronic components and extending the service life of the logging instrument. The technical scheme of the embodiment improves the data transmission efficiency by communicating between the electronic components and the main control electronic bin through a bus, reduces noise interference in signal transmission, and enables a large amount of ultrasonic guided wave signal data to be quickly and accurately transmitted to the host system, improving the real-time performance and accuracy of logging data processing. The technical scheme of the embodiment, through integrated, pressure-sealed, efficient communication and modular design, not only solves the problem of signal excitation and collection in a complex downhole environment, but also ensures efficient and stable data transmission, improves the overall performance and reliability of the logging instrument, and provides strong hardware support for high-precision ultrasonic guided wave imaging logging.

[0053] Example Eight

[0054] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, an application example is provided.

[0055] In the field of oil and gas exploration and development, the quality of cementing and the condition of casing damage directly affect the safety production and life cycle of oil and gas wells. In related technologies, various ultrasonic guided wave imaging logging instruments are developed to measure the amplitude or attenuation change of guided waves in the casing to detect and evaluate the cementing quality and casing damage. However, for ultrasonic guided wave imaging logging instruments, how to realize the close electrical connection, long-distance transmission and multi-channel ultrasonic guided wave signal synchronous excitation and parallel collection of the logging acoustic system and its excitation, reception and collection circuit is a technical problem that needs to be solved.

[0056] The present application relates to the technical field of oil and gas exploration and development, and in particular to the technical field of casing well imaging logging, and relates to a downhole multi-mode ultrasonic guided wave signal excitation and collection circuit and control method.

[0057] In the field of oil and gas exploration and development, the quality of cementing and the condition of casing damage directly affect the safety production and life cycle of oil and gas wells. Measuring the amplitude or attenuation of guided waves in the casing is an important casing well logging method for detecting and evaluating the quality of cement bonding and casing damage. The casing-cement sheath-formation forms a radially layered liquid-filled borehole acoustic waveguide, and the guided waves in the casing include the zero-order symmetric Lamb wave S0 mode, the zero-order anti-symmetric Lamb wave A0 mode, the first-order symmetric Lamb wave S1 mode, and the high-order symmetric Lamb wave S2, S3 mode. The amplitude or attenuation characteristics of S0 mode wave are used to develop cement bonding logging instruments CBL (Cement Bonding Logging) and SBT (Segmented Bond Tool). This kind of instrument can only evaluate the cement bonding condition of the first interface, but cannot detect the casing corrosion deformation, and has great limitations in the evaluation of light cement bonding condition. The amplitude or attenuation, frequency spectrum, etc. of S1 mode wave are used to develop cement acoustic impedance logging instruments PET (Pulse Echoed Tool), CAST (Circumferential Acoustic Scanning Tool) and USIT (UltraSonic Imager Tool). This kind of instrument can detect the cement circumferential bonding condition, the acoustic impedance of the medium behind the casing, and the casing thickness and deformation, but it is difficult to detect the second interface bonding condition and the possible micro-gap in the cement sheath. The attenuation of A0 mode wave and the amplitude or attenuation, frequency spectrum, etc. of S1 mode wave are combined to develop cement sheath isolation imaging logging instrument IBC (Imaging Behind Casing). This kind of instrument uses oblique incidence measurement A0 mode wave and vertical incidence measurement S1 mode wave to jointly invert the gas-liquid-solid phase state of the medium outside the casing and evaluate the cement bonding quality and casing damage condition. This combined measurement method is not affected by the density of cement, and can effectively improve the evaluation effect of low-density cement bonding quality, but it is still not sensitive to the micro-ring in the low-density cement sheath. In summary, the logging instrument developed by using guided waves in the casing first needs to use the transmitter to excite mode waves in the casing, and then use the receiver to receive the corresponding mode waves. This kind of instrument can be collectively referred to as ultrasonic guided wave logging instrument. The basic structure of ultrasonic guided wave logging instrument includes acoustic system, excitation circuit, receiving circuit, acquisition circuit, etc.

[0058] The excitation circuit, receiving circuit, acquisition circuit and other circuits of the ultrasonic guided wave logging instrument of the related art are integrated in the electronic chamber short section, and are spaced apart from the acoustic system by a long distance (usually greater than 2.0 m), such as the ultrasonic Lamb wave imaging logging instrument of the cement ring isolation imaging logging type. The instrument is composed of a rotating scanning acoustic system, a motor and a directional assembly, a pressure balancer, an electronic chamber short section and an upper and lower roller centralizer. The rotating scanning acoustic system includes four ultrasonic transducers, of which one self-excited self-receiving ultrasonic transducer is vertically placed on one side of the instrument and is used for transmitting and detecting ultrasonic pulse reflection echo and S1 mode wave signals; the other three ultrasonic transducers (one transmitter and two receivers) are arranged at a certain inclination angle on the other side of the instrument and constitute a one-transmitting and two-receiving logging acoustic system, which is used for transmitting and detecting ultrasonic pulse A0 mode wave signals and subsequent reflected waves. The electronic chamber short section integrates all electronic circuits of the instrument logging, mainly including a control circuit, a data acquisition and processing circuit, an ultrasonic wave transmitting excitation and receiving amplification circuit, a directional measurement circuit and a power supply circuit, so that the connection of the electronic chamber short section and the rotating scanning acoustic system needs to use a long distance and a large number of penetrating wires for electrical connection, which inevitably introduces strong noise interference to the output of the ultrasonic mode wave signals in the frequency range of 200-700 kHz and mutual crosstalk between multiple channels during analog signal transmission, thereby significantly reducing the signal-to-noise ratio of the logging data.

[0059] Therefore, for the ultrasonic guided wave imaging logging instrument, how to realize the close-range electrical connection of the logging acoustic system and the excitation, receiving and acquisition circuits thereof and the synchronous excitation and parallel acquisition of multiple ultrasonic guided wave signals are technical problems to be solved urgently.

[0060] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the defects of the prior art, provide a circuit and control method for downhole multi-mode ultrasonic guided wave signal excitation and acquisition, overcome the deficiencies of long-distance wiring in the prior art which introduces strong noise interference, solve the technical problems of close-range connection of the rotating scanning acoustic system and the electronic system and synchronous excitation and parallel acquisition of multiple ultrasonic guided wave signals in the narrow space under high temperature and high pressure downhole, and achieve the technical effect of improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the downhole multi-mode ultrasonic guided wave signal data acquisition.

[0061] In order to overcome the lack of means suitable for close-range excitation and acquisition of multi-mode ultrasonic guided wave signals in a cased well in the related art, the present application provides a circuit for downhole multi-mode ultrasonic guided wave signal excitation and acquisition, so as to realize synchronous excitation of multiple transmitters and parallel data acquisition of a receiver array of the rotating scanning acoustic system in a narrow space. The circuit for downhole multi-mode ultrasonic guided wave signal excitation and acquisition is composed of independent pressure-sealed electronic components, is fixed on a bearing frame of the rotating scanning acoustic system, is interconnected and communicated with a main control electronic chamber through a high-speed serial data transmission bus, and is connected in close range with multiple transmitters and a receiver array in the rotating scanning acoustic system. The pressure-sealed electronic components include:

[0062] The excitation acquisition control circuit is used for receiving operation instructions, decoding operation timing, setting excitation parameters, programmed gain and acquisition parameters, etc., and controlling storage and transmission of ultrasonic guided wave signal data, and communicating with the master control electronic bin through a high-speed serial data transmission bus.

[0063] The excitation circuit is composed of a high-voltage energy storage circuit, a low-voltage drive circuit and a high-power switch circuit; the high-voltage energy storage circuit is used for charging a large-capacity capacitor and storing DC high-voltage energy in the large-capacity capacitor; the low-voltage drive circuit is used for outputting CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Transistor) logic level and amplifying drive current to provide a large-current drive signal to control the conduction and cutoff of the switch circuit; the high-power switch circuit is used for controlling the energy release in the high-voltage energy storage circuit to generate a high-voltage pulse to synchronously excite multiple transmitters to radiate ultrasonic signals to two opposite directions.

[0064] The acquisition circuit is composed of a multi-channel selection circuit, a preamplifier circuit, an active band-pass filter, an automatic gain control circuit and an analog-to-digital conversion circuit; the multi-channel selection circuit is used for selecting an acquisition channel to receive and condition the ultrasonic guided wave signal received by a corresponding receiver in the receiver array; the preamplifier circuit is used for amplifying the ultrasonic guided wave signal with a fixed gain and providing input protection function; the active band-pass filter is used for filtering the ultrasonic guided wave signal in a certain frequency range to eliminate unwanted signals; the automatic gain control circuit is used for controlling the amplification and attenuation of the ultrasonic guided wave signal; and the analog-to-digital conversion circuit is used for digitizing and acquiring in parallel the ultrasonic guided wave signals received by multiple receivers in the receiver array.

[0065] The data buffer circuit is used for storing the ultrasonic guided wave signals recorded by the acquisition channel in digital form.

[0066] The power conversion circuit is used for outputting a power supply operating voltage to power the devices in the excitation acquisition circuit.

[0067] The pressure-sealed electrical interface is used for connecting the pressure-sealed electronic assembly with the rotary scanning acoustic system and the master control electronic bin, and realizing synchronous excitation and parallel acquisition of ultrasonic guided wave signals, serial data transmission bus communication and DC voltage power supply.

[0068] Therefore, the circuit for downhole multi-mode ultrasonic guided wave signal excitation and acquisition of the present application realizes the close electrical connection between the pressure-sealed electronic assembly and the rotary scanning acoustic system and the data communication between the pressure-sealed electronic assembly and the master control electronic bin, and solves the technical problems of close connection between the rotary scanning acoustic system and the electronic system and synchronous excitation and parallel acquisition of multiple ultrasonic guided wave signals in a narrow space under high temperature and high pressure conditions.

[0069] The application also provides a control method for downhole multi-mode ultrasonic guided wave signal excitation and collection.

[0070] Step one: the instrument main control electronic bin under the overall control of the ground system, sends working time sequence instructions to the excitation and collection circuit located near the rotary scanning acoustic system;

[0071] Step two: the excitation and collection circuit generates command decoding after receiving the working time sequence instructions, sets excitation parameters, program-controlled gain and collection parameters, and starts excitation work instructions and collection work instructions;

[0072] Step three: under the drive of the excitation work instructions, the excitation circuit synchronously excites the oblique incidence transmitter to generate A0 mode wave signals in the casing and the vertical incidence transmitter to generate S1 mode wave signals in the casing;

[0073] Step four: after a preset delay, the collection circuit synchronously starts multiple channel analog-to-digital converters in a broadcast form to digitize and collect the multiple ultrasonic guided wave signals received by the receiver array;

[0074] Step five: the data buffer circuit temporarily stores the collected multiple ultrasonic guided wave signals, the excitation and collection control circuit reads the data temporarily stored in the data buffer circuit in sequence, and sends the data to the main control electronic bin through the high-speed serial data bus to be processed and stored;

[0075] Step six: steps two to five are repeated at a preset time interval, so that ultrasonic guided wave imaging logging in the casing well can be realized.

[0076] The circuit and control method for downhole multi-mode ultrasonic guided wave signal excitation and collection provided by the application realize synchronous excitation of multiple transmitters and parallel collection of the receiver array in a narrow space under high temperature and high pressure conditions by means of good conductivity, sealing and insulation of the pressure-sealed electronic assembly.

[0077] The application provides a circuit and control method for downhole multi-mode ultrasonic guided wave signal excitation and collection, which is applied to the development of a multi-mode ultrasonic guided wave imaging logging instrument and has significant advantages in close electrical connection between the acoustic transducer and the electronic circuit, synchronous excitation and parallel collection of multiple ultrasonic guided wave signals, and interference noise reduction, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio of downhole multi-mode ultrasonic guided wave signal data collection.

[0078] The application will be further described below in connection with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the application.

[0079] In order to overcome the lack of the prior art for the multi-mode ultrasonic guided wave signal excitation and collection in the short distance in the cased well, the application provides a circuit and a control method for the downhole multi-mode ultrasonic guided wave signal excitation and collection. The circuit for the downhole multi-mode ultrasonic guided wave signal excitation and collection in the application can be combined with the main control system and the directional measurement circuit to perform the multi-mode ultrasonic guided wave imaging logging in the cased well, and realize the detection and evaluation of the cement bonding quality and the casing damage. The circuit for the downhole multi-mode ultrasonic guided wave signal excitation and collection in the application is an improvement and innovation of the existing ultrasonic guided wave imaging logging technology. On the one hand, the excitation and collection circuit is installed on the bearing frame of the rotary scanning acoustic system to form an independent pressure-sealed electronic assembly, and forms a short-distance less-lead electrical connection with at least two transmitters and receiver arrays (at least three receivers) in the acoustic system, thereby solving the problem of large noise interference in the long-distance analog signal transmission. On the other hand, the pressure-sealed electronic assembly on the bearing frame of the acoustic system and the main control system of the main control electronic bin are interconnected and communicated through a high-speed serial data transmission bus, thereby realizing the long-distance high signal-to-noise ratio and high-reliability data transmission.

[0080] Figure 1 is the principle diagram of the circuit for the downhole multi-mode ultrasonic guided wave signal excitation and collection in the application. As shown in the figure, Figure 1As shown, the downhole multimode ultrasonic guided wave signal excitation and collection circuit of the application is packaged in the pressure-sealed electronic assembly 1, including: excitation and collection control circuit 11, excitation circuit 12, collection circuit 13, data buffer circuit 14, power conversion circuit 15 and pressure-sealed electrical interface 16. The excitation and collection control circuit 11 takes the field-programmable gate array (FPGA) device as the control core, is used for receiving the working instruction, decoding to generate the working time sequence, setting the excitation parameters, the programmed gain and the collection parameters and the like, and controlling the storage and sending of the ultrasonic guided wave signal data, and communicates with the main control electronic bin 2 through the high-speed serial data transmission bus. The excitation circuit 12 is used for generating a high-voltage pulse synchronous excitation to at least 2 transmitters to radiate ultrasonic signals in opposite directions on both sides. The collection circuit 13 is used for amplifying, filtering and digitizing the ultrasonic guided wave signals received by at least 3 receivers of the receiver array and collecting in parallel. The data buffer circuit 14 is used for storing the ultrasonic guided wave signals collected in at least 3 channels, and the storage capacity is, for example, 256 MB. The power conversion circuit 15 is used for outputting various power supply voltages such as high voltage (for example, 400 V), low voltage (for example, 3.3 V, 1.2 V, 1.8 V, ±5 V) and the like to power the devices of the excitation and collection circuit. The pressure-sealed electrical interface 16 is used for connecting the pressure-sealed electronic assembly with the rotary scanning acoustic system 3 and the main control electronic bin 2, realizing the synchronous excitation and parallel collection of the ultrasonic guided wave signals, the serial data transmission bus communication and the direct current voltage power supply.

[0081] In combination Figure 1 As shown, the pressure-sealed electronic assembly 1 integrated with the downhole multimode ultrasonic guided wave signal excitation and collection circuit of the application is installed and fixed on the bearing frame of the rotary scanning acoustic system 3, is connected with at least 2 transmitters and at least 3 receivers of the receiver array in close proximity (the wire length is less than 20 cm), and interconnects and communicates with the main control system of the main control electronic bin 2 through the high-speed serial data transmission bus.

[0082] The downhole multimode ultrasonic guided wave signal excitation and collection circuit of the application is used for the connection of the rotary scanning acoustic system 3 and the main control electronic bin 2 of the ultrasonic guided wave imaging logging in the cased well, realizes the synchronous excitation and parallel collection of the multi-channel ultrasonic guided wave signals, data storage and high-speed transmission, the circuit is packaged in the pressure-sealed electronic assembly 1, and is installed on the bearing frame of the rotary scanning acoustic system 3 and directly exposed to the downhole drilling fluid medium, and can work stably and reliably under the conditions of high temperature (for example, 175℃), high pressure (for example, 140 MPa), narrow space (for example, casing size 5.0-8.5in).

[0083] Figure 5 It is the structural schematic diagram of the pressure-sealed electronic assembly integrated with the downhole multimode ultrasonic guided wave signal excitation and collection circuit of the application. As shown in the figure, Figure 5As shown, the pressure-sealed electronic assembly 1 is in the shape of a cuboid, with dimensions of 40mm x 180mm x 15mm, completely wrapped and sealed by a metal shell 17 to achieve pressure-sealing performance, while the internal excitation and collection circuit is filled with potting glue 18 to enhance the anti-vibration performance, and at least 7 high-voltage sealed pins 161 are provided at both ends to form a pressure-sealed electrical interface 16. The pressure-sealed electrical interface 16 is fixed and sealed at both ends of the metal shell 17 by positioning pins 162 and sealing rubber rings 163, and is used for serial data transmission bus interface, power supply voltage transmission and acoustic transducer lead connection, one side being connected to the excitation and collection circuit, and the other side being connected to the external rotating scanning acoustic system 3 and the main control electronic bin 2.

[0084] Under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure in a narrow space downhole, the pressure-sealed electronic assembly 1 installed on the bearing frame of the rotating scanning acoustic system can lead out a relatively short high-temperature lead wire (with a length of less than 20cm) in the acoustic system to realize close electrical connection between at least two transmitters and receiver arrays (at least three receivers) and the excitation and collection circuit, thereby reducing multiple multi-core connectors that are difficult to shield, and being conducive to improving the signal-to-noise ratio of ultrasonic guided wave signal data collection and the quality of imaging processing. The pressure-sealed electronic assembly 1 on the bearing frame of the rotating scanning acoustic system and the main control system in the main control electronic bin are interconnected and communicated through a serial data transmission bus, and the long-distance digital signal transmission enables the signal-to-noise ratio of the measurement data to also be optimal.

[0085] Figure 2 is the principle diagram of the downhole multi-mode ultrasonic guided wave signal excitation circuit of the present application. As shown, Figure 2 The pressure-sealed electronic assembly 1 comprises at least two excitation circuits 12, each of which is composed of a high-voltage energy storage circuit 121, a low-voltage drive circuit 122 and a high-power switching circuit 123. The high-voltage energy storage circuit 121 is used to charge a large-capacity capacitor (with a capacity of at least 0.22μF / 630V) and store DC high-voltage (400V) energy in the large-capacity capacitor; the low-voltage drive circuit 122 is used to output a CMOS logic level (12V) and amplify the drive current to provide a large-current drive signal to control the conduction and cutoff of the switching circuit; and the high-power switching circuit 123 is used to control the energy release in the high-voltage energy storage circuit to generate a high-voltage pulse synchronous excitation to at least two transmitters to radiate ultrasonic signals to both sides in opposite directions. The excitation circuit works under the excitation control signal generated by the excitation and collection control circuit, and the technical index of the excitation circuit is: high-voltage pulse amplitude 400V, pulse width 1-4μs adjustable, and transmission working period 5ms.

[0086] Figure 3 is the principle diagram of the downhole multi-mode ultrasonic guided wave signal collection circuit of the present application. As shown, Figure 3As shown, the pressure sealed electronic component 1 contains at least 3 independent acquisition channels in parallel, and at least 3 acquisition channels are started synchronously in the form of broadcast. The acquisition circuit 13 of each channel is composed of a multi-channel selection circuit 131, a preamplifier circuit 132, an active band-pass filter 133, an automatic gain control circuit 134, an analog-to-digital conversion circuit 135, etc. The multi-channel selection circuit is used to select the acquisition channel to receive and process the ultrasonic guided wave signals received by at least 3 receivers in the receiver array. The preamplifier circuit is used to amplify the ultrasonic guided wave signals with a fixed gain (6dB) and provide a clamping diode input protection. The active band-pass filter is used to filter the ultrasonic guided wave signals in the frequency range of 100-450 kHz to eliminate unwanted signals; the automatic gain control circuit is used to control the amplification and attenuation of the ultrasonic guided wave signals, the programmed gain range is -20-60dB with a step of 3dB; the analog-to-digital conversion circuit is used to digitize and acquire the ultrasonic guided wave signals received by at least 3 receivers in the receiver array in parallel. The acquisition circuit works under the acquisition control signal generated by the excitation acquisition control circuit, and the technical index of the acquisition circuit is: the number of channels is at least 3, the sampling precision is 16 bits, the sampling frequency is 5MHz, and the circuit gain range is -14-66dB.

[0087] Based on the circuit for downhole multi-mode ultrasonic guided wave signal excitation and acquisition of the present application, the present application provides a control method for downhole multi-mode ultrasonic guided wave signal excitation and acquisition, which realizes the generation of A0 mode wave signals by oblique incidence and the generation of S1 mode wave signals by vertical incidence, and includes:

[0088] Step 21: The instrument main control electronic bin sends the working time sequence instruction to the excitation acquisition circuit located near the rotating scanning acoustic system under the overall control of the ground system;

[0089] Step 22: After receiving the working time sequence instruction, the excitation acquisition circuit generates command decoding, sets the excitation parameters, programmed gain and acquisition parameters, etc., and starts the excitation working instruction and the acquisition working instruction;

[0090] Step 23: Under the driving of the excitation working instruction, the excitation circuit synchronously excites the oblique incidence transmitter to generate A0 mode wave signals in the casing and the vertical incidence transmitter to generate S1 mode wave signals in the casing;

[0091] Step 24: After a certain delay, the acquisition circuit synchronously starts the multi-channel analog-to-digital converter in the form of broadcast to digitize and acquire the multi-channel ultrasonic guided wave signals received by the receiver array;

[0092] Step 25: The data buffer circuit temporarily stores the acquired multi-channel ultrasonic guided wave signals, the excitation acquisition control circuit reads the data temporarily stored in the data buffer circuit in sequence, and sends the data to the main control electronic bin through the high-speed serial data bus for processing and storage.

[0093] Step 26: repeating steps 21 to 25 at a time interval of, for example, 5 ms, so as to realize ultrasonic guided wave imaging logging in a cased well.

[0094] Therefore, the circuit and control method for downhole multi-mode ultrasonic guided wave signal excitation and acquisition of the present application realize near-distance synchronous excitation and parallel acquisition, long-distance serial data transmission, overcome the defects of long-distance analog signal transmission through a large number of penetrating conductors, and improve the signal-to-noise ratio of logging data acquisition and the quality of imaging processing.

[0095] The present application provides a circuit and control method for downhole multi-mode ultrasonic guided wave signal excitation and acquisition, the excitation and acquisition circuit is packaged in a pressure-sealed electronic assembly and installed on a bearing frame of a rotating scanning acoustic system, and the excitation and acquisition circuit comprises an excitation and acquisition control circuit, an excitation circuit, an acquisition circuit, a data buffer circuit, a power conversion circuit and a pressure-sealed electrical interface. The present application realizes near-distance synchronous excitation and parallel acquisition and long-distance serial data transmission by means of good conductivity, sealing and insulation of the pressure-sealed electronic assembly. The present application is applied to the development of a multi-mode ultrasonic guided wave imaging logging instrument, has remarkable advantages in aspects such as near-distance electrical connection of an acoustic system transducer and an electronic circuit, synchronous excitation and parallel acquisition of multi-path ultrasonic guided wave signals and interference noise reduction, overcomes the defects of long-distance analog signal transmission through a large number of penetrating conductors, and improves the signal-to-noise ratio of logging data acquisition and the quality of imaging processing.

[0096] In the embodiments of the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method can also be implemented in other manners. The above-described apparatus embodiments are only illustrative. For example, the flowchart and block diagram in the accompanying drawings show the possible implementation architectures, functions and operation of the apparatus, method and computer program product according to the embodiments of the present application. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagram can represent a module, a segment or a portion of code which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logic function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the blocks can occur in a different order than that shown in the accompanying drawings. For example, two blocks shown in succession can in fact be executed substantially concurrently or in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in the block diagram and / or flowchart and combinations thereof can be implemented by a dedicated hardware-based system which performs specified functions or actions, or can be implemented by a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0097] It should be noted that, in the present application, the terms "comprising", "containing" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without more limitations, the element limited by the statement "comprising a" does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus comprising the element.

[0098] Although the embodiments of the present application are disclosed as above, the above content is only for the purpose of facilitating the understanding of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application. Any person skilled in the art of the present application can make any modification and change in the form and details without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, but the patent protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An excitation acquisition circuit, electrically connected to the acoustic system and the main control electronic compartment, for excitation acquisition of downhole multimode ultrasonic guided wave signals, characterized in that, The excitation acquisition circuit includes: The excitation acquisition and control circuit module sends excitation and acquisition commands based on the received working timing instructions. The excitation circuit module is electrically connected to the excitation acquisition and control circuit module. It is used to synchronously excite multiple transmitters in the acoustic system to radiate different mode wave signals in different directions according to the excitation operation command sent by the excitation acquisition and control circuit module, so as to generate ultrasonic guided wave signals downhole. The acquisition circuit module is electrically connected to the excitation acquisition control circuit module and is used to perform parallel acquisition of multiple ultrasonic guided wave signals received by the receiver array in the acoustic system according to the acquisition operation command sent by the excitation acquisition control circuit module.

2. The excitation acquisition circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The excitation acquisition circuit also includes: The data buffer circuit module is electrically connected to the excitation acquisition control circuit module and the acquisition circuit module, and is used to buffer the multiple ultrasonic guided wave signals acquired by the acquisition circuit module according to the buffer control command sent by the excitation acquisition control circuit module.

3. The excitation acquisition circuit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The excitation acquisition circuit also includes: The acoustic system-side electrical interface is provided, wherein the excitation acquisition circuit is electrically connected to the corresponding electrical interface in the acoustic system through the acoustic system-side electrical interface, and the acoustic system-side electrical interface can be plugged into the corresponding electrical interface in the acoustic system in a plug-and-play manner.

4. The excitation acquisition circuit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The excitation acquisition circuit also includes: The main control electronic compartment side electrical interface, wherein the excitation acquisition circuit is electrically connected to the corresponding electrical interface in the main control electronic compartment through the main control electronic compartment side electrical interface, and the main control electronic compartment side electrical interface can establish an electrical connection with the corresponding electrical interface in the main control electronic compartment through a data bus.

5. The excitation acquisition circuit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, There are multiple excitation circuit modules, and each excitation circuit module includes: The low-voltage drive circuit unit is electrically connected to the excitation acquisition and control circuit module, and is used to receive the excitation operation command sent by the excitation acquisition and control circuit module, and output a switch control signal in response to the excitation operation command; The high-voltage energy storage circuit unit is electrically connected to the high-voltage power supply and is used to store and output DC high-voltage electricity. The high-power switching circuit unit is electrically connected to the low-voltage drive circuit and the high-voltage energy storage circuit. It is used to convert the DC high-voltage electricity output by the high-voltage energy storage circuit into a high-voltage pulse signal according to the switching control signal output by the low-voltage drive circuit, so as to excite the corresponding transmitter in the acoustic system to work.

6. The excitation acquisition circuit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The acquisition circuit module includes a multi-channel selection circuit unit and multiple acquisition channel units: The multi-channel selection circuit unit is electrically connected to the excitation acquisition control circuit module and is used to select the corresponding acquisition channel unit to acquire and condition the ultrasonic guided wave signal received by the corresponding receiver in the acoustic system according to the acquisition operation command sent by the excitation acquisition control circuit module.

7. The excitation acquisition circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that, Each of the aforementioned acquisition channel units includes: The preamplifier circuit subunit is electrically connected to the acoustic system and is used to receive the ultrasonic guided wave signal, amplify the ultrasonic guided wave signal with a preset gain, and output the amplified ultrasonic guided wave signal. An active bandpass filter subunit is electrically connected to the preamplifier circuit subunit. It is used to receive the amplified ultrasonic guided wave signal, filter the amplified ultrasonic guided wave signal within a preset frequency range, and output the filtered ultrasonic guided wave signal. An automatic gain control circuit subunit is electrically connected to the active bandpass filter subunit, and is used to receive the filtered ultrasonic guided wave signal, perform gain control on the filtered ultrasonic guided wave signal, and output the gain-controlled ultrasonic guided wave signal. The analog-to-digital conversion circuit subunit is electrically connected to the automatic gain control circuit subunit and is used to receive the ultrasonic guided wave signal after gain control and to digitally acquire the ultrasonic guided wave signal after gain control.

8. A control method for the excitation acquisition circuit according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, include: Output a high-voltage pulse signal to synchronously excite the oblique incident transmitter in the acoustic system to generate the A0 mode wave signal and the vertical incident transmitter to generate the S1 mode wave signal. After a preset delay, a preset number of acquisition channels are simultaneously activated via broadcast to acquire ultrasonic guided wave signals in parallel.

9. An electronic component, characterized in that, include: The housing and the excitation acquisition circuit as described in any one of claims 1-7 are mounted on the board, wherein the board is sealed within the housing.

10. A logging instrument, characterized in that, include: Acoustic system, main control electronic compartment, and electronic components as described in claim 9; The acoustic system's support frame is equipped with an electrical interface for establishing an electrical connection with the electronic components by inserting the electronic components. The electronic components are electrically connected to the main control electronic compartment via a data bus.

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