Water sampler

Abstract

The invention discloses a water sampler, and aims to provide a water sampler which can effectively solve the problem that the actual water layer depth of a water sample collected by the water sampler is greatly different from the set water layer depth due to inclination of a pulling rope of the water sampler due to the influence of ocean current. The consistency of the actual water layer depth and the set water layer depth of the collected water sample is effectively improved. The device comprises a floating frame; the lower barrel and the upper barrel are communicated with each other, the inner diameter of the lower barrel is larger than that of the upper barrel, the upper barrel is fixedly connected to the floating frame, and a vertical flow guide groove is formed in the upper portion of the inner wall of the upper barrel; the upper piston is arranged in the upper cylinder body in a sliding manner; the lower piston is slidably arranged in the lower cylinder, and a matching column is arranged at the lower end of the lower piston; the loading cylinder is connected to the lower end of the lower cylinder body, and a separable bottom cover is arranged at the lower end; the counterweight is supported on the bottom cover; when the lower piston moves upwards by a set distance, the bottom cover moves downwards to be opened, and the balance weight is released.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of water sampling, in particular to a water sampler. BACKGROUND

[0002] Water body is affected by factors such as substances, water flow, temperature, etc. and can produce stratification effect. The hydrology, physics, chemistry, biology, etc. of different water layers are different. Collecting and analyzing the differences of water bodies at different layers are indispensable for environmental science, ocean science, etc. and are widely used in practical fields such as water ecological environment evaluation and pollution accident investigation. Water sampling work is an important part of water environment scientific research and water environment protection and management work. The collection of water samples at different depths is the premise and foundation for smoothly carrying out various research work.

[0003] The current water sampler is mostly a fixed-depth water sampler, that is, the water sampler is lowered to a specific depth of water layer through a rope with a set length, and then the water sampler collects water samples of the water layer at the specific depth. However, when collecting water samples at the bottom of the sea, the water sampler can be carried far away due to the influence of the sea current, the traction rope is inclined, and the actual water layer depth of the water sample collected by the water sampler is greatly different from the set water layer depth (the water layer depth difference can even reach dozens of meters), which cannot achieve accurate collection of water samples at the set depth.

[0004] For example, Chinese Patent No. 2014201679405, the name of the invention is a suspended weight stratified water sampler, which includes a support frame, a traction rope and a sampling cylinder with open upper and lower ends. The entire suspended weight stratified water sampler is lifted and lowered to a set depth of water layer by the traction rope for sampling. However, it also has the above-mentioned shortcomings. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a water sampler that can effectively solve the problem of the actual water layer depth of the water sample collected by the water sampler being greatly different from the set water layer depth due to the inclination of the traction rope caused by the influence of the sea current, and effectively improve the consistency of the actual water layer depth of the collected water sample and the set water layer depth.

[0006] The technical solution of the present application is: A water sampler, comprising: a floating frame; a lower cylinder and an upper cylinder in communication with each other, the inner diameter of the lower cylinder being greater than the inner diameter of the upper cylinder, the upper cylinder being fixedly connected to the floating frame, a vertical flow guide groove being provided on the upper inner wall of the upper cylinder, an upper limiting block being provided on the bottom of the upper inner wall of the upper cylinder, and a lower limiting block being provided on the bottom of the lower inner wall of the lower cylinder; an upper piston, the upper piston being slidingly arranged in the upper cylinder and abutting against the upper limiting block; Lower piston, the lower piston is slidably arranged in the lower cylinder and abuts against the lower limit block, and the lower end of the lower piston is provided with a matching column; Load cylinder, the upper end of which is connected to the lower end of the lower cylinder, and the lower end of which is provided with a detachable bottom cover; Counterweight, located in the load cylinder and supported on the bottom cover; When the lower piston moves up by a set distance, the bottom cover moves down to be opened, and the counterweight is released; After the counterweight is released, the buoyancy of the floating frame is greater than the gravity of the water sampler. The water sampler of the present scheme can effectively solve the problem that the actual water layer depth of the water sample collected by the water sampler is greatly different from the set water layer depth due to the influence of the sea current and the inclination of the water sampler traction rope, thereby effectively improving the consistency of the actual water layer depth of the collected water sample and the set water layer depth.

[0007] As preferred, the linkage mechanism further includes a connecting sleeve located in the load cylinder, and an annular clamping groove is arranged on the outer wall of the connecting sleeve; The linkage mechanism includes a vertically extending linkage rod rotatably arranged on the load cylinder, the rotation axis of the linkage rod is located between the two ends of the linkage rod, the lower end of the linkage rod is provided with a clamping block, the clamping block is clamped into the annular clamping groove, and the upper end of the linkage rod is provided with an abutting block which abuts against the outer wall of the matching column; When the lower piston moves up by a set distance, the abutting block is separated from the matching column, at this time, the linkage rod rotates around the rotation axis to make the clamping block out of the annular clamping groove, so that the bottom cover moves down to be opened and the counterweight is released. The water sampler of the present scheme is used as follows: the water sampler is thrown into the water, and the water sampler sinks under the action of gravity. Since the inner diameter of the lower cylinder is greater than the inner diameter of the upper cylinder, and the diameter of the lower piston is also greater than the diameter of the upper piston, the upward water pressure acting on the lower piston is greater than the downward water pressure acting on the upper piston; when the water sampler sinks to the water layer of the set depth, the difference between the water pressure acting on the lower piston and the upper piston can just overcome the gravity of the upper piston, the lower piston and the matching column, and the friction between the upper piston and the lower piston, at this time, under the action of external water pressure, the lower piston moves upward. In the process of upward movement of the lower piston, the upper piston also moves upward, and the abutting block is separated from the matching column first, and then the upper piston moves up to above the lower end of the vertical flow guide groove; specifically, in the process of upward movement of the lower piston, when the lower piston moves up by a set distance, the abutting block is separated from the matching column, at this time, the linkage rod rotates around the rotation axis to make the clamping block out of the annular clamping groove, so that the bottom cover moves down to be opened and the counterweight is released. After the counterweight is released, the buoyancy of the floating frame is greater than the gravity of the water sampler, at this time, the water sampler will stop sinking in a short distance, and then start to float up after stopping sinking.

[0008] After the lower piston moves up by the set distance, the lower piston continues to move up, and the upper piston also continues to move up. When the upper piston moves above the lower end of the vertical guide groove, the external water pressure enters the cavity between the upper piston and the lower piston through the vertical guide groove, and at the same time, the water of the external water layer of the set depth enters the cavity between the upper piston and the lower piston through the vertical guide groove. When the external water pressure enters the cavity between the upper piston and the lower piston through the vertical guide groove, the upper piston and the lower piston stop moving up in a short time, and in this process, the water of the external water layer of the set depth enters the cavity between the upper piston and the lower piston through the vertical guide groove. Then, the upper piston and the lower piston will start to move down under the action of gravity, and in this process, the external water will enter the cavity between the upper piston and the lower piston through the vertical guide groove due to the downward movement of the lower piston. Then, when the upper piston moves down and forms an annular sealing structure with the inner wall of the upper cylinder again, the external water stops entering. After that, when the water sampler floats above the water layer of the set depth, the upper piston and the lower piston will move down under the action of gravity until the lower piston abuts against the lower limit block, so as to seal the collected water sample between the upper piston and the lower piston, and complete the water sample collection. Then, the water sampler automatically floats to the water surface under the action of the floating frame, and after that, the water sampler can be conveniently recovered. In this way, the problem that the actual water layer depth of the water sample collected by the water sampler is greatly different from the set water layer depth due to the inclination of the towing rope of the water sampler caused by the sea current can be effectively solved, and the consistency of the actual water layer depth of the collected water sample and the set water layer depth can be effectively improved. For example, the water sample in the water layer of the set depth of 20-22 meters is collected.

[0009] Preferably, the upper surface of the clamping block is a supporting slope, the supporting slope is inclined downward near one side of the connecting sleeve, and the inner top surface of the annular clamping groove is supported on the supporting slope. In this way, after the lower piston moves up by the set distance and the abutting block is separated from the cooperating column, the weight is released under the action of the weight of the counterweight, the linkage rod is rotated around the rotating shaft to make the clamping block out of the annular clamping groove, the bottom cover is moved downward to be opened, and the weight is released.

[0010] Preferably, a vertically extending strip-shaped opening is arranged on the side wall of the weight-bearing cylinder, the strip-shaped opening communicates the inner and outer sides of the weight-bearing cylinder, and the linkage rod is located in the strip-shaped opening.

[0011] Preferably, the linkage rod is a plurality of linkage rods, and each linkage rod is uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the weight-bearing cylinder. In this way, the clamping block of each linkage rod can be clamped into the annular clamping groove to limit the position of the bottom cover.

[0012] Preferably, a ball is arranged on the abutting block, and the abutting block abuts against the outer wall of the cooperating column through the ball. In this way, the friction between the abutting block and the cooperating column can be effectively reduced during the upward movement of the lower piston.

[0013] As preferred, the upper end face of the lower piston is provided with a detachable load adjusting block. In this way, the gravity required to be overcome by the external water pressure can be adjusted according to the water sample collection needs of different depth water layers by installing load adjusting blocks with different weights on the upper end face of the lower piston; the deeper the water layer to be collected, the greater the weight of the load adjusting block.

[0014] As preferred, the upper end of the lower cylinder is integrated with the lower end of the upper cylinder, the lower cylinder and the upper cylinder extend vertically, the outer side face of the lower cylinder is provided with a drainage connector, and the drainage connector is provided with a sealing cover. In this way, before collection, the sealing cover can be opened to ensure that the upper piston is against the upper limiting block and the lower piston is against the lower limiting block. After the water sample collection is completed, the water sample can be poured out through the drainage connector.

[0015] As preferred, the traction rope is connected to the top of the upper cylinder at one end. During actual water collection, the water sampler can be slowly released through the traction rope to slowly lower the water sampler into the water layer. In this way, on the one hand, it is convenient for actual operation, and on the other hand, the slow lowering of the water sampler into the water layer is also conducive to accurately collecting the water sample of the water layer at the set depth.

[0016] As preferred, the load cylinder is provided with a communication port communicating the inner and outer side faces of the load cylinder, and the upper end of the load cylinder is threadedly connected to the lower end of the lower cylinder. In this way, the load cylinder is convenient to install and disassemble.

[0017] As preferred, the bottom cover is connected to the load cylinder through a connecting rope. In this way, after the bottom cover is opened by moving downward, the bottom cover is hung on the load cylinder through the connecting rope to avoid the loss of the bottom cover.

[0018] The present application has the advantages that: it can effectively solve the problem that the actual water layer depth of the water sample collected by the water sampler is greatly different from the set water layer depth due to the inclination of the traction rope of the water sampler caused by the sea current; thereby effectively improving the consistency of the actual water layer depth of the water sample collected and the set water layer depth. On the other hand, after the water sampler completes the water sample collection, the water sampler is automatically floated to the water surface under the action of the floating frame to facilitate the recovery of the water sampler. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of a water sampler of the present application.

[0020] Figure 2 is Figure 1 is a partial enlarged view of A in

[0021] in the figure: floating frame 1; upper cylinder 2, upper limiting block 2.1, vertical flow guide groove 2.2; lower cylinder 3, lower limiting block 3.1; upper piston 4; Lower piston 5; Matching column 6; Load-bearing cylinder 7, strip-shaped opening 7.1; Counterweight 8; Bottom cover 9, connecting sleeve 9.1, annular groove 9.2; Load adjustment block 10; Linkage rod 11; Block 12; Block 13; Connecting bolt 14; Drain connector 15; Sealing cap 16. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments: Specific Implementation Example 1, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a water sampler includes a float 1, a lower cylinder 3 and an upper cylinder 2 that are interconnected, an upper piston 4, a lower piston 5, a load-bearing cylinder 7, a counterweight 8, and a linkage mechanism.

[0023] The upper end of the lower cylinder 3 is sealed and connected to the lower end of the upper cylinder 2. The lower cylinder 3 and the upper cylinder 2 extend vertically. The upper end of the lower cylinder 3 is connected to the lower end of the upper cylinder 2. The inner diameter of the lower cylinder 3 is larger than the inner diameter of the upper cylinder 2. For example, the inner diameter of the lower cylinder 3 is 1.5-3 times the inner diameter of the upper cylinder 2. Correspondingly, the outer diameter of the lower piston 5 is 1.5-3 times the outer diameter of the upper piston 4.

[0024] The upper cylinder 2 is fixedly connected to the float 1. In this embodiment, the middle part of the upper cylinder 2 is fixed to the middle part of the float 1. A vertical flow guide groove 2.2 is provided on the upper part of the inner wall of the upper cylinder 2. The vertical flow guide groove 2.2 extends along the axial direction of the upper cylinder 2. The length of the vertical flow guide groove 2.2 is greater than the axial thickness of the upper piston 4. An upper limit block 2.1 is provided at the bottom of the inner wall of the upper cylinder 2. A lower limit block 3.1 is provided at the bottom of the inner wall of the lower cylinder 3.

[0025] The upper piston 4 is slidably disposed inside the upper cylinder 2. The upper piston 4 abuts against the upper limit block 2.1. Specifically, the upper piston 4 abuts against the upper limit block 2.1 under its own weight.

[0026] The lower piston 5 is slidably disposed within the lower cylinder 3. The lower piston 5 abuts against the lower limit block 3.1; specifically, the lower piston 5 abuts against the lower limit block 3.1 under its own weight. A mating post 6 is provided at the lower end of the lower piston 5. The mating post 6 is coaxially distributed with the lower piston 5.

[0027] The load cylinder 7 is connected to the lower end of the lower cylinder body 3. The lower end of the load cylinder 7 is provided with a detachable bottom cover 9. The bottom cover 9 comprises a connecting sleeve 9.1 located in the load cylinder 7. The outer wall of the connecting sleeve 9.1 is provided with an annular clamping groove 9.2.

[0028] The counterweight 8 is located in the load cylinder 7 and supported on the bottom cover 9.

[0029] The linkage mechanism comprises vertically extending linkage rods 11 rotatably arranged on the load cylinder 7. In this embodiment, the linkage rods 11 are multiple, for example, four linkage rods 112, and each linkage rod 11 is uniformly distributed circumferentially around the load cylinder 7. The rotation axis of the linkage rod 11 is located between the two ends of the linkage rod 11. The lower end of each linkage rod 11 is provided with a clamping block 12 clamped into the annular clamping groove 9.2. The upper end of each linkage rod 11 is provided with an abutting block 13 abutting against the outer wall of the cooperating column 6; and the spacing between the abutting block 13 and the lower end surface of the cooperating column 6 is 3-10 cm. At this time, the bottom cover 9 is supported on the clamping block 12 at the lower end of each linkage rod 11 through the annular clamping groove 9.2.

[0030] When the lower piston 5 moves upward by a certain distance, the bottom cover 9 moves downward to be opened, releasing the counterweight 8. Specifically, when the lower piston 5 moves upward by a certain distance (in this embodiment, the certain distance is 3-10 cm), the abutting block 13 is separated from the cooperating column 6, at this time, the linkage rod 11 will rotate around the rotation axis to make the clamping block 12 out of the annular clamping groove 9.2, so that the bottom cover 9 moves downward to be opened, releasing the counterweight 8.

[0031] After the counterweight 8 is released, the buoyancy of the float frame 1 is greater than the weight of the water sampler.

[0032] Before the counterweight 8 is released (i.e. when the counterweight 8 is located in the load cylinder 7 and supported on the bottom cover 9), the buoyancy of the float frame 1 is less than the weight of the water sampler.

[0033] The water sampler of the embodiment is used as follows: the water sampler is directly put into water (without a towing rope), and the water sampler sinks under the action of gravity. Since the inner diameter of the lower cylinder 3 is larger than the inner diameter of the upper cylinder 2, and the diameter of the lower piston 5 is also larger than the diameter of the upper piston 4, the upward water pressure acting on the lower piston 5 is greater than the downward water pressure acting on the upper piston 4. When the water sampler sinks to the water layer of the set depth, the difference between the water pressure acting on the lower piston 5 and the water pressure acting on the upper piston 4 can just overcome the gravity of the upper piston 4, the lower piston 5 and the cooperating column 6, and the friction between the upper piston 4 and the lower piston 5. At this time, under the action of external water pressure, the lower piston 5 moves upward. In the process of upward movement of the lower piston 5, the upper piston 4 also moves upward, and the abutting block 13 is separated from the cooperating column 6 first, and then the upper piston 4 moves to above the lower end of the vertical flow guide groove 2.2; specifically, in the process of upward movement of the lower piston 5, when the lower piston 5 moves upward by a set distance, the abutting block 13 is separated from the cooperating column 6, at this time, the linkage rod 11 rotates around the rotating shaft to make the clamping block 12 out of the annular clamping groove 9.2, so that the bottom cover 9 moves downward to open, and the counterweight 8 is released. After the counterweight 8 is released, the buoyancy of the floating frame 1 is greater than the weight of the water sampler, at this time the water sampler will stop sinking in a short distance (for example, the water sampler will stop sinking in a distance of 1-2 meters), and then start floating after stopping sinking.

[0034] After the lower piston 5 moves upward by a set distance, the lower piston 5 continues to move upward, and the upper piston 4 also continues to move upward. When the upper piston 4 moves to above the lower end of the vertical flow guide groove 2.2, the external water pressure enters the cavity between the upper piston 4 and the lower piston 5 through the vertical flow guide groove 2.2, and at the same time, the water of the external water layer of the set depth enters the cavity between the upper piston 4 and the lower piston 5 through the vertical flow guide groove 2.2; when the external water pressure enters the cavity between the upper piston 4 and the lower piston 5 through the vertical flow guide groove 2.2, the upper piston 4 and the lower piston 5 stop moving upward in a short time, and in this process, the water of the external water layer of the set depth enters the cavity between the upper piston 4 and the lower piston 5 through the vertical flow guide groove 2.2.

[0035] Then, the upper piston 4 and the lower piston 5 will start to move downward under the action of gravity, and in this process, the external water will enter the cavity between the upper piston 4 and the lower piston 5 through the vertical flow guide groove 2.2 due to the downward movement of the lower piston 5.

[0036] Next, when the upper piston 4 moves downward and re-forms an annular seal with the inner wall of the upper cylinder 2, external water stops entering. Afterward, when the water sampler rises above the set water depth, the upper piston 4 and lower piston 5 will move downward under their own weight until the lower piston 5 abuts against the lower limit block 3.1, thus sealing the collected water sample between the upper piston 4 and lower piston 5, completing the water sample collection. Then, under the action of the float 1, the water sampler automatically rises to the water surface; afterwards, the water sampler can be easily retrieved. This effectively solves the problem of a significant difference between the actual water depth and the set water depth caused by the tilting of the water sampler's traction rope due to ocean currents; thus effectively improving the consistency between the actual and set water depths of the collected water sample. For example, it can collect water samples from a water layer with a set depth of 20-22 meters.

[0037] In this embodiment, a limiting member is provided at the top of the upper cylinder 2, which can prevent the upper piston 4 from disengaging from the upper cylinder 2. Specifically, the top of the upper cylinder 2 is provided with a through hole, and a connecting bolt 14 is installed in the through hole. The upper cylinder 2 is located between the bolt head of the connecting bolt 14 and the locking nut. The connecting bolt 14 constitutes the limiting member.

[0038] Specific embodiment two, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a water sampler includes a float 1, a lower cylinder 3 and an upper cylinder 2 that are interconnected, an upper piston 4, a lower piston 5, a load cylinder 7, a counterweight 8, a traction rope, and a linkage mechanism.

[0039] The upper end of the lower cylinder 3 is sealed and connected to the lower end of the upper cylinder 2. The lower cylinder 3 and the upper cylinder 2 extend vertically. The upper end of the lower cylinder 3 is connected to the lower end of the upper cylinder 2. The inner diameter of the lower cylinder 3 is larger than the inner diameter of the upper cylinder 2. For example, the inner diameter of the lower cylinder 3 is 1.5-3 times the inner diameter of the upper cylinder 2. Correspondingly, the outer diameter of the lower piston 5 is 1.5-3 times the outer diameter of the upper piston 4.

[0040] The upper cylinder 2 is fixedly connected to the float 1. In this embodiment, the middle part of the upper cylinder 2 is fixed to the middle part of the float 1. A vertical flow guide groove 2.2 is provided on the upper part of the inner wall of the upper cylinder 2. The vertical flow guide groove 2.2 extends along the axial direction of the upper cylinder 2. The length of the vertical flow guide groove 2.2 is greater than the axial thickness of the upper piston 4. An upper limit block 2.1 is provided at the bottom of the inner wall of the upper cylinder 2. A lower limit block 3.1 is provided at the bottom of the inner wall of the lower cylinder 3.

[0041] One end of the traction rope is connected to the top of the upper cylinder 2 (the traction rope is not shown in the figure).

[0042] The upper piston 4 is slidably disposed inside the upper cylinder 2. The upper piston 4 abuts against the upper limit block 2.1. Specifically, the upper piston 4 abuts against the upper limit block 2.1 under its own weight.

[0043] The lower piston 5 is slidingly arranged in the lower cylinder 3. The lower piston 5 abuts against the lower limit block 3.1, specifically, the lower piston 5 abuts against the lower limit block 3.1 under the action of gravity. The lower end of the lower piston 5 is provided with a matching column 6. The matching column 6 is coaxially distributed with the lower piston 5.

[0044] The upper end of the load cylinder 7 is connected to the lower end of the lower cylinder 3. The lower end of the load cylinder 7 is provided with a detachable bottom cover 9. The bottom cover 9 includes a connecting sleeve 9.1 located in the load cylinder 7. An annular clamping groove 9.2 is arranged on the outer wall of the connecting sleeve 9.1.

[0045] The counterweight 8 is located in the load cylinder 7 and supported on the bottom cover 9.

[0046] The linkage mechanism includes vertically extending linkage rods 11 rotatably arranged on the load cylinder 7. The linkage rods 11 are one or more. In this embodiment, the linkage rods 11 are more than one, for example, the linkage rods 112-4. Each linkage rod 11 is uniformly distributed circumferentially around the load cylinder 7. The rotation axis of the linkage rod 11 is located between the two ends of the linkage rod 11. The lower end of each linkage rod 11 is provided with a clamping block 12 which is clamped into the annular clamping groove 9.2. The upper end of each linkage rod 11 is provided with an abutting block 13 which abuts against the outer wall of the matching column 6; and the distance between the abutting block 13 and the lower end surface of the matching column 6 is 3-10 cm. At this time, the bottom cover 9 is supported on the clamping blocks 12 at the lower ends of the linkage rods 11 through the annular clamping groove 9.2.

[0047] When the lower piston 5 moves up by a set distance, the bottom cover 9 moves down to open and release the counterweight 8; specifically, when the lower piston 5 moves up by a set distance (in this embodiment, the set distance is 3-10 cm), the abutting block 13 is separated from the matching column 6. At this time, the linkage rod 11 will rotate around the rotation axis to make the clamping block 12 come out of the annular clamping groove 9.2, so that the bottom cover 9 moves down to open and release the counterweight 8.

[0048] After the release of the counterweight 8, the buoyancy of the float 1 is greater than the gravity of the water sampler.

[0049] Before the release of the counterweight 8 (i.e. when the counterweight 8 is located in the load cylinder 7 and supported on the bottom cover 9), the buoyancy of the float 1 is less than the gravity of the water sampler.

[0050] The water sampler of this embodiment is specifically used as follows, The water sampler is slowly lowered to the water layer by releasing the traction rope, and the water sampler sinks under the action of gravity (the release length of the traction rope is 10-15 meters longer than the depth of the water layer at the set depth, and the sinking speed of the water sampler can be controlled by the traction rope). Since the inner diameter of the lower cylinder 3 is larger than the inner diameter of the upper cylinder 2, and the diameter of the lower piston 5 is also larger than the diameter of the upper piston 4, the upward water pressure acting on the lower piston 5 is greater than the downward water pressure acting on the upper piston 4. When the water sampler sinks to the water layer at the set depth, the difference between the water pressure acting on the lower piston 5 and the upper piston 4 is just enough to overcome the gravity of the upper piston 4, the lower piston 5 and the cooperating column 6, and the friction between the upper piston 4 and the lower piston 5. At this time, under the action of external water pressure, the lower piston 5 moves upward. In the process of upward movement of the lower piston 5, the upper piston 4 also moves upward, and the abutting block 13 is separated from the cooperating column 6 first, and then the upper piston 4 moves to the upper side of the lower end of the vertical flow guide groove 2.2; specifically, in the process of upward movement of the lower piston 5, when the lower piston 5 moves a set distance, the abutting block 13 is separated from the cooperating column 6, at this time, the linkage rod 11 rotates around the rotation shaft to make the clamping block 12 out of the annular clamping groove 9.2, so that the bottom cover 9 moves downward to open and release the counterweight 8. After the release of the counterweight 8, the buoyancy of the floating frame 1 is greater than the weight of the water sampler, at this time the water sampler will stop sinking in a short distance (for example, the water sampler will stop sinking in a distance of 1-2 meters), and then start floating after stopping sinking.

[0051] After the lower piston 5 moves a set distance, the lower piston 5 continues to move upward, and the upper piston 4 also continues to move upward. When the upper piston 4 moves to the upper side of the lower end of the vertical flow guide groove 2.2, the external water pressure enters the cavity between the upper piston 4 and the lower piston 5 through the vertical flow guide groove 2.2, and at the same time, the water of the external water layer at the set depth enters the cavity between the upper piston 4 and the lower piston 5 through the vertical flow guide groove 2.2; when the external water pressure enters the cavity between the upper piston 4 and the lower piston 5 through the vertical flow guide groove 2.2, the upper piston 4 and the lower piston 5 stop moving upward in a short time, and during this process, the water of the external water layer at the set depth enters the cavity between the upper piston 4 and the lower piston 5 through the vertical flow guide groove 2.2.

[0052] Then, the upper piston 4 and the lower piston 5 will start to move downward under the action of gravity, and during this process, the external water will enter the cavity between the upper piston 4 and the lower piston 5 through the vertical flow guide groove 2.2 due to the downward movement of the lower piston 5.

[0053] Then, when the upper piston 4 moves down and forms a ring-shaped sealing structure with the inner wall of the upper cylinder 2 again, the outside water stops entering; after that, when the water sampler floats to the water layer above the set depth, the upper piston 4 and the lower piston 5 will move down under the action of gravity until the lower piston 5 abuts against the lower limit block 3.1, so as to seal the collected water sample between the upper piston 4 and the lower piston 5, and complete the water sample collection. Then, the water sampler is automatically floated to the water surface under the action of the floating frame 1; after that, the water sampler can be conveniently recovered. In this way, the problem that the actual water layer depth of the water sample collected by the water sampler is greatly different from the set water layer depth due to the inclination of the towing rope of the water sampler caused by the sea current can be effectively solved, so as to effectively improve the consistency between the actual water layer depth of the collected water sample and the set water layer depth. For example, the water sample in the water layer with a set depth of 20-22 meters is collected.

[0054] Finally, the water sampler is lifted up through the towing rope.

[0055] In the embodiment, the upper cylinder 2 is provided with a limiting piece at the top, which can limit the upper piston 4 from separating from the upper cylinder 2. Specifically, the upper cylinder 2 is provided with a mounting through hole penetrating through the upper cylinder 2, a connecting bolt 14 is mounted in the mounting through hole, and the upper cylinder 2 is located between the bolt head of the connecting bolt 14 and a locking nut. The connecting bolt 14 constitutes the limiting piece.

[0056] In the embodiment, one end of the towing rope is connected with the connecting bolt 14 at the top of the upper cylinder 2.

[0057] In a third embodiment, the remaining structures of the embodiment are referred to the first embodiment or the second embodiment, and the difference is that, In the embodiment, the load cylinder 7 is provided with a communication port, which communicates the inner side and the outer side of the load cylinder 7.

[0058] As shown in Figure 1 the upper end of the vertical flow guide groove 2.2 is communicated with the upper end surface of the upper cylinder 2. Of course, the upper end of the vertical flow guide groove 2.2 can also not be communicated with the upper end surface of the upper cylinder 2.

[0059] As shown in Figure 1 the upper end of the load cylinder 7 is connected with the lower end of the lower cylinder 3 through threads. In this way, the load cylinder 7 is convenient to install and disassemble. Of course, it needs to be explained that the upper end of the load cylinder 7 is also connected with the lower end of the lower cylinder 3 through buckles or bolts or welding.

[0060] As shown in Figure 1 when the upper piston 4 abuts against the upper limit block 2.1, the spacing between the upper end surface of the upper piston 4 and the lower end of the vertical flow guide groove 2.2 is greater than 5 times the outer diameter of the upper piston 4.

[0061] As shown in Figure 1As shown, the bottom cover 9 further comprises a cover plate, the connecting sleeve 9.1 is fixed on the upper surface of the cover plate, the edge of the cover plate is located outside the connecting sleeve 9.1, the cover plate is located below the load cylinder 7, and the cover plate is close to or abuts against the lower end of the load cylinder 7.

[0062] The floating frame 1 comprises a plurality of buoyancy blocks, and each buoyancy block is uniformly distributed circumferentially around the upper cylinder body 2.

[0063] Further, as shown in the drawings, Figure 1 As shown, the side wall of the load cylinder 7 is provided with a vertically extending strip-shaped opening 7.1, the strip-shaped opening 7.1 communicates the inner and outer sides of the load cylinder 7. The linkage rod 11 is located in the strip-shaped opening 7.1. The load cylinder 7 is coaxially distributed with the lower cylinder body. In this embodiment, the strip-shaped opening 7.1 corresponds to the linkage rod 11 one by one, and the linkage rod 11 is located in the corresponding strip-shaped opening 7.1. In this embodiment, the strip-shaped opening 7.1 constitutes the communication port. Of course, it needs to be explained that the communication port can also be separately provided on the load cylinder 7.

[0064] Further, as shown in the drawings, Figure 2 As shown, the upper surface of the clamping block 12 is a supporting inclined surface, and the side close to the connecting sleeve 9.1 of the supporting inclined surface is inclined downward. The inner top surface of the annular clamping groove 9.2 is supported on the supporting inclined surface. In this way, after the abutting block 13 is separated from the matching column 6 after the lower piston 5 is moved upward by a certain distance, under the action of the weight of the counterweight 8, the linkage rod 11 is beneficial to rotating around the rotating shaft to make the clamping block 12 out of the annular clamping groove 9.2, so that the bottom cover 9 is moved downward to be opened, and the counterweight 8 is released.

[0065] Further, the abutting block 13 is provided with a ball, and the abutting block 13 abuts against the outer wall of the matching column 6 through the ball. In this way, during the upward movement of the lower piston 5, the friction between the abutting block 13 and the matching column 6 can be effectively reduced.

[0066] In this embodiment, the matching column 6 is a hollow structure, and the matching column 6 and the lower piston 5 are integrally connected through bolts or buckles or rivets or welding. The matching column 6 is coaxially distributed with the lower piston 5.

[0067] Further, as shown in the drawings, Figure 1 As shown, the upper end surface of the lower piston 5 is provided with a detachable load adjusting block 10. The load adjusting block 10 is detachably fixed on the upper end surface of the lower piston 5 through bolts or buckles or magnets. In this way, according to the water sample collection needs of different depth water layers, the gravity required to be overcome by the external water pressure can be adjusted by installing load adjusting blocks 10 of different weights on the upper end surface of the lower piston 5. The deeper the water layer depth to be collected, the greater the weight of the load adjusting block 10.

[0068] Further, as shown in the drawings, Figure 1As shown, the outer side of the lower cylinder 3 is provided with a drainage connector 15, and the drainage connector 15 is provided with a sealing cover 16. In this embodiment, the sealing cover 16 is threadedly connected with the drainage connector 15, and a sealing ring or a sealing gasket is arranged between the sealing cover 16 and the drainage connector 15. In this way, before the collection, the sealing cover 16 can be opened to ensure that the upper piston 4 is abutted against the upper limiting block 2.1 and the lower piston 5 is abutted against the lower limiting block 3.1. After the water sample collection is completed, the water sample can be poured out through the drainage connector 15.

[0069] Further, the bottom cover 9 is connected with the load cylinder 7 through a connecting rope. In this way, after the bottom cover 9 is opened and moved downward, the bottom cover 9 is hung on the load cylinder 7 through the connecting rope, so that the bottom cover 9 is prevented from being lost.

[0070] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the present application in any way. Any simple modification, change and equivalent transformation of the above embodiment according to the technical essence of the present application still belong to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present application.

Claims

1. A water sampler, characterized in that, include: Floating frame; The lower cylinder and the upper cylinder are interconnected. The inner diameter of the lower cylinder is larger than that of the upper cylinder. The upper cylinder is fixedly connected to the float. The upper part of the inner wall of the upper cylinder is provided with a vertical flow guide groove. The bottom of the inner wall of the upper cylinder is provided with an upper limit block. The bottom of the inner wall of the lower cylinder is provided with a lower limit block. The upper piston is slidably disposed inside the upper cylinder and abuts against the upper limit block; The lower piston is slidably disposed inside the lower cylinder and abuts against the lower limit block. The lower end of the lower piston is provided with a mating post. The upper end of the load-bearing cylinder is connected to the lower end of the lower cylinder, and the lower end is provided with a detachable bottom cover; The counterweight is located inside the load cell and supported on the bottom cover; When the piston moves upward a set distance, the bottom cover moves downward and opens, releasing the counterweight; After the counterweight is released, the buoyancy of the floating frame is greater than the weight of the water sampler.

2. A water sampler according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a linkage mechanism, and the bottom cover includes a connecting sleeve located inside the load-bearing cylinder, with an annular groove on the outer wall of the connecting sleeve. The linkage mechanism includes a vertically extending linkage rod that is rotatably mounted on the load cylinder. The rotation axis of the linkage rod is located between the two ends of the linkage rod. A locking block is provided at the lower end of the linkage rod, which is engaged in an annular locking groove. An abutting block is provided at the upper end of the linkage rod, which abuts against the outer wall of the mating column. When the piston moves up a set distance, the abutment block separates from the mating column. At this time, the linkage rod will rotate around the rotation axis to make the locking block disengage from the annular locking groove, so that the bottom cover moves down to open and release the counterweight.

3. A water sampler according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper surface of the card block is a supporting slope, which slopes downward on the side near the connecting sleeve, and the inner top surface of the annular card groove is supported on the supporting slope.

4. A water sampler according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The side wall of the load-bearing cylinder is provided with a vertically extending strip-shaped opening, which connects the inner and outer sides of the load-bearing cylinder, and the linkage rod is located inside the strip-shaped opening.

5. A water sampler according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The linkage rod consists of multiple rods, and each linkage rod is evenly distributed around the circumference of the load-bearing cylinder.

6. A water sampler according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The abutting block is equipped with ball bearings, which abut against the outer wall of the mating column.

7. A water sampler according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that, The upper end face of the lower piston is provided with a detachable load adjustment block.

8. A water sampler according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that, The upper end of the lower cylinder is sealed and connected to the lower end of the upper cylinder as one unit. The lower cylinder and the upper cylinder extend vertically. A drain connector is provided on the outer side of the lower cylinder, and a sealing cap is provided on the drain connector.

9. A water sampler according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that, It also includes a traction rope, one end of which is connected to the top of the upper cylinder.

10. A water sampler according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that, The load-bearing cylinder is provided with a connecting port that connects the inner and outer sides of the load-bearing cylinder. The upper end of the load-bearing cylinder is connected to the lower end of the lower cylinder by a thread. The bottom cover is connected to the load-bearing cylinder by a connecting rope.

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