In-situ rapid collection device and method for natural hydrogen and helium in surface soil

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of natural hydrogen, helium in-situ rapid collection device and method in surface soil, comprising: hand-held frame;Drilling mechanism, drilling mechanism includes drill rod I, drill rod II and connecting pipeline, the bottom of drill rod II is detachably connected with drill bit;Sealing mechanism, sealing mechanism coaxially slidingly arranged at the top of drill rod I;In-situ gas collection mechanism, in-situ gas collection mechanism includes vacuum gas collector, inflatable protective cover, drill rod I, drill rod II is respectively opened with through hole along the center position, the airflow pipeline of vacuum gas collector sequentially passes through through hole connecting pipeline and extends, pressure hole is opened on vacuum gas collector, control valve is arranged on pressure hole, hand-held frame is provided with sampling pump, sampling pump is connected with gas chromatograph, gas chromatograph is installed at the top of hand-held frame;Terminal system.The application can avoid air mixing, guarantee the accuracy of in-situ gas collection, and can be stored to the gas collected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soil gas research technology, and in particular to a device and method for the rapid collection and detection of natural hydrogen, helium and other gases in situ from surface soil. Background Technology

[0002] Geochemical exploration is a technical method based on geochemistry and mineral deposit geology. It involves measuring the geochemical characteristics of natural materials such as rocks, soils, and water bodies to systematically study the distribution patterns of elements or compounds, thereby enabling the discovery of mineral deposits and strategic resources. Oil and gas geochemical exploration, as an important branch of geochemical technology in the energy field, is supported by the theory of vertical micro-permeability of oil and gas. Based on the geochemical halo characteristics formed during the migration of underground hydrocarbons, it accurately analyzes the correlation between the abnormal distribution of trace hydrocarbons in near-surface soil and underground oil and gas reservoirs. This effectively narrows down the exploration target area and reduces exploration costs, making it a key technical means to improve the efficiency and success rate of oil and gas resource exploration.

[0003] In the field of exploration for strategic gas resources such as natural hydrogen and helium, which are currently receiving much attention, this type of geochemical exploration principle also has irreplaceable application value: On the one hand, underground natural hydrogen enrichment areas will form identifiable and traceable characteristic clues on the surface through vertical migration (such as "fairy rings" formed by abnormal surface vegetation). The gas enrichment intensity and component ratio in the surface soil can indirectly indicate the distribution range and enrichment degree of underground natural hydrogen, providing key guidance for the early exploration and target area delineation of natural hydrogen, a green energy resource. On the other hand, helium, as an indispensable key resource in fields such as chip manufacturing and defense, will also leave geochemical anomaly signals in the near-surface soil through vertical migration of its underground enrichment areas. The isotopic composition and content gradient of helium in the soil can directly reflect the burial depth and resource scale of underground helium reservoirs, which is the core technical basis for solving the current problems of low exploration efficiency and difficulty in target area location of helium resources.

[0004] However, current technologies for capturing gases from surface soil still have significant shortcomings, making it difficult to meet the needs of high-precision exploration for strategic gas resources such as oil and gas, natural hydrogen, and helium. Specific technical problems are as follows:

[0005] 1. Low sampling efficiency: Current soil gas sampling relies on the traditional method of manually hammering steel rods to drill holes, which is cumbersome, time-consuming and labor-intensive. Especially in moist and compact soil environments, the rate of gas escape from soil pores is slow, and there is no quantitative standard for waiting time for gas enrichment, resulting in large differences in the single sampling cycle and strong randomness, which seriously slows down the overall work efficiency of field exploration.

[0006] 2. Insufficient sample representativeness: The depth of drilling with steel rods is limited by the intensity of manual operation, usually only covering the shallow soil layer, making it difficult to obtain gas samples from deep target areas. At the same time, the drilling process can easily cause outside air to mix into the hole, interfering with the authenticity of the gas composition and failing to accurately reflect the natural escape characteristics of underground fluids. In addition, in areas with loose soil, the hole is easily filled by soil collapse after the steel rod is pulled out, resulting in inconsistent actual gas sampling depths at different sampling points, further reducing the comparability between samples and affecting the systematic analysis of exploration data.

[0007] 3. Poor in-situ fidelity: When the steel rod is pulled out of the soil, it will drastically disturb the original distribution of gas in the borehole, causing the collected gas sample to deviate from the in-situ characteristics of the underground. At the same time, during the process of transferring the sample from the borehole to the detection equipment, the composition may change due to insufficient sealing of the container, which weakens the ability of the gas sample to indicate the true distribution of underground resources and increases the risk of misjudgment of the exploration target area.

[0008] 4. Poor environmental adaptability: In humid environments such as near water or during rainy days, existing sampling techniques often use rubber tubes to directly extract gas, which can easily lead to liquid mixing into the gas sample. Furthermore, detection equipment such as gas chromatographs cannot process gas samples containing water, requiring additional dehydration treatment, which not only increases the number of steps but may also cause loss of gas components. This problem particularly restricts the exploration of natural hydrogen and helium in potentially enriched areas such as waterfronts and wetlands, resulting in the inability to carry out exploration in some key areas normally.

[0009] Based on the aforementioned technical problems, existing soil gas harvesting technologies have become a core bottleneck restricting the efficient exploration and development of strategic gas resources such as oil and gas, natural hydrogen, and helium. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a surface soil gas harvesting technology that can achieve in-situ, efficient, high-fidelity, and multi-scenario adaptability. This invention addresses this need for rapid in-situ harvesting of natural hydrogen and helium from surface soil. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device and method for the in-situ rapid collection of natural hydrogen and helium from surface soil, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a device for in-situ rapid collection of natural hydrogen and helium from surface soil, comprising:

[0012] Handheld stand;

[0013] A drilling mechanism, comprising a drill rod I, a drill rod II, and a connecting pipe, wherein the connecting pipe is fixed at the center of the bottom of the handheld frame, the drill rod I and the connecting pipe are coaxially connected by a limiting component, the drill rod II is coaxially fixed at the bottom of the drill rod I, and a drill bit is detachably connected to the bottom of the drill rod II;

[0014] A sealing mechanism is slidably disposed coaxially at the top end of the drill rod I, and the limiting component is in limiting cooperation with the top of the sealing mechanism;

[0015] An in-situ gas collection mechanism includes a vacuum gas collection bottle and an expandable protective cover. The vacuum gas collection bottle is fixed to the outer wall of the top end of drill rod II. The expandable protective cover is fitted over the vacuum gas collection bottle and forms a gas cavity with the vacuum gas collection bottle. A through hole is opened along the center position of drill rod I. The gas flow line of the vacuum gas collection bottle extends out through the through hole. A pressure hole is opened on the vacuum gas collection bottle. The pressure hole communicates with the gas cavity. A control valve is provided on the pressure hole. A plurality of vent holes are arrayed on the expandable protective cover. A sampling pump is provided on the handheld frame.

[0016] A gas chromatograph, which is mounted on top of the handheld stand, is used to analyze gas samples;

[0017] The terminal system is used to control the operation of the overall control device and to perform data aggregation and analysis.

[0018] According to the present invention, the in-situ rapid collection device for natural hydrogen and helium in surface soil includes a handheld frame comprising a mounting plate, a handrail symmetrically and fixedly connected to the top surface of the mounting plate, and a connecting pipe fixed at the center of the bottom surface of the mounting plate.

[0019] According to the present invention, the in-situ rapid collection device for natural hydrogen and helium in surface soil includes a sealing mechanism comprising a sealing plug, the sealing plug being slidably disposed on the top of the drill rod I, a spring being fixed between the sealing plug and the mounting plate, and the sealing plug being in a limiting fit with the limiting component.

[0020] According to the in-situ rapid collection device for natural hydrogen and helium in surface soil provided by the present invention, a positioning module is installed on the top of the mounting plate, and the positioning module is connected to the terminal system.

[0021] According to the in-situ rapid collection device for natural hydrogen and helium in surface soil provided by the present invention, a vacuum pump is installed on the top surface of the mounting plate, and a flow divider is installed at the end of the gas flow pipeline of the vacuum gas collection bottle, the flow divider being connected to the vacuum pump and the sampling pump.

[0022] According to the in-situ rapid collection device for natural hydrogen and helium in surface soil provided by the present invention, baffles are fixedly connected to drill rod I and drill rod II respectively, the vacuum gas collection bottle and the expandable protective cover are both arranged between the two sets of baffles, the inner wall of the expandable protective cover is provided with a hydrophobic and breathable membrane, and the control pipeline of the expandable protective cover extends out through the through hole and the connecting pipeline in sequence.

[0023] According to the in-situ rapid collection device for natural hydrogen and helium in surface soil provided by the present invention, a pressure sensor is installed inside the gas collection bottle, and the pressure sensor is connected to the terminal system.

[0024] According to the in-situ rapid collection device for natural hydrogen and helium in surface soil provided by the present invention, the connecting pipeline and the top of the drill rod I are respectively provided with scale lines.

[0025] A method for rapid in-situ collection of natural hydrogen and helium from surface soil includes the following steps:

[0026] S1, Vacuum gas collecting bottle pretreatment and component inspection: The control valve on the pressure port of the vacuum gas collecting bottle is closed by the terminal system to ensure that the vacuum gas collecting bottle cavity is sealed; the airflow pipeline extending from the connecting pipe is used to evacuate the inside of the vacuum gas collecting bottle; the terminal system monitors the pressure status inside the vacuum gas collecting bottle in real time, and when the preset vacuum threshold is reached, the sampling pump is controlled to stop running to maintain the vacuum sealing status of the vacuum gas collecting bottle and the airflow pipeline;

[0027] The terminal system was used to confirm that the array of several vent holes on the expandable protective cover were not blocked; the sliding flexibility of the sealing mechanism, the docking reliability of the limiting components between drill rod I and the connecting pipeline, and the sealing performance of the detachable connection between the drill bit and the bottom of drill rod II were checked to ensure that each component met the operational requirements.

[0028] S2, Precision drilling and borehole sealing: Move the device to the preset sampling point and confirm the handheld stand is stable through the terminal system; Select the appropriate drill bit according to the soil type of the target sampling area and detachably connect it to the bottom of drill rod II;

[0029] Based on the preset sampling depth, the terminal system adjusts the limit parameters of the limit component to limit the coaxial docking stroke between drill rod I and the connecting pipeline, thereby locking the maximum drilling depth; the drilling mechanism is started, driving drill rod I and drill rod II to rotate synchronously in the forward direction, driving the bottom drill bit to drill into the soil layer. The terminal system provides real-time feedback on the drilling rod's downward progress until the sealing mechanism at the top of drill rod I and the limit component form a top limit engagement, confirming that the preset depth has been reached, and the drilling mechanism stops operating;

[0030] Under the limiting action of the limiting component and the sealing mechanism, the sealing mechanism slides coaxially along the top of the drill rod I to the top of the borehole, tightly fitting the borehole wall to achieve an annular seal from the surface to the target sampling depth, preventing gas leakage in the borehole and outside air from mixing into the borehole.

[0031] S3, Constructing a closed gas intake space and preparing for gas collection.

[0032] The terminal system sends control commands to inflate the expandable protective cover that is fitted over the vacuum gas collecting bottle until its outer wall is tightly fitted against the borehole wall. At this point, a closed air cavity is formed between the expandable protective cover and the vacuum gas collecting bottle, isolating the exchange of external air with the gas inside the hole.

[0033] The control valve on the pressure port of the vacuum gas collection bottle is opened by the terminal system. The in-situ gas in the soil enters the gas chamber through the vent of the expandable protective cover, and then enters the vacuum gas collection bottle through the pressure port. The terminal system records the pressure change data during the gas entry process, providing a basis for subsequent gas collection progress judgment.

[0034] S4, on-demand sampling and on-site testing: If the terminal system detects that the pressure inside the vacuum gas collection bottle reaches the preset atmospheric pressure threshold within a preset time, it indicates that the soil gas has escaped sufficiently. At this time, the terminal system controls the sampling pump to remain closed and controls the gas flow line to connect with the gas chromatograph on the top of the handheld stand. The soil gas enters the gas chromatograph directly through the gas flow line to complete the on-site rapid analysis of the gas sample components. The analysis data is transmitted to the terminal system for storage in real time.

[0035] If the terminal system detects that the pressure inside the vacuum gas collecting bottle is lower than the preset threshold for an extended period, it controls the sampling pump to start and adjusts the operating parameters of the sampling pump to match the soil permeability. During the suction process, the terminal system simultaneously records the gas volume and real-time pressure data to achieve quantitative gas sampling. When the pressure inside the vacuum gas collecting bottle reaches the preset threshold, it controls the sampling pump to stop running and then connects the gas flow line to the gas chromatograph to complete the gas sample component analysis.

[0036] If gas samples need to be retained for subsequent laboratory analysis, the appropriate gas sample storage container is sealed and connected through the extended end of the gas flow line. After the terminal system confirms that the interface is sealed without leakage, the transfer process begins. The terminal system controls the start of the sampling pump and adjusts the sampling pump flow parameters to direct the target gas in the vacuum gas collection bottle and gas chamber into the storage container through the gas flow line and connecting pipe. The terminal system monitors the pressure inside the storage container in real time to prevent overpressure from causing container damage. When the terminal system shows that the pressure inside the storage container has reached the preset value, it first controls the closure of the control valve on the pressure port of the vacuum gas collection bottle, then stops the sampling pump, disconnects the storage container from the connecting pipe, seals the storage container, and marks the sampling time, sampling depth, and corresponding location information.

[0037] S5, component reset and data summary, control the closing of the control valve on the pressure port of the vacuum gas collecting bottle through the terminal system to keep the cavity sealed; control the expansion protective cover to retract and reset, separating it from the borehole wall; start the drilling mechanism, drive drill rod I and drill rod II to rotate synchronously in opposite directions, and lift drill rod I, drill rod II, vacuum gas collecting bottle, expansion protective cover and drill bit from the soil to complete the borehole detachment;

[0038] The terminal system automatically summarizes all the data from this sampling, including sampling depth, pressure change curves inside the vacuum gas collecting bottle, gas chromatograph analysis results, and sampling pump operating parameters, and integrates and stores the data to facilitate subsequent geochemical analysis and anomaly delineation.

[0039] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0040] This invention achieves true in-situ sampling through multi-mechanism collaboration. The drilling mechanism employs a coaxial design with drill rod I, drill rod II, and connecting pipelines, combined with a detachable drill bit / rod for vertical drilling, avoiding soil layer mixing and structural damage. The vacuum gas collection bottle is directly fixed to the outer wall of the top of drill rod II, penetrating deep into the target soil layer without additional excavation. After drilling is completed, the sealing mechanism quickly slides down along drill rod I to seal the gap, isolating external air pollution. Simultaneously, the vacuum gas collection bottle, in conjunction with a sampling pump, can directly extract gas from the soil in situ without transferring the gas collection bottle. The expandable protective cover can also prevent particle blockage and gas cross-flow in the soil layer through pressure regulation, completely solving the problems of disturbance, contamination, and transfer distortion in traditional sampling, ensuring that the gas completely reflects the in-situ state of the target soil layer.

[0041] This invention breaks away from the traditional "sampling-submission-analysis" process, achieving "rapid and efficient" detection. The gas chromatograph is directly mounted on the top of the handheld stand and linked to the in-situ gas collection mechanism via a gas flow pipeline. After the gas is collected in the vacuum gas collection bottle, it can be directly introduced into the chromatograph without transferring the gas sample, completing the "sampling-analysis" process on-site and avoiding the time wasted on submission for testing. This makes it suitable for rapid field detection. In addition, the device integrates all components with the handheld stand as the core, allowing the operator to move it by hand. The drill rod can be quickly connected via a limiting component, and the drill bit can be detached and replaced. A single person can complete the entire process from drilling to analysis, significantly shortening the single-point operation time and reducing operational complexity.

[0042] This invention, centered on "in-situ sampling," overcomes the challenge of accurate soil gas sampling through a collaborative structure of low-disturbance drilling, immediate borehole sealing, and direct in-situ collection. Simultaneously, its handheld, integrated design and combined sampling-analysis approach ensure both speed and convenience in field operations, allowing a single person to complete the entire process. The controllability and structural adaptability of the terminal system further guarantee ease of operation and data reliability, ultimately achieving "in-situ, rapid, and accurate" soil gas collection and analysis, applicable to various scenarios such as soil pollution monitoring, carbon cycle research, and environmental risk assessment. Attached Figure Description

[0043] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0044] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the in-situ rapid collection device for natural hydrogen and helium in surface soil according to the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the expandable protective cover of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vacuum gas collecting bottle of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the method for rapid in-situ collection of natural hydrogen and helium from surface soil according to the present invention.

[0048] The components include: 1. Drill rod I; 2. Drill rod II; 3. Connecting pipeline; 4. Drill bit; 5. Vacuum gas collecting bottle; 6. Expandable protective cover; 7. Gas flow line; 8. Vent hole; 9. Gas chromatograph; 10. Terminal system; 11. Mounting plate; 12. Handrail; 13. Sealing plug; 14. Spring; 15. Limiting component; 16. Vacuum pump; 17. Pressure sensor; 18. Scale line; 19. Sampling pump. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0051] Reference Figures 1-4 This invention provides a device for in-situ rapid collection of natural hydrogen and helium from surface soil, comprising:

[0052] Handheld stand;

[0053] The drilling mechanism includes drill rod I1, drill rod II2 and connecting pipe 3. The connecting pipe 3 is fixed at the center of the bottom of the handheld frame. Drill rod I1 and connecting pipe 3 are coaxially connected through limiting component 15. Drill rod II2 is coaxially fixed at the bottom of drill rod I1. Drill bit 4 is detachably connected to the bottom of drill rod II2.

[0054] The sealing mechanism is coaxially and slidably disposed at the top of the drill rod I1, and the limiting component 15 is engaged with the top limiting component of the sealing mechanism;

[0055] The in-situ gas collection mechanism includes a vacuum gas collection bottle 5 and an expandable protective cover 6. The vacuum gas collection bottle 5 is fixed on the outer wall of the top of the drill rod II 2. The expandable protective cover 6 is fitted over the vacuum gas collection bottle 5 and forms a gas cavity with the vacuum gas collection bottle 5. A through hole is opened along the center position of the drill rod I 1. The gas flow line 7 of the vacuum gas collection bottle 5 extends out through the through hole and is connected to the pipeline 3. A pressure hole is opened on the vacuum gas collection bottle 5. The pressure hole is connected to the gas cavity and a control valve is installed on the pressure hole. Several vent holes 8 are arrayed on the expandable protective cover 6. A sampling pump 19 is installed on the handheld frame. The length of the drill rod I 1 can be selected according to actual needs.

[0056] Gas chromatograph 9, mounted on top of the handheld stand, is used for analyzing gas samples;

[0057] Terminal system 10 is used to control the operation of the overall control device and to perform data aggregation and analysis.

[0058] The design is further optimized. The handheld frame includes a mounting plate 11, with a handrail 12 symmetrically and fixedly connected to the top surface of the mounting plate 11, and the connecting pipe 3 is fixed at the center of the bottom surface of the mounting plate 11.

[0059] The mounting plate serves as the core support platform for the device. Its top surface symmetrically holds the handrails, while the bottom center holds the connecting pipes. When operators hold the handrails, their arm strength stabilizes the overall center of gravity of the device, preventing drill rod displacement due to hand movement during drilling. Simultaneously, the rigid fixation of the connecting pipes to the center of the mounting plate's bottom surface ensures that when drill rod I and the connecting pipes are coaxially aligned via the limiting components, drill rods I and II remain perpendicular (perpendicular to the mounting plate plane), achieving vertical drilling. This avoids soil layer mixing and structural damage caused by drill rod tilting, and allows for precise control of the drilling depth, ensuring the vacuum gas collection bottle accurately reaches the preset target sampling depth, providing a fundamental positioning guarantee for "in-situ sampling." Furthermore, the top surface of the mounting plate can integrate components such as a gas chromatograph and sampling pump 19, achieving centralized fixation of various functional modules and avoiding cluttered pipelines or operational inconvenience caused by dispersed layouts.

[0060] The design is further optimized so that the sealing mechanism includes a sealing plug 13, which is slidably disposed on the top of the drill rod I1. A spring 14 is fixed between the sealing plug 13 and the mounting plate 11, and the sealing plug 13 is limited to the limiting component 15.

[0061] The sealing plug is coaxially slidably fitted onto the top of drill rod I, with a fixed spring between it and the mounting plate. Before drilling, the spring is in a naturally extended state, and the sealing plug, supported by the spring, is located at the top of drill rod I near the mounting plate. When the operator holds the handle and pushes the device downward, drill rod II drives the drill bit into the soil, and drill rod I moves downward accordingly. After the bottom of the sealing plug contacts the surface soil, it is blocked by the soil reaction force and stops moving downward, while the mounting plate continues to move downward with the drill rod, causing the spring to be compressed (the distance between the mounting plate and the sealing plug decreases). When the drill rod drills to the target depth (judged by subsequent scale lines), the sealing plug is fully inserted into the soil. When the downward force is stopped, the spring loses its downward pressure and resets using its own elastic potential energy. It then pulls the mounting plate upward or pushes the sealing plug downward (actually, the sealing plug slides down with the spring) until the sealing plug fits tightly against the gap between the ground surface and drill rod I. At this point, the sealing plug seals the borehole channel through its own structure (such as a rubber sealing surface), completely isolating external air and surface pollutants from entering the sampling area. This prevents external gases from mixing with in-situ soil gases. The entire sealing process is automatically triggered when the drilling stops, requiring no additional manual adjustment. This ensures timely sealing and simplifies the operation process.

[0062] The solution has been further optimized by installing a positioning module on the top of the mounting plate 11, which is connected to the terminal system 10.

[0063] The positioning module (such as a GPS / BeiDou positioning module) is installed on the top of the mounting plate and connects to the terminal system via a data cable or wireless signal. When the device moves to the target sampling point, the positioning module can receive satellite signals in real time and collect spatial location data such as latitude, longitude, and altitude of the point. Subsequently, the positioning module transmits the location data to the terminal system. The terminal system associates and stores the location data with the operating parameters of the point (such as borehole depth, sampling time, and control valve on / off status) and analysis data (gas chromatograph test results). On the other hand, it can display the current location on the interface for the operator to confirm whether it is the preset monitoring point. If multiple points are continuously monitored, the terminal system can automatically summarize all point information according to the "location-data" correspondence, avoiding the errors of traditional manual location recording (such as misrecording points or confusing data). Subsequent data analysis can accurately trace "soil gas composition at a certain location", which is especially suitable for large-area field monitoring (such as farmland and contaminated sites) and provides location basis for spatial distribution analysis.

[0064] The scheme is further optimized by installing a vacuum pump 16 on the top surface of the mounting plate 11 and installing a flow divider at the end of the gas flow line 7 of the vacuum gas collection bottle 5. The flow divider is connected to the vacuum pump 16 and the sampling pump 19.

[0065] Both the vacuum pump and sampling pump 19 are mounted on the top of the mounting plate. A distributor (with a multi-way valve) is installed at the end of the gas flow line of the vacuum gas collection bottle. The distributor is connected to the vacuum pump and sampling pump 19 respectively through pipelines. Before sampling, the terminal system controls the distributor to switch to the "vacuum pump-vacuum gas collection bottle" path, while closing the "sampling pump 19-gas collection bottle" path. After the vacuum pump starts, it evacuates the vacuum gas collection bottle through the distributor and gas flow line—extracting the air from the gas collection bottle to create a stable negative pressure inside the bottle (which can be monitored by a subsequent pressure sensor), providing a pressure difference basis for the subsequent inhalation of in-situ soil gas. When the gas collection bottle reaches the preset negative pressure value, the terminal system controls the vacuum pump to stop working, and the distributor switches to the "sampling pump 19-" path. The "vacuum gas collecting bottle" passage is opened simultaneously with the control valves of the vacuum gas collecting bottle and the gas chamber of the expandable protective cover. At this time, the in-situ soil gas, under the negative pressure of the gas collecting bottle and the suction action of the sampling pump 19, enters the gas chamber through the vent of the expandable protective cover, and then enters the vacuum gas collecting bottle through the pressure hole. The sampling pump 19 can adjust the suction flow rate through the terminal system to avoid the gas composition disorder caused by the flow rate being too fast or the sampling time being prolonged by the flow rate being too slow. The core function of the splitter is to realize the isolation and rapid switching of the two links of "vacuuming" and "sampling". It ensures that the gas collecting bottle is not disturbed by the sampling pump 19 when vacuuming (forming a stable negative pressure), and ensures that the gas is only drawn in from the in-situ soil when sampling, avoiding the backflow of air in the vacuum pump and contaminating the gas sample, thereby improving the sampling efficiency and gas sample purity.

[0066] The scheme was further optimized. Baffles were fixedly connected to drill rod I1 and drill rod II2 respectively. Vacuum gas collecting bottle 5 and expandable protective cover 6 were both set between the two sets of baffles. The inner wall of the expandable protective cover 6 was provided with a hydrophobic and breathable membrane. The control pipeline of the expandable protective cover 6 extended out through the through hole and the connecting pipeline 3 in sequence.

[0067] Annular baffles are fixed on drill rod I and drill rod II respectively. The two sets of baffles form an "upper and lower limiting space". The vacuum gas collecting bottle and the expandable protective cover are placed in this space. During the drilling process, the drill rod drives the baffles to move down synchronously. The baffles can prevent soil particles above and below from squeezing or colliding with the gas collecting bottle and the protective cover, and prevent the two from shifting due to soil friction (ensuring that the gas collecting bottle is always at the target depth). At the same time, it prevents soil particles of different depths from entering between the protective cover and the gas collecting bottle, and avoids blocking the vent holes.

[0068] The inner wall of the expandable protective cover is lined with a hydrophobic and breathable membrane (such as PTFE material), which has the characteristics of "allowing gas to pass through while preventing liquid and solid particles from passing through"—when in-situ soil gas enters the gas cavity between the protective cover and the gas collecting bottle through the vent holes, the hydrophobic and breathable membrane can filter the soil moisture in the gas (preventing moisture from seeping into the gas collecting bottle after entering the gas cavity, causing the gas sample components to be diluted or affecting the gas chromatograph analysis), while blocking small soil particles to ensure that the gas entering the gas cavity is "dry and clean in-situ gas", thus ensuring the purity of the gas sample;

[0069] The control pipeline of the expandable protective cover extends to the outside of the device along the central through-holes and connecting pipelines of drill rods I and II (or is connected to the air pump controlled by the terminal system). Operators can inject / extract gas into the control pipeline through an external air pump or a manual adjustment device: when gas is injected, the pressure in the air chamber of the protective cover increases, and the cover expands (fitting the surrounding soil), which can adapt to dense soil (avoiding soil particles clogging the vents); when gas is extracted, the cover contracts, which can adapt to loose soil (avoiding excessive compression of the soil causing gas crossflow); by adjusting the expansion degree of the protective cover through the control pipeline, it can ensure smooth air intake through the vents and lock the in-situ gas at the target depth, avoiding gas crossflow between soil layers of different depths.

[0070] To further optimize the design, a pressure sensor 17 is installed inside the gas collecting cylinder, and the pressure sensor 17 is connected to the terminal system 10.

[0071] The pressure sensor is fixedly installed inside the vacuum gas collection bottle and connected to the terminal system via a wire (extending along the drill rod through-hole). Before sampling (during the vacuum pump evacuation phase), the pressure sensor monitors the pressure value inside the gas collection bottle in real time and transmits the data to the terminal system. The terminal system compares the "actual pressure value" with the "preset negative pressure threshold." If the pressure does not meet the threshold, the vacuum pump continues to operate; if the threshold is reached, the vacuum pump automatically stops to avoid excessive vacuuming that could damage the gas collection bottle or cause excessively fast gas flow during subsequent sampling. During sampling, the pressure sensor continuously monitors pressure changes. If the pressure value suddenly increases (exceeding the normal sampling fluctuation range), it may be due to a valve not being closed tightly or a pipeline leak (outer air entering). The terminal system triggers an alarm to prompt the operator to check. If the pressure value remains unchanged for a long time, it may be due to a blocked vent or insufficient soil gas. The terminal system will also alarm to facilitate timely troubleshooting. After sampling, the pressure sensor records the final pressure inside the gas collection bottle. The terminal system combines the pressure data with the sampling time to help determine whether the sample volume is sufficient (if the pressure recovery meets expectations, the sampling is qualified), providing data support for the validity of the gas sample analysis.

[0072] To further optimize the design, scale lines 18 are installed on the top of the connecting pipe 3 and the drill rod I1, respectively.

[0073] A method for rapid in-situ collection of natural hydrogen and helium from surface soil includes the following steps:

[0074] S1, Pre-treatment and component inspection of vacuum gas collecting bottle 5: The control valve on the pressure port of vacuum gas collecting bottle 5 is closed by the terminal system 10 to ensure that the cavity of vacuum gas collecting bottle 5 is sealed; Vacuum treatment is performed inside vacuum gas collecting bottle 5 by extending the gas flow line 7 of connecting pipe 3; The terminal system 10 monitors the pressure status inside vacuum gas collecting bottle 5 in real time. When the preset vacuum threshold is reached, the sampling pump 19 is controlled to stop running to maintain the vacuum sealing state of vacuum gas collecting bottle 5 and gas flow line 7.

[0075] The terminal system 10 confirms that the array of several vent holes 8 on the expandable protective cover 6 is not blocked; the sliding flexibility of the sealing mechanism, the docking reliability of the limiting component 15 between the drill rod I1 and the connecting pipe 3, and the sealing performance of the detachable connection between the drill bit 4 and the bottom of the drill rod II2 are checked to ensure that each component meets the operational requirements.

[0076] S2, Precision drilling and borehole sealing: Move the device to the preset sampling point and confirm the handheld frame is stable through the terminal system 10; Select the appropriate drill bit 4 according to the soil type of the target sampling area and detachably connect it to the bottom of the drill rod II 2;

[0077] Based on the preset sampling depth, the terminal system 10 adjusts the limiting parameters of the limiting component 15 to limit the coaxial docking stroke of the drill rod I1 and the connecting pipe 3, thereby locking the maximum drilling depth; the drilling mechanism is started, driving the drill rod I1 and drill rod II2 to rotate synchronously in the forward direction, driving the bottom drill bit 4 to drill into the soil layer. The terminal system 10 provides real-time feedback on the drilling rod's downward progress until the sealing mechanism at the top of the drill rod I1 and the limiting component 15 form a top limiting engagement, confirming that the preset depth has been reached, and the drilling mechanism stops operating;

[0078] Under the limiting action of the limiting component 15 and the sealing mechanism, the sealing mechanism slides coaxially along the top of the drill rod I1 to the top of the borehole, tightly fitting the borehole wall, achieving an annular seal from the surface to the target sampling depth, preventing gas leakage in the borehole and outside air from mixing into the borehole.

[0079] S3, Constructing a closed gas intake space and preparing for gas collection.

[0080] The terminal system 10 sends a control command to cause the expandable protective cover 6, which is fitted outside the vacuum gas collecting bottle 5, to expand until its outer wall is tightly attached to the borehole wall. At this time, a closed air cavity is formed between the expandable protective cover 6 and the vacuum gas collecting bottle 5, which isolates the exchange between the external air and the gas inside the hole. Vacuum treatment is performed again, and the extracted gas is tested. The process stops when the content of the gas to be tested in the gas composition reaches the predetermined value.

[0081] The control valve on the pressure port of the vacuum gas collecting bottle 5 is opened by the terminal system 10. The in-situ gas in the soil enters the gas chamber through the vent 8 of the expandable protective cover 6, and then enters the vacuum gas collecting bottle 5 through the pressure port. The terminal system 10 records the pressure change data during the gas entry process, providing a basis for subsequent gas collection progress judgment.

[0082] S4, on-demand sampling and on-site testing: If the terminal system 10 detects that the pressure inside the vacuum gas collection bottle 5 reaches the preset atmospheric pressure threshold within a preset time, it indicates that the soil gas has escaped sufficiently. At this time, the terminal system 10 controls the sampling pump 19 to remain closed, and at the same time controls the gas flow line 7 to connect with the gas chromatograph 9 on the top of the handheld stand. The soil gas enters the gas chromatograph 9 directly through the gas flow line 7 to complete the on-site rapid analysis of the gas sample components. The analysis data is transmitted to the terminal system 10 for storage in real time.

[0083] If the terminal system 10 detects that the pressure inside the vacuum gas collecting bottle 5 is lower than the preset threshold for an extended period, it controls the sampling pump 19 to start and adjusts the operating parameters of the sampling pump 19 to match the soil permeability. During the suction process, the terminal system 10 simultaneously records the gas volume and real-time pressure data to achieve quantitative gas sampling. When the pressure inside the vacuum gas collecting bottle 5 reaches the preset threshold, the sampling pump 19 is stopped, and the gas flow line 7 is then connected to the gas chromatograph 9 to complete the gas sample component analysis.

[0084] If gas samples need to be retained for subsequent laboratory analysis, the appropriate gas sample storage container is sealed and connected through the extended end of the gas flow line 7. After the terminal system 10 confirms that the interface is sealed without leakage, the transfer process begins. The terminal system 10 controls the start of the sampling pump 19 and adjusts the flow parameters of the sampling pump 19 to direct the target gas in the vacuum gas collecting bottle 5 and the gas chamber into the storage container through the gas flow line 7 and the connecting pipe 3. The terminal system 10 monitors the pressure inside the storage container in real time to avoid overpressure that could cause the container to break. When the terminal system 10 shows that the pressure inside the storage container has reached the preset value, it first controls the closure of the control valve on the pressure port of the vacuum gas collecting bottle 5, then stops the sampling pump 19, disconnects the storage container from the connecting pipe 3, seals the storage container, and marks the sampling time, sampling depth, and corresponding location information.

[0085] S5, component reset and data summary, control the closing of the control valve on the pressure port of the vacuum gas collecting bottle 5 through the terminal system 10 to keep the cavity sealed; control the retractable protective cover 6 to retract and reset, separating it from the borehole wall; start the drilling mechanism, drive the drill rod I1 and drill rod II2 to rotate synchronously in opposite directions, and lift the drill rod I1, drill rod II2, vacuum gas collecting bottle 5, retractable protective cover 6 and drill bit 4 out of the soil, completing the borehole detachment;

[0086] The terminal system 10 automatically summarizes all the data from this sampling, including sampling depth, pressure change curve inside the vacuum gas collecting bottle 5, analysis results of the gas chromatograph 9, and operating parameters of the sampling pump 19, and integrates and stores the data to facilitate subsequent geochemical analysis and anomaly delineation.

[0087] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0088] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for in-situ rapid collection of natural hydrogen and helium from surface soil, characterized in that, include: Handheld stand; The drilling mechanism includes a drill rod I (1), a drill rod II (2) and a connecting pipe (3). The connecting pipe (3) is fixed at the center of the bottom of the handheld frame. The drill rod I (1) and the connecting pipe (3) are coaxially connected by a limiting component (15). The drill rod II (2) is coaxially fixed at the bottom of the drill rod I (1). The bottom of the drill rod II (2) is detachably connected to a drill bit (4). A sealing mechanism is coaxially slidably disposed at the top end of the drill rod I (1), and the limiting component (15) is in a limiting fit with the top of the sealing mechanism; In-situ gas collection mechanism, the in-situ gas collection mechanism includes a vacuum gas collection bottle (5) and an expandable protective cover (6). The vacuum gas collection bottle (5) is fixed on the outer wall of the top end of the drill rod II (2). The expandable protective cover (6) is sleeved on the vacuum gas collection bottle (5) and forms a gas cavity with the vacuum gas collection bottle (5). The drill rod I (1) has a through hole at the center position. The gas flow line (7) of the vacuum gas collection bottle (5) passes through the through hole and the connecting pipe (3) in sequence. The vacuum gas collection bottle (5) has a pressure hole. The pressure hole is connected to the gas cavity. A control valve is provided on the pressure hole. Several air vents (8) are arrayed on the expandable protective cover (6). A sampling pump (19) is provided on the handheld frame. Gas chromatograph (9), the gas chromatograph (9) is installed on the top of the handheld frame and is used to analyze gas samples. The terminal system (10) is used to control the operation of the overall control device and to perform data aggregation and analysis.

2. The in-situ rapid collection device for natural hydrogen and helium in surface soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The handheld frame includes a mounting plate (11), on which a handrail (12) is symmetrically and fixedly connected, and the connecting pipe (3) is fixed at the center of the bottom surface of the mounting plate (11).

3. The in-situ rapid collection device for natural hydrogen and helium in surface soil according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sealing mechanism includes a sealing plug (13), which is slidably disposed on the top of the drill rod I (1). A spring (14) is fixed between the sealing plug (13) and the mounting plate (11), and the sealing plug (13) is limited to the limiting component (15).

4. The in-situ rapid collection device for natural hydrogen and helium in surface soil according to claim 2, characterized in that, A positioning module is installed on the top of the mounting plate (11), and the positioning module is connected to the terminal system (10).

5. A device for in-situ rapid collection of natural hydrogen and helium from surface soil according to claim 2, characterized in that, A vacuum pump (16) is installed on the top surface of the mounting plate (11), and a flow divider is installed at the end of the gas flow line (7) of the vacuum gas collecting bottle (5). The flow divider is connected to the vacuum pump (16) and the sampling pump (19).

6. The in-situ rapid collection device for natural hydrogen and helium in surface soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, Baffles are fixedly connected to drill rod I (1) and drill rod II (2), respectively. The vacuum gas collecting bottle (5) and the expandable protective cover (6) are both set between the two sets of baffles. The inner wall of the expandable protective cover (6) is provided with a hydrophobic and breathable membrane. The control pipeline of the expandable protective cover (6) extends out through the through hole and the connecting pipeline (3) in sequence.

7. The in-situ rapid collection device for natural hydrogen and helium in surface soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, A pressure sensor (17) is installed inside the gas collecting bottle, and the pressure sensor (17) is connected to the terminal system (10).

8. The in-situ rapid collection device for natural hydrogen and helium in surface soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the connecting pipe (3) and the drill rod I (1) are respectively provided with scale lines (18).

9. A method for in-situ rapid collection of natural hydrogen and helium from surface soil, based on the in-situ rapid collection device for natural hydrogen and helium from surface soil according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, Pre-treatment and component inspection of vacuum gas collecting bottle (5): The control valve on the pressure port of vacuum gas collecting bottle (5) is closed by the terminal system (10) to ensure that the cavity of vacuum gas collecting bottle (5) is sealed; the air flow line (7) extending from the connecting pipe (3) is used to evacuate the inside of vacuum gas collecting bottle (5); the terminal system (10) monitors the pressure status inside vacuum gas collecting bottle (5) in real time, and stops when the preset vacuum threshold is reached, so as to maintain the vacuum sealing status of vacuum gas collecting bottle (5) and air flow line (7); The terminal system (10) confirms that the array of several vent holes (8) on the expandable protective cover (6) is not blocked; the sliding flexibility of the sealing mechanism, the docking reliability of the limiting component (15) between the drill rod I (1) and the connecting pipe (3), and the detachable connection sealing of the drill bit (4) and the bottom of the drill rod II (2) are checked to ensure that each component meets the operation requirements. S2, Precision drilling and borehole sealing, move the device to the preset sampling point, and confirm the stable placement of the handheld frame through the terminal system (10); select the appropriate drill bit (4) according to the soil type of the target sampling area, and detachably connect it to the bottom of the drill rod II (2); Based on the preset sampling depth, the limit parameters of the limit component (15) are adjusted by the terminal system (10) to limit the coaxial docking stroke of drill rod I (1) and connecting pipe (3), thereby locking the maximum drilling depth; the drilling mechanism is started, and drill rod I (1) and drill rod II (2) are driven to rotate synchronously in the forward direction, driving the bottom drill bit (4) to drill into the soil layer. The terminal system (10) provides real-time feedback on the drilling rod's downward progress until the sealing mechanism at the top of drill rod I (1) and the limit component (15) form a top limit engagement, confirming that the preset depth has been reached, and the drilling mechanism stops operating; Under the limiting action of the limiting component (15) and the sealing mechanism, the sealing mechanism slides coaxially along the top of the drill rod I (1) to the top of the borehole, closely fitting the borehole wall, realizing annular sealing from the ground surface to the target sampling depth, preventing gas leakage in the borehole and outside air from mixing into the borehole. S3, Constructing a closed gas intake space and preparing for gas collection. The terminal system (10) sends control commands to cause the expandable protective cover (6) fitted outside the vacuum gas collecting bottle (5) to expand until its outer wall is tightly attached to the borehole wall. At this time, a closed air cavity is formed between the expandable protective cover (6) and the vacuum gas collecting bottle (5), which isolates the exchange of external air and gas inside the hole. The control valve on the pressure port of the vacuum gas collecting bottle (5) is opened by the terminal system (10). The in-situ gas in the soil enters the gas chamber through the vent (8) of the expandable protective cover (6) and then enters the vacuum gas collecting bottle (5) through the pressure port. The terminal system (10) records the pressure change data during the gas entry process, providing a basis for judging the subsequent gas collection progress. S4, on-demand sampling and on-site testing. If the terminal system (10) detects that the pressure inside the vacuum gas collection bottle (5) reaches the preset atmospheric pressure threshold within a preset time, it indicates that the soil gas has escaped sufficiently. At this time, the terminal system (10) controls the sampling pump (19) to remain closed, and controls the gas flow line (7) to connect with the gas chromatograph (9) on the top of the handheld stand. The soil gas enters the gas chromatograph (9) directly through the gas flow line (7) to complete the on-site rapid analysis of the gas sample components. The analysis data is transmitted to the terminal system (10) for storage in real time. If the terminal system (10) detects that the pressure inside the vacuum gas collecting bottle (5) is lower than the preset threshold for a long time, it controls the start of the sampling pump (19) and adjusts the operating parameters of the sampling pump (19) through the terminal system (10) to adapt to the soil permeability. During the suction process, the terminal system (10) records the gas volume and real-time pressure data simultaneously to achieve quantitative gas sampling. When the pressure inside the vacuum gas collecting bottle (5) reaches the preset threshold, it controls the sampling pump (19) to stop running and then connects the gas flow line (7) to the gas chromatograph (9) to complete the gas sample component analysis. If gas samples need to be stored for subsequent laboratory analysis, the appropriate gas sample storage container is sealed and connected through the extended end of the gas flow line (7). After the terminal system (10) confirms that the interface is sealed without leakage, the transfer process begins. The terminal system (10) controls the start of the sampling pump (19) and adjusts the flow parameters of the sampling pump (19) so that the target gas in the vacuum gas collection bottle (5) and the gas chamber flows into the storage container through the gas flow line (7) and the connecting pipe (3). The terminal system (10) monitors the pressure inside the storage container in real time to avoid overpressure causing damage to the container. When the terminal system (10) shows that the pressure inside the storage container reaches the preset value, it first controls the closing of the control valve on the pressure hole of the vacuum gas collection bottle (5), then stops the sampling pump (19), disconnects the storage container from the connecting pipe (3), seals the storage container, and marks the sampling time, sampling depth and corresponding location information. S5, component reset and data summary, control the closing of the control valve on the pressure hole of the vacuum gas collecting bottle (5) through the terminal system (10) to keep the cavity sealed; control the expansion protective cover (6) to retract and reset, separating it from the borehole wall; start the drilling mechanism, drive drill rod I (1) and drill rod II (2) to rotate synchronously in opposite directions, and pull drill rod I (1), drill rod II (2), vacuum gas collecting bottle (5), expansion protective cover (6) and drill bit (4) out of the soil to complete the borehole detachment; The terminal system (10) automatically summarizes all the data from this sampling, including sampling depth, pressure change curve inside the vacuum gas collecting bottle (5), analysis results of gas chromatograph (9), and operating parameters of sampling pump (19), and integrates and stores the data to facilitate subsequent geochemical analysis and anomaly delineation.

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