Rainfall station network stationing optimization method and system

Abstract

The invention is applicable to the technical field of stationing optimization, and particularly relates to a rainfall station network stationing optimization method and system, and the method comprises the steps: collecting social activity data in a preset range, selecting a deployment point location of a rainfall station, recognizing an observation blind area, and determining a temporary monitoring point location of a mobile rainfall station, acquiring historical meteorological data in a monitoring range, and shifting the temporary monitoring point position; sensing data of a mobile rain station of a rainfall station are collected, when a rainy day comes, a rainwater distribution diagram in a preset range is drawn, a rainfall range is delimited, the observation blind area is refreshed, and the monitoring equipment located in the observation blind area is found out. By calculating the occurrence frequency, the spatial distribution rule of rainfall can be accurately determined, the utilization rate of monitoring resources is improved, the scientificity and rationality of rainfall station layout are further improved, the limited rainfall stations can cover more representative areas, and monitoring blind areas are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rain gauge network optimization technology, and in particular to a method and system for optimizing the layout of rain gauge networks. Background Technology

[0002] A rain gauge network refers to an observation network composed of multiple rain gauge monitoring stations. By constructing rain gauges at multiple locations, it enables continuous monitoring and data collection of rainfall distribution. Rain gauge networks can reflect large-scale rainfall events and also capture detailed changes in localized heavy rainfall or extreme weather, providing scientific basis for weather forecasting, flood control and disaster reduction, water resource management, and urban drainage planning. Early rain gauges often relied on simple containers, such as standardized rain gauge cylinders or tipping bucket water collection devices, reflecting rainfall intensity and total amount by the amount of rainwater accumulated in the container.

[0003] Although mobile rain gauges exist, their limited number, time-consuming deployment, and short monitoring cycles make it difficult to provide continuous and stable observation data like fixed rain gauges over long periods, thus hindering effective coverage over large areas.

[0004] Therefore, "how to provide data reference for the placement of rain gauges based on the monitoring data of mobile rain gauges and the accumulation of rainwater" is the technical problem that this invention needs to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method and system for optimizing the layout of rain gauge networks, in order to solve the problem mentioned in the background art of "how to provide data reference for the layout of rain gauges based on the monitoring data of mobile rain gauges and the accumulation of rainwater".

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A method for optimizing the layout of rain gauge networks, the method comprising:

[0008] Collect social activity data within a preset range, select the deployment locations of rain gauges, identify observation blind spots, determine temporary monitoring locations for mobile rain gauges, acquire historical meteorological data within the monitoring range, and shift the temporary monitoring locations.

[0009] The sensor data of the mobile rain gauge is collected. When rainy weather comes, a rain distribution map within a preset range is drawn and the rainfall range is defined. The observation blind zone is refreshed and the monitoring equipment located in the observation blind zone is located. The monitoring equipment includes at least: video monitoring equipment. The reference readings are read using the rain data collection equipment pre-deployed at the monitoring equipment and the rainfall distribution trend is determined.

[0010] When the reference reading exceeds the preset threshold, the rainfall event is recorded, and the corresponding rainfall acquisition device is defined as the target device. The location data of the target device is obtained, the mobile rain station outside the rainfall range is found, and several available points are obtained. The location data, the rainfall distribution trend of the available points and the rainfall event are written into the preset template to generate an observation task, which is published to the preset platform, and the position of the mobile rain station is adjusted.

[0011] The number of rainfall events occurring in each monitoring device is calculated. Based on the number of occurrences, a preset number of monitoring devices are selected, and their locations are defined as backup locations. The backup locations are then sent to a preset terminal.

[0012] Furthermore, the steps of collecting social activity data within a preset range, selecting the deployment locations of rain gauges, and identifying observation blind spots include:

[0013] Draw a planar distribution map of the preset area, and mark the deployment points and temporary monitoring points on the planar distribution map;

[0014] Record the lifecycle of the observation mission and update the planar distribution map after the observation mission ends.

[0015] Furthermore, the steps of collecting sensor data from the mobile rain gauge and drawing a rainfall distribution map within a preset range and delineating the rainfall area when rainy weather occurs include:

[0016] The rainfall area is overlaid onto the rain distribution map to create a hotspot distribution map, and the deployment locations are adjusted accordingly.

[0017] Using the location of the monitoring equipment, an inspection route is generated and uploaded to the preset platform.

[0018] Furthermore, the step of refreshing the observation blind zone and locating the monitoring equipment located within the observation blind zone includes:

[0019] Acquire multimodal data within a preset range, wherein the multimodal data includes at least: remote sensing data, hydrological data, and mobile sensing data;

[0020] Based on the multimodal data and rainfall distribution trends, abnormal readings in the reference readings are identified, and the locations of the monitoring devices corresponding to the abnormal readings are inserted into the inspection route.

[0021] Furthermore, the steps of acquiring the location data of the target device, locating mobile rain stations outside the rainfall area, and obtaining several available locations include:

[0022] Determine the changing trend of the rainfall area, generate additional tasks, and establish the correspondence between the changing trend and the additional tasks;

[0023] The changing trend and rainfall range are uploaded to a preset platform, registered users of the preset platform are identified, feedback from registered users is received, and the changing trend and rainfall range are corrected.

[0024] Furthermore, the step of recording a rainfall event when the reference reading exceeds a preset threshold includes:

[0025] The influencing factors of the preset threshold are determined, wherein the influencing factors include at least: the season and the location data;

[0026] Establish a one-to-one correspondence between reference readings and preset thresholds, and construct a comparison table.

[0027] Furthermore, the step of calculating the number of rainfall events occurring in each monitoring device and selecting a preset number of monitoring devices based on the number of occurrences includes:

[0028] All monitoring devices are sorted in descending order of frequency of occurrence to generate a queue;

[0029] Select a preset number of monitoring devices from the front of the queue, and define the location of the selected monitoring devices as the standby location.

[0030] Furthermore, the system includes:

[0031] The offset module is used to collect social activity data within a preset range, select the deployment location of rain gauges, identify observation blind spots, determine the temporary monitoring location of mobile rain gauges, acquire historical meteorological data within the monitoring range, and offset the temporary monitoring location.

[0032] The data acquisition module is used to collect sensor data from the mobile rain gauge station. When rainy weather arrives, it draws a rain distribution map within a preset range, delineates the rainfall range, refreshes the observation blind zone, and locates the monitoring equipment located within the observation blind zone. The monitoring equipment includes at least: video monitoring equipment. Using rain data acquisition equipment pre-deployed at the monitoring equipment, it reads reference readings and determines the rainfall distribution trend.

[0033] The adjustment module is used to record rainfall events when the reference reading exceeds a preset threshold, define the corresponding rainfall acquisition device as the target device, obtain the location data of the target device, find the mobile rain station outside the rainfall range, obtain several available points, write the location data, the rainfall distribution trend of the available points and the rainfall events into a preset template, generate an observation task, publish it to a preset platform, and adjust the position of the mobile rain station.

[0034] The sending module is used to calculate the number of times rainfall events occur in each monitoring device, select a preset number of monitoring devices based on the number of occurrences, define their locations as backup locations, and send the backup locations to a preset terminal.

[0035] Furthermore, the offset module includes:

[0036] The marking unit is used to draw a planar distribution map of a preset range and mark the deployment points and temporary monitoring points on the planar distribution map;

[0037] The update unit is used to record the lifecycle of the observation task and update the planar distribution map after the observation task is completed.

[0038] Furthermore, the acquisition module includes:

[0039] The overlay unit is used to overlay the rainfall range onto the rain distribution map, draw a hotspot distribution map, and adjust the deployment points;

[0040] The uploading unit is used to generate an inspection route based on the location of the monitoring device and upload it to the preset platform.

[0041] The acquisition unit is used to acquire multimodal data within a preset range, wherein the multimodal data includes at least: remote sensing data, hydrological data and mobile sensing data;

[0042] The insertion unit is used to traverse the abnormal readings in the reference readings through the multimodal data and rainfall distribution trends, and insert the location of the monitoring equipment corresponding to the abnormal readings into the inspection route.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0044] By shifting the locations of temporary monitoring points, the spatial matching accuracy of rainfall monitoring can be improved, data deviation can be reduced, resource allocation can be optimized, and ineffective deployment can be avoided. By deploying monitoring equipment, the deficiencies of rain gauges and mobile rain gauges can be supplemented, gaps between rain gauge networks can be filled, a data foundation can be provided for the adjustment of mobile rain gauges, and more accurate rainfall data can be obtained to optimize the deployment of rain gauges, greatly improving the spatial resolution and coverage of the rain gauge network. By generating observation tasks, social resources can be utilized to adjust the location of mobile rain gauges, respond quickly to rainfall events, and reduce operation and maintenance costs. By calculating the occurrence frequency, the spatial distribution pattern of rainfall can be accurately determined, improving the utilization rate of monitoring resources and further enhancing the scientific and rational nature of rain gauge network deployment, enabling limited rain gauges to cover more representative areas and reducing monitoring blind spots. Attached Figure Description

[0045] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the rain gauge network layout optimization method provided in this embodiment of the invention;

[0046] Figure 2 This is a first sub-flowchart of the rain gauge network layout optimization method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 This is a second sub-flowchart of the rain gauge network layout optimization method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 4 This is a third sub-flowchart of the rain gauge network layout optimization method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 5 This is the fourth sub-flowchart of the rain gauge network layout optimization method provided in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 6 This is a block diagram of the rain gauge network layout optimization system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 7 This is a block diagram of the offset module in the rain gauge network layout optimization system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 8 This is a block diagram of the data acquisition module in the rain gauge network optimization system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 9 This is a block diagram of the adjustment module in the rain gauge network layout optimization system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 10 This is a block diagram of the sending module in the rain gauge network layout optimization system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0055] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0056] In Example 1, Figure 1 The implementation flow of the rain gauge network layout optimization method provided in this embodiment of the invention is illustrated below, and is described in detail below:

[0057] S100: Collect social activity data within a preset range, select the deployment locations of rain gauges, identify observation blind spots, determine temporary monitoring locations for mobile rain gauges, acquire historical meteorological data within the monitoring range, and shift the temporary monitoring locations.

[0058] Social activity data within a predetermined range is determined from traffic service platforms, population density data, or other publicly available data. This range can be a city or a large area. Social activity data includes population density, traffic flow, industrial and commercial distribution, location of important facilities, and public activity hotspots. Based on the social activity data and the equipment resources of the rain gauge network, the deployment locations of the rain gauges are determined, and the observation blind zone of each rain gauge is defined—that is, the area that cannot be effectively monitored under the existing rain gauge network. In reality, because rain belts move, blind zones are not static; in other words, blind zones are different in each rainfall event. Blind zones that occur more than a threshold number of times are defined as observation blind zones. Within the observation blind zones, mobile rain gauge deployment points, i.e., temporary monitoring points, are selected. These temporary monitoring points are shifted based on historical meteorological data generated from multiple rainfall events. The advantage of this method is that it can optimize coverage and dynamically adapt to rainfall characteristics.

[0059] In this application, a mobile rain station refers to a portable or mobile rain gauge that can temporarily observe rain belts and supplement the coverage blind spots of rain gauges.

[0060] S200: Collect sensor data from the mobile rain gauge station. When rainy weather arrives, draw a rain distribution map within a preset range, delineate the rainfall range, refresh the observation blind zone, and locate the monitoring equipment located within the observation blind zone. The monitoring equipment includes at least: video monitoring equipment. Using rain data acquisition equipment pre-deployed at the monitoring equipment, read reference readings and determine the rainfall distribution trend.

[0061] Sensing data from rain gauge stations and mobile rain stations are collected, including rainfall amount, rainfall intensity, and time information for each station. Once rainfall data is detected, the sensor data from each station is gridded to create a continuous rainfall distribution map. Based on the existing rain gauge network layout and rainfall distribution characteristics, observation blind spots are updated. Monitoring and rainfall acquisition devices located within these blind spots are identified. Monitoring devices primarily consist of video surveillance equipment, while rainfall acquisition devices are mainly graduated containers, but can also include professional weighing rain gauges and float-type rain gauges. Using video surveillance equipment, the accumulation of rainwater in the containers at the monitoring devices is monitored in real time, and the readings in the containers are read as reference readings. These reference readings include rainfall amount and rainfall rate, and are approximate values. The collected reference readings are combined with precise rainfall data from surrounding rain gauge stations and mobile rain stations to determine rainfall distribution trends, including changes in rainfall intensity and the possible direction of rainband spread.

[0062] S300: When the reference reading exceeds the preset threshold, record the rainfall event, define the corresponding rainfall acquisition device as the target device, obtain the location data of the target device, find the mobile rain station outside the rainfall range, obtain several available points, write the location data, the rainfall distribution trend of the available points and the rainfall event into the preset template, generate the observation task, publish it to the preset platform, and adjust the position of the mobile rain station.

[0063] When the reference reading of a certain monitoring device exceeds the preset threshold, it is determined that a rainfall event has occurred at the monitoring device, and the rainfall acquisition device corresponding to the monitoring device is defined as the target device. Based on the distribution data of the monitoring devices, the location data of the monitoring points and the target device are determined.

[0064] The process involves identifying mobile rain stations located outside the rainfall area and selecting several that can be easily moved based on geographical distribution and accessibility. These mobile rain stations are then defined as available locations. The location data of the target equipment, the rainfall distribution trend of available locations, and relevant information about the current rainfall event are compiled and written into a preset template to generate observation tasks. These tasks are then published on a preset platform, which is pre-defined by platform administrators. The preset platform is essentially a unified platform for managing rainfall monitoring equipment, observation tasks, and the dynamic deployment of mobile rain stations. It is similar to a food delivery or ride-hailing order platform, where registered users can receive observation tasks and move mobile rain stations from available locations to the target equipment, thus adjusting the location of the mobile rain stations.

[0065] S400: Calculate the number of times rainfall events occur in each monitoring device, select a preset number of monitoring devices based on the number of occurrences, define their locations as backup locations, and send the backup locations to a preset terminal.

[0066] The number of rainfall events occurring in each monitoring device is counted, and the monitoring devices with the most occurrences are selected. The corresponding deployment locations are defined as backup locations. The number of monitoring devices selected is determined based on the hardware resources and design plans of the rain gauge network. The backup locations are the locations where rain gauges need to be deployed. The backup locations are sent to the preset terminals, which refer to the management terminals for rainfall monitoring.

[0067] In Example 2, Figure 2 The implementation flow of the rain gauge network optimization method provided by the embodiment of the present invention is shown. The following details the steps of collecting social activity data within a preset range, selecting the deployment locations of rain gauges, and identifying observation blind spots:

[0068] S101: Draw a planar distribution map of the preset range, and mark the deployment points and temporary monitoring points on the planar distribution map.

[0069] Based on the road and building distribution and geographic information within the preset range, a planar distribution map is drawn, and the deployment points and temporary monitoring points are marked on the planar distribution map. Data such as site type, sensor type, cumulative rainfall and historical rainfall frequency are also written in.

[0070] S102: Record the lifecycle of the observation task and update the planar distribution map after the observation task ends.

[0071] Record the lifecycle of each observation task, which includes data such as task creation, release, execution, and task feedback. After the observation task is completed, update the deployment points and temporary monitoring points in the planar distribution.

[0072] In Example 3, Figure 3 The implementation flow of the rain gauge network optimization method provided by an embodiment of the present invention is illustrated. The following details the steps of collecting sensor data from mobile rain gauge stations, drawing a rain distribution map within a preset range, and delineating the rainfall area when rain arrives:

[0073] S201: Overlay the rainfall range onto the rain distribution map to draw a hotspot distribution map, and adjust the deployment points.

[0074] The rainfall range under each rainfall event is overlaid onto the rainwater distribution map. Based on rainfall intensity, cumulative rainfall, and rainfall frequency, hotspot areas are identified, which refer to areas where rainfall is concentrated. All hotspot areas are marked on the rainwater distribution map to generate a hotspot distribution map. The coverage effect of the current rain gauge network is analyzed, and the deployment locations of rain gauges are dynamically adjusted and optimized in combination with factors such as traffic accessibility, terrain conditions, and equipment performance.

[0075] S202: Using the location of the monitoring equipment, generate an inspection route and upload it to the preset platform.

[0076] The system locates the positions of all monitoring devices, and uses a nearest neighbor algorithm to connect all these positions, generating inspection routes. These routes are then uploaded to a pre-set platform. In this application, the inspection tasks corresponding to the inspection routes can also be performed by registered users of the pre-set platform. These tasks can include cleaning and repositioning of rainfall collection devices, or checking the status and maintaining the functions of monitoring devices, including sensor calibration, cleaning the lenses of video surveillance equipment, and testing power supplies and communication lines. As can be seen, these inspection tasks are relatively simple, require no additional hardware, and can fully rely on socialized maintenance resources. This approach can greatly improve the maintenance efficiency and reliability of monitoring devices or rainfall collection devices.

[0077] In Example 4, Figure 3 The implementation flow of the rain gauge network layout optimization method provided by the embodiment of the present invention is shown. The following details the steps of refreshing the observation blind zone and finding the monitoring equipment located in the observation blind zone:

[0078] S203: Acquire multimodal data within a preset range, wherein the multimodal data includes at least: remote sensing data, hydrological data, and mobile sensing data.

[0079] Multimodal data within a predetermined range is collected from publicly available data. This multimodal data includes remote sensing data, hydrological data, and mobile sensing data. Remote sensing data can be acquired through meteorological satellites or drones, while hydrological data covers river flow, water storage, and information from relevant hydrological stations. Mobile sensing devices can include rainfall monitoring vehicles, etc.

[0080] S204: Based on the multimodal data and rainfall distribution trend, abnormal readings in the reference readings are identified, and the locations of the monitoring devices corresponding to the abnormal readings are inserted into the inspection route.

[0081] By combining multimodal data and rainfall distribution trends, reference readings that may be abnormal are identified, i.e., abnormal readings, such as values ​​that are significantly lower, higher, or abruptly changed. The location of the monitoring equipment corresponding to the abnormal reading is defined as an abnormal location, and the abnormal location is added to the inspection route. The nearest neighbor algorithm is then used to update the inspection route.

[0082] In Example 5, Figure 4 The implementation flow of the rain gauge network optimization method provided in this embodiment of the invention is illustrated below. The steps of obtaining the location data of the target equipment, finding mobile rain gauges outside the rainfall range, and obtaining several usable locations are described in detail below:

[0083] S301: Determine the changing trend of the rainfall area, generate additional tasks, and establish the correspondence between the changing trend and the additional tasks.

[0084] The monitoring data from rain gauges, sensor data from mobile rain gauges, and multimodal data are integrated and analyzed to determine the spatial variation trend of the rainfall range, and to determine whether there are any blind spots in the target area of ​​the rain belt shift. If so, a new additional task is generated, which is to move the mobile rain gauges outside the rain belt range to the rain belt range.

[0085] S302: Upload the changing trend and rainfall range to a preset platform, identify the registered users of the preset platform, receive feedback from the registered users, and correct the changing trend and rainfall range.

[0086] The changing trends and rainfall range are uploaded to a pre-set platform. Users who have completed identity registration on the platform are defined as registered users. Feedback from registered users is received on the platform; this feedback is essentially manually edited rainfall reports. For example, it is raining in area A, and the rainfall is increasing. Based on the feedback, adjustments are made to the changing trends and rainfall range. The advantage of this method is that it combines automated monitoring by rain stations with manual observation, achieving complementarity between data and experience, reducing blind spots in rainfall monitoring, and broadening the sources of rainfall data.

[0087] In Example 6, Figure 4 The implementation flow of the rain gauge network layout optimization method provided by the embodiment of the present invention is shown. The following details the step of recording the rainfall event when the reference reading exceeds the preset threshold:

[0088] S303: Determine the influencing factors of the preset threshold, wherein the influencing factors include at least: the season and the location data.

[0089] Identify the factors that affect the threshold corresponding to each reference reading, i.e., the influencing factors. These factors include seasonal and location data, for example, during the rainy season or plum rain season, the frequency and intensity of rainfall are usually higher, which can increase the threshold.

[0090] S304: Establish a one-to-one correspondence between reference readings and preset thresholds, and construct a reference table.

[0091] Each monitoring device should be set with a different threshold depending on its location and equipment performance. The correspondence between the reference reading and the threshold should be stored in a lookup table. For example, a larger threshold can be set in an uninhabited area with relatively stable geological conditions.

[0092] In Example 7, Figure 5 The implementation flow of the rain gauge network optimization method provided by an embodiment of the present invention is illustrated. The following details the steps of calculating the occurrence number of rainfall events in each monitoring device and selecting a preset number of monitoring devices based on the occurrence number:

[0093] S401: Sort all monitoring devices in descending order of frequency of occurrence and generate a queue.

[0094] All monitoring devices are sorted in descending order of the frequency of rainfall events, and a queue is generated.

[0095] S402: Select a preset number of monitoring devices from the front of the queue, and define the location of the selected monitoring devices as the standby location.

[0096] A predetermined number of monitoring devices are selected from the front of the queue, and their corresponding locations are defined as backup locations. In other words, backup locations are the locations of monitoring devices that experience frequent rainfall events. By prioritizing coverage of these locations, the continuity and integrity of monitoring in key areas can be ensured, and monitoring blind spots can be reduced.

[0097] Figure 6 This diagram illustrates the structural block diagram of a rain gauge network optimization system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The rain gauge network optimization system 1 includes:

[0098] The offset module 11 is used to collect social activity data within a preset range, select the deployment location of the rain gauge, identify the observation blind zone, determine the temporary monitoring location of the mobile rain gauge, acquire historical meteorological data within the monitoring range, and offset the temporary monitoring location.

[0099] The data acquisition module 12 is used to collect sensor data from the mobile rain gauge station. When rainy weather arrives, it draws a rain distribution map within a preset range, delineates the rainfall range, refreshes the observation blind zone, and locates the monitoring equipment located within the observation blind zone. The monitoring equipment includes at least: video monitoring equipment. It uses rain data acquisition equipment pre-deployed at the monitoring equipment location to read reference readings and determine the rainfall distribution trend.

[0100] The adjustment module 13 is used to record rainfall events when the reference reading exceeds a preset threshold, define the corresponding rainfall acquisition device as the target device, obtain the location data of the target device, find the mobile rain station outside the rainfall range, obtain several available points, write the location data, the rainfall distribution trend of the available points and the rainfall events into a preset template, generate an observation task, publish it to a preset platform, and adjust the position of the mobile rain station.

[0101] The sending module 14 is used to calculate the number of times rainfall events occur in each monitoring device, select a preset number of monitoring devices based on the number of occurrences, define their locations as backup locations, and send the backup locations to a preset terminal.

[0102] Figure 7This diagram illustrates the structural composition of the rain gauge network optimization system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The offset module 11 includes:

[0103] The marking unit 111 is used to draw a planar distribution map of a preset range and mark the deployment points and temporary monitoring points on the planar distribution map;

[0104] The update unit 112 is used to record the life cycle of the observation task and update the planar distribution map after the observation task ends.

[0105] Figure 8 This diagram illustrates the structural composition of the rain gauge network optimization system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The data acquisition module 12 includes:

[0106] The overlay unit 121 is used to overlay the rainfall range onto the rain distribution map, draw a hotspot distribution map, and adjust the deployment points;

[0107] The uploading unit 122 is used to generate an inspection route based on the location of the monitoring device and upload it to the preset platform;

[0108] The acquisition unit 123 is used to acquire multimodal data within a preset range, wherein the multimodal data includes at least: remote sensing data, hydrological data and mobile sensing data;

[0109] The insertion unit 124 is used to traverse the abnormal readings in the reference readings through the multimodal data and rainfall distribution trends, and insert the location of the monitoring equipment corresponding to the abnormal readings into the inspection route.

[0110] Figure 9 This diagram illustrates the structural composition of the rain gauge network optimization system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The adjustment module 13 includes:

[0111] Establish unit 131 to determine the changing trend of the rainfall range, generate additional tasks, and establish the correspondence between the changing trend and the additional tasks;

[0112] The correction unit 132 is used to upload the change trend and rainfall range to a preset platform, identify the registered users of the preset platform, receive feedback from the registered users, and correct the change trend and rainfall range.

[0113] The determining unit 133 is used to determine the influencing factors of a preset threshold, wherein the influencing factors include at least: the season and the location data;

[0114] The corresponding unit 134 is used to establish a one-to-one correspondence between the reference reading and the preset threshold and to construct a reference table.

[0115] Figure 10 This diagram illustrates the structural composition of the rain gauge network optimization system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The sending module 14 includes:

[0116] The sorting unit 141 is used to sort all monitoring devices in descending order of frequency of occurrence to generate a queue;

[0117] The definition unit 142 is used to select a preset number of monitoring devices from the front of the queue and define the location of the selected monitoring devices as a spare position.

[0118] The offset module 11 is mainly used to complete step S100, the acquisition module 12 is mainly used to complete step S200, the adjustment module 13 is mainly used to complete step S300, and the transmission module 14 is mainly used to complete step S400.

[0119] The marking unit 111 is mainly used to complete step S101, and the updating unit 112 is mainly used to complete step S102.

[0120] The overlay unit 121 is mainly used to complete step S201, the upload unit 122 is mainly used to complete step S202, the acquisition unit 123 is mainly used to complete step S203, and the insertion unit 124 is mainly used to complete step S204.

[0121] The establishment unit 131 is mainly used to complete step S301, the correction unit 132 is mainly used to complete step S302, the determination unit 133 is mainly used to complete step S303, and the corresponding unit 134 is mainly used to complete step S304.

[0122] The sorting unit 141 is mainly used to complete step S401, and the definition unit 142 is mainly used to complete step S402.

[0123] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0124] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of this patent should be determined by the appended claims.

[0125] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the layout of a rain gauge network, characterized in that, The method includes: Collect social activity data within a preset range, select the deployment locations of rain gauges, identify observation blind spots, determine temporary monitoring locations for mobile rain gauges, acquire historical meteorological data within the monitoring range, and shift the temporary monitoring locations. The sensor data of the mobile rain gauge is collected. When rainy weather comes, a rain distribution map within a preset range is drawn and the rainfall range is defined. The observation blind zone is refreshed and the monitoring equipment located in the observation blind zone is located. The monitoring equipment includes at least: video monitoring equipment. The reference readings are read using the rain data collection equipment pre-deployed at the monitoring equipment and the rainfall distribution trend is determined. When the reference reading exceeds the preset threshold, the rainfall event is recorded, and the corresponding rainfall acquisition device is defined as the target device. The location data of the target device is obtained, the mobile rain station outside the rainfall range is found, and several available points are obtained. The location data, the rainfall distribution trend of the available points and the rainfall event are written into the preset template to generate an observation task, which is published to the preset platform, and the position of the mobile rain station is adjusted. The number of rainfall events occurring in each monitoring device is calculated. Based on the number of occurrences, a preset number of monitoring devices are selected, and their locations are defined as backup locations. The backup locations are then sent to a preset terminal.

2. The method for optimizing the layout of rain gauge networks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps of collecting social activity data within a preset range, selecting the deployment locations of rain gauges, and identifying observation blind spots include: Draw a planar distribution map of the preset area, and mark the deployment points and temporary monitoring points on the planar distribution map; Record the lifecycle of the observation mission and update the planar distribution map after the observation mission ends.

3. The method for optimizing the layout of rain gauge networks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps of collecting sensor data from the mobile rain gauge and drawing a rain distribution map within a preset range and delineating the rainfall area when rainy weather occurs include: The rainfall area is overlaid onto the rain distribution map to create a hotspot distribution map, and the deployment locations are adjusted accordingly. Using the location of the monitoring equipment, an inspection route is generated and uploaded to the preset platform.

4. The method for optimizing the layout of rain gauge networks according to claim 3, characterized in that, The step of refreshing the observation blind zone and locating the monitoring equipment located within the observation blind zone includes: Acquire multimodal data within a preset range, wherein the multimodal data includes at least: remote sensing data, hydrological data, and mobile sensing data; Based on the multimodal data and rainfall distribution trends, abnormal readings in the reference readings are identified, and the locations of the monitoring devices corresponding to the abnormal readings are inserted into the inspection route.

5. The method for optimizing the layout of rain gauge networks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps of acquiring the location data of the target device, locating mobile rain stations outside the rainfall range, and obtaining several available locations include: Determine the changing trend of the rainfall area, generate additional tasks, and establish the correspondence between the changing trend and the additional tasks; The changing trend and rainfall range are uploaded to a preset platform, registered users of the preset platform are identified, feedback from registered users is received, and the changing trend and rainfall range are corrected.

6. The method for optimizing the layout of rain gauge networks according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of recording a rainfall event when the reference reading exceeds a preset threshold includes: The influencing factors of the preset threshold are determined, wherein the influencing factors include at least: the season and the location data; Establish a one-to-one correspondence between reference readings and preset thresholds, and construct a comparison table.

7. The method for optimizing the layout of rain gauge networks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of calculating the number of rainfall events occurring in each monitoring device and selecting a preset number of monitoring devices based on the number of occurrences includes: All monitoring devices are sorted in descending order of frequency of occurrence to generate a queue; Select a preset number of monitoring devices from the front of the queue, and define the location of the selected monitoring devices as the standby location.

8. A rain gauge network layout optimization system, characterized in that, The system includes: The offset module is used to collect social activity data within a preset range, select the deployment location of rain gauges, identify observation blind spots, determine the temporary monitoring location of mobile rain gauges, acquire historical meteorological data within the monitoring range, and offset the temporary monitoring location. The data acquisition module is used to collect sensor data from the mobile rain gauge station. When rainy weather arrives, it draws a rain distribution map within a preset range, delineates the rainfall range, refreshes the observation blind zone, and locates the monitoring equipment located within the observation blind zone. The monitoring equipment includes at least: video monitoring equipment. Using rain data acquisition equipment pre-deployed at the monitoring equipment, it reads reference readings and determines the rainfall distribution trend. The adjustment module is used to record rainfall events when the reference reading exceeds a preset threshold, define the corresponding rainfall acquisition device as the target device, obtain the location data of the target device, find the mobile rain station outside the rainfall range, obtain several available points, write the location data, the rainfall distribution trend of the available points and the rainfall events into a preset template, generate an observation task, publish it to a preset platform, and adjust the position of the mobile rain station. The sending module is used to calculate the number of times rainfall events occur in each monitoring device, select a preset number of monitoring devices based on the number of occurrences, define their locations as backup locations, and send the backup locations to a preset terminal.

9. The rain gauge network layout optimization system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The offset module includes: The marking unit is used to draw a planar distribution map of a preset range and mark the deployment points and temporary monitoring points on the planar distribution map; The update unit is used to record the lifecycle of the observation task and update the planar distribution map after the observation task is completed.

10. The rain gauge network layout optimization system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The acquisition module includes: The overlay unit is used to overlay the rainfall range onto the rain distribution map, draw a hotspot distribution map, and adjust the deployment points; The uploading unit is used to generate an inspection route based on the location of the monitoring device and upload it to the preset platform. The acquisition unit is used to acquire multimodal data within a preset range, wherein the multimodal data includes at least: remote sensing data, hydrological data and mobile sensing data; The insertion unit is used to traverse the abnormal readings in the reference readings through the multimodal data and rainfall distribution trends, and insert the location of the monitoring equipment corresponding to the abnormal readings into the inspection route.

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