Virtual power plant power transaction management and control method, apparatus and device, and storage medium

Abstract

The invention relates to a virtual power plant power transaction management and control method, device and equipment and a storage medium. According to the invention, the power distribution equipment in the power distribution center obtains the power transaction agreement between the power seller of the virtual power plant and the power consumer of the virtual power plant; based on the power transaction protocol, performing compliance control on the power transaction price between the power seller and the power consumer, so that the power transaction price is within a preset power price range; obtaining quotation data of the virtual power plant; and based on the quotation data of the virtual power plant, performing optimal management and control on the output data and the online quotation of the virtual power plant, so that the electricity purchase cost of a power distribution center for purchasing electricity from the virtual power plant is minimum, and the power distribution center is arranged in a power distribution network. According to the invention, the power transaction related to the virtual power plant can be supervised and controlled through the power distribution equipment in the power distribution center, so that the power transaction behaviors and transaction prices among the power transaction subjects can accord with related specifications, and the normal operation of the power market is effectively maintained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of power technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus, equipment and storage medium for controlling power trading in a virtual power plant. Background Technology

[0002] A virtual power plant is a power coordination and management system that uses advanced information and communication technologies and software systems to aggregate and coordinate distributed energy resources such as distributed generation, energy storage systems, controllable loads, and electric vehicles, enabling it to participate in the electricity market and grid operation as a special type of power plant. As a new type of operating entity in the power sector, virtual power plants employ advanced technologies such as digitalization and intelligence to aggregate distributed power sources and adjustable loads, thereby collaboratively participating in system operation and market transactions.

[0003] Currently, virtual power plants profit from price differences based on peak-valley time-of-use pricing under the planned economy system. However, time-of-use pricing is artificially determined and cannot serve as a long-term stable mechanism to support the development of virtual power plants. Time-of-use pricing must eventually transition to real time-of-use pricing formed in the electricity spot market. From the perspective of the composition structure of virtual power plants, their operation may involve multiple stakeholders, such as distributed power generation owners, energy storage operators, and load aggregators. In the process of centralized management and coordination of these stakeholders by the virtual power plant, close information exchange and sharing exist among them.

[0004] While the trustworthy trading mechanism facilitates the overall optimization of virtual power plants, it also provides convenient conditions for collusion among various entities to negotiate prices. This could lead to some entities reaching private electricity price agreements, creating local market power, manipulating market prices, and thus disrupting the normal operation of the electricity market. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical issues, this disclosure provides a method, apparatus, equipment, and storage medium for managing and controlling virtual power plant power transactions.

[0006] The first aspect of this disclosure provides a method for controlling power trading in a virtual power plant, applicable to power distribution equipment in a distribution center located within a power distribution network. The method includes:

[0007] Obtain the electricity trading agreement reached between the electricity seller and the electricity user of the virtual power plant;

[0008] Based on the power trading agreement, the power trading price between the power seller and the power consumer is subject to compliance control so that the power trading price is within the preset price range.

[0009] Obtain pricing data from virtual power plants;

[0010] Based on the bidding data of virtual power plants, the output data and grid connection bids of virtual power plants are optimally managed to minimize the electricity purchase cost for distribution centers when purchasing electricity from virtual power plants.

[0011] A second aspect of this disclosure provides a virtual power plant power trading control device, comprising:

[0012] The first acquisition module is used to acquire the power transaction agreement reached between the power seller and the power consumer of the virtual power plant.

[0013] The first control module is used to manage the electricity transaction price between the electricity seller and the electricity consumer in compliance with the electricity trading agreement, so as to keep the electricity transaction price within the preset price range.

[0014] The second acquisition module is used to acquire quotation data from virtual power plants;

[0015] The second control module is used to optimize the output data and grid connection price of virtual power plants based on their bidding data, so as to minimize the cost of purchasing electricity from virtual power plants by the distribution center.

[0016] A third aspect of this disclosure provides a power distribution device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program that, when executed by the processor, can implement the virtual power plant power trading control method of the first aspect described above.

[0017] The fourth aspect of this disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, can implement the virtual power plant power trading control method of the first aspect described above.

[0018] The technical solution provided in this disclosure has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0019] This disclosure obtains the power trading agreement reached between the seller and consumer of a virtual power plant through the power distribution equipment in the distribution center; based on the power trading agreement, it implements compliance control over the power trading price between the seller and consumer to ensure that the power trading price is within a preset price range; it obtains the quotation data of the virtual power plant; and based on the quotation data of the virtual power plant, it optimizes the output data and grid connection quotation of the virtual power plant to minimize the purchase cost of electricity from the virtual power plant for the distribution center, which is located in the distribution network. This disclosure can supervise and control the power trading between the seller and consumer of the virtual power plant, and the power trading between the distribution center and the virtual power plant through the power distribution equipment in the distribution center, ensuring that the power trading behavior and prices of all power trading entities comply with relevant regulations and effectively maintaining the normal operation of the power market. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure.

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a virtual power plant power trading management method provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for managing electricity transactions between a seller and a consumer in a virtual power plant, as provided in this embodiment of the disclosure.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of a power transaction management method between a power distribution center and a virtual power plant, provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a virtual power plant power trading control device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a power distribution device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this disclosure, the solutions disclosed herein will be further described below. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described herein can be combined with each other.

[0028] Numerous specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of this disclosure, but this disclosure may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; obviously, the embodiments in the specification are only some, and not all, of the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0029] It should be understood that the steps described in the method embodiments of this disclosure may be performed in different orders and / or in parallel. Furthermore, the method embodiments may include additional steps and / or omit the steps shown. The scope of this disclosure is not limited in this respect.

[0030] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0031] It should be noted that the terms "a" and "a plurality of" used in this disclosure are illustrative rather than restrictive, and those skilled in the art should understand that, unless otherwise expressly indicated in the context, they should be understood as "one or more".

[0032] The virtual power plant power trading management method provided in this disclosure can be executed by power distribution equipment in a power distribution center. The power distribution center is located in the power distribution network. The power distribution center can be understood as a power distribution network company. The power distribution equipment can be understood as any kind of device with processing and computing capabilities. The device can include, but is not limited to, mobile terminals such as smartphones, laptops, and tablets (PADs), as well as fixed electronic devices such as servers, digital TVs, and desktop computers.

[0033] To better understand the inventive concept of the embodiments of this disclosure, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure will be described below in conjunction with exemplary embodiments.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a virtual power plant power trading management method provided in this disclosure embodiment. This method can be executed by power distribution equipment in a power distribution center, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the virtual power plant power trading management method provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0035] Step 110: Obtain the power trading agreement reached between the power seller and the power consumer of the virtual power plant.

[0036] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the electricity seller of the virtual power plant can be understood as the virtual power plant that sells electricity or the electricity selling entity within the virtual power plant.

[0037] The electricity user of a virtual power plant can be understood as either the virtual power plant that purchases electricity or the electricity purchasing entity within the virtual power plant.

[0038] The power distribution equipment in the power distribution center can communicate with the electricity sellers and users of the virtual power plant.

[0039] After the electricity seller and the electricity consumer of a virtual power plant reach an electricity trading agreement, both parties can store the agreement in a database. The power distribution equipment can then retrieve the electricity trading agreement from this database. The database can be understood as a shared database used by all virtual power plants and power distribution equipment in the distribution center.

[0040] Step 120: Based on the power trading agreement, conduct compliance control on the power trading price between the power seller and the power consumer to ensure that the power trading price is within the preset price range.

[0041] In this embodiment of the disclosure, after obtaining the power trading agreement reached between the power seller and the power consumer of the virtual power plant, the power distribution equipment can, based on the power trading agreement, conduct compliance control on the power trading price between the power seller and the power consumer, so that the power trading price is within the preset price range.

[0042] The preset electricity price range can be set as needed. For example, the preset electricity price range can be determined based on the current on-grid electricity price and the current electricity consumption price. There is no limitation here.

[0043] For example, a preset electricity price range can be determined based on a preset profit distribution strategy, and the preset electricity price range satisfies the preset profit distribution strategy.

[0044] Pre-defined benefit distribution strategies may include incentive compatibility, individual rationality, maximization of social welfare, and balance of income and expenditure.

[0045] Incentive compatibility refers to ensuring that, when implementing a benefit allocation strategy, all participants can achieve the most beneficial outcome by making decisions based on their true preferences. This requires that individual profit-seeking behavior align with the goal of maximizing collective value. Incentive compatibility ensures the authenticity of information, thereby making allocation strategies more efficient.

[0046] The property of individual rationality ensures that participants can at least maintain their own utility. This is the foundation for ensuring voluntary participation and a fundamental condition that must be considered when designing benefit distribution strategies. If a benefit distribution strategy cannot guarantee the minimum utility of individuals, participants may choose to withdraw, leading to the inability to conduct transactions normally.

[0047] Maximizing social welfare means that a strategy for distributing benefits should aim to maximize the overall utility of society, not just the interests of a select few. This typically involves the optimal allocation of resources to achieve maximum efficiency. This property emphasizes the balance between fairness and efficiency and is a key criterion for evaluating the success of a benefit distribution strategy. It employs Pareto efficiency, an important tool in economic theory.

[0048] The principle of break-even means that total revenue must at least cover total expenditure during the operation of a profit distribution strategy. For virtual power plants, break-even implies that the entire market profit distribution strategy operates without relying on external subsidies. In the design of virtual power plant profit distribution mechanisms, to ensure that distributed resources bid based on their actual production costs and supply capacity and to guarantee their profitability in the market, appropriate subsidies or economic incentives are often required. In pursuing the maximization of overall social welfare, considering the efficiency and reliability of the power system while reducing carbon emissions and other environmental impacts, subsidies are needed for certain less profitable resources to encourage their participation in the market. This results in total market revenue not fully covering total expenditure.

[0049] Step 130: Obtain the quotation data of the virtual power plant.

[0050] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the power distribution equipment can obtain the quotation data of the virtual power plant from the database.

[0051] The bidding data for virtual power plants can include their grid connection bids, output power, and load.

[0052] Step 140: Based on the bidding data of the virtual power plant, optimize the output data and grid connection bidding of the virtual power plant to minimize the electricity purchase cost of the distribution center when purchasing electricity from the virtual power plant.

[0053] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the power distribution equipment can perform optimal management of the output data and grid connection price of the virtual power plant based on the bidding data of the virtual power plant, so as to minimize the power purchase cost of the power distribution center when purchasing electricity from the virtual power plant.

[0054] Therefore, the power transactions between the sellers and consumers of the virtual power plant, as well as between the power distribution center and the virtual power plant, can be supervised and controlled through the power distribution equipment in the power distribution center. This ensures that the power transaction behavior and prices among the various power trading entities comply with relevant regulations, effectively maintaining the normal operation of the power market.

[0055] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for managing electricity transactions between a seller and a consumer in a virtual power plant, as provided in this embodiment. This method can be executed by power distribution equipment in a power distribution center, such as... Figure 2As shown in this embodiment, the power transaction management method between the power seller and the power consumer of the virtual power plant includes the following steps:

[0056] Step 210: Obtain the power trading agreement reached between the power seller and the power consumer of the virtual power plant.

[0057] Step 220: Determine whether the agreed electricity price in the electricity trading agreement is within the preset price range.

[0058] Step 230: When the agreed electricity price is within the preset price range, the electricity seller and the electricity consumer are allowed to conduct electricity transactions based on the agreed electricity price in the electricity trading agreement.

[0059] Specifically, when the agreed electricity price is within the preset price range, the power distribution equipment can set the permission flag of the power trading agreement in the corresponding database table, allowing the power seller and the power consumer to conduct power transactions based on the power trading agreement. After the power seller and the power consumer recognize the permission flag of the power trading agreement, they can start to conduct power transactions based on the agreed electricity price in the power trading agreement.

[0060] Step 240: Settle the fees for the electricity transaction between the electricity seller and the electricity user.

[0061] Specifically, the power distribution equipment can calculate the product of the agreed on-grid electricity price and the electricity consumption of the power user to obtain the first fee; pay the first fee to the power seller; calculate the agreed on electricity price and the electricity consumption of the power user to obtain the second fee; and collect the second fee from the power user.

[0062] Step 250: When the agreed electricity price is outside the preset price range, the electricity seller and the electricity consumer shall be prohibited from conducting electricity transactions based on the electricity trading agreement.

[0063] Specifically, when the agreed electricity price is outside the preset price range, the power distribution equipment can set a prohibition flag for the power trading agreement in the corresponding database table, prohibiting the power seller and the power consumer from conducting power transactions based on the power trading agreement. After the power seller and the power consumer recognize the prohibition flag of the power trading agreement, they will suspend the power transaction based on the power trading agreement, and then update the agreed price in the power trading agreement, and the power distribution equipment will review the agreed electricity price again.

[0064] In some embodiments, the contracted electricity price in the electricity trading agreement may include the contracted feed-in electricity price and the contracted electricity consumption price; the preset price range may include a preset range of contracted feed-in electricity price and a preset range of contracted electricity price.

[0065] The above-mentioned determination of whether the agreed electricity price in the power trading agreement is within the preset electricity price range, the power distribution equipment can determine whether the agreed on-grid electricity price in the power trading agreement is within the preset agreed on-grid electricity price range and whether the agreed electricity consumption price in the power trading agreement is within the preset agreed on electricity price range;

[0066] When the agreed electricity price is within the preset price range, the electricity seller and the electricity user are allowed to conduct electricity transactions based on the electricity trading agreement. When the agreed on-grid electricity price and the agreed electricity user price are within the preset agreed on-grid electricity price range, the power distribution equipment is allowed to conduct electricity transactions based on the agreed on-grid electricity price and the agreed electricity user price in the electricity trading agreement.

[0067] The above-mentioned prohibition on electricity transactions between electricity sellers and electricity users based on electricity trading agreements when the agreed on-grid electricity price is outside the preset price range. For power distribution equipment, the prohibition on electricity transactions between electricity sellers and electricity users based on electricity trading agreements may also apply when the agreed on-grid electricity price or the agreed on-grid electricity price is outside the preset price range.

[0068] Therefore, the power transactions between the sellers and consumers of the virtual power plant can be monitored and controlled through the power distribution equipment in the power distribution center. This ensures that the power transaction behavior and prices between the sellers and consumers comply with relevant regulations, effectively maintaining the normal operation of the power market.

[0069] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating a power transaction management method between a power distribution center and a virtual power plant, provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. This method can be executed by power distribution equipment within a power distribution center, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the power transaction management method between the distribution center and the virtual power plant provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0070] Step 310: Obtain the quotation data of the virtual power plant.

[0071] Step 320: Based on the bidding data of the virtual power plant, calculate the optimal output data and optimal grid connection price of the virtual power plant. Under the optimal output data and optimal grid connection price, the power purchase cost of the distribution center to purchase electricity from the virtual power plant is minimized.

[0072] Specifically, power distribution equipment can use linear programming algorithms to calculate the optimal output data and optimal grid connection price of a virtual power plant.

[0073] For example, a linear programming model can be:

[0074] The optimal objective function for minimizing the electricity purchase cost from the virtual power plant by the distribution center is:

[0075]

[0076] Where g represents the decision variable unit; NG represents the number of units in the virtual power plant (equating photovoltaic power plants, wind power plants, and energy storage power plants to units); Pg represents the grid connection bid of unit g; Cg represents the capacity of unit g; and Ug represents the actual output data of unit g.

[0077] The constraints include:

[0078] Energy balance constraints:

[0079] Unit capacity constraint: 0≤U g ≤C g g = 1, ..., NG;

[0080] Branch capacity constraints:

[0081] Step 330: Send the optimal power output data and the optimal grid connection bid to the virtual power plant so that the virtual power plant can generate electricity according to the optimal power output data and submit a bid to the distribution network according to the optimal grid connection bid.

[0082] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the power distribution equipment can send the optimal output data and the optimal grid connection bid to the virtual power plant, and the virtual power plant can generate electricity according to the optimal output data and submit a bid to the distribution network according to the optimal grid connection bid.

[0083] Therefore, the power transactions between the distribution center and the virtual power plant can be monitored and controlled through the power distribution equipment in the distribution center. This ensures that the power transaction behavior and transaction prices between the distribution center and the virtual power plant comply with relevant regulations, effectively maintaining the normal operation of the power market.

[0084] In some embodiments of this disclosure, electricity transactions between electricity sellers and electricity consumers can be conducted based on digital currency, and electricity transactions between distribution centers and virtual power plants can also be conducted based on digital currency.

[0085] Before obtaining the electricity trading agreement reached between the electricity seller and the electricity consumer of the virtual power plant, the power distribution equipment can also:

[0086] Based on the changing trend of electricity transaction volume between electricity sellers and electricity consumers, predict the first electricity transaction volume between electricity sellers and electricity consumers within a preset future time frame;

[0087] Based on the changing trend of electricity trading volume between the distribution center and the virtual power plant, predict the second electricity trading volume between the distribution center and the virtual power plant within a preset future time period.

[0088] The sum of the first and second electricity transaction volumes is used to obtain the total electricity transaction volume within a preset future time period.

[0089] Issue digital currency corresponding to the total volume of electricity transactions.

[0090] The preset future duration can be set as needed, such as one year; there is no limit here.

[0091] In some embodiments, the power distribution equipment may also settle the digital currencies of the electricity seller, the electricity consumer, and the virtual power plant into legal tender at preset intervals.

[0092] The preset duration can be set as needed, such as one month; there is no limit here.

[0093] This allows electricity transactions between various electricity trading entities to be conducted using digital currency, which can improve the security of electricity transactions.

[0094] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the power distribution center and the virtual power plant can be service nodes in a blockchain network; the blockchain network can be used to generate and record power transaction data between power sellers and power consumers, as well as power transaction data between the power distribution center and the virtual power plant, based on distributed ledger technology and consensus network.

[0095] Electricity trading data can include electricity trading agreements, price quotes, etc.

[0096] Blockchain is a decentralized distributed ledger that is stored in blocks, is immutable, secure and reliable. It combines technologies such as distributed storage, peer-to-peer transmission, consensus mechanisms, and cryptography to record transactions and information through a continuously growing chain of data blocks, ensuring data security.

[0097] Distributed ledger technology (DLT) is a database technology characterized by a record system distributed across different locations and maintained collaboratively by multiple participants. Unlike traditional centralized databases, DLT does not have a central authority managing the data. Instead, it relies on each node in the network to jointly verify, store, and update the data, thereby improving data transparency, security, and immutability.

[0098] A consensus network is a program through which all peers in a blockchain network reach a common agreement on the current state of the distributed ledger. In this way, the consensus network achieves the reliability of the blockchain network and establishes trust among unknown peers in a distributed computing environment.

[0099] Therefore, electricity transaction data between electricity sellers and consumers, as well as between distribution centers and virtual power plants, can be recorded based on blockchain networks. By using distributed ledger technology to establish a trusted and autonomous trading platform, the security of electricity transaction data can be improved.

[0100] For example, the virtual power plant's electricity seller, the virtual power plant's electricity consumer, the virtual power plant itself, and the distribution center are considered as electricity trading entities. When electricity transactions occur between these entities, they quote prices using digital currency. Once two entities reach a trading agreement, a consensus network completes the transaction settlement and energy flow. The consensus algorithm uses the RPCA algorithm from the Ripple payment system, resulting in a consortium blockchain consensus mechanism with extremely fast transaction confirmation speeds while ensuring strong scalability and low consensus costs for the entire consensus network. The digital currency transaction process overseen by the distribution center is completed in the following six steps:

[0101] ① The power distribution center determines the total amount of electricity transactions within a preset future timeframe.

[0102] ② Price quotes from various power trading entities.

[0103] Each power trading entity calculates the amount of digital currency to be paid or received based on power generation and grid connection bids.

[0104] ③ Generate a contract and send it to the blockchain.

[0105] After each power trading entity calculates the amount of digital currency to be paid or received based on power generation and grid connection quotes, and this calculation is monitored by the distribution center, a purchase and sale contract (P / S contract) is signed with the corresponding trading party. Similar to a check, the P / S contract allows users to create deferred payments that can be canceled or cashed by the intended recipient. The P / S contract begins with the sender of funds, creating a contract specifying the amount and the payee. The recipient cashes the contract, transferring funds from the sender's account to the payee's account. Money cannot be moved until the recipient cashes the contract. Because the funds are not held when the contract is created, cashing the contract may fail, just like with a traditional check, if the sender does not have sufficient funds when the payee attempts to cash it. If a check fails to cash, the sender can retry until the contract expires.

[0106] Contracts often require encryption, which can be achieved using algorithms such as Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA). ECDSA is a variation of digital signature algorithms based on elliptic curve cryptography. Compared to RSA-based digital signature algorithms, ECDSA significantly reduces the public key length required for signature computation. For example, for an 80-bit security signature, ECDSA requires only twice the public key length (160 bits), while RSA requires at least 1024 bits for the same security level. With the same public key length, ECDSA's security level represents a longer number of bits than RSA's. A longer security level means better security and greater difficulty in attack, making ECDSA's advantages over RSA clear in applications.

[0107] ECDSA is based on DSA, which defines the basic steps of digital signature generation and verification. By comparison, it can be seen that ECDSA follows these definitions of DSA, but in some specific steps, it adopts elliptic curve operations.

[0108] ④ Blockchain consensus on contracts.

[0109] The Byzantine Generals Problem arises in peer-to-peer interactions within distributed networks (how can all generals reach a consensus to attack the Byzantine Empire? It's not as simple as sitting down for a meeting; some generals are unpredictable and hypocritical, and there may be traitors, leading to various other problems). However, in such distributed payment systems, the need for synchronous communication between nodes results in relatively low consensus efficiency.

[0110] In this algorithm, to reduce the cost of such synchronous communication, a scheme is used where sub-networks trust each other, and these internally trusted sub-networks form a larger network. Here, the trust cost of sub-networks is very low and can be further reduced to the atomic selection of other nodes within a sub-network by a network node. Furthermore, to maintain the consistency of data across all nodes in the network, the required connectivity between sub-networks cannot be less than a certain threshold. To describe the algorithm, some basic concepts are defined first:

[0111] A service node is a blockchain node that can receive transactions. There are two types: validator nodes and non-validator nodes. Validator nodes are nodes that have been added to the trust list by other nodes and can participate in the consensus process. Non-validator nodes do not participate in the consensus process.

[0112] Blocks record transactions. In RPCA (Ripple Consensus Algorithm, a consensus algorithm applied to distributed payment systems), there are two types of blocks that are particularly important: the most recently closed block, which is the most recently agreed-upon block, and the open block, which is the block currently being agreed upon. Once an open block is agreed upon, it becomes the new most recently closed block.

[0113] UNL (Unique Node List) is a list of trusted nodes maintained by each service node. Trust here means that nodes in this list will not collude to cheat. Clearly, the power distribution company node must be added to the UNL.

[0114] During the consensus process, this algorithm only accepts votes from nodes in the trusted node list. The Unlimited Level (UNL) is specified by adding the public keys of other validating nodes to the configuration file.

[0115] At the start of consensus, each node collects as many transactions as possible that require consensus and puts them into the "candidate set".

[0116] Each node performs a union of the "candidate set" in its list of trusted nodes and votes on each transaction;

[0117] In UNL, service nodes exchange voting results for transactions. Transactions that reach a certain voting ratio will enter the next round, while transactions that do not reach the required ratio will either be discarded or enter the candidate set for the next consensus process.

[0118] In the final round, all transactions that receive more than a preset percentage (e.g., 80%) of votes will be placed into a consensus-reached transaction set, and the data structure of the transaction set can be a Merkle tree.

[0119] After the transaction set is formed, each node begins to package new blocks. The process of packaging blocks is as follows:

[0120] Combine the current block number, the Merkle root hash of the consensus transaction set, the parent block hash, the current timestamp, and other information to calculate a block hash;

[0121] Each node broadcasts its derived block hash to the nodes it can see, which are nodes that can be discovered through the node discovery process.

[0122] After a node collects the block hashes broadcast by all nodes in its trusted list, it combines them with its own generated block hash and calculates a proportion for each block hash. If the proportion of a certain hash exceeds a threshold (usually 80%), it recognizes this hash as a consensus-passed block hash. If its own hash matches, it means its packaged block has been confirmed and is a new consensus-passed block, which is directly stored locally, and its state is updated. If its own hash differs from the consensus-passed hash, it needs to request the new block information from a node with the correct block hash, store it locally, and update its current state.

[0123] If the hash of a block does not exceed the set threshold, the consensus process restarts until the conditions are met.

[0124] ⑤ The two parties complete the digital currency payment.

[0125] ⑥ The two parties to the transaction complete the energy exchange.

[0126] In some embodiments of this disclosure, in addition to obtaining the power trading agreement reached between the power seller and the power consumer of the virtual power plant, the power distribution equipment can also obtain an encrypted power trading agreement reached between the power seller and the power consumer of the virtual power plant. The encrypted power trading agreement is obtained by encrypting the power trading agreement based on a preset encryption method by the power seller and / or the power consumer. The preset encryption method is an encryption method agreed upon by the power seller, the power consumer, and the power distribution center. The encrypted power trading agreement is decrypted based on a preset decryption method corresponding to the preset encryption method to obtain the decrypted power trading agreement.

[0127] The preset encryption method can be set as needed; there are no restrictions here.

[0128] For example, the preset encryption method can be a fractional transform encryption algorithm. Fractional transform encryption is an encryption technique based on nonlinear mathematical transformations, often used to enhance the security of block ciphers or directly for data obfuscation. Its core principle is to nonlinearly map the plaintext using specific fractional functions (such as linear fractional transforms or fractional Fourier transforms) to generate ciphertext that is difficult to reverse-derive.

[0129] The fractional transformation encryption algorithm can extract the power trading protocol data in four-byte increments and treat the extracted numbers as floating-point numbers. Therefore, the power trading protocol consists of a series of floating-point numbers. Considering that the original length of the power trading protocol is not a multiple of four, corresponding bits are added to the end of the original protocol to make it a multiple of four, with four cases:

[0130] The original text length is exactly a multiple of four, so adding four bytes will result in the lowest four bits being 0001;

[0131] The original text length is exactly a multiple of four plus one byte. Adding three bytes will result in the lowest four bits being 0010.

[0132] The original text length is exactly a multiple of four plus two bytes. Adding two bytes will reduce its lowest four bits to 0100.

[0133] The original text length is exactly a multiple of four plus three bytes. Adding one byte will result in the lowest four bits being 1000.

[0134] Therefore, encrypting the power trading protocol before the actual transaction can improve the security of the power trading protocol, thereby improving the security of power trading.

[0135] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a virtual power plant power trading control device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. This device can be understood as the aforementioned power distribution equipment or some functional modules within the aforementioned power distribution equipment. Figure 4 As shown, the virtual power plant power trading control device 400 includes:

[0136] The first acquisition module 410 is used to acquire the power transaction agreement reached between the power seller and the power consumer of the virtual power plant.

[0137] The first control module 420 is used to control the electricity transaction price between the electricity seller and the electricity consumer in compliance with the electricity transaction agreement, so as to keep the electricity transaction price within the preset price range.

[0138] The second acquisition module 430 is used to acquire quotation data from the virtual power plant;

[0139] The second control module 440 is used to perform optimal control on the output data and grid connection price of the virtual power plant based on the bidding data of the virtual power plant, so as to minimize the electricity purchase cost of the distribution center when purchasing electricity from the virtual power plant.

[0140] Optionally, the aforementioned first control module includes:

[0141] The judgment submodule is used to determine whether the agreed electricity price in the electricity trading agreement is within the preset electricity price range;

[0142] The allow submodule is configured to allow the electricity seller and the electricity consumer to conduct electricity transactions based on the agreed electricity price in the electricity trading agreement when the agreed electricity price is within a preset price range;

[0143] The settlement submodule is used to settle the fees for electricity transactions between the electricity seller and the electricity consumer.

[0144] The prohibition submodule is used to prohibit the electricity seller and the electricity consumer from conducting electricity transactions based on the electricity trading agreement when the agreed electricity price is outside the preset price range.

[0145] Optionally, the aforementioned agreed electricity price includes the agreed grid connection price and the agreed electricity consumption price, and the preset price range includes a preset agreed grid connection price range and a preset agreed electricity consumption price range;

[0146] The above-mentioned judgment submodule includes:

[0147] The judgment unit is used to determine whether the agreed on-grid electricity price in the power trading agreement is within the preset agreed on-grid electricity price range and whether the agreed electricity consumption price in the power trading agreement is within the preset agreed electricity price.

[0148] The above-mentioned allowed submodules include:

[0149] The permission unit is configured to allow the electricity seller and the electricity consumer to conduct electricity transactions based on the agreed on-grid electricity price and the agreed on-grid electricity price in the electricity trading agreement when the agreed on-grid electricity price is within the preset range and the agreed on-grid electricity price is within the preset range.

[0150] The aforementioned prohibited submodules include:

[0151] The prohibition unit is used to prohibit the electricity seller and the electricity consumer from conducting electricity transactions based on the electricity trading agreement when the agreed on-grid electricity price is outside the preset agreed on-grid electricity price range or the agreed on-consumption electricity price is outside the preset agreed on-grid electricity price range.

[0152] Optionally, the above settlement submodule includes:

[0153] The first calculation unit is used to calculate the product of the agreed on-grid electricity price and the electricity consumption of the electricity user to obtain the first fee;

[0154] A payment unit is used to pay the first fee to the electricity seller.

[0155] The second calculation unit is used to calculate the agreed electricity price and the electricity consumption of the electricity user to obtain the second fee;

[0156] A collection unit is used to collect the second fee from the electricity user.

[0157] Optionally, the second control module mentioned above includes:

[0158] The calculation submodule is used to calculate the optimal output data and optimal grid connection price of the virtual power plant based on the bidding data of the virtual power plant, so that the power purchase cost of the distribution center to purchase electricity from the virtual power plant is minimized under the optimal output data and optimal grid connection price;

[0159] The sending submodule is used to send the optimal output data and the optimal grid connection price to the virtual power plant, so that the virtual power plant generates electricity according to the optimal output data and submits a bid to the distribution network according to the optimal grid connection price.

[0160] Optionally, the electricity transactions between the electricity seller and the electricity consumer are conducted based on digital currency, and the electricity transactions between the power distribution center and the virtual power plant are also conducted based on digital currency.

[0161] The aforementioned virtual power plant power trading control device includes:

[0162] The first prediction module is used to predict the first electricity transaction volume between the electricity seller and the electricity consumer within the preset future time period based on the changing trend of the electricity transaction volume between the electricity seller and the electricity consumer.

[0163] The second prediction module is used to predict the second power transaction volume between the power distribution center and the virtual power plant within the preset future time period based on the changing trend of the power transaction volume between the power distribution center and the virtual power plant.

[0164] The summation module is used to sum the first power transaction volume and the second power transaction volume to obtain the total power transaction volume within the preset future time period;

[0165] The issuance module is used to issue the digital currency corresponding to the total electricity trading volume;

[0166] Optionally, the aforementioned virtual power plant power trading control device includes:

[0167] The settlement module is used to settle the digital currencies of the electricity seller, the electricity consumer, and the virtual power plant into legal tender at preset intervals.

[0168] Optionally, the aforementioned power distribution center and the virtual power plant are service nodes in a blockchain network;

[0169] The blockchain network is used to generate and record power transaction data between the power seller and the power consumer, as well as power transaction data between the power distribution center and the virtual power plant, based on distributed ledger technology and consensus network.

[0170] The virtual power plant power trading management device provided in this disclosure can implement the methods of any of the above embodiments, and its execution method and beneficial effects are similar, so they will not be described again here.

[0171] This disclosure also provides a power distribution device, which includes a processor and a memory. The memory stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it can implement the methods of any of the above embodiments. The execution method and beneficial effects are similar and will not be described again here.

[0172] The power distribution equipment in this disclosure embodiment can be understood as any electronic device with processing and computing capabilities. The electronic device may include, but is not limited to, mobile terminals such as smartphones, laptops, and tablet computers, as well as fixed electronic devices such as servers, digital TVs, and desktop computers.

[0173] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a power distribution device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure, as shown below. Figure 5 As shown, the power distribution equipment 500 may include a processor 510 and a memory 520. The memory 520 stores a computer program 521. When the computer program 521 is executed by the processor 510, it can implement the method provided in any of the above embodiments. The execution method and beneficial effects are similar and will not be described again here.

[0174] Of course, for the sake of simplicity, Figure 5 Only some of the components of the power distribution equipment 500 relevant to the present invention are shown in this illustration; components such as buses, input / output interfaces, input devices, and output devices are omitted. In addition, the power distribution equipment 500 may include any other suitable components depending on the specific application.

[0175] This disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it can implement the methods of any of the above embodiments. The execution method and beneficial effects are similar, and will not be described again here.

[0176] The aforementioned computer-readable storage medium may be any combination of one or more readable media. A readable medium may be a readable signal medium or a readable storage medium. A readable storage medium may, for example, include, but is not limited to, electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, apparatuses, or devices, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of readable storage media (a non-exhaustive list) include: electrical connections having one or more wires, portable disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fibers, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination thereof.

[0177] The computer program described above can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages ​​to perform the operations of the embodiments of this disclosure. These programming languages ​​include object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java and C++, as well as conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as C or similar languages. The program code can be executed entirely on the user's power distribution equipment, partially on the user's equipment, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's power distribution equipment and partially on a remote power distribution equipment, or entirely on a remote power distribution equipment or server.

[0178] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this disclosure and an explanation of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of this disclosure is not limited to technical solutions formed by specific combinations of the above-described technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by arbitrary combinations of the above-described technical features or their equivalents without departing from the above-described concept. For example, technical solutions formed by substituting the above features with (but not limited to) technical features disclosed in this disclosure that have similar functions.

[0179] Furthermore, while the operations are described in a specific order, this should not be construed as requiring these operations to be performed in the specific order shown or in a sequential order. In certain environments, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Similarly, while several specific implementation details are included in the above discussion, these should not be construed as limiting the scope of this disclosure. Certain features described in the context of individual embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features described in the context of a single embodiment may also be implemented individually or in any suitable sub-combination in multiple embodiments.

[0180] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this disclosure, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement it. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not intended to be limited.

[0181] The embodiments described herein are intended to be adapted to conform to the principles and novelty disclosed herein.

[0182] The widest range with consistent characteristics.

Claims

1. A method for controlling and managing virtual power plant electricity transactions, characterized in that, The method is applicable to power distribution equipment in a power distribution center, wherein the power distribution center is located in a power distribution network, and includes: Obtain the electricity trading agreement reached between the electricity seller and the electricity user of the virtual power plant; Based on the power trading agreement, the power trading price between the power seller and the power consumer is subject to compliance control so that the power trading price is within a preset price range. Obtain pricing data from virtual power plants; Based on the bidding data of the virtual power plant, the output data and grid connection bidding of the virtual power plant are optimally managed to minimize the electricity purchase cost of the distribution center when purchasing electricity from the virtual power plant.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of regulating the electricity transaction price between the electricity seller and the electricity consumer based on the electricity trading agreement to ensure that the first electricity transaction price remains within a preset price range includes: Determine whether the agreed electricity price in the electricity trading agreement is within the preset price range; When the agreed electricity price is within the preset price range, the electricity seller and the electricity consumer are allowed to conduct electricity transactions based on the agreed electricity price in the electricity trading agreement; Settle the fees for the electricity transactions between the electricity seller and the electricity consumer; When the agreed electricity price is outside the preset price range, the electricity seller and the electricity consumer are prohibited from conducting electricity transactions based on the electricity trading agreement.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The agreed electricity price includes the agreed grid connection price and the agreed electricity consumption price, and the preset price range includes the preset agreed grid connection price range and the preset agreed electricity consumption price range; The determination of whether the agreed electricity price in the electricity trading agreement is within the preset price range includes: Determine whether the agreed on-grid electricity price in the power trading agreement is within the preset agreed on-grid electricity price range and whether the agreed on-use electricity price in the power trading agreement is within the preset agreed on-grid electricity price; When the agreed electricity price is within the preset price range, allowing the electricity seller and the electricity consumer to conduct electricity transactions based on the agreed electricity price in the electricity trading agreement includes: When the agreed on-grid electricity price is within the preset range and the agreed on-grid electricity price is within the preset range, the electricity seller and the electricity consumer are allowed to conduct electricity transactions based on the agreed on-grid electricity price and the agreed on-grid electricity price in the electricity trading agreement; The provision that prohibits the electricity seller from engaging in electricity transactions with the electricity consumer based on the electricity trading agreement when the agreed electricity price is outside the preset price range includes: When the agreed on-grid electricity price is outside the preset agreed on-grid electricity price range or the agreed on-consumption electricity price is outside the preset agreed on-grid electricity price range, the electricity seller and the electricity consumer are prohibited from conducting electricity transactions based on the electricity trading agreement.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The settlement of fees for electricity transactions between the electricity seller and the electricity consumer includes: The first fee is obtained by multiplying the agreed on-grid electricity price and the electricity consumption of the electricity user. Pay the first fee to the electricity seller; Calculate the agreed electricity price and the electricity consumption of the electricity user to obtain the second fee; The second fee shall be charged to the electricity user.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method of optimally managing the output data and grid connection bids of the virtual power plants based on their bidding data, so as to minimize the electricity purchase cost for the distribution center when purchasing electricity from the virtual power plants, includes: Based on the bidding data of the virtual power plant, the optimal output data and optimal grid connection price of the virtual power plant are calculated. Under the optimal output data and optimal grid connection price, the power purchase cost of the distribution center to purchase electricity from the virtual power plant is minimized. The optimal power output data and the optimal grid connection bid are sent to the virtual power plant so that the virtual power plant can generate electricity according to the optimal power output data and submit a bid to the distribution network according to the optimal grid connection bid.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electricity transactions between the electricity seller and the electricity consumer are conducted based on digital currency, and the electricity transactions between the power distribution center and the virtual power plant are also conducted based on digital currency. Before obtaining the electricity trading agreement reached between the electricity seller and the electricity consumer of the virtual power plant, the method further includes: Based on the changing trend of the electricity transaction volume between the electricity seller and the electricity consumer, the first electricity transaction volume between the electricity seller and the electricity consumer within a preset future time period is predicted; Based on the changing trend of the power transaction volume between the power distribution center and the virtual power plant, predict the second power transaction volume between the power distribution center and the virtual power plant within the preset future time period; The first power transaction volume and the second power transaction volume are summed to obtain the total power transaction volume within the preset future time period; Issue digital currency corresponding to the total electricity trading volume; The method further includes: At preset intervals, the digital currencies of the electricity seller, the electricity consumer, and the virtual power plant are converted into legal tender.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power distribution center and the virtual power plant are service nodes in the blockchain network; The blockchain network is used to generate and record power transaction data between the power seller and the power consumer, as well as power transaction data between the power distribution center and the virtual power plant, based on distributed ledger technology and consensus network.

8. A virtual power plant power trading control device, characterized in that, include: The first acquisition module is used to acquire the power transaction agreement reached between the power seller and the power consumer of the virtual power plant. The first control module is used to conduct compliance control on the electricity transaction price between the electricity seller and the electricity consumer based on the electricity trading agreement, so as to keep the electricity transaction price within the preset price range. The second acquisition module is used to acquire quotation data from virtual power plants; The second control module is used to optimize the output data and grid connection price of the virtual power plant based on the bidding data of the virtual power plant, so as to minimize the electricity purchase cost of the distribution center from the virtual power plant.

9. A power distribution device, characterized in that, include: A memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program that, when executed by the processor, implements the virtual power plant power trading control method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the virtual power plant power trading control method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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