Heat dissipation assembly, thermal management system, and energy storage system

Abstract

This application provides a heat dissipation assembly, a thermal management system, and an energy storage system. The heat dissipation assembly includes a condenser, a working fluid storage tank, a fan, and an atomizer. The working fluid storage tank is configured to store a heat exchange working fluid. The fan has an outlet and an inlet, with the outlet facing the condenser. The atomizer is connected to the working fluid storage tank via a pipe and is configured to atomize the heat exchange working fluid and deliver it to the inlet. By installing an atomizer at the fan inlet, this application allows the fan to form a gas-liquid mixed two-phase working fluid to dissipate heat and cool the condenser. This increases the specific heat capacity, density, and thermal conductivity of the heat exchange working fluid, thereby improving its heat exchange capacity and thus enhancing the condenser's heat dissipation efficiency. Consequently, at a given heat exchange power, the fan speed can be reduced, thereby reducing the noise generated by the fan and effectively reducing the noise of the energy storage system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of energy storage technology, specifically to a heat dissipation assembly, a thermal management system, and an energy storage system. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, battery energy storage systems are systems that use battery packs as the core energy storage carrier, achieving flexible energy dispatch through the storage and release of electrical energy. During charging and discharging, the battery cells within the battery pack undergo chemical reactions, continuously generating heat. Excessive cell operating temperature reduces cell performance and affects the lifespan of the energy storage system. Therefore, a thermal management system is needed for the battery pack. Currently, the mainstream thermal management system used in energy storage systems is bottom liquid cooling. Low-temperature coolant circulates into the battery pack and, after passing through a heat transfer device at the bottom of the battery pack, carries away the heat dissipated by the battery pack, thus continuously cooling the battery pack.

[0003] In thermal management systems, liquid chillers provide power for the continuous circulation of coolant and regulate its temperature. Liquid chillers generate noise during operation, and this noise is the primary source of noise in energy storage systems. However, the market has strict requirements for the noise levels of energy storage systems. For example, the noise level of an energy storage system must be less than 45 dB during nighttime operation. Taking a 5MWh energy storage system as an example, this system typically requires a liquid chiller with a heat exchange capacity of 60 kW, resulting in a noise level between 75 dB and 80 dB. This leads to a relatively high noise level, making it difficult to meet market requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Embodiments of this application provide a heat dissipation assembly, a thermal management system, and an energy storage system, which can improve the problem of excessive operating noise in energy storage systems.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a heat dissipation assembly, comprising:

[0006] Condenser;

[0007] The working fluid storage tank is configured to store the heat exchange working fluid;

[0008] A fan has an air outlet and an air inlet, the air outlet facing the condenser; and

[0009] An atomizer is connected to the working fluid storage tank via a pipe. The atomizer is configured to atomize the heat exchange working fluid and send it to the air inlet.

[0010] In some embodiments, the condenser includes a body and a plurality of heat dissipation fins, the plurality of heat dissipation fins being sequentially and spaced apart on the outer surface of the body and thermally coupled to the body; a first heat dissipation channel is defined between two adjacent heat dissipation fins, one end of the first heat dissipation channel facing the fan; wherein the fan blows at least a portion of the blown fluid toward the first heat dissipation channel.

[0011] In some embodiments, the condenser further includes a baffle disposed on the side of the plurality of heat dissipation fins opposite to the body.

[0012] In some embodiments, the heat dissipation fins are all connected to the baffle.

[0013] In some embodiments, the baffle has an inner cavity in which a phase change material is disposed.

[0014] In some embodiments, a first opening is provided on the side of the baffle away from the heat dissipation fins, and the first opening communicates with the inner cavity; an elastic membrane is provided in the first opening, and the periphery of the elastic membrane is connected to the baffle to close the first opening.

[0015] In some embodiments, each of the heat dissipation fins is provided with a flow hole on the side near the body, and the flow hole is connected to the adjacent first heat dissipation channel.

[0016] In some embodiments, the heat exchange medium is one or more of deionized water, hydrocarbon synthetic oil, and fluorinated liquid with phase change.

[0017] In some embodiments, the working fluid storage tank is located below the condenser, and the working fluid storage tank has a second opening on the side facing the condenser; wherein, in a horizontal projection, the projection of the condenser is located within the projection of the second opening.

[0018] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a thermal management system, including:

[0019] compressor;

[0020] In the aforementioned heat dissipation assembly, one end of the condenser is connected to one end of the compressor; and

[0021] A first heat exchanger has a first heat exchange channel and a second heat exchange channel, the first heat exchange channel being connected to the other end of the condenser and the other end of the compressor, and the second heat exchange channel being configured to be connected in series with a heat transfer device.

[0022] In some embodiments, the thermal management system further includes a second heat exchanger having a third heat exchange channel configured to be connected in parallel with the heat transfer device; wherein the second heat exchanger is located between the fan and the condenser to cool the fluid blown out by the fan.

[0023] In some embodiments, the surface of the second heat exchanger is provided with a plurality of parallel heat exchange fins, and a second heat dissipation channel is formed between two adjacent heat exchange fins. The extension direction of the second heat dissipation channel is parallel to the air outlet direction of the fan.

[0024] In some embodiments, a plurality of the heat exchange fins are disposed on the same side surface of the second heat exchanger.

[0025] In some embodiments, the heat exchange fins are provided with cavities inside, and the cavities are all connected to the third heat exchange channel.

[0026] In some embodiments, the second heat exchanger includes two plates disposed opposite to each other, each plate being provided with the third heat exchange channel, and the heat exchange fins being disposed between the two plates.

[0027] In some embodiments, the thermal management system further includes a water pump connected in series with the second heat exchange channel; and / or, the thermal management system further includes a data acquisition component, of which there are two, and the two data acquisition components are respectively disposed at both ends of the second heat exchange channel; wherein the data acquisition component is used to acquire at least one of the temperature information and pressure information of the fluid.

[0028] In some embodiments, the thermal management system further includes a high-pressure reservoir and an electronic expansion valve connected between the condenser and the first heat exchanger, the electronic expansion valve being located between the high-pressure reservoir and the first heat exchanger; and / or, the first heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger.

[0029] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an energy storage system, comprising:

[0030] Battery pack, with heat transfer device; and

[0031] In the aforementioned thermal management system, the second heat exchange channel is connected in series with the heat transfer device.

[0032] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of this application are as follows:

[0033] In the embodiments of this application, by installing an atomizer at the air inlet of the fan, a two-phase working fluid of gas-liquid mixture can be formed by the fan to dissipate heat and cool the condenser. This increases the specific heat capacity, density, and thermal conductivity of the heat exchange working fluid, thereby improving its heat exchange capacity and thus enhancing the condenser's heat dissipation efficiency. Consequently, at a given heat exchange power, the fan speed can be reduced, thereby lowering the noise generated by the fan and effectively reducing the noise of the energy storage system. Attached Figure Description

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a thermal management system in related technologies;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the heat dissipation assembly provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a top view of the heat dissipation assembly provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the baffle provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a side view of the heat dissipation fins and condenser body provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0040] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the thermal management system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the second heat exchanger provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of another second heat exchanger provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 9 This is a structural block diagram of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0044] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0045] 1- Thermal management system;

[0046] 11-Condenser; 111-Heat dissipation fins; 112-First heat dissipation channel; 113-Body; 114-Baffle; 1141-Inner cavity; 1142-First opening; 115-Elastic membrane; 116-Phase change material; 117-Flow pore;

[0047] 12-Fan; 121-Air inlet; 122-Air outlet;

[0048] 20 - Second heat exchanger; 21 - Heat exchange fins; 21a - Cavity; 21b - Second heat dissipation channel; 22 - Plate; 22a - Third heat exchange flow channel;

[0049] 30 - First heat exchanger; 31 - First heat exchange channel; 32 - Second heat exchange channel; 33 - Heat exchanger;

[0050] 13-Compressor; 15-Water pump; 16-Expanding working fluid storage tank; 17-High pressure liquid receiver; 18-Electronic expansion valve; 19-Pressure sensor;

[0051] 40 - Data acquisition component; 41 - Temperature sensor; 42 - PTC heater; 43 - Liquid cooler;

[0052] 2-Energy storage system;

[0053] 3-Battery pack; 301-Heat transfer device;

[0054] 50-Heat dissipation assembly; 51-Working fluid storage box; 511-Second opening; 52-Atomizer; 53-Pipe; 54-Heat exchange working fluid; 514-Water droplet. Detailed Implementation

[0055] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0056] Furthermore, it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative and explanatory purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0057] The terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a product that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such a product.

[0058] Before introducing the heat dissipation assembly, thermal management system and energy storage system provided in the embodiments of this application, the relevant technologies of this application will be introduced first.

[0059] like Figure 1 As shown, the thermal management system of the energy storage system includes a liquid chiller and a PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) heater. The liquid chiller comprises a compressor, a condenser, a high-pressure liquid receiver, an expansion valve, and a heat exchanger, all connected in a loop via piping. One channel within the heat exchanger connects to the compressor inlet and the condenser, while the other channel connects to the inlet and outlet of the heat transfer device, respectively. The PTC heater has flow channels, with both ends connected to the inlet and outlet of the heat transfer device. Depending on the specific needs, the flow channel of the PTC heater or the channel of the heat exchanger is selected to connect to the heat transfer device. For example, when cooling the battery pack is required, the PTC heater is disconnected, and a low-temperature coolant is introduced into the heat transfer device via the liquid chiller to cool the battery pack. Conversely, when heating the battery pack is required, the liquid chiller is disconnected, and a higher-temperature heat exchange medium is introduced into the heat transfer device via the PTC heater to heat the battery pack.

[0060] The noise from the liquid chiller primarily originates from the fan, compressor, and water pump. Because the fan needs to continuously cool the condenser of the liquid chiller to dissipate heat, thereby cooling the high-temperature, high-pressure coolant from the compressor and continuously supplying low-temperature coolant to the heat transfer device, the fan requires high-speed operation. This results in significant aerodynamic and mechanical vibration noise from the fan, which is the main source of noise in the energy storage system.

[0061] The fan speed is directly proportional to the heat removed from the condenser. Therefore, the higher the condenser's heat exchange efficiency, the higher the fan speed, and the greater the noise generated by the fan. Correspondingly, the noise of the energy storage system will also be greater. Thus, given the limited heat exchange power of the liquid chiller, fan noise can be reduced by enhancing the condenser's heat exchange capacity and lowering the fan speed.

[0062] Based on this, embodiments of this application provide a heat dissipation assembly, a thermal management system, and an energy storage system, which can reduce fan noise while ensuring condenser heat dissipation efficiency, thereby reducing the noise of the energy storage system to meet the relevant application requirements of the energy storage system.

[0063] The following combination Figures 2 to 9 The present application provides a detailed description of a heat dissipation assembly 50, a thermal management system 1, and an energy storage system 2 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0064] Firstly, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 This application provides a heat dissipation assembly 50. The heat dissipation assembly 50 includes a condenser 11, a working fluid storage tank 51, a fan 12, and an atomizer 52. The working fluid storage tank 51 is configured to store a heat exchange working fluid 54. The fan 12 has an air outlet 122 and an air inlet 121, with the air outlet 122 facing the condenser 11. The atomizer 52 is connected to the working fluid storage tank 51 via a pipe 53 and is configured to atomize the heat exchange working fluid 54 and deliver it to the air inlet 121.

[0065] Understandable. Figure 2 This is merely an illustration of the fluid flow path and does not imply that it must be followed in actual implementation. Figure 2 Arrange the components according to the positional relationships shown. Figure 2 In the diagram, solid arrows indicate the flow direction of the heat exchange medium 54, while dashed arrows indicate the flow direction of the two-phase working medium formed by the gas-mist mixture. Specifically, the arrangement of the main components of the heat dissipation assembly 50 can be referenced... Figure 3 . Figure 3 In this configuration, the fan 12 is located on one side of the condenser 11, and the working fluid storage tank 51 is located below the fan 12 and the condenser 11. Specifically, along the direction of gravity, the working fluid storage tank 51 is located below the fan 12 and the condenser 11.

[0066] It is understandable that the working fluid is fluid and can be atomized.

[0067] For example, the heat exchange medium 54 can be water, pure water, distilled water, deionized water, hydrocarbon synthetic oil, fluorinated liquid with phase change, etc.

[0068] It is understood that the atomizer 52 extracts the heat exchange medium 54 from the working medium storage tank 51 and delivers it to the atomization chamber of the atomizer 52, atomizing the heat exchange medium 54 into a water mist containing numerous fine droplets. This water mist is then sent to the air inlet 121 of the fan 12. The fan 12 blows the mixture of water mist and air, forming a two-phase working medium, onto the condenser 11 to remove heat from the surface of the condenser 11, thereby cooling the condenser 11. During the process of the heat exchange medium 54 changing from a liquid state to a gaseous state, it absorbs a large amount of heat from the condenser 11 without changing its temperature. Therefore, when the same volume of air is delivered to the condenser 11, the two-phase working medium formed by the air-mist mixture absorbs more heat, thus improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the condenser 11.

[0069] It is understood that the heat exchange medium 54 in the working medium storage tank 51 can be drawn into the atomizer 52 by the suction force of the fan 12, or a water pump 15 can be connected in the pipe 53 to pump the heat exchange medium 54 in the working medium storage tank 51 to the atomizer 52. When the atomizer 52 is an ultrasonic atomizer 52, the atomizer 52 atomizes the heat exchange medium 54 by vibration to form fine droplets.

[0070] It is understood that the heat dissipation assembly 50 provided in this embodiment can use a long plate heat transfer model when calculating heat transfer problems. The core assumption of the long plate heat transfer model is that the heat transfer surface is an infinitely long plate, and heat transfer along the length direction is negligible, only heat transfer perpendicular to the plate surface is considered; at the same time, the two sides of the plate are in contact with media of different temperatures (e.g., one side is a high-temperature fluid, and the other side is a low-temperature fluid), and heat is transferred from the high-temperature side to the low-temperature side through the plate. The long plate heat transfer model ignores heat dissipation at the edge of the plate and temperature changes along the length direction, simplifying the complex three-dimensional heat transfer problem into one-dimensional (perpendicular to the plate surface) or two-dimensional (local within the plate surface) heat transfer, thereby reducing the computational difficulty.

[0071] The heat exchange capacity (FOM) of heat exchange medium 54 can be evaluated using the following formula:

[0072] Formula (1);

[0073] In the above formula,

[0074] C p Specific heat capacity, expressed in J / (kg·K);

[0075] μ is the dynamic viscosity, with units of N·s / m2;

[0076] ρ is the density of the working fluid, with units of kg / m3;

[0077] λ is the thermal conductivity of the working fluid, with units of W / (m·K).

[0078] When only air is blown into condenser 11 for heat dissipation, at 25°C and normal pressure, C in formula (1) p The specific heat capacity of air is approximately 1.005 kJ / (kg·℃).

[0079] When blowing a mixture of air and water mist into condenser 11 to form a two-phase working fluid, the specific heat capacity of water also needs to be calculated. At 25°C and normal pressure, the specific heat capacity of water is approximately 4.18 kJ / (kg·°C). Therefore, the formula for calculating the specific heat capacity of the two-phase working fluid can be expressed as:

[0080] C p =C1p1+ C2 (1-p2) formula (2);

[0081] In the above formula,

[0082] C1 is the specific heat capacity of air;

[0083] C2 is the specific heat capacity of the heat exchange medium 54;

[0084] p1 represents the air mass fraction in the two-phase working fluid system;

[0085] 1-p2 represents the mass fraction of the heat exchange working fluid in the two-phase working fluid system.

[0086] As can be seen from the above, compared to using a gaseous working fluid for heat dissipation and cooling of the condenser 11, this embodiment, by setting an atomizer 52 at the air inlet 121 of the fan 12, allows the fan 12 to form a gas-liquid mixed two-phase working fluid for heat dissipation and cooling of the condenser 11. This increases the specific heat capacity, density, and thermal conductivity of the heat exchange working fluid 54, thereby improving its heat exchange capacity and thus enhancing the heat dissipation efficiency of the condenser 11. In this way, under a given heat exchange power, the rotational speed of the fan 12 can be reduced, thereby reducing the noise generated by the fan 12 and effectively reducing the noise of the energy storage system 2.

[0087] The smaller the particle size of the water droplets 514, the lower the phase change temperature of water. Therefore, the phase change temperature of the heat exchange medium 54 can be adjusted by controlling the particle size of the water droplets 514.

[0088] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the condenser 11 includes a body 113 and a plurality of heat dissipation fins 111. The plurality of heat dissipation fins 111 are sequentially spaced on the outer surface of the body 113 and are thermally coupled to the body 113. A first heat dissipation channel 112 is defined between two adjacent heat dissipation fins 111, and one end of the first heat dissipation channel 112 faces the fan 12. The fan 12 blows at least a portion of the outflowing fluid toward the first heat dissipation channel 112. In this way, the heat exchange area of ​​the condenser 11 can be increased by the heat dissipation fins 111, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the condenser 11.

[0089] It is understandable that the first heat dissipation channel 112 can extend in a meandering manner or along the air outlet direction of the fan 12.

[0090] For example, the extension direction of the first heat dissipation channel 112 is parallel to the air outlet direction of the fan 12.

[0091] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2As shown, the condenser 11 also includes a baffle 114. The baffle 114 is disposed on the side of the plurality of heat dissipation fins 111 facing away from the body 113. In this way, the aerosol mixture blown by the fan 12 to the condenser 11 is blocked by the baffle 114, so that the aerosol mixture can only flow around the condenser 11, thereby increasing the sufficiency of contact between the aerosol mixture and the condenser 11 and improving the heat exchange efficiency of the condenser 11.

[0092] For example, the baffle 114 is parallel to the surface of the condenser 11 facing the baffle 114.

[0093] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the heat dissipation fins 111 are all connected to the baffle 114. This improves the integration of the baffle 114 and the heat dissipation fins 111, thereby improving the ease of assembly.

[0094] For example, both the heat sink fins 111 and the baffle 114 are made of aluminum.

[0095] Specifically, the heat dissipation fins 111 and the baffle 114 are integrally formed. For example, the heat dissipation fins 111 and the baffle 114 are integrally formed by aluminum extrusion process.

[0096] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the baffle 114 has an inner cavity 1141, in which a phase change material 116 is disposed. In this way, heat can be absorbed through the phase change process of the phase change material 116, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the condenser 11.

[0097] As can be understood, phase change material 116 refers to a material that can absorb or release a large amount of heat (i.e., "latent heat") when undergoing a phase change at a specific temperature (such as solid → liquid, liquid → gas, solid → solid), while maintaining its own temperature essentially unchanged. Its core characteristic is the storage and release of energy through a phase change process, thereby achieving temperature regulation.

[0098] For example, the phase change material 116 may be a paraffin (e.g., hexadecane, heptadecane, octadecane, eicosane, or a mixture thereof), a fatty acid (e.g., stearic acid, palmitic acid, myristic acid), or polyethylene glycol.

[0099] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4As shown, a first opening 1142 is provided on the side of the baffle 114 facing away from the heat dissipation fins 111, and the first opening 1142 communicates with the inner cavity 1141. An elastic membrane 115 is provided in the first opening 1142. The periphery of the elastic membrane 115 is connected to the baffle 114 to close the first opening 1142. In this way, when the phase change material 116 undergoes a phase change, the inner cavity 1141 maintained by the membrane and baffle 114 can change with the volume change of the phase change material 116, thereby reducing the constraint of the baffle 114 on the volume change of the phase change material 116, which is conducive to improving the smoothness of the phase change of the phase change material 116, and thus improving the heat absorption efficiency of the phase change material 116, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the condenser 11.

[0100] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, each of the heat dissipation fins 111 has a flow hole 117 on the side near the body 113. The flow hole 117 communicates with the adjacent first heat dissipation channel 112.

[0101] in, Figure 5 This is a view of the heat dissipation fins 111 as seen from the air outlet direction of the fan 12.

[0102] It is understandable that the two-phase working fluid formed by the aerosol mixture will condense into larger water droplets 514 after the temperature drops, accumulating on the surface of the condenser 11. The larger water droplets 514 will mix and become water flow, which will flow on the surface of the condenser 11 under the action of gravity and the wind force of the fan 12.

[0103] Based on this, this embodiment, by providing flow holes 117, allows water flow within each first heat dissipation channel 112 to flow into adjacent first heat dissipation channels 112, thereby increasing the fluidity of the water flow. This not only increases the sufficiency of contact between the water flow and the surface of the condenser 11 to improve heat exchange efficiency, but also allows the water flow to be quickly discharged from the surface of the condenser 11 in preparation for the next atomization cycle.

[0104] In some embodiments, the heat exchange medium 54 is one or more of deionized water, hydrocarbon synthetic oil, and fluorinated liquid with phase change.

[0105] Deionized water, also known as pure water, has a high latent heat of vaporization, allowing it to rapidly absorb large amounts of heat through evaporation, resulting in a high basic heat dissipation efficiency. Furthermore, deionized water has a moderate surface tension, making it easy to form uniform small droplets and readily atomize.

[0106] Hydrocarbon synthetic oils have good chemical stability and are characterized by low pour point and high flash point.

[0107] Fluorinated liquids with phase change not only absorb heat through droplet evaporation after atomization, but also absorb a large amount of heat through their own phase change, resulting in good heat dissipation efficiency.

[0108] In some embodiments, the working fluid storage tank 51 is located below the condenser 11, and a second opening 511 is provided on the side of the working fluid storage tank 51 facing the condenser 11. In a horizontal projection, the projection of the condenser 11 lies within the projection of the second opening 511. Thus, the heat exchange working fluid 54 blown out by the fan 12 can be liquefied and flow back to the working fluid storage tank 51 under gravity, facilitating the smooth heat dissipation cycle of the condenser 11.

[0109] As the temperature of the two-phase medium formed by the gas-mist mixture decreases, some of the water mist will turn into droplets and return to the working fluid storage tank 51 below the condenser 11.

[0110] Secondly, such as Figure 5 As shown, an embodiment of this application provides a thermal management system 1. The thermal management system 1 includes a compressor 13, a first heat exchanger 30, and the aforementioned heat dissipation assembly 50. One end of a condenser 11 is connected to one end of the compressor 13. The first heat exchanger 30 has a first heat exchange channel 31 and a second heat exchange channel 32. The first heat exchange channel 31 connects the other end of the condenser 11 and the other end of the compressor 13. The second heat exchange channel 32 is configured to be connected in series with a heat transfer device 301.

[0111] The heat transfer device 301 includes, but is not limited to, a liquid-cooled plate or an immersion liquid-cooled box. When the heat transfer device 301 is a liquid-cooled plate, the heat transfer device 301 is thermally coupled to the battery cell. When the heat transfer device 301 is an immersion liquid-cooled box, the battery cell is immersed in the heat exchange medium inside the immersion liquid-cooled box.

[0112] It can be understood that the compressor 13, the first heat exchanger 30, and the condenser 11 form the first loop. The working medium in the first loop can be a refrigerant.

[0113] Compressor 13 can compress low-pressure, low-temperature gaseous refrigerant into high-pressure, high-temperature gaseous refrigerant, providing power for the refrigerant's circulation in the system and enhancing its heat release capacity. For example, compressor 13 compresses the gaseous refrigerant by means of the movement of a piston, rotor, or scroll, reducing its volume. According to thermodynamic principles, when a gas is compressed, its internal energy increases, and its pressure and temperature rise sharply, eventually becoming a high-pressure, high-temperature superheated gaseous refrigerant. The high-pressure, high-temperature gaseous refrigerant is then discharged into condenser 11.

[0114] The condenser 11 cools the high-pressure, high-temperature gaseous refrigerant discharged from the compressor 13 through the fan 12, atomizer 52, etc., so as to condense it into a high-pressure, medium-temperature liquid refrigerant and release heat.

[0115] The operation of condenser 11 can be divided into a heat dissipation process and a condensation process. During the heat dissipation process, the high-pressure, high-temperature gaseous refrigerant enters condenser 11 and exchanges heat with the external environment through condenser 11 for heat dissipation and condensation. As the heat of the refrigerant is continuously released, the refrigerant temperature gradually decreases to the condensation temperature, changing from a gaseous state to a liquid state. This phase change process releases a large amount of latent heat. Ultimately, the refrigerant becomes a high-pressure, medium-temperature liquid refrigerant. The liquid refrigerant flows out through the outlet of condenser 11 and into the first heat exchanger 30 to dissipate heat and cool the heat exchange medium from the heat transfer device 301, thereby cooling the battery pack 3 through the cooling plate.

[0116] It is understood that the thermal management system 1 includes the aforementioned heat dissipation assembly 50, and the thermal management system 1 has all the beneficial effects of the heat dissipation assembly 50, which will not be repeated here in this embodiment.

[0117] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, the thermal management system 1 also includes a second heat exchanger 20. The second heat exchanger 20 has a third heat exchange channel 22a. The third heat exchange channel 22a is configured to be connected in parallel with the heat transfer device 301. The second heat exchanger 20 is located between the fan 12 and the condenser 11 to cool the fluid blown out by the fan 12.

[0118] It is understood that the temperature of the refrigerant flowing into the second heat exchanger 20 should be lower than that of the working fluid mixture blown out by the fan 12. In this way, the second heat exchanger 20 can cool the mist, so that the mist can come into contact with the condenser 11 at a lower temperature, thereby removing a large amount of heat from the condenser 11 and improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the condenser 11.

[0119] In some embodiments, such as Figure 7 As shown, the surface of the second heat exchanger 20 is provided with multiple parallel heat exchange fins 21. A second heat dissipation channel 21b is formed between two adjacent heat exchange fins 21. The extension direction of the second heat dissipation channel 21b is parallel to the air outlet direction of the fan 12. In this way, the contact area between the atomized working fluid and the second heat exchanger 20 can be increased, thereby improving the sufficiency of contact between the atomized fluid and the second heat exchanger 20, and thus improving the cooling effect of the atomized fluid, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the condenser 11.

[0120] In some embodiments, such as Figure 7 As shown, multiple heat exchange fins 21 are disposed on the same side surface of the second heat exchanger 20. This makes the structure of the second heat exchanger 20 simple and easy to manufacture.

[0121] In some embodiments, such as Figure 7As shown, the heat exchange fins 21 have cavities 21a inside, and all cavities 21a are connected to the third heat exchange channel 22a. This increases the area of ​​the heat exchange fins 21, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchange fins 21, which in turn improves the cooling effect of the gas-mist mixture and thus improves the heat dissipation efficiency of the condenser 11.

[0122] In some embodiments, such as Figure 8 As shown, the second heat exchanger 20 includes two plates 22 arranged opposite each other, each plate 22 having a third heat exchange channel 22a, and heat exchange fins 21 disposed between the two plates 22. This increases the surface area of ​​the second heat exchanger 20, improving the contact between the gas-mist mixture and the second heat exchanger 20, thereby enhancing the cooling effect of the gas-mist mixture and improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the condenser 11.

[0123] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, the thermal management system 1 also includes a water pump 15. The water pump 15 is connected in series with the second heat exchange channel 32.

[0124] The water pump 15 is used to convert mechanical energy into fluid kinetic energy and pressure to drive the refrigerant to flow in the pipeline.

[0125] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, the thermal management system 1 also includes a data acquisition component 40. There are two data acquisition components 40, which are respectively disposed at both ends of the second heat exchange channel 32. The data acquisition components 40 are used to acquire at least one of the fluid's temperature and pressure information.

[0126] For example, the acquisition component 40 includes a pressure sensor 19 and a temperature sensor 41. The pressure sensor 19 is used to acquire pressure information of the fluid in the pipeline and provide a feedback signal to the energy storage system 2. The temperature sensor 41 is used to acquire temperature information of the fluid in the pipeline and provide a feedback signal to the energy storage system 2.

[0127] Temperature sensors 41 are installed at both ends of the second heat exchange channel 32 to obtain the temperature of the fluid flowing into the heat transfer device 301, the temperature of the fluid flowing out of the heat transfer device 301, and the difference between them. This helps the control system to determine whether the thermal management system 1 is working properly and to understand the operation of the battery pack 3.

[0128] Pressure sensors 19 are installed at both ends of the second heat exchange channel 32 to obtain the pressure of the fluid flowing into the heat transfer device 301, the pressure of the fluid flowing out of the heat transfer device 301, and the difference between them, so as to help the control system determine whether the heat management system 1 is working properly and whether there is any leakage.

[0129] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6As shown, the thermal management system 1 also includes a high-pressure liquid receiver 17 and an electronic expansion valve 18 connected between the condenser 11 and the first heat exchanger 30. The electronic expansion valve 18 is located between the high-pressure liquid receiver 17 and the first heat exchanger 30.

[0130] The high-pressure liquid receiver 17 is used to store the high-pressure liquid refrigerant discharged from the condenser 11 and plays a role in regulating and buffering the refrigerant flow rate in the system. The high-pressure liquid receiver 17 can balance the supply and demand of refrigerant, that is, store excess liquid refrigerant; at the same time, it supplies liquid refrigerant when demand increases, ensuring the efficient operation of the thermal management system 1.

[0131] The electronic expansion valve 18 is used to control the refrigerant flow rate. The electronic expansion valve 18 is driven by an electrical signal to precisely regulate the refrigerant flow rate entering the first heat exchanger 30. For example, when the heat generation of the battery pack 3 increases, the refrigerant flow rate can be increased to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the battery pack 3.

[0132] In some embodiments, the first heat exchanger 30 is a plate heat exchanger. Plate heat exchangers use metal plates (such as stainless steel, titanium alloy, copper, etc.) as the heat transfer medium to achieve heat transfer between two or more fluids.

[0133] Thirdly, such as Figure 9 As shown, an embodiment of this application provides an energy storage system 2. The energy storage system 2 includes a battery pack 3 and the aforementioned thermal management system 1; the battery pack 3 has a heat transfer device 301; a second heat exchange channel 32 is connected in series with the heat transfer device 301.

[0134] Energy storage system 2 can be applied in both power storage and commercial / industrial energy storage scenarios. Taking power storage as an example, energy storage system 2 is primarily used to promote the stability of the entire power grid. For instance, energy storage system 2 can increase the proportion of renewable and clean energy sources such as wind and solar power in the power grid. When the power generation from solar and wind power is large, the power load in the grid cannot be absorbed, which will impact the grid. Therefore, excess energy needs to be stored in energy storage system 2 to maintain the grid in a balanced and stable state. If the power generation from solar and wind power is insufficient, the grid cannot meet the power demand of the load, and energy storage system 2 needs to release electricity to ensure power supply.

[0135] An expansion working fluid storage tank 16 is provided between the water pump 15 and the heat transfer device 301. The expansion working fluid storage tank 16 is used to balance the pressure of the fluid in the pipeline and prevent pressure fluctuations caused by temperature changes.

[0136] It is understood that the energy storage system 2 includes the aforementioned heat dissipation assembly 50, and the energy storage system 2 has all the beneficial effects of the heat dissipation assembly 50, which will not be described again in this embodiment.

[0137] The embodiments of this application have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A heat dissipation assembly, characterized in that, include: Condenser (11); The working fluid storage tank (51) is configured to store the heat exchange working fluid (54); A fan (12) having an air outlet (122) and an air inlet (121), the air outlet (122) facing the condenser (11); and Atomizer (52) is connected to the working fluid storage tank (51) via pipe (53). The atomizer (52) is configured to atomize the heat exchange working fluid (54) and send it to the air inlet (121). The condenser (11) includes a body (113) and a plurality of heat dissipation fins (111). The plurality of heat dissipation fins (111) are arranged sequentially and spaced apart on the outer surface of the body (113) and are thermally coupled to the body (113). A first heat dissipation channel (112) is defined between two adjacent heat dissipation fins (111), and one end of the first heat dissipation channel (112) faces the fan (12). The fan (12) blows at least a portion of the blown fluid toward the first heat dissipation channel (112). The condenser (11) also includes a baffle (114), which is disposed on the side of the plurality of heat dissipation fins (111) away from the body (113); The baffle (114) has an inner cavity (1141) in which a phase change material (116) is disposed; A first opening (1142) is provided on the side of the baffle (114) away from the heat dissipation fins (111), and the first opening (1142) communicates with the inner cavity (1141); an elastic membrane (115) is provided in the first opening (1142), and the periphery of the elastic membrane (115) is connected to the baffle (114) to close the first opening (1142); The heat dissipation fins (111) are all connected to the baffle (114).

2. The heat dissipation assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the heat dissipation fins (111) has a flow hole (117) on the side near the body (113), and the flow hole (117) is connected to the adjacent first heat dissipation channel (112).

3. The heat dissipation assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat exchange medium (54) is one or more of deionized water, hydrocarbon synthetic oil, and fluorinated liquid with phase change.

4. The heat dissipation assembly according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The working fluid storage tank (51) is located below the condenser (11), and the working fluid storage tank (51) has a second opening (511) on the side facing the condenser (11); In the projection on the horizontal plane, the projection of the condenser (11) is located within the projection of the second opening (511).

5. A thermal management system, characterized in that, include: Compressor (13); The heat dissipation assembly as described in any one of claims 1-4, wherein one end of the condenser (11) is connected to one end of the compressor (13); and The first heat exchanger (30) has a first heat exchange channel (31) and a second heat exchange channel (32), the first heat exchange channel (31) being connected to the other end of the condenser (11) and the other end of the compressor (13), and the second heat exchange channel (32) being configured to be connected in series with the heat transfer device (301).

6. The thermal management system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The thermal management system further includes a second heat exchanger (20) having a third heat exchange channel (22a) configured to be connected in parallel with the heat transfer device (301); The second heat exchanger (20) is located between the fan (12) and the condenser (11) to cool the fluid blown out by the fan (12).

7. The thermal management system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The surface of the second heat exchanger (20) is provided with a plurality of parallel heat exchange fins (21), and a second heat dissipation channel (21b) is formed between two adjacent heat exchange fins (21). The extension direction of the second heat dissipation channel (21b) is parallel to the air outlet direction of the fan (12).

8. The thermal management system according to claim 7, characterized in that, Multiple heat exchange fins (21) are disposed on the same side surface of the second heat exchanger (20).

9. The thermal management system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The heat exchange fins (21) are provided with cavities (21a) inside, and the cavities (21a) are all connected to the third heat exchange channel (22a).

10. The thermal management system according to any one of claims 7-9, characterized in that, The second heat exchanger (20) includes two plates (22) arranged opposite to each other, each of the plates (22) is provided with the third heat exchange channel (22a), and the heat exchange fins (21) are disposed between the two plates (22).

11. The thermal management system according to any one of claims 5-9, characterized in that, The thermal management system further includes a water pump (15), which is connected in series with the second heat exchange channel (32); And / or, the thermal management system further includes a data acquisition component (40), there are two data acquisition components (40), and the two data acquisition components (40) are respectively disposed at both ends of the second heat exchange channel (32); The acquisition component (40) is used to acquire at least one of the temperature information and pressure information of the fluid.

12. The thermal management system according to any one of claims 5-9, characterized in that, The thermal management system further includes a high-pressure liquid reservoir (17) and an electronic expansion valve (18) connected between the condenser (11) and the first heat exchanger (30), the electronic expansion valve (18) being located between the high-pressure liquid reservoir (17) and the first heat exchanger (30); And / or, the first heat exchanger (30) is a plate heat exchanger.

13. An energy storage system (2), characterized in that, include: The battery pack (3) has a heat transfer device (301); as well as In the thermal management system according to any one of claims 5-12, the second heat exchange channel (32) is connected in series with the heat transfer device (301).

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