Power conduit cable laying tractor and method of traction

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of electric power pipeline cable laying tractor and traction method, including at least two through hinged axle head-to-tail hinged can be looped in the outer periphery of electric power cable arc plate, the inner arc side of arc plate is equipped with locking block by automatic locking mechanism, when pulling arc plate forward, locking block can be automatically locked electric power cable in radial direction by automatic locking mechanism and pull electric power cable forward, when pulling locking block backward, locking block can be automatically locked electric power cable in radial direction by automatic locking mechanism and pull electric power cable backward;When pulling arc plate backward or pulling locking block forward, automatic locking mechanism makes locking block and electric power cable automatically unlock, and arc plate slides along the axial direction of electric power cable;Advantage effect is that it can be quickly fixed with electric power cable, fixed firmly without slipping when pulling, and disassembly is simple;Can accurately adjust electric power cable end reserved length;Labor-saving operation;Eliminate strong pull hard pull;Good sealing property;Strong universality;Low manufacturing cost, and lower use cost.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present patent application relates to a power pipeline cable laying tractor and a traction method, belonging to the field of power equipment or power tools. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of China's economy, power technology has also developed rapidly. At present, the laying of urban power lines in China has basically changed from overhead laying to underground laying, especially the underground laying of power lines in new urban areas has basically achieved complete coverage. Underground laying of power lines generally involves laying power pipelines underground, and power cables are inserted into the power pipelines. Generally, power pipelines are arranged in a straight line to facilitate the rapid laying, maintenance, and replacement of power cables. Although straight power pipelines have obvious advantages, they also have obvious disadvantages, namely, special turning structures must be provided to deal with situations that require turning. The turning part of the power pipeline (usually a right-angle turning part) is provided with a power well, which is similar to a small underground house with an area of a few square meters. Because power cables are relatively thick and hard, with a diameter of a few centimeters for thin power cables and a diameter of tens of centimeters for thick power cables, the main function of the power well is to facilitate workers to bend the power cable in the power well and then insert it into the other power pipeline after the turning (usually a right-angle turning), thereby realizing the turning of the power cable along with the power pipeline. There are several such power wells in the entire power cable laying process, so the amount of turning is huge.

[0003] When laying power cables into power pipelines, if it is desired to simplify the construction, the power cable can be cut into small sections corresponding to the power pipelines, and then the power cable joints are connected and insulated in each power well. This operation has obvious advantages, namely, the construction is extremely simple, but it also has obvious disadvantages, namely, there are many joints, leakage and electrical hazards at the joints, and the key is that the resistance at the joints will inevitably increase, which is prone to heating and poses a power supply hazard. Therefore, the above operation method does not comply with the power construction specifications, and there is no such divine operation of cutting the power cable into several small sections in reality, and it is always desired to have a whole power cable run through several power pipelines and power wells.

[0004] At present, due to the lack of better laying tools and methods, when laying power cables in power pipelines, a traction wire is first sequentially run through the power pipelines and power wells to be laid, and the traction wire is smoothly diverted in the power well by a pulley, and finally the traction wire is forcibly pulled out on the ground at the outlet by a traction machine, thereby realizing the sequential laying of a whole long power cable into each power pipeline, effectively avoiding the number of joints and power supply hazards.

[0005] The traditional laying tool and laying method have the following disadvantages: 1. Because the traction wire is fixed at the end of the power cable and there is only one traction wire, the traction wire can only pull the power cable forward in one direction and cannot move backward, so the length of the power cable end cannot be freely adjusted. The end of the power cable must be reserved with a proper length to ensure the reliability and convenience of the connection. Therefore, the traction mechanism and traction wire need to be transferred to the other end of the power cable, which is a large amount of work and complicated to operate. Therefore, the length of the power cable is generally reserved too much to facilitate subsequent wiring, but this causes waste of the power cable; 2. There is resistance when the power cable penetrates the power pipeline, and the resistance is even greater when the power cable changes direction through the power well. Therefore, as the number of power pipelines and power wells that the power cable penetrates increases, the pulling force (or resistance) of the traction wire will be very large, which is equivalent to "pulling hard" on the power cable, which can easily damage the outer protective layer of the power cable and cause invisible damage to the inside of the power cable, affecting power supply safety; 3. The outer surface of the power cable is a circular tube, and the traction wire is not firmly connected to it and is prone to slipping, especially when the traction force increases in the later stage of laying, the risk of slipping is higher; 4. Because the resistance increases in the later stage of traction, professional traction machinery such as a winch must be provided to assist in laying the power cable. Although manual traction is not required, an external power source or oil and gas supply is required, which is high in cost and more complicated to operate; 5. The connection between the traction rope and the power cable has no automatic tension adjustment function. When laying a thicker power cable, the fixation is more secure, and the thinner the power cable, the worse the fixation, which is more prone to slipping, i.e. poor universality; 6. The head of the power cable has no special reliable protection and sealing device. Generally, adhesive tape is wrapped around the end of the power cable, but the friction in the power pipeline is large and the adhesive tape is easily torn, causing sealing failure. Most importantly, power pipelines are built outdoors, and there is a lot of rain in the power pipeline and power well. Therefore, if the end of the power cable is not sealed properly, it is easy for mud and water to enter the inside of the power cable, which can cause short circuits and other safety accidents after long-term operation. SUMMARY

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a power pipeline cable laying traction device with reasonable structure, which can be quickly fixed with the power cable, firmly fixed and not slippery during traction, and easily disassembled; can selectively bidirectionally traction the power cable forward or backward, accurately adjust the reserved length of the power cable end, is convenient and eliminates waste; is labor-saving, does not need professional traction machinery power, does not need external power supply or oil and gas, and can be manually tractioned, thereby reducing the laying cost; can move the power cable without large traction force, thereby eliminating strong pulling and hard pulling, protecting the internal structure of the power cable and power safety; the end of the power cable is sealed well, thereby eliminating the entry of mud into the power cable and effectively avoiding accidents such as short circuit; has the function of automatically adjusting the tightness of the connection with the power cable, can adapt to traction of power cables with different thicknesses, and has strong universality; and has low manufacturing cost and lower use cost.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the structural features of the present application are as follows: at least two arc plates are hingedly connected at the head and tail through a hinge shaft and can be sleeved around the outer periphery of the power cable; an automatic locking mechanism is installed on the inner arc side of the arc plate and is provided with a locking block; when the arc plate is pulled forward, the automatic locking mechanism can automatically lock the locking block in the radial direction and pull the power cable forward; when the locking block is pulled backward, the automatic locking mechanism can automatically lock the locking block in the radial direction and pull the power cable backward; when the arc plate is pulled backward or the locking block is pulled forward, the automatic locking mechanism automatically unlocks the locking block and the power cable, and the arc plate slides along the axial direction of the power cable.

[0008] As an implementation manner, the automatic locking mechanism comprises a sliding channel arranged on the inner arc side of the arc plate and extending forward and backward, the sliding channel extends along a straight line in a manner that the front end is inclined outward and the rear end is inclined inward; a sliding block is installed in the sliding channel, the shape of the sliding channel and the sliding block allows the sliding block to only slide along the length direction of the sliding channel, the sliding block is a wedge-shaped block with a wider front end and a narrower rear end in the radial direction, and the inner side wall of the side close to the power cable is fixedly connected with the locking block.

[0009] As an improvement, a front pull ring is fixedly connected to the front end of the arc plate, a front pull rope is connected to the front pull ring, a backward ring is fixedly connected to the rear end of the arc plate, a backward rope is connected to the backward ring, a rear pull ring is fixedly connected to the rear end of the locking block, a rear pull rope is connected to the rear pull ring, a front backward ring is fixedly connected to the front end of the locking block, and a front backward rope is connected to the front backward ring.

[0010] As a further improvement, the present application further comprises a sliding head installed at the end of the power cable, the sliding head is a conical hollow cylinder with a thin front end and a thick rear end, an inner thread is arranged on the inner side of the mouth of the sliding head and is screwed with the outer periphery of the front end of the power cable, a head ring is arranged on the outer side of the mouth of the sliding head and is in sliding cooperation with the front pull rope or the front backward rope, and a silica gel pad is arranged in the inner cavity of the sliding head and can be elastically pressed together with the end of the power cable.

[0011] As an improvement, the front pulling rope is different from the front retreating rope in thickness or color; the back pulling rope is different from the back retreating rope in thickness or color.

[0012] As a further improvement, the inner wall of the locking block close to the power cable is uneven and is a damping layer.

[0013] As an improvement, the patent application also includes an auxiliary unlocking mechanism for unlocking the locking block from the power cable, the auxiliary unlocking mechanism includes a straight rack arranged on the side wall of the locking block, an arc plate is provided with a cavity with an opening facing backward, a lever is hinged in the cavity through a hinge column, the control end of the lever is connected with an auxiliary rope, the unlocking end of the lever can engage with the straight rack, a spring is arranged in the cavity to push the lever to make the unlocking end of the lever away from the straight rack, and after pulling the auxiliary rope, the unlocking end of the lever pushes the locking block forward relative to the arc plate through the straight rack to be unlocked.

[0014] The patent application also includes a traction method using the above-mentioned power pipeline cable laying tractor: first, the front pulling rope is inserted into the cable pipeline to be laid; second, each arc plate is arranged around the front part of the power cable in a front-back corresponding manner; third, the sliding head is screwed to the front end of the power cable; fourth, the rear section of the front pulling rope is inserted into the head ring from front to back and is fixed with at least two front pulling rings; fifth, the front end of the back pulling rope is fixed with at least two back pulling rings, and the front end of the back retreating rope is fixed with a back retreating ring; sixth, the back pulling rope is kept synchronous and stationary with the power cable, and each arc plate is pushed forward, the locking block is pushed radially to the power cable through the arc plate, and the locking of the locking block to the power cable is realized; seventh, the front pulling rope is pulled forward at the front end of the power pipeline, so that the power cable moves forward synchronously and fills the power pipeline.

[0015] As an improvement, the traction method of the power pipeline cable laying tractor further includes the following steps: when it is necessary to adjust the reserved length of the front end of the power cable, an adjustment step is also needed, that is, the front end of the power cable is pushed backward, and the back pulling rope is pulled backward to make the locking block hold the front section of the power cable to move backward synchronously, so that the front end of the power cable is reserved with a proper length; when it is necessary to disassemble, a disassembly step is also needed, that is, the sliding head is unscrewed, the hinge shaft between any two arc plates is removed, and then the front pulling rope, the back pulling rope and the back retreating rope are removed; when it is necessary to reliably unlock the locking block, a reliable unlocking step is also needed, that is, the front end of the auxiliary rope is connected to the control end of the lever before the seventh step, and the auxiliary rope is pulled backward after the seventh step, so that the locking block is prised by the lever to slide forward relative to the arc plate and be separated from the power cable.

[0016] As a further improvement, the patent application also includes the following steps: when it is necessary to continue to lay the power cable to the subsequent power pipeline, the subsequent steps also need to be carried out, that is, first, the front pull rope is detached from the head ring, then all the backward pull ropes or all the auxiliary ropes are pulled backward to unlock the corresponding locking blocks and the power cable, then all the backward pull ropes, auxiliary ropes and backward pull ropes are pulled backward to pull the arc plates back to the starting end of the power pipeline, and then the above-mentioned sixth step is repeated; then the above-mentioned first, second, fourth, fifth and sixth steps are repeated for another set of power pipeline cable laying traction device relative to the subsequent power pipeline, then all the forward pull ropes are pulled forward, so that the power cable moves forward synchronously and fills all the power pipelines; if it is still necessary to continue to lay the power cable to the subsequent power pipeline, the above-mentioned subsequent steps can be repeated; finally, the above-mentioned adjustment steps, reliable unlocking steps and disassembly steps are carried out as needed.

[0017] In summary, the power pipeline cable laying traction device with the structure has the advantages of reasonable structure, quick fixing with the power cable, firm fixing without slipping during traction, simple disassembly, selective bidirectional traction of the power cable forward or backward, accurate adjustment of the reserved length of the end of the power cable, labor-saving operation without the need of professional traction machinery, manual traction without the need of external power supply or oil and gas, reduced laying cost, no need of large traction force to move the power cable, thus avoiding strong pulling and hard pulling, ensuring the internal structure of the power cable and power safety, good sealing of the end of the power cable to avoid mud entering the power cable and effectively avoid accidents such as short circuit, automatic adjustment of the tightness of the connection with the power cable, adaptation to traction of power cables with different thicknesses, low manufacturing cost and lower use cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] The patent application will be further described in detail in combination with the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 The structure diagram of the patent application set on the power cable;

[0020] Figure 2 The structure diagram of the patent application set on the power cable; Figure 1 The structure diagram of the patent application set on the power cable;

[0021] Figure 3 The structure diagram of the patent application set on the power cable;

[0022] Figure 4 The structure diagram of the patent application set on the power cable;

[0023] Figure 5 The structure diagram of the patent application set on the power cable; Figure 4 The structure diagram of the patent application set on the power cable;

[0024] Figure 6 Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation structure of the arc plate, locking block, sliding block and sliding channel in the extended state;

[0025] Figure 7 Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation structure of the arc plate, locking block, sliding block and sliding channel in the maximum extended state; Figure 6 Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation structure of the arc plate, locking block, sliding block and sliding channel in the maximum extended state from the top angle;

[0026] Figure 8 Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation structure of the arc plate, locking block, sliding block and straight rack in the extended state;

[0027] Figure 9 Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation structure of the arc plate, locking block, sliding block and straight rack in the maximum extended state from the top angle; Figure 8 Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation structure of the arc plate, locking block, sliding block and straight rack in the maximum extended state from the top angle;

[0028] Figure 10 Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation structure of the arc plate, locking block, sliding block and straight rack in the maximum extended state from the top angle;

[0029] Figure 11 Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation structure of the arc plate, locking block, sliding block and straight rack in the maximum extended state from the top angle; Figure 10 Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation structure of the arc plate, locking block, sliding block and straight rack in the maximum extended state from the top angle;

[0030] Figure 12 Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation structure of the auxiliary rope, lever, spring and straight rack when the auxiliary unlocking mechanism is not unlocking the automatic locking mechanism;

[0031] Figure 13 Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation structure of the auxiliary rope, lever, spring and straight rack when the auxiliary unlocking mechanism is unlocking the automatic locking mechanism;

[0032] Figure 14 Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation structure of the locking ring from the front direction;

[0033] Figure 15 Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation structure of the locking ring from the back direction;

[0034] Figure 16 Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation structure of the locking ring from the front direction after the hinge shaft is removed;

[0035] Figure 17 Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation structure of the locking ring from the back direction after the hinge shaft is removed;

[0036] Figure 18 Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation structure of the sliding head.

[0037] In the figure: 0, power cable; 1, hinge shaft; 2, arc plate; 21, front pull ring; 22, front pull rope; 23, rear retreat ring; 24, rear retreat rope; 3, automatic locking mechanism; 31, sliding channel; 32, sliding block; 4, locking block; 41, rear pull ring; 42, rear pull rope; 43, front retreat ring; 44, front retreat rope; 45, damping layer; 5, auxiliary unlocking mechanism; 51, straight rack; 52, cavity; 53, hinge column; 54, lever; 55, auxiliary rope; 56, spring; 6, sliding head; 61, internal thread; 62, head ring; 63, silica gel pad. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] As Figures 1-18As shown, the power pipeline cable laying tractor mainly consists of four parts, namely: arc plate 2, hinge shaft 1, automatic locking mechanism 3, locking block 4. Among them, the arc plate is a plate material extending in a circular arc shape, and the number is at least two. In this patent application, each arc plate is connected end to end through the corresponding hinge shaft to form a circular ring, and the inner diameter of the circular ring is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the power cable, so as to be fitted on the outer periphery of the power cable 0. For the convenience of description, this ring is called "locking ring". The center line of the locking ring is arranged in parallel with the center line of the hinge shaft, so that the arc plates can be connected by the hinge shaft to surround the outer periphery of the power cable, or the patent application can be taken off from the outer periphery of the power cable by removing a hinge shaft, which is very simple and convenient to operate. In this patent application, the locking block is located on the inner arc side of the arc plate, that is, close to the power cable side, which is convenient for the locking block to clamp the power cable. In the synchronous locking structure of the tractor, the locking block is installed on the inner arc side of the arc plate through the automatic locking mechanism. The main part of the automatic locking mechanism is arranged on the inner side of the arc plate, and the rest is connected with the locking block. The working principle of the automatic locking mechanism is that under the pulling force of the arc plate, the locking block is automatically subjected to radial pressure, so that the locking block moves along the radial direction of the locking ring to the center of the locking ring, that is, it moves radially to the center of the power cable, thereby realizing the locking or unlocking of the outer wall of the power cable, and realizing the locking or unlocking of the power cable by the patent application. Obviously, the forward pulling force is proportional to the locking force of the locking block, the greater the forward pulling force, the greater the locking force on the power cable, and the less likely it is to slip. When the forward pulling force is greater than the friction force between the power cable and the power pipeline, the synchronous driving of the power cable can be realized by driving the patent application to move forward, that is, the laying of the power cable is realized. Obviously, for the power cable to be laid, the thinner and lighter the power cable, the smaller the pulling force, and the locking force of the locking ring on the power cable is automatically smaller. Conversely, the thicker and heavier the power cable, the greater the pulling force, and the locking force of the locking ring on the power cable is automatically greater. Therefore, in this patent application, the locking force of the locking ring on the power cable is automatically adjusted, without additional setting, simple operation and firm locking without slipping. In this patent application, the locking control and unlocking control of the automatic locking mechanism are realized by the arc plate control, that is, when the arc plate moves forward a small distance relative to the power cable, the automatic locking mechanism drives the locking block to move radially to the center of the locking ring, so that the inner diameter of the locking ring is reduced, and when the inner diameter of the locking ring is smaller than the outer diameter of the power cable, the power cable is automatically locked. When the arc plate moves backward a small distance relative to the power cable, the automatic locking mechanism drives the locking block to move radially outward, so that the inner diameter of the locking ring becomes larger, and when the inner diameter of the locking ring becomes larger than the outer diameter of the power cable, the power cable is automatically unlocked.Therefore, when the power cable needs to be laid into the power pipeline, the arc plate is pulled forward a little to lock the power cable, and then the locking ring is continuously pulled forward to drive the power cable to move forward synchronously, thereby realizing the laying of the power cable. When the reserved length of the front end joint of the power cable needs to be adjusted, the locking ring is continuously pulled forward to drive the power cable to continuously move forward, thereby realizing the increase of the reserved length, and the locking block is pulled backward to drive the power cable to move backward synchronously, thereby realizing the shortening of the reserved length, which is very convenient to operate. When the laying is completed after the locking ring is pulled to the power well at the front end of the power pipeline and the reserved length is adjusted, the hinge shaft is removed to disconnect the locking ring, and then the locking ring is removed, which is very simple to operate. If the power cable needs to be continuously laid into the next segment of the power pipeline behind the power well, the locking ring is pulled backward relative to the power cable to drive the automatic locking mechanism to retract the locking block, that is, to release the locking of the locking block to the power cable, at this time, the locking ring is pulled back to the initial position of the power pipeline and locks the middle segment of the power cable, and another set of the present application is used to lock the front segment of the power cable at the initial position of the power pipeline in front of the power well, and finally the two sets of locking rings of the present application are pulled forward at the same time, thereby realizing the continuous laying of the power cable into the two segments of the power pipeline connected by the power well, which is very simple to operate. If the same power cable needs to be continuously laid into the third segment of the power pipeline, the above steps are repeated and the third set of the present application is used, which is very simple to operate. In summary, the present application is used to lay the power cable into the power pipeline, and one set of the present application is needed for each segment of the power pipeline between two power wells, although the number is large, but it can be quickly fixed with the power cable, fixed firmly without slipping during traction, simple to disassemble; it can selectively bidirectionally pull the power cable forward or backward, accurately adjust the reserved length of the power cable, is convenient and eliminates waste; it is labor-saving, does not need professional traction machinery assistance, does not need external power supply or oil gas, and can be manually pulled, thereby reducing the laying cost; it does not need large traction force to move the power cable, thereby eliminating strong pulling and hard pulling, ensuring the internal structure of the power cable and the safety of power supply; it has the function of automatically adjusting the tightness of the connection with the power cable, can adapt to traction of power cables of different thicknesses, has strong universality and low cost.

[0039] In the present embodiment, the automatic locking mechanism 3 comprises a slide 31 extending forward and backward on the inner arc side of the arc plate 2, which extends along a straight line in a manner that the front end is inclined outward and the rear end is inclined inward. A sliding block 32 is installed in the slide, and the slide and the sliding block are shaped such that the sliding block can only slide along the length direction of the slide. The sliding block is a wedge-shaped block with a wider front end and a narrower rear end in the radial direction, and the inner side wall of the sliding block close to the power cable is fixedly connected with the locking block 4. In the present patent application, the automatic locking mechanism mainly comprises two parts, i.e. the slide and the sliding block. The length direction of the slide, i.e. the sliding direction, is not straight forward, i.e. not parallel to the outer periphery of the power cable, but is inclined relative to the straight forward direction. The specific extension direction of the slide is that it extends along a straight line in a manner that the front end is inclined outward and the rear end is inclined inward. That is to say, the front end of the slide is far away from the center line of the locking ring, and the rear end of the slide is close to the center line of the locking ring. If the slide is a cavity structure, as viewed in the radial direction of the locking ring, the slide is a "wedge-shaped cavity" with a thicker front end and a thinner rear end. As the sliding block, the shape of the sliding block at the joint surface with the slide should be adapted to the shape of the corresponding surface of the slide, and the shapes of the two should ensure that the sliding block can only move along the length direction of the slide and cannot move relatively in other directions. In the present patent application, the sliding block is wedge-shaped, i.e. the front end is thicker and the rear end is thinner. Specifically, as viewed in the radial direction of the locking ring, the sliding block is a "wedge-shaped block" with a wider front end and a narrower rear end. In this way, the wedge-shaped block and the wedge-shaped cavity are correspondingly fitted, both of which are radially thicker in the front end and thinner in the rear end, and the inner side wall of the sliding block is fixedly connected with the locking block. Therefore, when the arc plate moves forward relative to the locking block, the wedge-shaped cavity will slide forward and backward relative to the wedge-shaped block, i.e. the wedge-shaped block will move to the rear part of the wedge-shaped cavity, at this time, the wedge-shaped block will move to the center direction in the radial direction of the locking ring, i.e. the locking block will be tightly attached to the surface of the power cable, thereby realizing the locking of the locking ring to the power cable. When unlocking is needed, the arc plate only needs to move backward relative to the locking block, so that the wedge-shaped block moves along the wedge-shaped cavity to the front end of the slide, i.e. the sliding block moves away from the power cable in the radial direction, thereby realizing the unlocking of the locking ring. In short, when the arc plate moves forward relative to the sliding block or the locking block, the sliding block or the locking block moves backward at the same time and extends out of the slide to lock the power cable, which is called the extended state or the clamped state for convenience of description; when the arc plate moves backward relative to the sliding block or the locking block, the sliding block or the locking block moves forward at the same time and retracts into the slide to release the power cable, which is called the retracted state or the released state for convenience of description. In summary, the automatic locking mechanism can lock or unlock the power cable by moving the arc plate forward or backward relative to the sliding block, and the operation is very simple.

[0040] In the embodiment, the front end of the arc plate 2 is fixed with a front pull ring 21, and the front pull ring is connected with a front pull rope 22. The rear end of the arc plate is fixed with a rear retreat ring 23, and the rear retreat ring is connected with a rear retreat rope 24. The rear end of the locking block is fixed with a rear pull ring 41, and the rear pull ring is connected with a rear pull rope 42. The front end of the locking block is fixed with a front retreat ring 43, and the front retreat ring is connected with a front retreat rope 44. In the patent application, the front end of each arc plate is fixed with a front pull ring, and the front pull ring is connected with a front pull rope. The main function of the front pull ring and the front pull rope is that the operator can control the arc plate to move forward by pulling the front pull rope at the front end of the power pipeline, so as to realize the function of the locking ring locking the power cable, and the power cable is continuously moved from the rear end of the power pipeline to the front end of the power pipeline by pulling the locking ring, which is simple to operate and can be operated by one person. In the patent application, the rear end of each locking block is fixed with a rear pull ring, and the rear pull ring is connected with a rear pull rope. The main function of the rear pull rope and the rear pull ring is that the operator can control the locking block in the locking state to move backward by pulling the rear pull rope at the rear end of the power pipeline, that is, control the power cable to move backward, so as to realize the function of adjusting the reserved length of the cable joint backward, that is, the function of reducing the reserved length. The reserved length can be increased by pulling the front pull rope forward, and the reserved length can be reduced by pulling the rear pull rope backward, which is very simple to operate. In the patent application, the rear end of each arc plate is also fixed with a rear retreat ring, and the rear retreat ring is connected with a rear retreat rope. The main function of the rear retreat ring and the rear retreat rope is to control the unlocking of the locking ring to the power cable, that is, to make the locking block radially away from the power cable, that is, to make the inner diameter of the locking ring greater than the outer diameter of the power cable, at this time, the locking ring can be freely axially moved on the power cable. When the power cable is laid in a section of the power pipeline and reaches the connecting pipeline well, if the second section of the power pipeline connected with the pipeline well needs to be laid, the locking ring needs to be unlocked and pulled back to the starting end of the power pipeline, then the locking ring is locked to the power cable again, then the front pull rope is pulled forward and the locking ring is pulled to the front end of the power pipeline, that is, the terminal. In the patent application, the front end of the locking block is fixed with a front retreat ring, and the front retreat ring is connected with a front retreat rope. The main function of the front retreat ring and the front retreat rope is to assist in unlocking, that is, when the rear retreat rope is pulled backward to fail to unlock the locking ring, the front retreat ring can be pulled forward at the same time to achieve the mode of forward and backward unlocking, which greatly improves the intensity and effect of unlocking and ensures the working reliability of the patent application.

[0041] In the present embodiment, the patent application also includes a sliding head 6 installed at the end of the power cable, which is a conical hollow cylinder with a front thin and rear thick structure. The inner side of the mouth of the sliding head is provided with an internal thread 61 that is screwed with the outer periphery of the front section of the power cable. The outer side of the mouth of the sliding head is provided with a head ring 62 that is in sliding cooperation with the front pulling rope or the front retraction rope. A silica gel pad 63 is arranged in the inner cavity of the sliding head, which can be elastically pressed together with the end of the power cable. One of the main functions of the sliding head in the present patent application is to reduce the resistance encountered by the front end of the power cable during laying by using the conical structure of the sliding head with a front thin and rear thick structure, thereby ensuring smooth laying of the power cable and helping to improve the laying efficiency. In the present patent application, the sliding head is a hollow cylindrical structure, with the tip leading and the barrel mouth facing backward. The number of sliding heads is several, and the thickness of the barrel mouth of each sliding head is adapted to the outer periphery of the corresponding power cable, which can improve the universality. The inner wall of the barrel mouth is provided with an internal thread, and the main function of the internal thread is to facilitate the quick tightening of the sliding head to the front end of the power cable. In the present patent application, the outer side of the mouth of the sliding head is provided with a head ring, which has two functions. One function is to increase the friction of the sliding head, which facilitates the tightening of the sliding head to the front end of the power cable. The second function of the sliding head is that the front pulling rope or the front retraction rope can pass through the head ring, so that when the front pulling rope or the front retraction rope is pulled forward, it can play a synchronous pulling and guiding role on the head of the power cable, which helps to achieve fast laying. In the present patent application, the head ring is inclined in a way that the part close to the sliding head is forward and the part away from the sliding head is backward. This arrangement can effectively reduce the friction between the head ring and the power pipeline during the laying of the power cable, greatly improving the smoothness of the laying. In the present patent application, a silica gel pad is arranged in the inner cavity of the sliding head. The main function of the silica gel pad is that when the sliding head is tightened to the end of the power cable, the silica gel pad can be elastically pressed together with the end of the power cable, which plays a sealing role on the end of the power cable, effectively preventing mud and water in the power pipeline from entering the power cable, and ensuring the safety of electricity use.

[0042] In the present embodiment, the thickness or color of the front pulling rope and the front retraction rope is different, and the thickness or color of the rear pulling rope and the rear retraction rope is different. In the present patent application, the thickness or color of the front pulling rope and the front retraction rope is set to be different, and the thickness or color of the rear pulling rope and the rear retraction rope is set to be different, mainly to facilitate the operator to distinguish. Because the ropes extending forward or backward are at least two, and each rope has a different function, after being set differently, the operator can quickly distinguish and then pull the corresponding rope to achieve the corresponding function, which helps to improve the work efficiency.

[0043] In the present embodiment, the inner side wall of the locking block 4 close to the power cable is a high-low uneven damping layer 45. In the present patent application, a damping layer is arranged on the inner side wall of the locking block, mainly to increase the friction when the locking block clamps the power cable, to prevent slipping and to ensure the locking effect and the working reliability.

[0044] The embodiment also comprises an auxiliary unlocking mechanism 5 for unlocking the locking block from the outer periphery of the power cable. The auxiliary unlocking mechanism comprises a straight rack 51 arranged on the side wall of the locking block. An arc plate is internally provided with a cavity 52 with an opening facing backward. A lever 54 is hingedly connected in the cavity through a hinge column 53. The control end of the lever is connected with an auxiliary rope 55, and the unlocking end of the lever can engage with the straight rack. A spring 56 is arranged in the cavity to push the lever and make the unlocking end of the lever away from the straight rack. After the auxiliary rope is pulled, the unlocking end of the lever pushes the locking block to slide forward relative to the arc plate through the straight rack to be unlocked. In the present patent application, the auxiliary unlocking mechanism is mainly composed of six parts, namely, the straight rack, the cavity, the hinge column, the lever, the auxiliary rope, and the spring. Among them, only the straight rack is arranged on the locking block, and the other five parts are arranged on the arc plate. Specifically, the straight rack is arranged on a side wall of the locking block located at the side, and the straight rack is in sliding fit with the corresponding slide way side wall. The straight rack is a long strip-shaped straight plate extending longitudinally, and a plurality of straight teeth extending transversely are uniformly arranged on the straight plate. The length direction of the straight rack is the sliding direction of the locking block. In this way, when the tooth groove of the straight rack is actuated, the straight rack will be driven to move in the sliding direction of the locking block. In the present patent application, the cavity is arranged in the middle of the arc plate, and the opening of the cavity faces backward. A lever is hingedly connected in the cavity through a hinge column, and the axis of the hinge column is perpendicular to the side wall where the straight rack is located. The two ends of the lever are respectively referred to as the control end and the unlocking end, the control end is connected with the auxiliary rope extending backward, and the unlocking end engages with the straight rack. In this way, when the auxiliary rope is pulled backward, the straight rack can be strongly prised forward by the lever, that is, the locking block is forced to move forward relative to the arc plate, that is, forced unlocking is achieved. In the present patent application, a spring is also arranged in the cavity, and the main function of the spring is to push the unlocking end of the lever away from the straight rack or to push the control end of the lever to swing forward to the forward limit position when the auxiliary rope is not pulled, that is, the function of returning the lever or the function of returning the auxiliary unlocking mechanism is achieved.

[0045] The embodiment also includes a traction method using the above power pipeline cable laying tractor: first, pass the front pull rope 22 through the cable pipeline to be laid; second, wrap each arc plate 2 around the front of the power cable in a front-to-back corresponding manner; third, tighten the sliding head 6 to the front end of the power cable; fourth, pass the rear section of the front pull rope 22 through the head ring 62 from front to back and secure it to at least two front pull rings 21; fifth, secure the front end of the rear pull rope 42 to at least two rear pull rings 41 and secure the front end of the backward pull rope 24 to the backward pull ring 23; sixth, keep the rear pull rope stationary in synchronization with the power cable while pushing the arc plates forward, push the locking block 4 radially towards the power cable through the arc plates, and achieve the locking of the locking block on the power cable; seventh, pull the front pull rope at the front end of the power pipeline, thereby pulling the power cable to move forward in synchronization and fill the power pipeline. In this patent application, the traction method of the power pipeline cable laying tractor mainly includes seven steps: first, the front pull rope is passed through the cable pipeline to be laid in advance, that is, the front pull rope is laid in advance into the power pipeline where the power cable is to be laid, preparing for the subsequent use of the front pull rope to pull the power pipeline. For convenience of description, the rear end of the power pipeline, that is, the starting end, is called the starting end, and the front end of the power pipeline, that is, the terminal end, is called the terminal end. Second, at the starting end of the power pipeline where the power cable is to be laid, wrap each arc plate around the outer periphery of the front of the power cable in a front-to-back corresponding manner, and connect them into a locking ring with a hinge shaft, preparing for the subsequent locking of the locking ring on the power cable. Third, select a sliding head corresponding to the caliber of the power cable to be laid, and tighten the sliding head to the front end of the power cable, protecting and sealing the end of the power cable. Fourth, pass the rear section of the front pull rope through the head ring of the sliding head from front to back, and bind it together with at least two front pull rings, preparing for pulling the power cable. Fifth, secure the front end of the rear pull rope to at least two rear pull rings, preparing for adjusting the reserved length of the power cable end joint through the rear pull rope. It is also necessary to bind the front end of the backward pull rope to the backward pull ring, which is to prepare for pulling back the locking ring when laying the next section of power cable. Sixth, keep the rear pull rope stationary in synchronization with the power cable while pushing the arc plates forward, which will cause a relative movement of the arc plates forward and the locking block backward. In this process, the automatic locking mechanism will push the locking block backward while pushing it radially towards the power cable, thereby achieving the locking of the locking block on the power cable, that is, the locking of the locking ring on the power cable. Seventh, pull the front pull rope at the front end of the power pipeline, thereby pulling the power cable to move forward in synchronization until the power pipeline is filled. In summary, the entire traction method has only seven steps, only one operator is needed at each end of the power pipeline, the operation is simple, the manpower is less, the efficiency is higher, and the use of large machinery is avoided, saving costs.

[0046] In the embodiment, the traction method of the power pipeline cable laying tractor further comprises the following steps: when it is necessary to adjust the reserved length of the front end of the power cable, the adjustment step is further needed, that is, the front end of the power cable is pushed backward with force, and the rear pulling rope is pulled backward to make the locking block 4 holding the front section of the power cable move backward synchronously, so that the power cable front end is reserved with a suitable length; when it is necessary to disassemble, the disassembly step is further needed, that is, the sliding head 6 is first unscrewed, then the hinge shaft between any two arc plates is disassembled, and finally the front pulling rope, the rear pulling rope and the backward pulling rope are disassembled; when it is necessary to reliably unlock the locking block, the reliable unlocking step is further needed, that is, the front end of the auxiliary rope 55 is connected to the control end of the lever before the seventh step, and the locking block is pried to slide forward relative to the arc plate to be separated from the power cable after the seventh step by pulling the auxiliary rope backward. In the patent application, the adjustment step, the reliable unlocking step and the disassembly step are further included according to different application scenarios. The adjustment step is suitable for occasions where the power cable is laid and the front end of the power cable is not reserved with a suitable reserved length. That is, when it is necessary to adjust the reserved length of the front end of the power cable, the worker at the front end of the power cable pushes the front end of the power cable backward with force, and the worker at the rear end of the power cable pulls the rear pulling rope backward to make the locking block holding the front section of the power cable move backward synchronously, so that the power cable front end is reserved with a suitable length. Strictly speaking, the above operation is to deal with the situation that the reserved length of the power cable is too long and causes waste. If the reserved length of the power cable is too short, the front pulling rope is continuously pulled forward in the normal way of laying the power cable, and the details have been described above and will not be repeated here. In summary, by the mutual cooperation of pulling the front pulling rope and the rear pulling rope, the reserved length of the power cable can be accurately controlled within an error range of 1 cm, which ensures the accuracy of the power cable laying and effectively prevents the waste of the power cable. In the patent application, the reliable unlocking step is suitable for occasions where the locking ring is not easy to unlock due to long time of keeping the locking state when laying a long power cable, or the traction force applied to the locking ring is too large to cause the locking state of the locking ring to be too tight and not easy to unlock. That is, when it is necessary to reliably unlock the locking ring, the front end of the auxiliary rope needs to be connected to the control end of the lever before the seventh step, and the lever and the straight rack are engaged to drive after the seventh step by pulling the auxiliary rope backward, so that the locking block is forcibly pried to slide forward relative to the arc plate to reach the aforementioned retracted state or the loosened state, that is, the locking ring is loosened from the power cable. Obviously, the reliable unlocking step is only a backup operation for special occasions, and is not a necessary operation for laying the power cable every time. Whether to use it needs to be determined according to the laying environment and the thickness of the power cable. In the patent application, the disassembly step is a backup operation that needs to be performed after all power pipelines are laid, and is not a necessary operation that needs to be performed every time a power pipeline is laid.That is, after the power cable is laid to all the power conduits that should be laid, that is, after the laying is completed, the sliding head is first unscrewed, and then the hinge shaft between any two arc plates is disassembled, so that the whole locking ring is disconnected, and thus the disconnected locking ring can be easily taken off from the power cable. Finally, the front pull rope, the rear pull rope and the rear retreat rope are disassembled, and the operation is very simple, and one person can complete it.

[0047] The embodiment also includes the following steps: when the power cable needs to be continuously laid to the subsequent power pipeline, the subsequent steps also need to be performed, that is, the front pull rope 22 is first detached from the head ring 62, and then all the backward pull ropes 24 or all the auxiliary ropes 55 are suddenly pulled backward to unlock the corresponding locking blocks 4 and the power cable, and then all the backward pull ropes, the auxiliary ropes and the backward pull ropes are continuously pulled backward to pull the arc plates 2 back to the starting end of the power pipeline, and then the sixth step is repeated; the first, second, fourth, fifth and sixth steps are repeated for another set of power pipeline cable laying traction devices relative to the subsequent power pipeline, and then all the front pull ropes 22 are pulled forward, so that the power cable is synchronously moved forward and laid in all the power pipelines; if the power cable needs to be continuously laid to the subsequent power pipeline, the subsequent steps are repeated; finally, the adjustment steps, the reliable unlocking steps and the disassembly steps are performed as needed. In this patent application, the subsequent steps for continuously laying the same power cable in the subsequent power pipelines connected by the power well are also included. That is, when the power cable needs to be continuously laid to the subsequent power pipeline, the front pull rope is first detached from the head ring, but the rear end of the front pull rope still needs to be fixedly connected with the front pull ring. Then all the backward pull ropes or all the auxiliary ropes are suddenly pulled backward, which is mainly to make the corresponding locking blocks and the power cable release the clamping fit. Then, all the backward pull ropes, the auxiliary ropes and the backward pull ropes are continuously pulled backward until the arc plates are pulled back to the starting end of the power pipeline, and the main purpose is to make the locking ring return to the original position to facilitate the preparation for laying the power cable. The next step is to repeat the sixth step, that is, the rear pull rope is kept relatively static with the power cable, and the arc plates are pushed forward to push the locking blocks radially to the power cable, that is, the locking ring is locked to achieve the locking of the locking ring on the power cable. Then another new power pipeline cable laying traction device is started, and the first, second, fourth, fifth and sixth steps are repeated for the new power pipeline cable laying traction device relative to the subsequent power pipeline to be laid. In short, the new power pipeline cable laying traction device is installed on the power cable at the starting end of the power pipeline to be continuously laid, and the front pull rope, the rear pull rope, the backward pull rope and the like are connected. The details have been described above and will not be repeated here. Then all the front pull ropes are pulled forward to pull the power cable synchronously forward and lay in all the power pipelines. When the power cable is laid in the two power pipelines connected by the power well and changed direction, the pulley device for changing direction is also installed in the power well, because the pulley device belongs to the public technical field in the power industry, and will not be repeated here. If the power cable needs to be continuously laid to the subsequent power pipeline, the subsequent steps are repeated. In theory, the number of power pipelines in which a power cable is laid by the power well is not limited. In practice, the total length of a power cable is limited, so the number of power pipelines in which a power cable is continuously laid is not many.Finally, according to the need to adjust the step, reliable unlocking step, disassembly step can be. The foregoing has been described in detail, here will not repeat.

Claims

1. A power pipeline cable laying puller, characterized in that: It includes at least two arc plates (2) that are hinged at both ends by hinge shafts (1) and can be looped around the outer periphery of the power cable. The inner arc side of the arc plate (2) is equipped with a locking block (4) by an automatic locking mechanism (3). When the arc plate is pulled forward, the locking block can automatically lock the power cable in the radial direction through the automatic locking mechanism and pull the power cable forward. When the locking block is pulled backward, the locking block can automatically lock the power cable in the radial direction through the automatic locking mechanism and pull the power cable backward. When the arc plate is pulled backward or the locking block is pulled forward, the automatic locking mechanism can automatically unlock the locking block and the power cable, and the arc plate slides along the axial direction of the power cable. The automatic locking mechanism (3) includes a slide (31) that extends forward and backward on the inner arc side of the arc plate (2). The slide (31) is inclined in a straight line with the front end tilting forward and outward and the rear end tilting backward and inward. A slider (32) is installed in the slide (31). The shape of the slide and the slider allows the slider to slide only along the length of the slide. The slider (32) is a wedge-shaped block with a wider front end and a narrower rear end in the radial direction. The inner wall of the slider (32) near the power cable is fixedly connected to the locking block (4). The front end of the arc plate (2) is fixed with a front pull ring (21), and a front pull rope (22) is connected to the front pull ring. The rear end of the arc plate (2) is fixed with a back pull ring (23), and a back pull rope (24) is connected to the back pull ring. The rear end of the locking block (4) is fixed with a back pull ring (41), and a back pull rope (42) is connected to the back pull ring. The front end of the locking block is fixed with a front pull ring (43), and a front pull rope (44) is connected to the front pull ring.

2. The power pipeline cable laying puller as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a slider (6) installed at the end of the power cable. The slider (6) is a conical hollow cylinder that is thinner at the front and thicker at the back. The inner side of the opening of the slider (6) is provided with an internal thread (61) that is screwed into the outer periphery of the front section of the power cable. The outer side of the opening of the slider is provided with a head ring (62) that is slidably engaged with the front pull rope (22) or the front pull rope (44). The inner cavity of the slider is provided with a silicone pad (63) that can be elastically pressed together with the end of the power cable.

3. The power pipeline cable laying puller as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The front pull rope and the front retreat rope are different in thickness or color; the back pull rope and the back retreat rope are different in thickness or color.

4. The power pipeline cable laying puller as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The locking block (4) is attached to the inner wall of the power cable, which is an uneven damping layer (45).

5. The power pipeline cable laying puller as described in claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes an auxiliary unlocking mechanism (5) for unlocking the locking block from the outer periphery of the power cable. The auxiliary unlocking mechanism (5) includes a rack (51) set on the side wall of the locking block (4), a cavity (52) with an opening facing backwards is provided in the arc plate, a lever (54) is hinged in the cavity (52) by a hinge pin (53), an auxiliary rope (55) is connected to the control end of the lever, the unlocking end of the lever can engage with the rack, and a spring (56) is provided in the cavity to push the lever away from the unlocking end of the lever. After pulling the auxiliary rope, the unlocking end of the lever pushes the locking block to slide forward relative to the arc plate to unlock.

6. A traction method using the power pipeline cable laying traction device described in claim 5, Its features are: First, the front pull rope (22) is passed through the cable duct to be laid; Second, each arc plate (2) is wrapped around the front of the power cable in a corresponding manner. Third step, tighten the slider (6) to the front end of the power cable; Fourth step, pass the rear section of the front pull rope (22) from front to back through the head ring (62) and fix it to at least two front pull rings (21); Fifth step, fix the front end of the rear pull rope (42) to at least two rear pull rings (41), and fix the front end of the back pull rope (24) to the back pull ring (23); Sixth step, keep the rear pull rope and the power cable stationary and push each arc plate forward at the same time, and push the locking block (4) radially towards the power cable through the arc plate to lock the power cable; Seventh step, pull the front pull rope forward at the front end of the power pipeline, thereby pulling the power cable forward synchronously and covering the power pipeline.

7. The traction method as described in claim 6, characterized in that: When it is necessary to adjust the reserved length of the front end of the power cable, an adjustment step is required, namely, to push the front end of the power cable backward with force, and at the same time pull the back rope backward so that the locking block (4) clamps the front end of the power cable and moves backward synchronously, so that the power cable front end is reserved with appropriate length; when it is necessary to disassemble, a disassembly step is required, namely, first unscrew the slide head (6), then remove the hinge shaft (1) between any two arc plates, and finally remove the front pull rope, the back pull rope, and the back pull rope; when it is necessary to reliably unlock the locking block (4), a reliable unlocking step is required, namely, before the seventh step, connect the front end of the auxiliary rope (55) to the control end of the lever, and after the seventh step, pull the auxiliary rope backward so that the locking block slides forward relative to the arc plate through the lever and disengages from the power cable.

8. The traction method as described in claim 7, characterized in that: When it is necessary to continue laying the power cable to the subsequent power pipeline, the following steps are required: First, detach the front pull rope (22) from the head ring, then pull all the back pull ropes (24) or all the auxiliary ropes (55) backward to unlock the corresponding locking block and power cable. Then, continue to pull all the back pull ropes (24), auxiliary ropes (55) and pull ropes backward to pull each arc plate back to the starting end of the power pipeline. Then repeat the sixth step above. Then, repeat the first, second, fourth, fifth and sixth steps above for another set of power pipeline cable laying pullers relative to the subsequent power pipeline. Then, pull all the front pull ropes (22) forward to pull the power cable forward synchronously and fill all the power pipelines. If it is necessary to continue laying the power cable to the subsequent power pipeline, repeat the following steps above. Finally, perform the above adjustment steps, reliable unlocking steps and disassembly steps as needed.

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