Frequency safety target construction method, system and device for multi-element frequency modulation resource frequency response characteristic analysis and medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a frequency safety target construction method, system and equipment for multi-element frequency modulation resource frequency response characteristic analysis, and a medium, and belongs to the technical field of power system scheduling, and the method comprises the steps: collecting the operation parameters of a thermal power generating unit, an energy storage device and a new energy inverter; establishing dynamic frequency response models including constraints such as response delay, power climbing, charge and discharge rate, energy capacity and virtual inertia, and uniformly coupling the models to form a system overall equivalent frequency response model; calculating the frequency offset, the frequency recovery time and the oscillation attenuation rate, constructing a frequency safety objective function in combination with an electric power system operation safety standard, inputting the frequency safety objective function into an electric power system dispatching optimization model, and realizing coordinated distribution of the thermal power generating unit, the energy storage device and the new energy inverter through optimization solution. According to the invention, collaborative optimization scheduling of multi-element frequency modulation resources is realized, the accuracy and safety of system frequency control are improved, and stable operation of a power system under a high-proportion new energy access condition is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power system dispatching technology, specifically to a method, system, equipment, and medium for constructing frequency security targets based on the frequency response characteristics analysis of multi-element frequency regulation resources. Background Technology

[0002] With the large-scale integration of new energy sources into the power system, the system inertia level and frequency stability margin have decreased significantly. Traditional power systems mainly rely on thermal power units to provide frequency regulation capabilities, and their primary and secondary frequency regulation mechanisms are gradually becoming unable to meet the needs of rapid frequency recovery under conditions of high proportion of new energy.

[0003] On the other hand, energy storage devices and new energy inverters are gradually being introduced into frequency regulation. Energy storage devices have the advantages of fast response and flexible bidirectional adjustment, but due to limitations in state of charge and capacity boundaries, their role in frequency control is often simplified and lacks dynamic constraint modeling. New energy inverters simulate synchronous machine characteristics through virtual inertia and virtual damping control techniques, but due to time delays and output boundaries in their response, their frequency regulation contribution is difficult to coordinate with the responses of thermal power and energy storage, making it difficult to quantify the overall system frequency security target. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, the technical problem solved by this invention is that: existing thermal power unit frequency response models often do not consider governor response delay and power ramp-up constraints, resulting in an overestimation of frequency regulation performance; energy storage device models often neglect energy capacity and time delay constraints; and new energy inverter models often fail to take into account the dynamic characteristics of virtual inertia and damping.

[0006] The dynamic frequency response characteristics of different types of frequency modulation resources lack unified coupled modeling in existing methods, which makes it impossible for the overall system frequency dynamic equation to truly reflect the synergistic effect of multi-element frequency modulation.

[0007] Although frequency offset, recovery time, and oscillation decay rate are key indicators for safe system operation, existing research lacks a unified objective function based on these indicators and power system operation safety standards, which cannot support the coordinated allocation of multi-frequency regulation resources in dispatch optimization.

[0008] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides the following technical solution: a method for constructing frequency security targets based on the frequency response characteristics analysis of multi-element frequency modulation resources, comprising,

[0009] Collect operating parameters of thermal power units, energy storage devices, and new energy inverters;

[0010] Based on the aforementioned operating parameters, dynamic frequency response models for thermal power units, energy storage devices, and new energy inverters are established respectively. The dynamic frequency response model for thermal power units is modeled by introducing governor response delay and power ramp-up constraints. The dynamic frequency response model for energy storage devices is modeled by introducing charge and discharge rates, energy capacity, and output delay. The dynamic frequency response model for new energy inverters is modeled by introducing virtual inertia control and response delay.

[0011] The dynamic frequency response models of thermal power units, energy storage devices, and new energy inverters are coupled in a unified manner to establish an overall equivalent frequency response model of the system.

[0012] The frequency offset, frequency recovery time, and oscillation attenuation rate are calculated using the overall equivalent frequency response model of the system.

[0013] According to the power system operation safety standards, the frequency offset, frequency recovery time, and oscillation attenuation rate are constructed as the frequency safety objective function;

[0014] The frequency security objective function is input into the power system dispatch optimization model, which includes power balance constraints, thermal power unit operation constraints, energy storage device operation constraints, and new energy inverter operation constraints. The frequency security objective function is used as the optimization objective, and the coordinated allocation scheme of thermal power units, energy storage devices, and new energy inverters is obtained through optimization solution.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the frequency security target construction method for analyzing the frequency response characteristics of multi-frequency modulation resources described in this invention, the construction of the dynamic frequency response model of the thermal power unit includes: collecting the operating parameters of the thermal power unit, including the governor time constant, speed regulation coefficient, frequency dead zone width, maximum upward power ramp rate, maximum downward power ramp rate, and upper and lower limits of unit output.

[0016] Collect the operating frequency of the power system and calculate the system frequency offset, and use the system frequency offset as the model input;

[0017] The system frequency offset is processed according to the frequency dead zone width to obtain the frequency offset after dead zone processing;

[0018] The frequency offset after dead zone processing is converted into a change in unit power setpoint according to the speed adjustment coefficient.

[0019] The power command change is delayed according to the time constant of the speed controller to obtain the delayed power command.

[0020] Apply a rate of change constraint to the delayed power command based on the uplink maximum power ramp rate and the downlink maximum power ramp rate to obtain a ramp-constrained power command;

[0021] The power command constrained by the ramp is superimposed with the current active power output of the unit, and saturation constraints are applied according to the upper and lower limits of the unit output to obtain the dynamic response of the unit's active power output.

[0022] A dynamic frequency response model for thermal power units is established based on the correspondence between the input quantity and the dynamic response quantity.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this preferred technical solution are as follows: by introducing governor response delay and power ramping constraints in the dynamic frequency response modeling process of thermal power units, the model can truly reflect the physical response process of the unit under frequency disturbances, avoiding the problem of overly idealized unit power regulation models in existing technologies; this method effectively prevents misjudgment of frequency stability caused by changes in unit output exceeding actual ramping capacity or ignoring response delay, thereby improving the predictability and reliability of thermal power units in system frequency control.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment of the frequency security target construction method for analyzing the frequency response characteristics of multi-element frequency modulation resources described in this invention, the construction of the dynamic frequency response model of the energy storage device includes collecting the operating parameters of the energy storage device, including rated charging and discharging power, energy capacity, state of charge, maximum charging rate, maximum discharging rate, and output delay.

[0025] Collect the operating frequency of the power system and calculate the system frequency offset, and use the system frequency offset as the model input;

[0026] The available power range of the energy storage device at the current moment is determined based on the state of charge and energy capacity.

[0027] The system frequency offset is converted into an initial power command based on the rated charge and discharge power.

[0028] The initial power command is rate-constrained according to the maximum charging rate and the maximum discharging rate to obtain a rate-constrained power command.

[0029] The power command subject to rate constraints is delayed according to the output delay to obtain the delayed power command;

[0030] The delayed power command is superimposed with the available power range and bounded to obtain the actual active power output of the energy storage device;

[0031] A dynamic frequency response model for the energy storage device is established using the system frequency offset as the input and the actual active power output as the output.

[0032] The beneficial effects of this preferred technical solution are as follows: by introducing constraints such as charge and discharge rate, energy capacity and output delay into the dynamic frequency response modeling of the energy storage device, the adjustable power range and dynamic response characteristics of the energy storage device under different charging states can be accurately reflected; this technical solution overcomes the defects of existing methods in energy storage models that ignore energy boundaries and delay effects, avoids invalid commands that exceed the energy storage capacity in scheduling optimization, thereby improving the feasibility and safety of energy storage participating in frequency regulation.

[0033] As a preferred embodiment of the frequency security target construction method for analyzing the frequency response characteristics of multi-element frequency modulation resources described in this invention, the construction of the dynamic frequency response model of the new energy inverter includes collecting the operating parameters of the new energy inverter, including virtual inertia coefficient, virtual damping coefficient, maximum active power output, minimum active power output, and output response delay.

[0034] Collect the operating frequency of the power system and calculate the system frequency offset and frequency change rate, and use the system frequency offset and frequency change rate as model inputs;

[0035] The frequency change rate is processed based on the virtual inertia coefficient to obtain the active power component corresponding to the inertia response.

[0036] The system frequency offset is processed based on the virtual damping coefficient to obtain the active power component corresponding to the damping response.

[0037] The active power components of the inertial response and the active power components of the damped response are superimposed to obtain the initial active power command.

[0038] The initial active power command is delayed according to the output response delay to obtain the delayed active power command;

[0039] The delayed active power command is bounded with the maximum and minimum active power outputs to obtain the actual active power output of the new energy inverter.

[0040] A dynamic frequency response model for the new energy inverter is established using the system frequency offset and frequency change rate as inputs and the actual active power output as output.

[0041] The beneficial effects of this preferred technical solution are as follows: by introducing virtual inertia control and virtual damping control in the dynamic frequency response modeling of new energy inverters, and combining response delay and output boundary, the inverter can provide inertia support and damping support similar to that of traditional synchronous machines when frequency disturbances occur. This solution effectively makes up for the lack of natural inertia and damping characteristics in new energy output, avoids the risk of frequency fluctuations being amplified, and improves the frequency stability level of the power system under the condition of high proportion of new energy access.

[0042] As a preferred embodiment of the frequency security target construction method for analyzing the frequency response characteristics of multi-element frequency regulation resources described in this invention, the establishment of the overall equivalent frequency response model of the system includes: the dynamic frequency response model of the thermal power unit outputting the active power output of the unit; the dynamic frequency response model of the energy storage device outputting the active power output of the energy storage; and the dynamic frequency response model of the new energy inverter outputting the active power output of the inverter.

[0043] The active power output of the generator unit, the active power output of the energy storage, and the active power output of the inverter are summed in active power units to obtain the total active power output of the multi-frequency regulation resources.

[0044] The load disturbance power is calculated based on the difference between the real-time load measurement value and the reference load forecast value monitored by the power system dispatch.

[0045] The system power balance equation is constructed using the load disturbance power and the total active power output. Combined with the power system equivalent inertia parameters and equivalent damping parameters, a system frequency dynamic equation is established to describe the overall equivalent frequency response model of the system.

[0046] As a preferred embodiment of the frequency security objective construction method for analyzing the frequency response characteristics of multi-element frequency modulation resources according to the present invention, the step of constructing the frequency offset, frequency recovery time, and oscillation attenuation rate as the frequency security objective function includes:

[0047] Determine the limit parameters corresponding to frequency offset, frequency recovery time, and oscillation attenuation rate in the power system operation safety standards;

[0048] Establish a set of frequency safety constraints by establishing a relationship between the frequency offset and its limit, a relationship between the frequency recovery time and its limit, and a relationship between the oscillation attenuation rate and its limit;

[0049] Constant coefficients are set based on the importance of frequency offset, frequency recovery time, and oscillation attenuation rate in power system operation safety standards.

[0050] A frequency safety objective function is constructed by combining the frequency offset, frequency recovery time, oscillation attenuation rate, and the constant coefficients.

[0051] As a preferred embodiment of the frequency security objective construction method for analyzing the frequency response characteristics of multi-element frequency modulation resources described in this invention, the step of obtaining a coordinated allocation scheme for thermal power units, energy storage devices, and new energy inverters through optimization includes constructing the frequency security objective function with power balance constraints, thermal power unit operation constraints, energy storage device operation constraints, and new energy inverter operation constraints as a unified optimization problem.

[0052] The optimization problem is solved using a mixed-integer linear programming method.

[0053] The solution process yields a coordinated allocation scheme for thermal power units, energy storage devices, and new energy inverters that satisfies the frequency security objective function.

[0054] This invention provides a frequency security target construction system for analyzing the frequency response characteristics of multi-element frequency modulation resources.

[0055] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a frequency security target construction system for analyzing the frequency response characteristics of multi-element frequency modulation resources, comprising: a parameter acquisition module for acquiring operating parameters of thermal power units, energy storage devices and new energy inverters;

[0056] The model building module is used to establish dynamic frequency response models of thermal power units, energy storage devices, and new energy inverters based on the operating parameters.

[0057] The model coupling module is used to uniformly couple the dynamic frequency response model of the thermal power unit, the dynamic frequency response model of the energy storage device, and the dynamic frequency response model of the new energy inverter to establish an overall equivalent frequency response model of the system.

[0058] The parameter calculation module is used to calculate the frequency offset, frequency recovery time, and oscillation attenuation rate using the overall equivalent frequency response model of the system.

[0059] The target construction module is used to construct the frequency offset, frequency recovery time and oscillation attenuation rate into a frequency safety objective function based on the power system operation safety standards.

[0060] The scheduling optimization module is used to input the frequency security objective function into the power system scheduling optimization model, and obtain the coordinated allocation scheme of thermal power units, energy storage devices and new energy inverters through optimization solution with the frequency security objective function as the optimization objective.

[0061] The present invention provides a computer device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, characterized in that the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the frequency security target construction method for analyzing the frequency response characteristics of multi-element frequency modulation resources.

[0062] The present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the frequency security target construction method for analyzing the frequency response characteristics of multi-element frequency modulation resources.

[0063] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By collecting operating parameters of thermal power units, energy storage devices, and new energy inverters, this invention establishes frequency response models containing key dynamic constraints for each unit, and couples them together to form a unified equivalent frequency response model of the system. This model can accurately reflect the dynamic characteristics of multiple frequency regulation resources under power system frequency disturbances. Based on this model, frequency offset, frequency recovery time, and oscillation attenuation rate are calculated, and a frequency security objective function is constructed in conjunction with power system operation safety standards, avoiding the problems of ambiguous objectives and incomplete constraints in existing technologies. Furthermore, this objective function is input into the power system dispatch optimization model, and by coordinating the output allocation of thermal power units, energy storage devices, and new energy inverters, the collaborative optimization dispatch of multiple frequency regulation resources is achieved, improving the accuracy and security of system frequency control and ensuring the stable operation of the power system under conditions of high proportion of new energy access. Attached Figure Description

[0064] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0065] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the overall process of constructing a frequency security target for analyzing the frequency response characteristics of multi-element frequency modulation resources, as provided in one embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0066] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0067] Example 1, referring to Figure 1 This is one embodiment of the present invention, which provides a method for constructing frequency security targets based on the frequency response characteristics analysis of multi-element frequency modulation resources, including:

[0068] Step 1: Collect operating parameters of thermal power units, energy storage devices, and new energy inverters;

[0069] The parameter acquisition is based on the power system dispatch monitoring automation system (SCADA) and synchronous phasor measurement unit (PMU) to ensure that the parameters can be acquired in real time and used for subsequent model calculations. Among them, the operating parameters of thermal power units are collected through the unit monitoring and dispatching system, including governor time constant, speed regulation coefficient, frequency dead zone width, current active power output of the unit, maximum power ramp rate of the uplink, maximum power ramp rate of the downlink, and upper and lower limits of unit output, which are used to establish the dynamic frequency response model of thermal power units.

[0070] The operating parameters of the energy storage device are collected by the energy storage management system, including rated charge and discharge power, energy capacity, real-time state of charge, maximum charging rate, maximum discharging rate and output delay, etc., which are used to establish the dynamic frequency response model of the energy storage device.

[0071] The operating parameters of the new energy inverter are collected by the inverter control system, including virtual inertia coefficient, virtual damping coefficient, current active power, maximum active power output, minimum active power output, and output response delay, which are used to establish the dynamic frequency response model of the new energy inverter.

[0072] The operating frequency and rate of change of the power system are measured in real time by the synchronous phasor measurement unit (PMU) and used as inputs to the aforementioned dynamic frequency response models.

[0073] Step 2: Based on the operating parameters, establish dynamic frequency response models for thermal power units, energy storage devices, and new energy inverters, respectively. The dynamic frequency response model for thermal power units is modeled by introducing governor response delay and power ramp-up constraints. The dynamic frequency response model for energy storage devices is modeled by introducing charge / discharge rate, energy capacity, and output delay. The dynamic frequency response model for new energy inverters is modeled by introducing virtual inertia control and response delay.

[0074] In step 2, the construction of the dynamic frequency response model of the thermal power unit includes collecting the operating parameters of the thermal power unit, including the governor time constant, speed regulation coefficient, frequency dead zone width, maximum power ramp rate, maximum power ramp rate and upper and lower limits of unit output.

[0075] Collect the operating frequency of the power system and calculate the system frequency offset, and use the system frequency offset as the model input;

[0076] The system frequency offset is processed according to the frequency dead zone width to obtain the frequency offset after dead zone processing;

[0077] The frequency offset after dead zone processing is converted into a change in unit power setpoint according to the speed adjustment coefficient.

[0078] The power command change is delayed according to the time constant of the speed controller to obtain the delayed power command.

[0079] Apply a rate of change constraint to the delayed power command based on the uplink maximum power ramp rate and the downlink maximum power ramp rate to obtain a ramp-constrained power command;

[0080] The power command constrained by the ramp is superimposed with the current active power output of the unit, and saturation constraints are applied according to the upper and lower limits of the unit output to obtain the dynamic response of the unit's active power output.

[0081] A dynamic frequency response model for thermal power units is established based on the correspondence between the input quantity and the dynamic response quantity.

[0082] In step 2, the construction of the dynamic frequency response model of the thermal power unit includes: collecting the operating parameters of the thermal power unit, including the governor time constant T. g Speed ​​regulation coefficient R, frequency dead zone width δf, and maximum uplink power ramp rate R up Downlink maximum power ramp rate R down and the upper and lower limits of unit output P min ,P max Among them, T g R is obtained from the unit's DCS parameters, and δf is identified by the governor's non-inductive zone setting or small disturbance test. up ,R down P is obtained from unit technical specifications or historical data statistics. min ,P max Determined by the unit nameplate and operating procedures. The power system operating frequency f[k] is collected, and based on the rated frequency f... nom Calculate the system frequency offset:

[0083] Δf[k]=f[k]-f nom

[0084] Where f[k] represents the power system operating frequency at time k, collected by the grid-side PMU or dispatch monitoring system; f nom The system's rated frequency is represented by 50Hz; Δf[k] represents the system's frequency offset.

[0085] The frequency offset is processed by dead-time handling:

[0086]

[0087] Where, Δf eff[k] represents the effective frequency offset; sgn(·) is the sign function.

[0088] The change in power setpoint is converted based on the speed regulation coefficient:

[0089] ΔP set [k]=-K g ·Δf eff [k]

[0090] Where, ΔP set [k] represents the change in power input; K g The proportional gain of the speed controller is calculated using the following formula:

[0091]

[0092] Among them, P rated This indicates the rated power of the unit, which is determined by the parameters on the unit's nameplate.

[0093] The change in power input is processed by delaying the time constant of the speed controller:

[0094]

[0095] Where, ΔP gov [k] represents the output power command considering the dynamic characteristics of the speed governor; Δt represents the sampling period, which depends on the data rate of the monitoring system. A power ramp-up rate constraint is applied to the delayed power command:

[0096] ΔP ramp [k]=ΔP ramp [k-1]+clip(ΔP gov [k]-ΔP ramp [k-1],-R down Δt,R up Δt

[0097] Where, ΔP ramp [k] represents the power command constrained by the ramp rate; clip(x,a,b) restricts the input x to the interval [a,b]. Calculate the target output:

[0098] P target [k]=P0[k]+ΔP ramp [k]

[0099] Wherein, P0[k] represents the current active power output of the unit at time k, which is collected by the dispatch monitoring or the power plant's DCS system.

[0100] The target output is then constrained by upper and lower limits to obtain the actual output:

[0101] P gen [k] = min(max(P)target [k],P min ),P max )

[0102] Among them, P gen [k] represents the dynamic response of the unit's active power output at time k.

[0103] With Δf[k] as the input, P gen [k] represents the output quantity, and a dynamic frequency response model for thermal power units is constructed.

[0104] Furthermore, the construction of the dynamic frequency response model of the energy storage device includes collecting the operating parameters of the energy storage device, including rated charge and discharge power, energy capacity, state of charge, maximum charging rate, maximum discharging rate, and output delay.

[0105] Collect the operating frequency of the power system and calculate the system frequency offset, and use the system frequency offset as the model input;

[0106] The available power range of the energy storage device at the current moment is determined based on the state of charge and energy capacity.

[0107] The system frequency offset is converted into an initial power command based on the rated charge and discharge power.

[0108] The initial power command is rate-constrained according to the maximum charging rate and the maximum discharging rate to obtain a rate-constrained power command.

[0109] The power command subject to rate constraints is delayed according to the output delay to obtain the delayed power command;

[0110] The delayed power command is superimposed with the available power range and bounded to obtain the actual active power output of the energy storage device;

[0111] A dynamic frequency response model for the energy storage device is established using the system frequency offset as the input and the actual active power output as the output.

[0112] Furthermore, the construction of the dynamic frequency response model of the energy storage device includes: collecting the operating parameters of the energy storage device, including the rated charge and discharge power. Energy capacity E cap State of charge (SOC)[k], maximum charging rate (R) ch Maximum discharge rate R dis and output delay in, E cap Obtained from the equipment nameplate and manufacturer parameters; SOC[k] is collected in real time by the battery management system (BMS); R chR dis Determined based on equipment operating procedures or historical data; Identification can be obtained through experiments or from the manufacturer's technical manual.

[0113] Collect the operating frequency f[k] of the power system, and based on the rated frequency f nom Calculate the system frequency offset:

[0114] Δf[k]=f[k]-f nom

[0115] Wherein, Δf[k] is consistent with the thermal power unit part, representing the system frequency offset.

[0116] Determine the current available power range based on the state of charge and energy capacity:

[0117]

[0118] in, This represents the maximum rechargeable power at time k (a negative value indicates charging); This represents the maximum dischargeable power; Δt is the sampling period.

[0119] Convert the system frequency offset into an initial power command:

[0120]

[0121] in, Indicates initial power command; K ESS The frequency response coefficient of energy storage can be set through frequency modulation tests or control strategies.

[0122] Apply rate constraints to the initial power command:

[0123]

[0124] in, This represents the power command after being limited by the charge / discharge rate; clip(x,a,b) is the interval cutoff function.

[0125] Considering output delay:

[0126]

[0127] in, This indicates a power command that takes into account the output delay.

[0128] Apply boundary constraints between the delayed power command and the available power range:

[0129]

[0130] Among them, PESS [k] represents the actual active power output of the energy storage device at time k.

[0131] With Δf[k] as the input, P ESS [k] represents the output quantity, and a dynamic frequency response model for the energy storage device is established.

[0132] Furthermore, the construction of the dynamic frequency response model of the new energy inverter includes collecting the operating parameters of the new energy inverter, including the virtual inertia coefficient, virtual damping coefficient, maximum active power output, minimum active power output, and output response delay.

[0133] Collect the operating frequency of the power system and calculate the system frequency offset and frequency change rate, and use the system frequency offset and frequency change rate as model inputs;

[0134] The frequency change rate is processed based on the virtual inertia coefficient to obtain the active power component corresponding to the inertia response.

[0135] The system frequency offset is processed based on the virtual damping coefficient to obtain the active power component corresponding to the damping response.

[0136] The active power components of the inertial response and the active power components of the damped response are superimposed to obtain the initial active power command.

[0137] The initial active power command is delayed according to the output response delay to obtain the delayed active power command;

[0138] The delayed active power command is bounded with the maximum and minimum active power outputs to obtain the actual active power output of the new energy inverter.

[0139] A dynamic frequency response model for the new energy inverter is established using the system frequency offset and frequency change rate as inputs and the actual active power output as output.

[0140] Furthermore, the construction of the dynamic frequency response model of the new energy inverter includes: collecting the operating parameters of the new energy inverter, wherein the operating parameters include the virtual inertia coefficient K. iner Virtual damping coefficient K damp Maximum active power output Minimum active power output and output response delay Among them, K iner K damp It is obtained from inverter controller parameters or through small disturbance identification; Determined by the grid connection point operating limits and the equipment nameplate; Identify from the manufacturer's technical manual or a step test. Collect the power system operating frequency sequence f[k], and then analyze it at the rated frequency f. nom Calculate the system frequency offset.

[0141] Δf[k]=f[k]-f nom

[0142] Where f[k] represents the system frequency at the k-th sampling time; f nom The rated frequency is represented by Δf[k], and the system frequency offset is represented by Δf[k]. The sampling period is denoted as Δt, which is determined by the measurement system data rate.

[0143] Calculate the rate of change of frequency as input to the virtual inertia loop:

[0144]

[0145] in, Δt represents the rate of change of frequency offset at time k; Δt is the sampling period; Δf[k-1] is the frequency offset of the previous sampling point.

[0146] By processing the frequency change rate using the virtual inertia coefficient, the active power component of the inertia response is obtained:

[0147]

[0148] Among them, P iner [k] represents the active power component generated by the virtual inertia loop at time k; K iner This represents the virtual inertia coefficient (unit: MW / Hz / s), which is obtained by reading controller parameters or by performing a test at a known frequency slope. Calculation and identification.

[0149] The frequency offset is processed based on the virtual damping coefficient to obtain the active power component of the damped response:

[0150] P damp [k]=-K damp ·Δf[k]

[0151] Among them, P damp [k] represents the active power component generated by the virtual damping ring at time k; K damp This represents the virtual damping coefficient (unit: MW / Hz), which can be obtained by reading controller parameters or by pressing K during a small-amplitude steady-state frequency deviation test. damp =-P damp / Δf calculation and identification.

[0152] By superimposing the inertia and damping components, the initial active power command is obtained:

[0153]

[0154] in, This represents the initial active power command at time k.

[0155] Time-domain delay processing based on output response delay:

[0156]

[0157] in, This indicates a power command that takes into account the output response delay; Indicates and The corresponding number of discrete sampling points; round(·) indicates rounding to the nearest integer.

[0158] By applying boundary constraints to the delayed power command based on the maximum / minimum active power output, the actual active power output of the new energy inverter can be obtained:

[0159]

[0160] Among them, P INV [k] represents the actual active power output of the renewable energy inverter at time k; and These represent the maximum and minimum active power output limits allowed for grid connection, respectively.

[0161] Using Δf[k] and Δf[k] as inputs, and P as the input... INV [k] represents the dynamic frequency response model of the new energy inverter for the output. In the above symbols,

[0162] Step 3: Unify and couple the dynamic frequency response models of thermal power units, energy storage devices, and new energy inverters to establish an overall equivalent frequency response model of the system.

[0163] In step 3, establishing the overall equivalent frequency response model of the system includes: the dynamic frequency response model of the thermal power unit outputting the active power output of the unit; the dynamic frequency response model of the energy storage device outputting the active power output of the energy storage; and the dynamic frequency response model of the new energy inverter outputting the active power output of the inverter.

[0164] The active power output of the generator unit, the active power output of the energy storage, and the active power output of the inverter are summed in active power units to obtain the total active power output of the multi-frequency regulation resources.

[0165] The load disturbance power is calculated based on the difference between the real-time load measurement value and the reference load forecast value monitored by the power system dispatch.

[0166] The system power balance equation is constructed using the load disturbance power and the total active power output. Combined with the power system equivalent inertia parameters and equivalent damping parameters, a system frequency dynamic equation is established to describe the overall equivalent frequency response model of the system.

[0167] The output of the dynamic frequency response model of a thermal power unit is denoted as P. TH [k], the output of the dynamic frequency response model of the energy storage device is denoted as P. ES [k], the output of the dynamic frequency response model of the new energy inverter is denoted as P. INV [k].

[0168] The total active power output of the three types of frequency modulation resources at time k is:

[0169] P RES [k]=P TH [k]+P ES [k]+P INV [k]

[0170] Among them, P RES [k] represents the total active power output of the multi-element frequency modulation resources at time k; P TH [k] represents the active power output of the thermal power unit output from the dynamic frequency response model; P ES [k] represents the active power output of the energy storage device as output by the dynamic frequency response model; P INV [k] represents the active power output of the inverter as output by the dynamic frequency response model of the new energy inverter.

[0171] The power system dispatching and monitoring platform can provide load measurement values ​​in real time. And a reference load value is given in conjunction with the prediction model. The difference between the two values ​​yields the load disturbance power:

[0172]

[0173] in, This represents the actual load measurement of the power system at time k (collected through the dispatch monitoring system); ΔP represents the predicted load value of the power system at time k (obtained through day-ahead or real-time load forecasting models); load [k] represents the load disturbance power at time k.

[0174] The system power balance equation can be expressed as:

[0175] ΔP sys [k]=ΔP load [k]-P RES [k]

[0176] Wherein, ΔP sys[k] represents the power imbalance of the system at time k;

[0177] A positive value indicates that the load disturbance exceeds the frequency regulation resource compensation, while a negative value indicates that the frequency regulation resource is overcompensated.

[0178] Combining the equivalent inertia parameter H of the power system eq and equivalent damping parameter D eq Construct the system frequency dynamic equation:

[0179]

[0180] Among them, H eq D represents the system's equivalent inertia constant (obtained by converting the inertia of the grid-connected units and the virtual inertia control equipment, in seconds); eq The equivalent damping coefficient of the system is represented by Δf(t), which is calculated from the speed regulation characteristics of the grid-connected unit, the load frequency characteristics, and the virtual damping, in MW / Hz. Δf(t) represents the frequency offset of the system at time t. ΔP represents the rate of change of frequency offset. sys (t) represents the power imbalance of the system at time t.

[0181] Step 4: Calculate the frequency offset, frequency recovery time, and oscillation attenuation rate using the overall equivalent frequency response model of the system.

[0182] Furthermore, the forward Euler scheme is used to process the system's frequency dynamic equations, which are expressed as:

[0183]

[0184] Where Δf[k] is the frequency offset of the kth sampling point; Δt is the sampling period (s), determined by the PMU / SCADA data rate; ΔP sys [k-1] represents the system power imbalance at point k-1. The initial value Δf[k0-1] is taken as the steady-state mean before the disturbance (generally 0). Determination of k0: The initial sampling point k0 of the disturbance is determined by step detection, for example, using ΔP at point N before the disturbance. sys mean With standard deviation σ P As the baseline, when The time is determined as the starting point of the disturbance (3σ) P To measure the noise statistical threshold, it can be estimated based on historical data within the station.

[0185] The calculation of the maximum frequency offset is expressed as follows:

[0186]

[0187] Where, Δf maxThe maximum frequency offset (Hz) is directly obtained from the absolute peak value of the discrete solution Δf[k]; corresponding to the time t. max =k max Δt can be recorded as data for the instruction manual.

[0188] The frequency recovery time is calculated as follows: Given the allowable bandwidth Δf specified by the operational safety standard. band >0 (Hz) and the residence criterion τ dwell >0(s), and converted to the number of sampling points.

[0189]

[0190] Starting from the disturbance origin k0, search for the earliest sampling point k. r Make

[0191]

[0192] Frequency recovery time is defined as

[0193] T rec =(k r -k0)Δt

[0194] Where, Δf band ,τ dwell The data is taken from power grid operation safety standards or dispatch rules (such as provincial / regional grid frequency qualification criteria), provided by the dispatching department or adopted according to the grid connection agreement.

[0195] The calculation of the oscillation decay rate is expressed as follows: first, detect the effective extreme values ​​on the Δf[k] sequence, and set the peak detection threshold ε. f >0 (Hz) to suppress noise; define the effective peak amplitudes of two adjacent peaks with the same sign as A1 and A2 (A1>A2>ε). f ). Calculate the logarithmic decrease.

[0196]

[0197] The oscillation decay rate is given by the logarithmic decrease.

[0198] γ = 1 - e -δ

[0199] Where δ is the logarithmic decrease in amplitude between adjacent peaks (dimensionless); γ∈(0,1) is the amplitude decay rate for each oscillation period (dimensionless, a larger γ indicates faster decay). Peak threshold ε f It can be measured according to the standard deviation of noise σ f Take 3σ f Or set according to the standard test protocol.

[0200] Handling the case without oscillation: If in [k0, k0+T] win / Δt] window (T win If no two valid peaks with the same sign are detected within the analysis window (e.g., 20-60s), the response is determined to be non-oscillatory or overdamped. γ is denoted as meeting the minimum attenuation requirement (treated as qualified in optimization and verification). This criterion comes from the non-oscillatory qualified item of the operational safety standard (specific clause mapping can be given in the example).

[0201] Step 5: Based on the power system operation safety standards, construct the frequency offset, frequency recovery time, and oscillation attenuation rate into a frequency safety objective function;

[0202] In step 5, constructing the frequency offset, frequency recovery time, and oscillation attenuation rate into a frequency security objective function includes:

[0203] Determine the limit parameters corresponding to frequency offset, frequency recovery time, and oscillation attenuation rate in the power system operation safety standards;

[0204] Establish a set of frequency safety constraints by establishing a relationship between the frequency offset and its limit, a relationship between the frequency recovery time and its limit, and a relationship between the oscillation attenuation rate and its limit;

[0205] Constant coefficients are set based on the importance of frequency offset, frequency recovery time, and oscillation attenuation rate in power system operation safety standards.

[0206] A frequency safety objective function is constructed by combining the frequency offset, frequency recovery time, oscillation attenuation rate, and the constant coefficients.

[0207] Specifically, establish a set of frequency security constraints:

[0208] Δf max ≤Δf lim ,T rec ≤T rec,lim ,γ≥γ lim

[0209] Where, Δf max The maximum offset calculated from the frequency-time history Δf[k] in step 4; T rec γ is the recovery time calculated in step 4 according to the allowable band and dwell criterion; γ is the oscillation attenuation rate calculated in step 4 according to the logarithmic reduction or adjacent peak attenuation ratio.

[0210] To characterize the degree of limit violation in a linear form during subsequent scheduling optimization, a non-negative loose variable is introduced:

[0211] Δf max -Δf lim ≤s f ,s f ≥0; Trec -T rec,lim ≤s t ,s t ≥0; γ lim -γ≤s g ,s g ≥0

[0212] Among them, s f s t s g These represent the excess values ​​of frequency offset, recovery time, and oscillation decay rate (taken as 0 when the corresponding hard constraints are met), with units of Hz, s, and dimensionless, respectively.

[0213] To eliminate dimensional differences, a normalized excess quantity is defined:

[0214]

[0215] Where, σ f σ t σ g These are dimensionless quantities, used to measure the percentage of each of the three indicators exceeding their respective limits. A weighting coefficient α is set. f >0、α t >0、α g >0, corresponding to the importance of frequency offset, recovery time and oscillation decay rate in the power system operation safety standard, respectively; the weights are configured by the dispatching agency according to the severity classification of standard clauses, historical event risk assessment or compliance assessment strategy, and are constants.

[0216] Construct the frequency security objective function:

[0217] J safe =α f σ f +α t σ t +α g σ g

[0218] Among them, J safe Let σ be the frequency security objective function (dimensionless); when all three hard constraints are satisfied, σ f =σ t =σ g =0, J safe =0; When any indicator exceeds the limit, the corresponding item is punished linearly according to the excess ratio, and the value is proportional to the excess range.

[0219] Step 6: Input the frequency security objective function into the power system dispatch optimization model. The power system dispatch optimization model includes power balance constraints, thermal power unit operation constraints, energy storage device operation constraints, and new energy inverter operation constraints. Using the frequency security objective function as the optimization objective, the coordinated allocation scheme of thermal power units, energy storage devices, and new energy inverters is obtained through optimization solution.

[0220] In step 6, obtaining the coordinated allocation scheme of thermal power units, energy storage devices and new energy inverters through optimization includes constructing the frequency security objective function with power balance constraints, thermal power unit operation constraints, energy storage device operation constraints and new energy inverter operation constraints into a unified optimization problem;

[0221] The optimization problem is solved using a mixed-integer linear programming method.

[0222] The solution process yields a coordinated allocation scheme for thermal power units, energy storage devices, and new energy inverters that satisfies the frequency security objective function.

[0223] Furthermore, the frequency security objective function J constructed in step 5 is... safe Inputting the power system dispatch optimization model results in a unified optimization problem. The core form of this optimization model is as follows:

[0224] minJ safe =α f σ f +α t σ t +α g σ g

[0225] Among them, J safe The frequency security objective function (dimensionless) represents the overall security of the system across three dimensions: frequency offset, recovery time, and oscillation decay rate; σ f σ t σ g α represents the normalized overlimit values ​​for frequency offset, recovery time, and oscillation decay rate, respectively; f α t α g The weighting coefficients (positive numbers) for these three factors are determined by the power grid operation department based on national power system safety standards, historical accident cases, and the weighting of dispatch assessment indicators. For example, in typical power dispatching procedures, frequency offset is usually assigned the highest priority, α. f Set greater than α t and α g If referring to the standard operating procedure document, the specific value can be selected between 1.0 and 10.0, and calibrated through simulation.

[0226] The constraints of the optimization model include:

[0227] Power balance constraints:

[0228]

[0229] Among them, P g,i P represents the active power output (MW) of the i-th thermal power unit; e,j P represents the active power output (MW) of the j-th energy storage device; r,k P represents the active power output (MW) of the k-th renewable energy inverter; L The system's real-time load demand (MW) is collected in real time by the SCADA (Supervisory and Controlled Dispatch) system; P loss Network transmission active power loss (MW) can be calculated from power flow or approximated as a fixed proportion of the system output.

[0230] Thermal power unit operating constraints:

[0231]

[0232] in, This indicates the upper and lower limits of the unit's output (MW), which are determined by the unit's nameplate parameters and dispatching operation instructions; This represents the unit's maximum ramp rate (MW / s) for both up and down directions, obtained through unit characteristic test curves or unit technical specifications; ΔP g,i / Δt represents the rate of change of the unit's output (MW / s) within the scheduling cycle Δt.

[0233] Energy storage device operating constraints:

[0234]

[0235] in, The minimum / maximum output (MW) of the energy storage device under its current state of charge is calculated by converting the battery's SOC (State of Charge) to its rated capacity; SOC j The state of charge (01) of the j-th energy storage device is collected in real time by the battery management system (BMS). This indicates the permissible range of SOC, typically set between 10% and 90% to prevent overcharging and over-discharging.

[0236] Operating constraints of new energy inverters:

[0237]

[0238] in, This represents the inverter's minimum / maximum active power output (MW), which is determined by the inverter's rated parameters and the grid connection protocol. This represents the maximum output change rate (MW / s) of the inverter during the scheduling cycle, which can be obtained from controller characteristics and grid connection standards.

[0239] In the solution process, the above optimization problem belongs to the mixed integer programming problem containing continuous variables (the active power output of each device) and integer variables (partial start-stop states or constraint logic). In order to balance feasibility and computational efficiency, the mixed integer linear programming (MILP) method is used for solution.

[0240] Optimization variable: Power output P of thermal power unit g,i Energy storage device output P e,j New energy inverter output P r,k and the loose variable s f ,s t ,s g ;

[0241] Objective: Minimize J safe This refers to frequency security risk indicators;

[0242] Constraints: The power balance constraints mentioned above, the operating constraints of various equipment, and the set of frequency safety constraints generated in step 5.

[0243] The MILP solver obtains the optimal solution that satisfies all constraints. The output of the solution is the coordinated allocation scheme of thermal power units, energy storage devices, and new energy inverters, i.e., the active power output of each device.

[0244] Example 2 is an embodiment of the present invention, which provides a frequency security target construction system for multi-element frequency modulation resource frequency response characteristic analysis, including:

[0245] The parameter acquisition module is used to collect operating parameters of thermal power units, energy storage devices, and new energy inverters;

[0246] The model building module is used to establish dynamic frequency response models of thermal power units, energy storage devices, and new energy inverters based on the operating parameters.

[0247] The model coupling module is used to uniformly couple the dynamic frequency response model of the thermal power unit, the dynamic frequency response model of the energy storage device, and the dynamic frequency response model of the new energy inverter to establish an overall equivalent frequency response model of the system.

[0248] The parameter calculation module is used to calculate the frequency offset, frequency recovery time, and oscillation attenuation rate using the overall equivalent frequency response model of the system.

[0249] The target construction module is used to construct the frequency offset, frequency recovery time and oscillation attenuation rate into a frequency safety objective function based on the power system operation safety standards.

[0250] The scheduling optimization module is used to input the frequency security objective function into the power system scheduling optimization model, and obtain the coordinated allocation scheme of thermal power units, energy storage devices and new energy inverters through optimization solution with the frequency security objective function as the optimization objective.

[0251] This embodiment also provides an electronic device applicable to the frequency security target construction method for multi-source frequency response characteristic analysis, comprising: a memory and a processor; the memory is used to store computer-executable instructions, and the processor is used to execute the computer-executable instructions to implement the frequency security target construction method for multi-source frequency response characteristic analysis as proposed in the above embodiment.

[0252] This embodiment also provides a storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the frequency security target construction method for analyzing the frequency response characteristics of multi-element frequency modulation resources as proposed in the above embodiments.

[0253] The storage medium proposed in this embodiment and the frequency security target construction method for realizing the frequency response characteristic analysis of multi-frequency modulation resources proposed in the above embodiments belong to the same inventive concept. Technical details not described in detail in this embodiment can be found in the above embodiments, and this embodiment has the same beneficial effects as the above embodiments.

[0254] Based on the above description of the implementation methods, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the present invention can be implemented using software and necessary general-purpose hardware, and of course, it can also be implemented using hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as a computer floppy disk, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), flash memory, hard disk, or optical disk, etc., including several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods of the various embodiments of the present invention.

[0255] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for constructing frequency security targets based on the frequency response characteristics analysis of multiple frequency modulation resources, characterized in that: include, Collect operating parameters of thermal power units, energy storage devices, and new energy inverters; Based on the aforementioned operating parameters, dynamic frequency response models for thermal power units, energy storage devices, and new energy inverters are established respectively. The dynamic frequency response model for thermal power units is modeled by introducing governor response delay and power ramp-up constraints. The dynamic frequency response model for energy storage devices is modeled by introducing charge and discharge rates, energy capacity, and output delay. The dynamic frequency response model for new energy inverters is modeled by introducing virtual inertia control and response delay. The dynamic frequency response models of thermal power units, energy storage devices, and new energy inverters are coupled in a unified manner to establish an overall equivalent frequency response model of the system. The frequency offset, frequency recovery time, and oscillation attenuation rate are calculated using the overall equivalent frequency response model of the system. According to the power system operation safety standards, the frequency offset, frequency recovery time, and oscillation attenuation rate are constructed as the frequency safety objective function; The frequency security objective function is input into the power system dispatch optimization model, which includes power balance constraints, thermal power unit operation constraints, energy storage device operation constraints, and new energy inverter operation constraints. The frequency security objective function is used as the optimization objective, and the coordinated allocation scheme of thermal power units, energy storage devices, and new energy inverters is obtained through optimization solution.

2. The frequency security target construction method for analyzing the frequency response characteristics of multi-element frequency modulation resources as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The construction of the dynamic frequency response model of the thermal power unit includes collecting the operating parameters of the thermal power unit, including the governor time constant, speed regulation coefficient, frequency dead zone width, maximum power ramp rate, maximum power ramp rate and upper and lower limits of unit output. Collect the operating frequency of the power system and calculate the system frequency offset, and use the system frequency offset as the model input; The system frequency offset is processed according to the frequency dead zone width to obtain the frequency offset after dead zone processing; The frequency offset after dead zone processing is converted into a change in unit power setpoint according to the speed adjustment coefficient. The power command change is delayed according to the time constant of the speed controller to obtain the delayed power command. Apply a rate of change constraint to the delayed power command based on the uplink maximum power ramp rate and the downlink maximum power ramp rate to obtain a ramp-constrained power command; The power command constrained by the ramp is superimposed with the current active power output of the unit, and saturation constraints are applied according to the upper and lower limits of the unit output to obtain the dynamic response of the unit's active power output. A dynamic frequency response model for thermal power units is established based on the correspondence between the input quantity and the dynamic response quantity.

3. The frequency security target construction method for analyzing the frequency response characteristics of multi-element frequency modulation resources as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The construction of the dynamic frequency response model of the energy storage device includes collecting the operating parameters of the energy storage device, including rated charge and discharge power, energy capacity, state of charge, maximum charging rate, maximum discharging rate and output delay; Collect the operating frequency of the power system and calculate the system frequency offset, and use the system frequency offset as the model input; The available power range of the energy storage device at the current moment is determined based on the state of charge and energy capacity. The system frequency offset is converted into an initial power command based on the rated charge and discharge power. The initial power command is rate-constrained according to the maximum charging rate and the maximum discharging rate to obtain a rate-constrained power command. The power command subject to rate constraints is delayed according to the output delay to obtain the delayed power command; The delayed power command is superimposed with the available power range and bounded to obtain the actual active power output of the energy storage device; A dynamic frequency response model for the energy storage device is established using the system frequency offset as the input and the actual active power output as the output.

4. The frequency security target construction method for analyzing the frequency response characteristics of multi-element frequency modulation resources as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The construction of the dynamic frequency response model of the new energy inverter includes collecting the operating parameters of the new energy inverter, including virtual inertia coefficient, virtual damping coefficient, maximum active power output, minimum active power output, and output response delay. Collect the operating frequency of the power system and calculate the system frequency offset and frequency change rate, and use the system frequency offset and frequency change rate as model inputs; The frequency change rate is processed based on the virtual inertia coefficient to obtain the active power component corresponding to the inertia response. The system frequency offset is processed based on the virtual damping coefficient to obtain the active power component corresponding to the damping response. The active power components of the inertial response and the active power components of the damped response are superimposed to obtain the initial active power command. The initial active power command is delayed according to the output response delay to obtain the delayed active power command; The delayed active power command is bounded with the maximum and minimum active power outputs to obtain the actual active power output of the new energy inverter. A dynamic frequency response model for the new energy inverter is established using the system frequency offset and frequency change rate as inputs and the actual active power output as output.

5. The frequency security target construction method for analyzing the frequency response characteristics of multi-element frequency modulation resources as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The establishment of the overall equivalent frequency response model of the system includes the output of the active power output of the thermal power unit's dynamic frequency response model and the output of the active power output of the energy storage device's dynamic frequency response model. The dynamic frequency response model of the new energy inverter outputs the active power output of the inverter. The active power output of the generator unit, the active power output of the energy storage, and the active power output of the inverter are summed in active power units to obtain the total active power output of the multi-frequency regulation resources. The load disturbance power is calculated based on the difference between the real-time load measurement value and the reference load forecast value monitored by the power system dispatch. The system power balance equation is constructed using the load disturbance power and the total active power output. Combined with the power system equivalent inertia parameters and equivalent damping parameters, a system frequency dynamic equation is established to describe the overall equivalent frequency response model of the system.

6. The frequency security target construction method for analyzing the frequency response characteristics of multi-element frequency modulation resources as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The step of constructing the frequency offset, frequency recovery time, and oscillation attenuation rate into a frequency security objective function includes: Determine the limit parameters corresponding to frequency offset, frequency recovery time, and oscillation attenuation rate in the power system operation safety standards; Establish a set of frequency safety constraints by establishing a relationship between the frequency offset and its limit, a relationship between the frequency recovery time and its limit, and a relationship between the oscillation attenuation rate and its limit; Constant coefficients are set based on the importance of frequency offset, frequency recovery time, and oscillation attenuation rate in power system operation safety standards. A frequency safety objective function is constructed by combining the frequency offset, frequency recovery time, oscillation attenuation rate, and the constant coefficients.

7. The frequency security target construction method for analyzing the frequency response characteristics of multi-element frequency modulation resources as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The method of obtaining a coordinated allocation scheme for thermal power units, energy storage devices, and new energy inverters through optimization includes constructing the frequency security objective function with power balance constraints, thermal power unit operation constraints, energy storage device operation constraints, and new energy inverter operation constraints as a unified optimization problem. The optimization problem is solved using a mixed-integer linear programming method. The solution process yields a coordinated allocation scheme for thermal power units, energy storage devices, and new energy inverters that satisfies the frequency security objective function.

8. A frequency security target construction system based on the frequency response characteristics analysis of multi-element FM resources, employing the frequency security target construction method based on the frequency response characteristics analysis of multi-element FM resources as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, include: The parameter acquisition module is used to collect operating parameters of thermal power units, energy storage devices, and new energy inverters; The model building module is used to establish dynamic frequency response models of thermal power units, energy storage devices, and new energy inverters based on the operating parameters. The model coupling module is used to uniformly couple the dynamic frequency response model of the thermal power unit, the dynamic frequency response model of the energy storage device, and the dynamic frequency response model of the new energy inverter to establish an overall equivalent frequency response model of the system. The parameter calculation module is used to calculate the frequency offset, frequency recovery time, and oscillation attenuation rate using the overall equivalent frequency response model of the system. The target construction module is used to construct the frequency offset, frequency recovery time and oscillation attenuation rate into a frequency safety target function based on the power system operation safety standards. The scheduling optimization module is used to input the frequency security objective function into the power system scheduling optimization model, and obtain the coordinated allocation scheme of thermal power units, energy storage devices and new energy inverters through optimization solution with the frequency security objective function as the optimization objective.

9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the frequency security target construction method for analyzing the frequency response characteristics of multi-element frequency modulation resources as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the frequency security target construction method for analyzing the frequency response characteristics of multi-element frequency modulation resources as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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