Foldable interactive photovoltaic and photo-thermal system for travel trailer

Abstract

The present application relates to a foldable interactive photovoltaic and photo-thermal system for a travel trailer, belonging to the field of new energy technology. The present application comprises a crank rocker composite sliding guide rail folding system, a PVT photovoltaic and photo-thermal system, a vibration isolation and light tracking system; the crank rocker composite sliding guide rail folding system is used to realize the unfolding and folding of the photovoltaic panel; the PVT photovoltaic and photo-thermal system is used to convert solar energy into electric energy and heat energy; the hierarchical damping system of the vibration isolation and light tracking system is used to buffer the bumps and shocks during the driving of the trailer; the vibration isolation and light tracking system is used to adjust the pitch angle and rotation angle of the photovoltaic panel. The present application integrates photovoltaic power generation and photo-thermal recovery through PVT technology, combines with electric / thermal dual energy storage modules to realize energy complementation; designs a lightweight folding structure to expand the heat collection area while adapting to the roof space limitation; optimizes the environmental adaptability of the system to improve the stability in complex outdoor scenarios.

Description

Foldable interactive photovoltaic thermal system for travel RVs Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a foldable interactive photovoltaic and solar thermal system for recreational vehicles, belonging to the field of new energy technology. Background Technology

[0002] With the growing popularity of green travel and RV travel, the energy supply challenges faced by RVs in off-grid conditions are becoming increasingly prominent. Traditional energy solutions have relied either solely on solar power generation or on gasoline generators. However, solar power generation alone suffers from low conversion efficiency (only 15%-20%), and waste heat is not fully utilized. Solar photovoltaic panels play a crucial role in RV energy supply, but they are typically fixed to the roof. Due to limited roof space, their installation area is insufficient to meet the electricity needs of the RV's living area. Furthermore, they cannot track the sun's position, and the angle between them and sunlight cannot always remain perpendicular, resulting in low conversion efficiency. In addition, solar photovoltaic panels are generally bolted to the roof, and the fasteners are quite rigid, making them prone to damage from road vibrations during RV travel. Photovoltaic thermal integration (PVT) technology can increase the overall utilization rate of solar energy to 60%-80% through coordinated power generation and heat recovery, becoming an effective way to solve the energy needs of RVs. However, existing foldable solar thermal energy storage systems have defects in terms of structural reliability, environmental adaptability and thermal management efficiency, which restricts their large-scale application in outdoor scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is: This invention designs a foldable interactive photovoltaic and solar thermal system for travel RVs, which integrates photovoltaic power generation and solar thermal recovery to achieve energy complementarity; it designs a lightweight folding structure to expand the heat collection area while adapting to the limitations of roof space; it combines high efficiency, portability and environmental adaptability, aiming to provide RVs with efficient, clean and sustainable energy.

[0004] The technical solution of this invention is: a foldable interactive photovoltaic and solar thermal system for travel RVs, including a crank-rocker composite sliding rail folding system, a PVT photovoltaic and solar thermal system, and a vibration isolation and light tracking system;

[0005] The crank-rocker composite sliding rail folding system is used to realize the unfolding and folding of the photovoltaic panel 1;

[0006] The PVT photovoltaic thermal system is used to convert solar energy into electrical and thermal energy. The photovoltaic panels convert solar energy into electrical energy and can be used to connect to the RV's power system to supply electricity to the living area. The heat collection tubes directly convert solar radiation into thermal energy and can also collect the heat generated by the photovoltaic panels, which can be used to connect to the RV's heat exchange system to heat domestic water.

[0007] The graded vibration reduction system of the vibration isolation and light tracking system is used to buffer the bumps and impacts during the RV's travel; the vibration isolation and light tracking system is used to ensure that sunlight always shines on the photovoltaic panel surface at a near-vertical angle by adjusting the pitch and rotation angle of the photovoltaic panel 1.

[0008] Furthermore, the crank-rocker composite sliding rail folding system includes a frame 3, a motor 4, a reducer 5, a short shaft 6, a rocker 8, a crank 9, a fixed bracket 10, a sliding rail 14, and a rail support 15.

[0009] The motor 4, reducer 5, and short shaft 6 are connected in sequence to form a power module fixed on the middle frame 3. One end of the rocker arm 8 meshes with the external gear on the short shaft 6 through the tooth profile of the internal gear ring, and the other end is fixedly connected to the frame 3 adjacent to the middle frame 3 by bolts.

[0010] The fixed bracket 10 is bolted to the middle frame 3. One end of the crank 9 is fixed to the frame 3 adjacent to the middle frame 3, and the other end is engaged with the fixed bracket 10 in a shaft hole.

[0011] The upper and lower ends of the back of the adjacent frame 3 above the middle frame 3 are fixed with slide rail supports 15. The upper and lower slide rail supports 15 are respectively fixed with two sets of upper and lower sliding guide rails 14. Each set of sliding guide rails 14 includes a primary slide rail 141, a secondary slide rail 142, a tertiary slide rail 143, and a ball bearing 144. The primary slide rail 141, the secondary slide rail 142, and the tertiary slide rail 143 are connected in sequence by the ball bearing 144. The two tertiary slide rails 143 are respectively fixed with the frame 3.

[0012] Furthermore, the PVT photovoltaic-thermal system includes a photovoltaic panel 1, a pressing block 2, a frame 3, and a heat collection tube 7;

[0013] The photovoltaic panel 1 is mounted on a frame formed by the pressure block 2 and the frame 3, and the heat collection tube 7 is located directly below the photovoltaic panel 1.

[0014] Furthermore, the vibration isolation and light tracking system includes a support leg 11, a support leg connecting seat 12, a hinge 13, a sliding guide rail 14, a slide rail support 15, a base 16, a support upper plate 17, an elastic damper 18, an electric push rod seat 19, and an electric push rod 20.

[0015] Two support legs 11 are mounted on the roof rack of the RV. The lower end of the support leg connecting seat 12 is bolted to the support leg 11, and the upper end is bolted to the upper plate 17 of the support. An elastic damper 18 is set in the middle of the support leg connecting seat 12. A base 16 is fixed above the upper plate 17 of the support. The middle frame 3 is connected to the base 16 by a hinge 13. An electric push rod seat 19 is fixed above the base 16. An electric push rod 20 is installed on the electric push rod seat 19. The electric push rod 20 includes a rod seat 201, a push rod motor 202, a large push rod 203, and a small push rod 204. Specifically, the rod seat 201 is fixed on the electric push rod seat 19. The push rod motor 202 and the large push rod 203 are installed on the rod seat 201. The large push rod 203 contains a... The small push rod 204 connects to the frame formed by the pressure block 2 and the frame 3. The small push rod 204 is nested inside the large push rod 203. The push rod motor 202 is connected to the small push rod 204 to drive the small push rod 204 to perform telescopic movement relative to the large push rod 203. The push rod motor 202 and the small push rod 204 are connected and transmitted through a gear transmission assembly inside the hollow rod seat 201. The push rod motor 202 outputs power, which is transmitted to the small push rod 204 through the gear on its shaft inside the hollow rod seat 201, driving the small push rod 204 to reciprocate along the axial direction. This layout allows the transmission mechanism to be compactly integrated inside the rod seat 201, optimizing space configuration and ensuring effective power transmission and stability.

[0016] Furthermore, a phase change material layer and a heat collection pipe 7 are arranged below the photovoltaic panel 1 to achieve active heat dissipation and waste heat recovery.

[0017] Furthermore, the heat collection tube 7 adopts a serpentine bend layout and an integrated continuous pipeline design.

[0018] Furthermore, the surface of the photovoltaic panel 1 is covered with a nano-level UV-resistant coating.

[0019] Furthermore, the two support legs 11 are assembled to the roof rack of the RV via a detachable structure. The bottom of the support legs has threaded holes and is locked by fastening bolts. The detachable structure allows for quick disassembly and assembly with hand tools, ensuring driving stability.

[0020] Furthermore, the rocker arm 8 achieves rigid coupling by connecting with the internal tooth profile key and fixing with the groove bolt group. Combined with the surface strengthening process of the gear shaft to optimize the tooth profile, a zero backlash meshing technology is formed. Its groove design optimizes stress distribution by increasing the contact area, and the multi-point locking mechanism enhances the resistance to axial movement. At the same time, the strengthened tooth profile of the gear pair and the high-precision meshing technology ensure transmission stability. Ultimately, it achieves the dual goals of high transmission accuracy and enhanced vibration resistance on the basis of lightweight design.

[0021] This invention first utilizes an electric push rod 20 to extend and retract, adjusting the angle of the photovoltaic panel 1 to track the solar altitude angle and maximize solar energy utilization. Then, a crank-rocker composite sliding rail folding system enables the compact folding and storage of the photovoltaic panel 1. During unfolding, the electric push rod 20 extends first, adjusting the photovoltaic panel 1 to a suitable angle. Subsequently, the motor 4 drives the rocker arm 8 to unfold each sub-panel sequentially. Then, the sliding rail 14 unfolds the remaining photovoltaic sub-panels into a flat, light-receiving surface. During folding, the sliding rail 14 retracts first, and the motor 4 drives the rocker arm 8 to fold the remaining sub-panels into a staggered arrangement, significantly reducing space occupation. A viscoelastic damper 18 is selected as the core component, forming a graded vibration isolation system with the upper plate 17 made of damping material.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0023] This invention first utilizes an electric push rod to extend and retract, adjusting the angle of the photovoltaic panel to track the solar altitude angle and maximize solar energy utilization. Then, a crank-rocker combined with a sliding rail folding system achieves compact folding of the photovoltaic panel. During unfolding, the electric push rod extends first, adjusting the photovoltaic panel to the appropriate angle. Subsequently, the motor drives the rocker to unfold each sub-panel sequentially, and then the sliding rail unfolds the remaining photovoltaic sub-panels into a flat, light-receiving surface. During folding, the sliding rail retracts first, and the driving rocker then folds the remaining sub-panels into a staggered arrangement, significantly reducing space occupation. The vibration isolation system uses a viscoelastic damper as its core component. This device has advantages such as simple construction, excellent vibration isolation effect, and small space occupation, and is installed on the support bracket.

[0024] This invention integrates photovoltaic power generation and photothermal recovery using PVT technology, combined with a dual electric / thermal energy storage module to achieve energy complementarity. It features a lightweight, foldable structure that expands the heat collection area while adapting to roof space limitations. The system's environmental adaptability is optimized, enhancing stability in complex outdoor environments. This design successfully solves the energy system problems of RVs, combining high efficiency, portability, and environmental adaptability. It can be widely used for outdoor power supply in travel RVs, providing technical support for transportation emission reduction under the "dual carbon" goal. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 is a side view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the PVT photovoltaic-thermal system structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the sliding guide rail structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the electric push rod structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the PVT photovoltaic-thermal system of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 is an exploded view of the PVT photovoltaic-thermal system structure of the present invention.

[0032] The labels in the diagram are as follows: 1-Photovoltaic panel, 2-Pressure block, 3-Frame, 4-Motor, 5-Reducer, 6-Short shaft, 7-Heat collector tube, 8-Rock arm, 9-Crank, 10-Fixed bracket, 11-Feet, 12-Feet connecting seat, 13-Hinge, 14-Sliding rail, 15-Sliding rail support, 16-Base, 17-Support upper plate, 18-Elastic damper, 19-Electric push rod seat, 20-Electric push rod;

[0033] 141 - Primary slide rail, 142 - Secondary slide rail, 143 - Tertiary slide rail, 144 - Ball bearing;

[0034] 201-Lever seat, 202-Push rod motor, 203-Large push rod, 204-Small push rod. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0036] Example 1: As shown in Figures 1-7, a foldable interactive photovoltaic and solar thermal system for a travel RV includes a crank-rocker composite sliding rail folding system, a PVT photovoltaic and solar thermal system, and a vibration isolation and light tracking system.

[0037] The crank-rocker composite sliding rail folding system is used to realize the unfolding and folding of the photovoltaic panel 1;

[0038] The PVT photovoltaic thermal system is used to convert solar energy into electrical and thermal energy. The photovoltaic panels convert solar energy into electrical energy and can be used to connect to the RV's power system to supply electricity to the living area. The heat collection tubes directly convert solar radiation into thermal energy and can also collect the heat generated by the photovoltaic panels, which can be used to connect to the RV's heat exchange system to heat domestic water.

[0039] The graded vibration reduction system of the vibration isolation and light tracking system is used to buffer the bumps and impacts during the RV's travel; the vibration isolation and light tracking system is used to ensure that sunlight always shines on the photovoltaic panel surface at a near-vertical angle by adjusting the pitch and rotation angle of the photovoltaic panel 1.

[0040] Furthermore, the crank-rocker composite sliding rail folding system includes a frame 3, a motor 4, a reducer 5, a short shaft 6, a rocker 8, a crank 9, a fixed bracket 10, a sliding rail 14, and a rail support 15.

[0041] The motor 4, reducer 5, and short shaft 6 are connected in sequence to form a power module fixed on the middle frame 3. One end of the rocker arm 8 meshes with the external gear on the short shaft 6 through the tooth profile of the internal gear ring, and the other end is fixedly connected to the frame 3 adjacent to the middle frame 3 by bolts.

[0042] The fixed bracket 10 is bolted to the middle frame 3. One end of the crank 9 is fixed to the frame 3 adjacent to the middle frame 3, and the other end is engaged with the fixed bracket 10 in a shaft hole.

[0043] The upper and lower ends of the back of the adjacent frame 3 above the middle frame 3 are fixed with slide rail supports 15. The upper and lower slide rail supports 15 are respectively fixed with two sets of upper and lower sliding guide rails 14. Each set of sliding guide rails 14 includes a primary slide rail 141, a secondary slide rail 142, a tertiary slide rail 143, and a ball bearing 144. The primary slide rail 141, the secondary slide rail 142, and the tertiary slide rail 143 are connected in sequence by the ball bearing 144. The two tertiary slide rails 143 are respectively fixed with the frame 3.

[0044] Furthermore, the PVT photovoltaic-thermal system includes a photovoltaic panel 1, a pressing block 2, a frame 3, and a heat collection tube 7;

[0045] The photovoltaic panel 1 is mounted on a frame formed by the pressure block 2 and the frame 3, and the heat collection tube 7 is located directly below the photovoltaic panel 1.

[0046] Furthermore, the vibration isolation and light tracking system includes a support leg 11, a support leg connecting seat 12, a hinge 13, a sliding guide rail 14, a slide rail support 15, a base 16, a support upper plate 17, an elastic damper 18, an electric push rod seat 19, and an electric push rod 20.

[0047] Two support legs 11 are mounted on the roof rack of the RV. The lower end of the support leg connecting seat 12 is bolted to the support leg 11, and the upper end is bolted to the upper plate 17 of the support. An elastic damper 18 is set in the middle of the support leg connecting seat 12. A base 16 is fixed above the upper plate 17 of the support. The middle frame 3 is connected to the base 16 by a hinge 13. An electric push rod seat 19 is fixed above the base 16. An electric push rod 20 is installed on the electric push rod seat 19. The electric push rod 20 includes a rod seat 201, a push rod motor 202, a large push rod 203, and a small push rod 204. Specifically, the rod seat 201 is fixed on the electric push rod seat 19. The push rod motor 202 and the large push rod 203 are installed on the rod seat 201. The large push rod 203 contains a... The small push rod 204 connects to the frame formed by the pressure block 2 and the frame 3. The small push rod 204 is nested inside the large push rod 203. The push rod motor 202 is connected to the small push rod 204 to drive the small push rod 204 to perform telescopic movement relative to the large push rod 203. The push rod motor 202 and the small push rod 204 are connected and transmitted through a gear transmission assembly inside the hollow rod seat 201. The push rod motor 202 outputs power, which is transmitted to the small push rod 204 through the gear on its shaft inside the hollow rod seat 201, driving the small push rod 204 to reciprocate along the axial direction. This layout allows the transmission mechanism to be compactly integrated inside the rod seat 201, optimizing space configuration and ensuring effective power transmission and stability.

[0048] Furthermore, a phase change material layer and a heat collection pipe 7 are arranged below the photovoltaic panel 1 to achieve active heat dissipation and waste heat recovery.

[0049] Furthermore, the heat collection tube 7 adopts a serpentine bend layout and an integrated continuous pipeline design.

[0050] Furthermore, the surface of the photovoltaic panel 1 is covered with a nano-level anti-ultraviolet coating, which can withstand long-term artificial accelerated aging and improve the all-weather adaptability of the RV energy system.

[0051] Furthermore, the two support legs 11 are assembled to the roof rack of the RV via a detachable structure. The bottom of the support legs has threaded holes and is locked by fastening bolts. The detachable structure allows for quick disassembly and assembly with hand tools, ensuring driving stability.

[0052] Furthermore, the rocker arm 8 achieves rigid coupling by connecting with the internal tooth profile key and fixing with the groove bolt group. Combined with the surface strengthening process of the gear shaft to optimize the tooth profile, a zero backlash meshing technology is formed. Its groove design optimizes stress distribution by increasing the contact area, and the multi-point locking mechanism enhances the resistance to axial movement. At the same time, the strengthened tooth profile of the gear pair and the high-precision meshing technology ensure transmission stability. Ultimately, it achieves the dual goals of high transmission accuracy and enhanced vibration resistance on the basis of lightweight design.

[0053] The phase change material is used to alleviate temperature fluctuations in the photovoltaic panel 1, and to solve the problem of efficiency decline caused by high temperature in traditional photovoltaic modules, thereby improving the overall efficiency of photothermal and photoelectric processes.

[0054] The heat collection tube 7 extends the residence time of the fluid in the heat absorption area through a serpentine bend layout, increases the heat absorption contact area, and significantly improves the heat exchange efficiency; the integrated continuous pipeline design reduces welding points, lowers the risk of leakage, and simplifies the process; the turbulence effect formed by the meandering flow channel suppresses local overheating and ensures the uniformity of the temperature field of the photovoltaic panel 1.

[0055] The electric push rod 20 adjusts the pitch and rotation angles of the photovoltaic panel 1 to ensure that sunlight always shines on the photovoltaic panel at a near-vertical angle, thereby maximizing the light energy reception efficiency.

[0056] The photovoltaic panel 1 unfolding mechanism, namely the crank-rocker composite sliding rail folding system, has strong wind load resistance, high reliability, and can maintain good flatness after unfolding, ensuring power generation efficiency.

[0057] The vibration isolation and light tracking system uses an elastic damper 18, and the upper plate 17 of the support is made of shock-absorbing material, which can effectively buffer the bumps and impacts during the RV's travel and ensure the long-term stable operation of each component.

[0058] Working principle of the invention:

[0059] This scheme uses photovoltaic panels 1 and heat collection tubes 7 to convert solar energy into electrical and thermal energy. During operation, the push rod motor 202 of the electric push rod 20 fixed on the electric push rod base 19 controls the extension and retraction of the large push rod 203 and the small push rod 204, adjusting the angle of the frame formed by the pressure block 2 and the frame 3 connected to the base 16 by the hinge 13, thereby changing the angle of the photovoltaic panel 1 fixed on the frame to achieve tracking of the solar altitude angle and ensure maximum utilization of solar energy.

[0060] The photovoltaic panel 1 is then compactly folded and collapsed using a crank-rocker composite sliding guide folding system. When unfolded, the motor 4, connected to the reducer 5, drives the short shaft 6 to drive the rocker 8 to complete the unfolding action of the left and right and upper middle photovoltaic panels 1, which are fixed on the frame formed by the pressure block 2 and the frame 3. One end of the crank 9 is fixed to the frame 3 adjacent to the middle frame 3, and the other end is connected to the fixed bracket 10 to form a shaft hole, which plays a supporting role when unfolded. Then, the first-level slide rail 141 fixed on the slide rail support 15, the third-level slide rail 143 fixed on the frame 3, and the second-level slide rail 142 and the ball bearings 144 unfold the remaining upper left and right photovoltaic panels into a flat light-receiving surface.

[0061] When folding, the upper left and right photovoltaic panels are first retracted by sliding guide rail 14, and then the short shaft 6 drives the rocker arm 8 through motor 4 connected to reducer 5 to fold the remaining sub-panels into a staggered shape, which greatly reduces the space occupied.

[0062] The vibration isolation and tracking system uses an elastic damper 18 as the core component, which is installed in the middle of the support foot connecting seat 12. The lower end of the support foot connecting seat 12 is connected to the support foot 11 by bolts, and the upper end is connected to the support upper plate 17 by bolts. The support upper plate 17 is made of damping material, and the base 16 is fixed above the support upper plate 17. The elastic damper 18 and the support upper plate 17 constitute a graded vibration reduction system. This system has the advantages of simple structure, excellent vibration isolation effect and small space occupation.

[0063] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the photovoltaic thermal (PVT) system. The photovoltaic panels convert solar energy into electrical energy, which can be stored in a battery or converted into AC power by an inverter to power the load of the outdoor RV. The heat collection tubes directly convert solar radiation into heat energy, and at the same time collect the heat generated by the photovoltaic panels. The heat is circulated through the pipeline and exchanged with the water tank through a heat exchanger to transfer the heat to the water in the tank, realizing the utilization of solar thermal energy (such as providing hot water). The gas-liquid separator, liquid storage tank, valves, etc. are used to ensure the stability of the working fluid circulation.

[0064] Figure 7 is an exploded view of the structure of a photovoltaic-thermal integrated (PVT) module, including photovoltaic cells, heat absorbers, aluminum enclosures, and water pipes. The photovoltaic cells realize photoelectric conversion, the heat absorbers are attached to the bottom of the photovoltaic cells, and together with the fluid in the water pipes, they absorb the waste heat and solar energy of the photovoltaic cells and dissipate the heat, achieving synergy between photovoltaic and waste heat recovery. The aluminum enclosures play a supporting, protective, and auxiliary role in heat conduction and heat equalization, improving the overall efficiency of solar energy utilization and solving the problems of waste heat waste and high-temperature efficiency reduction in traditional photovoltaic modules.

[0065] In summary, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0066] 1. Convenience: Although the charging facilities at RV campsites in China are not as advanced as those abroad and cannot meet the power needs of RV travel, my country has abundant solar energy resources. PVT photovoltaic thermal systems can easily convert solar energy into electricity and heat, providing RVs with power at any time.

[0067] 2. Environmental friendliness: As a clean and renewable energy source, solar energy can effectively make up for the shortcomings of traditional power supply methods, reduce the emission of harmful gases, and will not cause pollution to the environment.

[0068] 3. Economic Efficiency: Although the initial investment in installing a PVT photovoltaic thermal system is relatively high, the lifespan of a PVT can reach over 20 years, and its photoelectric conversion efficiency is high. In the long run, the cost of PVT power supply is lower than that of traditional power supply methods, making it highly economical.

[0069] 4. Compact folding and storage volume: When folded, it does not take up too much roof space. When unfolded, the effective light-receiving area expands to 6 times, and the volume is reduced to 1 / 6 when folded.

[0070] 5. High photoelectric conversion efficiency: The photothermal conversion efficiency of this invention reaches 36.2%, and the photoelectric efficiency is 17.2%, with the overall efficiency improved by 36.2% compared to a single photovoltaic system.

[0071] 6. Long service life: Considering the frequency of use of RVs and the complexity of the outdoor environment, the photovoltaic folding panel has a service life of more than 20 years and can be folded at least 10,000 times.

[0072] 7. Scalability: The system architecture supports flexible adjustment of the number of photovoltaic panels and the capacity of energy storage modules, adapting to the roof space of different types of RVs. Furthermore, the PVT components can be further coupled with the vehicle air conditioning and heat pump system to expand the combined cooling and heating function.

[0073] The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A foldable interactive photovoltaic thermal system for recreational vehicles, characterized in that: The system includes a crank-rocker composite sliding rail folding system, a PVT photovoltaic thermal system, and a vibration isolation and light-tracking system. The crank-rocker composite sliding rail folding system enables the unfolding and folding of the photovoltaic panels. The PVT photovoltaic thermal system converts solar energy into electrical and thermal energy; the photovoltaic panels convert solar energy into electrical energy, which can be connected to the RV's electrical system to supply electricity to the living area. The heat collection pipes directly convert solar radiation into thermal energy and also collect the heat generated by the photovoltaic panels, which can be connected to the RV's heat exchange system to heat domestic water. The vibration isolation and light-tracking system's graded shock absorption system buffers the bumps and impacts during RV travel. The vibration isolation and light-tracking system ensures that sunlight always illuminates the photovoltaic panel surface at a near-vertical angle by adjusting the pitch and rotation angles of the photovoltaic panels. The crank-rocker composite sliding rail folding system includes a frame, motor, reducer, short shaft, rocker, crank, fixed bracket, sliding rail, and slide. The system includes a rail support; the motor, reducer, and short shaft are sequentially connected to form a power module fixed to the middle frame; one end of the rocker arm meshes with the external gear on the short shaft via an internal gear ring, and the other end is bolted to the adjacent frame of the middle frame; the fixed bracket is bolted to the middle frame, one end of the crank is fixed to the adjacent frame, and the other end forms a shaft hole fit with the fixed bracket; slide rail supports are fixed at both the top and bottom of the back of the adjacent frame above the middle frame, and each of the upper and lower slide rail supports has two sets of sliding guide rails fixed to it, each set of sliding guide rails including a primary slide rail, a secondary slide rail, a tertiary slide rail, and ball bearings; the primary, secondary, and tertiary slide rails are sequentially connected by ball bearings; each of the two tertiary slide rails is fixed to the frame; the rocker arm is rigidly coupled by connecting with an internal gear key and a groove bolt group, and the tooth profile is optimized by a gear shaft surface strengthening process to form zero backlash meshing technology; Its groove design optimizes stress distribution by increasing the contact area, and the multi-point locking mechanism enhances the resistance to axial movement. At the same time, the reinforced tooth profile and high-precision meshing technology of the gear pair ensure transmission stability. Ultimately, it achieves the dual goals of high transmission accuracy and enhanced vibration resistance on the basis of lightweight design. The vibration isolation and light tracking system includes a support leg, a support leg connecting seat, a hinge, a sliding guide rail, a slide rail support, a base, a support upper plate, an elastic damper, an electric push rod seat, and an electric push rod. The two support legs are mounted on the roof rack of the RV. The lower end of the support leg connecting seat is bolted to the support leg, and the upper end is bolted to the support upper plate. The elastic damper is set in the middle of the support leg connecting seat. The base is fixed above the support upper plate, and the middle frame is connected to the base by a hinge.

2. The foldable interactive photovoltaic-thermal system for recreational vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The PVT photovoltaic thermal system includes a photovoltaic panel, a pressing block, a frame, and heat collection tubes; the photovoltaic panel is mounted on the frame formed by the pressing block and the frame, and the heat collection tubes are located directly below the photovoltaic panel.

3. The foldable interactive photovoltaic-thermal system for recreational vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric actuator base is fixed above the base, and an electric actuator is installed on the electric actuator base. The electric actuator includes a rod seat, an actuator motor, a large actuator, and a small actuator. Specifically, the rod seat is fixed on the electric actuator base, and the actuator motor and the large actuator are installed on the rod seat. The small actuator is installed inside the large actuator, and the small actuator connects to the frame formed by the pressure block and the frame. The small actuator is nested inside the large actuator. The actuator motor is connected to the small actuator to drive the small actuator to perform telescopic movement relative to the large actuator. The actuator motor and the small actuator are connected and transmitted through a gear transmission assembly inside the hollow rod seat. The actuator motor outputs power, which is transmitted to the small actuator via the gear on its shaft inside the hollow rod seat, driving the small actuator to reciprocate along the axial direction. This layout allows the transmission mechanism to be compactly integrated inside the rod seat, optimizing space configuration and ensuring effective power transmission and stability.

4. The foldable interactive photovoltaic-thermal system for recreational vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: A phase change material layer and a heat collection pipe are arranged below the photovoltaic panel to achieve active heat dissipation and waste heat recovery.

5. The foldable interactive photovoltaic-thermal system for recreational vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heat collection tubes adopt a serpentine bend layout and an integrated continuous pipeline design.

6. The foldable interactive photovoltaic-thermal system for recreational vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the photovoltaic panel is covered with a nano-level UV-resistant coating.

7. The foldable interactive photovoltaic-thermal system for recreational vehicles according to claim 3, characterized in that: The two support legs are assembled to the roof rack of the RV via a detachable structure. The bottom of the support legs has threaded holes and is locked with fastening bolts. The detachable structure allows for quick disassembly and assembly with hand tools, ensuring driving stability.

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