Network discovery and network access method based on G3-Hybrid communication network for electric energy meter

Abstract

The invention provides a G3-Hybrid communication network-based network discovery and network access method for an electric energy meter, which comprises the following steps of: initializing a communication module of the electric energy meter, and starting a network discovery process; the communication module adjusts the sending opportunity of the network discovery request through a random delay strategy, and broadcasts a network discovery request frame to surrounding nodes; the communication module receives confirmation signals returned by surrounding father nodes, constructs a father node list, and obtains routing loss from different father nodes to the concentrator according to a link loss calculation mode; determining an optimal father node to be accessed to the network from the father node list according to a preset network priority rule and a signal quality hierarchy screening rule; initiating a network access request frame to the optimal father node to be accessed to the network to complete network access operation; and if the network access fails, the network discovery or network access process is initiated again after adjustment of the step delay strategy. Through a flexible father node selection strategy and a multi-retry mechanism, the network access success rate and stability of the electric energy meter communication module are remarkably improved, and a foundation is laid for reliable communication of an intelligent power grid.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of power line carrier and RF hybrid communication, and in particular to a network discovery and network access method based on a G3-Hybrid communication network for an electric energy meter. BACKGROUND

[0002] In a traditional G3-PLC power line communication scenario, the network access process of the communication module of an electric meter follows the international standard protocol specification. After the device is started and initialized, the module immediately broadcasts a network discovery request frame (ADPM-DISCOVERY.request) through a power line carrier channel, the frame carrying a device identity and communication parameters, aiming to actively detect available parent nodes in a listening state in the power line network. After the request is sent, the module enters a receiving waiting state, continuously listens to the power line channel in a preset network scanning window period, and waits for a network discovery reply confirmation signal returned by a surrounding parent node. When the network scanning window time is cut off, the module performs route evaluation according to the network discovery reply confirmation frame (ADPM-DISCOVERY.confirm) reply information received, calculates the route loss value (RouteCost) from itself to the concentrator by analyzing key parameters such as the signal strength, channel signal-to-noise ratio and route hop count of each parent node. Finally, the module selects the path with the lowest route loss based on the optimization principle, sends a formal network access request (ADPM-NETWORK-JOIN.request) containing device configuration information to the corresponding parent node, and completes the entire network access process after authentication and parameter negotiation by the concentrator.

[0003] In a G3-Hybrid mesh network architecture, it supports power line carrier PLC and radio frequency RF channel dual-mode network access communication, and gives the network high flexibility and adaptability. With the continuous expansion of the network scale, when multiple nodes are powered on synchronously and simultaneously initiate network discovery request frames, serious channel resource competition and data conflict are easily caused. This phenomenon not only significantly prolongs the time required for node network access, but also may cause network congestion, reducing the overall operation efficiency and stability of the communication system. At the same time, if the route is simply selected according to the route loss, that is, the path with the lowest route loss is preferentially selected, it is easy to cause the route selection to be biased to the nodes with less hop count but poor signal quality as parent nodes to access the network. This selection mechanism will break the signal balance between neighbor nodes, significantly reduce the robustness of the network topology, and greatly reduce the communication success rate between nodes; at the same time, frequent route path changes are triggered, causing a large number of route reconstruction operations, which not only consumes network resources, but also seriously affects the continuity and reliability of data transmission, thereby affecting the meter reading success rate. SUMMARY

[0004] The application aims at the problem of how to comprehensively evaluate and make the optimal choice among multiple candidate parent nodes when a node accesses in a large-scale mesh network based on G3-Hybrid, and provides a network discovery and network access method for an electric energy meter based on a G3-Hybrid communication network; the network robustness and the meter reading success rate are effectively improved by comprehensively considering the network conflicts on PLC and RF communication channels, designated registration networks, priority original networks, blacklisted networks, weak link nodes and other factors.

[0005] The technical scheme of the application is:

[0006] The application provides a network discovery and network access method for an electric energy meter based on a G3-Hybrid communication network, comprising:

[0007] S1, initializing the electric energy meter communication module, and starting the network discovery process;

[0008] S2, the communication module adjusts the sending time of the network discovery request through a random delay strategy, and broadcasts the network discovery request frame to the surrounding nodes;

[0009] S3, the communication module receives the confirmation signal returned by the surrounding parent nodes, constructs a parent node list, and obtains the routing loss via different parent nodes to the concentrator according to the link loss calculation method;

[0010] S4, according to the preset network priority rule and signal quality level filtering rule, the optimal parent node to be accessed is determined from the parent node list;

[0011] S5, a network access request frame is initiated to the optimal parent node to be accessed, and the network access operation is completed; if the network access fails, the network discovery or network access process is re-initiated through a ladder delay strategy adjustment.

[0012] Further, S1 comprises:

[0013] S11, after the electric energy meter is powered on, the communication module completes the initialization operation of the G3-Hybrid communication protocol layer and the application layer;

[0014] S12, the designated registration network access identifier fix_PANId and the priority original network identifier pre_PANId pre-stored in the Flash storage medium are read as the judgment basis of the network access condition;

[0015] S13, the priority original network access timer and the network anomaly check timer are activated at the same time, which are used for time management in the subsequent process.

[0016] Further, S2 comprises:

[0017] S21, before the first network discovery, a random delay operation within a preset time range is performed;

[0018] S22, broadcast a network discovery request frame on a PLC power line carrier and RF radio frequency dual channel; and set a network discovery waiting time; the waiting time is maximized according to a network scanning window of the dual channel and a redundant time is added to avoid channel conflict caused by simultaneous power-on of multiple devices.

[0019] Further, in S3, the communication module receives the confirmation signals returned by the surrounding parent nodes, and the parent node list is constructed, including:

[0020] S31, in a preset waiting period, the confirmation signals BEACON fed back by the surrounding parent nodes are received synchronously through the PLC power line carrier and the RF radio frequency dual channel;

[0021] S32, after the waiting period ends, the information of all the received confirmation signals BEACON is summarized and stored in the parent node list; the parent node list information is reported to the application layer through the G3 protocol layer, and the number n of rounds of successfully receiving the confirmation signals BEACON is recorded for dynamic adjustment of the subsequent delay strategy.

[0022] Further, in S3, the route loss via different parent nodes to the concentrator is obtained according to the link loss calculation method, including:

[0023] S33, by optimizing the link loss weight distribution strategy, the weight factors of the PLC power line carrier and the RF radio frequency channel are adjusted to balance the characteristic differences of the dual channel;

[0024] S34, according to the link loss calculation formula of the PLC power line carrier and the RF radio frequency in the G3-Hybrid communication standard protocol, the link loss of the current electric energy meter and each neighbor parent node is calculated; the link loss is accumulated to obtain the complete route loss via different neighbor parent nodes to the concentrator, and is updated in the parent node list.

[0025] Further, S4 includes:

[0026] If there is a node with a specified registration network access identifier fix_PANId, the parent node meeting the identifier is preferentially screened;

[0027] If there is no node with a specified registration network access identifier fix_PANId but there is a node with a priority original network identifier pre_PANId, the parent node meeting the identifier is screened on the premise of meeting the blacklist and timer conditions;

[0028] If the above conditions are not met, the node meeting the requirements is screened from all the parent nodes;

[0029] On this basis, the hierarchical screening rule of non-weak link priority and weak link second is executed according to a signal quality threshold, and the optimal parent node to be entered into the network is determined in combination with route loss sorting.

[0030] Further, the hierarchical screening rule of non-weak link priority and weak link second comprises:

[0031] For the parent node to be entered into the network, the received signal quality LQI of each candidate parent node is compared with a preset threshold in the G3 standard protocol;

[0032] If the parent node is a PLC power line carrier communication node, whether the current parent node received signal quality LQI PLC is lower than the PLC preset threshold is compared; if the parent node is an RF radio frequency communication node, whether the current parent node received signal quality LQIRF is lower than the RF preset threshold is compared;

[0033] If the current parent node received signal quality LQI is lower than the corresponding preset threshold, it is determined that the corresponding node is a weak link node, and the node entry network process is delayed, and a non-weak link node with better signal quality is preferentially selected to access the network.

[0034] Further, the blacklist is a node that is excluded from the network by the concentrator and performs the network operation; the node records the exclusion event, triggers the network identifier PANId managed by the concentrator to store in the local blacklist list, and synchronously activates the blacklist timer of the corresponding network identifier PANId;

[0035] Within the timing period of the blacklist timer, the node avoids initiating a registration entry request to the network recorded in the blacklist list until the timer timing ends and the access restriction on the network identifier is released.

[0036] Further, the network entry request frame is initiated to the optimal parent node to be entered into the network in S5, and the network entry operation comprises:

[0037] S51, if the optimal parent node to be entered into the network meeting the condition is screened out, the network entry request frame is sent to it; if the network entry is successful, the current network information is saved and the related timer is closed;

[0038] S52, if the parent node meeting the condition is not screened out, the network abnormality timer state is checked, and it is decided to execute reset restart or re-initiate the network discovery process through the ladder delay strategy according to the state.

[0039] Further, if the network entry fails in S5, the network discovery or network entry process is re-initiated through the ladder delay strategy adjustment, comprising:

[0040] S53, if the network entry request is rejected or failed, the ladder-shaped random delay strategy is executed based on the number n of rounds of successful reception confirmation signals, and the delay time range is 0-2n seconds;

[0041] S54, when the delay ends, the optimal parent node is initiated again to request network access;

[0042] If the same parent node is continuously attempted for multiple times and still fails, the parent node is removed and re-screened;

[0043] If all parent nodes are traversed and still fail to access the network, according to the network exception timer state, it is decided to execute reset or continue to re-initiate network scanning through the delay strategy.

[0044] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0045] The present application innovatively proposes a network discovery and access strategy combining random delay, multiple attempts and failure ladder delay, which effectively disperses network load by dynamically adjusting node access timing, and avoids the problem of network storm caused by multiple nodes being powered on at the same time in the G3-Hybrid large-scale network scenario. At the same time, a multi-level parent node selection algorithm is proposed, which includes preferentially specifying a network, preferentially accessing the original network, preferentially selecting a reliable node and excluding a blacklist node, which can significantly improve the node access efficiency and ensure that the device quickly accesses the optimal network; by reducing the calculation of PLC channel influence factor, increasing the calculation of RF channel influence factor, screening high-reliability parent nodes, and enhancing network topology stability, the overall communication success rate, network robustness, and meter reading success rate are greatly improved.

[0046] The intelligent network access method of the power meter communication module disclosed by the present application realizes efficient and reliable network access through a multi-level parent node selection algorithm. The method first reads the preset network identifier from the Flash, starts the timer, and broadcasts the network discovery request using the random delay strategy; then receives the BEACON signal and optimizes the link loss calculation to construct the parent node list; then, according to the multi-dimensional indexes such as the preset network identifier, link quality and routing loss, the optimal parent node to be accessed is screened; if the screening fails, the ladder delay strategy is used for retry; finally, the network access request is sent to the optimal parent node, and the ladder random delay retry mechanism is executed when it fails. The present application significantly improves the network access success rate and stability of the power meter communication module through flexible parent node selection strategy and multiple retry mechanisms, and lays a foundation for reliable communication of smart grid.

[0047] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in detail in the subsequent specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0048] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present application will become more apparent from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference characters refer to the like parts throughout the figures, and in which:

[0049] Figure 1 The hardware PLC and RF channel transceiving schematic diagram of the G3-Hybrid communication network of the application is shown.

[0050] Figure 2 The G3-Hybrid node network discovery schematic diagram of the application is shown.

[0051] Figure 3 The power meter node network access flow chart of the application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The preferred embodiments of the application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the preferred embodiments of the application are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the application can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein.

[0053] The application provides a network discovery and network access method based on a G3-Hybrid communication network for a power meter, as shown in Figure 1 As shown, the power meter is provided with a G3-Hybrid communication module hardware, which supports signal receiving and sending of two channels of PLC power line carrier and RF radio frequency. As shown in Figure 2 As shown in the G3-Hybrid large-scale network environment, there are often PanC networks of multiple concentrators, and the power meter node will select a suitable concentrator network from these networks to complete the network access operation according to the predetermined network access rules.

[0054] The application provides a network discovery and network access method based on a G3-Hybrid communication network for a power meter, comprising:

[0055] S1, initializing the communication module of the power meter, and starting the network discovery process;

[0056] S2, the communication module adjusts the sending time of the network discovery request through a random delay strategy, and broadcasts the network discovery request frame to the surrounding nodes;

[0057] S3, the communication module receives the confirmation signal returned by the surrounding parent nodes, constructs a parent node list, and obtains the routing loss to the concentrator via different parent nodes according to the link loss calculation method;

[0058] S4, determining the optimal parent node to be accessed from the parent node list according to the preset network priority rules and signal quality level screening rules;

[0059] S5, initiating an access request frame to the optimal parent node to be accessed, and completing the network access operation; if the network access fails, the network discovery or network access process is re-initiated through a ladder delay strategy adjustment.

[0060] In implementation, if Figure 3 The power meter node network access flowchart of the application is shown.

[0061] After the power meter node to be accessed is powered on, the communication module first completes the initialization of the G3-Hybrid communication protocol and the application layer, then reads the stored specified registration network access fix_PANId and the priority original network pre_PANId information from the Flash in sequence, which are used for network access condition judgment, and starts the priority original network access timer and the network exception timer.

[0062] Before the communication module performs network discovery for the first time, a 0-3 second random delay strategy is executed, then a network discovery request frame ADPM-DISCOVERY.request is initiated, and the network discovery waiting time duration is specified. By sending the request in staggered peaks, channel conflict and network storm caused by simultaneous power-on of multiple devices are effectively avoided. The network discovery waiting time duration is the maximum value of the network scanning windows of the PLC and RF two channels plus 2 seconds of redundant time.

[0063] Within the preset network discovery waiting period, the communication module receives the BEACON signals fed back by the surrounding parent nodes through the power line carrier PLC and the radio frequency RF double channels synchronously. After the waiting is over, the module G3 communication protocol layer will summarize all the parent node information received, and report the above information to the power meter communication module application layer through the network discovery reply frame ADPM-DISCOVERY.confirm; at the same time, the number of rounds of successful reception of BEACON signals BeaconRevNum is added by 1, which is used as a key parameter for subsequent ladder delay time configuration, for dynamically adjusting the network discovery strategy and optimizing the network access process.

[0064] According to the link loss calculation formula of the carrier PLC and the radio frequency RF in the G3-Hybrid standard protocol, the link loss LinkCost to each neighbor parent node is calculated PLC or LinkCost RF , and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0065]

[0066] Among them, NumberOfActiveRoutes PLC is the number of active routes in the corresponding route table entry with the MediaType field set to 0 (PLC).

[0067] C i→j ,C j→i are the link losses between i and j (forward and reverse). The link loss is calculated as follows:

[0068]

[0069] Similarly, LinkCost RF The calculation formula is as follows:

[0070]

[0071] Where, NumberOfActiveRoutes RF is the number of active routes in the corresponding routing table entry with the MediaType field set to 1 (RF).

[0072] C i→j ,C j→i are the link losses between i and j (forward and reverse, respectively). The link loss is calculated as follows:

[0073]

[0074] By the way of link loss calculation on different channels, the proportion of link loss on PLC and RF channels is dynamically adjusted, as shown in Table 1, the weight default value given by G3 standard is shown in the column of G3 Spec Default, and the adjusted weight is shown in the column of Used infield. By optimizing the weight distribution strategy, the influence weight factor adpKh of hop number in PLC link loss calculation is reduced, and the influence weight factor adpKq_RF of signal quality in RF link loss calculation is improved. The difference between the link characteristics of the two channels is effectively balanced, so that the PLC network link loss with higher stability is lower than the RF network which is easily affected by environmental interference, thereby constructing a more stable and reliable hybrid network communication system.

[0075] Where adpLowLQIValue, adpHighLQIValue, adpLowLQIValue_RF, and adpHighLQIValue_RF are parameters adjusted according to the actual hardware receiving sensitivity and transmission power.

[0076] Table 1 Link loss weight factor

[0077]

[0078] Each network node calculates the link cost LinkCost between each neighbor parent node according to the above formula, and then accumulates it to obtain the complete link route loss RouteCost through different neighbor parent nodes to the concentrator, and stores the calculation result to the parent node list, providing data support for subsequent network parent node decision-making. Combined with Figure 2 The parent node list of the unconnected device node Unconnected Device Node C in the environment is shown in Table 2:

[0079] Table 2 parent node list

[0080] Parent No. Parent Node PAN Id Short Address Media Type LQI rc Coord Link Cost Route Cost 1 A8 0x3043 0x4E22 0 53 13 12 25 2 A8 0x3043 0x4E22 1 87 13 23 36 3 B5 0x07E8 0x61E1 1 129 21 8 29 4 B5 0x07E8 0x61E1 0 73 21 8 29 5 A9 0x3043 0x4E48 0 92 28 4 32 6 A9 0x3043 0x4E48 1 132 28 7 35 7 A13 0x3043 0x4E26 1 79 48 24 72 8 B4 0x07E8 0x61E8 0 90 32 4 36 9 B4 0x07E8 0x61E8 1 135 32 6 38 10 B9 0x07E8 0x61F3 1 106 44 16 60 11 B9 0x07E8 0x61F3 0 75 44 7 51 12 A11 0x3043 0x4E4C 1 136 36 5 41 13 A11 0x3043 0x4E4C 0 96 36 3 39 14 A14 0x3043 0x4E4F 0 88 59 5 64 15 B7 0x07E8 0x61E9 1 76 33 24 57 16 B8 0x07E8 0x61EA 1 90 43 22 65

[0081] If there is a specified registration into the network fix_PANId, such as fix_PANId = 0x3043, i.e. the current electric energy meter can only be networked with the concentrator network with the specified PANId 0x3043, then from the parent node list in Table 2, the neighbor parent nodes belonging to 0x3043 are filtered out, i.e. Parent No. 1-2, 5-7, 12-14, and then the node with the lowest route cost RouteCost is selected from the filtered neighbor parent nodes as the parent node to be networked bestPanc, i.e. Parent No. 1 (MediaType = 0, i.e. PLC channel).

[0082] According to the hierarchical screening rule of "non-weak link first, weak link second", combined with the sorting standard of route cost RouteCost from low to high, the candidate parent nodes are evaluated to determine whether the optimal parent node to be networked bestPanc, i.e. Parent No. 1, is a weak_link node. The weak link threshold of PLC and RF channel is shown in Table 3:

[0083] Table 3 weak link threshold

[0084] PIB parameters LQI threshold adp_weak_LQI_value 58 adp_weak_LQI_value_RF 85

[0085] After comparison, the LQI of Parent No. 1 is < adp_weak_LQI_value, which is determined as a weak_link node, so its networking is suspended, and the next low RouteCost Parent No. 5 is filtered out, whose LQI > adp_weak_LQI_value is a reliable parent node, so it is selected as the parent node to be networked bestPanc, and the network request frame ADPM-NETWORK-JOIN.request is initiated. As can be seen, although the route cost RouteCost of Parent No. 1 is the lowest and the hop count is less, but the signal quality between it and the node to be networked is very poor, which will affect the communication success rate. If it is used as a relay node, it will affect the network communication stability of the farther nodes, resulting in the reduction of the overall network communication success rate, so its networking is suspended, and the Parent No. 5 node with more hop count but higher and more stable communication quality is selected for networking.

[0086] If there is no fix_PANId for registration, there is a pre_PANId, such as pre_PANId=0x07E8, and it is determined whether the current pre_PANId is in the registration blacklist. If it is not in the registration blacklist, and the current pre_PANId has not expired, neighbor parent nodes belonging to 0x07E8 are selected from the parent node list in turn, i.e. Parent No. 3-4, 8-11, 15-16, and the node with the lowest route cost RouteCost is selected from the selected neighbor parent nodes as the parent node to be networked bestPanc, i.e. Parent No. 3 (MediaType=1, i.e. RF channel). The RouteCost of Parent No. 3 and Parent No. 4 is the same, and the former parent node is selected according to the parent node list order. It is further determined whether Parent No. 3 is a weak_link node. After comparison, the LQI of Parent No. 3 is greater than adp_weak_LQI_value_RF, and it is determined to be a reliable parent node, so it is selected as the parent node to be networked bestPanc, and a network request ADPM-NETWORK-JOIN.request is sent to it.

[0087] If there is no fix_PANId for registration, there is no pre_PANId for registration, or the pre_PANId exists but the mechanism is invalid due to being in the registration blacklist, the pre_PANId timer expiring, etc., all parent nodes are selected from the parent node list in turn, and the parent nodes in the registration blacklist are filtered out. According to the hierarchical filtering rule of "non-weak link first, weak link second", and in combination with the route cost RouteCost from low to high, the node with the lowest route cost RouteCost is selected from the parent nodes that meet the requirements as the parent node to be networked bestPanc.

[0088] As shown in Table 2, according to the route cost RouteCost from low to high, Parent No. 1 is selected first, which is a weak_link node, so its network is suspended; Parent No. 3 is selected, but it is in the blacklist list at this time, so its network is suspended; Parent No. 4 is selected, which is also in the blacklist list, so its network is suspended; Parent No. 5 is selected, which is not in the blacklist list and is determined to be a reliable parent node, so it is selected as the parent node to be networked bestPanc, and a network request ADPM-NETWORK-JOIN.request is sent to it.

[0089] After the above screening process, if there is a bestPanc that meets the conditions and the node successfully enters the network, the concentrator accessed by the node is set as the priority original network, and the PANID of the corresponding concentrator is stored as the next priority network identifier pre_PANId in the Flash memory, while the priority original network entry timer and the network anomaly check timer are closed. If no available bestPanc is screened out, the system will check the network anomaly timer state: if the timer has timed out, the communication module will automatically perform a reset and restart; if it has not timed out, the interval time is adjusted according to the ladder delay strategy, and the ADPM-DISCOVERY.request network scan is initiated again to continuously attempt to complete the network entry operation.

[0090] If the node encounters rejection or failure during the network entry process, a ladder-shaped random delay strategy based on the number of successful reception of BEACON signals BeaconRevNum is performed. Specifically, the delay time range is 0-2^BeaconRevNum seconds. After each round of network discovery request ADPM-DISCOVERY.request and successful reception of the BEACON signal, the BeaconRevNum value is incremented by 1. At this time, the random delay time will be given according to the sequence of a maximum of 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 32, 32…… minutes. To prevent the network time from being too long due to the continuous accumulation of delay time, the maximum random delay time is set to 32 minutes.

[0091] When the ladder random delay ends, the node will initiate an ADPM-NETWORK-JOIN.request network entry request to the selected network entry parent node bestPanc. For the same parent node, if the network entry is not successful for 3 consecutive attempts according to this strategy, the node will be removed from the parent node list, and the bestPanc will be re-screened from the remaining nodes to continue the network entry process. If all parent nodes are traversed and the network entry is still not successful, it indicates that this round of network scan has not found a suitable PAN-C. At this time, the system will check the network anomaly timer state: if the timer has timed out, the communication module will automatically trigger a reset and restart; if it has not timed out, the ladder delay strategy is executed, and the ADPM-DISCOVERY.request network scan is initiated again to continuously attempt to enter the network.

[0092] The above has described various embodiments of the present application, and the above description is exemplary, not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and changes are obvious to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.

Claims

1. A network discovery and network access method for electricity meters based on a G3-Hybrid communication network, characterized in that, include: S1. Initialize the electricity meter communication module and start the network discovery process; S2. The communication module adjusts the timing of sending network discovery requests through a random delay strategy and broadcasts network discovery request frames to surrounding nodes. S3. The communication module receives the confirmation signals returned by the surrounding parent nodes, constructs a list of parent nodes, and obtains the routing loss to the concentrator through different parent nodes according to the link loss calculation method. S4. Determine the optimal parent node to be added to the network from the parent node list according to the preset network priority rules and signal quality level filtering rules; S5. Send a network entry request frame to the optimal parent node to be joined to complete the network entry operation; if the network entry fails, re-initiate the network discovery or network entry process after adjusting the tiered delay strategy.

2. The network discovery and network access method for electricity meters based on a G3-Hybrid communication network as described in claim 1, characterized in that... S1 includes: S11. After the energy meter is powered on, the communication module completes the initialization operations of the G3-Hybrid communication protocol layer and application layer. S12. Read the pre-saved specified registration network entry identifier fix_PANId and the priority original network identifier pre_PANId from the Flash storage medium as the basis for judging the network entry conditions; S13. Simultaneously activate the priority original network access timer and the network anomaly check timer for time management in subsequent processes.

3. The network discovery and network access method for an electricity meter based on a G3-Hybrid communication network as described in claim 1, characterized in that S2 include: S21. Before the first network discovery, perform a random delay operation within a preset time range; S22. Broadcast a network discovery request frame on both the PLC power line carrier and RF dual channels; and Set a network discovery waiting time; the waiting time is based on the maximum value of the dual-channel network scanning window plus a redundancy time to avoid channel conflicts caused by multiple devices powering on at the same time.

4. The network discovery and network access method for electricity meters based on a G3-Hybrid communication network as described in claim 1, characterized in that... In S3, the communication module receives acknowledgment signals returned by surrounding parent nodes and constructs a list of parent nodes including: S31. Within the preset waiting period, the PLC synchronously receives the confirmation signal BEACON from the surrounding parent nodes through both power line carrier and RF dual channels. S32. After the waiting period ends, the information of all received confirmation signals BEACON is summarized and stored in the parent node list; the parent node list information is reported to the application layer through the G3 protocol layer, and the number of rounds n in which the confirmation signal BEACON is successfully received is recorded for dynamic adjustment of the subsequent delay strategy.

5. A network discovery and network access method for electricity meters based on a G3-Hybrid communication network as described in claim 4, characterized in that... In S3, obtaining the routing loss from different parent nodes to the concentrator based on the link loss calculation method includes: S33. By optimizing the link loss weight allocation strategy, the weight factors of PLC power line carrier and RF radio frequency channel are adjusted to balance the differences in the characteristics of the two channels. S34. Calculate the link loss between the current energy meter and each neighboring parent node according to the link loss calculation formula of PLC power line carrier and RF radio frequency in the G3-Hybrid communication standard protocol; accumulate the link losses to obtain the complete routing loss to the concentrator through different neighboring parent nodes, and update the parent node list.

6. The network discovery and network access method for an electricity meter based on a G3-Hybrid communication network as described in claim 1, characterized in that S4 include: If a node with a specified registration identifier fix_PANId exists, then parent nodes matching that identifier will be selected first. If there is no specified registration network identifier fix_PANId but there is a node with the priority original network identifier pre_PANId, then the parent node matching the identifier will be selected under the premise of satisfying the blacklist and timer conditions. If none of the above conditions are met, then select nodes that meet the requirements from all parent nodes; Based on this, a hierarchical screening rule is implemented according to the signal quality threshold, prioritizing non-weak links and then weak links, and the optimal parent node to be added to the network is determined by combining the routing loss sorting.

7. A network discovery and network access method for electricity meters based on a G3-Hybrid communication network as described in claim 6, characterized in that... The hierarchical filtering rule, which prioritizes non-weak links and then weak links, includes: For the parent node to be added to the network, the received signal quality (LQI) of each candidate parent node is compared with the preset threshold in the G3 standard protocol. If the parent node is a PLC power line carrier communication node, compare whether the current received signal quality LQIPLC of the parent node is lower than the PLC preset threshold; if the parent node is an RF radio frequency communication node, compare whether the current received signal quality LQIRF of the parent node is lower than the RF preset threshold. If the LQI of the current parent node is lower than the corresponding preset threshold, the corresponding node is determined to be a weak link node, and the node’s network access process is delayed. Instead, a non-weak link node with better signal quality is selected to access the network.

8. A network discovery and network access method for electricity meters based on a G3-Hybrid communication network as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The blacklist consists of nodes that are removed from the network by the concentrator after successful network access. The nodes record the removal event, and the network identifier PANId managed by the concentrator that triggered the removal command is stored in the local blacklist and the blacklist timer for the corresponding network identifier PANId is activated simultaneously. During the blacklist timer period, the node avoids initiating registration requests to networks recorded in the blacklist until the timer expires and access restrictions on that network identifier are lifted.

9. A network discovery and network access method for electricity meters based on a G3-Hybrid communication network as described in claim 1, characterized in that... In S5, a network entry request frame is sent to the optimal parent node to be joined, and the network entry operation is completed by: S51. If the optimal parent node to be joined to the network is selected that meets the conditions, a network joining request frame is sent to it; if the network joining is successful, the current network information is saved and the relevant timers are turned off. S52. If no parent node that meets the criteria is found, check the network anomaly timer status and decide whether to perform a reset and restart or re-initiate the network discovery process through a tiered delay strategy based on the status.

10. A network discovery and network access method for an electricity meter based on a G3-Hybrid communication network as described in claim 1, characterized in that... In S5, if network access fails, the network discovery or network access process is re-initiated after adjusting the tiered delay strategy, including: S53. If the network access request is rejected or fails, a ladder-like random delay strategy is executed based on the number of rounds n in which the acknowledgment signal is successfully received, with a delay time range of 0-2. n Second; S54. After the delay ends, send another network entry request to the optimal parent node to join the network. If multiple attempts to target the same parent node fail, remove that parent node and re-filter. If the network still fails to join after traversing all parent nodes, the network error timer status will determine whether to perform a reset or continue to re-initiate the network scan using a delay strategy.

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