Method and apparatus for beam reselection operation

Abstract

A method for a first device to perform wireless communication and an apparatus supporting the same are provided. The method may comprise the following steps: acquiring configuration information related to at least one beam; selecting a first beam from among the at least one beam; selecting a second beam excluding the first beam from among the at least one beam; and performing communication based on the second beam. For example, the second beam may be selected by excluding the first beam based on discontinuous transmission (DTX) associated with the first beam.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to wireless communication systems. Background Technology

[0002] 5G NR is the successor to Long Term Evolution (LTE) technology, which corresponds to a new type of mobile communication system with high performance, low latency, and high availability. 5G NR can use all spectrum resources available for use cases, including low-frequency bands below 1 GHz, mid-frequency bands from 1 GHz to 10 GHz, and high-frequency bands (millimeter waves) of 24 GHz or higher.

[0003] 6G (wireless communication) systems aim to achieve (i) very high data rates per device, (ii) a very large number of connected devices, (iii) global connectivity, (iv) very low latency, (v) low energy consumption for battery-free IoT devices, (vi) ultra-reliable connectivity, and (vii) connected intelligence with machine learning capabilities. The vision for 6G systems can encompass four aspects: intelligent connectivity, deep connectivity, holographic connectivity, and ubiquitous connectivity, and 6G systems can meet the requirements shown in Table 1 below. In other words, Table 1 provides examples of the requirements for 6G systems.

[0004] [Table 1]

[0005] Peak data rate per device 1 Tbps E2E latency 1 ms Maximum spectral efficiency 100 bps / Hz Mobility support Up to 1000 km / hr Satellite integration completely AI completely Autonomous vehicles completely XR completely tactile communication completely Summary of the Invention

[0006] Technical solution

[0007] In one embodiment, a method for performing wireless communication by a first device is provided. The method may include the steps of: obtaining configuration information associated with at least one beam; selecting a first beam among the at least one beam; selecting a second beam among the at least one beam that excludes the first beam; and performing communication based on the second beam. For example, the second beam may be selected by excluding the first beam based on discontinuous transmission (DTX) associated with the first beam.

[0008] In one embodiment, a first device configured to perform wireless communication is provided. The first device may include: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, based on execution by the at least one processor, cause the first device to perform operations including: obtaining configuration information associated with at least one beam; selecting a first beam among the at least one beam; selecting a second beam among the at least one beam that excludes the first beam; and performing communication based on the second beam. For example, the second beam may be selected by excluding the first beam based on discontinuous transmission (DTX) associated with the first beam.

[0009] In one embodiment, a processing means configured to control a first device is provided. The processing means may include: at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, based on execution by the at least one processor, cause the first device to perform operations including: obtaining configuration information associated with at least one beam; selecting a first beam among the at least one beam; selecting a second beam among the at least one beam that excludes the first beam; and performing communication based on the second beam. For example, the second beam may be selected by excluding the first beam based on discontinuous transmission (DTX) associated with the first beam.

[0010] In one embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is provided for recording instructions. For example, the instructions, upon execution, cause a first device to perform operations including: obtaining configuration information associated with at least one beam; selecting a first beam among the at least one beam; selecting a second beam among the at least one beam that excludes the first beam; and performing communication based on the second beam. For example, the second beam may be selected by excluding the first beam based on discontinuous transmission (DTX) associated with the first beam. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 A communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0012] Figure 2 The electromagnetic spectrum based on embodiments of this disclosure is shown.

[0013] Figure 3 An example of a typical NTN scenario based on a transparent payload, based on an embodiment of this disclosure, is shown.

[0014] Figure 4An example of a typical NTN scenario based on a regenerable payload, based on an embodiment of this disclosure, is shown.

[0015] Figure 5 An example of sensing operation based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0016] Figure 6 The structure of a time slot for a frame based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0017] Figure 7 An example of a BWP based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0018] Figure 8 The process of a UE performing V2X or SL communication based on a transmission mode according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0019] Figure 9 Beam Failure Recovery (BFR) operation based on an embodiment of this disclosure is illustrated.

[0020] Figure 10 Beam Failure Recovery (BFR) operation based on an embodiment of this disclosure is illustrated.

[0021] Figure 11 A beam reselection operation based on an embodiment of this disclosure is illustrated.

[0022] Figure 12 A method for performing wireless communication based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0023] Figure 13 A method for performing wireless communication using a second apparatus based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0024] Figure 14 A communication system 1 based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0025] Figure 15 A wireless device based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0026] Figure 16 A signal processing circuit for transmitting signals based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0027] Figure 17 Another example of a wireless device based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0028] Figure 18 A handheld device based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0029] Figure 19 Vehicles or autonomous vehicles based on embodiments of this disclosure are shown. Detailed Implementation

[0030] In this disclosure, "A or B" may mean "A only", "B only", or "both A and B". In other words, in this disclosure, "A or B" can be interpreted as "A and / or B". For example, in this disclosure, "A, B or C" may mean "A only", "B only", "C only", or "any combination of A, B, and C".

[0031] The forward slash ( / ) or comma used in this disclosure can mean "and / or". For example, "A / B" can mean "A and / or B". Therefore, "A / B" can mean "A only", "B only", or "both A and B". For example, "A, B, C" can mean "A, B, or C".

[0032] In this disclosure, "at least one of A and B" may mean "only A", "only B" or "both A and B". Furthermore, in this disclosure, the expression "at least one of A or B" or "at least one of A and / or B" may be interpreted as "at least one of A and B".

[0033] Additionally, in this disclosure, "at least one of A, B, and C" may mean "A only", "B only", "C only" or "any combination of A, B, and C". Furthermore, "at least one of A, B, or C" or "at least one of A, B, and / or C" may mean "at least one of A, B, and C".

[0034] Additionally, the brackets used in this disclosure may mean "for example". Specifically, when indicated as "Control Message (PDCCH)", this may mean that "PDCCH" is cited as an example of "control message". In other words, "control message" in this disclosure is not limited to "PDCCH", and "PDCCH" may be cited as an example of "control message". Specifically, when indicated as "control message (i.e., PDCCH)", this may also mean that "PDCCH" is cited as an example of "control message".

[0035] In the following description, "when, if, or in the case of" can be replaced with "based on".

[0036] The technical features described in one of the accompanying drawings in this disclosure can be implemented individually or simultaneously.

[0037] In this disclosure, higher-layer parameters can be parameters configured, pre-configured, or predefined for the UE. For example, a base station or network can send higher-layer parameters to the UE. For example, higher-layer parameters can be sent via Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling or Media Access Control (MAC) signaling.

[0038] In this disclosure, "configuration or definition" can be interpreted as configuring or pre-configuring the device via predefined signaling (e.g., SIB, MAC, RRC) from a base station or network.

[0039] The techniques proposed in this disclosure can be used in various wireless communication systems such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), and Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA). CDMA can be implemented using radio technologies such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) or CDMA-2000. TDMA can be implemented using radio technologies such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) / General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) / Enhanced Data Rate GSM Evolution (EDGE). OFDMA can be implemented using radio technologies such as IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), Long Term Evolution (LTE), and 5G NR.

[0040] The technologies proposed in this disclosure can be implemented as 6G wireless technologies and can be applied to various 6G systems. For example, 6G systems can have key features such as enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC), massive machine-type communication (mMTC), artificial intelligence (AI) unified communication, tactile internet, high throughput, high network capacity, high energy efficiency, low backhaul and access network congestion, and enhanced data security.

[0041] Figure 1 A communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 1 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0042] New network features in 6G may include:

[0043] - Satellite Integrated Network

[0044] - Connecting Intelligence: Unlike previous generations of wireless communication systems, 6G is revolutionary, and wireless evolution can be updated from "connecting things" to "connecting intelligence." AI can be applied to every step of the communication process (or every signal processing step described below).

[0045] - Seamless integration of wireless information and power transfer

[0046] - Ubiquitous Super 3D Connectivity: Access to drones, network and core network functions of VLEO satellites will create ubiquitous super 3D connectivity in 6G.

[0047] Among the new network features mentioned above in 6G, some common requirements may be as follows.

[0048] - Small community network

[0049] - Ultra-dense heterogeneous networks

[0050] - High-capacity return

[0051] - Radar technology integrated with mobile technology: High-precision positioning (or location-based services) via communication is one of the functions of 6G wireless communication systems. Therefore, radar systems will be integrated with 6G networks.

[0052] - Software and virtualization

[0053] The following describes the key implementation technologies for 6G systems.

[0054] - Artificial Intelligence: Introducing AI into telecommunications can simplify and improve real-time data transmission. AI can use numerous analyses to determine how to perform complex, targeted tasks, meaning it can improve efficiency and reduce processing latency. Time-consuming tasks such as handover, network selection, and resource scheduling can be completed instantly using AI. AI can also play a significant role in M2M, machine-to-human, and human-to-machine communications. Furthermore, AI can facilitate rapid communication in brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). AI-based communication systems can be supported by metamaterials, smart structures, smart networks, smart devices, intelligent cognitive radios, self-sustaining wireless networks, and machine learning.

[0055] - THz communication (terahertz communication): Data rates can be increased by increasing bandwidth. This can be achieved by using sub-THz communication with wide bandwidth and applying advanced massive MIMO technology. THz waves (also known as sub-millimeter radiation) refer to the frequency band between 0.1 THz and 10 THz, where the corresponding wavelengths are typically in the range of 0.03 mm to 3 mm. The 100 GHz-300 GHz frequency band range (sub-THz band) is considered the main part of the THz frequency band used for cellular communication. Adding sub-THz bands to the millimeter wave band increases the capacity of 6G cellular communication. The 300 GHz-3 THz band in the defined THz frequency band is in the far-infrared (IR) band. The 300 GHz-3 THz band is part of the optical band, but it is on the boundary of the optical band, just behind the RF band. Therefore, the 300 GHz-3 THz band exhibits similarity to RF. Figure 2 An electromagnetic spectrum according to one embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated. Figure 2 The implementation methods can be combined with various embodiments of this disclosure. Key characteristics of THz communication include (i) a wide range of available bandwidth supporting very high data rates, and (ii) high path loss at high frequencies (for which highly directional antennas are indispensable). The narrow beamwidth generated by highly directional antennas reduces interference. The small wavelength of THz signals allows a greater number of antenna elements to be integrated into devices and base stations operating in this band. This enables the use of advanced adaptive array techniques that can overcome range limitations.

[0056] - Massive MIMO technology

[0057] - Holographic beamforming (HBF)

[0058] - Optical wireless technology

[0059] - Free-space optical transport backhaul network (FSO backhaul network)

[0060] - Quantum communication

[0061] - Cellular communication

[0062] - Integration of wireless information and power transmission

[0063] - Integration of wireless communication and sensing

[0064] - Integrated access and backhaul networks

[0065] Big Data Analytics

[0066] - Reconfigurable smart surfaces (Reconfigurable smart surfaces)

[0067] - Metaverse

[0068] - Blockchain

[0069] - Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs): UAVs, or drones, will be a crucial component of 6G wireless communication. In most cases, UAV technology can provide high-speed data wireless connectivity. Base station (BS) entities can be mounted on UAVs to provide cellular connectivity. UAVs can possess specific characteristics not found in fixed BS infrastructure (e.g., ease of deployment, strong line-of-sight links, and controlled degrees of freedom of mobility). During emergencies such as natural disasters, the deployment of terrestrial telecommunications infrastructure is economically infeasible and sometimes unable to provide service in volatile environments. UAVs can easily handle these situations. UAVs will be a new paradigm in wireless communication. This technology contributes to the three fundamental requirements of wireless networks: eMBB, URLLC, and mMTC. UAVs can also support many other purposes such as enhanced network connectivity, fire detection, disaster emergency services, security and surveillance, pollution monitoring, parking monitoring, accident monitoring, and more. Therefore, UAV technology is considered one of the most important technologies for 6G communication.

[0070] - Advanced Air Mobility (AAM): AAM is the parent concept of Urban Air Mobility (UAM). UAM refers to air vehicles that can be used in urban centers, and can also refer to vehicles that move between urban centers and regional bases.

[0071] - Autonomous Driving (Autonomous Driving): Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) (a key element in building autonomous driving infrastructure) can be a technology that enables vehicles to communicate and share information with various elements on the road (such as vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) wireless communication and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) wireless communication) to perform autonomous driving. To maximize the performance of autonomous driving and ensure high safety, high transmission speeds and low latency technologies are necessary. Furthermore, in the future, autonomous driving may need to go beyond delivering warnings or guidance messages to the driver and actively intervening in vehicle operation; it may require direct control of the vehicle in dangerous situations. For this, the amount of information that needs to be sent and received may be substantial, thus 6G is expected to maximize autonomous driving with faster transmission speeds and lower latency than 5G.

[0072] - Non-terrestrial network (NTN): NTN can refer to a network or network segment that uses radio frequency (RF) resources installed on a satellite (or unmanned aerial system (UAS) platform). Figure 3 An example of a typical NTN scenario based on a transparent payload, based on an embodiment of this disclosure, is shown. Figure 4 An example of a typical NTN scenario based on a regenerable payload, based on an embodiment of this disclosure, is shown. Figure 3 or Figure 4 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure. See also... Figure 3The satellite (or UAS platform) can establish a service link with the UE. The satellite (or UAS platform) can connect to the gateway via a feeder link. The satellite can connect to the data network via the gateway. Beam coverage refers to the area where signals transmitted by the satellite can be received. (See reference...) Figure 4 A satellite (or UAS platform) can establish a service link with the UE. A satellite (or UAS platform) connected to the UE can connect to other satellites (or UAS platforms) via an inter-satellite link (ISL). Other satellites (or UAS platforms) can connect to the gateway via a feeder link. Based on regenerated payloads, satellites can connect to the data network via other satellites and gateways. If there is no ISL between a satellite and another satellite, a feeder link between the satellite and the gateway may be required. Figure 3 and Figure 4 This is merely an example of an NTN scenario, and NTN can be implemented based on various types of scenarios. For example, a satellite (or UAS platform) can implement transparent or regenerated (with onboard processing) payloads. For example, a satellite (or UAS platform) can generate multiple beams over a designated service area based on its field of view. For example, the field of view of a satellite (or UAS platform) can vary based on the onboard antenna pattern and minimum elevation angle. For example, a transparent payload can include RF filtering, frequency conversion, and amplification. Therefore, the waveform signal repeated by the payload can remain unchanged. For example, a regenerated payload can include RF filtering, frequency conversion and amplification, demodulation / decryption, switching and / or routing, and encoding / modulation. For example, a regenerated payload can be substantially equivalent to equipping a satellite (or UAS platform) with all or part of the base station functionality.

[0073] - Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC): Wireless sensing is a technology that uses radio frequency (RF) to determine the instantaneous linear velocity, angle, and distance (range) of an object to obtain information about the environment and / or the characteristics of objects within the environment. Because RF sensing does not require a connection to the object via a device in a network, it can provide services for determining the location of objects without such a device. The ability to obtain range, velocity, and angle information from RF signals can provide a wide range of new capabilities, such as the detection of various objects, object recognition (e.g., vehicles, people, animals, UAVs), and high-precision positioning, tracking, and activity recognition. Wireless sensing services can provide information to various industries (e.g., unmanned aerial vehicles, smart homes, V2X, factories, railways, public safety, etc.) to enable applications such as intruder detection, assisted vehicle control and navigation, trajectory tracking, collision avoidance, traffic management, health, and traffic management. In some cases, wireless sensing can use non-3GPP sensors (e.g., radar, cameras) to further support 3GPP-based sensing. For example, the operation of a wireless sensing service (i.e., sensing operation) can depend on the processing of the transmission, reflection, and scattering of wireless sensing signals. Therefore, wireless sensing can provide opportunities to enhance existing communication systems from communication networks to wireless and sensing networks. Figure 5 An example of sensing operation based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 5 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure. Specifically, Figure 5 (a) illustrates an example of sensing using a sensing receiver and a sensing transmitter at the same location (e.g., single-station sensing), and Figure 5 (b) illustrates an example of sensing using a separate sensing receiver and sensing transmitter (e.g., dual-station sensing).

[0074] The radio interface protocol layer between the UE and the network can be classified into Layer 1 (L1), Layer 2 (L2), and Layer 3 (L3) based on the well-known Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model in communication systems. The Physical (PHY) layer, belonging to Layer 1, provides information transmission services using physical channels, while the Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer, located in Layer 3, controls the radio resources between the UE and the network. For this purpose, the RRC layer exchanges RRC messages between the UE and the BS layer.

[0075] The physical layer provides information transmission services to the upper layers through physical channels. The physical layer connects to the Media Access Control (MAC) layer, which is the upper layer, through transport channels. Data is transmitted between the MAC layer and the physical layer via transport channels. Transport channels are classified according to how data is transmitted through the radio interface and what characteristics of the data are transmitted.

[0076] Data is transmitted between different physical layers (i.e., the PHY layer of the transmitter and the PHY layer of the receiver) via a physical channel. The physical channel can be modulated using an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) scheme, and the physical channel uses time and frequency as radio resources.

[0077] The MAC layer provides services to the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, which is higher than the MAC layer, via logical channels. The MAC layer provides the ability to map multiple logical channels to multiple transport channels. The MAC layer also provides logical channel multiplexing by mapping multiple logical channels to a single transport channel. The MAC layer provides data transmission services through logical channels.

[0078] The RLC layer performs concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of Radio Link Control Service Data Units (RLC SDUs). To ensure the different Quality of Service (QoS) required by the Radio Bearer (RB), the RLC layer provides three types of operating modes: Transparent Mode (TM), Unacknowledged Mode (UM), and Acknowledged Mode (AM). AM RLC provides error correction through Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ).

[0079] The Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer is defined only in the control plane. The RRC layer is used to control the configuration, reconfiguration, and release of logical, transport, and physical channels associated with RBs. RBs are logical paths for data transmission between the UE and the network, provided by Layer 1 (i.e., the Physical Layer or PHY Layer) and Layer 2 (i.e., the MAC Layer, RLC Layer, Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) Layer, and Serving Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) Layer).

[0080] The Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) in the user plane performs functions including user data transmission, header compression, and encryption. The Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) in the control plane performs functions including control plane data transmission and encryption / integrity protection.

[0081] The Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer is defined only in the user plane. The SDAP layer performs the mapping between Quality of Service (QoS) flows and Data Radio Bearers (DRBs) and the QoS Flow ID (QFI) tagging in both DL and UL packets.

[0082] The configuration of an Radio Bearer (RB) refers to the processing used to specify the radio protocol layer and channel attributes to provide specific services, as well as to determine the corresponding detailed parameters and operating methods. RBs can then be classified into two types: Signaling Radio Bearers (SRBs) and Data Radio Bearers (DRBs). SRBs are used as paths for transmitting RRC messages in the control plane, while DRBs are used as paths for transmitting user data in the user plane.

[0083] When an RRC connection is established between the UE's RRC layer and the E-UTRAN's RRC layer, the UE is in the RRC connected (RRC_CONNECTED) state; otherwise, the UE can be in the RRC idle (RRC_IDLE) state. In the NR case, an additional RRC inactive (RRC_INACTRIVE) state is defined, and a UE in the RRC_INACTRIVE state can maintain its connection with the core network while releasing its connection with the BS.

[0084] The downlink transport channels for sending (or transmitting) data from the network to the UE include the Broadcast Channel (BCH) for sending system information and the Shared Downlink Channel (SCH) for sending other user service or control messages. Service or control messages for downlink multicast or broadcast services can be sent via the downlink SCH or via a separate downlink multicast channel (MCH). Furthermore, the uplink transport channels for sending (or transmitting) data from the UE to the network include the Random Access Channel (RACH) for sending initial control messages and the Shared Uplink Channel (SCH) for sending other user service or control messages.

[0085] Examples of logical channels that belong to a higher layer than the transport channel and are mapped to the transport channel may include the Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH), Paging Control Channel (PCCH), Common Control Channel (CCCH), Multicast Control Channel (MCCH), Multicast Service Channel (MTCH), etc.

[0086] Radio frames can be used to perform uplink and downlink transmissions. A radio frame is 10 ms long and can be defined as consisting of two half-frames (HF). A half-frame can include five 1 ms subframes (SF). A subframe (SF) can be divided into one or more time slots, and the number of time slots within a subframe can be determined based on the subcarrier spacing (SCS). Each time slot can include 12 or 14 OFDM (A) symbols depending on the cyclic prefix (CP).

[0087] With normal CP, each time slot can include 14 symbols. With extended CP, each time slot can include 12 symbols. In this paper, symbols can include OFDM symbols (or CP-OFDM symbols) and single-carrier-FDMA (SC-FDMA) symbols (or Discrete Fourier Transform Extended OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) symbols).

[0088] Table 2 below shows the number of symbols per slot based on SCS configuration (u) when using normal CP or extended CP. Number of time slots per frame and the number of time slots per subframe Examples.

[0089] [Table 2]

[0090]

[0091] Figure 6 The structure of a time slot for a frame based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 6 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0092] Reference Figure 6 A time slot comprises multiple symbols in the time domain. A carrier comprises multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. A resource block (RB) can be defined as multiple consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain (e.g., 12 subcarriers). A bandwidth portion (BWP) can be defined as multiple consecutive (physical) resource blocks ((P)RBs) in the frequency domain, and a BWP can correspond to a set of parameters (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.). A carrier can include up to N BWPs (e.g., 5 BWPs). Data communication can be performed via active BWPs. Each element can be referred to as a resource element (RE) in the resource grid, and a complex number of symbols can be mapped to each element.

[0093] A BWP can be a contiguous set of Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs) within a given set of parameters. A PRB can be a contiguous set of Common Resource Blocks (CRBs) for a given set of parameters on a given carrier.

[0094] Figure 7 An example of a BWP according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 7 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure. It is assumed that in... Figure 7 In this implementation, the number of BWPs is 3.

[0095] Reference Figure 7 A Common Resource Block (CRB) can be a carrier resource block numbered from one end of a carrier frequency band to the other. Alternatively, a Producer Resource Block (PRB) can be a resource block numbered within each BWP. Point A can indicate a common reference point for the resource block grid.

[0096] It can be determined by point A and the offset relative to point A. and bandwidth Configure the BWP. For example, point A can be an external reference point of the PRB of a carrier, with subcarrier 0 of all parameter sets (e.g., all parameter sets supported by the network on the corresponding carrier) aligned at point A. For example, offset can be the PRB distance between the lowest subcarrier in a given parameter set and point A. For example, bandwidth can be the number of PRBs in a given parameter set.

[0097] The secondary link synchronization signal (SLSS) can include a primary secondary link synchronization signal (PSSS) and a secondary secondary link synchronization signal (SSSS) as a secondary link (SL)-specific sequence. The PSSS can be referred to as the secondary link primary synchronization signal (S-PSS), and the SSSS can be referred to as the secondary link secondary synchronization signal (S-SSS). For example, a 127-character M-sequence can be used for the S-PSS, and a 127-character Gold sequence can be used for the S-SSS. For example, the UE can use the S-PSS for initial signal detection and synchronization acquisition. For example, the UE can use the S-PSS and S-SSS for detailed synchronization acquisition and for detecting the synchronization signal ID.

[0098] The Physical Secondary Link Broadcast Channel (PSBCH) can be a (broadcast) channel used to transmit default (system) information that the UE must know before SL signal transmission / reception. For example, the default information could be related to SLSS, duplex mode (DM), Time Division Duplex (TDD) uplink / downlink (UL / DL) configuration, resource pool information, and application types related to SLSS, subframe offset, and broadcast information. For instance, to evaluate PSBCH performance in NR V2X, the PSBCH payload size can be 56 bits, including 24 bits of Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC).

[0099] S-PSS, S-SSS, and PSBCH can be included in a block format that supports periodic transmission (e.g., SL synchronization signal (SS) / PSBCH block, hereinafter, secondary link synchronization signal block (S-SSB)). The S-SSB can have the same parameter set (i.e., SCS and CP lengths) as the Physical Secondary Link Control Channel (PSCCH) / Physical Secondary Link Shared Channel (PSSCH) in the carrier, and the transmission bandwidth can exist within a (pre-)configured secondary link (SL) BWP. For example, the S-SSB can have a bandwidth of 11 resource blocks (SBs). For example, the PSBCH can exist across 11 RBs. Additionally, the frequency location of the S-SSB can be (pre-)configured. Therefore, the UE does not need to perform hypothesis detection at the frequency to discover the S-SSB in the carrier.

[0100] In this disclosure, PSCCH can be replaced by control channel, physical control channel, control channel associated with secondary link, physical control channel associated with secondary link, etc. In this disclosure, PSSCH can be replaced by shared channel, physical shared channel, shared channel associated with secondary link, physical shared channel associated with secondary link, etc.

[0101] Figure 8 The process of a UE performing V2X or SL communication based on a resource allocation mode, according to an embodiment of this disclosure, is illustrated. Figure 8 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0102] Reference Figure 8 In (a) of resource allocation mode 1, the base station can schedule SL resources that will be used by the UE for SL transmission. For example, in step S800, the base station can send information related to SL resources and / or information related to UL resources to the first UE. For example, UL resources may include PUCCH resources and / or PUSCH resources. For example, UL resources may be resources used to report SL HARQ feedback to the base station.

[0103] For example, the first UE can receive information related to Dynamic Grant (DG) resources and / or Configuration Grant (CG) resources from the base station. For example, CG resources may include CG Type 1 resources or CG Type 2 resources. In this disclosure, DG resources can be resources configured / allocated to the first UE by the base station via Downlink Control Information (DCI). In this disclosure, CG resources can be (periodic) resources configured / allocated to the first UE by the base station via DCI and / or RRC messages. For example, in the case of CG Type 1 resources, the base station can send an RRC message including information related to the CG resources to the first UE. For example, in the case of CG Type 2 resources, the base station can send an RRC message including information related to the CG resources to the first UE, and the base station can send a DCI related to the activation or release of the CG resources to the first UE.

[0104] In step S810, the first UE can send the PSCCH (e.g., secondary link control information (SCI) or first-level SCI) to the second UE based on resource scheduling. In step S820, the first UE can send the PSSCH (e.g., second-level SCI, MAC PDU, data, etc.) related to the PSCCH to the second UE. In step S830, the first UE can receive the PSFCH related to the PSCCH / PSSCH from the second UE. For example, it can receive HARQ feedback information (e.g., NACK or ACK information) from the second UE via the PSFCH. In step S840, the first UE can send / report the HARQ feedback information to the base station via PUCCH or PUSCH. For example, the HARQ feedback information reported to the base station can be information generated by the first UE based on the HARQ feedback information received from the second UE. For example, the HARQ feedback information reported to the base station can be information generated by the first UE based on pre-configured rules. For example, the DCI can be a DCI used for SL scheduling.

[0105] Reference Figure 8In (b) of resource allocation mode 2, the UE can determine the SL transmission resource within the SL resources configured by the base station / network or the pre-configured SL resources. For example, the configured SL resources or the pre-configured SL resources can be a resource pool. For example, the UE can autonomously select or schedule resources for SL transmission. For example, the UE can perform SL communication by autonomously selecting resources within the configured resource pool. For example, the UE can autonomously select resources within the selection window by performing a sensing process and a resource (re)selection process. For example, sensing can be performed on a sub-channel basis. For example, in step S810, the first UE, which has selected resources from the resource pool, can send the PSCCH (e.g., Sublink Control Information (SCI) or Level 1 SCI) to the second UE using that resource. In step S820, the first UE can send the PSSCH (e.g., Level 2 SCI, MAC PDU, data, etc.) associated with the PSCCH to the second UE. In step S830, the first UE can receive the PSFCH associated with the PSCCH / PSSCH from the second UE.

[0106] Reference Figure 8 In (a) or (b), for example, the first UE may send an SCI to the second UE via a PSCCH. Alternatively, for example, the first UE may send two consecutive SCIs (e.g., a level 2 SCI) to the second UE via a PSCCH and / or a PSSCH. In this case, the second UE may decode the two consecutive SCIs (e.g., a level 2 SCI) to receive the PSSCH from the first UE. In this disclosure, an SCI sent via a PSCCH may be referred to as the first SCI, first-level SCI, or first-level SCI format, and an SCI sent via a PSSCH may be referred to as the second SCI, second-level SCI, second-level SCI, or second-level SCI format.

[0107] Reference Figure 8 In step (a) or (b), the first UE may receive the PSFCH in step S830. For example, the first UE and the second UE may determine the PSFCH resource, and the second UE may use the PSFCH resource to send HARQ feedback to the first UE.

[0108] Reference Figure 8 In step (a), the first UE can send SL HARQ feedback to the base station via PUCCH and / or PUSCH.

[0109] Furthermore, beam management operations at millimeter-wave frequencies (e.g., beam scheduling, beam selection, beam failure recovery) have been newly introduced in conventional NR Uu (e.g., operations between the base station and the UE). For example, the UE can perform SL FR2 (sublink communication based on sublink millimeter-wave frequencies) operations based on the following operations.

[0110] - Beam scanning operation: This is the operation as follows: According to a predefined scheme, the UE uses transmit and / or receive beams to cover the spatial domain during a certain time interval.

[0111] - Beam measurement operation: This is the following operation: The UE measures the reference signal (RS) sent by the other UE, and searches for RS values ​​that are equal to or greater than a threshold.

[0112] - Beam selection operation: This is the operation as follows: The UE selects the best beam (e.g., receive beam or transmit beam) based on the results of beam measurement.

[0113] - Beam reporting operation: This is the following operation: The UE reports the selected best beam to the other UE or base station.

[0114] Furthermore, according to existing technology, a UE can perform beam selection and beam pairing based on beam-related reference signals (RS) transmitted and received by the other UE, and when a beam failure is detected in the selected beam, the UE can perform beam failure recovery (BFR) to select a new beam. However, in existing technology, the operation of selecting a new beam can only be performed after a beam failure is detected and the beam failure recovery process is completed. Therefore, when a UE performing beam-based communication provides or receives services that require rapid beam (re)selection, the following problems may arise. For example, when a highly mobile unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) performs beam-based communication that focuses its signal in a specific direction, rapid beam (re)selection for data transmission and reception is required. However, if beam (re)selection can only be performed after all the above processes are completed, the connection may not be maintained continuously, and continuous communication services may not be provided. In other words, for example, in highly mobile environments, rapid beam changes are needed to maintain communication efficiently, but if communication is performed by maintaining the existing beam until beam failure is detected, the efficiency and reliability of communication may be reduced.

[0115] In this disclosure, a beam (re)selection operation method and apparatus supporting the thereof are provided below.

[0116] For example, when the UE detects that the failure of the beam used for secondary link (SL) communication has reached a threshold, the UE can trigger an SL beam failure recovery (BFR) procedure and execute a procedure to recover the beam. In this disclosure, the UE's BFR operation when the SL beam failure occurs reaches the threshold can be defined as follows.

[0117] For example, when the SL beam failure rate reaches a threshold, the UE can trigger its BFR operation and execute the BFR procedure. Alternatively, when the UE triggers the BFR procedure, it can start a BFR timer and execute the BFR operation until the BFR timer expires. Or, the BFR timer can be started when the BFR procedure is triggered.

[0118] For example, when BFR is triggered, the UE can start the BFR timer.

[0119] Alternatively, for example, the UE may start a BFR timer when the BFR procedure is triggered and send an SLBFR MAC CE to the other UE (e.g., a MAC CE requesting recovery from beam failure or indicating the start of a recovery procedure from beam failure).

[0120] Alternatively, for example, when the UE receives a BFR MAC CE from the other UE, the UE can also trigger the BFR procedure and start the BFR timer.

[0121] For example, when the UE receives a BFR acknowledgment MAC CE (e.g., a MAC CE confirming receipt of the BFR MAC CE, or a MAC CE indicating the success of the BFR operation) before the BFR timer expires, the UE can determine that the BFR procedure has been successfully completed.

[0122] In this disclosure, the UE can perform BFR operations as follows.

[0123] For example, when a UE detects that a secondary link (SL) beam failure has occurred at or above a threshold, the UE can send a BFR MAC CE to the other UE to initiate the BFR procedure. Alternatively, for example, when the UE receives a BFR acknowledgment MAC CE from a UE that has already received a BFR MAC CE, or receives HARQ feedback, the UE can determine that the BFR procedure has been successful.

[0124] For example, when a UE detects that a secondary link (SL) beam failure has occurred at or above a threshold, the UE can send a BFR MAC CE to the other UE to initiate the BFR procedure. For example, a UE that has received a BFR MAC CE can send an SCI and associated secondary link data (e.g., dummy data may be included and sent if no data is to be sent) or a BFR acknowledgment MAC CE to the UE that sent the BFR MAC CE. For example, a UE that has sent a BFR acknowledgment MAC CE can include the secondary link (SL) HARQ process ID used by the UE that sent the BFR MAC CE for the BFR MAC CE in the SCI associated with the BFR acknowledgment MAC CE or the secondary link data (e.g., data sent to the UE that sent the BFR MAC CE) in the BFR acknowledgment MAC CE or the secondary link data (e.g., data sent to the UE that sent the BFR MAC CE) in the SCI, and can send a BFR acknowledgment MAC CE or secondary link data (e.g., data sent to the UE that sent the BFR MAC CE) to the UE that sent the BFR MAC CE. For example, when a UE that has sent a BFR MAC CE receives from a peer UE an SCI or BFR acknowledgment MAC CE related to secondary link data (e.g., data sent to the UE that sent the BFR MAC CE) including the secondary link (SL) HARQ process ID used by the UE to send the BFR MAC CE, the UE can determine that the BFR procedure has been successful. Alternatively, for example, when a UE that has received a BFR MAC CE sends a BFR acknowledgment MAC CE or an SCI related to secondary link data (e.g., data sent to the UE that sent the BFR MAC CE) to a peer UE (the UE that sent the BFR MAC CE), including the secondary link (SL) HARQ process ID used by the peer UE to send the BFR MAC CE, the BFR procedure can determine that the BFR procedure has been successful.

[0125] For example, when a UE triggers an SL BFR procedure, it can send an SL BFR MAC CE to another UE. In this case, for example, a secondary link resource pool for sending the SL BFR MAC CE can be defined independently. That is, for example, when a UE triggers an SL BFR procedure, the UE can use a dedicated SL resource pool for sending the SL BFR MAC CE to create a secondary link license, and can use the created secondary link license to send the SL BFR MAC CE. For example, when a UE that has sent an SL BFR MAC CE receives HARQ feedback (e.g., ACK) for the sent SL BFR MAC CE, the UE can determine that the BFR has been successful. Additionally, for example, when sending an SL BFR MAC CE, the UE can send it with the HARQ feedback option configured to disable HARQ feedback. Furthermore, for example, by pre-configuring specific directional transmit / receive beams associated with a dedicated SL resource pool or dedicated SL resource block (RB) set used for SL BFR MAC CE transmission, the UE can select specific directional beams for SL BFR MAC CE transmission or reception.

[0126] For example, BFR triggering can be performed independently between UEs. For instance, a UE can trigger BFR independently for purposes such as transmit / receive beam realignment from UE A to UE B or from UE B to UE A. Additionally, for example, when BFR is triggered at a specific UE, the peer UE can also trigger its transmit / receive beam scan operation (based on the received BFR MAC CE).

[0127] For example, the UE can trigger SL BFR at regular intervals as shown in the following example.

[0128] For example, when the UE detects that the secondary link (SL) beam failure has reached a threshold, the UE can directly trigger the SL BFR.

[0129] For example, when a UE receives a BFR trigger request from another UE via SCI or MAC CE, the UE can trigger an SL BFR.

[0130] In this disclosure, various implementations based on beam failure recovery (BFR) operation are proposed, as described below.

[0131] Figure 9 Beam Failure Recovery (BFR) operation based on an embodiment of this disclosure is illustrated. Figure 9 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0132] Reference Figure 9For example, UE 1 can be a UE that presents a beam to another UE (or transmits a reference signal (RS) so that the other UE can select the optimal beam). For example, UE 2 can be a UE that receives a reference signal (RS) from a UE that presents a beam (or transmits a reference signal (RS) so that the other UE can select the optimal beam).

[0133] For example, UE 1 can send an SL CSI-RS resource set (e.g., information indicating which resources are used for SL CSI-RS transmission) to UE 2. For example, UE 1 can send an SLCSI-RS for beam management (e.g., beam scanning and beam pairing) to UE 2. For example, UE 2 can monitor the SL CSI-RS sent by UE 1 and can select receive and transmit beams based on the received SL CSI-RS (e.g., based on RSRP measurements of the received SL CSI-RS) (e.g., beams for RSs with good RSRP values, where the measured RSRP value is greater than or equal to a threshold). For example, when an SL beam failure greater than or equal to a threshold occurs for the selected receive or transmit beam, UE 2 can trigger an SL BFR and send a BFR MAC CE to UE 1. For example, the BFR MAC CE sent by UE 2 may include an index related to the beam that has failed (e.g., an index of the SL CSI-RS associated with the beam that has failed, or a resource index for the SL CSI-RS associated with the beam that has failed), and may also include RSRP measurements for the index related to the beam that has failed (e.g., an index of the SL CSI-RS associated with the beam that has failed, or a resource index for the SL CSI-RS associated with the beam that has failed). For example, when receiving a BFR MAC CE from UE 2, UE 1 may send a new SL CSI-RS for Beam Failure Recovery (BFR) (e.g., an RS using new SL CSI-RS resources), and may send a BFR acknowledgment MAC CE to UE 2 before or after the SL CSI-RS transmission (e.g., a MAC CE to acknowledge receipt of the BFR MAC CE, or a MAC CE to indicate the success of the BFR operation). (Alternatively, UE 1 may send HARQ feedback (ACK or NACK) instead of sending a BFR acknowledgment MAC CE). For example, when sending / receiving a BFR acknowledgment MAC CE (or when sending / receiving HARQ feedback for the BFR MAC CE), UE 1 / UE 2 may determine that the BFR procedure was successful. Alternatively, for example, when receiving a report message from UE 2 indicating a new optimal receive or transmit beam based on a new SL CSI-RS transmission, UE 1 may determine that the BFR was successful. Alternatively, for example, when UE 2 selects a new optimal receive or transmit beam based on the new SL CSI-RS and reports it to UE 1, UE 2 can determine that BFR is successful.

[0134] Figure 10 Beam Failure Recovery (BFR) operation based on an embodiment of this disclosure is illustrated. Figure 10 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0135] Reference Figure 10 For example, UE 1 can be a UE receiving secondary link data from UE 2. For instance, UE 2 can report RSRP measurement reports for the transmitted beam to UE 1 (e.g., transmitted beam index, SL CSI-RS index associated with the transmitted beam, resource index for the SL CSI-RS associated with the transmitted beam, or RSRP measurement value for the transmitted beam index, SL CSI-RS index associated with the transmitted beam, or resource index for the SL CSI-RS associated with the transmitted beam). For example, when UE 1 receives a report that the RSRP for the transmitted beam of UE 2 has fallen below a threshold based on the measurement report reported by UE 2, UE 1 can trigger a BFR procedure and send a BFR MAC CE (or an SCI to trigger a request for RS transmission) to UE 2. For example, when UE 2 receives a BFR MAC CE from UE 1, UE 2 can send an SL CSI-RS for BFR and can send a BFR acknowledgment MAC CE to UE 1 before or after the SL CSI-RS transmission (e.g., a MAC CE to acknowledge receipt of the BFR MAC CE or a MAC CE to indicate the success of the BFR operation). (Alternatively, UE 2 can send HARQ feedback (ACK or NACK) instead of sending a BFR acknowledgment MAC CE). For example, when sending / receiving a BFR acknowledgment MAC CE (or sending / receiving HARQ feedback for the BFR MAC CE), UE 1 / UE 2 can determine that the BFR procedure was successful. Alternatively, for example, when UE 1 reports to UE 2 the optimal transmit / receive beam of UE 2 based on the reception of the new SL CSI-RS, or when UE 2 can consider selecting the optimal RS resource for the optimal beam, UE 1 can determine that the BFR was successful. Alternatively, for example, when UE 2 receives a report message from UE 1 that includes the best transmit / receive beam or the best RS resource that UE 2 can consider selecting the best beam, UE 2 can determine that BFR is successful.

[0136] For example, when UE1 receives a report from UE2 that the RSRP of the transmit beam for UE2 has fallen below a threshold based on a measurement report reported by UE2, UE1 can trigger a BFR procedure and send a BFR MAC CE (or an SCI to trigger a request for RS transmission) to UE2. UE1 can also send SL CSI-RS resource set information and SL CSI-RS to UE2 using the transmitted SL CSI-RS resources, allowing UE2 to select a new transmit or receive beam. For example, UE2 can select the optimal transmit or receive beam based on the RS transmitted by UE1.

[0137] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the UE can perform a beam reselection operation based on whether pre-configured rules / conditions are met before the conditions for triggering a beam failure-related event (e.g., beam failure detection (BFD) or beam failure recovery (BFR)) are met.

[0138] For example, (for a secondary link unicast link or session) the UE can perform a beam reselection operation for a beam that has already experienced a BFD before the BFR is triggered.

[0139] For example, before BFD occurs for a specific beam, the UE can perform a beam reselection procedure if pre-configured conditions are met (e.g., condition 1: if the L1 RSRP measurement for the (in use) beam RS or beam RS resource is less than or equal to a pre-configured threshold, and condition 2: if a discontinuous transmission (DTX) event (e.g., failure to receive feedback for PSCCH / PSSCH transmission) occurs on the (in use) specific beam and is greater than or equal to a pre-configured threshold).

[0140] Figure 11 A beam reselection operation based on an embodiment of this disclosure is illustrated. Figure 11 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0141] Reference Figure 11In step S1110, UE A can select a first beam. For example, UE A can obtain information related to at least one beam based on at least one reference signal (RS) received from UE B, and can select the first beam from the at least one beam. Alternatively, for example, UE A can obtain information related to at least one beam based on at least one RS received from UE B, and can consider the at least one beam as a candidate beam for (re)selection. In step S1120, UE A can perform transmission to UE B based on the first beam selected in step S1110. For example, UE A can perform beam pairing with UE B based on the first beam, and UE B can perform reception based on the beam paired with the first beam. Furthermore, for example, when UE A and / or UE B are mobile, because beams are directional, even if the first beam is the optimal beam when UE A selects the first beam and performs beam pairing with UE B based on the first beam, the first beam may no longer be the optimal beam when UE A performs transmission based on the first beam. In this scenario, for example, even if UE A performs a transmission based on the first beam, UE B may fail to perform reception based on the beam paired with the first beam. In step S1130, UE A may fail to receive feedback for a transmission performed based on the first beam as described above (e.g., when UE A performs a transmission based on the first beam but UE B fails to receive the transmission). For example, the feedback may be a Physical Secondary Link Feedback Channel (PSFCH) associated with a Physical Secondary Link Shared Channel (PSSCH) transmitted based on the first beam. Alternatively, for example, the feedback may be a response indicating that a transmission based on the first beam has been successfully received (e.g., MAC CE). In step S1140, UE A can exclude the first beam from at least one beam (or candidate beam) obtained in step S1110 above. For example, when UE A fails to receive feedback for a transmission based on the first beam in step S1120 above, UE A can increment the Discontinuous Transmission (DTX) count by 1. For example, when the DTX count reaches a threshold, UE A can exclude the first beam from at least one beam (or candidate beam). Furthermore, in Figure 11In the implementation, for ease of description, the case of feedback reception failure associated with a beam (first beam) initially selected by UE A is exemplified as excluding the beam from the candidate beams. However, when UE A initially selects one or more beams (first beams), UE A can exclude these beams from the candidate beams. In step S1150, UE A can select a second beam from at least one beam (or candidate beam) that excluded the first beam. For example, the second beam of UE A can be selected before performing beam failure detection (BFD) or beam failure recovery (BFR) operations associated with the first beam. That is, according to the prior art, starting from the selection of the first beam in the physical (PHY) layer of UE A, the PHY layer can perform operations related to the detection of beam failure associated with the first beam. Then, when the PHY layer of UE A detects a beam failure associated with the first beam, the PHY layer can transmit a beam failure instance (BFI) to the media access control (MAC) layer, and when the number of transmitted BFIs reaches a threshold, the MAC layer can determine that the first beam has failed. Then, based on the determination of beam failure for the selected first beam, a BFR operation for selecting a new beam can be triggered. However, according to embodiments of this disclosure, even when the PHY layer of UE A performs a beam failure detection operation related to the selected first beam, a second beam excluding the first beam can be (re)selected from the candidate beams before determining a beam failure for the first beam. Alternatively, for example, even when the MAC layer of UE A determines a beam failure for the first beam, a second beam excluding the first beam can be (re)selected from the candidate beams before triggering BFR. For example, a counter related to beam failure and a counter related to discontinuous transmission (DTX) can be configured as separate counters for UE A. For example, the threshold of the counter related to DTX can be configured to be a value lower than the threshold of the counter related to beam failure, such that a DTX-based beam (re)selection operation can be performed before performing the operation related to beam failure.

[0142] In embodiments of this disclosure, beam management operations can be interpreted as being replaced by beam selection operations, spatial filter selection operations, beam pairing operations, spatial filter pairing operations, beam failure recovery operations, spatial filter recovery operations, beam scanning operations, spatial filter scanning operations, beam switching operations, spatial filter switching operations, reference signal (RS) resource measurement operations, reference signal (RS) resource measurement reporting operations, beam reporting operations, or spatial filter reporting operations, etc.

[0143] In embodiments of this disclosure, the beam can be interpreted as being replaced by RS, RS resources, or spatial filter resources.

[0144] In embodiments of this disclosure, RS can be interpreted as being replaced by RS resources or spatial filter resources.

[0145] In embodiments of this disclosure, the transmitting UE can be interpreted as being replaced by a transmitting beam UE, a transmitting reference signal (RS) UE, or a transmitting reference signal (RS) resource UE.

[0146] In embodiments of this disclosure, the receiving UE can be interpreted as being replaced by a receiving beam UE, a receiving reference signal (RS) UE, or a receiving reference signal (RS) resource UE.

[0147] In embodiments of this disclosure, the transmit beam or receive beam information sent or received by the UE can be interpreted as being replaced by resource information of the reference signal (RS) associated with the transmit beam or the reference signal (RS) associated with the receive beam.

[0148] In embodiments of this disclosure, Direct Communication Request (DCR) and / or Direct Communication Accept (DCA) messages can be interpreted as being replaced by PC5-S DCR and / or PC5-S DCA messages, etc.

[0149] In embodiments of this disclosure, spatial setup and / or transmission configuration indication (TCI) information and / or quasi-co-location (QCL) information and / or beams may be referenced to each other and may be interpreted as being replaced by beam-related information, beam direction or spatial domain transmit / receive filters.

[0150] In embodiments of this disclosure, a beam can be interpreted as being replaced by a transmit beam, a receive beam, a spatial filter, a spatial transmit (TX) filter, a spatial domain transmit (TX) filter, a spatial receive (RX) filter, or a spatial domain receive (RX) filter.

[0151] In embodiments of this disclosure, the transmit beam can be interpreted as being replaced by a spatial transmit (TX) filter or a spatial domain transmit (TX) filter.

[0152] In embodiments of this disclosure, the receiving beam can be interpreted as being replaced by a spatial receiving (RX) filter or a spatial domain receiving (RX) filter.

[0153] In embodiments of this disclosure, identical spatial configuration information (or beam information) for transmission can mean that the UE's spatial domain transmission (TX) filter is identical for two different transmitted signals. In embodiments of this disclosure, identical spatial configuration information (or beam information) for reception can mean that two different received signals can have a QCL type D relationship and / or a relationship using the same spatial reception (RX) parameters.

[0154] In embodiments of this disclosure, although the proposal is described as an example of a reference signal (RS) for beam management based on SL CSI-RS, the operations proposed in this disclosure can be equivalently extended and applied to cases where reference signals (RS) other than SL CSI-RS (e.g., SL SSB) are used for beam management.

[0155] In embodiments of this disclosure, spatial setup and / or transmission configuration indication (TCI) information and / or quasi-co-location (QCL) information and / or beams may be referenced to each other and may be interpreted as being replaced by beam-related information, beam direction or spatial domain transmit / receive filters.

[0156] In embodiments of this disclosure, identical spatial configuration information (or beam information) for transmission can mean that the UE's spatial domain transmission (TX) filter is identical for two different transmitted signals. In embodiments of this disclosure, identical spatial configuration information (or beam information) for reception can mean that two different received signals can have a QCL type D relationship and / or a relationship using the same spatial reception (RX) parameters.

[0157] For example, the application of methods / rules and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) proposed in this disclosure can be configured (differently or independently) for each SL-Channel Access Priority Category (CAPC). For example, the application of methods / rules and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) proposed in this disclosure can be configured (differently or independently) for each SL-LBT type (e.g., Type 1 LBT, Type 2A LBT, Type 2B LBT, Type 2C LBT). For example, depending on whether frame-based LBT is applied, the application of methods / rules and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) proposed in this disclosure can be specifically (or differently or independently) configured. For example, depending on whether load-based LBT is applied, the application of methods / rules and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) proposed in this disclosure can be specifically (or differently or independently) configured.

[0158] For example, the application of methods / rules and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) proposed in this disclosure can be configured for each resource pool (differently or independently). For example, the application of methods / rules and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) proposed in this disclosure can be configured for each congestion level (differently or independently). For example, the application of methods / rules and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) proposed in this disclosure can be configured for each service priority (differently or independently). For example, the application of methods / rules and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) proposed in this disclosure can be configured for each service type (differently or independently). For example, the application of methods / rules and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) proposed in this disclosure can be configured for each QoS requirement (e.g., latency, reliability) (differently or independently). For example, the application of methods / rules and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) proposed in this disclosure can be configured for each PQI (5G QoS identifier (5QI) for PC5) (differently or independently). For example, the application of methods / rules and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) proposed in this disclosure can be configured (differently or independently) for each service type (e.g., periodically generated or non-periodically generated). For example, the application of methods / rules and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) proposed in this disclosure can be configured (differently or independently) for each SL transport resource allocation mode (e.g., mode 1 or mode 2). For example, the application of methods / rules and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) proposed in this disclosure can be configured (differently or independently) for each Tx profile (e.g., a Tx profile indicating that the service supports secondary link DRX operation or a Tx profile indicating that the service does not need to support secondary link DRX operation).

[0159] For example, depending on whether the Uu bandwidth portion is activated / deactivated, the rules and / or related parameter configuration values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be configured (differently or independently) for application. For example, depending on whether the secondary link bandwidth portion is activated or deactivated, the rules and / or related parameter configuration values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be configured (differently or independently) for application. For example, the rules and / or related parameter configuration values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be configured (differently or independently) for each secondary link logical channel / logical channel group (or Uu logical channel or Uu logical channel group). For example, the rules and / or related parameter configuration values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be configured (differently or independently) for application of initial transmission resource selection. For example, the rules and / or related parameter configuration values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be configured (differently or independently) for application of retransmission resource selection. For example, depending on whether PUCCH configuration is supported (e.g., with or without PUCCH resources configured), the rules and / or related parameter configuration values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be configured (differently or independently) for application. For example, the application of the rules and / or related parameter configuration values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be configured for each resource pool (e.g., a resource pool with or without a PSFCH) (differently or independently). For example, the application of the rules and / or related parameter configuration values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be configured for each service / packet type (differently or independently). For example, the application of the rules and / or related parameter configuration values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be configured for each service / packet priority (differently or independently). For example, the application of the rules and / or related parameter configuration values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be configured for each QoS requirement (e.g., URLLC / EMBB service, reliability, latency) (differently or independently). For example, the application of the rules and / or related parameter configuration values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be configured for each PQI (differently or independently). For example, the application of the rules and / or related parameter configuration values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be configured for each PFI (differently or independently). For example, the rules and / or related parameter configuration values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be configured (differently or independently) for each broadcast type (e.g., unicast, multicast, broadcast). For example, the rules and / or related parameter configuration values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be configured (differently or independently) for each (resource pool) congestion level (e.g., CBR). For example, the rules and / or related parameter configuration values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be configured (differently or independently) for each SL HARQ feedback option (e.g., NACK feedback only, ACK / NACK feedback). For example, the rules and / or related parameter configuration values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be specifically (or differently or independently) configured for MAC PDU transmissions with HARQ feedback enabled.For example, the rules and / or related parameter configuration values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be specifically (or differently or independently) configured for MAC PDU transmissions with HARQ feedback disabled. For example, the rules and / or related parameter configuration values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be specifically (or differently or independently) configured based on whether PUCCH-based SL HARQ feedback reporting operations are configured. For example, the rules and / or related parameter configuration values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be specifically (or differently or independently) configured for preemption or based on whether preemption-based resource reselection is performed. For example, the rules and / or related parameter configuration values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be specifically (or differently or independently) configured for re-evaluation or based on whether re-evaluation-based resource reselection is performed. For example, the rules and / or related parameter configuration values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be specifically (or differently or independently) configured for each (L2 or L1) (source and / or destination) identifier. For example, the rules and / or related parameter configuration values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be configured (differently or independently) for each (L2 or L1) (combination of source ID and destination ID) identifier. For example, the rules and / or related parameter configuration values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be configured (differently or independently) for each (L2 or L1) (combination of a pair of source IDs and destination IDs and broadcast type) identifier. For example, the rules and / or related parameter configuration values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be configured (differently or independently) for each direction in a pair of source layer IDs and destination layer IDs. For example, the rules and / or related parameter configuration values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be configured (differently or independently) for each PC5 RRC connection / link. For example, the rules and / or related parameter configuration values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be specifically configured (or differently or independently) for whether SL DRX is performed. For example, the rules and / or related parameter configuration values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be specifically configured (or differently or independently) for whether SLDRX is supported. For example, the rules and / or related parameter configuration values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be configured (differently or independently) for each SL mode type (e.g., resource allocation mode 1 or resource allocation mode 2). For example, the rules and / or related parameter configuration values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be configured (specifically or differently or independently) for cases involving (non-)periodic resource reservation. For example, the rules and / or related parameter configuration values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be configured (specifically or differently or independently) for each Tx profile (e.g., a Tx profile indicating that the service supports secondary link DRX operation or a Tx profile indicating that the service does not need to support secondary link DRX operation).

[0160] The proposals and whether to apply the rules (and / or relevant parameter configuration values) put forward in this disclosure can also be applied to millimeter-wave SL operations.

[0161] According to various embodiments of this disclosure, the UE can (re)select a new beam before performing a beam failure recovery (BFR) procedure. Specifically, if a problem occurs when performing communication related to an existing beam based on information about candidate beams obtained by the UE when selecting an existing beam, a beam can be (re)selected from the remaining beams excluded from the candidate beams. In this case, for example, when a highly mobile unmanned aerial vehicle (such as a drone or UAV) performs beam-based communication that focuses a signal in a specific direction, beam (re)selection can be performed quickly, allowing the connection to be maintained continuously and providing continuous communication services. Alternatively, for example, due to the rapid beam change before performing the BFR procedure, communication can be maintained efficiently even in high-mobility environments, and communication reliability can be improved. Alternatively, for example, by (re)selecting a beam while skipping the beam failure recovery (BFR) procedure, resources do not need to be allocated for the beam RS transmitted and received during the BFR procedure, thereby achieving efficient use of resources.

[0162] Figure 12 A method for performing wireless communication based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 12 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0163] Reference Figure 12 In step S1210, the first device can obtain configuration information associated with at least one beam. In step S1220, the first device can select a first beam from the at least one beam. In step S1230, the first device can select a second beam from the at least one beam, excluding the first beam. In step S1240, the first device can perform communication based on the second beam. For example, the second beam can be selected by excluding the first beam based on discontinuous transmission (DTX) associated with the first beam.

[0164] For example, the second beam can be selected by excluding the first beam based on the count of DTX associated with the first beam reaching a threshold.

[0165] For example, the second beam can be selected by excluding the first beam based on the absence of feedback related to at least one of the physical control channel or physical shared channel transmitted based on the first beam.

[0166] For example, the second beam could be selected before a beam failure associated with the first beam is detected.

[0167] For example, the second beam may be selected by excluding the first beam based on a reference signal received power (RSRP) value associated with the first beam being less than or equal to a threshold. For example, the RSRP value associated with the first beam may be an RSRP value associated with at least one of the following: a reference signal (RS) associated with the first beam or resources for the RS associated with the first beam. For example, the RS may be at least one of Channel State Information (CSI) - RS or Synchronization Signal Block (SSB).

[0168] For example, based on the detection of a beam failure associated with the first beam, a second beam can be selected by excluding the first beam, and based on the selection of the second beam, beam failure recovery (BFR) associated with the first beam can be prevented. For example, the detection of a beam failure associated with the first beam can be based on the beam failure count reaching a threshold.

[0169] For example, the second beam can be selected by excluding the first beam after (i) a beam failure associated with the first beam is detected and (ii) before triggering a BFR based on the beam failure.

[0170] For example, the first beam and the second beam may be associated with at least one of the following: (i) a unicast link between the first device and the second device, or (ii) a unicast session between the first device and the second device.

[0171] For example, information for selecting a second beam-related beam by excluding the first beam can be pre-configured to the first device before at least one of (i) a beam failure associated with the first beam is detected, or (ii) a BFR associated with the first beam is triggered.

[0172] For example, control information, including information related to enabling Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) feedback, can be transmitted via at least one of a physical control channel or a physical shared channel.

[0173] The proposed method can be applied to apparatuses according to various embodiments of this disclosure. First, the processor 102 of the first apparatus 100 can control the transceiver 106 to obtain configuration information associated with at least one beam. Furthermore, the processor 102 of the first apparatus 100 can select a first beam from the at least one beam. Furthermore, the processor 102 of the first apparatus 100 can select a second beam from the at least one beam, excluding the first beam. Furthermore, the processor 102 of the first apparatus 100 can perform communication based on the second beam. For example, the second beam can be selected by excluding the first beam based on discontinuous transmission (DTX) associated with the first beam.

[0174] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, a first device configured to perform wireless communication is provided. The first device may include: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, based on execution by the at least one processor, cause the first device to perform operations including: obtaining configuration information associated with at least one beam; selecting a first beam among the at least one beam; selecting a second beam among the at least one beam that excludes the first beam; and performing communication based on the second beam. For example, the second beam may be selected by excluding the first beam based on discontinuous transmission (DTX) associated with the first beam.

[0175] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, a processing apparatus configured to control a first device is provided. The processing apparatus may include: at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, based on execution by the at least one processor, cause the first device to perform operations including: obtaining configuration information associated with at least one beam; selecting a first beam among the at least one beam; selecting a second beam among the at least one beam that excludes the first beam; and performing communication based on the second beam. For example, the second beam may be selected by excluding the first beam based on discontinuous transmission (DTX) associated with the first beam.

[0176] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium for recording instructions is provided. For example, the instructions, upon execution, cause a first device to perform operations including: obtaining configuration information associated with at least one beam; selecting a first beam among the at least one beam; selecting a second beam among the at least one beam that excludes the first beam; and performing communication based on the second beam. For example, the second beam may be selected by excluding the first beam based on discontinuous transmission (DTX) associated with the first beam.

[0177] Figure 13 A method for performing wireless communication using a second apparatus based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 13 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0178] Reference Figure 13In step 1310, the second device can obtain configuration information associated with at least one beam. In step 1320, the second device can perform beam pairing associated with a first beam among the at least one beam. In step 1330, the second device can perform beam pairing associated with a second beam among the at least one beam that excludes the first beam. In step 1340, the second device can perform communication based on the beam paired with the second beam. For example, the second beam can be selected by excluding the first beam based on discontinuous transmission (DTX) associated with the first beam.

[0179] The proposed method can be applied to apparatuses according to various embodiments of this disclosure. First, the processor 202 of the second apparatus 200 can control the transceiver 206 to obtain configuration information associated with at least one beam. Furthermore, the processor 202 of the second apparatus 200 can perform beam pairing associated with a first beam among the at least one beam. Also, the processor 202 of the second apparatus 200 can perform beam pairing associated with a second beam among the at least one beam that excludes the first beam. Furthermore, the processor 202 of the second apparatus 200 can perform communication based on the beam paired with the second beam. For example, the second beam may be selected by excluding the first beam based on discontinuous transmission (DTX) associated with the first beam.

[0180] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, a second device configured to perform wireless communication is provided. The second device may include: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, based on execution by the at least one processor, cause the second device to perform operations including: obtaining configuration information associated with at least one beam; performing beam pairing associated with a first beam among the at least one beam; performing beam pairing associated with a second beam among the at least one beam that excludes the first beam; and performing communication based on the beam paired with the second beam. For example, the second beam may be selected by excluding the first beam based on discontinuous transmission (DTX) associated with the first beam.

[0181] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, a processing apparatus configured to control a second device is provided. The processing apparatus may include: at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, based on execution by the at least one processor, cause the second device to perform operations including: obtaining configuration information associated with at least one beam; performing beam pairing associated with a first beam among the at least one beam; performing beam pairing associated with a second beam among the at least one beam that excludes the first beam; and performing communication based on the beam paired with the second beam. For example, the second beam may be selected by excluding the first beam based on discontinuous transmission (DTX) associated with the first beam.

[0182] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium for recording instructions is provided. For example, the instructions, upon execution, cause a second device to perform operations including: obtaining configuration information associated with at least one beam; performing beam pairing associated with a first beam among the at least one beam; performing beam pairing associated with a second beam among the at least one beam that excludes the first beam; and performing communication based on the beam paired with the second beam. For example, the second beam may be selected by excluding the first beam based on discontinuous transmission (DTX) associated with the first beam.

[0183] The various embodiments disclosed herein can be combined with each other.

[0184] The following will describe devices to which various embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0185] The various descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods and / or operating procedures described in this document can be applied to, but are not limited to, various fields requiring wireless communication / connectivity between devices (e.g., 5G).

[0186] The following description will be given in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following drawings / description, unless otherwise described, the same reference numerals may denote the same or corresponding hardware blocks, software blocks, or functional blocks.

[0187] Figure 14 A communication system 1 based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 14 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0188] Reference Figure 14The communication system 1, which applies various embodiments of this disclosure, includes wireless devices, base stations (BS), and networks. Herein, a wireless device refers to a device that performs communication using a radio access technology (RAT) (e.g., 5G New RAT (NR) or Long Term Evolution (LTE)) and may be referred to as a communication / radio / 5G device. Wireless devices may include, but are not limited to, robots 100a, vehicles (100b-1 and 100b-2), extended reality (XR) devices (100c), handheld devices 100d, home appliances 100e, Internet of Things (IoT) devices 100f, and artificial intelligence (AI) devices / servers 400. For example, a vehicle may include a vehicle with wireless communication capabilities, an autonomous vehicle, and a vehicle capable of performing vehicle-to-vehicle communication. Herein, a vehicle may include unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) (e.g., drones) and / or aircraft (AVs) (e.g., advanced air mobility (AAM)). XR devices can include augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) / mixed reality (MR) devices and can take the form of head-up displays (HMDs), head-up displays (HUDs) installed in vehicles, televisions, smartphones, computers, wearable devices, home appliances, digital signage, vehicles, robots, etc. Handheld devices can include smartphones, smart tablets, wearable devices (e.g., smartwatches or smart glasses) and computers (e.g., laptops). Home appliances can include TVs, refrigerators, and washing machines. IoT devices can include sensors and smart meters. For example, the BS and network can be implemented as wireless devices, and a particular wireless device (200a) can operate as a BS / network node relative to other wireless devices.

[0189] In addition to LTE, NR, and 6G, the wireless communication technologies implemented in the wireless devices 100a to 100f of this disclosure may also include narrowband Internet of Things (IoT) for low-power communication. In this case, for example, NB-IoT technology may be an example of low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) technology and may be implemented as a standard such as LTE Cat NB1 and / or LTE Cat NB2, and is not limited to the aforementioned names. Alternatively or additionally, the wireless communication technologies implemented in the wireless devices 100a to 100f of this disclosure may perform communication based on LTE-M technology. In this case, as an example, LTE-M technology may be an example of LPWAN and may be referred to by various names including enhanced machine-type communication (eMTC). For example, LTE-M technology may be implemented as at least one of various standards such as 1) LTE Cat 0, 2) LTE Cat M1, 3) LTE Cat M2, 4) LTE non-bandwidth limited (non-BL), 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTE machine-type communication, and / or 7) LTE M, and is not limited to the aforementioned names. Alternatively or additionally, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices 100a to 100f of this disclosure may include at least one of Bluetooth, Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN), and ZigBee for low power communication, and is not limited to the names mentioned above. As an example, ZigBee technology may generate personal area networks (PANs) related to low / low power digital communication based on various standards including IEEE 802.15.4, and may be referred to by various names.

[0190] Wireless devices 100a to 100f can connect to network 300 via BS 200. AI technology can be applied to wireless devices 100a to 100f, and wireless devices 100a to 100f can connect to AI server 400 via network 300. Network 300 can be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, or a 5G (e.g., NR) network. Although wireless devices 100a to 100f can communicate with each other via BS 200 / network 300, wireless devices 100a to 100f can perform direct communication with each other (e.g., secondary link communication) without going through the BS / network. For example, vehicles 100b-1 and 100b-2 can perform direct communication (e.g., vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) / vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication). IoT devices (e.g., sensors) can perform direct communication with other IoT devices (e.g., sensors) or other wireless devices 100a to 100f.

[0191] Wireless communication / connections 150a, 150b, or 150c can be established between wireless devices 100a to 100f / BS 200 or BS200 / BS 200. Here, the wireless communication / connection can be established via various RATs (e.g., 5G NR) such as uplink / downlink communication 150a, secondary link communication 150b (or D2D communication), or inter-BS communication (e.g., relay, access backhaul integration (IAB)). The wireless devices and BS / wireless devices can transmit / receive radio signals to / from each other via wireless communication / connections 150a and 150b. For example, wireless communication / connections 150a and 150b can transmit / receive signals via various physical channels. For this purpose, at least a portion of various configuration information configuration processes, various signal processing processes (e.g., channel coding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, and resource mapping / demapping), and resource allocation processes for transmitting / receiving radio signals can be performed based on various proposals of this disclosure.

[0192] Figure 15 A wireless device based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 15 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0193] Reference Figure 15 The first wireless device 100 and the second wireless device 200 can transmit radio signals via various RATs (e.g., LTE and NR). In this document, {first wireless device 100 and second wireless device 200} can correspond to... Figure 14 The {Wireless Device 100x and BS 200} and / or {Wireless Device 100x and Wireless Device 100x}.

[0194] The first wireless device 100 may include one or more processors 102 and one or more memories 104, and may additionally include one or more transceivers 106 and / or one or more antennas (antenna elements) 108. The processors 102 may control the memories 104 and / or the transceivers 106, and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed herein. For example, the processors 102 may process information in the memories 104 to generate a first information / signal, and then transmit a radio signal including the first information / signal via the transceivers 106. The processors 102 may receive a radio signal including a second information / signal via the transceivers 106, and then store the information obtained by processing the second information / signal in the memories 104. The memories 104 may be connected to the processors 102 and may store various information related to the operation of the processors 102. For example, one or more memories 104 may store software code including commands for performing part or all of the processing controlled by one or more processors 102, or for performing the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed herein. Here, one or more processors 102 and one or more memories 104 may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). One or more transceivers 106 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and transmit and / or receive radio signals via one or more antennas 108. Each transceiver 106 may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. One or more transceivers 106 may be used interchangeably with one or more radio frequency (RF) units. In this disclosure, a wireless device may represent a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0195] The second wireless device 200 may include one or more processors 202 and one or more memories 204, and may additionally include one or more transceivers 206 and / or one or more antennas 208. The processors 202 may control the memories 204 and / or the transceivers 206, and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed herein. For example, the processors 202 may process information in the memories 204 to generate a third message / signal, and subsequently transmit a radio signal including the third message / signal via the transceivers 206. The processors 202 may receive a radio signal including a fourth message / signal via the transceivers 106, and then store the information obtained by processing the fourth message / signal in the memories 204. The memories 204 may be connected to the processors 202 and may store various information related to the operation of the processors 202. For example, one or more memories 204 may store software code including commands for performing part or all of the processing controlled by one or more processors 202, or for performing the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed in this document. Here, one or more processors 202 and one or more memories 204 may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). One or more transceivers 206 may be connected to one or more processors 202 and transmit and / or receive radio signals via one or more antennas 208. Each transceiver 206 may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. One or more transceivers 206 may be used interchangeably with one or more RF units. In this disclosure, a wireless device may represent a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0196] The hardware elements of wireless devices 100 and 200 will now be described in more detail. One or more protocol layers may be implemented, but are not limited to, by one or more processors 102 and 202. For example, one or more processors 102 and 202 may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, and SDAP). One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate one or more Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and / or one or more Service Data Units (SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed in this document. One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed in this document. One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate signals (e.g., baseband signals) including PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed in this document, and provide the generated signals to one or more transceivers 106 and 206. One or more processors 102 and 202 may receive signals (e.g., baseband signals) from one or more transceivers 106 and 206 and acquire PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data, or information in accordance with the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed in this document.

[0197] One or more processors 102 and 202 may be referred to as controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or microcomputers. One or more processors 102 and 202 may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), one or more digital signal processors (DSPs), one or more digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), one or more programmable logic devices (PLDs), or one or more field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) may be included in one or more processors 102 and 202. The descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software, and such firmware or software may be configured to include modules, processes, or functions. Firmware or software configured to perform the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed in this document may be included in one or more processors 102 and 202 or stored in one or more memories 104 and 204, thereby being driven by one or more processors 102 and 202. The descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed in this document may be implemented using software or firmware in the form of code, commands, and / or command sets.

[0198] One or more memories 104 and 204 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202, and may store various types of data, signals, messages, information, programs, code, instructions, and / or commands. One or more memories 104 and 204 may be composed of read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), flash memory, hard drives, registers, cache memory, computer-readable storage media, and / or combinations thereof. One or more memories 104 and 204 may be located internally and / or externally to one or more processors 102 and 202. One or more memories 104 and 204 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202 via various technologies such as wired or wireless connections.

[0199] One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may transmit user data, control information, and / or radio signals / channels mentioned in the methods and / or operating procedures of this document to one or more other devices. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may receive user data, control information, and / or radio signals / channels mentioned in the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operating procedures disclosed in this document from one or more other devices. For example, one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202 and may transmit and receive radio signals. For example, one or more processors 102 and 202 may perform control such that one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may transmit user data, control information, or radio signals to one or more other devices. One or more processors 102 and 202 may perform control such that one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may receive user data, control information, or radio signals from one or more other devices. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be connected to one or more antennas 108 and 208, and one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, and / or radio signals / channels mentioned in the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational procedures disclosed in this document through one or more antennas 108 and 208. In this document, one or more antennas may be multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may convert received radio signals / channels, etc., from RF band signals to baseband signals for processing using one or more processors 102 and 202. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may convert the processed user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc., from baseband signals to RF band signals. For this purpose, one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may include (analog) oscillators and / or filters.

[0200] Figure 16 A signal processing circuit for transmitting signals based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 16 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0201] Reference Figure 16 The signal processing circuit 1000 may include a scrambler 1010, a modulator 1020, a layer mapper 1030, a pre-encoder 1040, a resource mapper 1050, and a signal generator 1060. It can perform... Figure 16 The operation / functions, but not limited to Figure 15 The processors (102, 202) and / or transceivers (106, 206) can be used. Figure 15 Implemented by processors (102, 202) and / or transceivers (106, 206) Figure 16 Hardware components. For example, it can be achieved through... Figure 15 The processors (102, 202) implement boxes 1010 to 1060. Alternatively, they can be implemented using... Figure 15 The processors (102, 202) implement boxes 1010 to 1050, and can be used to... Figure 15 The transceivers (106, 206) are used to implement the 1060 box.

[0202] Can be via Figure 16 The signal processing circuit 1000 converts codewords into radio signals. In this document, a codeword is a sequence of encoded bits for an information block. The information block may include a transport block (e.g., a UL-SCH transport block, a DL-SCH transport block). Radio signals can be transmitted via various physical channels (e.g., PUSCH and PDSCH).

[0203] Specifically, the codeword can be converted into a scrambled bit sequence by scrambler 1010. The scrambling sequence used for scrambling can be generated based on an initial value, which may include the ID information of the wireless device. The scrambled bit sequence can be modulated into a modulation symbol sequence by modulator 1020. The modulation scheme may include pi / 2-binary phase shift keying (pi / 2-BPSK), m-phase shift keying (m-PSK), and m-quadrature amplitude modulation (m-QAM). The complex modulation symbol sequence can be mapped to one or more transmission layers by layer mapper 1030. The modulation symbols of each transmission layer can be mapped (pre-coded) to one or more corresponding antenna ports by pre-encoder 1040. The output z of pre-encoder 1040 can be obtained by multiplying the output y of layer mapper 1030 by an N*M precoding matrix W. Here, N is the number of antenna ports, and M is the number of transmission layers. Pre-encoder 1040 can perform precoding after performing transform precoding (e.g., DFT) for the complex modulation symbols. Alternatively, the precoder 1040 can perform precoding without performing transform precoding.

[0204] Resource mapper 1050 maps modulation symbols for each antenna port to time-frequency resources. Time-frequency resources may include multiple symbols in the time domain (e.g., CP-OFDMA symbols and DFT-s-OFDMA symbols) and multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. Signal generator 1060 can generate radio signals from the mapped modulation symbols, and the generated radio signals can be transmitted to other devices via each antenna. For this purpose, signal generator 1060 may include an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) module, a cyclic prefix (CP) inserter, a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), and an up-converter.

[0205] Can be with Figure 16 The signal processing procedures (1010~1060) are configured in reverse order for the signal processing procedures used to receive signals in a wireless device. For example, a wireless device (e.g., Figure 15 The receiver (e.g., 100, 200) can receive radio signals from the outside via the antenna port / transceiver. The received radio signals can be converted into baseband signals using a signal recovery unit. For this purpose, the signal recovery unit may include a frequency downlink converter, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a CP remover, and a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) module. Next, the baseband signals can be recovered into codewords through a resource demapping process, a post-encoding process, a demodulation processor, and a descrambling process. The codewords can be recovered into the original information blocks through decoding. Therefore, the signal processing circuitry (not illustrated) used for receiving signals may include a signal recovery unit, a resource demapping unit, a post-encoder, a demodulator, a descrambler, and a decoder.

[0206] Figure 17 Another example of a wireless device based on an implementation of this disclosure is shown. The wireless device can be implemented in various forms depending on the use case / service (see reference). Figure 14 ). Figure 17 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0207] Reference Figure 17 The wireless devices (100, 200) can correspond to Figure 15 The wireless devices (100, 200) can be configured using various elements, components, units / parts, and / or modules. For example, each of the wireless devices (100, 200) may include a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a memory unit 130, and an additional component 140. The communication unit may include a communication circuit 112 and one or more transceivers 114. For example, the communication circuit 112 may include... Figure 15 One or more processors (102, 202) and / or one or more memories (104, 204). For example, transceiver 114 may include one or more transceivers. Figure 15The device comprises one or more transceivers (106, 206) and / or one or more antennas (108, 208). Control unit 120 is electrically connected to communication unit 110, memory unit 130, and add-on components 140, and controls the overall operation of the wireless device. For example, control unit 120 may control the electrical / mechanical operation of the wireless device based on programs / code / commands / information stored in memory unit 130. Control unit 120 may transmit information stored in memory unit 130 to an external source (e.g., other communication devices) via wireless / wired interface through communication unit 110, or store information received from an external source (e.g., other communication devices) via wireless / wired interface through communication unit 110 in memory unit 130.

[0208] The add-on component 140 can be configured in various ways depending on the type of wireless device. For example, the add-on component 140 may include at least one of a power unit / battery, an input / output (I / O) unit, a drive unit, and a computing unit. The wireless device can be implemented in, but is not limited to, the following forms: robot ( Figure 14 100a), vehicles ( Figure 14 100b-1 and 100b-2), XR device ( Figure 14 100c), handheld device ( Figure 14 100d), home appliances ( Figure 14 100e), IoT devices ( Figure 14 100f), digital broadcasting terminals, holographic devices, public safety devices, MTC devices, medical devices, fintech devices (or financial devices), security devices, climate / environmental devices, AI servers / devices ( Figure 14 400), BS ( Figure 14 (e.g., 200), network nodes, etc. Depending on the use case / service, wireless devices can be used in mobile or fixed locations.

[0209] exist Figure 17In the wireless devices (100, 200), all various elements, components, units / parts, and / or modules can be connected to each other via wired interfaces, or at least partially connected wirelessly via communication unit 110. For example, in each of the wireless devices (100, 200), control unit 120 and communication unit 110 can be connected via a wired connection, and control unit 120 and first units (e.g., 130, 140) can be wirelessly connected via communication unit 110. Each element, component, unit / part, and / or module within the wireless devices (100, 200) may also include one or more elements. For example, control unit 120 can be constructed using a collection of one or more processors. As an example, control unit 120 can be constructed using a collection of communication control processors, application processors, electronic control units (ECUs), graphics processing units, and memory control processors. As another example, memory unit 130 can be constructed using random access memory (RAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), read-only memory (ROM), flash memory, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, and / or combinations thereof.

[0210] The implementation will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 17 Examples.

[0211] Figure 18 A handheld device based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated. The handheld device may include a smartphone, smartpad, wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch or smart glasses), or portable computer (e.g., a laptop). The handheld device may be referred to as a mobile station (MS), user terminal (UT), mobile subscriber station (MSS), subscriber station (SS), advanced mobile station (AMS), or wireless terminal (WT). Figure 18 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0212] Reference Figure 18 The handheld device 100 may include an antenna unit 108, a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a memory unit 130, a power supply unit 140a, an interface unit 140b, and an I / O unit 140c. The antenna unit 108 may be configured as part of the communication unit 110. Blocks 110 to 130 / 140a to 140c respectively correspond to... Figure 17 The frame is 110 to 130 / 140.

[0213] Communication unit 110 can send and receive signals (e.g., data signals and control signals) to and from other wireless devices or BSs. Control unit 120 can perform various operations by controlling the constituent elements of handheld device 100. Control unit 120 may include an application processor (AP). Memory unit 130 can store data / parameters / programs / codes / commands required to drive handheld device 100. Memory unit 130 can store input / output data / information. Power supply unit 140a can supply power to handheld device 100 and includes wired / wireless charging circuitry, a battery, etc. Interface unit 140b can support connection of handheld device 100 to other external devices. Interface unit 140b may include various ports (e.g., audio I / O ports and video I / O ports) for connecting to external devices. I / O unit 140c can input or output user-input video information / signals, audio information / signals, data, and / or information. I / O unit 140c may include a camera, microphone, user input unit, display unit 140d, speaker, and / or haptic module.

[0214] For example, in the case of data communication, I / O unit 140c can acquire user input information / signals (e.g., touch, text, voice, image, or video), and the acquired information / signals can be stored in memory unit 130. Communication unit 110 can convert the information / signals stored in memory into radio signals and transmit the converted radio signals directly to other wireless devices or to the BS. Communication unit 110 can receive radio signals from other wireless devices or the BS, and then recover the received radio signals into the original information / signals. The recovered information / signals can be stored in memory unit 130 and can be output in various types (e.g., text, voice, image, video, or haptic feedback) through I / O unit 140.

[0215] Figure 19 Vehicles or autonomous vehicles based on embodiments of this disclosure are shown. Vehicles or autonomous vehicles can be implemented using mobile robots, automobiles, trains, manned / unmanned aerial vehicles (AVs), ships, etc. Figure 19 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0216] Reference Figure 19 The vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 may include an antenna unit 108, a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a drive unit 140a, a power supply unit 140b, a sensor unit 140c, and an autonomous driving unit 140d. The antenna unit 108 may be configured as part of the communication unit 110. Blocks 110 / 130 / 140a to 140d correspond to... Figure 17 The frame size is 110 / 130 / 140.

[0217] Communication unit 110 can send and receive signals (e.g., data signals and control signals) to and from external devices such as other vehicles, BS (e.g., gNB and roadside units), and servers. Control unit 120 can perform various operations by controlling elements of the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100. Control unit 120 may include electronic control unit (ECU). Drive unit 140a can cause the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 to move on the road. Drive unit 140a may include engine, motor, transmission system, wheels, brakes, steering mechanism, etc. Power supply unit 140b can supply power to the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 and may include wired / wireless charging circuitry, battery, etc. Sensor unit 140c can acquire vehicle status, external environment information, user information, etc. Sensor unit 140c may include inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensors, collision sensors, wheel sensors, speed sensors, slope sensors, weight sensors, heading sensors, position modules, vehicle forward / reverse sensors, battery sensors, fuel sensors, tire sensors, steering sensors, temperature sensors, humidity sensors, ultrasonic sensors, lighting sensors, pedal position sensors, etc. Autonomous driving unit 140d can implement technologies for maintaining the vehicle's lane, technologies for automatically adjusting speed (e.g., adaptive cruise control), technologies for autonomously driving along a defined path, and technologies for automatically setting a route when a destination is set, etc.

[0218] For example, communication unit 110 can receive map data, traffic information data, etc., from an external server. Autonomous driving unit 140d can generate autonomous driving paths and driving plans from the acquired data. Control unit 120 can control drive unit 140a, enabling the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 to move along the autonomous driving path according to the driving plan (e.g., speed / direction control). During autonomous driving, communication unit 110 can periodically or non-periodically acquire the latest traffic information data from an external server and acquire surrounding traffic information data from neighboring vehicles. During autonomous driving, sensor unit 140c can acquire vehicle status and / or surrounding environment information. Autonomous driving unit 140d can update the autonomous driving path and driving plan based on newly acquired data / information. Communication unit 110 can transmit information about relevant vehicle positions, autonomous driving paths, and / or driving plans to an external server. The external server can predict traffic information data using AI technology, etc., based on information collected from the vehicle or autonomous vehicle, and provide the predicted traffic information data to the vehicle or autonomous vehicle.

[0219] The claims in this specification can be combined in various ways. For example, technical features in the method claims of this specification can be combined to implement or perform in a device, and technical features in the device claims can be combined to implement or perform in a method. Additionally, technical features in one or more method claims and one or more device claims can be combined to implement or perform in a device.

Claims

1. A method for performing wireless communication by a first device, the method comprising the steps of: Obtain configuration information associated with at least one beam; Select a first beam from the at least one beam; Among the at least one beam, a second beam that excludes the first beam is selected; as well as Communication is performed based on the second beam. The second beam is selected by excluding the first beam based on discontinuous transmission (DTX) associated with the first beam.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The second beam is selected by excluding the first beam based on the count of the DTX associated with the first beam reaching a threshold.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The second beam is selected by excluding the first beam based on feedback not received that is related to at least one of the physical control channel or physical shared channel transmitted based on the first beam.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The second beam is selected before a beam failure associated with the first beam is detected.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The second beam is selected by excluding the first beam based on a reference signal received power (RSRP) value associated with the first beam being less than or equal to a threshold.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein, The RSRP value associated with the first beam is an RSRP value associated with at least one of the following: a reference signal (RS) associated with the first beam or a resource for the RS associated with the first beam.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein, The RS is at least one of Channel State Information (CSI)-RS or Synchronization Signal Block (SSB).

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein, Based on the detection of beam failure associated with the first beam, the second beam is selected by excluding the first beam, and Specifically, based on the selection of the second beam, beam failure recovery (BFR) associated with the first beam is not triggered.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein, The detection of beam failure associated with the first beam is based on the beam failure count reaching a threshold.

10. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The second beam is selected (i) after a beam failure associated with the first beam is detected and (ii) before a BFR is triggered based on the beam failure by excluding the first beam.

11. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The first beam and the second beam are associated with at least one of the following: (i) a unicast link between the first device and the second device, or (ii) a unicast session between the first device and the second device.

12. The method according to claim 1, wherein, Information related to selecting the second beam by excluding the first beam is pre-configured to the first device before at least one of (i) a beam failure associated with the first beam is detected, or (ii) a BFR associated with the first beam is triggered.

13. The method according to claim 1, wherein, Control information, including information related to enabling Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) feedback, is transmitted via at least one of the physical control channel or the physical shared channel.

14. A first means adapted to perform wireless communication, the first means comprising: At least one transceiver; At least one processor; as well as At least one memory, connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, upon execution, cause the first device to perform operations, the operations including: Obtain configuration information associated with at least one beam; Select a first beam from the at least one beam; Selecting a second beam from the at least one beam that excludes the first beam; and Communication is performed based on the second beam. The second beam is selected by excluding the first beam based on discontinuous transmission (DTX) associated with the first beam.

15. A processing apparatus adapted to control a first device to perform wireless communication, the processing apparatus comprising: At least one processor; as well as At least one memory, connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, upon execution, cause the at least one processor to perform operations, the operations including: Obtain configuration information associated with at least one beam; Select a first beam from the at least one beam; Selecting a second beam from the at least one beam that excludes the first beam; and Communication is performed based on the second beam. The second beam is selected by excluding the first beam based on discontinuous transmission (DTX) associated with the first beam.

16. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium for recording instructions, said instructions, when executed, causing a first means to perform an operation, said operation comprising: Obtain configuration information associated with at least one beam; Select a first beam from the at least one beam; Among the at least one beam, a second beam that excludes the first beam is selected; as well as Communication is performed based on the second beam. The second beam is selected by excluding the first beam based on discontinuous transmission (DTX) associated with the first beam.

17. A method for performing wireless communication by a second device, the method comprising the steps of: Obtain configuration information associated with at least one beam; Perform beam pairing associated with the first beam among the at least one beam; Perform beam pairing associated with a second beam that excludes the first beam in the at least one beam; as well as Communication is performed based on the beam paired with the second beam. The second beam is selected by excluding the first beam based on discontinuous transmission (DTX) associated with the first beam.

18. A second means adapted to perform wireless communication, the second means comprising: At least one transceiver; At least one processor; as well as At least one memory, connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, upon execution, cause the second device to perform operations, the operations including: Obtain configuration information associated with at least one beam; Perform beam pairing associated with the first beam among the at least one beam; Perform beam pairing associated with a second beam, which excludes the first beam, in the at least one beam; and Communication is performed based on the beam paired with the second beam. The second beam is selected by excluding the first beam based on discontinuous transmission (DTX) associated with the first beam.

19. A processing apparatus adapted to control a second device to perform wireless communication, the processing apparatus comprising: At least one processor; as well as At least one memory, connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, upon execution, cause the at least one processor to perform operations, the operations including: Obtain configuration information associated with at least one beam; Perform beam pairing associated with the first beam among the at least one beam; Perform beam pairing associated with a second beam, which excludes the first beam, in the at least one beam; and Communication is performed based on the beam paired with the second beam. The second beam is selected by excluding the first beam based on discontinuous transmission (DTX) associated with the first beam.

20. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium for recording instructions, said instructions, when executed, causing a second device to perform an operation, said operation comprising: Obtain configuration information associated with at least one beam; Perform beam pairing associated with the first beam among the at least one beam; Perform beam pairing associated with a second beam that excludes the first beam in the at least one beam; as well as Communication is performed based on the beam paired with the second beam. The second beam is selected by excluding the first beam based on discontinuous transmission (DTX) associated with the first beam.

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