A high-yield cultivation and management method of raspberry tea

Abstract

The application provides a raspberry tea high-yield cultivation planting management method, relates to the raspberry tea planting technical field, and mainly adopts urea, plant cell mitogen, raspberry tea extract, 1,8-eucalyptol and polyglutamic acid as nutrient agent components for foliar spraying; adopts brassinolide, aspirin and Huaba No.1 as a root soaking solution to perform root (branch) soaking treatment on raspberry tea seedlings before transplanting or cutting; after transplanting and planting, conventional topdressing is performed, and nutrient agent is sprayed on leaves in time after leaf picking. The application overcomes the defects of the prior art, can effectively promote raspberry tea rooting, germination and vine growth, improve the bud tip and stem leaf yield of raspberry tea, and comprehensively improve the economic benefit of planting raspberry tea.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of raspberry tea planting, in particular to a raspberry tea high-yield cultivation planting management method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Raspberry tea is also known as vine tea, sweet tea and white tea, which is processed from the tender stems and leaves of Ampelopsis grossedentata, a unique medicinal and edible plant resource in China. The surface of raspberry tea is covered with white frost, and it tastes slightly bitter and has obvious aftertaste. It has been used as tea for thousands of years.

[0003] Raspberry tea is mainly propagated by seed sexual reproduction or branch cutting. Seedlings are transplanted in the field in February and March, and the season for picking fresh leaves for tea is mainly from April to August each year. Generally, the tender vine tips are picked for the raw material of bud tip raspberry tea. In September to November, mature pinnate compound leaves can also be picked, which is usually called common leaf raspberry tea and is generally used as raw material for processing granular tea. Therefore, the yield of raspberry tea at the present stage is generally calculated based on the fresh weight or dry weight of the tender vine tips.

[0004] The yield of raspberry tea is low in the first year after transplanting, and the yield of tender vine tips is about 25 kg per mu in fresh weight. The yield increases to about 220 kg per mu in fresh weight in the second year, and gradually enters the high-yield period. For raspberry tea planting, the yield of the early tea garden directly affects the economic benefits of the overall cultivation of raspberry tea. In order to improve the yield of raspberry tea, the planting density is often increased and the plant spacing is reduced. However, the increase of the planting density of raspberry tea requires higher soil fertility. The canopy density of the tea garden is large, which is not convenient for cultivation, weeding and fertilization management, and may affect the quality of the bud tips in the later period. Therefore, generally, the planting density of 2000-3000 plants per mu is ensured to reduce the competition between plants, effectively ensure the quality of the bud tips, and also ensure a certain yield in the early stage of newly planted tea garden.

[0005] The main purpose of raspberry tea cultivation is to pick leaves for tea, and leaves are the basis for yield. How to further improve the yield of fresh leaves of raspberry tea, especially the yield and quality of tender bud tips in the production season, is an important research direction for field production and planting at the present stage. Therefore, the present application proposes a technology and method for promoting the growth of underground root system and increasing the application of high-nitrogen compound water-soluble fertilizer on the ground and leaf spraying for the management of tea garden with high-density planting. SUMMARY

[0006] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a raspberry tea high-yield cultivation planting management method, which can effectively improve the yield of fresh leaf bud tips after transplanting of raspberry tea and comprehensively improve the economic benefits of artificial planting of raspberry tea.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present application is realized by the following technical scheme:

[0008] A berry tea high-yield cultivation planting management method, the cultivation planting management method comprises the following steps:

[0009] S1, before transplanting, soil disinfection, applying organic fertilizer, deep ploughing, and then land preparation and hole digging are used;

[0010] S2, according to the following formula to prepare nutrient agent: polyamino acid urea 5-15g / L+ plant cell division 10-20mg / L+ berry tea branch and leaf extract 30-50mg / L+ 1,8-cineole 20-40mg / L+ polyglutamic acid 2-4g / L+ the rest is water;

[0011] S3, pretreatment of transplanted seedlings: pruning the berry tea seedling mother garden, spraying nutrient agent after pruning, hardening off for 5-7 days, and getting pretreated healthy seedlings for standby;

[0012] S4, root soaking treatment of berry tea seedlings: after seedling and before transplanting, the root of berry tea seedlings is treated with a mixed solution of brassinolide, aspirin and Huabao No. 1 for 2-4 hours, then transplanted into planting holes, and poured with root fixing water;

[0013] S5, foliage dressing: foliage dressing is carried out 3-5 weeks and 8-9 weeks after planting, and subsequent foliage dressing is carried out every 4 months;

[0014] S6, pruning management: the main branch of berry tea seedlings is topped for the first time 1-2 months after planting, and the seedlings are topped every 10-15 days, a total of 3-5 times, and nutrient agent is sprayed on the leaves after each time of topping and topping;

[0015] S7, picking fresh leaves: the first picking of tender bud tips and fresh leaves is carried out 3-4 months after transplanting, and nutrient agent is sprayed on the leaves after each picking; after one year of transplanting, nutrient agent diluted by 2-3 times is sprayed once every 2 pickings.

[0016] Preferably, the land disinfection in step S1 is carried out by applying 50% carbendazim powder 30-40g per square meter, then ploughing and mixing, and covering film to complete disinfection.

[0017] Preferably, the nutrient agent prepared in step S2 is: the plant cell division is 6-benzyladenine (6-BA), and the berry tea branch and leaf extract is a water extract of berry tea branch and leaf.

[0018] Preferably, the healthy berry tea seedlings selected in step S3 are 6-10 month seedlings of cutting seedling or seed seedling.

[0019] Preferably, the amount of nutrient agent sprayed in step S3 is 15-30mL / plant.

[0020] Preferably, in the step S4, the concentration of brassinolide in the mixed solution of brassinolide, aspirin and Huaba No.1 is 10-15 mg / L, the concentration of aspirin is 20-40 mg / L, and the concentration of Huaba No.1 is 15-20 g / L.

[0021] Preferably, in the step S4, the distance between the planted raspberry tea seedlings is 30-40 cm, the row spacing is 50-60 cm, and the density per mu is 2780-3700 plants.

[0022] Preferably, in the step S6, the amount of the nutrient agent sprayed once is 15-20 mL / plant.

[0023] Preferably, in the step S7, the amount of the diluted 2-3 times nutrient agent sprayed once is 20-30 mL / plant.

[0024] The present application provides a raspberry tea high-yield cultivation planting management method, which has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0025] In the present application, the root of the raspberry tea seedling is treated with a mixed solution of brassinolide, aspirin and Huaba No.1 before transplanting, which can quickly promote the growth of new roots and root systems, and improve the survival rate and strong seedling rate of the seedlings. Spraying the high-nitrogen nutrient agent, which is composed of polyamino acid urea, plant cell division factor, raspberry tea extract and 1,8-eucalyptol, on the leaves of the raspberry tea after topping and pinching can promote the early growth of new buds in the newly planted tea garden, accelerate the growth, quickly seal the garden, and achieve the collection, production and benefit in the same year. Spraying the nutrient agent on the leaves of the adult tea garden after sealing the garden can effectively promote the growth of new buds and tender buds, promote the accumulation of the effective components of raspberry tea in the tips of the vines, increase the proportion and yield of high-quality bud tip raspberry tea, further improve the freshness and quality of raspberry tea, and comprehensively improve the overall economic benefit of planting raspberry tea. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 Fig. 1 is a control diagram of the tips of raspberry tea vines in 2024 and 2025 in the experimental group 1 in the embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 2 Fig. 2 is a control diagram of the tips of raspberry tea vines in 2024 and 2025 in the experimental group 2 in the embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 3 Fig. 3 is a control diagram of the tips of raspberry tea vines in 2024 and 2025 in the experimental group 3 in the embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 4 Fig. 4 is a control diagram of the tips of raspberry tea vines in 2024 and 2025 in the experimental group 4 in the embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 5The control diagram of raspberry tea vine tip in 2024 and 2025 for experimental group 5 in the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0031] Figure 6 The control diagram of raspberry tea vine tip in 2024 and 2025 for experimental group 6 in the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0032] Figure 7 The control diagram of raspberry tea vine tip in 2024 and 2025 for experimental group 7 in the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0034] Embodiment 1

[0035] I. Preparation of raw materials

[0036] 1. Preparation of raspberry tea branch and leaf extract

[0037] Fresh raspberry tea branches and leaves were crushed and ground into a slurry, 10 times the volume of deionized water was added, and water bath extraction was carried out at 55°C for 2h, then pressed and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated and dried to obtain the raspberry tea branch and leaf extract.

[0038] 2. Different nutrient agents were prepared according to the formula in Table 1 below (6-benzyladenine (6-BA) was selected as a plant cytokinin):

[0039] Table 1

[0040]

[0041] 3. Root soaking liquid was prepared according to the formula in Table 2 below:

[0042] Table 2

[0043]

[0044] II. Screening experiment of root soaking liquid

[0045] Select the same batch of growth conditions of the same cutting raspberry tea seedlings (cutting growth for 6 months, and the cutting substrate is a mixture of perlite and peat soil with equal quality), keep the root substrate, and place it in different root soaking liquids until the substrate is completely soaked (100 plants for each kind), then transplant it into the garden soil dug in advance, fill it with garden soil and pour clear water, and observe the survival rate of raspberry tea seedlings for 30d and 60d. The specific results are shown in Table 3 below:

[0046] Table 3

[0047]

[0048] From the above table, it can be seen that the root soaking liquid with aspirin concentration of 20mg / L-40mg / L can effectively promote the survival of transplanted raspberry tea seedlings.

[0049] III. Selection of Nutrient Agents

[0050] Select a 3-year-old raspberry tea garden, divide it into 11 areas, and select 5 raspberry tea plants in each area. On April 2, 2023, the first buds of the year were picked, and then the nutrient agent was sprayed (20mL per plant). Every 10 days, the buds were picked and the nutrient liquid was sprayed. The bud heads obtained after the 6th picking were detected for total flavonoids and dihydromyricetin content. The specific results are shown in Table 4 below:

[0051] Table 4

[0052]

[0053] From the above table, it can be seen that the use of 1,8-eucalyptol can effectively increase the content of total flavonoids in the bud heads, and the content of total flavonoids is the highest when the content of 1,8-eucalyptol is 20mg / L-40mg / L. The addition of polyglutamic acid can significantly increase the proportion of dihydromyricetin in total flavonoids. When the addition amount of polyglutamic acid in the nutrient agent is 2g / L-5g / L, the proportion of dihydromyricetin in total flavonoids is more than 66%. However, based on the principle of saving, the content of polyglutamic acid is best selected to be 2g / L-4g / L. The content and proportion of dihydromyricetin are important indicators of the quality of raspberry tea. The higher the content of dihydromyricetin, the higher the quality of raspberry tea. In summary, the use of 1,8-eucalyptol and polyglutamic acid can effectively improve the quality of raspberry tea tender leaves.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] Based on the experimental results of the above Example 1, root soaking liquids J-1 and J-3, and nutrient agents Y-1, Y-3, and Y-6 were selected for the following experiments:

[0056] Raspberry Tea Cultivation Experiment

[0057] (1) Select Zhangjiajie Yongding District berry tea plantation as the planting experiment area, the soil environment is sandy soil, according to 50% carbendazim powder 30-40g per square meter, after application, tillage, cover film treatment 3d, uncover film and stand for 2d, complete disinfection, then apply rapeseed cake fertilizer according to 150kg / mu, deep tillage soil 60cm, ditch 50cm, according to 30-40cm plant spacing, 50-60cm row spacing, dig planting pit;

[0058] (2) Select the same batch of cuttings and the same vigorous berry tea seedlings as transplanted seedlings (seedlings 6 months), prune and remove weak branches, crossing branches, and dense branches, and retain healthy main branches and side branches, then spray nutrient agent (20mL / plant), on November 3, 2023, place in a cool and ventilated place for 7d of seedling culture, get pretreated seedlings;

[0059] (3) Dig out the pretreated seedlings with the root matrix, immerse the root matrix in the root soaking liquid, then take out and place in the planting pit, compact the soil after filling, and irrigate with clean water;

[0060] (4) On December 9, 2023, apply urea fertilizer according to 5kg / mu, on January 7, 2024, apply nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (15%:15%:15%) compound fertilizer according to 40kg / mu, and then apply nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (15%:15%:15%) compound fertilizer every 4 months;

[0061] (5) On December 5, 2023, the transplanted berry tea was pruned for the first time, on December 17, 2023, for the second time, on December 29, 2023, for the third time, 5-7 axillary buds were retained each time, and nutrient agent was sprayed according to 20mL / plant after pruning;

[0062] (6) The first picking was carried out on March 27, 2024, and then once every 15 days until September 2024 (picking ends before September), after every 2 pickings, use nutrient agent diluted 2 times or undiluted nutrient agent (25mL / plant) for spraying;

[0063] In order to maximize the economic benefit of picking, the general picking standard is to pick one bud and one leaf when the bud is fat, and to pick one bud and two leaves when the bud is small or the leaf is large.

[0064] (7) The first picking of the second year was carried out on March 29, 2025, and then once every 15 days until September 2025 (picking ends before September), the picking standard and nutrient agent treatment are the same as the previous year.

[0065] The final yield (fresh tea weight, tea leaf yield) of raspberry tea treated with different nutrient agents and root soaking agents was recorded, and the results are shown in Table 5.

[0066] Table 5

[0067]

[0068] From the above table, the combined use of J-3 and Y-3 can significantly improve the yield of raspberry tea. Among them, the dilution of Y-3 as a whole has better yield-increasing effect on raspberry tea in the picking stage.

[0069] And the comparison of the vine tips and compound leaves of raspberry tea in the first picking in 24 years and the first picking in 25 years is shown in Table 6. Figures 1-7 It can be seen from Table 6 that the vine tips in the experimental group 4 ( Figure 4 ) can produce more new leaves and new buds in 24 years and 25 years, and the color and thickness of the new leaves and new buds are also better, so the overall yield is also higher.

[0070] The above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit it; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing examples can be modified, or some technical features can be replaced by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A raspberry tea high-yield cultivation planting management method, characterized by, The cultivation planting management method comprises the following steps: S1, before transplanting, soil treatment: disinfect the soil, apply organic fertilizer, deep plough, and then prepare the hole for transplanting; S2, prepare the nutrient agent according to the following formula: polyamino acid urea 5-15 g / L + plant cell division element 10-20 mg / L + raspberry tea branch and leaf extract 30-50 mg / L + 1,8-eucalyptol 20-40 mg / L + polyglutamic acid 2-4 g / L + the rest is water; the plant cell division element is 6-benzyladenine, and the raspberry tea branch and leaf extract is a water extract of raspberry tea branch and leaf; S3, pretreatment of the raspberry tea seedling: prune the raspberry tea mother plant garden, spray the nutrient agent after pruning, and then cultivate the seedling for 5-7 days to obtain a pretreated strong seedling for use; S4, root soaking treatment of the raspberry tea seedling: after the seedling is transplanted, the root of the raspberry tea seedling is soaked in a mixed solution of brassinolide, aspirin and Huaba No. 1 for 2-4 hours, then transplanted into the planting hole and irrigated with root fixing water; S5, foliar fertilization: foliar fertilization is carried out 3-5 weeks and 8-9 weeks after planting, and then foliar fertilization is carried out every 4 months; S6, pruning management: the main branch of the raspberry tea seedling is topped for the first time 1-2 months after planting, and then the seedling is pinched every 10-15 days, a total of 3-5 times, and the nutrient agent is sprayed on the leaves after each time of topping and pinching; S7, picking fresh leaves: the first picking of fresh leaves is carried out 3-4 months after transplanting, and the nutrient agent is sprayed on the leaves after each picking; and the nutrient agent diluted 2-3 times is sprayed every 2 pickings.

2. The cultivation management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the soil disinfection is carried out by applying 50% carbendazim powder 30-40 g per square meter, then ploughing and mixing, and then covering the film to complete the disinfection.

3. The cultivation management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the strong raspberry tea seedling is selected from the seedling or seedling of 6-10 months.

4. The cultivation management method according to claim 1, characterized by: In step S3, the amount of the nutrient agent sprayed is 15-30 mL / plant.

5. The cultivation management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the concentration of brassinolide in the mixed solution of brassinolide, aspirin and Huaba No. 1 is 10-15 mg / L, the concentration of aspirin is 20-40 mg / L, and the concentration of Huaba No. 1 is 15-20 g / L.

6. The cultivation management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the distance between the raspberry tea seedlings is 30-40 cm, the row spacing is 50-60 cm, and the density per mu is 2780-3700 plants.

7. The cultivation management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S6, the amount of the nutrient agent sprayed once is 15-20 mL / plant.

8. The cultivation management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S7, the amount of the nutrient agent diluted 2-3 times sprayed once is 20-30 mL / plant.

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