Monopole minimally invasive radio frequency electrotome device without neutral loop electrode

Abstract

The invention discloses monopole minimally invasive radio frequency electrotome equipment without a neutral loop electrode, relates to the technical field of medical instruments, and aims to solve the problems of electric burn, low efficiency and electromagnetic interference caused by the fact that an existing radio frequency electrotome depends on a negative plate. The host can generate stable electromagnetic waves and realize impedance adjustment, power control and electromagnetic compatibility optimization, a transmission line adopts a coaxial line to prevent signal leakage, the discharge electrode consists of a handle and an exposed electrode, and the size of the exposed part is far smaller than the signal wavelength; according to the device, a local current loop is formed between an exposed electrode and organism tissue through a capacitance coupling technology, current flows back by means of a distributed capacitor on the body surface of a patient, a neutral loop electrode does not need to be arranged, and the device is convenient to use, capable of effectively avoiding the electric burn risk, small in thermal damage, accurate in cutting, reliable in blood coagulation and capable of completely avoiding neuromuscular stimulation; the method is high in safety, and is especially suitable for medical scenes with high precision requirements, such as tumor operations.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of medical devices, in particular to a monopolar minimally invasive radiofrequency electrotome device without a neutral loop electrode. BACKGROUND

[0002] In existing medical operations, a radiofrequency electrotome is a commonly used tissue processing device, and its common output frequency is monopolar 4.0 MHz, and the power range is 100 W-150 W. The core defect of such a device is that it relies on a negative plate (neutral loop electrode) to form a current loop, which is tightly attached to the patient's skin to ensure uniform current return. The concentrated current generates a "thermal effect", which easily causes skin burns. If the negative plate is not attached properly, the patient's body position may change during the operation, causing the negative plate to shift or fall off, causing the current to pass through other parts of the body (such as bones, joints, and metal implants) to form an unintended loop, causing deep tissue electrical burns and other problems.

[0003] Moreover, there is a certain contact resistance between the negative plate and the skin, which is affected by various factors such as skin condition, adhesive pressure, etc. The contact resistance will cause a loss of electrical energy, reducing the efficiency of the device. At the same time, a larger contact resistance can also cause local heating, increasing the safety risk, and also causing greater thermal damage to blood vessels, the heart, and nerves. In addition, in some medical device use scenarios that require precise monitoring and control, the negative plate can cause electromagnetic interference to surrounding electronic devices, affecting the normal operation of other devices and the accuracy of monitoring results.

[0004] To solve the above problems, there is an urgent need for a radiofrequency electrotome device that does not rely on a negative plate and can ensure cutting or coagulation effect. SUMMARY

[0005] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present application provides a monopolar minimally invasive radiofrequency electrotome device without a neutral loop electrode. The surgical cutting power is only 1 / 3 or less of that of a conventional electrotome, which can greatly reduce the stimulation of nerves and muscles, the heart, and the thermal damage to blood vessels, nerves, and organs during cutting. Moreover, the cutting temperature is lower than 1 / 2 of that of a conventional electrotome, which is almost free of carbonization of tissues, produces less surgical smoke, heals faster after surgery, and causes less pain, solving the problems of the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present application is implemented by the following technical scheme: a monopolar minimally invasive radiofrequency electrotome device without a neutral loop electrode, comprising a host, a transmission line, and a discharge electrode.

[0007] The host is used to generate electromagnetic waves required for processing biological tissues, and to realize impedance adjustment, output power control, and electromagnetic compatibility control.

[0008] One end of the transmission line is connected to the host computer, and the other end is connected to the discharge electrode. It is used to transmit electromagnetic waves generated by the host computer and prevent signal leakage.

[0009] The discharge electrode includes a handle and an exposed electrode. The exposed electrode is fixed to one end of the handle, and the size of the exposed part of the exposed electrode is much smaller than the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave generated by the host.

[0010] The device uses capacitive coupling technology. When the bare electrode comes into contact with biological tissue, the distributed capacitance formed by the radio frequency antenna replaces the neutral circuit electrode, forming a current loop between the transmission antenna and the biological tissue. The current returns through the distributed capacitance on the patient's body surface, eliminating the need to attach a neutral circuit electrode plate to the human body.

[0011] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the host includes a DDS signal source, a broadband power amplifier, a transformer, a filter, an output power detection circuit, a digital attenuator, and a control circuit.

[0012] The DDS signal source is used to generate stable electromagnetic wave signals with a frequency range of 5MHz-50MHz.

[0013] The broadband power amplifier is used to amplify the signal output from the DDS signal source;

[0014] The digital attenuator is electrically connected to the control circuit and is used to adjust the output power;

[0015] The output power detection circuit is electrically connected to the control circuit and is used to monitor the output power in real time and feed it back to the control circuit to ensure the accuracy of the output power.

[0016] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the output frequency range of the DDS signal source is 5MHz-50MHz, and the output power range of the host is 5W-150W.

[0017] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the transformer is provided with multiple sets of coils with different turns ratios, and the turns ratio of the transformer coils ranges from 1:5 to 1:20.

[0018] The control circuit achieves impedance matching adjustment by switching the coil turns ratio of the transformer, which is used to switch between the cutting mode and the coagulation mode.

[0019] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the host computer is configured with a three-stage impedance matching circuit through a filter, a transformer and a transmission line network.

[0020] The filter is used to match the output impedance of the broadband power amplifier to 50 ohms.

[0021] The transformer is used to achieve low impedance transformation;

[0022] The transmission line network is used to further convert the impedance after transformer transformation into high impedance in order to realize the electric field output of electromagnetic waves.

[0023] As a further technical solution of the present invention, when the exposed electrode is not in contact with biological tissue, the exposed electrode is in an open-circuit high-resistivity state, and the reflected signal power of the electromagnetic wave is absorbed by the host, so as to avoid the biological tissue from being damaged by radiation.

[0024] As a further technical solution of the present invention, when the exposed electrode comes into contact with biological tissue, the electric field at the tip of the exposed electrode will generate arc discharge and locally generate Joule heat, which is used to cut or coagulate biological tissue.

[0025] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the transmission line is a coaxial shielded cable with a double-layer shielding structure, and the model of the coaxial transmission line is RG-174 or equivalent medical-grade shielded cable.

[0026] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the exposed electrode is made of tungsten alloy or platinum-iridium alloy, and the length of the exposed part is 3mm-10mm and the diameter is 0.3mm-1mm.

[0027] This invention provides a monopolar minimally invasive radiofrequency electrosurgical device that does not require a neutral circuit electrode, and has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0028] 1. This design is a monopolar minimally invasive radiofrequency electrosurgical device that does not require a neutral circuit electrode. It does not require a negative electrode plate, thus avoiding skin burns and unexpected electrical burns to deep tissues caused by poor adhesion, displacement, or detachment of the negative electrode plate. Moreover, the local current circuit and precise power control can reduce thermal damage and achieve heating and vaporization of tiny local areas. It is especially suitable for tumor surgery, with precise cutting and reliable coagulation, and completely avoids neuromuscular stimulation.

[0029] 2. This design features a monopolar minimally invasive radiofrequency electrosurgical device that does not require a neutral circuit electrode. It eliminates the need to attach or fix a negative electrode plate, simplifying the surgical preparation process. The absence of contact resistance leads to energy loss, improving the device's working efficiency. The coaxial cable and EMC design reduce electromagnetic interference and ensure a stable surgical environment. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structural principle of a monopolar minimally invasive radiofrequency electrosurgical device that does not require a neutral circuit electrode.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a circuit functional block diagram of a monopolar minimally invasive radiofrequency electrosurgical device that does not require a neutral circuit electrode.

[0032] In the diagram: 1. Main unit; 2. Transmission line; 3. Biological tissue; 4. Handpiece; 5. Exposed electrode; 6. Electrode contact area. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Please see Figures 1-2 This invention provides a technical solution for a monopolar minimally invasive radiofrequency electrosurgical device that does not require a neutral circuit electrode: The monopolar minimally invasive radiofrequency electrosurgical device that does not require a neutral circuit electrode includes a host 1, a transmission line 2 and a discharge electrode. The host 1 is used to generate electromagnetic waves required for processing biological tissue 3 and to realize impedance adjustment, output power control and electromagnetic compatibility control.

[0035] One end of the transmission line 2 is connected to the host 1, and the other end is connected to the discharge electrode. It is used to transmit the electromagnetic waves generated by the host 1 and prevent signal leakage. The transmission line 2 is a coaxial shielded cable with a double-layer shielding structure. The model of the coaxial transmission line is RG-174 or equivalent medical-grade shielded cable.

[0036] The device uses capacitive coupling technology. When the bare electrode 5 comes into contact with the biological tissue 3, the distributed capacitance formed by the radio frequency antenna replaces the neutral circuit electrode, forming a current loop between the transmission antenna and the biological tissue. The current returns through the distributed capacitance on the patient's body surface, eliminating the need to attach a neutral circuit electrode plate (i.e., a negative electrode plate) to the human body. The device does not require a negative electrode plate. The host 1 forms a local loop between the bare electrode 5 and the biological tissue 3 through a high-frequency electric field (not directly conductive). The current returns through the distributed capacitance on the patient's body surface (such as the coupling capacitance between the patient and the operating table), completely eliminating the risks associated with the negative electrode plate.

[0037] The host unit 1 includes a DDS signal source, a broadband power amplifier, a transformer, a filter, an output power detection circuit, a digital attenuator, and a control circuit;

[0038] DDS signal generators are used to generate stable electromagnetic wave signals with a frequency range of 5MHz-50MHz.

[0039] Broadband power amplifiers are used to amplify the signals output from DDS signal sources;

[0040] The digital attenuator is electrically connected to the control circuit and is used to adjust the output power;

[0041] The output power detection circuit is electrically connected to the control circuit to monitor the output power in real time and feed it back to the control circuit to ensure the accuracy of the output power.

[0042] The DDS signal source has an output frequency range of 5MHz-50MHz, and the main unit 1 has an output power range of 5W-150W. The DDS signal source preferably generates electromagnetic wave signals with a frequency around 13.5MHz. When the output frequency is 13.5MHz and the output power is 20W, the output power is amplified by a broadband power amplifier and then precisely controlled by a digital attenuator. The output power detection circuit provides real-time feedback of power data to ensure power accuracy, thereby enabling the equipment to achieve the optimal tissue cutting effect. When the output power is adjusted to 30W-50W, the equipment achieves the optimal tissue coagulation effect.

[0043] Furthermore, the transformer has multiple sets of coils with different turns ratios, ranging from 1:5 to 1:20. The control circuit achieves impedance matching adjustment by switching the turns ratio of the transformer coils, which is used to complete the functional switching between cutting mode and coagulation mode.

[0044] Furthermore, host 1 constructs a three-stage impedance matching circuit using filters, transformers, and transmission line networks:

[0045] The filter is used to match the output impedance of the broadband power amplifier to 50 ohms;

[0046] Transformers are used to achieve low impedance transformation;

[0047] Transmission line networks are used to further convert the impedance after transformer transformation into a higher impedance in order to achieve the electric field output of electromagnetic waves.

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 The electrode contact area 6 is the contact point between the bare motor 5 and the biological tissue 3. The discharge electrode includes a handle 4 and a bare electrode 5. The bare electrode 5 is fixed to one end of the handle 4, and the size of the exposed part of the bare electrode 5 is much smaller than the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave generated by the host 1. The material of the bare electrode is tungsten alloy or platinum-iridium alloy, and the length of the exposed part is 3mm-10mm and the diameter is 0.3mm-1mm.

[0049] When the exposed electrode 5 is not in contact with the biological tissue 3, the exposed electrode 5 is in an open-circuit high-resistivity state, and the reflected signal power of the electromagnetic wave is absorbed by the host to prevent the biological tissue 3 from being damaged by radiation.

[0050] When the exposed electrode 5 comes into contact with the biological tissue 3, the electric field at the tip of the exposed electrode 5 will generate arc discharge and locally generate Joule heat, which is used to cut or coagulate the biological tissue 3.

[0051] In addition, it should be added that the main unit 1 also integrates EMC (electromagnetic compatibility) design to reduce the damage of electromagnetic radiation to tissues, including a grounding shielding layer, power filtering module and signal isolation circuit, so that the electromagnetic radiation level of the device complies with the IEC60601-1-2 medical device electromagnetic compatibility standard and avoids interference with surrounding monitors, anesthesia machines and other equipment.

[0052] The working principle of this invention is as follows: When in use, the host 1 is connected to the power supply, the DDS signal source and broadband power amplifier are started through the control circuit, the target frequency (13.5MHz) and power (e.g. 20W for cutting) are set, and the output power detection circuit confirms that the power is stable before preparing for surgery;

[0053] Furthermore, medical staff hold the handle 4 of the discharge electrode and aim the exposed electrode 5 at the biological tissue 3 to be treated.

[0054] When the bare electrode 5 comes into contact with the tissue, the tip electric field generates an arc discharge, which locally generates Joule heating to cut the tissue; if coagulation is required, the power is adjusted to 30W and the electrode is kept in contact with the bleeding point, and the Joule heating causes the blood to coagulate.

[0055] When the bare electrode 5 is not in contact with the tissue, it is in an open-circuit high-resistivity state, and the reflected power is absorbed by the host 1, so the tissue is not damaged by radiation.

[0056] If it is necessary to switch from cutting to coagulation, the transformer coil ratio can be switched via the control button on the main unit 1, such as from 1:3 to 1:2. The impedance matching circuit will automatically adjust without interrupting the surgical procedure.

[0057] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of this utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model. Structures, devices, and operating methods not specifically described or explained in this utility model are implemented according to conventional methods in the art, unless otherwise specified or limited.

Claims

1. A monopolar minimally invasive radiofrequency electrosurgical device that does not require a neutral circuit electrode, characterized in that, It includes a host (1), a transmission line (2), and discharge electrodes; The host (1) is used to generate electromagnetic waves required for processing biological tissues (3) and to realize impedance regulation, output power control and electromagnetic compatibility control. One end of the transmission line (2) is connected to the host (1), and the other end is connected to the discharge electrode, which is used to transmit the electromagnetic waves generated by the host (1) and prevent signal leakage; The discharge electrode includes a handle (4) and an exposed electrode (5). The exposed electrode (5) is fixed to one end of the handle (3), and the size of the exposed part of the exposed electrode (5) is much smaller than the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave generated by the host (1). The device uses capacitive coupling technology. When the bare electrode (5) comes into contact with the biological tissue (3), the distributed capacitance formed by the radio frequency antenna replaces the neutral circuit electrode, forming a current loop between the transmission antenna and the biological tissue. The current returns through the distributed capacitance on the patient's body surface, eliminating the need to attach a neutral circuit electrode plate to the human body.

2. The monopolar minimally invasive radiofrequency electrosurgical device without a neutral circuit electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that, The host (1) includes a DDS signal source, a broadband power amplifier, a transformer, a filter, an output power detection circuit, a digital attenuator, and a control circuit; The DDS signal source is used to generate stable electromagnetic wave signals with a frequency range of 5MHz-50MHz. The broadband power amplifier is used to amplify the signal output from the DDS signal source; The digital attenuator is electrically connected to the control circuit and is used to adjust the output power; The output power detection circuit is electrically connected to the control circuit and is used to monitor the output power in real time and feed it back to the control circuit to ensure the accuracy of the output power.

3. The monopolar minimally invasive radiofrequency electrosurgical device without a neutral circuit electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that, The output frequency range of the DDS signal source is 5MHz-50MHz, and the output power range of the host (1) is 5W-150W.

4. The monopolar minimally invasive radiofrequency electrosurgical device without a neutral circuit electrode according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transformer is provided with multiple sets of coils with different turns ratios, and the turns ratio of the transformer coils ranges from 1:5 to 1:

20. The control circuit achieves impedance matching adjustment by switching the coil turns ratio of the transformer, which is used to switch between the cutting mode and the coagulation mode.

5. The monopolar minimally invasive radiofrequency electrosurgical device without a neutral circuit electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that, The host (1) is configured with a three-stage impedance matching circuit through filters, transformers and transmission line networks; The filter is used to match the output impedance of the broadband power amplifier to 50 ohms. The transformer is used to achieve low impedance transformation; The transmission line network is used to further convert the impedance after transformer transformation into high impedance in order to realize the electric field output of electromagnetic waves.

6. The monopolar minimally invasive radiofrequency electrosurgical device without a neutral circuit electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the exposed electrode (5) is not in contact with the biological tissue (3), the exposed electrode (5) is in an open-circuit high-resistance state, and the reflected signal power of the electromagnetic wave is absorbed by the host to avoid radiation damage to the biological tissue (3).

7. The monopolar minimally invasive radiofrequency electrosurgical device without a neutral circuit electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the exposed electrode (5) comes into contact with the biological tissue (3), the electric field at the tip of the exposed electrode (5) will generate arc discharge and locally generate Joule heat, which is used to cut or coagulate the biological tissue (3).

8. The monopolar minimally invasive radiofrequency electrosurgical device without a neutral circuit electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission line (2) is a coaxial shielded cable with a double-layer shielding structure. The model of the coaxial transmission line is RG-174 or equivalent medical-grade shielded cable.

9. The monopolar minimally invasive radiofrequency electrosurgical device without a neutral circuit electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exposed electrode (5) is made of tungsten alloy or platinum-iridium alloy, and the length of the exposed part is 3mm-10mm and the diameter is 0.3mm-1mm.

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